
?專題11 并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句
備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語(yǔ)精選考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破(講解版)
研究高考 明確考況
考查點(diǎn)
全國(guó)新高考卷
全國(guó)卷
命題分析
2021
2020
2021
2020
2019
并列句
卷I,62題,and
浙江高考1,56題and
卷I,37題,or
卷II,42題,and
甲卷,67題 but
卷II,67題,but
1、 并列連詞是近幾年高考的必考點(diǎn)之一,and、but、or、so、when、while等是考查重點(diǎn)。
2、 狀語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等,結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句和原因狀語(yǔ)從句偶爾也會(huì)涉及。
狀語(yǔ)從句
乙卷,64題not...until...
卷III,65題when/ as
卷III,61題so...that
必備知識(shí) 整合提高
考點(diǎn)1、并列句
①、and, not only...but(also)…,both and..., neither...nor...等,表并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
●There the air is clean and the mountains are green.
那里空氣清新,千山一碧。
●He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
他不但讀了這本書,而且還記得所讀的內(nèi)容。
②、but, yet, whereas等 ,表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
●The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
這次失敗對(duì)他是個(gè)很的打擊,但他并沒有灰心,很快便像以前一樣充滿熱情。
●Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.
有一些研究顯示出了積極的結(jié)果,但其他的則不然。
③、or, either...or..., not...but...等 ,表選擇關(guān)系。
●Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.
要么你改進(jìn)工作,要么我就辭退你。
④、for, so表因果關(guān)系。for連接的分句一般不放在句首。
●The leaves of trees are falling, for it's already autumn.
樹葉掉落,因?yàn)榍锾煲呀?jīng)到了。
●Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, so plants can spread to new places.
一些動(dòng)物將種子從一個(gè)地方帶到一個(gè)地方,因此植物(的種子)可以被傳播到新的地方。
⑤、and, or 表?xiàng)l件或結(jié)果,常用于“祈使句,and/or+陳述句”句型中。
●You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.
你得讓出路來,否則卡車無法從你身旁通過。
⑥、while 作并列連詞時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)兩種情況的對(duì)比。
●I like black coffee while he prefers it with milk.
我愛喝不加奶的咖啡,而他更喜歡喝加牛奶的。
【特別注意】
when可用作并列連詞,相當(dāng)于 and at this// that time,意為“正在這/那時(shí);突然”,用于下列句式:
①、sb. be about to do/going to do/ on the point of doing sth...when...(某人正要做某事,這時(shí)突然……);
②、sb. be doing sth.when....(某人正在做某事,這時(shí)突然……);
③、sb. had just done sth.when....(某剛做完某事,這時(shí)突然…...)。
● He was about to go out when the telephone rang. 他正要出去時(shí),電話鈴響了。
● He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.
他剛寫完一篇報(bào)告,老板就讓他錄入一封信件。
考點(diǎn)2 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 1 when, while和as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
①、when當(dāng)…時(shí),可與延續(xù)性動(dòng)動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,從句動(dòng)作可以發(fā)生主句動(dòng)作之前、之后或與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
②、while當(dāng)…時(shí),只可與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作持續(xù)的過程中。
③、as當(dāng)……時(shí);隨著,常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,從句動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。
●The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.
測(cè)驗(yàn)表明當(dāng)我們作決定時(shí),社會(huì)環(huán)境的影響非常大。
●When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. 當(dāng)一株綠葉植物受到攻擊時(shí),它不會(huì)坐以待斃。
●While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images.
孩子們?cè)诳措娨暤臅r(shí)候,不只是在吸收文字和影像信息。
●As he grew older, he became less active. 隨著他逐漸長(zhǎng)大,他變得不那么活潑了。
【特別注意】
如果主句表示的是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作,而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,則when, while與as可互換使用。
●When/While/As I was walking down the street. I came across an old friend.
我正沿著大待走時(shí),碰巧遇到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。
Point 2 表示“一.......就……”含義的詞或短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
(1)、有的名詞短語(yǔ)或副詞可作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,如:the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等,另外as soon as也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
●For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your biological clock to the destination's time.
例如,你一上飛機(jī),就開始按照目的地的時(shí)間調(diào)整你的生物鐘。
●The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard.
那個(gè)男孩一看到果園的主人就胞開了。
(2)、在hardly/scarcely... when/before...和no sooner..than...結(jié)構(gòu)中,主句用過去完成時(shí),when, before或than所在的從用一般過去時(shí)。
●I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening. 我一告訴他那則消息他就不聽了。
●He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他一完成演講,學(xué)生就開始?xì)g呼。
【特別注意】
在 hardly/ scarcely...when/ before..., no sooner....than...結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng) hardly, scarcely或 no sooner位于向首時(shí),主句要部分倒裝。
They had hardly reached Edinburgh when they were ordered to return to London.
=Hardly had they reached Edinburgh when they were to return to London.
他們剛抵達(dá)愛丁堡就接到回倫敦的命令
Point 3 till ,until和not ...until/till...的用法
until, till兩者均表示“直到......為止”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。在肯定句中,主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某時(shí)間為止。not... until...,not...til...兩者均表示“直到…...才......”, not所在的主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始。 until可位于句首,而till不能。
●The father waited until his daughter had finished her homework. 那位父親一直等到他的女兒做完作業(yè)。
●The baby didn’t go to bed until his mother returned. 這個(gè)孩子直到他的媽媽回來才睡覺。
Point 4 after和 before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
after表示“在...之后”, before表示“在…之前;還未…就......還沒來得及……就
●He changed his name after he left his hometown離開家鄉(xiāng)后他把名字改了。
●Before I could say anything more, Holmes had rushed off to war the station.
沒等我把話說完,福爾摩斯已經(jīng)急匆匆離去,直奔車站了。
【特別注意】
(1)、“ It will be/was+時(shí)間段+ before從句”表示在…之前還要多久/過了多久オ.......
● It will be half a year before I graduate. 半年后我才畢業(yè)。
(2) 、“ It won't be/wasn't+時(shí)間段+ before從句” 表示“過不了多久就………;沒過多久就……”。
It wasn't long before we started. 沒過多久我們就動(dòng)身了。
Point 5 since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
since意為“自從…以來”,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 since從句的時(shí)態(tài)若是一般過去時(shí),主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。此外, since常用于以下句型:
It is/ has been+時(shí)間段+ since從句(常用一般過去時(shí))
●They have been friends since they met for the first time in London.
自從在倫敦第一次見面以來,他們一直是朋友。
【特別注意】
“It is/ has be+時(shí)間段+ since從句(常用一般過去時(shí))”句型的含義取決于從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。若從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,則表示從該動(dòng)作開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在多久;若從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,則表示從該動(dòng)作結(jié)東到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有多久了。
●It is three years since the war ended. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)已經(jīng)結(jié)束三年了
●It is three years since he lived here 他住在這里已經(jīng)有三年了。
Point 6 其他常見名詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句這類名詞短語(yǔ)有:
every time每次 each time每次 any time任何時(shí)候 next time下次 all the time(在某段時(shí)間內(nèi))一直the first/ last time第一次/最后一次 the day/year那天/年
●Every time I meet her, I always forget her name. 每次我見到她時(shí),我總記不起她的名字。
●The first time I met her, I thought her nice and honest. 我第一次見她時(shí),就覺得她友好又誠(chéng)實(shí)。
考點(diǎn)3 地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ)從句
分考點(diǎn)1 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句可用 where, wherever等引導(dǎo)。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句可置于句首、句中或句尾。
●If you happen to get lost in the wild, you'd better stay where you are and wait for help.
如果你剛好在野外迷路了,你最好待在你所在的地方等待救援。
●Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 她所到之處都有成群的人等著見她。
【特別注意】
where既可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞,,where可替換成“介詞+ which'”;而狀語(yǔ)從句前則無先行詞。
●You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定語(yǔ)從句)
●You'd better make a mark where you have any questions. (狀語(yǔ)從句)
你最好在有問題的地方做個(gè)記號(hào)。
分考點(diǎn)2 原因狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有:
because因?yàn)? as由于 since因?yàn)?既然 now(that)既然 seeing(that)由于;鑒于
in that 由于;因?yàn)? considering(that)考慮到;鑒于
●I don't get lonely now because I make the effort to see people.
我現(xiàn)在不覺得孤獨(dú)了,因?yàn)槲覈L試著與人交往。
●As it is fine, we shall go out for a walk. 因?yàn)樘鞖獠诲e(cuò),我們將外出散步。
●Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-- a lot of energy is lost during transmission.
因?yàn)檎彰髟O(shè)備經(jīng)常距離電源很遠(yuǎn)—比如從一家發(fā)電廠到偏僻高速公路上的路燈的距離,因此在傳輸過程中很多電能丟失了。
【知識(shí)拓展】
(1)、when也可表示“既然”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
●How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?
既然他們把所有的空閑時(shí)間都用來看電視了,還怎么能學(xué)到東西呢?
(2)、除了狀語(yǔ)從句外,一些介詞短語(yǔ)同樣可以表示原因,此類短語(yǔ)有; because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of, as a result/ consequence of ,in view of等。
●Because of the weather, we had to put off the sports meeting. 由于天氣原因,我們不得不推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
考點(diǎn)4 目的和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
分考點(diǎn)1目的狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 1 in order that.與 so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句
二者都意為“以便……;為了…”,其引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)常用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。 in order that比 so that更為正式,引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可置于主句之前或之后;而 so that引導(dǎo)的從句一般置于主句之后。
●Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you. 大點(diǎn)聲講,以便大廳里的人都能聽見。
●In order that we might get there on time, we should set out early... 為了準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到那里,我們應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。
【特別注意】
當(dāng)主從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí), so that和 in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞不定式
結(jié)構(gòu)。
●We got up early so that we could arrive in time.
-We got up early so as to arrive in time.
為了能及時(shí)趕到,我們起得很早。
●Betty saved money in order that she could buy a portable computer. -Betty saved money in order to buy a portable
computer.貝蒂存錢是為了買一臺(tái)手提電腦。
Point 2 for fear that.與(just) in case引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句
for fear that意為“唯恐;生怕”;(just) in case意為“以防萬(wàn)一”。,
●Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.
留一把鑰匙給你的鄰居,以防哪天你把自己鎖在門外。
●They locked themselves in their houses in case there was more trouble..他們把自己鎖在家里,以防還會(huì)有麻煩。
分考點(diǎn)2結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有
so...that...如此…...以至于...... so that以至于 such that以至于 such...that...如此…以至于…
so....that...與 such... that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu) 形式為:
①、so+形容詞/副詞+that從句
②、so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句
③、so+many/much/few/ little((少)+名詞+that從句
④、such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句
⑤、such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句
●He is so experienced a worker that we all believe in him.
=He is such an experienced worker that we all believe in him.
他是一位很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人,我們都信任他。
●He had so little education that he was unfit for the job.
他所受的教育很少,不適合做這份工作。
【特別注意】
(1)、在so...that...和such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)“so+adj/adv.” 或“such+n.”置于句首時(shí),主句要部分倒裝。
●So fast did he run that I couldn't catch him. 他跑得那么快,我抓不住他。
(2)、除結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句外,too...to.…,… enough to.…,so…as to…,such...as to...等不定式結(jié)構(gòu)同樣可以表示結(jié)果。
●He got up too late to catch the first train.
=He didn't get up early enough to catch the first train.
=He got up so late as to miss the first train.
他起得太晚了以至于沒趕上第一班火車。
考點(diǎn)5 條件和方式狀語(yǔ)從句
分考點(diǎn)1 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 1 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有:
if如果 (just) in case如果 unless除非 so long as/ as long as只要 on condition that..條件是……
suppose// supposing(that)假設(shè);如果 provided/ providing(that)如果
●Unless some extra money is found, the theater will close. 除非找到一些額外的資金,否則劇院將會(huì)關(guān)閉。
●One's life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others.
只要一個(gè)人給別人的生命帶來價(jià)值,那么其自身的生命就有價(jià)值。
【特別注意】
在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來含義;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來完成時(shí)的含義;一般過去時(shí)表過去將來的含義。
●If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman. 如果明天下雪,我們就堆雪人。
●In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨,就不要等我了。
Point 2 only if和 if only的區(qū)別
only if:意為“只有(在……的情況下)”,置于句首時(shí)主句要部分倒裝。 if only意為“但愿;要是......就好了”,引導(dǎo)的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;與現(xiàn)在的情況相反時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí)(be一般用were);與過去的情況相反時(shí),從句用過去完成時(shí);與將來的情況相反時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)用“ would// could/ might+動(dòng)詞原形”。
● Only if he studies harder can he catch up with others. 他只有更加努力學(xué)習(xí),才能趕上其他人。
● If only it would stop raining! 但愿雨會(huì)停!
分考點(diǎn) 2 方式狀語(yǔ)從句
as if或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句與事實(shí)相反時(shí),通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,從句用一般過去時(shí)(be一般用were);與過去事實(shí)相反,從句用過去完成時(shí);與將來事實(shí)相反,從句謂語(yǔ)用“ would/ could/ might+動(dòng)詞原形”。從句內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相符或有很大可能成為事實(shí)時(shí),則用陳述句語(yǔ)氣。
● They treat her as though she were their daughter. 他們待她如親生女兒一樣。
● Look at the dark clouds! It looks as if it is going to rain. 看那些烏云!看起來好像要下雨了。
考點(diǎn)6 讓步和比較狀語(yǔ)從句
分考點(diǎn)1 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
Point 1 although// though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可與yet,still或 nevertheless連用,但不能與but連用。
●It was a nice meal, though/although a little expensive. 盡管有點(diǎn)貴,但這頓飯很好吃。
●Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
盡管經(jīng)常鍛煉很重要,但臨睡前鍛煉絕對(duì)不是個(gè)好主意。
【特別注意】
(1) 、though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝,也可以不倒裝,但 although引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。
(2) 、though可用作副詞,意為“然而”,表轉(zhuǎn)折,常置于句末。
●She promised to phone, she didn't, though. 她答應(yīng)打電話來,然而卻沒有。
(3) 、while也可表示“雖然;盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于though/ although,一般放在句首。
●While/Though/Although he has some shortcomings, he also has some good points.
雖然他有一些缺點(diǎn),但他也有一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)
Point 2 as/ though引導(dǎo)的步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形+as/ though-+主語(yǔ)+其他。若表語(yǔ)
是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),前置時(shí)要省略冠詞。
●Child as/though he was, he helped me a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子,他卻幫了我很大的忙。
●Much as/though I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely.
盡管我很欣賞他的勇氣,但我認(rèn)為他的行為并不明智。
●Try as/though he might, he could not open the door. 不管怎么努力,他還是不能打開那扇門。
●Unhappy as I was, I understood my parents and followed their advice.
盡管我不高興,但我還是理解了父母并且聽從了他們的建議。
Point 3 even though// even if意為“即便;即使”其引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)的讓步,可用陳述語(yǔ)氣,
也可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
●And not everyone has the ability to work from home, even if they want to.
而且并不是每個(gè)人都有能力在家辦公,即使他們很想這樣做。 (陳述語(yǔ)氣)
●Even if I were busy, I would attend the meeting. 即使我很忙,我也會(huì)參加會(huì)議。(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
Point 4 “疑問詞+-ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從
whatever, whoever, whosever, whomever, whenever, wherever, however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),相當(dāng)于 no matter-+what/who/whose/whom/when/where/how。
●In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, wherever it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.
在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中,一種治療癌癥的新藥,無論是在哪里發(fā)明的,都將在全世界范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生很多經(jīng)濟(jì)可能性。
●However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount of the food you eat.
不管你多么努力,如果不減少進(jìn)食量,減肥很難。
【特別注意】
whatever, whoever, whosever,, whomever, whenever, wherever, however還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
●Whoever comes to our school is welcome. 無論誰(shuí)到我們學(xué)校來都會(huì)受歡迎的。(主語(yǔ)從句)
●You can do whatever you'd like to. 你想做什么就做什么。(賓語(yǔ)從句)
Point 5 whether... or..引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
whether... or..意為“不論……還是……”,提供兩種對(duì)比的情況。
●Whether we beat them or they beat us, the match will be enjoyable.
不論是我們打敗他們,還是他們勝過我們,這場(chǎng)比賽都會(huì)很精彩。
●Whether it is fine or not, I shall go out for an outing tomorrow. 不論天氣好壞,我明天都要去郊游。
分考點(diǎn)2 比較狀語(yǔ)從句
(詳見專題4形容詞和副詞)
核心考法 重難突破
考法1考 查并列連詞
??嫉牟⒘羞B詞有:and, but, or, for, so, while, not only...but(also)…等。
【全國(guó)新高考1 2020·37】They kept their collection at home until it got too big__________until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
【解析】句意為:他們將自己的收藏品保存在家中,直到多到放不下或直到他們?nèi)ナ?才將其送給博物館。分析句子成分并結(jié)合句意可知,句中的 until it got too big和 until they died為并列的兩種不同情況,表示“或者”,故填or
【全國(guó)Ⅱ2019·67】 I work not because I have to,_______because I want to.
【解析】句意為:我工作并非因?yàn)槲也坏貌还ぷ?而是因?yàn)槲蚁胍ぷ?。根?jù)句意可知,設(shè)空處前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。
考法2考查引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞
主要有when, while, as, until, before, since, after, once, as soon as等。其中when, while和as都可表示”當(dāng)……時(shí)”,但用法有區(qū)別
(1)、when可表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段,從句謂語(yǔ)可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
(2)、 while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作持續(xù)的過程中。
(3)、as通常表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
此外近幾年???before的用法??忌鷳?yīng)熟悉 before的含義及其常用句型。
【全國(guó)Ⅲ 2020·65改編】_______he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary
artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
【解析】句意為:當(dāng)他問江岸上的村民們他要到哪兒才能找到這位傳奇的畫家時(shí),村民們笑了并指了指江水的下游。結(jié)合句意可知,此處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”,故應(yīng)用When或As引導(dǎo)。
【浙江2019年6月·59改編】_____the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can
easily see them.
【解析】句意為:當(dāng)孩子們?cè)谠缟咸爝€沒亮就步行或者騎自行車去學(xué)校時(shí),汽車司機(jī)很容易就能看到他們。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作持續(xù)的過程中,故填When/ While.。
考法3 考查引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞
主要有if, unless, as/ so long as, (just) in case(假如,萬(wàn)一)等。如果主句用一般將來時(shí),從句則常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。
【北京2018·2改編】______we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
【解析】句意為:如果我們不阻止氣候變化,世界上許多動(dòng)植物將會(huì)消失。根據(jù)句意可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“如果”,故用f引導(dǎo)該從句。
考法4 考查引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞
主要有 though, although, as(雖然), while(雖然), even if,though, “疑問詞+-ever',“ no matter-+疑問詞”等??忌绕湟⒁?,當(dāng)有 though, although時(shí),后面不能接but,但可接yet。
[北京2017·25改編]______birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
【解析】句意為:盡管鳥兒的羽毛是為了飛翔,但它們的一些羽毛還有其他用途。根據(jù)句意可知,設(shè)空處表示“盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故填 Though/ Although/ While
考法5 考查引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)、目的、原因、方式、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞
(1)、引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞為 where, wherever等。
(2)、目的狀語(yǔ)從句可由 so that, in order that等引導(dǎo)。
(3)、原因狀語(yǔ)從句一般由 because, since, as引導(dǎo); because不能與so連用,如果原因已為人們所知,或不如主句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容重要,則用as或 since, since比as更為正式。
(4)、方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as(正如), as if/ as though(好像)等引導(dǎo)。
(5)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要有so/such...that..., so that等。在某種情況下,so...that...可以與 ... enough to和
too...to..結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換;so that 也可以導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“因此”。
【全國(guó)Ⅲ2019·61改編】 On our way to the house, it was raining so hard______we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
【解析】句意為:在我們前往那所房子的路上,雨下得那么大,以至于我們不禁在想要用多久才能到那兒。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“如此…以至于……”,應(yīng)用so...that...結(jié)構(gòu),故填that
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