英語長難句專項練習-課件下載-教習網(wǎng)

【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Scott Hahn says…。high-quality sustainable…find為says的賓語。which引導的非限制性定語從句which uses all-organic cotton修飾的是Rogan and Loomstate。cofounder with Gregory為Scott Hahn的同位語。
【譯文】Scott Hahn與Gregory同為使用全有機棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的創(chuàng)始人，他聲稱，高質(zhì)量的可持續(xù)使用面料仍然很難尋覓到。
2.Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,”he says. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Most designers…are finding…。there aren’t…used to為省略了that的賓語從句。that引導的定語從句that can just replace…修飾fabrics。what引導的兩個賓語從句what you’re doing和what your customers are used to作replace的賓語。
【譯文】他說，“大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有品牌設(shè)計師發(fā)現(xiàn)，并沒有匹配的面料能代替你正用著的和顧客們已經(jīng)適應的面料?！?br /> 3.Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企業(yè)家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為…Designers & Agents stopped charging…and gave special recognition…。who引導的定語從句who attend its…York修飾entrepreneurs，whose引導的定語從句whose collections are…sustainable修飾designers。
【譯文】去年，頗具影響力的Designers & Agents對參加其在洛杉磯和紐約舉辦的兩次春季展覽的年輕環(huán)保企業(yè)家們實行免費入場，同時給予那些作品中包括至少四分之一可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計師們以特別表彰。
4.This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (過渡型的) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Wal-Mart is set to announce a…initiative。aimed…organic 為后置定語，修飾initiative。冒號后的句子it will buy…prices即initiative的內(nèi)容，相當于initiative的同位語從句。helping to…sustainable作伴隨狀語。
【譯文】本周沃爾瑪特打算宣布一大重要舉措，旨在幫助種植棉花的農(nóng)民走有機種植之路：它將以稍高價收購過渡型的棉花，以此幫助擴大一種主要的可持續(xù)使用面料的供應量。
5.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (縷) of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Scientists have devised a way…。a technique為a way的同位語。where引導的賓語從句where…lived作determine的賓語。using…h(huán)air為現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語。that引導的定語從句that…victims修飾technique。
【譯文】科學家已經(jīng)設(shè)計出一個方法，憑借人的一縷頭發(fā)便能大致確定某人曾經(jīng)居住過的地點，這項技術(shù)可能能夠幫助跟蹤鎖定犯罪嫌疑人或不明身份案件受害人的活動場所。
6.Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Todd Park said…。a local detective為Todd Park的同位語。the method has…為省略了引導詞that的賓語從句，該賓語從句中又包含一個由whose引導的定語從句whose skeleton…Lake，修飾的是woman。
【譯文】當?shù)氐膫商絋odd Park說這個方法幫助他了解到關(guān)于一具在大鹽湖附近發(fā)現(xiàn)的不明身份女尸骸的更多信息。
7.He had a perfect résuméand gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,”so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為He had a…résuméand gave…responses, but the fact…said untrustworthy…so she decided…。從句that he never looked her in the eye為the fact的同位語。and連接He的兩個謂賓，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，so則表結(jié)果。
【譯文】這位應試者的履歷非常完美，并且對她的問題回答得不錯，但是，他不敢正視她這一事實意味著“不值得信賴”，因此她決定把工作留給第二個候選人。
8.When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed (有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句為we begin to realize…，從句為When引導的時間狀語從句When we…etc.。主句中包括一個由that引導的賓語從句that some…values，作realize的賓語。從句中包含了一個由what引導的賓語從句what we think，作challenge的賓語；而think后又帶了一個省略引導詞的賓語從句we have learned from…etc.。
【譯文】當我們開始質(zhì)疑自己的假設(shè)，并且向那些我們認為是從我們的過去、媒體、同輩、家人、朋友等那里學到的東西發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)的時候，我們就開始意識到我們的結(jié)論有些是有缺陷的，或者說與我們的基本價值是相違背的。
9.We need to train ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone. (2009年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為We need to…。to后帶了三個并列的不定式，分別是train ourselves to think，shift our mindsets和realize，而that引導的賓語從句that diversity opens…us則作realize的賓語。creating…communities作伴隨狀語，該狀語中又包括一個由that引導的定語從句that benefit everyone，修飾的是opportunities。
【譯文】我們需要訓練自己用不同的思維方式去思考，轉(zhuǎn)變我們的思維，并且意識到多元化的大門向我們每一個人開放，這樣就能創(chuàng)造機會，使組織和社區(qū)中的每一個人都受益。
10.They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez, if it could happen to him, …’(2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句為They only come in，從句為when引導的時間狀語從句。從
句中包含兩個由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)a friend drops dead和they think…?！瓽eez…’為think 的賓語，該賓語的省略號里其實省略了與it could happen to him結(jié)構(gòu)對應的it could happen to me too。
【譯文】某個朋友在打高爾夫時猝死，他們會想：‘天啊，如果這能在他身上發(fā)生……’，只有這個時候他們才會來(醫(yī)院)。
11.He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為He believes…diseases…could be addressed…。that引導的定語從句that commonly affect men修飾most diseases。by preventive check-ups為be addressed 的方式狀語。
【譯文】他相信，那些經(jīng)常感染男性的疾病大多數(shù)都可以通過預防性的檢查來處理掉。12.
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, coworkers, strangers —and anyone who will listen. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Shoppers seldom complain to…but…will alert…。破折號在這里起到強調(diào)或引起別人注意破折號后面要說的話的作用。在破折號后，who引導的定語從句who will listen修飾的是anyone。
【譯文】顧客很少向經(jīng)理或者零售店的老板投訴，相反，他們會轉(zhuǎn)而向他們的朋友、親戚、同事、陌生人——以及任何可以聽到的人吐苦水。
13.This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾those。
【譯文】這些引導消除了顧客在停車場無盡地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顧客之間因搶占空車位而引發(fā)的沖突。
14.Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filling complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為Customers can…improve…experiences。方式狀語by filling complaints to the retailer修飾improve future shopping experiences。instead of表示否定，其前后成分結(jié)構(gòu)一致，complaining前其實省略了by。
【譯文】顧客也可以通過向零售商投訴來改善今后的購物體驗，而不是向全世界其他的人抱怨。
15.A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.(2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句為A code of conduct is hard to create，從句為when引導的時間狀語從句when you’re living…last。從句中又包括兩個由介詞in加which引導的定語從句in which everyone is…sleep和in which nice…last，先行詞均為a world。
【譯文】當你生活在一個每個人都因加班工作、缺乏睡眠而筋疲力盡的社會，在一個好人最后總是吃虧的社會時，很難創(chuàng)造出一套行為準則。
16.This jumping to our children’s defence is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells”feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為…jumping to our children’s defence is part of…。what引導的賓語從句what fuels…feelings作of的賓語。that引導的定語從句that surrounds…children 修飾feeling。
【譯文】這種對孩子的急切保護，加劇了我們在處理別人孩子的事情時，那種“在蛋殼上行走”的感覺。
17.Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為you’ll die…。Assuming…term 為條件狀語。about 78 years for men in Australia作插入語，是對natural term的解釋說明，去掉后，句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和語義仍完整。
【譯文】假定你有幸活到了生命的自然盡頭——在澳大利亞男性大概是78歲——你平均也要比女性早去世五年。
18.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man。who引導定語從句,修飾 a 50-year-old man。delay后常接動名詞，表示“推遲做某事”。smoker’s cough指吸煙引起的咳嗽。
【譯文】兩個月前，古麗塔遇見一位50歲的男人，他耽擱了一年而未對吸煙引起的咳嗽做任何處理。
19.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，according to…是介詞短語。conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School作后置定語修飾a study。the last one to do sth.意為“最后一個做某事的人”。
【譯文】據(jù)沃德集團和沃頓商學院所做的一份聯(lián)合調(diào)查顯示，商店經(jīng)理總是最后一個接到投訴，并且通常是當他們的常客決定定期光顧他們的競爭對手時才發(fā)現(xiàn)。
20.“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,”said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句中的直接引語為復合句。句子主干為Retailers are more likely to smooth over issues than those, more…than是比較級結(jié)構(gòu)。第一個who引導的定語從句修飾Retailers，第二個who引導的定語從句修飾those。
【譯文】史提芬·霍克教授說：“與那些態(tài)度不友好的零售商相比，能夠及時作出反應且態(tài)度友好的零售商更有可能平息事端?！?br /> 21.But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and —without major technological breakthroughs —we can’t do much about it. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為the real truth is that…。that從句為is的表語，在該表語從句有兩個由and連接的簡單句we don’t know…warming和we can’t do much about it。兩個破折號之間的內(nèi)容是對we can’t do much about it的原因解釋。
【譯文】但真相是，我們對緩解全球變暖知道的還不夠多，并且——沒有較大的技術(shù)突破——我們?nèi)詫⑹譄o策。
22.We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句為We need economic growth，從句為unless引導的條件狀語從句。在從句中，we有兩個由and連接的謂賓：condemn…poverty和freeze…standards。
【譯文】我們需要經(jīng)濟增長，除非我們迫使世界上的窮人繼續(xù)窮困潦倒，不提高他們的生活水平。
23.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為The trouble…is that…。that引導的表語從句that it has become…one作is的表語，該表語從句中又包括一個由when引導的時間狀語從句when it’s really an engineering one。
【譯文】全球變暖的爭論很傷腦筋的地方在于，全球變暖其實是一個技術(shù)問題，但在現(xiàn)在的爭論中已經(jīng)變成了一個道德問題。
24.Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen —the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句主干為they will see you，從句為Whoever引導的讓步狀語從句Whoever it is。in a way為see you的方式狀語。you never intended to be seen為省略了引導詞的定語從句，修飾的是way。破折號在這里起解釋說明的作用，解釋前面的句子。
【譯文】無論是誰，他們都會以一種你所不愿意被看到的方式來看你——21世紀就好像是一個被人裸視的時代。
25.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Psychologists tell us…。us后接了兩個賓語從句，第一個賓語從句為boundaries are healthy，省略了引導詞that；第二個賓語從句為that引導的that it’s…times。按照規(guī)則，若動詞后跟兩個由that引導的賓語從句，第一個賓語從句可省略引導詞，但第二個賓語從句的引導詞必須出現(xiàn)，不能省略。
【譯文】心理學家告訴我們，隱私界線是健康的，在某些階段，某個合適的時間，向朋友、家人和愛人展現(xiàn)你自己很重要。
26.Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收費站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements.(2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Few people turn down a discount。at tollbooths為地點狀語。to avoid using the EZ-Pass system為不定式作狀語。that引導的定語從句that can track automobile movements修飾the EZ-Pass system。
【譯文】很少有人會拒絕使用在收費站能打折的易通收費系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)能夠追蹤汽車的行車
路線。
27.Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (優(yōu)惠券). (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主干為Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests。Privacy economist 作Alessandro Acquisti的定語。that引導的定語從句that reveal people…coupon修飾的是a series of tests。to在這里表目的。
【譯文】隱私權(quán)經(jīng)濟學家Alessandro Acquisti做了一系列測試，測試顯示，人們會為了得到少得可憐的50美分優(yōu)惠券而輕易地就將像社會保險號碼這樣的個人信息提供出來。
28.When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句，主句主干為you can understand the power，從句為when引導的時間狀語從句When you consider…Millionaire?。從句中又包含一個由that引導的賓語從句that nearly…Millionaire?，作consider的賓語。
【譯文】當你考慮到幾乎每四個美國人中就有三個看過電視游戲節(jié)目《誰想成為百萬富翁？》，你就會明白電視在與大量的觀眾交流方面的巨大威力了。
29.Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but —regardless of whether it is or isn’t —we won’t do much about it. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為Global warming…,but we won’t…about it。regardless of 意為“不管，不顧”；whether it is or isn’t 中的it指代的是并列連詞but前的句子。
【譯文】不管全球變暖是否是21世紀最大的環(huán)境危機，我們都不會為之傾注太多。
30.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”。as if 意為“仿佛/好像……似的”，引導方式狀語從句時謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反。put us on a path to a solution意為“找到解決之道”。
【譯文】阿爾·戈爾將全球變暖稱作一個“不愿面對的真相”，好像僅僅認識到全球變暖便能找到解決之道似的。
31.The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為The crumbs make it easy。make sth.+adj.+to do為固定用法；you leave everywhere為省略了that或which的定語從句；reconstruct后接了三個并列的賓語從句；digital bread crumbs為比喻用法，意為“數(shù)字碎屑”。
【譯文】你在任何地方留下的數(shù)字碎屑都會讓陌生人很容易就重新構(gòu)造出一個你來，知道你的身份，住所，和喜好。
32.Only when it’s gone do you wish you’ve done more to protect it. (2008年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。when it’s gone為狀語從句。Only在句首時，主句要部分倒裝，
即將助動詞do提前。
【譯文】當你失去時，你才會希望自己原來能夠多做點事情以保護好它。
33.But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干是the opening has made universities a powerful force。動名詞opening作主語，of后面都是定語，在這里a powerful force是賓語universities的補語。at the same time是時間狀語。
【譯文】但是同時，世界各國對商品、服務、信息，尤其是人員的跨境開放，已經(jīng)使大學成為加速全球一體化進程、增進互相了解和促進地緣政治穩(wěn)定的一股強大力量。
34.Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為并列句，but連接兩個并列的簡單句。句子主干為Objections led to improvements and a reversal, but the United States is still seen as unwelcoming。第一個分句的謂語是led to，其后有兩個由and連接的并列賓語，分別是improvements和a reversal。第二個分句里的as是副詞，連接補語。
【譯文】盡管在美國大學校長和商界領(lǐng)袖們的反對之下，簽證程序有所改進，留學生人數(shù)開始回升，但美國依然給許多人留下了不歡迎外國留學生的印象。
35.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句為復合句。主句主干為universities have become…global。In response to 連接方式狀語，其中包含了一個that引導的定語從句，修飾forces，that在從句中作主語。冒號后面的部分是三個并列的現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，解釋說明前面的句子。在第一個分詞結(jié)構(gòu)里包含了一個who引導的定語從句，修飾students。在最后一個分詞結(jié)構(gòu)里也有一個that引導的定語從句，修飾courses of study。
【譯文】作為對推進世界經(jīng)濟力量的回應，大學變得更加具有“自我全球意識”：大學從世界各地招來承載多元文化和價值觀的學生；大學把本校學生派往國外準備開拓全球事業(yè)；大學還通過開設(shè)課程，共同應對來自互相聯(lián)系的世界及為了全人類的利益發(fā)展科學而展開的聯(lián)合研究帶來的多重挑戰(zhàn)。
36.Yale professor and Harvard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為Tian Xu directs a research center。主語前面的部分都是它的同位語，說明身份。focused on作后置定語修飾research center；at Shanghai’s Fudan University是地點狀語；in collaboration with…則是方式狀語。
【譯文】由徐天教授(耶魯大學教授，霍華德·休斯醫(yī)學院研究員)所負責的人類疾病遺傳學
研究中心坐落在上海的復旦大學，其工作人員由耶魯和復旦兩所大學共同派人組成。
37.In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為changes caused…and…。caused有兩個并列賓語，分別是decline 和surge。seeking 是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾students。
【譯文】“9·11事件”之后，簽證程序的調(diào)整導致注冊美國大學的外國學生人數(shù)急劇下降。而同一時期前往澳大利亞、新加坡和英國留學的外國學生人數(shù)卻迅猛增長。
38.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (課程大綱), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.(2007年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句主干為DL signifies a course。主句中的in which引導定語從句，對course進行解釋說明，其中instructors和students是并列成分。While意為“雖然，盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句；從句中的offered 為過去分詞做后置定語，修飾instruction。
【譯文】雖然各個大學提供的網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程不盡相同，但是遠程教學通常會把課程公開，教師會把課程大綱、閱讀任務和課程安排上傳到網(wǎng)站上，學生們則通過電子郵件提交作業(yè)。
39.Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為I offered suggestions。Telling myself…h(huán)all為伴隨狀語，that引導賓語從句；guiding the young writer across the hall為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾writer。that 后的從句可改寫為I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【譯文】我一次次地告誡自己，這只是一個有些經(jīng)驗的作家在指導一個小作家成長而已，關(guān)于她的故事中的人物、沖突和結(jié)尾我都提供了一些建議。
40.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. (2007年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為it was a step。While意為“雖然，盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句。主句中，it指代stepping back，that引導定語從句，that 在從句中作follow的賓語,即a good first step；putting myself far enough away是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，to give her…if asked是目的狀語。
【譯文】雖然坐視不管對我來說并非易事，但這確實是一個不錯的開始。我會繼續(xù)這樣做，讓自己和她保持足夠的距離，給她空間，但同時又離她很近，以便在她尋求幫助的時候伸出援手。
41.Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain. (2007年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。句子主干為Not only do we evaluate the cause, but we also help provide therapy。Not only…but also…連接兩個并列句，否定詞組not only在句首，句子要部
分倒裝。在第一個分句里，which 引導非限制性定語從句，修飾第一個分句，which在從句中作主語。在第二個分句里，related to作后置定語修飾issues。
【譯文】我們不僅要找出疼痛的病因，幫助我們更好地治療；還提供綜合療法，治療與慢性疼痛相關(guān)的抑郁癥和其他心理與社交問題。
42.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. (2007年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為a sentence came out of my mouth。在句中用了全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“介詞短語+謂語+主語”。that 引導定語從句修飾a sentence，其在定語從句中作主語。冒號后面的部分是對sentence的解釋說明，作同位語。
【譯文】后來幾年前的一天，我說了一句話并最終成為我對任何和全部挑釁的回答：關(guān)于那個問題我再也不討論了。
43.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.”（2007年6月）
【分析】本句為復合句。句子的主干為The practice is…。that引導定語從句，先行詞為practice，that在從句中充當主語。of trying to edit as you write修飾bad habits，其中as引導時間狀語從句。what引導的表語從句what Elbow calls “free writing”為is的表語。
【譯文】這種可以幫助你克服在寫作的同時就試圖修改的壞習慣的做法便是Elbow所說的“自由式寫作”。
44.While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.（2007年6月）
【分析】本句為復合句。主句主干為they cannot work，從句為While引導的讓步狀語從句While you need to employ both to get to a finished result。在主句中包含一個由no matter how 引導的讓步狀語從句。in parallel為介詞短語作狀語，修飾work。
【譯文】雖然你需要同時運用這兩種思維來寫作，但無論你的愿望多么強烈，它們都不能同時產(chǎn)生作用。
45.Unlike physical energy, which is limited and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringings. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為emotional energy…upbringings。unlike 是介詞，unlike physical energy 作主句的比較狀語。which 引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明physical energy?！咀g文】體力是有限的并隨著年齡增長而減退，與體力不同，情感力量是無限的，跟遺傳和后天培養(yǎng)沒關(guān)系。
46.“Wellness”may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為“Wellness”may be viewed not as a state, but as an ideal。not…but…意為“不是……而是……”。兩個that 都引導定語從句，分別修飾a state 和an ideal。view…as 意為“把…看作”。
【譯文】我們最好不要把健康看成是一種人們可以達到的狀態(tài)，而應將其視為一種人們可以努力追求的理想。
47.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍縱即逝的) thought, the thought will die.（2007年6月）
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為the thought will die，從句為If引導的條件狀語從句。在從句中，包含一個由while引導的時間狀語從句while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought。從句中還包括一個listen to sb. do sth.（listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar）結(jié)構(gòu)。
【譯文】在你盡力想要捕捉稍縱即逝的靈感的同時，還要聆聽一個五年級的英語老師糾正你的語法，那么，你的靈感就會消失地無影無蹤。
48.Regardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為the popularity taps into our desire, our wish, and a longing。how 引導賓語從句，作regardless of 的賓語。our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated 和a longing for lost purity 是并列成分，作taps into 的賓語。
【譯文】不考慮賣得怎么樣，瓶裝水的流行正說明我們對健康的渴求，對文明的希望，以及對失去的純真的向往。
49.According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為some tactics include…。include 是及物動詞，后面需要名詞或者動名詞作賓語。句中placing，listing 和pouring 是三個并列的動名詞，作include 的賓語。介詞短語without even asking 是伴隨狀語。句末的if 引導賓語從句，該從句作asking 的賓語補足語。
【譯文】根據(jù)《華爾街日報》上的一篇文章，一些無恥的行徑包括將一些吸引眼球的瓶子放在桌子上以增加賣點，在目錄上列出商品的品牌但卻沒寫單價，或為就餐者倒瓶裝水而不問他們是否需要。
50.Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. (2006年6月24日)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為the highways have…。have 后的部分都是賓語。Built with safety in mind 是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，其邏輯主語是highways?，F(xiàn)在分詞dividing 作前置定語，修飾medians or barriers。
【譯文】這些公路以安全為建造理念建成，有寬闊的車道和路肩，標有中分線或裝了中分路障，還配備了長長的進出道路和為安全轉(zhuǎn)彎設(shè)計弧線道路，并設(shè)置了準入限制。
51.But since water is much cheaper than wine, and many of the fancier brands aren’t available in stores, most diners don’t notice or care. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為most diners don’t notice or care。since 表示“既然，由于”，引導原因狀語從句。和because, as 及for 有所不同，since 表明的是已知的原因。
【譯文】但是因為水比酒便宜很多，而且許多吸引人的牌子在商店里看不到，導致了就餐者沒有注意到或是根本不關(guān)心。
52.He must use the sounds of speech to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words (sentences), and finally interpret the meaning. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為He must use the sounds, understand the pattern, and interpret the meaning。to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words (sentences) 和finally interpret the meaning是并列的動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示目的。
【譯文】他需要用語音來確認所發(fā)出的詞，理解詞或句的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，最后解釋意思。
53.Perhaps it was the extreme contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為強調(diào)句型。強調(diào)句型It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who…用來強調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分，當被強調(diào)部分是人時也可以用who。
【譯文】可能是與日本社會強烈的對比才促使美國公司向女性消費者投入更多的注意力。
54.As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease —especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking and failure to exercise. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為the focus has been shifting。第一個As是關(guān)系代詞，引導定語從句，修飾的是整個句子。第二個as用于such as，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示舉例說明?！咀g文】就像我們看到的那樣，我們社會醫(yī)療保健的重心已經(jīng)由治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)變到了預防疾病，尤其表現(xiàn)在改變不健康行為，如不好的飲食習慣，吸煙以及缺乏運動。
55.Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句Reaching…is Iceberg Water為倒裝句，正常語序應為Iceberg Water is reaching new peaks of popularity，為強調(diào)Reaching new peaks of popularity而將其提前至句首。which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Iceberg Water。
【譯文】萃取自加拿大紐芬蘭沿岸冰山的“冰水”在北美的受歡迎程度一再創(chuàng)出新高。
56.Ultimately, however, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “l(fā)ess bad”but on creating completely healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or reused by industry again and again. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為our basic design strategy is focused not on being “l(fā)ess bad”but on creating healthful materials。that引導定語從句，修飾materials。however 意為“然而”，是插入成分。not…but…意為“不是……而是……”，連接兩個介詞短語。either…or…意為“或者……或者……”，表示并列結(jié)構(gòu)。
【譯文】然而最終，我們的基本設(shè)計目標不僅是簡單地關(guān)注于“較低危害”，而是發(fā)明完全有益于健康的材料，這種材料或可以無害地回歸土地，或可以被工業(yè)重復利用。
57.As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states —light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep —that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句主干為you pass through a sequence of sleep states。as引導時間狀語從句，表示“當……時”。that引導非限制性定語從句，修飾a sequence of sleep states，that在從句中作主語。light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep 是插入成分，具體說明states 的內(nèi)容。
【譯文】人們睡覺時經(jīng)歷了一連串的睡眠階段——淺度睡眠階段，深度睡眠階段，快速眼動睡眠階段——大約每90分鐘重復一次。
58.You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then duly(適時地) wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。句子主干為You program the clock, and it wakes you。at which 引導定語從句，修飾time，which 在從句中作時間狀語，at+時間是固定搭配，所以which 之前加介詞at，表示在某一具體時間點。句末的that 指代the latest time。
【譯文】將鬧鐘調(diào)好至你想起床的時間，它便會適時地在之前的最后一個淺眠期將你叫醒。
59.Home builders can now use materials —such as paints that release significantly reduced amounts of organic compounds —that don’t destroy the quality of the air, water, or soil. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為Home builders can now use materials。such as…compounds 是舉例說明，作插入語。第一個that 引導定語從句，修飾paints;第二個that 引導定語從句，修飾materials。
【譯文】房屋建造者們現(xiàn)在可以使用不破壞空氣、水或土壤的材料，如釋放少量有機物的涂料。
60.We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引導定語從句，修飾choices，that 在從句中作主語。to make choices 作opportunity 的定語。
【譯文】我們提供高質(zhì)量和健康的產(chǎn)品，提供做選擇的機會，他們可以選擇對世界有益的產(chǎn)品。
61.When we designed America’s first so-called “green”office building in New York two decades ago, we felt very alone. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為we felt very alone。when 引導時間狀語從句。
【譯文】二十年前，在紐約設(shè)計美國第一個所謂的“綠色”辦公大樓時，我們感到勢單力薄。
62.The “energy-efficient”sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis revealed indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為buildings revealed problems。過去分詞短語constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 作后置定語，修飾buildings；caused by materials 作后置定語，修飾problems。注意，過去分詞作后置定語，相當于一個定語從句。
【譯文】20世紀70年代能源危機后建造的節(jié)能型封閉性商業(yè)建筑暴露出由油漆、墻紙和地毯等材料引起的室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量問題。
63.So for 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials down to the molecules, looking for ways to make them safe for people and the planet. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為we’ve been focusing on these materials。looking for ways
to make them safe for people and the planet 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作目的狀語。
【譯文】因此，二十年來，我們集中研究這些材料，直至分子層面，以尋求方法使它們于人體和地球無害。
64.“As sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為“As sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,”says Eric Shashoua。介詞as意為“作為，當作”，后接名詞作狀語。what to do about it 作of 的賓語。a recent college graduate and…Research Laboratories 是Eric Shashoua 的同位語；a company created by the students to develop their idea是Axon Sleep Research Laboratories的同位語。過去分詞短語created by the students to develop their idea 作后置定語，修飾company。
【譯文】“我們自己作為失眠的人，開始思考做些什么來消除失眠，”Eric Shashoua 說。Eric 為應屆大學畢業(yè)生，現(xiàn)任由學生們?yōu)榘l(fā)展自己的理念而創(chuàng)辦的一家公司即Axon睡眠研究實驗室的首席執(zhí)行官。
65.The headband equipped with electrodes and microprocessor measures the electrical activity of the wearer’s brain, in much the same way as some machines used for medical and research purposes and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為The headband measures the electrical activity and communicates with a clock unit。過去分詞短語equipped with electrodes and microprocessor作定語，修飾headband。in much the same way…purposes是方式狀語。used for…purposes是后置定語，修飾machines。
【譯文】裝有電極和微處理器的頭帶與應用于醫(yī)學和研究目的的一些機器原理相近，測量佩戴者腦部電流活動并將信息通過無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳達給床邊的鬧鐘。
66.Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic(長久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為Interest has soared。過去分詞enhanced 作定語，修飾Interest，表示被動。that 引導定語從句，修飾shortages。
【譯文】近幾年來，由于長時間的人員緊缺，許多公司都跨出國界尋求人才，從而使得人們到海外尋求工作的熱情和興趣日益高漲。
67.Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use and the nature of the underlying soil. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句是簡單句。句子主干為Variables included…。并列結(jié)構(gòu)the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use和the nature of the underlying soil是included 的賓語。
【譯文】變數(shù)包括土地的坡度、人行道所能支撐的承受力、道路使用密集度以及下方土地的性質(zhì)。
68.Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the
Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, met many of the nation’s physical challenges. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為Bridges and tunnels met challenges。long-span, segmented-concrete和cable-stayed是三個并列的合成形容詞作bridges的定語。such as和like 表示舉例說明。
【譯文】跨度大、混凝土分割、電纜遍布的大橋，如路易斯安那州的黑爾伯格，佛羅里達州的陽光大道；還有著名的隧道，如馬里蘭州的福特馬克亨利，華盛頓州的貝克山，這些建筑的建設(shè)都遇到了許多國內(nèi)自然條件的挑戰(zhàn)。
69.Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only…but also 句型屬并列結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不僅……而且”，but also 可以省略。not only 在句首，句子謂語要用部分倒裝語序。
【譯文】公路系統(tǒng)不但通過提供運輸路線影響美國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，還帶動了一批諸如加油站、汽車旅館、酒店、購物中心等相關(guān)行業(yè)的發(fā)展。
70.An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand 是插入結(jié)構(gòu)，分隔了主語和謂語，意為“另一方面”。
【譯文】從另一方面來講，一位受過教育的母親，有更多在外賺錢的本事，并且能面對一系列完全不同的選擇。
71.His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為results have surprised psychologists。to be presented…in April 是不定式短語作定語，修飾results。
【譯文】他的研究結(jié)果令一些心理學家非常吃驚，他將在四月份奧地利維也納舉行的人機互動交流大會上為大家展現(xiàn)。
72.And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為economics provides guideposts。介詞短語with its emphasis on incentives 是economics 的伴隨狀語，分隔了主句的主語和謂語。that引導定語從句，修飾guideposts。why引導賓語從句，作explanation for 的賓語。
【譯文】因為本身強調(diào)激勵作用，經(jīng)濟學對于大多數(shù)女孩被剝奪受教育權(quán)利的原因作出了解釋。
73.Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women —ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work —still need to be done by someone. (2006年12月) 【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為jobs need to be done。that 引導定語從句，修飾jobs。ranging from…to…voluntary work 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，也修飾jobs。
【譯文】許多過去主要由婦女做的家務活，例如購物、準備晚飯、做義務家務，現(xiàn)在仍然需要有人完成。
74.In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為water was called the champagne and considered the best。for more than a century 是時間狀語。
【譯文】實際上一個多世紀以來，紐約的市政水一直被稱為自來水中的香檳，而且直到現(xiàn)在也被認為是世界上味道最好、最純凈的水。
75.Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school —the prophecy(預言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle(惡性循環(huán)) of neglect. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句是破折號后的內(nèi)容，前面則是prophecy的同位語從句。該從句包含一個while引導的比較狀語從句，其中又嵌套一個than引導的比較狀語從句，省略了從句謂語。trapping是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。
【譯文】所以，與男孩相比，女孩被認為沒有用處而只能待在家里做家務，而她們的兄弟卻被送去讀書——這樣的預言正如預期的那樣成為了現(xiàn)實，使女性陷入被忽視的惡性循環(huán)。
76.It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信風), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。主句為It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by…winds。which 引導非限制性定語從句，修飾failure。過去分詞短語driven by these winds 是the ocean currents的后置定語。
【譯文】這種現(xiàn)象首先出現(xiàn)在太平洋，并且被認為是由于信風引起的，信風會對洋流產(chǎn)生影響。
77.A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called strict, centrally controlled design criteria. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。主句為A government study recommended…, and Congress soon passed the…Act of 1944。which 引導非限制性定語從句，修飾Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944。
【譯文】一份政府研究報告建議在全國范圍建設(shè)總長33920英里的公路，國會很快就通過了1944年聯(lián)邦支持公路的法案，這項法案規(guī)定了嚴格的中央控制的設(shè)計標準。
78.Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個and連接兩個并列謂語。developed under the interstate program 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾systems和methods。
【譯文】在州際公路項目下發(fā)展的交通控制系統(tǒng)以及建筑方式很快影響到了世界范圍公路的
建設(shè)，并為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。
79.By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為highways have enabled…to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語。
【譯文】通過開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費品和服務能夠到達住在邊遠地區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人們那里，刺激周邊地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動、保健及其他福利。
80.The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為technological advances made it possible to enjoy…。it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導的從句作enjoy的賓語。possible 是made的賓語補足語。
【譯文】技術(shù)上的進步使中產(chǎn)階級也能享受到那些原來只有有錢人才負擔得起的東西。
81.The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個謂語并列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾clock, 表示被動?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語before rousing you 作時間狀語，相當于一個從句：before it rouses you。
【譯文】這種稱做“睡精靈”的鬧鐘可以測量睡眠周期，等待人們進入淺眠狀態(tài)后才將其喚醒。
82.The point in that sleep cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。句子主干為The point can affect and may have impact。and 連接兩個并列的謂語。which 引導定語從句，修飾point, at the point 是固定搭配，所以which 前面加介詞at。than 后面是how 引導的賓語從句。
【譯文】在睡眠中的哪個階段醒來將會影響到你之后的感覺，甚至可能比睡眠時間長短對你產(chǎn)生的影響更大。
83.While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry’s. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。句子主干為the government has granted her permission and she has returned to job。while 引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……的時候”。
【譯文】在她等待結(jié)果的同時，美國政府同意她繼續(xù)在本杰瑞公司工作，現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)重返工作崗位。
84.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to
start unless they receives a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition(點火) key. (2006年6月) 【分析】本句為復合句。主句為Modern cars are far tougher to steal。as引導原因狀語從句，比because 語氣弱。unless 引導條件狀語從句。beamed out by the ignition key 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾code。
【譯文】現(xiàn)代化的汽車就難對付多了，因為它們的引擎控制系統(tǒng)只有在接收到某個特定的認證編碼后才允許汽車發(fā)動，而這個認證編碼只有在轉(zhuǎn)動車鑰匙點火發(fā)動汽車時才能產(chǎn)生。
85.The first study to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為The study has found…。動詞不定式短語to compare…communications media 作定語，修飾study。that 引導賓語從句。as 引導比較狀語從句。twice 在這里意為“兩倍”，修飾likely to tell lies。
【譯文】首個關(guān)于比較通訊媒介相關(guān)的誠實度的研究表明，人們可能在電話中說謊的幾率是在電子郵件中的兩倍。
86.As the trade winds lessen in strength, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為the ocean temperatures rise。as 引導時間狀語從句?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語causing…作伴隨狀語。as much as是比較結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“和……一樣”。
【譯文】隨著信風強度的減弱，海洋溫度升高，導致了秘魯寒流從東部流入，溫度上升了5攝氏度。
87.The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為The system was launched and has been hailed。介詞as 在這里意為“作為，當作”。
【譯文】州際公路體系最終在1956年開建，并被稱道為那個世紀最偉大的工程之一。
88.He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為He says…。says 后接賓語從句。it 作形式主語，該結(jié)構(gòu)It + takes + (sb.) some time + to do sth.表示“（某人）……花費時間做……”。using a bare minimum of tools 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。
【譯文】他聲稱自己可以花幾分鐘就能教會一個新手用最少的幾樣工具偷到一輛車。
89.But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. (2006年6月)
【分析】本句為并列復合句。句子主干為Hancock says…。says 后是省略that 的賓語從句。從句中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是兩個并列的whether 引導的主語從句。
【譯文】但是Hancock 說問題的關(guān)鍵還在于交流的內(nèi)容有沒有被記錄，有沒有被重讀的可能性，是否即時發(fā)生。
90.If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient(收件人) uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions.(2006年6月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為find out…。第一個If引導條件狀語從句，表示“如果”；第二個if引導賓語從句，表示“是否”，相當于whether；because后說明原因。
【譯文】如果你提交的是英文簡歷，需要了解收件人使用的是英式英語還是美式英語，因為這兩種說法存在差別。
91.I wondered what I would do if confronted with a real midair medical emergency without access to
a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為I wondered…。what 引導賓語從句，作wondered 的賓語。if 引導條件狀語從句，從句中省略I were。
【譯文】我一直在琢磨，如果在半空中發(fā)生緊急事件，沒有醫(yī)務人員，沒有急救裝備，我該如何面對。
92.Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at least one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為flights are starting to install kits。介詞短語Thanks to more recent legislation 作狀語，thanks to意為“多虧；由于”。
【譯文】多虧了前不久的立法，至少配有一名乘務員的飛機上開始配備急救箱以應對突發(fā)心臟病。
93.The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility”of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為The logo would help facilitate expansion。along with the company’s…its chips 是插入語。
【譯文】這個標識，再加上公司建立起來的“無以匹敵”的薯片經(jīng)久不衰的市場形象，將會有助于加快公司的全球擴張。
94.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句是并列復合句。句子的主干為The executives acknowledge…but they deny…。but 是連詞, 兩個并列分句都包含一個賓語從句。后一個分句中省略了關(guān)聯(lián)詞that, 而句中的that 指代前句講到的那一種行為，即把各國的飲食習慣都轉(zhuǎn)到一種美國創(chuàng)造的食物?！咀g文】公司高層管理者承認，他們試圖把各國的飲食習慣都轉(zhuǎn)到一種美國創(chuàng)造出來的食物上；但是他們否認把這一行動等同于經(jīng)濟上的帝國主義。
95.While there’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句是復合句。句子主干為several studies suggest…。While 引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”，比although 或though 語氣輕。第一個that 引導同位語從句；第二個that 引導賓語從句，作suggest 的賓語。in which 引導定語從句，修飾situations。
【譯文】毫無疑問持續(xù)的壓力是有害的, 但幾項研究證明能夠應付的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的環(huán)境對人體是有益的。
96.As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded
“Is there a doctor on board?”announcement. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為I spend a lot time。介詞as意為“作為，當作”，后接名詞作狀語。who 引導定語從句，修飾physician，who在從句中作主語?！癐s there a doctor on board?”是announcement 的定語，說明具體內(nèi)容。
【譯文】作為一名醫(yī)生，我去過不少地方，在飛機上我多次聽過令人擔憂的“哪位乘客是醫(yī)生?”的通知。
97.Facing their children’s complaints of “nothing to do”, parents were shelling out large numbers of dollars for various forms of entertainment. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為parents were shelling out dollars。facing their children’s complaints of “nothing to do”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語。
【譯文】面對孩子們“無事可做”的抱怨，家長們不惜大把掏錢，讓孩子們參加各種各樣的娛樂活動。
98.In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain School District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators。as 引導時間狀語從句，譯作“當……時候”。blamed on mismanagement 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾shortage。
【譯文】當Vrain 校區(qū)設(shè)法解決因管理不善而造成的1380萬美元預算短缺的時候，多佛市北部社區(qū)的居民們都趕來熱心地幫助學校教師和行政人員。
99.“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise，”said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。主句為“Humans should not…love or exercise,”said Dr. Hans Selye。not…any more than 意為“和……一樣不。than they would shun food, love or exercise 是比較狀語從句。the first physician to…stress on the body是Dr. Hans Selye的同位語。
【譯文】Hans Selye 醫(yī)生說：“就像不躲避食物、愛情或鍛煉一樣，人們也不應該力圖躲避壓力，”他是第一位將壓力對人體的影響記錄下來的醫(yī)生。
100.In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done. (2005年12月)
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為those were more likely to say…than those。兩個who 都引導定語從句，都修飾those，但兩個those 指代的內(nèi)容并不一樣。they were in good health 是say 的賓語。more likely…than 構(gòu)成比較狀語結(jié)構(gòu), 意為“比……更有可能”。than引導比較狀語從句，省略從句謂語。
【譯文】2001年對158名護士進行的一項研究指出，那些工作量大卻能應對挑戰(zhàn)的護士比那些認為自己無法完成任務的護士更容易感到自己身體狀況良好。