?科目:英語（試題卷）
邵陽市2022屆高三第一次聯(lián)考英語
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。
每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shin？
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C.
1. What are the speakers probably going to do？
A. Ride their bikes. B. Attend a match. C. Play tennis.
2. Why does the man call？
A. To ask about a doctor. B. To put off a meeting. C. To book a working lunch.
3. Where are the speakers probably？
A. On the plane. B. On the train. C. On the coach.
4. How does the woman find the course？
A. Long. B. Boring. C. Difficult.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A Where to meet. B. What to drink. C. When to leave.
第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話成獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題，
6. What are the speakers talking about？
A. A way of payment. B. A new technology. C. A popular app.
7. How does the man sound？
A. Satisfied. B. Doubtful. C. Understanding.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。
8. What is the woman interested in about the festival？
A. The paintings. B. The classical music. C. The rock music.
9. Why will the woman miss the concert？
A. Because of a party. B. Because of Bob Wood. C. Because of the tickets
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題
10. How will the woman go to Paris from London？
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By train
11. What does the man advise the woman to do in Paris？
A. Visit the museums.
B. Climb the Eiffel Tower.
C. See views from Are de Triomphe.
12. What does the man think of the weather in Paris？
A. Rainy. B. Changeable. C. Comfortable.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. How does the woman get the knowledge of the Ice Age？
A. By reading an article. B. By listening to a lecture. C. By watching a documentary
14. What did the man say about Ice Age people？
A. They lived in caves. B. They had a talent for music. C. They had an advanced language.
15. How did people in the early Ice Age keep warm according to the woman？
A They wore clothing made of animal skins.
B. They kept fires burning day and night.
C. They built their houses facing south.
16. What does the man want the woman to do？
A. Meet his classmates. B. Help him with homework. C. Give a presentation.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題
17. Who started the garden？
A. Mr. Regent. B. Mrs. Collins. C. Mr. Jenkins.
18. What teacher may visit the garden most？
A. The science teacher. B. The biology teacher. C. The wath teacher.
19 How many more trees does the speaker hope they grow by next year？
A. 9. B. 10. C. 20.
20. When does the speaker advise parents to visit the garden？
A. On Wednesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Fridays.
第二部分 閱讀 （共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
A
On the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China, red tourism has gained popularity among tourists who food in to visit historic sites with a modern revolutionary heritage.
Jinggangshan
This is one of the most crucial and splendid chapters of history of establishing Red China as well a unique and wonderful ecosystem, which is covered with rich forest, rough peaks and several memorials to the Red Amy. The best time to visit is between April and October, with the most temperature timing April and May when the large azaleas (杜鵑花) bloom.
Open: 8:00-17:00 (February 16 November 15) , 9:00-16:30 (November16-February 15)
Xibaipo
It is an old revolutionary base where the leadership of the Communist Party of China was stationed, drawing up the blueprint (藍圖)for a new country. A memorial hall was built to honor the memory of this site. The lake and the hill here add brilliance and beauty to each other and form pleasant scenery.
Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 9:30-17:00 (Xibaipo Memorial Hall)
The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall
A new exhibition is held with updated display approaches, including phantom (幻影) imaging and oil painting, which are used to improve visitors’ experiences. The exhibition shows four stages of CPC(the Communist Party of China) from its establishment to its achievements.
Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 8:30-18:00, closed on Mondays(except legal holidays)
Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth
New Youth started the New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement. The site was tentatively based in Beijing but moved back to Shanghai in1920 and also served as the office for the Communist Party of China Central Committee in the 1920s.
Open: Thursdays to Tuesdays 9:00-11:30:13:30 16:30 (closed on Wednesdays)
1. When can tourists visit Jinggangshan?
A. At 5 p.m. on January 18.
B. At 8 a.m. on March 18.
C. At 5 a.m. on September 18.
D. At 8 a.m. on November 18.
2. Where could visitors learn about four stages of the Communist Party of China?
A. Jinggangshan.
B. The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall.
C. Xibaipo.
D. Former Site of the Editorial Department of Nero Youth.
3. What do we know about Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth?
A. New Youth started the May Fourth Movement.
B. New Youth made the New Culture Movement successful.
C. The site acted as the office for the Communist Party of China in 1920.
D. New Youth was originally founded in Shanghai.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。正值建黨一百周年之際，文章推薦了幾大紅色旅游景點。
1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jinggangshan中“Open: 8:00-17:00 (February 16 November 15), 9:00-16:30 (November16-February 15) ( 開放時間：8:00-17:00 (2月16日- 11月15日)，9:00-16:30 (11月16日- 2月15日))”可知，井岡山的開放時間為2月16日至11月15日的8:00-17:00和11月16日至2月15日的9:00-16:30；結(jié)合選項可知，游客可以在3月18日上午8點參觀井岡山。故選B。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall中“The exhibition shows four stages of CPC(the Communist Party of China) from its establishment to its achievements.( 展覽展示了中國共產(chǎn)黨從成立到取得成就的四個階段)”可知，游客可以在南湖革命紀念館了解中國共產(chǎn)黨的四個階段。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth中“The site was tentatively based in Beijing but moved back to Shanghai in1920 and also served as the office for the Communist Party of China Central Committee in the 1920s.( 它最初暫定在北京，但在1920年搬回上海，并在20世紀20年代作為中國共產(chǎn)黨中央委員會的辦公室)”可知，《新青年》創(chuàng)建于上海。故選D。
B
The 2021 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to the novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah, for his “compassionate insight of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”.
Gurah is a Tanzanian writer who writes in English and lives and works in the United Kingdom. He was born in Zanzibar, the semi-autonomous island off the east African coast. Zanzibar underwent a revolution in 1964 in which citizens of Arab origin were persecuted. Gurnah was forced to flee the country when he was 18. He began to write in English as a 21-year-old refugee in England. He has written numerous works that pose questions around ideas of belonging, colonialism, displacement, memory and migration.
He is one of the most important contemporary postcolonial novelists writing in Britain today and is the first black African writer to win the prize since Wole Soyinka in 1986. Gurnah is also the first Tanzanian writer to win.
Anders Olsson, chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah’s novels abandon conventional descriptions and turn our eyes to a culturally diverse East Africa unfamiliar to many in other parts of the world.
Gurnah, who was in the kitchen when he was informed of his win, said that he believed it was a wind-up.
“I thought it was a prank,” he said. “These things are usually floated for weeks in advance, or sometimes months beforehand, about who are the winners, so it was not something that was in my mind at all. I was just thinking, I wonder who’ll get it?”
“I am honored to be awarded this prize and to join the writers who have been superior to me on this list. It is overwhelming and I am so proud.”
His longtime editor, Alexandra Pringle at Bloomsburg, said Gurnah’s win was “most deserved” for a writer who has not previously received due recognition.
4. What helped Gurnah win the Nobel Prize in literature?
A. His popularity among readers. B. His life experience as a refugee.
C. His exploration of the suffering caused by colonialism. D. His productivity in literary.
5. Which of the following about Gurnah is True?
A. He has an American origin.
B. He adopts English as his literary language.
C. He was made to flee England when he was 18.
D. He is the first black African writer to win the Nobel Prize.
6. What was Gurnah’s first reaction to his award?
A. Thrilled. B. Honored. C. Astonished. D. Proud.
7. What did Alexandra Pringle think of Gurnah’s win?
A. It was an overdue recognition. B. It was an unreasonable decision.
C. It depended on good luck. D. It made East Africa famous.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要說明了小說家Abdulrazak Gurnah獲得2021年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎，文章介紹了他的一些個人背景知識、獲獎時的反應(yīng)以及對此的看法。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“The 2021 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to the novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah, for his “compassionate insight of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”. (2021年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎被授予小說家Abdulrazak Gurnah，以表彰他“對殖民主義影響和難民命運富有同情心的洞察力”)”可知，是對殖民主義造成的苦難的探索幫助Gurnah獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Gurah is a Tanzanian writer who writes in English and lives and works in the United Kingdom.(Gurah是一位坦桑尼亞作家，用英語寫作，在英國生活和工作)”可知，關(guān)于Gurnah的說法中，B選項“他采用英語作為他的文學(xué)語言”正確。故選B。
6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““I thought it was a prank,” he said. “These things are usually floated for weeks in advance, or sometimes months beforehand, about who are the winners, so it was not something that was in my mind at all. I was just thinking, I wonder who’ll get it?”(他說：“我以為這是個惡作劇，關(guān)于誰是贏家，這些事情通常會提前幾周，有時是幾個月，所以我根本沒有考慮過。我在想，不知道誰會得到它？”)”可推知，Gurnah獲獎后的第一反應(yīng)是驚訝。故選C。
【7題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“His longtime editor, Alexandra Pringle at Bloomsburg, said Gurnah’s win was “most deserved” for a writer who has not previously received due recognition.(他在布盧姆斯堡的長期編輯Alexandra Pringle表示，對于一位此前從未獲得應(yīng)有認可的作家來說，Gurnah的獲獎是“當之無愧的”)”可知，Alexandra Pringle認為Gurnah的獲獎是一個遲來的認可。故選A。
C
How much free time do you need to be happier？Feeling overwhelmed by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir（靈丹妙藥） like many of us have dreamed.
Researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being（幸福） -but only up to a point. People who had up to two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. “While too little time is bad, having more time is not always better,” said Marissa Sharif, an assistant professor of marketing at The Wharton School. For example, some adults struggle with the “retirement blues”, which can be due to a lack of stimulation and structure, among other things. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things（like exercising） or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV).
Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day-but only if they used it unproductively. “In other words, how people use their free time matters,” Sharif said. “Of course, what feels ‘productive’ is up to you. Free-time activities like knitting, reading, cooking or gaming are also known to put people in a state of flow. In cases when people do find themselves with excessive（過多的）amounts of spare time, such as retirement or having left a job,” Sharif said, “our results suggest these individuals would benefit from spending their newfound time with purpose.”
8. What is the finding of the new study?
A. Adults tend to feel happy in their free time.
B. Being too busy threatens people’s physical health.
C. More free time does not definitely mean more happiness.
D. More and more people have little spare time.
9. Why does the author mention the example in Paragraph 2?
A. To emphasize the significance of spending free time.
B. To indicate the reasons for adults’ being upset.
C. To forecast the retirement life in the future.
D. To prove the discovery of the new research
10. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The requirements of the experiment
B. The significance of the experiment.
C. The consequence of the experiment.
D. The purpose of the experiment.
11. What can we infer from Sharif’s words in the last paragraph?
A. Taking good advantage of free time will help bring people happiness.
B. Attending too many activities may damage people’s health.
C. Spending spare time with friends often benefits people a lot.
D. Having little free time may result in anxiety.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了新的研究表明，更多的空閑時間可能并不是我們許多人夢想的神奇靈丹妙藥。擁有更多自由時間的人通常會有更高水平的主觀幸福感，但只是在一定程度上如此。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“but new research suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir（靈丹妙藥） like many of us have dreamed. ”（但新的研究表明，更多的空閑時間可能并不是我們許多人夢想的神奇靈丹妙藥。）以及第二段開頭“Researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being（幸福） -but only up to a point.”（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有更多自由時間的人通常會有更高水平的主觀幸福感，但只是在一定程度上。）可以得知，更多的自由時間并不能完全意為著幸福。故選C項。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知作者詳細的介紹了那些擁有更多的自由時間的人并不能完全意為著幸福，并且舉了Marissa Sharif, an assistant professor of marketing at The Wharton School（沃頓商學(xué)院市場營銷學(xué)助理教授瑪麗莎·沙里夫）提出的例子。以及呼應(yīng)第一段中“more free time might not be the magic elixir（靈丹妙藥） like many of us have dreamed.”（更多的空閑時間可能并不是我們許多人夢想的神奇靈丹妙藥。）故得知，第二段提出的例子是證明研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項。
【10題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day-but only if they used it unproductively.”（研究參與者認為，如果他們白天有大量的空閑時間，他們的幸福感會受到影響，但前提是他們沒有效率地利用這些時間。）可知，第三段主要在說實驗的要求。故選A項。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sharif said. “Of course, what feels ‘productive’ is up to you.
”（謝里夫說:“換句話說，人們?nèi)绾卫每臻e時間很重要。）根據(jù)第三段“Sharif said, “our results suggest these individuals would benefit from spending their newfound time with purpose.””（Sharif 說,”我們的研究結(jié)果表明，這些個體將從有目的地利用新發(fā)現(xiàn)的時間中受益”）可知，通過Sharif的話，可以推斷充分利用空閑時間將有助于給人們帶來快樂。故選A項。
D
Set to launch on October 16, the Lucy spacecraft is designed to study Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids. These asteroids are small bodies left over from the formation of our solar system’s large planets. They share an orbit with Jupiter as the planet goes around the sun The mission’s aim is to gather new information about the solar system’s formation 4.5 billion years ago.
Lucy will observe eight asteroids over 12 years. One of the eight asteroids orbits in what is known as the Asteroid Belt, an area between Mars and Jupiter. Most known asteroids orbit within this area. The spacecraft will also observe seven Trojan asteroids. Scientists consider the Trojan asteroids to be the ancient remains of the formation of the solar system. They have stayed captured in Jupiter’s orbit for billions of years. The Trojans orbit the sun in two groups—one that’s ahead of Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, and a second one that lags behind it. Lucy will be the first spacecraft designed to visit and observe these asteroids.
The spacecraft was named Lucy after the ancient fossil discovered in Ethiopia in 1974. Lucy was one of the most famous scientific finds of the 20th century. The collection of skeletal bones gave scientists a better understanding of the evolution of humans. Cathy Olkin, the deputy lead investigator for the Lucy mission, compared the NASA spacecraft to the Lucy fossil. “Just like the Lucy fossil transformed our understanding of human evolution, the Lucy mission will transform our understanding of solar system evolution,” she said.
The spacecraft is equipped with several imaging instruments designed to capture information about the composition of materials on the surface of asteroids. Other equipment will be used to record asteroid surface temperatures and measure the size of the objects the spacecraft observes. Lucy will depend on solar power to operate. NASA says the mission expects to set a record because Lucy will travel farther from the sun than any past solar powered spacecraft.
Lori Glaze, the director of NASA’s planetary science division, said, “Whatever Lucy finds will give us vital clues about the formation of our solar system.”
12. What is the mission of the Lucy spacecraft?
A. To collect soil samples from Jupiter. B. To explore the surface of Trojan asteroids.
C. To search for life on Mars. D. To find out the origin of solar system.
13. What does the underlined word “l(fā)ags” possibly mean in the second paragraph?
A. Moves. B. Catches. C. Leads. D. Hides.
14. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The evolution of humans. B. The significance of the Lucy mission.
C. The inspiration for the name Lucy. D. The introduction to the Lucy fossil.
15. What do we know about the Lucy spacecraft?
A. It moves a little slow with its big size. B. It has an imaging instrument.
C. It gets closer to the sun than other spacecraft. D. It is powered by solar energy.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“露西”號宇宙飛船定于10月16日發(fā)射，介紹了“露西”號的任務(wù)以及名字的靈感來源等情況。
【12題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The mission’s aim is to gather new information about the solar system’s formation 4.5 billion years ago.(該任務(wù)的目的是收集有關(guān)45億年前太陽系形成的新信息)”可知，“露西”號宇宙飛船的任務(wù)是查明太陽系的起源。故選D。
【13題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“The Trojans orbit the sun in two groups—one that’s ahead of Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, and a second one that”可知，特洛伊小行星分兩組圍繞太陽運行——一組在木星之前，木星是太陽系中最大的行星，另一組在木星后面移動。劃線詞意思是“移動”。A. Moves.移動；B. Catches.抓??；C. Leads.帶領(lǐng)；D. Hides.隱藏。故選A。
【14題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)“The spacecraft was named Lucy after the ancient fossil discovered in Ethiopia in 1974. Lucy was one of the most famous scientific finds of the 20th century. The collection of skeletal bones gave scientists a better understanding of the evolution of humans. Cathy Olkin, the deputy lead investigator for the Lucy mission, compared the NASA spacecraft to the Lucy fossil. “Just like the Lucy fossil transformed our understanding of human evolution, the Lucy mission will transform our understanding of solar system evolution,” she said.(這艘宇宙飛船以1974年在埃塞俄比亞發(fā)現(xiàn)的古化石命名為露西。露西是20世紀最著名的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。這些骨骼的收集讓科學(xué)家們更好地了解了人類的進化?！奥段鳌比蝿?wù)的副首席調(diào)查員Cathy Olkin將美國宇航局的航天器與“露西”化石進行了比較?！熬拖瘛段鳌淖兞宋覀儗θ祟愡M化的理解一樣，‘露西’任務(wù)也將改變我們對太陽系進化的理解，”她說)”可知，第三段主要講的是“露西”這個名字的靈感來源。故選C。
【15題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Lucy will depend on solar power to operate.(“露西”號將依靠太陽能來運作)”可知，露西號宇宙飛船由太陽能供電。故選D。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題25分，滿分12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
How to Overcome Jealousy
Everyone feels a little jealous once in a while — maybe someone was acting better than you, or maybe your best friend has been having much fun with a new coworker.
However, ____16____ they can actually cause a conflict between you and the person you want to be closest to. To save the relationship and get some peace of mind, take some time to sort through your feelings before you act on them.
Admit how you’re feeling to yourself before you do anything else. If you notice you’re feeling a little jealous, take a few minutes to check in with yourself. It’s perfectly normal to get jealous once in a while, so don’t judge your feelings — just let yourself acknowledge that’s what’s going on.____17____.
Don’t act on your jealousy while you’re upset.____18____. There’s nothing wrong with simply feeling jealous — it happens to everyone, However, feeling jealous doesn’t mean you have to withdraw from your partner, or accuse them of anything. If you can observe how you’re feeling without acting on it, you may actually feel your jealousy starting to decrease.
____19____. Focus on your positive qualities. Jealousy can sometimes be rooted in insecurity and low self-esteem. However, it’s really important to remember that you re unique, with your own special talents. When you can embrace these, you’ll be less likely to feel jealous or insecure.
Remember that other people have problems, too.____20____. That can sometimes fuel jealous feelings, because you might feel like you want what they have, or that they can come and take what you have. Don’t fall into that trap, though, — other people often have problems that you never know about, no matter what their life looks like from the outside.
A. if jealous thoughts become really disturbing.
B. when you are always jealous of someone.
C. Take some time to cool off so you won’t say anything you’ll regret.
D. It can be really inviting to look at other people and think they have a perfect life.
E. Embrace yourself for who you are.
F. Reflect on the root of your jealous feelings.
G. Sometimes, just naming our emotions can help us start to get some control over them.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了克服嫉妒的方法。
【16題詳解】
上文“Everyone feels a little jealous once in a while（ 每個人都會偶爾感到有點嫉妒）”引出話題jealous。A項“如果嫉妒的想法真的令人不安”，為下文“they can actually cause a conflict between you and the person you want to be closest to.（它們實際上會導(dǎo)致你和你想要親近的人之間的沖突）”的前提條件。故選A項。
【17題詳解】
上文“so don’t judge your feelings — just let yourself acknowledge that’s what’s going on（所以不要評判你的感覺——讓自己承認這就是正在發(fā)生的事情）”說明如果有一點嫉妒，不要評判你的感覺，只要讓自己承認發(fā)生了什么。與G項“Sometimes, just naming our emotions can help us start to get some control over them.（有時候，說出我們的情緒可以幫助我們開始控制它們）” 意義一致。故選G項。
【18題詳解】
上文“Don’t act on your jealousy while you’re upset（你難過的時候不要表現(xiàn)出你的嫉妒）”與C項“花點時間冷靜一下，這樣你就不會說一些讓自己后悔的話了”構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系?？梢砸鲞x項的內(nèi)容。故選C項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“However, it’s really important to remember that you re unique, with your own special talents. When you can embrace these, you’ll be less likely to feel jealous or insecure. （然而，重要的是要記住，你是獨一無二的，有你自己的特殊才能。當你能接受這些，你就不太可能感到嫉妒或不安全）”的意義可知，這段主要說明要正確地認識自己，接受獨一無二的自己。E項“擁抱真實的自己”。與其內(nèi)容保持一致。故選E項。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)指代關(guān)系，上文里應(yīng)出現(xiàn)下文“That can sometimes fuel jealous feelings（這有時會助長嫉妒的情緒）”中指示代詞That指代對象，D項“看著別人，覺得他們的生活很完美，這真的很誘人”正是助長嫉妒情緒的誘因，上下文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選D項。
第三部分 語言運用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Armenian musician Astrid Poghosyan ____21____ great pride in the Chinese name she picked for herself, Ma Xingxing. The given name “Xingxing.” literally meaning ____22____ is inspired by her Armenian first name, while the surname “Ma” is taken from Ma Chao, a famous ____23____ from China’s Three Kingdoms Period（220-280 AD）.
Poghosyan always puts all her ____24____ into the projects in which she is involved, whether they are offline or online events,____25____she believes that every little effort will help her realize her ____26____ dreams. “I believe music knows no borders, and that cultural exchanges via music are especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic,” she said.
Having studied and worked in China for 12 years, Poghosyan has now become a real China hand, versed in the country’s language and culture. Such a multicultural background has ____27____ helped her good at her current job because she knows how to use the ____28____ of a multicultural background in her work.
Her ____29____ for Chinese culture, including Jackie Chan movies and stories of Mulan, helped her ____30____ the difficult language-learning process. As she gradually ____31____ herself in the Chinese language and culture, she also started to make Chinese friends and ____32____ the vibrant city life of Shanghai.
“Since I first came to Shanghai, I have always been ____33____ by the kindness and friendliness of the people here. Even when I couldn’t speak Chinese, in the first days, everyone I met gave me a big ____34____, whether they were sanitation workers on the streets or cashiers in convenience stores. Their smiles have made me feel the ____35____ of the city.” she said.
21. A. takes B. make C. lose D. gives
22. A. flowers B. beauty C. stars D. success
23. A. philosopher B. warrior C. doctor D. emperor
24. A. energy B. altitude C. encouragement D. dream
25. A. although B. so C. but D. because
26. A. music-related B. kind-hearted C. newly-made D. well-meaning
27. A. simply B. hardly C. possibly D. greatly
28. A. interest B. advantage C. progress D. confidence
29. A. career B. profession C. love D. contribution
30. A. put forward B. go through C. bring out D. take over
31. A. immersed B. divided C. forced D. applied
32. A. tolerate B. accompany C. explore D. polish
33. A. addicted B. convinced C. disturbed D. impressed
34. A. pride B. smile C. hand D. courage
35. A. success B. reality C. warmth D. achievement
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了亞美尼亞籍的音樂家波戈相熱愛中國語言和文化，為自己取了中文名字“馬星星”。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：亞美尼亞音樂家阿斯特麗德·波戈相為自己選擇的中文名字馬星星感到非常自豪。A. takes拿；B. make使；C. lose失去；D. gives給。根據(jù)下文“great pride in the Chinese name she picked for herself”可知，她為自己的中文名字感到自豪，take pride in sth.表示“為……自豪”。故選A項。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：名字“星星”字面意思是“星星”，靈感來源于她的亞美尼亞名字，而姓氏“馬”來自中國三國時期（公元220-280年）的著名戰(zhàn)士馬超。A. flowers鮮花；B. beauty美女；C. stars星星；D. success成功。根據(jù)常識，“星星”的字面含義是星星。故選C項。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：名字“星星”字面意思是“星星”，靈感來源于她的亞美尼亞名字，而姓氏“馬”來自中國三國時期（公元220-280年）的著名戰(zhàn)士馬超。A. philosopher哲學(xué)家；B. warrior戰(zhàn)士；C. doctor醫(yī)生；D. emperor皇帝。根據(jù)常識，三國時期的馬超是一名著名的戰(zhàn)士。故選B項。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：波戈相總是將全部精力投入到她所參與的項目中，無論是線下活動還是在線活動，因為她相信每一點努力都會幫助她實現(xiàn)與音樂相關(guān)的夢想。A. energy精力；B. altitude海拔；C. encouragement鼓勵；D. dream夢想。根據(jù)下文“into the projects in which she is involved, whether they are offline or online events”可知，此處表示波戈相總是投入全部精力到她所參與的項目中。故選A項。
【25題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：波戈相總是將全部精力投入到她所參與的項目中，無論是線下活動還是在線活動，因為她相信每一點努力都會幫助她實現(xiàn)與音樂相關(guān)的夢想。A. although盡管；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. because因為。根據(jù)下文“she believes that every little effort will help her realize her ____6____ dreams.”可知，波戈相總是投入全部精力到她所參與的項目中是因為她相信努力會幫助她實現(xiàn)夢想。故選D項。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：波戈相總是將全部精力投入到她所參與的項目中，無論是線下活動還是在線活動，因為她相信每一點努力都會幫助她實現(xiàn)與音樂相關(guān)的夢想。A. music-related與音樂有關(guān)的；B. kind-hearted善良的；C. newly-made新做的；D. well-meaning善意的。根據(jù)下文“I believe music knows no borders, and that cultural exchanges via music are especially important”可知，波戈相的夢想是與音樂相關(guān)的。故選A項。
【27題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這種多元文化背景對她目前的工作有很大幫助，因為她知道如何在工作中利用多元文化背景的優(yōu)勢。A. simply僅僅；B. hardly幾乎不；C. possibly可能地；D. greatly非常，大大地。根據(jù)下文“because she knows how to use the ____8____ of a multicultural background in her work.”可知，多元化背景極大地幫助了她的工作。故選D項。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種多元文化背景對她目前的工作有很大幫助，因為她知道如何在工作中利用多元文化背景的優(yōu)勢。A. interest興趣；B. advantage優(yōu)勢；C. progress進步；D. confidence信心。根據(jù)上文“Such a multicultural background has ____7____ helped her good at her current job”可知，多元化背景極大地幫助了她的工作，所以此處表示她利用多元化背景的優(yōu)勢。故選B項。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她對中國文化的熱愛，包括成龍的電影和木蘭的故事，幫助她度過了艱難的語言學(xué)習(xí)過程。A. career職業(yè)；B. profession職業(yè)；C. love愛情；D. contribution貢獻。根據(jù)上文“Armenian musician Astrid Poghosyan ____1____ great pride in the Chinese name she picked for herself, Ma Xingxing.”以及下文“for Chinese culture”可知，此處表示她對中國文化的熱愛。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她對中國文化的熱愛，包括成龍的電影和木蘭的故事，幫助她度過了艱難的語言學(xué)習(xí)過程。A. put forward提出；B. go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；C. bring out提出；D. take over接管。根據(jù)下文“the difficult language-learning process.”可知，此處表示她對中國文化的熱愛幫助她度過了艱難的語言學(xué)習(xí)過程。故選B項。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著她逐漸沉浸于中國語言和文化，她也開始結(jié)交中國朋友，探索充滿活力的上海城市生活。A. immersed浸沒；B. divided分開；C. forced強制；D. applied申請。根據(jù)下文“herself in the Chinese language and culture”可知，她逐漸沉浸于中國語言和文化，immerse oneself in表示“沉浸于”。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著她逐漸沉浸于中國語言和文化，她也開始結(jié)交中國朋友，探索充滿活力的上海城市生活。A. tolerate容忍；B. accompany陪伴；C. explore探索；D. polish拋光。根據(jù)下文“the vibrant city life of Shanghai”可知，此處表示她探索上海城市的生活。故選C項。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自從我第一次來到上海，這里的人們的善良和友好給我留下了深刻的印象。A. addicted使上癮；B. convinced使確信；C. disturbed使不安；D. impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)下文“by the kindness and friendliness of the people here”可知，這里人們的善良和友好使她印象深刻。故選D項。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使我不會說中文，在最初的日子里，我遇到的每個人都給我一個大大的微笑，無論他們是街上的環(huán)衛(wèi)工人還是便利店的收銀員。A. pride驕傲；B. smile微笑；C. hand手；D. courage勇氣。根據(jù)下文“Their smiles have made me feel the ____15____ of the city.”可知，最初的日子里，她遇見的每個人都會給她大大的微笑。故選B項。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的微笑讓我感受到了城市的溫暖。A. success成功；B. reality現(xiàn)實；C. warmth溫暖；D. achievement成就。根據(jù)上文“Their smiles have made me feel”可知，他們的微笑使她感受到城市的溫暖。故選C項。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Scientists say soft robot jellyfish that can swim through openings ____36____（narrow） than their bodies could be used to observe coral reefs. In future the “jellybots” could be sent into delicate environments, such as coral reefs, without risking damage. Their creators believe they could act ____37____ “guardians of the oceans”.
Dr Erik Engeberg, one of the robot’s ____38____（inventor） from Florida Atlantic University in the US, said, “____39____（study） and observing delicate environment has always been hard for researchers. Soft robots can help with this.”
The design of the jelly bot is based on ____40____ shape of the moon jellyfish. The team used a system ____41____（drive） by two impeller pumps（葉輪系） to allow the robot to swim.
Dr Engeberg said, “Soft robots based on fish and other sea animals ____42____（win） popularity in the research community in the last few years. Jellyfish, are excellent choices,____43____ that they are very efficient swimmers. Their ____44____（perform） is due to the shape of their bodies,_____45_____ can produce a combination of vortex（漩渦） and jet propulsion（推進）.”
【答案】36. narrower
37. as 38. inventors
39. Studying
40. the 41. driven
42. have won
43. in 44. performance
45. which
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了機器人水母在研究和觀察脆弱的環(huán)境的作用和原因。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：科學(xué)家說能夠穿過比它們的身體更窄的洞的柔軟的水母可以用來觀察珊瑚礁。根據(jù)than可知此處應(yīng)填比較級，故填narrower。
【37題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：它們的創(chuàng)造者認為它們能夠充當“海洋衛(wèi)士”。短語act as意為“充當、擔任”，故填as。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：機器人發(fā)明者之一，來自美國佛羅里達大西洋大學(xué)的Erik Engeberg博士說：“研究和觀察脆弱的環(huán)境對于研究者來說一直都是艱難的”。短語one of “……之一”后加名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“發(fā)明者”，故填inventors。
【39題詳解】
考查動名詞。句意：機器人發(fā)明者之一，來自美國佛羅里達大西洋大學(xué)的Erik Engeberg博士說：“研究和觀察脆弱的環(huán)境對于研究者來說一直都是艱難的”。此處and連接兩個并列的動名詞作主語，故填Studying。
【40題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：機器人水母的設(shè)計是基于海月水母的形狀。此處特指海月水母的形狀，故填the。
【41題詳解】
考查分詞作定語。句意：這個團隊使用一種用兩個來驅(qū)動的葉輪泵系統(tǒng)來使機器人游泳。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，system 后面的部分為后置定語，system與drive之間存在被動關(guān)系，故填driven。
【42題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：Erik Engeberg博士說：“在過去的幾年里，基于魚和其他海洋動物的柔軟的機器人已經(jīng)贏得了科研界的歡迎”。根據(jù)時間狀語in the last few days, 本句應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主謂一致，故填have won。
【43題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：水母是很好的選擇，在于它們的游泳是高效的。此處表示原因，in that意為“因為、原因是”，符合語義邏輯，故填in。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它們的表現(xiàn)是由于它們的身體形狀，這可以產(chǎn)生漩渦和噴氣推進。形容詞性物主代詞their后跟名詞，表抽象意義，不可數(shù)，故填performance。
【45題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：它們的表現(xiàn)是由于它們的身體形狀，這可以產(chǎn)生漩渦和噴氣推進。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，替代前面的名詞，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)，故填which。
第四部分 寫作 （共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
46. 假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Jack聽說中國正在實行“雙減”政策，來信詢問新政策下中國的中學(xué)生們應(yīng)如何規(guī)劃自己的學(xué)習(xí)和課余生活。請根據(jù)以下要點給他回信。
內(nèi)容包括
1. 你的個人建議；
2. 你對該政策的感想。
注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2. “雙減”政策：the policy of “double-lightening the burden”
3. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答
Dear Jack,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’ m writing to share with you how to plan our study and after-school life under the policy of “double-lightening the burden”.
Firstly, make full use of the time at school. Concentrating on our lessons and solving all the problems in time can help us better manage our time. Secondly, finish homework effectively, which helps us develop the ability of being attentive. Lastly, take up some healthy and meaningful hobbies to enrich our after-school life and gain some useful life skills.
Hopefully, the policy will relieve our study pressure, helping us grow up healthily and happily.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給你的美國朋友Jack寫一份回信，關(guān)于他詢問在“雙減”新政策下中國的中學(xué)生們應(yīng)如何規(guī)劃自己的學(xué)習(xí)和課余生活。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
充分利用：make full use of→ make the most of
集中注意力于：concentrate on→ focus on
開始做：take up→ start to engage in
壓力：pressure→ stress
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Concentrating on our lessons and solving all the problems in time can help us better manage our time.
拓展句：If we Concentrate on our lessons and solve all the problems in time, it can help us better manage our time.
【點睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, finish homework effectively, which helps us develop the ability of being attentive.（運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。）
【高分句型2】Hopefully, the policy will relieve our study pressure, helping us grow up healthily and happily.（運用了非謂語動詞中現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。）
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
It was Christmas 1961. I was teaching in a small town where my twenty-seven third graders eagerly expected the great day of gift-giving.
Each day the children made some new wonders-strings of popcorn, hand-made decorations, and German bells made from wallpaper samples, which we hung from the ceiling. Through it all she stayed indifferent, watching from a distance, seemingly miles away. I wondered what would happen to this quiet child, once so happy, now so suddenly unsociable. I hoped the celebrations would light her up. But nothing did. We made cards and gifts for mothers and dads, for sisters and brothers, for grandparents, and for each other. At home the students made the fried marbles（油炸玻璃彈子） and competed with one another to bring in the prettiest ones. As my gift to them, I made each of my students a little bag for carrying their fried marbles. And I knew they had each made something special for me.
The day of gift giving finally came. We oohed and aahed over our handwork as the presents were exchanged. But she sat quietly watching. I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her smile. She opened it so slowly and carefully. I waited but she turned away. I had not passed through the wall of isolation she had built around herself.
After school the children left in little groups, but she hesitated, watching them go out of the door. I sat down in a child-sized chair to catch my breath, hardly knowing what was happening when she came to me reaching out her hands, holding a small white box unwrapped and slightly soiled, as though it had been held many times by unwashed, childish hands. She said nothing.
注意:1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
“For me?” I asked with a weak smile.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I carefully held out the chain.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, nodding her head. I took the box and carefully opened it. There inside, lay a golden chain. An idea suddenly occurred to me—she had made it for her mother, who would never again hold her or brush her hair or share a funny story. We couldn’t see any smile on her face after her mother passed away three weeks before. I stood there, not knowing how to comfort her well.
I carefully held out the chain. She took it, putting it on at the back of my neck. She stepped back as if to see whether all was well. I looked down at the golden chain, then back at her, “Maria, it is so beautiful. She would have loved it.” Neither of us could stop the tears. She threw herself into my arms, her eyes filled with tears. At that moment I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest gift of all: herself.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了1961年的圣誕節(jié)，作者在一個小鎮(zhèn)上教三年級。班上27個學(xué)生都在熱切地準備著這個互贈禮物的好日子。其中一個女孩在整個過程中，都無動于衷，只是遠遠地看著。我想知道這個安靜的孩子發(fā)生了什么事，我為她做了一個特別的包希望能看到她的笑容，但是卻沒有什么用。在贈送禮物的日子，她向我走來，手里拿著一個白色的盒子，什么也沒說。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“給我的？我微微一笑?！?可知，第一段可描寫作者在接受女孩贈送的“金色鏈子”禮物之后，接下來女孩的行為舉動。。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我小心地把鏈子遞給他。” 可知，第二段可描寫作者把金鏈子再次還給女孩后，女孩接下來的行為舉動。。
2.續(xù)寫線索：接受禮物——打開看到禮物——女孩的行為——再次返還禮物——女孩的行為——作者的感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
突然意識到：occur to sb./ suddenly realize
伸出：held out/reach out/stretch out
充滿著：filled with/full of
情緒類
①.喜歡：loved it/be fond of/like
②.安慰，緩解：comfort/relieve
【點睛】[高分句型1]. she had made it for her mother, who would never again hold her or brush her hair or share a funny story.（運用了who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，her mother在從句中作主語。）
[高分句型2]. She took it, putting it on at the back of my neck.（運用了非謂語動詞中現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。）
[高分句型3].At that moment I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest gift of all: herself.（運用了for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。）
聽力答案：1-5CBBCA 6-10ABCAC 11-15CBAAC 16-20 BCBAB



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