www.ks5u.com   Unit 5 First Aid第一部分教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)說明About the topic and the structures單元話題和結(jié)構(gòu)本單元的話題是First aid/急救，學(xué)習(xí)各種情形下的急救常識；單元句法項(xiàng)目是“省略”。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)在單元課時(shí)劃分上與課本保持一致，即“閱讀課、知識課、運(yùn)用課三課時(shí)/三課型劃分”。但在實(shí)際教學(xué)過程中，我們建議教師依據(jù)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)、教學(xué)條件、學(xué)校安排的因素，對課本、對教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)重新劃分課時(shí)、裁剪、拼接使用我們提供的材料，以便“物盡所用”，達(dá)到最佳教學(xué)效果。教師也可以參照我們提出的“實(shí)際教學(xué)過程課時(shí)劃分建議”進(jìn)行教學(xué)。Period 1Reading  閱讀課Warming Up 部分教師可以選擇 Warming up by describing, Warming up by discussing 或者Warming up by talking about first aid situations形式激發(fā)背景知識、為其后的閱讀作好詞語、結(jié)構(gòu)和心理的準(zhǔn)備。教師可補(bǔ)充：急救電話：火警臺119，報(bào)警臺110，醫(yī)療急救臺120， 鄰居電話號碼，轄區(qū)內(nèi)派出所的電話號碼，附近醫(yī)院的電話號碼，熟悉的醫(yī)生的電話號碼。Pre-reading學(xué)生看圖回答“家庭急救”方面的問題，如“煤氣泄露急救”：首先關(guān)閉液化器的總閥門,然后打開窗戶和門,讓空氣流通,此其間禁止任何煙火,迅速打電話給相關(guān)部門,請求排除液化器的故障。Reading是篇說明文，簡要說明了生活中常見的燒傷及急救現(xiàn)象，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從形式和內(nèi)容兩方面閱讀文本，提高對說明文文體的認(rèn)識，同時(shí)了解急救常識：小面積的I、II度燒傷，可用清潔的冷水浸泡或用自來水沖洗30分鐘至1小時(shí)，沖洗后創(chuàng)面涂燒傷膏或消炎藥膏。如皮膚已破，不要隨便沖洗，應(yīng)去醫(yī)院包扎。面積較大的燒傷，在現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行簡單的急救處理后應(yīng)盡快送醫(yī)院治療。Period 2Learning about language 知識課Learning about language第一部分是詞法訓(xùn)練，強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對本單元重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語的掌握和實(shí)用；第二部分是句法訓(xùn)練，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對英語“省略”現(xiàn)象的理解和運(yùn)用。Period 3Using language運(yùn)用課Using language重點(diǎn)是閱讀“英雄少年受到表彰”，拓展對“急救”的認(rèn)識；“聽、說、寫”部分依然圍繞“急救”展開?？谡Z、書面語部分設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)看圖說、寫“急救”的情景。實(shí)際教學(xué)過程課時(shí)劃分建議Period 1 將Warming Up、 Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一節(jié)“閱讀課”。Period 2將Learning about language 和Workbook中的 USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS、USING STRUCTURES 整合在一起上一節(jié)“語言知識課”。Period 3將Using language 設(shè)計(jì)為一節(jié)包括聽說讀寫單項(xiàng)技能或組合技能訓(xùn)練的“綜合技能課（一）”。Period 4將Workbook 的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一節(jié)“聽說課”。Period 5將Workbook 的LISTENING TASK、READING AND WRITING TASK和  SPEAKING TASK整合為一節(jié)“綜合技能課（二）”。第二部分教學(xué)資源說明Section 1Background 背景圍繞單元話題“急救”我們提供了若干實(shí)用性背景材料。這些材料既可以作為教師教學(xué)參考材料為教師所用，也可以直接或改寫、重組后作為課堂內(nèi)外的拓展性閱讀材料呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生。Section 2Explanation解析重點(diǎn)針對“閱讀課型”中的課文難句，我們提供了詳盡的，就句論句的解析和翻譯，并且以解析的焦點(diǎn)話題為線索，進(jìn)行了一定的歸納、辨析和總結(jié)，以幫助教師更好地實(shí)施“語言形式”的教學(xué)。Section 3Vocabulary詞匯按照課本單元詞匯表順序，我們重點(diǎn)提供動(dòng)詞、短語搭配的講解。所提供的例句，經(jīng)典、地道、實(shí)用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教學(xué)。第三部分教學(xué)測評說明圍繞單元詞法、句法項(xiàng)目，我們提供了長短不一的“單元教學(xué)測評”，并備有參考答案供教師使用。有些測評題目直接源于歷年高考試卷，更具有說服力和實(shí)用性。 Part 1 Teaching Design第一部分 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading(FIRST AID FOR BURNS)IntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to read First aid for burns by means of reading aloud to the recording, reading and underlining, reading to identify the main idea of the text, reading and transferring information, reading and understanding difficult words, reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the idea and making a diagram of the text FIRST AID FOR BURNS. To end the period students will be answering the questions. Three “Warming Up” designs are presented in this book for teachers’ reference. Computer and overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning. Objectives■     To help students learn to give instructions■     To help students learn to read an exposition about first aid ■     To help students better understand “saving life”■     To help students learn use some important words and expressions ■     To help students identify examples of “Ellipsis ” in the text FocusWordsaid, burn, poison, iron, swell, damage, squeeze, present   Expressions fall ill, squeeze out, in place, a number of  Patterns Third degree burns are black and white and charred.Take clothing off the burns area unless it is stuck to the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. A knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. AidsMultimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams 1. Warming up ⑴Warming up by describingGood morning, class. Today we are going to read about FIRST AID FOR BURNS. Then what’s first aid is and why is it important?Keys for reference: First aid is the first kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly will save one’s life.Now turn to page 33, look at the pictures. What has happened in each picture? Keys for reference: 1 A snake has bitten him on his leg.2 She has cut her arm with some broken glass and is bleeding badly.3 He has badly sprained his ankle.4 She is choking on a piece of food.5 She has broken her arm.6 He has a bleeding nose/a nose bleed. ⑵Warming up by discussingHi, every one. Have you been in any of the emergency situations? Did you or someone else give help then? If so, what kind of help? When you are involved in the emergency situations, what kind of first aid should you need or give? Think it over, and then give us your answers.Keys: If the bite or scratch wound is bleeding, apply pressure to the area with a clean bandage or towel until the bleeding stops. If available, use clean latex or rubber gloves to protect yourself from exposure to blood.⑶Warming up by talking about first aid situationsMedical emergencies don't occur every day. But when they do, information can help you deal with these situations. Then in what situations do we need to offer or receive first aid?Animal bites, Burns, Chemical burns, Chemical splash in the eye, Chest pain, Choking(窒息), Cuts and scrapes(擦傷), Dislocation(脫臼), Electrical burns, Electrical shock, Fainting(昏暈,), Foreign(異質(zhì)的) object in the ear, in the eye, in the nose etc. Foreign object inhaled(吸入), Foreign object swallowed, Head pain, Heart attack, Heatstroke(中暑), Motion sickness, Nosebleeds, Poisoning(中毒), Severe bleeding, Snakebites  2. Pre-reading by looking and sayingWork in pairs. Look at the picture on page 33, at the bottom of right corner, and tell us what has happened in the picture. What sort of injuries will the child have? What first aid treatment would you give in this situation?Keys for reference: The child has pulled boiling water onto herself. She will have bad burns.3. Reading⑴Reading aloud to the recordingNow please listen and read aloud to the recording of the text FIRST AID FOR BURNS. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence. I will play the tape twice and you shall read aloud twice, too.⑵Reading and underliningNext you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook and write a short passage, making use of them after class as homework.Collocations from FIRST AID FOR BURNSthree layers of skin, protect…against, the sun’s harmful rays, get burned, the treatment of burns, causes of burns, hot liquids, first degree burns, the top layer, mild sunburn, by touching a hot pan, take a few weeks to heal, third degree burns, under the skin, electric shocks, burning clothes, severe injuries, get to a hospital, characteristics of burns, around edge of injured area, first aid treatment, take clothing off the burned area, stick to, the burning process, squeeze…out, break blisters, get infected, in place, cause infection, if possible⑶Reading to identify the main idea of the textRead the title of the text and the headings within it. Tell us what the main idea of the text is and how the information is organized.Keys: It is about first aid for burns and the information is organized according to causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.⑷Reading and transferring informationRead the text again to answer the questions. a. How is the information organized within the headings of Types of burns and Characteristics of burns?b. Why is the information numbered under the heading of Fist aid treatment?⑸Reading and understanding difficult wordsRead the text with a partner and underline any words you are not sure about. Try your best to guess the meaning of these words. If no one can give the correct meaning, you can look up the dictionary.⑹Reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the ideaType of writingThis is a quick-reference writing.Main idea of the passageIt is about first aid for burns and the information is organized according to causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns. First aid:      an important step in the treatment of burns part 1Causes of burns:       Hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals Part 2Types of burns:           First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Part 3Characteristics of burns:   First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Part 4First aid treatment Part 5Key for reference: a. The information is organized according to the types of burns: first degree, second degree and third degree burns. b. The numbers indicate the steps you should take to treat a burn, in the order that they should happen.8. Closing down by taking a quiz Fill in the blank with one word to complete the summary of the text.First Aids For First-Degree BurnsRemove the child from the 1_____ source. Remove clothing from the 2 _____ area immediately. Run cool (not cold) water 3 _____ the burned area (if water isn't available, any 4 _____, drinkable fluid can be used) or 5 _____ a clean, cold compress on the burn for approximately 3 6 _____ 5 minutes (do not use ice, as 7 _____ may cause the burn to take longer to heal). Do 8 _____ apply butter, grease, powder, or any other 9 _____ to the burn, as these increase the risk 10 _____ infection. If the burned area is 11 _____, loosely cover it with a sterile gauze pad 12 _____ bandage. Give your child acetaminophen 13 _____ ibuprofen for pain. If the area affected is 14 _____ (the size of a quarter or smaller), keep the area 15 _____ and continue to use cool compresses 16 _____ a loose dressing over the next 24 hours. 17 _____ can also apply antibiotic cream two to three 18 _____ a day, although this isn't absolutely necessary.(Keys: 1 heat 2 burned 3 over 4 cold 5 hold 6 to 7 it 8 not 9 remedies 10 of 11 small 12 or 13 or 14 small 15 clean 16 and 17 You 18 times)Work out the word and structure questions.Try to put _____ the fire as soon as possible. A: away B: up C: off D: downLoosen all the tight clothing and _____ clothing on or near the burnt area. A: get B: take C: carry D: remove Avoid pollution of burn wound and _____ the burned person in comfort dressing him inClean laundry sheets. A: remain B: stay C: ask D: keepPut ice pack or cloth soaked in ice water onto the burned part and _____ them often.A: change B: do C: attend D: make It is not right to _____ the burn if it is a third degree burn. A: brush B: wash C: dry D: blow (Keys: CDDAB)Answer the questions.Why should you put cold water on a burn?Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling.Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damages. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.Why do you think clothes and jewelry near burns should be removed?Because bacteria from the clothes and jewelry could infect the burns.If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.     

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Unit 5 First Aid

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