全卷滿分 150 分，考試用時(shí) 120 分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1、答題前，請(qǐng)將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考
證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的制定位置。
2、選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用 2B 鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫
在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。
3、非選擇題作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答
題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。
4、考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡上交。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案寫到
答題欄上。
第一節(jié)(共 5 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1.What will Jane d this Friday？
A.G ut f twn.
B.Watch her sister's dg.
C.Have dinner with her classmates.
2.Where des the cnversatin take place？
A.In a bkstre.
B.In a shp.
C.In a restaurant.
3.What wuld the man drink at last？
A.Orange juice.
B.Grape juice.
C.Apple juice.
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4.What will the man d？
A.Change the plan.
B.Wait fr a phne call.
C.Srt things ut.
5.What are the speakers talking abut？
A.Organizatin f events.
B.Time management.
C.Reading.
第二節(jié)(共 15 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中
選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘；聽完后，
各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。
6.Why des the wman ask t g t the chemistry lab？
A.T check the equipment.
B.T fllw the man clsely.
C.T d an experiment again.
7.What des the man remind the wman t d at last？
A.G hme early.
B.Turn ff the light.
C.Lk after herself.
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 題。
8.What is the wman？
A.A chef.
B.A waitress.
C.A taxi driver.
9.What des the man say abut the pie？
A.He can't eat it.
B.He desn't like it.
C.He misses the taste very much.
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10.Which dessert des the man rder？
A.The chclate cake.
B.The fruit salad.
C.Nthing.
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 題。
11.Why des the wman dislike the city？
A.The air is nt fresh.
B.The streets are crwded.
C.It is difficult t park the car.
12.What can we learn abut the man？
A.He lives near his wrkplace.
B.He takes the subway t wrk.
C.He dreams t have a big huse.
13.What des the wman plan t d？
A.Find a new jb.
B.Mve ut f the city.
C.Keep a pet dg.
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 題。
14.Where did the wman spend her hliday？
A.In the garden.
B.By the seaside.
C.In the muntains.
15.What have the wman's parents been ding recently？
A.Mving.
B.Decrating the huse.
C.Enjying the hliday.
16.Where did the wman live during her hliday？
A.In an apartment.
B.In a strerm.
C.In a tree huse.
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17.When will the man cme fr a visit？
A.This year.
B.Next mnth.
C.Next year.
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 題。
18.Hw many key cultural sites are expected t be listed under state prtectin in 2020 in China？
A.1，800.
B.1，000.
C.770.
19.What did the Chinese gvernment d with the cultural sites in the 1990s？
A.It passed new laws t prtect them.
B.It spent much mney n their prtectin.
C.It used special technlgy t prtect them.
20.In what aspect des the Chinese gvernment prtect cultural cities？
A.Agricultural technlgy.
B.The natural envirnment.
C.Ancient buildings and traditinal cultures.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分 50 分)
第一節(jié)(共 15 小題；每小題 2.5 分，滿分 37.5 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Here are several places which will surprise yu.
Death Valley, Califrnia, USA
Very lively at night but cmpletely dead during the day, this place is nthing but dry ht desert. It actually
hlds the recrd fr the httest air temperature. It has an average temperature f 46℃but it has reached 56.7℃in
1913 and is cnsidered t be a current recrd. As the driest place in the USA, this place is actually inhabited even
thugh less than a thusand peple live there.
Kebili, Tunisia
Tunisia’s clse lcatin t the Mediterranean Sea suggests that it shuld be nice and cl but Kebili is a desert
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twn which has the highest temperature recrded at 55℃. The peple inhabiting the area have adjusted t tugh
cnditins and learned t spend mst f their time in the shade. Date palms are ne f the key features f this place.
Wādī Halfā, Sudan
The city is lcated n the shres f Lake Nubia, and dust strms are a pretty cmmn thing in the summer.
With an average temperature f 41℃, it still managed t make it t 53℃in 1967. Yu wuld think that it shuld be
a little bit cler fr it is the mst nrthern place in Sudan.
Dasht-e Lut Desert, Iran
It’s anther uninhabited desert which is actually getting super ht. In the past 20 years, the temperatures f 70℃
have been recrded. The salt desert spreads ver 200 miles and even wildlife is nt that spread. The place is
ppular with turists and naturalists wh wuld like t experience extreme landscapes.
1. What can we say abut Death Valley?
A. There is little rainfall in it. B. Over 1, 000 peple live there.
C. There is nthing but dry ht sand in it. D. Its average temperature is 56.7℃.
2. Which place has the highest temperature ever recrded?
A. Death Valley. B. Dasht-e Lut Desert.
C. Wādī Halfā. D. Kebili.
3. What d the fur places have in cmmn?
A. They are places suitable t settle in.
B. They are lcated clse t deserts.
C. They are the httest places n earth.
D. They are mre ppular with turists than ther places.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了讓人大吃一驚的四個(gè)不同的地方，它們共同的特點(diǎn)是都非常炎熱。
【1 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Death Valley, Califrnia, USA”下文詳細(xì)介紹“Very lively at night but cmpletely dead
during the day, this place is nthing but dry ht desert. It actually hlds the recrd fr the httest air temperature. It
has an average temperature f 46℃but it has reached 56.7℃in 1913 and is cnsidered t be a current recrd. As
the driest place in the USA, this place is actually inhabited even thugh less than a thusand peple live there.( 這
個(gè)地方晚上很熱鬧，但白天完全死氣沉沉，只不過是干熱 沙漠。它實(shí)際上保持著最熱空氣溫度的記錄。
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它的平均溫度為 46℃，但在 1913 年達(dá)到了 56.7℃，被認(rèn)為是目前的記錄。作為美國(guó)最干旱的地方，這個(gè)地
方實(shí)際上有人居住，盡管那里只有不到 1000 人。)”可知 Death Valley 是美國(guó)最干旱的地區(qū)；由此可知，這
個(gè)地方很少下雨。故選 A。
【2 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Death Valley, Califrnia, USA”下文中的“It actually hlds the recrd fr the httest air
temperature. It has an average temperature f 46℃but it has reached 56.7℃in 1913 and is cnsidered t be a
current recrd. (它實(shí)際上保持著最高氣溫的記錄。它的平均氣溫為 46℃，但在 1913 年達(dá)到了 56.7℃，被認(rèn)
為是目前的記錄。)”、“Kebili, Tunisia”下文中的“Tunisia’s clse lcatin t the Mediterranean Sea suggests
that it shuld be nice and cl but Kebili is a desert twn which has the highest temperature recrded at 55℃.(突尼
斯靠近地中海的地理位置表明它應(yīng)該是涼爽宜人的，但 Kebili 是一個(gè)沙漠小鎮(zhèn)，有記錄的最高溫度為 55℃。
)”、“Wādī Halfā, Sudan”下文中的“With an average temperature f 41℃, it still managed t make it t 53℃
in 1967. (這里的平均氣溫為 41℃，但在 1967 年卻達(dá)到了 53℃。)”以及“Dasht-e Lut Desert, Iran”下文中
的“It’s anther uninhabited desert which is actually getting super ht. In the past 20 years, the temperatures f 70℃
have been recrded. (這是另一個(gè)無人居住的沙漠，實(shí)際上變得超級(jí)熱。在過去的 20 年里，已有溫度達(dá)到了
70℃的記錄。)”可知，有記載的最高溫度在伊朗的 Dasht-e Lut 沙漠，達(dá)到 70℃。故選 B。
【3 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Death Valley, Califrnia, USA”下文中的“Very lively at night but cmpletely dead during
the day, this place is nthing but dry ht desert. It actually hlds the recrd fr the httest air temperature. It has an
average temperature f 46℃but it has reached 56.7℃in 1913 and is cnsidered t be a current recrd. As the
driest place in the USA, this place is actually inhabited even thugh less than a thusand peple live there.(晚上非
常熱鬧，但白天完全死氣沉沉，這個(gè)地方只不過是干燥炎熱的沙漠。它實(shí)際上保持著最熱空氣溫度的記錄。
它的平均溫度為 46°C，但在 1913 年已達(dá)到 56.7°C，被認(rèn)為是目前的記錄。作為美國(guó)最干燥的地方，這個(gè)地
方實(shí)際上也有人居住，盡管只有不到一千人居住在那里。)”、“Kebili, Tunisia”下文中的“Tunisia’s clse
lcatin t the Mediterranean Sea suggests that it shuld be nice and cl but Kebili is a desert twn which has the
highest temperature recrded at 55℃. The peple inhabiting the area have adjusted t tugh cnditins and learned
t spend mst f their time in the shade. (突尼斯靠近地中海的地理位置表明它應(yīng)該是涼爽宜人的，但 Kebili 是
一個(gè)沙漠小鎮(zhèn)，有記錄的最高溫度為 55℃。居住在該地區(qū)的人們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了惡劣的條件，并學(xué)會(huì)了大部分
時(shí)間都在陰涼處度過。)”、“Wādī Halfā, Sudan”下文中的“The city is lcated n the shres f Lake Nubia,
and dust strms are a pretty cmmn thing in the summer. With an average temperature f 41℃, it still managed t
make it t 53℃in 1967. ( 這座城市位于努比亞湖畔，沙塵暴在夏天是很常見的事情。這里的平均氣溫為 41℃，
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但在 1967 年卻達(dá)到了 53℃。)”以及“Dasht-e Lut Desert, Iran”下文中的“It’s anther uninhabited desert
which is actually getting super ht. In the past 20 years, the temperatures f 70℃have been recrded. The salt
desert spreads ver 200 miles and even wildlife is nt that spread. The place is ppular with turists and naturalists
wh wuld like t experience extreme landscapes. (這是另一個(gè)無人居住的沙漠，實(shí)際上變得超級(jí)熱。在過去的
20 年里，氣溫達(dá)到了 70℃。鹽沙漠綿延 200 多英里，甚至連野生動(dòng)物都沒有那么廣泛。這個(gè)地方很受想體
驗(yàn)極端風(fēng)景的游客和博物學(xué)家的歡迎。)”可知，這四個(gè)地區(qū)共同之處是它們都是地球上最熱的地方。故選
C。
B
Recently I bught a bk abut signpsts. Signpsts aren’t very interesting, yu’re thinking. Well, that, f
curse, depends n whether yu happen t be lst! Ancient travelers wuld have been grateful fr these when
settlements were smaller and further apart. In winter, the ability t reach shelter fr the night culd be the
difference between life and death.
One f the very earliest way-marks discvered is in Cumbria. Dating frm Rman times, it had lain fallen
until 1836, when a farmer plughing his fields came acrss a sandstne shaft (碑文). There are ther stne psts
that have std by radsides fr centuries. It wasn’t until 1697 that an act was passed declaring that guide-stnes
must be built.
This applied t remte parts f the cuntry where there might be cnfusin as t which path led t the nearest
market twn. Later, with the appearance f the Ryal Mail, the number rse still further. Nwadays many f these
early rad signs are designated (指定) as Listed Mnuments.
“Hw times change!” Lucy, an enthusiastic walker, t whm I laned the bk, exclaimed.
“I suppse nw we all rely far mre upn mbile phnes t guide us.”
“Yet they aren’t perfect. Whenever I g ut, I prefer a map. I never have t wrry abut running ut f battery.”
“I’m always grateful t whever is placing way-markers alng the rute,” she added, “I suppse that hwever sure
we are, a little utside cnfirmatin is always welcme.”
Lucy is quite right there. Life itself can ffer us a great many chices f path, and smetimes it isn’t easy t
knw if we’ve chsen the best ne.
Perhaps when it cmes t gratitude, we shuld als include thanks fr thse peple wh appear in ur lives
when we mst need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in the wrng directin, r
reassurance that we are n the right track. After all, we’d be lst withut them!
4. What des the underlined wrd “these ” in the first paragraph refer t?
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A. Signpsts. B. Abilities. C. Settlements. D. Shelters.
5. What cntributed t the initial spread f signpsts?
A. The market trade. B. The act passed in 1697.
C. The discvery f the sandstne. D. The appearance f the Ryal Mail.
6. What des Lucy think f signpsts?
A. Ppular. B. Outdated. C. Imperfect. D. Helpful.
7. What des the authr learn frm signpsts?
A. T chse right tracks. B. T live a clrful life.
C T have a grateful mind. D. T ffer practical chices.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者最近買了一本關(guān)于路標(biāo)的書，以及從書中掌握了解到關(guān)
于路標(biāo)的知識(shí)。
【4 題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Recently I bught a bk abut signpsts. Signpsts aren’t very interesting, yu’
re thinking. Well, that, f curse, depends n whether yu happen t be lst!(最近我買了一本關(guān)于路標(biāo)的書。你在
想，路標(biāo)沒什么意思。嗯，那當(dāng)然要看你是不是碰巧迷路了！)”及劃線詞所在句“Ancient travelers wuld
have been grateful fr these when settlements were smaller and further apart.(當(dāng)定居點(diǎn)更小、距離更遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，
古代旅行者會(huì)很感激這些)”可知，劃線單詞 these 指的就是上文中提到的路標(biāo)。故選 A 項(xiàng)。
【5 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“One f the very earliest waymarks discvered is in Cumbria. Dating frm Rman
times, it had lain fallen until 1836, when a farmer plughing his fields came acrss a sandstne shaft (碑文). There
are ther stne psts that have std by radsides fr centuries. It wasn’t until 1697 that an act was passed
declaring that guide-stnes must be built.(最早發(fā)現(xiàn)的路標(biāo)之一是在坎布里亞郡。它始建于羅馬時(shí)代，直到 1836
年，一個(gè)農(nóng)民在耕地時(shí)偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)砂巖井。還有一些石柱已經(jīng)矗立在路邊幾個(gè)世紀(jì)了。直到 1697 年才
通過一項(xiàng)法案，宣布必須建造路標(biāo))”可知，1697 年通過的法案促成了路標(biāo)最初的傳播。故選 B 項(xiàng)。
【6 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段““Yet they aren’t perfect. Whenever I g ut, I prefer a map. I never have t wrry
abut running ut f battery.” “I’m always grateful t whever is placing way-markers alng the rute,” she added,
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“I suppse that hwever sure we are, a little utside cnfirmatin is always welcme.” (“然而，它們并不完美。
無論我什么時(shí)候出去，我都喜歡帶著地圖。我從來不用擔(dān)心沒電了?！盁o論誰在沿途設(shè)置路標(biāo)，我都很感激，”
她補(bǔ)充說，“我想，無論我們多么確定，一點(diǎn)外界的確認(rèn)總是受歡迎的。”)”可推知，露西對(duì)路標(biāo)的看法是
認(rèn)為它是有幫助的。故選 D 項(xiàng)。
【7 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Perhaps when it cmes t gratitude, we shuld als include thanks fr thse peple
wh appear in ur lives when we mst need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in
the wrng directin, r reassurance that we are n the right track.(也許說到感恩，我們也應(yīng)該感謝那些在我們最
需要他們的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)在我們生活中的人——他們要么溫和地警告我們可能走錯(cuò)了方向，要么安慰我們走在
正確的道路上。畢竟，沒有他們我們會(huì)迷路的！)”可推知，作者從路標(biāo)中學(xué)到了要有感恩的心。故選 C 項(xiàng)。
C
Scientists at Purdue University created the wrld’s whitest paint — a discvery that nt nly adds yet anther
chice t the “which white shuld we paint this wall” dilemma, but als might help the climate crisis.
The paint was develped by Purdue mechanical engineering prfessr Xiulin Ruan and his team. It wrks
thrugh a passive cling technlgy that ffers great prmises t reduce space cling cst and glbal warming.
“When we started this prject seven years ag, we had saving energy and fighting climate change in mind,” Ruan
said in a pdcast (播客) episde f This Is Purdue. They wanted t create a paint that wuld reflect sunlight away
frm a building, dramatically decreasing the need fr air cnditining.
Heating, cling, and lighting accunt fr 28 percent f the wrld’s ttal greenhuse gas emissins. And
verusing air cnditining can verwhelm a city’s pwer grid and cause blackuts (停電). In a Queens blackut in
2006, 175,000 peple were left withut pwer, which lead t 40 deaths. This paint culd effectively be an
alternative t air cnditiners in sme places.
The paint reflects 98.1%f slar radiatin while als giving ut infrared (紅外線的) heat. Because the paint
takes in less heat frm the sun than it gives ut, a surface cated with this paint is cled belw the surrunding
temperature withut using pwer. Cvering a rf area f 1,000 square feet with the paint culd create 10 kilwatts
fcling pwer, the researchers fund.“That’s mre pwerful than the air cnditiners used by mst huses,”Ruan
tld This Is Purdue.
Yu can’t buy the paint just yet, but researchers are partnering with a cmpany t put the paint n the market.
While individual actin t fight elimate change can help save ur planet, it’s imprtant t nte that the vast
majrity f the wrld’s greenhuse gas emissins can be traced back t 100cmpanies. Maybe we can duse(澆)
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thse cmpanies with this white paint, t — it culd be wrth a sht.
8. What is knwn abut the paint?
A. It has different clrs. B. It desn’t cst much.
C. It uses heating technlgy. D. It is climate-friendly.
9. What is the Queens blackut mentined t shw?
A. The pr management f pwer. B. The significance f the paint.
C. The imprtance f air cnditining. D. The result f glbal warming.
10. Which aspect f the paint is talked abut in Paragraph 4?
A. Its applicatin. B. Its functin.
C. Its cmpsitin. D. Its disadvantage.
11. What can be learned frm the last paragraph?
A. The quality f the paint needs imprving.
B. The paint will bring prfits t the 100 cmpanies.
C. Researchers want t see the paint in cmmercial use.
D. Individual effrts matter in creating the whitest paint.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了普渡大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們創(chuàng)造了世界上最白的涂料——這一發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅為
“我們應(yīng)該把這面墻涂成哪種白色”的困境增加了另一個(gè)選擇，而且可能有助于解決氣候危機(jī)。
【8 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“The paint was develped by Purdue mechanical engineering prfessr Xiulin Ruan
and his team. It wrks thrugh a passive cling technlgy that ffers great prmises t reduce space cling cst
and glbal warming.”（這種涂料是由普渡大學(xué)機(jī)械工程教授阮秀林和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)的。它的工作原理是一
種被動(dòng)冷卻技術(shù)，這種技術(shù)很有希望降低空間冷卻成本和全球變暖。）可知，關(guān)于涂料我們知道它是氣候友
好型的。故選 D 項(xiàng)。
【9 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“In a Queens blackut in 2006,175,000 peple were left withut pwer, which lead t
40 deaths. This paint culd effectively be an alternative t air cnditiners in sme places.”（在 2006 年皇后區(qū)的
一次大停電中，17.5 萬人沒有電，導(dǎo)致 40 人死亡。在一些地方，這種涂料可以有效地替代空調(diào)。）可推知，
皇后區(qū)停電事件是為了說明涂料的意義。故選 B 項(xiàng)。
第 10頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
【10 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“The paint reflects 98.1%f slar radiatin while als giving ut infrared (紅外線 )
heat. Because the paint takes in less heat frm the sun than it gives ut, a surface cated with this paint is cled
belw the surrunding temperature withut using pwer. Cvering a rf area f 1,000 square feet with the paint
culd create 10 kilwatts fcling pwer, the researchers fund. “That’s mre pwerful than the air cnditiners
used by mst huses,”Ruan tld This Is Purdue.”（這種涂料能反射 98.1%的太陽輻射，同時(shí)還能發(fā)出紅外線。
由于這種涂料從太陽吸收的熱量比散發(fā)的熱量少，涂上這種涂料的表面可以在不使用電力的情況下冷卻到
周圍溫度以下。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，用這種涂料覆蓋 1000 平方英尺的屋頂可以產(chǎn)生 10 千瓦的冷卻功率。“這比
大多數(shù)家庭使用的空調(diào)更強(qiáng)大，”阮告訴 This Is Purdue。）可知，第 4 段主要談?wù)摿送苛系墓δ芊矫娴膬?nèi)容。
故選 B 項(xiàng)。
【11 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Yu can’t buy the paint just yet, but researchers are partnering with a cmpany t
put the paint n the market. While individual actin t fight elimate change can help save ur planet, it’s imprtant
t nte that the vast majrity f the wrld’s greenhuse gas emissins can be traced back t 100cmpanies. Maybe
we can duse(澆) thse cmpanies with this white paint, t — it culd be wrth a sht.”（你現(xiàn)在還不能買到這
種涂料，但研究人員正在與一家公司合作，將這種涂料推向市場(chǎng)。雖然個(gè)人行動(dòng)對(duì)抗氣候變化可以幫助拯
救我們的地球，但重要的是要注意，世界上絕大多數(shù)溫室氣體排放可以追溯到 100 家公司。也許我們可以
把這些公司也涂上這種白漆——值得一試。）可推知，從最后一段可以得知研究人員希望看到這種涂料在商
業(yè)上的應(yīng)用。故選 C 項(xiàng)。
D
Human respnses t mral dilemmas (兩難選擇) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial
intelligence chatbt ChatGPT, accrding t a study published in Scientific Reprts. The findings indicate that users
may underestimate the extent t which their wn mral judgments can be influenced by the chatbt.
Sebastian Krigel and clleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right t sacrifice (犧牲) the life f
ne persn in rder t save the lives f five thers. They fund that ChatGPT wrte randm statements arguing
bth fr and against sacrificing ne life, indicating that it is nt biased twards a certain mral stance (立場(chǎng)).
The authrs then presented 767 U. S. participants, wh were n average 39 years ld, with a dilemma whether
t sacrifice ne persn’s life t save five thers. Befre answering, participants read a statement prvided by
ChatGPT arguing either fr r against sacrificing ne life t save five. Statements were frm either a mral advisr
r ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
第 11頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
Eighty percent f participants reprted that their answers were nt influenced by the statements they read.
Hwever, the authrs fund that the answers participants believed they wuld have prvided withut reading the
statements were still mre likely t agree with the mral stance f the statement they did read than with the
ppsite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence f ChatGPT’s statements n
their wn mral judgments.
The authrs suggest that the ptential fr chatbts t influence human mral judgments highlights the need fr
educatin t help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They prpse that future research shuld design
chatbts that either decline t answer questins requiring a mral judgment r answer these questins by prviding
multiple arguments and warnings.
12. What are ChatGPT’s answers t a certain mral stance like accrding t Paragraph 2?
A. Incnsistent. B. Valuable. C. Creative. D. Simple.
13. What is learned abut the participants?
A. They admitted the pwer f ChatGPT.
B. They were interviewed by a mral advisr.
C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknwingly.
D. They were presented with different mral dilemmas.
14. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Different findings f the study. B. Future ptentials fr chatbts.
C. Majr fcuses f future educatin. D. Slutins t the impact f chatbts.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. ChatGPT Tends t Cause Mral Panics B. ChatGPT: Is It Likely t Affect Our Life?
C. ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us S Nervus? D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Mral Judgments
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，人類對(duì)道德困境的反
應(yīng)可能會(huì)受到人工智能聊天機(jī)器人 ChatGPT 所寫語句的影響。文章介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，最后
提到了解決聊天機(jī)器人影響的方法。
【12 題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“They fund that ChatGPT wrte randm statements arguing bth fr and against
sacrificing ne life, indicating that it is nt biased twards a certain mral stance (立場(chǎng)).(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，ChatGPT 隨機(jī)
第 12頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
寫出支持或反對(duì)犧牲一條生命的陳述，這表明它并不偏向于某種道德立場(chǎng))”可推知，ChatGPT 對(duì)某種道德
立場(chǎng)的回答不一致。故選 A。
【13 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence f
ChatGPT’s statements n their wn mral judgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了 ChatGPT 的陳述對(duì)他們自己道
德判斷的影響)”可知，參與者在不知不覺中受到了 ChatGPT 的影響。故選 C。
【14 題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“The authrs suggest that the ptential fr chatbts t influence human mral
judgments highlights the need fr educatin t help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They prpse
that future research shuld design chatbts that either decline t answer questins requiring a mral judgment r
answer these questins by prviding multiple arguments and warnings.(作者認(rèn)為，聊天機(jī)器人影響人類道德判斷
的潛力凸顯了教育的必要性，以幫助人類更好地理解人工智能。他們提出，未來的研究應(yīng)該設(shè)計(jì)出這樣的
聊天機(jī)器人：要么拒絕回答需要道德判斷的問題，要么通過提供多種論證和警告來回答這些問題)”可知，
最后一段主要講解決聊天機(jī)器人影響人類道德判斷力的方法。故選 D。
【15 題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Human respnses t mral dilemmas (兩難選擇) can be influenced by statements
written by the artificial intelligence chatbt ChatGPT, accrding t a study published in Scientific Reprts.(發(fā)表在
《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，人類對(duì)道德困境的反應(yīng)可能會(huì)受到人工智能聊天機(jī)器人 ChatGPT 所寫言
論的影響)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence f
ChatGPT’s statements n their wn mral judgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了 ChatGPT 的陳述對(duì)他們自己道
德判斷的影響)”并結(jié)合文章介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，最后提到了解決聊天機(jī)器人影響的方法?？?br>知，D 選項(xiàng)“ChatGPT 可以影響人類的道德判斷”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選 D。
第二節(jié)(共 5 小題；每小題 2.5 分，滿分 12.5 分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
If yu travel t nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, yu will see peple, mstly men wearing T-shirts,
sitting ut n the sidewalks n lw chairs in the shade, playing a game with large rund disks f wd.
____16____ Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States perid. While experts have different pinins as t
wh created Xiangqi and hw it is linked t Western chess, there is n dubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was
a ppular game in China. ____17____ And in the 20th century bth Sun Yat-sen and Zhu Enlai were big fans f
the game.
第 13頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
And, thugh it may lk quite a bit different than Western chess, Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the
pieces can d and hw the game is played. Like Western chess, the bject f the game is t capture the ther player’
s “king”. ____18____
Unlike Western chess, instead f placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed n the intersectins f
lines. Anther big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle
f the bard, which the elephants cannt crss. ____19____ This space refers t an area in China where Liu Bang
and Xiang Yu had a life-r-death war. The war was s influential that “the Chu River and the Han Bundary” has
becme a metaphr(隱喻)referring t any bundary between tw ppsing armies. When the Chinese peple
tday see this name n the bard, the battle scenes cme t their mind, as thugh they are surrunded by thick
smke, able t hear the beating f war drums. ____20____
A. Actually, in Xiangqi he is just a general.
B. During the Qing Dynasty its ppularity grew.
C. It is called “the Chu River and the Han Bundary”.
D. The game is called Xiangqi, a game f rdinary peple.
E. There are many differences between Xiangqi and Western chess.
F. An intense battle is abut t take place n this small chessbard.
G Several sayings related t Xiangqi are in cmmn use in China tday.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)的象棋。
【16 題詳解】
上文“If yu travel t nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, yu will see peple, mstly men wearing
T-shirts, sitting ut n the sidewalks n lw chairs in the shade, playing a game with large rund disks f wd. ”
（如果你在夏天去中國(guó)的任何一個(gè)城市旅行，你會(huì)看到人們，大多數(shù)是穿著 T 恤的男人，坐在人行道上的
陰涼處的矮椅子上，用大圓盤木頭玩游戲）描述了下象棋的景象，下文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the
Warring States perid. ”（象棋的歷史可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國(guó)）介紹象棋可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)代，所以空處應(yīng)該指出
這個(gè)游戲是象棋，D 項(xiàng)“這個(gè)游戲叫象棋，一個(gè)普通人的游戲”符合邏輯關(guān)系。故選 D。
【17 題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States perid. While experts have different pinins as t
第 14頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
wh created Xiangqi and hw it is linked t Western chess, there is n dubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was
a ppular game in China. ”（象棋的歷史可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國(guó)。雖然專家們對(duì)象棋的創(chuàng)造者以及它與西洋象棋的
聯(lián)系有不同的看法，但毫無疑問，到了唐代，象棋在中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為一種流行的游戲）介紹象棋在中國(guó)歷史
悠久，很受歡迎。這里是按時(shí)間順序：戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期—唐朝，所以空處應(yīng)該按照時(shí)間講唐朝之后的一個(gè)時(shí)期，
象棋的發(fā)展情形。B 項(xiàng)“在清朝時(shí)期，它的知名度增加了”符合時(shí)間邏輯關(guān)系。故選 B。
【18 題詳解】
空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Like Western chess, the bject f the game is t capture the ther player’
s “king”. ”（和西洋象棋一樣，這個(gè)游戲的目的是捕捉對(duì)手的“國(guó)王”）推知，空處應(yīng)該講述中國(guó)象棋中的
“王”，A 項(xiàng)“其實(shí)在象棋里他只是個(gè)將軍?！狈项}意。故選 A。
【19 題詳解】
上文“Unlike Western chess, instead f placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed n the intersectins f
lines. Anther big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle
f the bard, which the elephants cannt crss. ”（與西方國(guó)際象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在
直線的交叉點(diǎn)上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大區(qū)別是棋盤中間有一大塊空白，象無法通過）提到中國(guó)象棋中
有個(gè)空間是象不能越過的；下文“This space refers t an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a
life-r-death war. ”（這個(gè)空間指的是中國(guó)的一個(gè)地區(qū)，劉邦和項(xiàng)羽在那里進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)生死戰(zhàn)）提到這個(gè)空
間就是劉邦和項(xiàng)羽打生死戰(zhàn)的地方，所以空處應(yīng)是對(duì)這個(gè)空間進(jìn)行定義，C 項(xiàng)“它被稱為“楚河漢界””
符合邏輯。故選 C。
【20 題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“The war was s influential that “the Chu River and the Han Bundary” has becme a metaphr(隱喻)
referring t any bundary between tw ppsing armies. When the Chinese peple tday see this name n the
bard, the battle scenes cme t their mind, as thugh they are surrunded by thick smke, able t hear the beating
f war drums. ”（這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響是如此之大，以至于“楚漢邊界”已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)隱喻，指的是兩個(gè)敵對(duì)軍
隊(duì)之間的任何邊界。當(dāng)今天的中國(guó)人看到這個(gè)名字在黑板上，戰(zhàn)斗的畫面浮現(xiàn)在他們的腦海中，仿佛被濃
煙包圍，能夠聽到戰(zhàn)鼓的敲擊聲）提到楚河漢界是一種隱喻，因此下象棋時(shí)棋盤也是個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，人們看到這
個(gè)名字就好像沉浸在硝煙四起、戰(zhàn)鼓喧天的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面。F 項(xiàng)“一場(chǎng)激烈的戰(zhàn)斗即將在這個(gè)小棋盤上進(jìn)行”符
合邏輯。故選 F。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)
第一節(jié)(共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并
第 15頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
One summer night in a seaside cttage, a small by was in bed, sund asleep. Suddenly, he felt himself
____21____frm bed and carried in his father’s arms n t the beach. Overhead was the clear starry sky. “Watch!”
As his father spke,____22____, ne f the stars mved. It ____23____acrss the sky like a glden fire. And
befre the ____24____f this culd fade, anther star leapt frm its place, then anther...
“What is it?” the child asked in ____25____.
“Shting stars. They____26____every year n a certain night in August.”
That was all: just an ____27____encunter f smething magic and beautiful. But, back in bed, the child
stared int the dark, with mind full f the falling stars.
I was the____28____seven-year-ld by whse father believed that a new experience ____29____mre fr a
small by than an unbrken night’s sleep.
That night, my father pened a dr fr his child, leading him int an area f splendid____30____.Children
are naturally curius, but they need smene t____31____them. This art f adding new dimensins t a child’s
wrld desn’t ____32____require a great deal f time. It simply____33____ding things mre ften with children
instead f fr them r t them. Gd parents knw this: The mst precius gift they can give a child is t spark
their flame f ____34____That night is still deeply____35____in my memry. Next year, when August cmes with
its shting stars, my sn will be seven.
21. A. hidden B. rbbed C. lifted D. kicked
22. A. incredibly B. accidentally C. apparently D. actually
23. A. explded B. circled C. spread D. flashed
24. A. success B. wnder C. exhibitin D. discvery
25. A. amazement B. hrrr C. relief D. delight
26. A. blw up B. turn up C. shw ff D. give ut
27. A. uncmfrtable B. unbearable C. undetected D. unexpected
28. A. curius B. determined C. frtunate D. chsen
29. A. wrked B. mattered C. deserved D. prved
30. A. newness B. emptiness C. freedm D. innvatin
31. A. prtect B. challenge C. guide D. believe
32. A. abslutely B. basically C. pssibly D. necessarily
33. A. invlves B. risks C. admits D. resists
第 16頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
34. A. hpe B. curisity C. faith D. wisdm
35. A. trapped B. set C. lst D. rted
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了我的父親在我七歲時(shí)的一個(gè)晚上抱我到海灘看流星，激發(fā)了我
的好奇心。進(jìn)而提到好的父母都知道給孩子的最珍貴的禮物就是激發(fā)他們的好奇心。
【21 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，他感到自己被從床上抱起來，被父親抱到海灘上。A. hidden 隱藏；B. rbbed
搶劫；C. lifted 抬起；移開；移動(dòng)；D. kicked 踢。根據(jù)下文“and carried in his father’s arms n t the beach”
可知，此處指他被父親從床上抱起來，故選 C。
【22 題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：頭頂上是晴朗的星空?！翱?！”當(dāng)他的父親說話時(shí)，令人難以置信的是，其中一
顆星星動(dòng)了。A. incredibly 不可思議地；B. accidentally 意外地；C. apparently 明顯地；D. actually 事實(shí)上。
根據(jù)上文“Watch!”及下文“ne f the stars mved”可知，一顆星星在他父親說話的時(shí)候開始移動(dòng)，這讓
人覺得不可思議。故選 A。
【23 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它像一團(tuán)金色的火焰劃過天空。A. explded 爆炸；B. circled 環(huán)繞；盤旋；C. spread
傳播；D. flashed 飛速運(yùn)動(dòng)；掠過。根據(jù)下文“acrss the sky like a glden fire. And befre the 4 f this
culd fade, anther star leapt frm its place, then anther...”可知，此處指星星劃過夜空，故選 D。
【24 題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這奇跡消失之前，另一顆星星從原來的位置躍出，接著又一顆……。A. success
成功； B. wnder 奇跡； C. exhibitin 展覽； D. discvery 發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“ne f the stars mved.”及下
文“anther star leapt frm its place, then anther...”可知，一顆接著一顆星星不斷的在天空中劃過，這是一個(gè)
奇跡。故選 B。
【25 題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這是什么？”孩子驚奇地問。A. amazement 驚奇；驚愕；B. hrrr 驚駭；C. relief
安慰；減輕；D. delight 高興。根據(jù)上文“ne f the stars mved.”及下文“anther star leapt frm its place, then
anther...”可知，星星一顆接著一顆從天空中劃過的景象，對(duì)孩子來說是很驚訝的事。故選 A。
【26 題詳解】
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考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：“流星。它們每年八月的某個(gè)晚上都會(huì)出現(xiàn)?！盇. blw up 爆發(fā)；爆炸；B. turn
up 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；C. shw ff 炫耀；D. give ut 用光；耗盡。根據(jù)上文“ne f the stars mved.”及下文“anther
star leapt frm its place, then anther...”可知，此處指每年八月的某個(gè)晚上流星都會(huì)出現(xiàn)。故選 B。
【27 題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是一切：只是一種神奇而美麗的東西的意外相遇。但是，回到床上，孩
子盯著黑暗，滿腦子都是流星。A. uncmfrtable 不舒服的； B. unbearable 難以忍受的； C. undetected 未被
發(fā)現(xiàn)的；未被覺察的； D. unexpected 意外的；突如其來的。根據(jù)上文“Shting stars”及下文“encunter
f smething magic and beautiful”可知，此處指男孩意外看到流星，故選 D。
【28 題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我就是那個(gè)幸運(yùn)的七歲男孩，我的父親認(rèn)為，對(duì)一個(gè)小男孩來說，新的經(jīng)歷
比一夜的安穩(wěn)睡眠更重要。A. curius 好奇的；B. determined 堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)決的；C. frtunate 幸運(yùn)的；D. chsen
被選中的；根據(jù)前文講述的男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此處作者說自己就是那個(gè)幸運(yùn)的男孩。故選 C。
【29 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. wrked 起效；B. mattered 重要；C. deserved 應(yīng)得到；D. prved 證明。
根據(jù)上文“a new experience ”及下文“mre fr a small by than an unbrken night’s sleep.”可知，此處指新
的經(jīng)歷更重要。故選 B。
【30 題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，父親為他的孩子打開了一扇門，把他帶進(jìn)了一片嶄新的天地。A. newness
新奇；嶄新；B. emptiness 空虛；空曠；C. freedm 自由；D. innvatin 創(chuàng)新；革新。根據(jù)前文“whse father
believed that a new experience 9 mre fr a small by than an unbrken night’s sleep”及下文“This art
f adding new dimensins t a child’s wrld ”可知，我的父親讓我相信新的經(jīng)歷更重要，此處指父親帶我看
到流星現(xiàn)象，讓我了解到新事物。故選 A。
【31 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們天生好奇，但他們需要有人引導(dǎo)。A. prtect 保護(hù)；B. challenge 挑戰(zhàn)；C.
guide 引導(dǎo)；操縱；D. believe 相信。根據(jù)前文“my father pened a dr fr his child, leading him int an area ”
可知，此處指孩子要有人引導(dǎo)。故選 C。
【32 題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這種為孩子的世界增添新維度的藝術(shù)并不一定需要很多時(shí)間。A. abslutely 絕對(duì)
地；B. basically 基本地；C. pssibly 可能地；D. necessarily 必需地；根據(jù)下文“It simply 13 ding things
mre ften with children instead f fr them r t them. ”可知，此處指給孩子的世界增添新維度的藝術(shù)并不一
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定需要很多時(shí)間。故選 D。
【33 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它只是需要更多地與孩子們一起做事情，而不是為他們或?yàn)樗麄冏鍪虑?。A.
invlves 包含；需要；B. risks 冒險(xiǎn)；C. admits 承認(rèn)；D. resists 抵抗；抵制。根據(jù)上文“desn’t 12
require a great deal f time”下文“ding things mre ften with children”可知，為孩子的世界增添新維度需
要父母和孩子們一起做事。故選 A。
【34 題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：好的父母知道這一點(diǎn)：他們能給孩子的最珍貴的禮物是激發(fā)他們的好奇心。A.
hpe 希望；B. curisity 好奇心；C. faith 信任；D. wisdm 智慧。根據(jù)上文“Children are naturally curius”
可知，此處指好的父母知道激發(fā)孩子們的好奇心。故選 B。
【35 題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)夜晚仍然深深地印在我的記憶里。A. trapped 使……陷入困境；B. set 設(shè)置；
C. lst 失去；D. rted 生根。根據(jù)下文“Next year, when August cmes with its shting stars, my sn will be
seven.”可知，我打算在明年的八月份的某個(gè)夜晚帶自己的七歲的孩子看流星，可推知，父親帶我一起看流
星的記憶植根于我的記憶，be rted in 固定搭配，意為“植根于”。故選 D。
第二節(jié)(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Mst peple like t start their day with a nice ht drink. But what heats up must cl dwn, and that can be
frustrating if yu haven’t finished yur drink. Nw, prfessr Dr. Aln Grdetsky in University f Califrnia
Irvine reveals a new inventin: a thermregulatry (溫度調(diào)節(jié)的) material____36____ imitates the way ctpus
(章魚)skin wrks.
Grdetsky ____37____ (fall) in lve with ctpuses the mment he saw a vide f an ctpus hiding itself in
a rck, which led him t create the material ____38____ (inspire) by ctpus skin. Octpuses have the amazing
ability t hide____39____ (they) in their envirnments, using unique rgans in their skin that can shrink and
expand within secnds. As a result, ctpus skin can reflect different____40____ (wavelength) f clur. It is this
aspect f ctpus bilgy that was the inspiratin fr the ____41____ (develp) f the new material. The new
material acts like ctpus skin, expanding r cntracting t reflect heat instead f clr.
This new material culd be used____42____ (create) emergency heating blankets, and it can even help keep
yur cmputers ____43____ verheating. Best f all, ____44____ new thermregulatry material is inexpensive t
prduce, and very envirnmentally friendly as it is durable and____45____ (easy) reusable.
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【答案】36. which##that
37. fell 38. inspired
39. themselves
40. wavelengths
41. develpment
42. t create
43. frm 44. the
45. easily
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種模仿章魚皮膚工作方式的體溫調(diào)節(jié)材料。
【36 題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：現(xiàn)在，加州大學(xué)歐文分校的 Aln Grdetsky 教授揭示了一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明：一種模仿章魚
皮膚工作方式的體溫調(diào)節(jié)材料?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是a thermregulatry (溫度調(diào)節(jié)的) material，
指物，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which/that 引導(dǎo)。故填 which/that。
【37 題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：Grdetsky 在看到一段章魚藏在巖石中的視頻的那一刻就愛上了章魚，這讓他創(chuàng)作了受
章魚皮膚啟發(fā)的材料?？仗帪橹骶渲^語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)從句謂語動(dòng)詞 saw 可知，此處也陳述過去的事情，應(yīng)用
一般過去時(shí)。故填 fell。
【38 題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。定語從句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞 led，空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞，inspire 和邏輯主語 material
之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填 inspired。
【39 題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：章魚有一種神奇的能力，可以將自己隱藏在環(huán)境中，它們皮膚上獨(dú)特的器官可以在幾秒
鐘內(nèi)收縮和擴(kuò)張。當(dāng)賓語和主語所指相同時(shí)，賓語應(yīng)用反身代詞；此處指“章魚自己”應(yīng)用反身代詞
themselves。故填 themselves。
【40 題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：因此，章魚的皮膚可以反射不同波長(zhǎng)的顏色。wavelength“波長(zhǎng)”是可數(shù)名詞，被
different 修飾，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 wavelengths。
【41 題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：正是章魚生物學(xué)的這一方面啟發(fā)了這種新材料的開發(fā)?？仗帒?yīng)填名詞構(gòu)成名詞所有格，
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develpment“開發(fā)”是不可數(shù)名詞，the develpment f the new matrial“這種新材料的開發(fā)”。故填
develpment。
【42 題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這種新材料可以用來制造緊急加熱毯，它甚至可以幫助防止你的電腦過熱。be used
t d“被用來做……”，不定式作目的狀語。故填 t create。
【43 題詳解】
考查介詞。句意同上?！笆埂馐堋ǖ膫Γ笔枪潭ǘ陶Z。故填 frm。
【44 題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：最棒的是，這種新型溫度調(diào)節(jié)材料生產(chǎn)成本低廉，而且非常環(huán)保，因?yàn)樗陀们乙子谥?br>復(fù)使用。此處特指上文提到的那種新型溫度調(diào)節(jié)材料，應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。故填 the。
【45 題詳解】
考查副詞。句意同上。修飾形容詞 reusable 應(yīng)用所給詞 副詞形式。故填 easily。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
46. 你校英文報(bào)就“英語課外閱讀對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的影響”進(jìn)行了問卷調(diào)查。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)寫一篇短
文，內(nèi)容包括：
1.調(diào)查結(jié)果描述；
2.課外閱讀倡議。
I think English extracurricular reading imprves my…
(Percentage f Peple)
Sense f Language 60.50%
Writing 73.80%
Interest in English 78.20%
參考詞匯：extracurricular 課外的
注意：
1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 80 左右；
2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
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【答案】 Recently, ur schl newspaper has cnducted a survey n what English extracurricular reading
brings us.
The survey shws the mst percentage, up t 78.2%, ges t Interest in English, which is imprtant fr
reading achievement. When peple read extensively, they becme better writers and 73.8% f the students think s.
60.5% f the students believe that extracurricular reading helps them imprve sense f language.
English extracurricular reading has a lt t ffer. Let’s read fr pleasure, fr prficiency and fr wisdm!
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是開放性作文。要求考生闡述校英文報(bào)就“英語課外閱讀對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的影響”進(jìn)行的問卷調(diào)
查結(jié)果。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
最近：Recently→lately
實(shí)施：cnduct→carry ut
重要的：imprtant→be f imprtance
提供：ffer→prvide
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：English extracurricular reading has a lt t ffer.
拓展句：English extracurricular reading has a lt that can be ffered.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型 1】The survey shws the mst percentage, up t 78.2%, ges t Interest in English, which is
imprtant fr reading achievement.（由 which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
【高分句型 2】When peple read extensively, they becme better writers and 73.8% f the students think s.（由
When 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）
第二節(jié)(滿分 25 分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a castal city. The greatest pleasure in summer fr them was t swim at their lcal
beach after schl. But ne day they started t lse their enthusiasm fr swimming in the waters. Mre ften than
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nt, they wuld find plastic bags thrwn n the beach. Wrse sill, as they swam in the water, sme plastic bags
wuld flat arund them and even stick t their legs when they walked t the shre.
They were upset and decided smething needed t be dne t stp the beautiful sea becming cnsumed by
waste.One weekend,Maria and Peter brught a big bag t the beach and determined t clean it up. Sweat streamed
dwn frm their frehead while they bent dwn and picked up the plastic bags. T their disappintment, after a day’
s hard wrk, there were still many plastic bags lying n the beach r flating in the water. Ging hme with aching
legs and arms, Maria and Peter were almst defeated by a strng sense f failure.
That night ver dinner with their parents, the pair ate silently. Nticing their lw spirits, Mther asked gently,
“Yu tw lked s dwn. What happened?”Exchanging glances with Peter, Maria replied in a lw vice,“It’s
thse annying plastic bags. We tried t clean up but it was just impssible.”Understanding the pair’s
disappintment, their father patted them n the back and cmfrted,”Well, it’s really hard fr just tw f yu t fix
such a big prblem.”“Just tw f us.”cmplained Maria and Peter, lking at each ther.Suddenly, an idea lashed
thrugh their minds, their eyes shining with excitement.“Yes,that’s the pint! We shuld make mre peple aware
f the prblem and encurage them t take actin!” the pair said in chrus.
注意：
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning.
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Excited and nervus, they psted the vide and article n WeChat.
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【答案】Quickly finishing their dinner, the pair went upstairs and started planning. Maria and Peter decided t take
advantage f the Internet. “Maybe we can write an article t aruse peple's awareness.” Maria prpsed. “Gd
idea! We can als make a vide!" Peter added. The next few hurs witnessed their heated discussin and grwing
cnfidence in a clean and beautiful cast. The next day, they went t the beach and filmed a shrt vide shwing
plastic bags lying n the beach and flating in the sea. Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking
abut the present situatin f the beach and asking peple t take part in the clean-up.
Excited and nervus, they psted the vide and article n WeChat. T their amazement, their pst went viral
nline immediately. Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the
plluted beach and cean. What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity,
encuraged by their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up. Mre and mre peple came t the beach t cllect
plastic bags and they als appealed t thers t avid thrwing r using plastic bags. A year later, with their jint
and cntinuus effrt, the cast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their lng-awaited pleasure.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了住在沿海城市的瑪麗亞和彼得發(fā)現(xiàn)塑料袋被扔在海灘上，對(duì)此很
苦惱，決定要做點(diǎn)什么來阻止美麗的大海被浪費(fèi)掉。于是他們決定通過在網(wǎng)上制作視頻、寫文章來呼吁大
家一起愛護(hù)環(huán)境。視頻和文章得到了人們積極響應(yīng)。在大家的共同和持續(xù)努力下，海岸恢復(fù)了美麗。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“兩人很快吃完晚飯，上樓開始計(jì)劃?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼?Maria and Peter 商量對(duì)策，
決定在網(wǎng)上制作視頻、寫文章來呼吁大家一起愛護(hù)環(huán)境。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“他們既興奮又緊張，在微信上發(fā)布了這段視頻和文章。”可知，第二段可描寫視頻和
文章在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布后得到的反應(yīng)以及大家的行動(dòng)和結(jié)果。
2.續(xù)寫線索：商量——做視頻——呼吁——反應(yīng)——行動(dòng)——沙灘變美
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①利用：take advantage f /make use f
②建議：prpse/suggest /advise
③鼓舞：encurage/inspire
第 24頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)
情緒類
①驚訝：amazement /surprise
②傷心：heartbrken /brken-hearted/sad
【點(diǎn)睛】
[高分句型 1]. Peter, wh was gd at writing, wrte an article talking abut the present situatin f the beach and
asking peple t take part in the clean-up.（運(yùn)用了關(guān)系代詞 wh 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句）
[高分句型 2]. Cuntless cmments flded in saying hw heartbrken they were when lking at the plluted
beach and cean.（由連接詞 hw 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作 saying 的賓語）
[高分句型 3]. What amazed Maria and Peter mre was that numerus peple in their cmmunity, encuraged by
their effrts, ffered t jin in their clean-up.（由連接代詞 what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句和 that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句）
第 25頁(yè)/共 25頁(yè)

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