?XCS2022屆高三年級第一次質(zhì)量檢測試卷
英語
第一部分 聽力
做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. 0:00. B. 9:10. C. 10:00.
2. What does the man's country export to Europe?
A. Copper and coal. B. Coal and wood. C. Wood and copper.
3. What will the man probably do next?
A. Check out of his hotel. B. Take some medicine. C. See a doctor.
4. What kind of novels does the man like most?
A. Horror stories. B. Detective stories. C. Science fiction.
5. When will the man have English classes?
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Saturdays.
第二節(jié) 聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。
6. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.
7. Why does the woman say sorry to the man?
A. She lost his computer.
B. She hasn't finished their project.
C. She took his iPad without permission.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。
8. What did the woman's father buy for her?
A. The jeans. B. The hat. C. The sunglasses.
9. Where did the woman get her belt?
A. At the stadium. B. In the hotel. C. At the theatre.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. How long will the woman's cycling holiday last?
A. Fourteen days. B. Ten days. C. Eight days.
11. Which meal is not included in the trip?
A. The breakfast. B. The lunch. C. The supper.
12. What would the woman do during the trip?
A. Bring her own bike. B. Cycle in the dark. C. Visit a farm.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. What nationality is Elsa?
A. Turkish. B. Mexican. C. Swiss.
14. What does Elsa like doing most?
A. Reading. B. Painting. C. Horse-riding.
15. When will Elsa travel to England?
A. In April. B. In May. C. In June.
16. What do we know about Elsa?
A. She is good at German. B. She is older than Sally. C. She has a pet dog.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What do all the members of the band have in common?
A. All do similar jobs.
B. All have musical training.
C. All play music for pleasure.
18. When did the speaker join the band?
A. Six years ago. B. Eight years ago. C. Ten years ago.
19. What does the speaker do in the band?
A. He is a guitarist. B. He is a singer. C. He is a dancer.
20. Where does the band perform most regularly?
A. On a cruise boat. B. At birthday parties. C. At weddings.
第二部分 閱讀理解
第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
World's Best Places to Visit
With a world full of fascinating destinations, choosing the perfect vacation spot can present a challenge. This list of the world's best places to visit is here for you.
South Island
New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies. You can also explore two of the most accessible glaciers in the world on the island's west coast or enjoy delicious food and wine.
Paris
Paris, the City of Light, draws visitors from around the globe who come to see impressive attractions like the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre. But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm. Get lost wandering along Paris' streets, or eat a croissant and relax on the banks of the Seine for hours.
Bora Bora
Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. The island's volcano, Mount Otemanu, makes for a great photo-op and the enthusiastic locals can help you catch the island's best sights during an off-road hike. To relax, head to Matira Beach for clear water and soft sand. Although a trip to Bora Bora is very expensive, most travelers say it's worth every penny.
1. Which spot best suits people who enjoy astronomy?
A. South Island. B. Paris. C. Bora Bora. D. Mount Otemanu.
2. What's probably the main attraction in Paris?
A. Light. B. Rivers. C. City life. D. Architecture.
3. What do South Island and Bora Bora have in common?
A. High travel costs. B. Cozy purchasing styles.
C. Friendly residents. D. Charming natural scenery.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了三個世界上最好的旅游勝地的情況。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies.(晚上，您可以前往約翰山天文臺，欣賞繁星點點的天空)”可知，南島最適合喜歡天文學(xué)的人。故選A。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm.(但真正讓游客愛上的是這座城市與眾不同的咖啡館、充滿活力的市場、時髦的購物區(qū)和無可置疑的魅力)”可知，巴黎最吸引人的地方可能是城市生活。故選C。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. (新西蘭南島處處都是美麗的風(fēng)景。 在這里，你可以通過徒步旅行或在世界第八大奇跡米爾福德海灣乘船欣賞峽灣國家公園)”以及最后一段中“Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. (雖然這個法屬波利尼西亞島可能很小，但它的熱帶美景彌補了這一點。 在這里，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的海灘和茂密的叢林)”可知，南島和博拉博拉島的共同之處是有迷人的自然風(fēng)光。故選D。
B
TOKYO, Japan—Maki Kaji, 69, the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose life's work was spreading the joy of puzzles, has died of cancer.
Known as the “Godfather of Sudoku,” Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didn't want to think too hard. Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single,” and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows, columns and blocks without repeating them.
Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit, after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times. Two years later, Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport.”
Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles. Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注冊) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.
Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido, Kaji started Japan's first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo. He founded Nikoli in 1983, and came up with the name Sudoku about the same time. In recent years, Sudoku, believed to be the world's most popular pencil puzzle, has come out in digital versions.
“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kaji's wishes and possibilities,” said Yoshinao Anpuku, who succeeded Kaji as Nikoli's chief executive (執(zhí)行官). Major Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores, as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.
4. What does the author think is ridiculous?
A. Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku. B. Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.
C. Sudoku first became popular overseas. D. Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.
5. What can we say about Maki Kaji?
A. He liked traveling a lot. B. He failed to enter the university.
C. He was a top player in Sudoku. D. He was committed to Sudoku spreading.
6. What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?
A. It's not for old people. B. It's registered abroad.
C. It was named after Kaji. D. It went all over the world.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. What Kaji wishes for. B. Why Kaji was great.
C. Who is Kaji's follower. D. How Kaji achieved his goal.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。“數(shù)獨之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌癥去世，文章介紹了他的部分生平以及數(shù)獨游戲的影響力。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit(離譜的是，直到2004年數(shù)獨在全球范圍內(nèi)出了名)”并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知，作者感到不可思議的是，數(shù)獨先是在日本以外的全球范圍內(nèi)火了起來，后來才在日本國內(nèi)被發(fā)掘。故選C項。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.(Kaji去了30多個國家推廣自己的謎題游戲)”可知，在推廣數(shù)獨的過程中，Kaji是親力親為的，與D選項“他承擔(dān)了數(shù)獨的推廣一事”相符。故選D項。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注冊) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.(數(shù)獨錦標(biāo)賽多年來吸引了100多個國家共2億人的參與。除了日本國內(nèi)數(shù)獨也從未進行注冊，這也驅(qū)使了其在海外的爆火)”可知，數(shù)獨堪稱風(fēng)靡全世界，與D選項“它走遍了全世界”表達含義一致。故選D項。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題?？傆[全文，“數(shù)獨之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌癥去世，文章介紹了他的部分生平以及數(shù)獨游戲的影響力。B選項“Kaji為何偉大”恰好切合文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B項。
C
For better or worse, many of us never forget those typical British school days—and with a site that now has over 32, 200 educational institutions as well as a growing number of users, you won't have to.
SchoolMates is a nice networking platform which offers a refreshing alternative to traditional social media in that the focus is on building more meaningful relationships and encouraging interaction between users. While social media sites are customarily designed to form an interactive online community, SchoolMates aims to help people find friends from their past.
“At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”
SchoolMates brings together more than 32, 000 schools, colleges, academies and universities across England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales and is aimed to help users get back in touch with former classmates. Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.
Chris was diagnosed with a tumour at the age of 18. He couldn't move and could only sit in a wheelchair. Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.
8. Why did Chris Goodwin found SchoolMates?
A. To make old classmates closer. B. To increase the number of users.
C. To help people make new friends. D. To replace traditional social media.
9. What does the underlined word “revive” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Review. B. Retell. C. Check. D. Control.
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. SchoolMates' target group is age-free. B. It's easy for users to search for information.
C. SchoolMates designed to be user-friendly. D. SchoolMates has the biggest number of users.
11. Which of the following best describes Chris Goodwin?
A. Smart. B. Ambitious. C. Generous. D. Demanding.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了SchoolMates是一個很好的社交平臺，它為傳統(tǒng)社交媒體提供了一個令人耳目一新的選擇，因為它的重點是建立更有意義的關(guān)系，并鼓勵用戶之間的互動。介紹了其創(chuàng)始人對于創(chuàng)立SchoolMates的想法和SchoolMates的特點等信息。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”(在SchoolMates，我們的使命很簡單。我們創(chuàng)建了一個平臺，旨在幫助人們重新建立聯(lián)系，并與以前的同學(xué)保持聯(lián)系，”創(chuàng)始人兼CEO Chris Goodwin解釋道?！拔覀兊木W(wǎng)站鼓勵人們重溫年輕時的特殊關(guān)系，讓他們回憶和朋友一起度過的暑假，難忘的學(xué)校旅行，以及那些不太難忘的時刻，比如糟糕的學(xué)校午餐。”)”可知，Chris Goodwin成立SchoolMates是為了讓老同學(xué)更親密。故選A。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches”可知，SchoolMates 為了鼓勵人們回顧年輕時的特殊關(guān)系，讓他們回憶和朋友一起度過的暑假，難忘的學(xué)校旅行，以及那些不太難忘的時刻，比如糟糕的學(xué)校午餐。故畫線詞意思是“回顧”。A. Review.回顧；B. Retell.復(fù)述；C. Check.檢查；D. Control.控制。故選A。
【10題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.(這個簡單易用的網(wǎng)站面向35歲以上的人群，這一人群占總?cè)丝诘?0%，用戶可以回憶和分享對話、笑話、故事、回憶和照片)”可知，SchoolMates設(shè)計人性化。故選C。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.(自從完成了計算機科學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)，他決心征服互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的世界，并擁有一個成功的在線業(yè)務(wù)，他沒有讓自己的殘疾成為放棄夢想的借口；在創(chuàng)辦SchoolMates之前，他曾有過成功的商業(yè)生涯)”可推知，Chris Goodwin是個有抱負的人。故選B。
D
We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.
John Marzluff, a professor from the University of Washington, has been studying crows for decades. He's explored the exceptional size and function of crow brains, their long life and lifestyle. “Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features,” Marzluff says. “You put those together, and it should sound pretty familiar.”
To top that off, just last fall other researchers determined that crows seem to exhibit a level of consciousness shown only in humans and very few of our mammal relatives. The breakthrough study published in Science showed that crows have an ability to draw on subjective experiences from the past in order to solve a task. This means the birds keep new information, or memories, in the front of their brains for extended periods, and use it in reasoning and dealing with new situations they meet.
That is, for people and crows alike, the forebrain deals with higher tasks, including reasoned decision-making, problem-solving and executive function. Taken together, these findings help explain the problem-solving and tool use in crows. The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.
“They understand the concept of hooking and-pulling and spearing and what tools are needed to do that,” Marzluff says. These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.
12. What does Marluff mean by saying “it should sound pretty familiar”?
A. He knows how to study crows. B. He was very familiar with crows.
C. The way crows live is related to humans. D. Crows have features similar to those of humans.
13. What can we infer about crows according to the passage？
A. They can draw pictures. B. They like to eat insects.
C. They use tools creatively. D. They existed for centuries.
14. What makes Marzluff think crows are more advanced than other animals?
A. Crows' special size. B. Crow's better reasoning skills.
C. Crows' longer life. D. Crows' way of raising babies.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Crows, Like No Other B. Legends of Crows
C. Crows, More Humanlike D. Evolution of Crows
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了隨著科學(xué)家對烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和行為了解得越多，發(fā)現(xiàn)烏鴉和人類很相似。文章詳細介紹了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(但是，科學(xué)家對烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和行為了解得越多，烏鴉似乎就越像人類)”以及第二段中“Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features(大腦大、壽命長和社交能力強，這些確實是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的特征)”可推知，“這聽起來應(yīng)該很熟悉”意思是烏鴉有與人類相似的特征。故選D。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.(例如，新喀里多尼亞烏鴉最近受到歡迎，不僅因為它能使用工具，還因為它能用各種材料制作復(fù)合工具。人們知道這些鳥會制造鉤子和鋒利的矛，用來在難以夠到的地方捕捉昆蟲。 在研究實驗室里，他們成功地彎曲電線來抓取里面有食物的籃子)”可推知，烏鴉創(chuàng)造性地使用工具。故選C。
【14題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.(這些推理能力似乎比研究人員在其他動物身上觀察到的原始工具使用——比如用石頭敲開貝殼和其他食物——要高級得多)”可知，烏鴉更好的推理能力讓Marzluff認(rèn)為烏鴉比其他動物更高級。故選B。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(我們早就知道烏鴉表現(xiàn)出非凡的智慧。 幾個世紀(jì)以來，這些鳥一直是傳說的主角。但是，科學(xué)家對烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和行為了解得越多，烏鴉似乎就越像人類)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了隨著科學(xué)家對烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和行為了解得越多，發(fā)現(xiàn)烏鴉和人類很相似。文章詳細介紹了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。可知，C選項“烏鴉更像人類”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。
第二節(jié) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
This summer, many areas of the US have been suffering historic droughts (干旱). Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.____16____. It also means hot weather, which can be hard to take.
____17____. Their civilization once thrived (繁榮) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities. One of the cities, Tikal, was built in what is now Guatemala. “It was quite a remarkable place, with temples towering above the top of the rainforest,” says Dunning.
Although the region is a tropical rainforest, Tikal was built in a place that got little rain for half the year. Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring. The Maya also did not have a system to reach groundwater. ____18____.
“As Tikal grew, people there would have had to cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.____19____ to meet their needs for wood and other resources,” Dunning says. Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed “bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”
The Maya would have used cut-and-burn techniques and let the forest grow back after a few years
Although the Maya changed the environment with their farming and other practices, they had much less impact on the climate than we do now. The Maya understood that they have to have balance.____20____ You'll pay a price, or someone will.
A. If you abuse the world, it's going to come back
B. At the same time, they left enough of it in place
C. So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater
D. They would have served different, important purposes
E. That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops
F. Tikal was home to tens of thousands of people during the years 600 to 800
G. Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了美國很多地區(qū)遭受了歷史性的干旱的事實，對比瑪雅人對環(huán)境的合理利用進一步分析了人類對環(huán)境的破壞導(dǎo)致氣候變暖的做法。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前句“Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.”（氣候變化給該國帶來了非常高的溫度和低于正常水平的雨雪。）可知E項“That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops”（這意味著可以飲用的水和用于農(nóng)作物的水都減少了）進一步說明了干旱帶來的不利影響，其中l(wèi)ess water to drink and less water for crops與前文less-than-normal rain and snow形成呼應(yīng)。符合本段語境。故選E項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Their civilization once thrived (繁榮) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities.”（他們的文明曾經(jīng)以其驚人的金字塔和城市建筑而繁榮昌盛。）可知此處應(yīng)該會提到一個偉大的民族，G項“Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems”（幾千年前，瑪雅人也遭受了同樣的問題）其中Maya people 與后文Their civilization的代詞形成指代關(guān)系，符合語境。故選G項。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring.”（此外，它沒有全年的湖泊或河流——盡管它確實有一個重要的泉水。）可知C項“So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater”（所以他們建造了水箱來收集和儲存雨水）其中collect and store rainwater與前文no year round lakes or river形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，表示因為沒有儲水的條件，因此需要建造水箱。故選C項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.”（砍伐周圍的部分雨林來飼養(yǎng)食物。）以及后文“Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”（鄧寧將其比作今天砍伐亞馬遜雨林中更大的部分來養(yǎng)牛吃牛肉的做法。他稱這種做法對當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境和全球環(huán)境的健康不利。）可知B項“At the same time, they left enough of it in place”（同時，他們也留下了足夠多的雨林）其中l(wèi)eft enough of it in place與后文chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef當(dāng)今的做法形成對比關(guān)系，表示瑪雅人對環(huán)境的利用是合理的。符合本段語境。故選B項。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“You'll pay a price, or someone will.”（你會付出代價，或者有人會。）可知A項“If you abuse the world, it's going to come back”（如果你不好好對待這個世界，它將會來討的）其中it's going to come back與后文pay a price形成呼應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A項。
第三部分 語言知識運用
第一節(jié) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
If not for the kindness of a stranger, Jamaican hurdler (跨欄運動員) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today.
The 31-year-old athlete took the ____21____ bus on the day of his semifinal race.____22____ in enjoying music, he didn't realize it.
“By the time I ____23____, I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’I'm not familiar with these ____24____,” he said.
Running out of time quickly to ____25____ another bus to the right place is almost impossible. The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____26____. Because of her, he made it with enough time to ____27____—and then compete in the men's 110-meter race that ____28____ him gold and his best time of the season.
Parchment was ____29____ to share the victory with the person who helped him. Parchment boards the bus that _____30_____ him to the same area — this time _____31_____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic.
He _____32_____ her, pulls out his medal and thanks her. “You were _____33_____ in me getting to the final that day,” he tells her,_____34_____ her the medal for her to see.
Parchment also shows his _____35_____ by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt and _____36_____ the money she had given him. And the thanks didn't _____37_____ there: Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official _____38_____ to visit the island.
Stojkovic later posted a picture of herself _____39_____ the shirt on her Instagram: “This is a great _____40_____from dear Handle. Perfect!” she wrote.
21. A. regular B. wrong C. punctual D. final
22. A. Lost B. Eperienced C. Skillful D. Successful
23. A. looked up B. calmed down C. walked around D. went ahead
24. A. seats B. athletes C. citizens D. surroundings
25. A. follow B. grab C. drive D. order
26. A. bus B. island C. race D. house
27. A. cheer up B. think over C. take off D. warm up
28. A. earned B. sent C. awarded D. offered
29. A. hesitant B. satisfied C. careful D. determined
30. A. turned B. delivered C. drew D. welcomed
31. A. mistakenly B. precisely C. casually D. intentionally
32. A. approaches B. invites C. interviews D. convinces
33. A. right B. vital C. wise D. friendly
34. A. saving B. returning C. handing D. leaving
35. A. gratitude B. ambition C. regret D. concern
36. A. counting B. checking C. repaying D. bidding
37. A. cancel B. spread C. stop D. continue
38. A. notice B. invitation C. decision D. agenda
39. A. displaying B. advertising C. holding D. wearing
40. A. comfort B. help C. gift D. blessing
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是記敘文。講述了牙買加跨欄運動員漢斯·帕卡芬特（Hansle Parcaphent）去賽場比賽，卻乘錯了公交車。正當(dāng)他焦急萬分之際，遇到了一位善良的奧運志愿者，這位志愿者幫助他及時感到了賽場，最后他贏得了金牌，非常感謝這位志愿者。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位31歲的運動員在半決賽當(dāng)天乘錯了公共汽車。A. regular有規(guī)律的；B. wrong錯誤的；C. punctual準(zhǔn)時的；D. final最終的。根據(jù)下文“No, this bus is not going the right way. ”可知，漢斯·帕卡芬特乘錯了公共汽車。故選B。
22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沉浸在享受音樂中，他沒有意識到這件事。A. Lost失去的；B. Experienced有經(jīng)驗的；C. Skillful熟練的；D. Successful成功的。根據(jù)下文“he didn't realize it. ”可知，帕卡芬特沉浸在享受音樂中。be lost in“沉湎于”，是固定短語，故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：到我抬頭時，我意識到：“不，這輛巴士開得方向不對?！盇. looked up抬頭；向上看；B. calmed down鎮(zhèn)靜下來；C. walked around四處走動；D. went ahead前進。根據(jù)上文“___2____in enjoying music, he didn't realize it”可推斷，帕卡芬特低頭在聽音樂，直到他抬頭看，才發(fā)現(xiàn)坐錯了車。故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不熟悉周圍的環(huán)境。A. seats座位；B. athletes運動員；C. citizens市民；D. surroundings周圍環(huán)境。根據(jù)上文“I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’”可知，帕卡芬特坐錯了公共汽車，因此推斷他不熟悉周圍的環(huán)境。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：快速趕上另一輛公交車去正確的地方幾乎是不可能的。A. follow跟隨；B. grab抓住，敢上；C. drive開車；D. order命令。根據(jù)下文“another bus to the right place”可知，要快速趕上另一輛公交車去目的地是不可能的，grab“趕上；抓住”符合語境，故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位跨欄運動員解釋了他是如何遇到一個奧運會志愿者付了出租車費讓他趕上他的比賽的。A. bus公共汽車；B. island島嶼；C. race賽跑；D. house房子。根據(jù)下文“he made it with enough time to ____7____—then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可推斷，志愿者幫助這位運動員趕上了參加跨欄賽跑。故選C。
27題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：因為她，他有足夠的時間來做準(zhǔn)備工作，然后參加男子110米比賽，贏得了金牌和他本賽季最好的時光。A. cheer up振作起來；B. think over仔細考慮；C. take off脫下；D. warm up作準(zhǔn)備活動。根據(jù)下文“then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可知，參加比賽之前要做準(zhǔn)備活動。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. earned贏得；B. sent送；派遣；C. awarded獎勵；授予；D. offered提供。根據(jù)上文“Jamaican hurdler (跨欄運動員) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today. ”和下文“gold and his best time of the season”可知，他贏得了跨欄金牌。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：帕卡芬特決定與幫助他的人共享這個勝利。A. hesitant懷疑的；B. satisfied滿足的；C. careful小心的；D. determined堅定的。根據(jù)下文“Parchment boards the bus that ____10____ him to the same area — this time ____11____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic. ”可知，帕卡芬特尋找?guī)椭哪莻€人，因此推斷他決定和這個人分享他的勝利。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地區(qū)的巴士，這次是故意的，然后乘車回來找到了那個叫特里賈娜·斯托科維奇的陌生人。A. turned轉(zhuǎn)動；B. delivered運載；遞送；C. drew拖；拉；D. welcomed歡迎。根據(jù)下文“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，帕卡芬特登上了送他到同一個地區(qū)的公共汽車，尋找?guī)椭娜?。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地區(qū)的巴士，這次是故意的，然后乘車回來找到一個那個叫特里賈娜·斯托科維奇的陌生人。A. mistakenly錯誤地；B. precisely精確地；C. casually偶然地；D. intentionally有意地。根據(jù)上文以及下文的“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，上次乘錯了公共汽車，再次乘坐同一輛車，帕卡芬特是有意的，因為他想要尋找?guī)椭娜恕９蔬xD。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他走進她，拿出獎牌感謝她。A. approaches接近；B. invites邀請；C. interviews面試；D. convinces使信服。根據(jù)下文“pulls out his medal and thanks her”可知，他走進她，拿出來獎牌給她看，感謝她。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天你對我進入決賽至關(guān)重要。A. right正確的；B. vital至關(guān)重要的；C. wise明智的；D. friendly友好的。根據(jù)上文“The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____6_”可知，這個陌生人付錢讓帕卡芬特及時趕到了賽場，參加了半決賽，因此推斷他說她對于他能夠進入決賽是至關(guān)重要的。故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴她，遞給她他的金牌給她看。A. saving挽救；B. returning返回；C. handing傳遞；D. leaving離開。根據(jù)下文“for her to see”可知，應(yīng)是把金牌遞給她看。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帕卡芬特還給了斯托科維奇一件牙買加奧林匹克馬球衫，并償還了她給他錢，以表示他的感激之情。A. gratitude感激；B. ambition抱負；C. regret遺憾；D. concern關(guān)心；關(guān)注。根據(jù)語境和下文的“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，帕卡芬特感激斯托科維奇。故選A。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. counting數(shù)數(shù)；B. checking檢查；C. repaying償還；D. bidding努力爭取。根據(jù)上文“a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare”和下文“the money she had given him”可知，帕卡芬特償還了斯托科維奇為他付的出租車錢。故選C。
【37題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：感謝并不止于此：牙買加旅游部發(fā)出了訪問該島的官方邀請。A. cancel取消；B. spread傳播；C. stop停止；D. continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)下文“Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official ____18____ to visit the island. ”可知，感謝沒有停止，牙買加旅游部發(fā)出了官方邀請。故選C。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：感謝并不止于此：牙買加旅游部發(fā)出了訪問該島的官方邀請。A. notice通知；B. invitation邀請；C. decision決定；D. agenda議事日程。根據(jù)下文“to visit the island”可知，牙買加旅游部發(fā)出訪問該島的官方邀請。故選B。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：斯托科維奇后來在她的ins上發(fā)布了一張自己穿著這件襯衫的照片：“這是親愛的漢斯送的好禮物，完美！”她寫到。A. displaying顯示；B. advertising為……做廣告；C. holding持有；容納；D. wearing穿戴。根據(jù)上文“posted a picture of herself”可知，斯托科維奇穿著襯衫拍了一張照片。故選D。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：斯托科維奇后來在她的ins上發(fā)布了一張自己穿著這件襯衫的照片：“這是親愛的漢斯送的好禮物，完美！”她寫到。A. comfort安慰；B. help幫助；C. gift禮物；D. blessing幸事；福祉。根據(jù)上文“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，襯衫是帕卡芬特送給斯托科維奇的禮物。故選C。
第二節(jié)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
While English speakers look back to the time of Shakespeare and Milton 400 years ago as a Golden age, Chinese look back far ____41____ (far), to the Tang dynasty 1, 200 years ago as their Golden age of literature.
A key feature of Chinese poetry is ____42____ it is concise (簡潔的). Each character places a thought, an impression, an image. Emphasis is put on use of rhythm and sometimes in a ____43____ (balance) look of the characters so that it is ____44____ (visual) pleasing on paper.
Amazing 48, 000 poems have survived from the many Tang dynasty poets. After the Tang, poets struggled ____45____ (establish) a modern style that was not rooted in the glories of the past. Later the style of the Song dynasty did become a popular form. So many people enjoy such ____46____ (popular) because it was more fluent and less rigid than that of the Tang.
Many poems contain specific events from Chinese history, and that makes understanding these poems ____47____ challenge to non-Chinese. Translating Chinese poems into English ____48____ (cause) all sorts of problems. For many years, writers have tried to convey the spirit of poems ____49____ different ways. Although much is lost in translation, the core (核心) meaning can ____50____ (catch) and appreciated.
【答案】41. further##farther
42. that 43. balanced
44. visually
45. to establish
46. popularity
47. a 48. causes
49. in 50. be caught
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了中國詩歌的特點、風(fēng)格和內(nèi)容。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：說英語的人回顧400年前莎士比亞和彌爾頓的黃金時代時，中國人回顧得更遠，1200年前的唐朝是他們的文學(xué)黃金時代。結(jié)合句意可知表達更遠，用far修飾形容詞比較級。故填further/farther。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞性從句。句意：中國詩歌的一個主要特點是是簡潔的。系動詞is后需要表語從句引導(dǎo)詞，從句中不缺成分，用that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：每個角色都有一個想法，一個印象，一個形象。重點放在節(jié)奏的運用上，有時也放在人物的平衡外觀上，以便在視覺上看起來令人愉悅?？崭裉幮枰稳菰~作定語修飾名詞look。故填balanced。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：每個角色都有一個想法，一個印象，一個形象。重點放在節(jié)奏的運用上，有時也放在人物的平衡外觀上，以便在視覺上看起來令人愉悅?？崭裉幮枰痹~修飾形容詞pleasing。故填visually。
【45題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：唐朝以后，詩人們努力建立一種不植根于過去輝煌的現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格。struggle to do sth.是固定搭配，意為“努力做某事”。故填to establish。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：很多人喜歡這樣的流行，因為它比唐朝的更流暢，更不僵化。such修飾名詞作賓語。故填popularity。
【47題詳解】
考查不定冠詞。句意：許多詩歌包含了中國歷史上的特定事件，這使得理解這些詩歌對非中國人來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合句意可知表示理解這些詩歌是一個挑戰(zhàn)，challenge以輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a。故填a。
【48題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：漢詩英譯引發(fā)了各種各樣的問題。句子陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是動名詞，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填causes。
【49題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：多年來，作家們試圖用不同的方式來傳達詩歌的精神。in different ways意為：用不同的方式。故填in。
【50題詳解】
考查被動語態(tài)。句意：雖然在翻譯過程中損失了很多，但核心意思是可以捕捉和欣賞的。主語the core meaning和動詞catch之間是被動關(guān)系，需要用被動語態(tài)，在情態(tài)動詞can后用動詞原形即可。故填be caught。
第四部分 寫作
第一節(jié) 短文改錯
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在其下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處, 多者 (從第11處起) 不計分。
Last week, our class carried out an activity, which theme is about Labor.
At first, the important of labour was emphasised by our teacher. Keep what he said in mind, I packed the suitcase all by me before setting off. Then come the two-day activities. We were asked to helping the fruit farmer pick and deliver the watermelons. Exhausted though I was, I experienced great sense of achievement of hard work.
When I came back to home, I couldn't wait to share with my parents the forgettable experience. I harvested very much from the activity that they were both proud of me.
【答案】1. which→whose
2. important→importance
3. Keep→Keeping
4. me→myself
5. come→came
6. helping→help
7. great前加a
8.去掉to
9. forgettable→unforgettable
10. very→so
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了上周班級舉辦的一次以勞動為主題的活動。
【詳解】1.考查定語從句。句意：上周，我們班開展了一項活動，主題是關(guān)于勞動。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞activity，先行詞在從句中作定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故將which改為whose。
2.考查名詞。句意：起初，我們的老師強調(diào)了勞動的重要性。分析句子可知，冠詞the后接名詞，因此使用important的名詞形式作主語。故將important改為importance。
3.考查非謂語動詞。句意：牢記他的話，我在出發(fā)前獨自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，句中存在謂語動詞packed，因此這里使用非謂語動詞，且邏輯主語I與keep之間為主動關(guān)系，因此使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。故將Keep改為Keeping。
4.考查反身代詞。句意：牢記他的話，我在出發(fā)前獨自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，表示獨自使用固定搭配by oneself。故將me改為myself。
5.考查倒裝句和動詞時態(tài)。句意：然后兩天的活動到來了。分析句子可知，then位于句首時，句子使用完全倒裝，將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。且根據(jù)前后文可知這里使用一般過去時。故將come改為came。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：我們被要求幫助果農(nóng)采摘和運送西瓜。分析句子可知，ask sb. to do是固定搭配意為“要求……做……”符合語境，這里使用被動語態(tài)形式。故將helping改為help。
7.考查冠詞。句意：雖然我很累，但我經(jīng)歷了努力工作的巨大成就感。結(jié)合句意表示“成就感”短語為a great sense of achievement。故great前加a。
8.考查固定短語。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享這段難忘的經(jīng)歷。結(jié)合句意表示“回到家”短語為come back home。故去掉to。
9.考查形容詞。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享這段難忘經(jīng)歷。結(jié)合句意表示“難忘的”應(yīng)用形容詞unforgettable。故forgettable改為unforgettable。
10.考查副詞。句意：我從這次活動中收獲了很多，他們都為我感到驕傲。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于……”應(yīng)用so…that…故very改為so。
第二節(jié) 書面表達
52. 假如你是李華，你將于下周參加校讀書節(jié)“Books and I”的英語演講比賽，請你結(jié)合你自身經(jīng)歷寫一篇演講稿。主要內(nèi)容：
1.簡單介紹你閱讀經(jīng)歷（如：何時開始，喜歡閱讀哪些書目，推薦你最喜歡的一篇讀物等）。 2.閱讀對你的影響。
寫作要求：
1.詞數(shù)：100詞左右；2.使用演講稿的文體格式。3.至少使用一種修辭手法（如simile，metaphor，repetition，rhetorical question，quote，personification等）4.至少使用定語或者過去分詞的一種手段進行表達。5.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。注意：開頭已為你寫好，不列入字?jǐn)?shù)。
My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. I will take part in the English speech contest named "Books and I" in our school's reading festival next week.
I have a lot of reading experience. I have been in love with reading since primary school. For me, reading is a necessity of life. It can be done at anytime and anywhere. Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. I find this kind of reading very interesting. The Three-Body Problem is my favorite science fiction book.
In a word, reading has a great influence on me. It makes me quiet and broadens my horizon. Reading has gradually become my food for thought.
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文，假如你是李華，你將于下周參加校讀書節(jié)“Books and I”的英語演講比賽，請你結(jié)合你自身經(jīng)歷寫一篇演講稿。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
參加：take part in→join in
就個人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
代表，象征：represent→stand for
拓寬：broaden→widen
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I have been in love with reading since primary school.
拓展句：I have been in love with reading since I was in primary school.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. (運用了because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句)

[高分句型2] Reading has gradually become my food for thought. (運用了動名詞作主語)

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