英語(yǔ)試題
（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘 試卷滿分：120分）
注意事項(xiàng)：
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需 改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。
3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all!Stunning landscapes,the Golden Circle,ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.On the way we see waterfalls, volcanoes,floating icebergs,cliffs,black sand beaches,geysers,hot springs and so much more.There are even options for a glacier hike or a visit to the Secret Lagoon,and during the summer months you can add a boat tour on Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon.
Included:Reykjavik pick-up & drop-off,minibus tour,English guidance,2 nights accommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-caving equipment,super jeep ride for some km,specialized guide
to ice caveentrance fees and northern lights(depending on conditions,visible from Sept-Apr).
Not included:Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.The boat trip on the glacier
lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.
Bring with you:Warm outdoor clothing,waterproof jacket and pants,headwear and gloves.Good hiking boots are essential.
Note:You can always rent strong hiking boots,waterproof jacket and pants in the booking process.
Ice Cave information:Our main cave is"Crystal Ice Cave",but if it is inaccessible we will visit another cave.During the summer months(Apr-Oct),we go to the Katla Ice Cave.If the ice cave is inaccessible,we do a glacier hike instead.
Drop-off information:We drop you off at your hotel sometime between 16:00-19:00 on day three, depending on weather and road conditions.
Contact us:If you have a question about this tour you can use the contact form here below.If you have a general inquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)please click here.
1. What should you pay extra money for during the trip?
A. Minibus tour. B. Glacier hiking.
C. Entrance fees. D. Lunch..
2. If you want to have a boat trip,you_
A. can make it all year around B. don't need to pay extra money
C. must buy waterproof jackets D. had better book the tickets in advance
3. Where does this text most probably come from?
A. A health newspaper. B. A science fiction.
C. A travel website. D. A project handbook.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一個(gè)為期三天、沿著南部海岸的旅行，以及關(guān)于旅行安排的詳細(xì)信息、注意事項(xiàng)和聯(lián)系方式等。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“Not included: Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.”（不包含項(xiàng)目：本次旅行不包含除了早餐之外的食物。）可知，午餐需要額外付錢。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中“The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.”（冰川瀉湖上的游船是可選擇的額外項(xiàng)目，僅在夏季提供。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目銷售很快，因此我們建議您在安排旅行時(shí)進(jìn)行預(yù)定。）可知，如果想要體驗(yàn)游船，最好先提前訂票。故選D。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all! Stunning landscapes, the Golden Circle, ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.”（我們沿著南部海岸進(jìn)行的為期3天的旅行應(yīng)有盡有！令人驚嘆的景觀、金色的圓圈、冰洞、Jokulsarlon冰山瀉湖和北極光。）及下文的關(guān)于旅行的信息，聯(lián)系方式等，可知，本文是一個(gè)關(guān)于旅行的廣告，因此最可能來(lái)自旅游網(wǎng)站。故選C。
B
In recent years,stressed-out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of"blue space"-the sea and coastline,but also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains-are less well advertised, yet the science has been consistent for at least a decade:being by water is good for body and mind.
＂Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space-with some added benefits," says Dr Mathew White,a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter.
White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness.First,there are the beneficial environmental factors,such as less polluted air and more sunlight.Second,people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third-and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments-water has a psychological recovery effect.When you are sailing,surfing or swimming,says White,＂you're really in step with natural forces there."
Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in"mindfulness by the sea”.She says the sea has a quality that can make people thoughtful.
＂To go to the sea means letting go"says Kelly."It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail.For somebody else,it could be a wild,empty coast.But there is this really human sense of:'Oh, look,there's the sea-and the shoulders drop."
4. Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces?
A. Because green spaces are good to people's health.
B. Because little research has been done on blue spaces.
C. Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces.
D. Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised.
5. Where is blue space superior to other natural environments according to White?
A. Where there's water,there's fresh air.
B. People living near water are healthier.
C. Water can help people restore mental health.
D. The sea can make people lost in deep thought.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The sea will bring you loneliness.
B. The sea will hurt your shoulder.
C. The sea will put you at ease.
D. The sea will make you feel down.
7. What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A. People in cities prefer green spaces.
B. Blue spaces help both physically and mentally.
C. Green spaces have been out of date.
D. Ways to keep us healthy.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了研究表明水對(duì)人的身體和精神健康好處以及具體有什么好處。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“stressed-out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health, but the benefits of "blue space" are less well advertised”（生活在城市的壓力大的人們一直在綠色空間尋求保護(hù)，因?yàn)槠鋵?duì)身體和精神健康的積極影響已經(jīng)被證明了，但是藍(lán)色空間的好處沒(méi)有被好好地宣傳。）可知，藍(lán)色空間沒(méi)有綠色空間受歡迎的原因是沒(méi)有宣傳好。故選D。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Third-and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments-water has a psychological recovery effect.”（第三—這似乎是藍(lán)色空間比其他自熱環(huán)境有優(yōu)勢(shì)—水有精神治愈的作用。）可知，據(jù)White所說(shuō)，藍(lán)色空間比其他自然環(huán)境好在水能幫助人們恢復(fù)精神健康。故選C。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容和其中的關(guān)鍵句“To go to the sea means letting go”（去海邊意味著放下。）可以推測(cè)，大?？梢允鼓愀械椒潘伞９蔬xC。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。本文共五段，第一段引入話題：科學(xué)表明水對(duì)人的身體和精神有好處；后四段講述兩位學(xué)者的觀點(diǎn)，具體說(shuō)明水（藍(lán)色空間）對(duì)人的身體和精神健康哪些好處。故選B。
C
Kevin Randall, a teacher,who teaches biology at Grandville High School,runs the environmental club at the high school,which has around 2,000 students.The club is known as the GHS Green Team,and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持續(xù)性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.
One of the club's recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria.Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54,000 plastic forks every year.The club applied for a financial help,built recycling centers for the cafeteria,and purchased metal silverware.
And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),“and that's just one way we're trying to capture the low-hanging fruit,if you will,"Randall said.
The efforts of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state.In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria, the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,and leads cleanups on site and out in the community.Over the years,Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太陽(yáng)能板) on the roof of the high school.
Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸關(guān)）when it comes to climate change.
＂And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home," Randall added,"They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change,and to spread the word,and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home."
8. What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club?
A. To inspire students' love for biology.
B. To finish the projects assigned by school.
C. To prepare students for their future jobs.
D. To promote environmental protection.
9. What's the result of the project on school cafeteria?
A It has changed the outlook of the cafeteria.
B. Students can have more fruits in the cafeteria.
C. Plastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria.
D. The school has become famous nationwide.
10. What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of the projects.
B. The characteristics of the club.
C. The activities organized by the club.
D. The future of the club.
11. What was Randall's aim by doing the work on environmental issues?.
A. To educate the young.
B. To get material rewards.
C. To amuse his children.
D. To make himself famous.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。講述了Kevin Randall老師在學(xué)校組織了一個(gè)環(huán)保俱樂(lè)部，帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生進(jìn)行環(huán)境保護(hù)相關(guān)的活動(dòng)及成就，提高學(xué)生環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)的故事。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持續(xù)性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.”（它旨在增強(qiáng)學(xué)生們和老師們關(guān)于可持續(xù)發(fā)展的意識(shí)。它也致力于減少建筑本身的環(huán)境面積的項(xiàng)目。）可知，the GHS Green Team club的目的在于促進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)。故選D。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),”（現(xiàn)在每個(gè)學(xué)生都使用耐用的金屬餐叉或勺子，而不是一次性餐具。）可知，學(xué)校餐廳項(xiàng)目的結(jié)果是餐廳不再使用塑料餐具。故選C。
【10題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容，“In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria,”、（除了他們減少餐廳廢物的垃圾的工作，）“the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,”、（the GHS Green Team還在校園里建立了有鮮花和蔬菜的花園）“Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太陽(yáng)能板) on the roof of the high school”，（蘭德?tīng)柡退膶W(xué)生也一直在籌集資金為了在高中屋頂安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板）可知第四段的主要介紹了這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部組織的活動(dòng)有哪些。故選C。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸關(guān)）when it comes to climate change.”（因?yàn)樗胍屗虒W(xué)樓里的學(xué)生能夠變成理解氣候變化的利害相關(guān)的人。）可知，Randall的目的在于教育年輕人。故選A。
D
Hybrid cars are cars that run on both petrol and electricity.They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery and electric motor to provide electric power.
There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars,but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol,and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required,for example when going uphill or accelerating.In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed,for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights,keeping only the electric engine running.
Conventional cars have large engines to cope with driving uphill and accelerating.Most of the time,this high engine capacity is not needed,but the engine continues burning up fuel.Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines,boosted by electric motors when needed,so they use less petrol.
Hybrid cars are also lighter and aerodynamically(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的） designed for greater fuel efficiency.
Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of"regenerative braking(剎車）＂。The electric motor is used to slow down the car,rather than conventional brakes.The energy produced by the slowing car is transformed into electrical power,which is automatically stored in the battery.In effect,the battery recharges when you brake.In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.
Car manufacturers and engineers have been experimenting with electric and hybrid cars since the late 19th century.In 1928 Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car that used both an internal burning engine and electric motors.The first mass-produced hybrid car,the Toyota Prius,came out in Japan at the end of 1997.However,Hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999,when the Honda Insight went on sale.
As they use less fuel,hybrid cars are cheaper to run.There are also many initiatives in place to encourage people to buy them.In some countries,hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax,and don't have to pay on certain toll roads(收費(fèi)公路）。In some cities around the world,hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.
12. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Hybrid cars don't need petrol any more.
B. Petrol engine and electric motor work all the way.
C. Hybrid cars mainly depend on electric power to run.,
D. Some hybrid car petrol engines will quit when unnecessary.
13. Which is NOT the reason why hybrid cars consume less energy?
A. Smaller petrol engines.
B. Scientific design.
C. Conventional brakes.
D. Energy storage.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Hybrid cars are cheaper to buy.
B. Hybrid car owners don't have to pay tax.
C. Hybrid car owners don't need to pay parking fee.
D. Hybrid cars will have a bright future.;
15. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To advertise hybrid cars.
B. To introduce hybrid cars.
C. To compare conventional cars and hybrid cars.
D. To inform the development of hybrid cars.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了混合動(dòng)力車的概念，優(yōu)勢(shì)，發(fā)展歷史，以及各地一些關(guān)于混合動(dòng)力車的政策。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed,”（在一些混合動(dòng)力中，汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在不需要的時(shí)候會(huì)自己關(guān)閉。）可知，一些混合動(dòng)力車汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在不必要的時(shí)候會(huì)停止運(yùn)行。故選D。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative braking(剎車) ”。The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes.”（另一種減少燃料消耗的方式是通過(guò)“再生制動(dòng)”系統(tǒng)。這個(gè)電動(dòng)機(jī)是用來(lái)使車減速，而不是傳統(tǒng)的剎車。）可知，傳統(tǒng)的剎車不是混合動(dòng)力車消耗較少的原因。故選C。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容：混合動(dòng)力車使用起來(lái)花費(fèi)更便宜因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂酶俚娜剂稀：芏嗟胤桨l(fā)出了鼓勵(lì)人們購(gòu)買混合動(dòng)力車的倡議。在某些國(guó)家，混合動(dòng)力車?yán)U納更少的稅，并且在一些收費(fèi)公路上不必支付費(fèi)用。在世界各地的一些城市中，混合動(dòng)力車允許免費(fèi)停車。可知混合動(dòng)力車有一個(gè)光明的未來(lái)。故選D。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。本篇文章主要介紹了混合動(dòng)力車的概念，優(yōu)勢(shì)，發(fā)展歷史，以及各地一些關(guān)于混合動(dòng)力車的政策，可推測(cè)作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了向我們介紹混合動(dòng)力車。故選B。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time.___16___So let's try a simple thought experiment.Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job.
___17___Maybe you'd pick up a hobby,or have more children,or learn to relax and enjoy yourself in the additional leisure.But what if I told you that you wouldn't do any of those things:You would just work the exact same amount of time as before.
___18___But there are simple reasons for this.
Better technology means higher expectations-and higher expectations create more work.For most of history,humans were forced to suffer from their own dirty and unpleasant substances.Most families' clothes were washed twice a year.The fleet of housework technologies that came into the world suddenly between the late-19th and mid-20th century created new norms(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）of cleanliness －for our floors,our clothes,ourselves.
___19___Automatic washers and dryers raised our expectations for clean clothes and encouraged people to go out and buy new shirts and pants;housewives therefore had more loads of laundry to wash,dry,and fold.
In short,technology made it much easier to clean a house to 1890s standards.___20___They wanted a modern home-with dustless windowsills(窗臺(tái)）and shiny floors-and this dustless shiny required a 40-to-50-hour workweek,even with the assistance of modern tools.
A. You are wasting your time.
B. This might seem impossible.
C New norms meant more work.
D. What would you do with the extra time?
E. That means you can have more time to relax.
F. Everybody is busy,burned out,overloaded.
G. But by mid-century,Americans didn't want that old house.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了為什么技術(shù)不斷發(fā)展，人還是越來(lái)越忙的原因。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句“One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time.”（關(guān)于現(xiàn)代生活的一個(gè)真相是沒(méi)人有時(shí)間。）可推測(cè)，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該講為什么人沒(méi)有時(shí)間，承接上文。故選F。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job.”（想象一下你擁有一套神奇的、新的、能夠使你工作自動(dòng)化或者促進(jìn)你的工作的技術(shù)。）和下文“Maybe you'd pick up a hobby”（或許你會(huì)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)愛(ài)好。） 此空承上啟下，故推測(cè)詢問(wèn)：這些額外的時(shí)間你會(huì)做什么。故選D。
【18題詳解】
上文說(shuō)到：假設(shè)你的工作自動(dòng)化了或效率提高了，你還會(huì)和之前工作的時(shí)間一樣長(zhǎng)。此空應(yīng)該表達(dá)不相信、不合理、不可能發(fā)生的意義。故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容：自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)和甩干機(jī)提高了我們清潔衣服的期望，鼓勵(lì)了人們購(gòu)買更多的衣服，于是家庭主婦有了更多的衣服要洗，甩干，整理。再結(jié)合上文提到家務(wù)技術(shù)創(chuàng)造了新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推測(cè)此空含義為：新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)帶來(lái)了更多的工作。故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句：科技使清潔房子達(dá)到1890年的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更容易了；以及下文介紹的他們想要的房子的樣子。再結(jié)合文章大意，隨著科技的進(jìn)步，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高，人的要求也隨之變高。推測(cè)此空指他們不想要達(dá)到90年代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的舊房子。故選G。
第二部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
The victims were carried in one by one,their paws and fur burned,suffering from dehydration(脫 水）and fear.Their caretakers___21___their wounds,and ___22___them in baskets with the only thing that was___23___---the leaves of eucalyptus(桉樹(shù)）tree.As miserable fires have.___24___more than 2 million acres in Australia,only dozens of koalas have been ___25___from the smoky trees and ___26___ ground.
Koalas,unlike kangaroos,birds or snakes,do not ___27___.from fires but instead climb trees to the top,where they can curl themselves into a ball for ___28___ and wait for the danger to ___29___
But during big firessuch as those that have burned in recent weeks,the animals are far less likely to___30___Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree___31___ ,the animals may over heat and fall to the ground,where they can be burned to death.
The tough situation of the koala has raised ___32___among scientists and conservationists(環(huán)保主義者）。While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires,they are facing new ___33___,not just from climate change but also from human development,which has dislocated Koalas' populations,___34___their ability to survive fires.
We have these ___35___ animals not found anywhere else on this planet,and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.
21. A. touched B. treated C. ignored D. discovered
22. A. threw B. locked C. laid D. forced
23. A. familiar B. plentiful C. beautiful D. expensive
24. A. reached B. left C. burned D. trapped
25. A. killed B. recognized C. hurt D. rescued
26. A. flat B. black C. broad D. safe
27. A. escape B. die C. suffer D. rise
28. A. balance B. protection C. challenge D. comfort
29. A. attack B. come C. pass D. avoid.
30. A. jump B. climb C. fall D. survive
31. A. top B. leaves C. trunk D. root
32. A. passion B. concern C. fear D. interest
33. A. chances B. choices C. neighbors D. threats
34. A. weakening B. developing C. enriching D. ensuring
35. A. lonely B. stupid C. lazy D. unique
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。講述澳大利亞的一場(chǎng)大火造成許多動(dòng)物受傷，其中考拉傷亡嚴(yán)重，這次火災(zāi)警示世人保護(hù)動(dòng)物。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的護(hù)理人員治療它們的傷口。A. touched觸摸；B. treated治療；C. ignored忽視；D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文可知它們被火燒傷了，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞caretakers，可知是對(duì)傷口進(jìn)行治療。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：把它們小心地放入帶有唯一熟悉的東西—桉樹(shù)的葉子的籃子里。A. threw扔；拋；B. locked鎖上；C. laid（尤指輕輕地或小心地）放置，安放，D. forced強(qiáng)迫。它們受傷了，醫(yī)護(hù)人員治療后會(huì)小心地放入籃子里。故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：把它們小心地放入帶有唯一熟悉的東西—桉樹(shù)的葉子的籃子里。A. familiar熟悉的；B. plentiful充足的；豐富的；C. beautiful美麗的；D. expensive昂貴的。由下文可知這些受傷的動(dòng)物是考拉，故它們對(duì)桉樹(shù)的葉子是熟悉的。故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于悲慘的火災(zāi)在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過(guò)了兩百萬(wàn)英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧彌漫的樹(shù)木中和黑色的土地上，被營(yíng)救。A. reached到達(dá)；B. left離開(kāi)；C. burned燃燒；D. trapped困住。由miserable fires可知是燃燒。故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于悲慘的火災(zāi)在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過(guò)了兩百萬(wàn)英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧彌漫的樹(shù)木中和黑色的土地上，被營(yíng)救。A. killed殺死；B. recognized辨別出；C. hurt傷害；D. rescued營(yíng)救。由上文護(hù)理人員治療考拉，可知是考拉從大火中被營(yíng)救。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于悲慘的火災(zāi)在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過(guò)了兩百萬(wàn)英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧彌漫的樹(shù)木中和黑色的土地上，被營(yíng)救。A. flat平坦的；B. black黑色的；C. broad寬闊的；D. safe安全的。由上文可知，火災(zāi)十分嚴(yán)重，樹(shù)木煙霧彌漫，大地被燒焦，因此是黑色的。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇不同，它們不會(huì)從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹(shù)頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團(tuán)以保護(hù)自己，然后等待危險(xiǎn)過(guò)去。A. escape逃脫；B. die死亡；C. suffer受苦；D. rise上升。由下文可知，考拉爬到樹(shù)頂保護(hù)自己，因此說(shuō)它們不像袋鼠，鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇那樣能從火災(zāi)中逃脫。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇不同，它們不會(huì)從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹(shù)頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團(tuán)以保護(hù)自己，然后等待危險(xiǎn)過(guò)去。A. balance平衡；B. protection保護(hù)；C. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D. comfort舒服。在火中，它們爬上樹(shù)頂，蜷縮成一團(tuán)是為了保護(hù)自己。故選B。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇不同，它們不會(huì)從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹(shù)頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團(tuán)以保護(hù)自己，然后等待危險(xiǎn)過(guò)去。A. attack攻擊；B. come來(lái)；C. pass結(jié)束；D. avoid.避免?？祭幌翊?、鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇那樣逃脫，它們只能爬上樹(shù)頂，蜷縮成團(tuán)，等著火災(zāi)的結(jié)束。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：動(dòng)物存活的可能性很小。A. jump跳；B. climb爬；C. fall落下；D. survive存活。由下文可知，即使火沒(méi)有燒到樹(shù)頂，動(dòng)物們也會(huì)因?yàn)檫^(guò)熱掉落到地上，被燒死。所以是很難存活。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使大火沒(méi)有燒到樹(shù)頂。 A. top頂；B. leaves葉子；C. trunk樹(shù)干；D. root根。由前文可知，考拉是爬到樹(shù)頂躲避大火。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉的艱難處境引起了科學(xué)家和環(huán)保主義者的擔(dān)憂。A. passion熱情；B. concern擔(dān)心；C. fear害怕；D. interest興趣?？祭脑庥隽嘶馂?zāi)，科學(xué)家和環(huán)保主義者應(yīng)該是擔(dān)憂的。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管考拉從這場(chǎng)野火中存活下來(lái)，它們還面臨新的威脅，不止是來(lái)自氣候變化，也來(lái)自人類的發(fā)展，這擾亂了考拉的種群，削弱了它們從大火中存活的能力。A. chances機(jī)會(huì)；B. choices選擇；C. neighbors鄰居；D. threats威脅。上文提到的野火對(duì)考拉來(lái)說(shuō)是生存的威脅，可知下文提到氣候變化，人類發(fā)展是它們面對(duì)的新的威脅。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：不止是來(lái)自氣候變化，也來(lái)自人類的發(fā)展，這擾亂了考拉的種群，削弱了它們從大火中存活的能力。A. weakening減弱；B. developing發(fā)展；C. enriching使豐富；D. ensuring確保。由上文可知，人類的發(fā)展是考拉新面對(duì)的威脅，帶來(lái)的是不好的影響，因此是削弱了生存的能力。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們擁有這些獨(dú)一無(wú)二的、在這個(gè)星球任何其它地方都找不到的動(dòng)物。A. lonely可愛(ài)的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. lazy懶惰的；D. unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。由下文“not found anywhere else on this planet”，可知是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。故選D。
第二節(jié)：（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise.This number comes ___36___the United Nations' World Health Organization(WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise ___37___(great)increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first___38___ (estimate)physical activity trends around the world over time.The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in ___39___(wealth)countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time ___40___（sit)in offices.
How much activity should we get?
To stay healthy,the report ___41___(suggest)that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(適中的）physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more ___42___(break)during the work day and move around.If your workplace offers ___43___gym,make sure to use it.It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施），such as better and___44___ (safe)roads.This would help support increased walking ___45___cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation.
【答案】36. from
37. greatly
38. to estimate
39. wealthy
40. sitting
41. suggests
42. breaks 43. a
44. safer 45. and
【解析】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了聯(lián)合國(guó)世界衛(wèi)生組織的一篇報(bào)道，報(bào)道指出全球14億人缺乏鍛煉，并針對(duì)如何保持健康提出建議。
【36題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：這個(gè)數(shù)字來(lái)自聯(lián)合國(guó)世界衛(wèi)生組織。固定短語(yǔ)come from意為“來(lái)自”。故填from。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，此空修飾動(dòng)詞increases，因此把形容詞great變?yōu)楦痹~greatly。故填greatly。
【38題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。the加序數(shù)詞加to do 不定式。故填to estimate。
【39題詳解】
考查形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)。此空修飾空后的名詞countries，應(yīng)用形容詞，因此將名詞wealth變成形容詞wealthy。故填wealthy。
【40題詳解】
考查動(dòng)名詞。固定短spend time doing sth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故填sitting。
【41題詳解】
考查主謂一致。主語(yǔ)the report是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞suggest應(yīng)用單三形式。故填suggests。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。前面定語(yǔ)為more，意為更多的，后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填breaks。
【43題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：如果你工作的地方會(huì)提供一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)地。表示泛指，用不定冠詞。故填a。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。and是連詞，表并列關(guān)系，and前是better，形容詞比較級(jí)，則and后也應(yīng)該是比較級(jí)。故填safer。
【45題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：這將有助于支持增加步行和騎自行車的交通方式，以及體育和體育娛樂(lè)。此處walking和cycling是并列關(guān)系。故填and。
第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）
46.假定你是李華，你校近期成立了“孔子思想研究”網(wǎng)上俱樂(lè)部（Confucianism online club).你的朋友Tom對(duì)中國(guó)文化很感興趣，請(qǐng)你給他寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他加入該俱樂(lè)部。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80字左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom:
Knowing that you are extremely keen on Chinese culture, I’m more than delighted to write to you with the intention of inviting you to join in the Confucianism online club established by our school recently.
The club possesses various characteristics. First of all, we hold regular sessions, studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy. What’s more, professors related are frequently invited to give speeches on Confucianism online, thus providing club members with a vast of traditional knowledge. As far as I’m concerned, the club is of great significance and help for you to gain a better understanding of Chinese culture.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration seriously. I have the confidence that you will make great progress. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給朋友寫一封邀請(qǐng)信，邀請(qǐng)他加入“孔子思想研究”網(wǎng)上俱樂(lè)部。
【詳解】第一步：明確要求。本篇書面表達(dá)要求寫一封邀請(qǐng)信，那么根據(jù)題目要求，可把本文分為3段。第一段寫寫邀請(qǐng)信的目的和原因。第二段寫“孔子思想研究”網(wǎng)上俱樂(lè)部的優(yōu)勢(shì)和加入的好處。第三段寫自己希望朋友認(rèn)真考慮和等待回復(fù)。
第二步：列關(guān)鍵詞。如“be keen on，with the intention of, has a profound influence on, traditional knowledge, take…into consideration，make great progress”。
第三步：連詞成句。根據(jù)列出的關(guān)鍵詞造句，注意主謂一致，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)等語(yǔ)法。
第四步：連句成文。注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡，如“First of all，What’s more”。書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。
【點(diǎn)睛】本文邏輯清晰，語(yǔ)言優(yōu)美。寫作詞匯積累可參考關(guān)鍵詞部分。本文使用的高級(jí)句型有：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)：Knowing that you are extremely keen on Chinese culture, I’m more than delighted to write to you with the intention of inviting you to join in the Confucianism online club established by our school recently.定語(yǔ)從句：studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy.
第二節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）
47.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
One spring morning many years ago,I had been prospecting for gold along Coho Creek.As I emerged from a forest,I froze in my tracks.No more than 20 paces away in the bog(泥塘）was a huge Alaskan timber wolf-caught in one of Trapper George's traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack,so the wolf was lucky.Confused and frightened at my approach,the wolf backed away,pulling hard on the trap chain.Then I noticed something else:It was a female,and her teats(奶頭）were full of milk.Somewhere there was a den(窩）of hungry pups waiting for their mother.
From her appearance,I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days.That meant her pups were probably still alive.But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf,she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for incoming tracks that might lead me to her den.Fortunately,there were still a few remaining patches of snow.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest,and I finally spotted the den.There wasn't a sound inside.Wolf pups are shy and cautious,and I didn't have much hope of tricking them outside.But I had to try.So I began copying the squeak(吱吱聲）of a mother wolf calling her young.No response.A few moments, later,after I tried again,four tiny pups appeared.I extended my hands,and they tentatively(試探性地）suckled at my fingers.Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear.Then,one by one,I placed them in a bag and headed back.
When the mother wolf spotted me,she stood straight.Possibly picking up the scent(氣味）of her young,she let out a sorrow-stricken crying.I released the pups,and they raced to her.Within seconds, they were slurping(啜食）at her belly.
注意：
1. 所續(xù)寫的短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。
Paragraph 1:
What next?I wondered.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Four years later,I returned to Coho Creek.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
What next? I wondered. So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to resist danger without mother’s protection. Hence, I made up my mind to release her. But how? A good idea occurred to me. I went back to my truck and fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point, I unlocked the chain and set the wolf free. Realizing my rescue, the wolf kept still to cooperate. After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low, showing her gratitude. Then, the mother wolf led her pups to go forward, disappearing in the forest.
Paragraph 2
Four years later, I returned to Coho Creek. The previous gold searching spot had been transformed into a natural wildlife reserve. As I paced, the sound of my footsteps was accompanied only by the gracefully waving leaves. All of a sudden, a beautiful mid-sized pool came into my sight, with a group of wolves scattered around, licking water or lying on the grass leisurely. Noticing my approaching, the wolves gathered. I was seized by a strong sense of horror, my palms sweating. Meanwhile, a leading wolf came forwards, howling at me with her head low. The memory crossed my mind. It was the wolf that I saved years ago. Before long, she turned back, leading her offspring to the forest. How amazing to see them again!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于記敘文。要求考生閱讀后續(xù)寫兩段內(nèi)容，每段第一句已給出。
【詳解】本篇書面表達(dá)是讀后續(xù)寫。通過(guò)閱讀所給文章可知，作者多年前的一個(gè)春天早上，在沿著Coho Creek 淘金的時(shí)候，遇到了一只被困在獵人陷阱里的還在哺乳期的母狼，于是循著蹤跡找到幼崽并把幼崽送到被困的母狼身邊的故事。
續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，第一段開(kāi)頭是：接下來(lái)怎么辦呢？我想到。那么后續(xù)應(yīng)該寫我因?yàn)閾?dān)心幼崽離開(kāi)母親保護(hù)不能存活，決定要救出被困的母狼。在保護(hù)自己的情況下，想辦法用棍子解開(kāi)了母狼身上的鐵鏈。動(dòng)物是有靈性的，得救的母狼向我表示感謝后，帶著幼崽們離開(kāi)了。第二段開(kāi)頭是：四年后，我又再次來(lái)到Coho Creek。因此接下來(lái)首先寫，Coho Creek發(fā)生的變化，這個(gè)地方變成了一個(gè)自然野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。在我走動(dòng)的時(shí)候，我遇到了狼群，非常害怕，但是當(dāng)頭狼向我低頭嚎叫的時(shí)候，我認(rèn)出這是我之前幫助過(guò)的那只母狼，能夠再次見(jiàn)到它們我感覺(jué)十分驚奇。
注意所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
【點(diǎn)睛】此范文邏輯連貫，故事完整，符合題目要求。文中的高級(jí)詞匯有：made up my mind，occurred to，paced，All of a sudden，leisurely等。高級(jí)句型：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的句型較多。如：Using a rock as the supporting point, I unlocked the chain and set the wolf free. 和Realizing my rescue, the wolf kept still to cooperate.等。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It was the wolf that I saved years ago.



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