能力演練
一、語法填空
專題訓(xùn)練（二） 動詞變化
動詞是語法填空題的必考內(nèi)容，動詞的主要考點(diǎn)有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、非謂語動詞、主謂一致等。非謂語動詞更是考查熱點(diǎn)。在本專題中,我們介紹幾個(gè)應(yīng)試技巧，讓你在考場上穩(wěn)操勝券。
◆技巧點(diǎn)撥
nly后接現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式都可表示結(jié)果，但nly ding是一般用語，nly t d則表示意想不到的結(jié)果。動詞、介詞后面要求接名詞或動名詞做賓語，如果所給動詞后有賓語，則將所給動詞變?yōu)閯用~，如果所給動詞后無賓語，則將所給動詞變?yōu)槊~。
(1)Jack went swimming in the lake,nly _______________(have)great fun with his fellws.
(2)Jack hurried t Tms hme,nly _______________(find)Tm was ut and the dr was lcked.
(3)He was gd at _______________(persuade)thers t give up their ideas.
(4)They just std there and stared at the stranger in _______________ (amaze).
句（1）單純表示結(jié)果，用having。句（2）的結(jié)果是Jack意想不到的，用t find。句（3）的persuade前有介詞，后有賓語thers，應(yīng)填入動名詞persuading。句（4）前有介詞，后無賓語，應(yīng)填入名詞amazement。
◆活學(xué)活用
（一）用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.She turned up the driveway,nly _______________(find)her way blcked.
2.Cmputers are widely used fr _______________(explre),including fr _______________(explre)space.
3.Her husband died,nly_______________(leave)her debts.
4.The by grew up day by day,nly _______________(becme)strnger and healthier.
5.Mike went swimming with his classmates,nly _______________ (drwn). 
（二）語法填空。
（2008年東莞一模改編）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。
Once there lived a rich man 1 (want)t d smething fr the peple f his twn.But first he wanted t find ut whether they deserved his help.
In the centre f the main rad int the twn,he placed a very large stne.Then he 2 (hide)behind a tree and waited, 3 (watch)what peple wuld d with the stne.Sn an ld man came alng with his cw.“Wh put this stne in the centre f the rad?” said the ld man withut 4 (try)t remve the stne.Instead,with sme difficulty he passed arund the stne and 5 (cntinue)n his way.Anther man came alng and did the same thing; then anther came,and anther.All f them cmplained abut the stne but nt tried t remve it.Full f 6 (disappint),the rich man was t g away and give up his idea 7 (help).Just then,a yung man came alng.He saw the stne, 8 (say)t himself:“The night 9 (be)very dark.Sme neighbrs will cme alng later in the dark and will fall against the stne.”
Then he began t mve the stne.He pushed and pulled with all his strength t mve it,nly 10 (find)a bag f mney under the stne.Imagine hw surprised he was!
二、 完形填空
A wman in her sixties lived alne in her little cttage with a pear tree at her dr.She spent all her time taking care f the tree.But the children nearby drve her 1 by making fun f her.They wuld climb her tree and then run away with pears, 2 “Aunty Misery” at her.
One evening,a passerby asked t 3 fr the night.Seeing that he had an 4 face,she let him in and gave him a nice 5 .The next mrning the stranger,actually a srcerer（巫師）,thanked her by granting（允準(zhǔn)）her 6 that anyne wh climbed up her tree 7 nt be able t cme back dwn until she 8 it.
When the children came back t steal her 9 ,she had them stuck n the tree.They had t beg her lng 10 she gave the tree permissin t let 11 g.Aunty Misery was free frm the 12 at last.
One day anther man 13 her dr.This ne did nt lk trustwrthy t her, 14 she asked wh he was.“I am Death.Ive cme t take yu 15 me,”said he.The wman thught fast and then said t the man，“Culd yu d me a favr t pick the glden pear n the tree?”Then man was s happy t “help” her and thus was immediately stuck t the tree.
B.painful
C.dull D.crazy
B.shuting
C.annuncing D.whispering
B.live
C.hide D.lie
B.hnest
C.anxius D.angry
B.kiss
C.treat D.smile

B.demand
C.permissin D.wish
B.shuld
C.might D.must
B.prmised
C.answered D.declared
B.fd
C.tree D.fruit
B.while
C.since D.befre
B.them
C.him D.her
B.questin
C.truble D.difficulty
int B.left fr
C.stpped at D.walked arund
B.but
C.althugh D.because
B.ff
C.upn D.fr
三、閱讀理解
專題訓(xùn)練（二） 閱讀中的猜詞技巧（6）
根據(jù)文章的綜合信息推測詞義
◆技巧點(diǎn)撥
根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系推測詞義是指運(yùn)用語言知識來分析和判斷相關(guān)信息之間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，然后結(jié)合上下文，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義或大致意思。在解題時(shí)，我們可以利用上下文的線索、暗示信息或單詞的作用和關(guān)系準(zhǔn)確推測詞義。如：
(1)“My sn has been in schl fr twelve years and he cannt write a sentence,” Tm shuted t the headmaster.“Yuve made him an illiterate”
解析：依據(jù)信息“上學(xué)12年”、還“不會寫一個(gè)句子”、“大喊大叫”，可知家長在指責(zé)校方，也就不難猜出illiterate意為“文盲”。
(2)One mistaken idea abut business is that it can be treated as a game f perfect infrmatin.Quite the reverse,business,plitics,life itself are games which we must nrmally play with imperfect infrmatin.
解析：前句說“關(guān)于商業(yè)的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)是商業(yè)可以看做完美的信息游戲”，而后句說“商業(yè)、政治、生活本身是非常不完美的信息游戲”，由此推之quite the reverse的意思是“正好相反”。
特別提醒：我們分6個(gè)單元介紹了閱讀中猜測詞義的常用方法。但是必須牢記，各種方法都是互相聯(lián)系的，都離不開對上下文的正確理解，所謂詞不離句、句不離篇講的就是這個(gè)道理。在解題時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該綜合運(yùn)用各種方法，根據(jù)對語篇的理解，結(jié)合上下文，對生詞或短語或句子的含義作出準(zhǔn)確的、合乎邏輯的猜測。
◆活學(xué)活用
（一）猜出下列句中劃線單詞的意思。
1.Dctrs believe that smking cigarettes is detrimental t health.They als regard drinking as harmful
2.The htair balln tk ff.It was buyant in the air as a rse leaf in water.
3.The cnsequences f epchal events such as wars and great scientific discveries are nt cnfined t a small gegraphical area as they were in the past.
4.The child is as fragile as glass.
5.He fell int a ditch and lay there,semicnscius,fr a few minutes.
（二）閱讀理解 
(2009年全國卷Ⅰ)It is nt easy being a teenager(13—19歲青少年)—nr it is easy being the parent f a teenager.Yu can make yur child feel angry,hurt,r misunderstd by what yu say withut realizing it yurself.It is imprtant t give yur child the space he needs t grw while gently letting him knw that yu,ll still be there when he needs yu.
Expect a lt frm yur child,just nt everything.Except fr health and safety prblems,such as drug use r careless driving,cnsider everything else pen t discussin.If yur child is unwilling t discuss smething,dnt insist he tell yu whats n his mind.The mre yu insist,the mre likely that he,ll clam up.Instead,let him attempt t slve things by himself.At the same time,remind him that yu are always there fr him shuld he seek advice r help.Shw respect fr yur teenager,s privacy.Never read his mail r listen in n persnal cnversatins.
Teach yur teenager that the family phne is fr the whle family.If yur child talks n the family,s phne fr t lng,tell him he can talk fr 15 minutes,but then he must stay ff the phne fr at least an equal perid f time.This nt nly frees up the line s that ther family members can make and receive calls,but teaches yur child mderatin(節(jié)制).Or if yu are pen t the idea,allw yur teenager his wn phne that he pays fr with his wn pcket mney r a part-time jb.
Ⅰ.根據(jù)短文寫一篇30詞左右的摘要。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根據(jù)所讀短文,選擇最佳答案。
1.The main purpse f the text is t tell parents _______________.
A.hw t get alng with a teenager
B.hw t respect a teenager
C.hw t understand a teenager
D.hw t help a teenager grw up
2.What des the phrase “clam up” mean?
A.becme excited B.shw respect
C.refuse t talk D.seek help
3.The last paragraph is abut hw t teach a teenager _______________.
A.t use the phne in a sensible way
B.t pay fr his wn phne
C.t share the phne with friends
D.t answer the phne quickly
4.What shuld parents d in raising a teenager accrding t the passage?
A.Nt allw him t learn driving r take drugs
B.Give him advice nly when necessary
C.Let him have his wn telephne
D.Nt talk abut persnal things with him
參考答案
一、
（一）
1.t find
2.explratin,explring
3.leaving
4.becming
5.t be drwned
（二）
1.解析：現(xiàn)在分詞做定語。
答案： wanting
2.解析：與后面的waited一起充當(dāng)并列謂語。
答案：hid
3.解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。
答案：watching
4.解析： 前有介詞withut，后有賓語t remve，應(yīng)填入動名詞。
答案：trying
5.cntinued
6.解析：前有介詞f,后無賓語，應(yīng)填入名詞。
答案： disappintment
7.t help 8.saying 9.will be
10.解析：nly接不定式表示意想不到的結(jié)果,年輕人沒想到巨石底下有一袋錢。
答案：t find
二、
1.解析:根據(jù)語境，孩子們是通過取笑、捉弄并偷梨等行為而使她抓狂，故D對。
答案：D
2.解析:shut sth.at sb.對某人喊叫，其余幾個(gè)詞均無此搭配，故B項(xiàng)正確。
答案：B
3.解析:由句意可知過路人是暫住一晚，故用stay。
答案：A
4.解析:由句意可知此人有一副“誠實(shí)的”臉，與下文的“ nt lk trustwrthy t her”形成反襯，其余各詞均不符合語境。
答案：B
5.解析:根據(jù)上下文可知，老太太是很好地款待了過路人，故選C。
答案：C
6.解析:由下文可知“任何爬上梨樹的人都不可以下來”是老太太的愿望，而不是“建議（suggestin）”，“要求（demand）”或“允許（permissin）”，故選D。
答案：D
7.解析:shuld與第二、三人稱連用，表示說話者的意愿，意為“就，該”。culd,might表“可能”，must表“必須”。
答案：B
8.解析:根據(jù)下文“ gave the tree permissin...”可知，此句句意為“……直到她允許，爬上樹的人才可以下來”，故選A。
答案：A
9.解析:上下文信息題。上文提到孩子們經(jīng)?！皉un away with pears”，由此可知此處是指偷她的梨，故D項(xiàng)正確。
答案：D
10.解析:根據(jù)行文邏輯，應(yīng)是孩子們苦苦乞求好久后她才放行，故用befre（過……才……）。
答案：D
11.解析:上下文人稱一致，句意為：讓孩子們下樹，故選B。
答案：B
12.解析:根據(jù)上文，Aunty Misery經(jīng)常被孩子們捉弄，梨也經(jīng)常被偷，現(xiàn)在有了這個(gè)“魔愿”，終于擺脫了那種“煩惱”，故選C。
答案：C
13.解析:step int 進(jìn)入、步入；leave fr動身前往；stp at 在……逗留；walk arund散步。根據(jù)情景，另一個(gè)人在她的門口逗留，而不是其他意思，故選C。
答案：C
14.解析:根據(jù)行文邏輯，上句提到這人看起來不可信與下半句她問他是誰之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確。
答案：A
15.解析:take sb.with sb.帶某人走；take sb.fr sb.把某人誤認(rèn)為……；其余兩項(xiàng)無此用法。根據(jù)情景，死神是來奪取Aunty Misery性命的，故選A。
答案：A
三、
（一）
1.解析：從als推知harmful與detrimental同義，意思是“不利的，有害的”。
答案：有害的，不利的
2.解析：從as a rse leaf in water（水中的玫瑰花瓣）可知buyant是形容詞，意為“漂浮的”。
答案：漂浮的
3.解析：從wars and great scientific discveries可知epchal的意思是 “重要的”。
答案： 重要的
4.解析：常識告訴我們“玻璃易碎”，此處用以描繪人，意思是“脆弱的”。
答案：脆弱的
5.解析：他掉進(jìn)溝里，躺在那幾分鐘，劃線單詞的意思是“半清醒的、半昏迷的”。
答案：半昏迷的
（二）
Ⅰ.
The authr gives us sme advice n hw t help a teenager grw up,including giving him space t grw,letting him slve the prblems himself,respecting his privacy and being ready t help him.
Ⅱ.
1.解析：主旨大意題。第一段最后一句已經(jīng)點(diǎn)明主旨，通讀全文也知本文的目的是幫助青少年成長。
答案：D
2.解析：從If yur child is unwilling t discuss smething,dnt insist he tell yu whats n his mind推知clam up意為refuse t talk。
答案：C
3.解析：A總結(jié)了段落大意，其余三項(xiàng)都太片面。
答案：A
4.解析：從第二段可知答案。
答案：B

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