
動詞的基本用法是做放在主語之后做謂語。eg. I wrk in a factry. 當句中有謂語動詞時,如在需要用動詞就只能用非謂語動詞,非謂語動詞重要包括:動詞不定式(t d)、動名詞、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)
Eg. 1) I decide t wrk in a factry.
2) I enjy wrking in a factry.
3) He is the man wrking in a factry.
4) Please hand in yur written exercises.
1、動詞不定式做主語動詞不定式作主語時,常用it做形式主語,而將真正的主語放在句末.其結(jié)構(gòu)是 It’s +adj.+f/ fr sb + t d. Eg .T learn English well is useful
It’s useful t learn well.
注意:此時用f還是用fr 關(guān)鍵是看形容詞形容的是什么,如果是形容做此事怎么樣用fr,反之如形容人的性格特征的用f
1)It’s very kind _____yu t help me.2)It’s necessary _____us t master a freign language.It’s nice _____yu t invite us.It’s interesting ______ us t play ftball.
2、不定式做賓語1)一些動詞只能用動詞不定式做賓語。如:want, decide, hpe, agree,, wish, need ,prmise, wuld like, plan等。
eg. We hpe___________(see) the film. Wuld yu like ________(g) with us?
2)在find, think后用it做形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放在句末。
Eg. I find ______necessry __________ (master) a freign language.
3)常見的一些用不帶t的動詞不定式做賓語,這類動詞有:Why nt d---,had better(nt) d, wuld rather d--- than d, culd/wuld yu please d—Eg. I wul rather ________(stay) at hme than ________(g) ut.
1)不定式做賓補時,與賓語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,常見的動詞有tell, ask,want, allw, get, invite, encurage等。否定形式在t d前加nt
My mther ften encurage me ______(study) hard.We dn’t allw peple _______(smke) here. The students are ften tld_________(nt give) up. He asked me ___________(nt drive) here.
2)使役動詞和感官動詞用省略t 的不定式做賓補
bss made the wrkers _______(wrk) fr anther 2 hurs. 2. I made lucy ________(stand) utside .
4、不定式做定語,放在被修飾詞后,一般并與被修飾詞間有動賓關(guān)系
Eg. Wuld yu like smething __________(eat)?There is nthing ___________(wrry) abut.Have yu gt anything else ________(say)He is ften the first ne______(get) here.
注意:此時變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)必須將t 加上.如: Lucy was made t stand utside.
5.不定式放在疑問詞what, where, which hw之后,此時相當于一個賓語從句
Eg. I dn’t knw what _______(d) tmrrw.=I dn’t knw ____________________ tmrrw.He didn’t knw where______(g) fr the hliday.He didn’t knw where______________ fr the hliday.I wnder hw_____________(處理)it next.I wnder hw _____________________it next.
I shuld deal with
What I shuld d
t deal with
1.動名詞做主語,此時謂語動詞用單數(shù)Eg. ________(cllect) stamps ____(be) my favrite.
2.動名詞做動詞或介詞的賓語。此類動詞有 keep, enjy,prefer…t , mind, can’t help, finish,feel like,practise ,Wuld yu mind __________(smke) here?Knives are used fr ____________(cut) things.
1.做定語,單個的分詞作定語放在被修飾詞前,分詞短語作定語放在被修飾詞的后面。
三、分詞。 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞(動詞+ing)和過去分詞兩種,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動進行,過去分詞表被動、完成。
1)This is a _________(read) rm.2) His __________(speak) English is very gd.3) D yu knw the man _________(stand) under the tree.4) The wman swept the leaves ________(fall ) n the grund.
2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,表伴隨
Eg. The students went ut f the class, _____ (talk) and __________(laugh)
3.分詞作賓語補足語?,F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補與賓語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系(主動),過去分詞作賓補與賓語之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系(被動)。
Eg. Dn’t keep us __________(wait) fr s lng.She speaks ludly t make herself_______(hear).I heard her _________(sing) in the next rm when I passed by.We have t make ur hair _______(cut)
1、動詞不定式做賓語與動名詞做賓語
A:無差別 begin , start
Let’s begin ______________(have) an English class.
t have /having
B:有一定差別 like , lve, hateDing表示愛好,t d 表示具體動作。如:I like ___________(swim) a lt ,but this evening I lve _______(g) skating.
She tried a cmpsitin.
她設(shè)法(盡力)打電話給你。
She tried yu .
I remember the dr just nw.
Please remember the dr after wrk.
I frgt him the news.
我忘記已經(jīng)告訴他這個消息了。
I frgt him the news .
我忘記了告訴他這個消息。
1. He has prmised better latter. A. behaving B. behave C. t behave2. He hated her. A. truble B. t trubling C. t truble 3. He stpped when the teacher came in. A. t talk B. talking C. talked4. I have finished the rm. A. clean B. t read it C. cleaning5. I give yu a bk . A. t read B. t read it C. reading it6. There is nthing fr us . A. t wrry B. t wrry abut C. wrrying abut
2.動詞不定時做賓補與現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補
感官動詞既可以跟不帶t的不定式做賓補也可以跟現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補,用不定式做賓補表示的動作經(jīng)常做或做了,跟現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補表示動作正在進行。
1) I saw her _________(play) basketball when I met her.2) I ften saw her _______(play) basketball last week.3) I heard lucy________(g) dwnstairs and _______(g) ut.
3.need,want require+t d 與ding
My bike needs ________(repair),and I want ______(repair) it.
T d 表示被動,與主語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,ding 表示主動,與主語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系
4. –ing與-ed
如:interesting 與interested;exciting與excited等的區(qū)別。 如:I’m very _____________(surprise) at the ___________(surprise) matter.
5、注意介詞t 在短語中的應(yīng)用 + dingmake a cntributin t(為做---做貢獻),pay attentin t(注意做---),lk frward t(盼望做---),prefer---t----(喜歡---而不喜歡),be used t(習(xí)慣于做---)
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