
本試卷共10頁,100分??荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘??忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效??荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將答題卡交回,試卷自行保存。
第一部分 知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I glanced t my left and right as I gt ready at the starting line. The sight f ther cmpetitrs wh had cnfident and fierce-lking faces gt me gse bumps and I was even mre ___1___ than befre.
“On yur mark, get set... G!” shuted the race fficial. I pushed myself frward with all my ___2___ and started running as thugh a pride f man-eating lins were cming after me. As I ran, I culd see the ther cmpetitrs catching up with me. All f a sudden, I fell dwn n my knees. A hundred pairs f eyes bred int me, watching me ___3___ t get up. But n matter hw hard I tried, I just culd nt d it.
“N, it cannt end like this. I have t ___4___ this race.” I thught t myself. Hwever, the pain frm my injury was s unbearable that I felt ttally ___5___. I really wanted t give up.
Out f despair, I gazed up at the finishing line. Just then, a kind cmpetitr ___6___ her hand t me.
“Thank yu...” I whispered ___7___ as I grabbed her hand and she pulled me up.
She lent me her shulder fr supprt, and I ___8___ frward. The crwd cheered at this brilliant display f ___9___. Tgether, bth f us crssed the finishing line.
Even thugh I never gt the chance t learn her name, I will always remember her as the ne wh stepped frward t help me when I was in _____10_____.
1. A. tiredB. cnfusedC. nervusD. regretful
2. A. jyB. mightC. trubleD. shame
3. A. attemptB. hesitateC. waitD. pretend
4. A. rganizeB. evaluateC. appreciateD. cmplete
5. A. defeatedB. inspiredC. shckedD. relaxed
6. A. wavedB. extendedC. shwedD. pinted
7. A. prudlyB. cautiuslyC. awkwardlyD. gratefully
8. A. mvedB. fellC. bentD. lked
9. A. partnershipB. sprtsmanshipC. leadershipD. friendship
10. A. angerB. dubtC. needD. silence
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者在一次跑步比賽中,摔倒了,膝蓋的疼痛讓作者無法繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。就在作者感到絕望時(shí),旁邊的選手停下來,攙扶著作者走向終點(diǎn)線。這讓作者很是感動(dòng),并會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記住這個(gè)在他需要幫助時(shí),及時(shí)向他伸出援助之手的人。
【1題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:看著旁邊充滿自信且表情兇神惡煞的其他競爭者,我感到渾身起雞皮疙瘩,我比之前更加緊張。A. tired疲憊的;B. cnfused困惑的;C. nervus緊張的;D. regretful后悔的。根據(jù)前文“The sight f ther cmpetitrs wh had cnfident and fierce-lking faces gt me gse bumps”可知,此處指作者看著旁邊的人充滿自信感到更加緊張,故選C。
【2題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我用盡全身力氣向前沖,盡管后面一群吃人的獅子緊跟在我后面。A. jy高興,喜悅;B. might強(qiáng)大力量,威力;C. truble困難;D. shame羞愧。根據(jù)后文“and started running”可知,此處指我用盡全身強(qiáng)大的力量先前沖,故選B。
【3題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:一百雙眼睛盯著我看,看我努力試圖爬起來。A. attempt企圖,努力;B. hesitate猶豫;C. wait等待;D. pretend假裝。根據(jù)前文“All f a sudden, I fell dwn n my knees.”可知,此處指我在賽跑時(shí)摔倒了,故努力試圖爬起來,故填A(yù)。
【4題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我心里想:“不,不能就這樣結(jié)束了。我必須完成這次比賽”。A. rganize組織;B. evaluate評估,評價(jià);C. appreciate欣賞,感激;D. cmplete完成。根據(jù)前文“N, it cannt end like this.”可知,此處指不能就這樣結(jié)束,我必須完成這次比賽,故選D。
【5題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:但是,我膝蓋上的疼痛如此無法忍受,以至于我感覺很泄氣。A. defeated泄氣的,受挫的;B. inspired受到鼓舞的;C. shcked震驚的;D. relaxed放松的。根據(jù)上文“Hwever, the pain frm my injury was s unbearable ”以及后文“I really wanted t give up.”可知,此處指我想放棄,因此我是感覺很泄氣的,故選A。
【6題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:就在這時(shí),一個(gè)善良的競爭者向我伸出了手。A. waved揮手;B. extended延伸,伸出;C. shwed展示;D. pinted指向。根據(jù)后文“as I grabbed her hand and she pulled me up”可知,此處指她向我伸出手,故選B。
【7題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我抓住她的手,她把我拉起來的時(shí)候,我感激地說著“謝謝你”。A. prudly驕傲地;B. cautiusly謹(jǐn)慎地;C. awkwardly尷尬地;D. gratefully感激地。根據(jù)前文“a kind cmpetitr ___6___ her hand t me.”可知,此處指我很感激那個(gè)向我伸出手的競爭者,因此是感激地說著謝謝,故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她把肩膀借給我支撐,我向前移動(dòng)。A. mved移動(dòng);B. fell摔,落;C. bent彎腰;D. lked看。根據(jù)后文“Tgether, bth f us crssed the finishing line.”可知,此處指我支撐著她的肩膀,向終點(diǎn)線移動(dòng),故選A。
【9題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:觀眾為這種杰出的體育精神而歡呼。A. partnership合伙,合作關(guān)系;B. sprtsmanship體育精神;C. leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能;D. friendship友誼。根據(jù)前文“Tgether, bth f us crssed the finishing line.”可知,此處指我在比賽中摔倒了,旁邊的人扶著我走向終點(diǎn),這是一種體育精神,故選B。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管我不知道她的名字,但我將永遠(yuǎn)記得她,因?yàn)樗窃谖矣行枰獣r(shí),走上前來幫助我的那個(gè)人。A. anger怒氣;B. dubt疑惑;C. need需要;D. silence沉默。根據(jù)前文“Out f despair, I gazed up at the finishing line. Just then, a kind cmpetitr ___6___ her hand t me.”可知,此處指她在我需要幫助時(shí),向我伸出了援助之手,故選C。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
A
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
When I was seven years ld, I caught a cld and had t stay at hme. My parents had t wrk, s my neighbr came ver t lk after me. She read many different bks t me ____11____ (patient), including adventures set in ancient times, travel stries, family dramas, histrical nvels, etc. T my jy, ____12____ (listen) t each bk made me feel like watching a mvie, but better because bks gave much mre details than mvies. She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating frm cllege, I ____13____ (have) a jb teaching English. I hpe that I can transfer the lve f reading t my students.
【答案】11. patiently
12. listening
13. will have##am ging t have
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者小時(shí)候,鄰居激發(fā)了作者的閱讀興趣。
【11題詳解】
考查副詞。句意:她耐心地給我讀了很多不同的書,包括古代冒險(xiǎn)故事、旅行故事、家庭劇、歷史小說等。修飾動(dòng)詞,用副詞形式。故填patiently。
【12題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:讓我高興的是,每聽一本書都讓我感覺像在看電影,但更好,因?yàn)闀入娪疤峁┝烁嗟募?xì)節(jié)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中缺少主語,所以用動(dòng)名詞作主語。故填listening。
【13題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:明年,大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,我將有一份教英語的工作。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Next year可知,用一般將來時(shí)。故填will have/am ging t have。
B
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Beijing Olympic Park, als ____14____ (knw) as the Olympic Green, is lcated in Chayang District, Beijing, with a ttal land area f 11.59 square kilmeters. The famus Natinal Stadium r “Bird’s Nest” is the centerpiece f the park, ____15____ the pening and clsing ceremnies f the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were hsted. The Natinal Aquatics Center r “Water Cube” hsted the swimming, diving and synchrnized swimming events. It was transfrmed ____16____ the “Ice Cube” fr the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and detachable curling tracks were built n the swimming pl t hst curling events.
【答案】14. knwn
15. where 16. int##t
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。介紹了北京奧林匹克公園。
【14題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:北京奧林匹克公園,又稱奧林匹克公園,位于北京市朝陽區(qū),總土地面積11.59平方公里。根據(jù)句子分析可知,此處作定語,主語Beijing Olympic Park與knw之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填knwn。
【15題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意:著名的國家體育館或者“鳥巢”是公園的中心,在這里舉辦了2022年北京冬奧會(huì)的開幕式和閉幕式。根據(jù)句子分析可知,此處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為The famus Natinal Stadium r “Bird’s Nest”,在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
【16題詳解】
考查介詞。句意:為2022年北京冬奧會(huì)和殘運(yùn)會(huì),將它改造成了“冰立方”,并在游泳池上建造了可拆卸的冰壺跑道,以舉辦冰壺比賽。根據(jù)句意可知,此處意為“轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?,改變?yōu)椤?,表達(dá)為be transfrmed int/t。故填int/t。
C
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Wrld Envirnment Day (WED) is a day we all need t put in ur ____17____ (diary). It happens n June 5 every year and shuld be ne f the mst imprtant days f the hliday calendar. WED ____18____ (create) in 1972 by the United Natins General Assembly. The envirnment wasn’t such a big issue back then. But it is ne f the httest tpics in the wrld tday. WED helps raise wrldwide awareness f the threats t ur envirnment. ____19____ peple can d that day is t start changing lifestyles t reduce their carbn ftprint. Many envirnmental agencies rganize events based n different themes each year. These events encurage bth gvernments and lcal cmmunities t wrk tgether ____20____ (handle) envirnmental prblems.
【答案】17. diaries
18. was created
19. What 20. t handle
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界環(huán)境日。
【17題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:世界環(huán)境日是我們每個(gè)人都需要記在日記里的一天。名詞diary為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)形容詞性物主代詞ur可知,用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填diaries。
【18題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:世界環(huán)境日由聯(lián)合國大會(huì)于1972年創(chuàng)立。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 1972可知,用一般過去時(shí)。主語WED是單數(shù),與create之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was created。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞性從句。句意:人們在這一天能做的就是開始改變生活方式來減少碳足跡。本句為主語從句,從句缺少賓語,指物,所以用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填What。
【20題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:這些活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)政府和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)共同努力解決環(huán)境問題。句中用不定式作目的狀語。故填t handle。
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject. The prject will help new students meet current students at IBI wh can prvide them with sme friendly cmpany during their first mnths in Newcastle and help them with any small prblems that they may have.
What’s in it fr yu?
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a vlunteer, it will be persnally satisfying t knw that yu are able t help new students. It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives. If yu are an verseas student, it will give yu anther pprtunity t practise speaking English.
Respnsibilities f buddies
·Telephne and arrange t make cntact with the new student.
·Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area. Answer questins abut living in Newcastle and administratin prcedures at IBI.
·Arrange t meet the new student ne mrning r afternn ne weekend early in the semester, and take the student t places that yu enjy in Newcastle.
·Be prepared t take phne calls frm the new student t answer further questins that he/she may have frm time t time. Meet t explain infrmatin t the new student in persn, if required.
·Yu will be matched t an individual new student. Hwever, if yu have friends wh are als buddies, yu might prefer t frm a supprt grup tgether. This wuld mean that yu meet the new students as a grup rather than ne-n-ne.
·Being a buddy is vluntary. There is n “requirement” t prvide assistance beynd the help utlined abve.
Please nte that if yu agree t becme a peer supprt buddy yu will be expected t fulfil yur rle cnscientiusly and cheerfully. It will be imprtant t be cnsiderate and reliable s that the student can feel cnfident in yur supprt.
21. Accrding t the passage, what benefit can yu get frm being a buddy?
A. Yu can learn hw t be a cnfident persn.
B. It is easy fr yu t find sme friendly cmpany.
C. Yu can be rewarded with bth mney and prizes.
D. It may be helpful fr yur future studies and career.
22. As a buddy, yu need t ________.
A. frm a supprt grup with ther vlunteers at IBI
B. prvide assistance in studying each subject after class
C. meet the new student every mrning early in the semester
D. help the new student get familiar with his r her surrundings
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing this passage?
A. T intrduce campus life fr new students.
B. T attract ptential vlunteers t be peer supprters.
C. T ffer an pprtunity t practise speaking English.
D. T prvide sme infrmatin abut studying verseas.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文,文章主要介紹了國際商業(yè)學(xué)院(IBI)計(jì)劃設(shè)立的‘幫助伙伴項(xiàng)目’的好處以及其成員的責(zé)任。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What’s in it fr yu?部分中“It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives.(它還會(huì)幫助你建立對你未來的學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)生涯有價(jià)值的聯(lián)系)”可知,成為伙伴幫助者可能對你未來的學(xué)習(xí)和職業(yè)有幫助。故選D。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Respnsibilities f buddies部分第二點(diǎn)中“Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area.(與學(xué)生見面,并帶他/她參觀校園和當(dāng)?shù)氐貐^(qū))”可知,作為一名伙伴幫助者,你需要幫助新生熟悉環(huán)境。故選D。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容,結(jié)合第一段中“T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject.(為了幫助新生,國際商業(yè)學(xué)院(IBI)計(jì)劃設(shè)立‘幫助伙伴項(xiàng)目’)”可知,文章主要介紹了國際商業(yè)學(xué)院(IBI)計(jì)劃設(shè)立的‘幫助伙伴項(xiàng)目’的好處以及其成員的責(zé)任,目的是吸引潛在的志愿者成為伙伴幫助者。故選B。
B
Brn with severe hearing lss, Li has fund her way t cmmunicate with the wrld—thrugh painting.
Befre learning t paint, Li always felt lnely in a silent wrld. She knew she was different frm her peers because she culd nt hear. But a painting class in primary schl pened fr her a dr t creativity and a way f expressin.
“I still remember my first mural, which was t help a kindergarten t design and paint its wall,” Li says. “The prject made me realize hw happy I was immersing myself int painting.”
T pursue her passin fr art, Li went t study advertising design at a vcatinal and technical schl. “Painting brushes can help me create a clrful wrld in my imaginatin, telling my thughts n paper, instead f thrugh vices,” Li said.
Graduating frm cllege in 2005, Li gt a jb as a typist at a public institute. But she culd nt cmmunicate well with her ther clleagues. Her husband understd hw she felt because he lst his hearing due t medicatin when he was 1 year ld. He is als an art lver. In March 2016, under her husband’s suggestin, Li quit her jb and jined her husband’s cmpany, which specializes in 3D wall and grund paintings.
Wall painting is a demanding jb because it requires peple t wrk utdrs, whether in extremely cld r ht weather. As all the peple are hearing-impaired in their cmpany, cmmunicatin with clients is the mst cmmn challenge that the team faces.
Nw in many parks and scenic spts, the cuple have created large-scale murals and interactive pavement painting that make nlkers a part f the drawings.
“My husband and I want t intrduce painting t mre peple like us and help them find their wn way t make a living,” Li says. Nw Li has an apprentice wh just graduated frm cllege. While caching the newcmer, Li is explring her wn style and hpes t becme an illustratr and pen her wn exhibitin ne day.
“They’re energetic yung peple with a passin t create new things, and yu can feel that in their paintings,” ne f their clients said. “They’re als a prfessinal, dedicated team, ften wrking late int the night n the designs fr us.”
Li hpes that their stries can encurage mre hearing-impaired peple t build their wn careers and achieve their gals, regardless f hw tugh it may be.
24. Accrding t the passage, the painting class in primary schl ________.
A. started Li’s first advertising design
B. helped Li find a new way t express herself
C. made Li learn abut 3D wall and grund paintings
D. turned Li’s dream f pening an exhibitin int reality
25. What can we knw frm this passage?
A. Li can cmmunicate with her clients easily.
B. Li lst her hearing when she was I year ld.
C. Li and her husband have created many wnderful paintings.
D. Li and her husband hpe t becme illustratrs in the future.
26. T help peple with hearing lss, what des Li intend t d?
A. Dnate mney t them.B. Design painting gifts fr them.
C. Inspire them t create their wn careers.D. Supprt them t cmplete cllege educatin.
27. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. One is never t ld t learn.B. Failure is the mther f success.
C. Accepting what yu have makes yu happy.D. Nthing is impssible t the man wh will try.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Li天生聽力嚴(yán)重受損,但她通過繪畫找到了與世界交流的方式,她希望她的故事能鼓勵(lì)那些與她一樣聽力受損的人建立自己的事業(yè),實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But a painting class in primary schl pened fr her a dr t creativity and a way f expressin.(但小學(xué)的繪畫課為她打開了一扇通往創(chuàng)造力和表達(dá)方式的大門。)”可知,小學(xué)的繪畫課為她打開了創(chuàng)造力與表達(dá)自己的大門。故選B項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“Nw in many parks and scenic spts, the cuple have created large-scale murals and interactive pavement painting that make nlkers a part f the drawings.(現(xiàn)在,在很多公園和景區(qū),這對夫婦創(chuàng)作了大型壁畫和互動(dòng)路面繪畫,讓旁觀者成為繪畫的一部分。)”可知,在許多公園和景點(diǎn)都能見到Li與她丈夫的作品,由此可知,她與她丈夫創(chuàng)作了許多美好的繪畫。故選C。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Li hpes that their stries can encurage mre hearing-impaired peple t build their wn careers and achieve their gals, regardless f hw tugh it may be.(Li希望他們的故事可以鼓勵(lì)更多的聽障人士建立自己的事業(yè)并實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo),無論多么艱難。)”可知,Li希望用自己的故事激勵(lì)那些跟她一樣聽力受損的人無論有多難,要建立自己的事業(yè),實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故選C項(xiàng)。
27題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Brn with severe hearing lss, Li has fund her way t cmmunicate with the wrld—thrugh painting.(天生患有嚴(yán)重的聽力損失,李找到了與世界交流的方式——通過繪畫。)”可知,Li雖聽力受損,但她仍找到了與世界溝通的方式——繪畫,根據(jù)第四段中的“T pursue her passin fr art, Li went t study advertising design at a vcatinal and technical schl.(為了追求自己對藝術(shù)的熱情,李去一所職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)廣告設(shè)計(jì)。)”可知,她為追求自己對藝術(shù)熱愛,她上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)廣告設(shè)計(jì),并順利畢業(yè),找到一份工作,但她不滿意自己的工作狀況,又辭職與她丈夫從事3D墻面和地面繪畫,并在各公園和旅游景點(diǎn)創(chuàng)作許多的藝術(shù)作品,由此可知,本文主要告訴我們的是,只要肯努力,沒有什么不可能。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Vast underwater meadws (草甸) f gently waving sea grass cver hundreds f miles up and dwn the West Cast. These blue-green fields perfrm a variety f imprtant services. They prtect the shreline frm ersin, clear pllutants frm the water and prvide habitats fr all kinds f marine animals.
New research suggests sea grass meadws may als mitigate a serius cnsequence f greenhuse gas emissins: the steady acidificatin f cean waters. The study published in the jurnal Glbal Change Bilgy finds that sea grass frests can raise pH levels in castal waters. As they perfrm phtsynthesis (光合作用), they remve carbn dixide frm the water, cunteracting the acidifying effect f the gas.
“I think we are all very excited abut it,” said lead study authr Aurra Ricart, a scientist at the Bigelw Labratry fr Marine Sciences.
Ocean acidificatin is a side effect f rising carbn dixide levels in the atmsphere. Sme f this CO2 disslves ut f the air and int the sea causing a chemical reactin that lwers the water’s pH. Scientists smetimes refer t it as glbal warming’s “evil twin”—an invisible cmpanin t climate change.
Ocean acidificatin can have harmful effects n marine rganisms like shellfish and cral by preventing them frm prperly frming the hard shells they need t survive. It’s a threat bth t natural ecsystems and t shellfish fisheries arund the wrld. The study presents a natural way t address the prblem.
Researchers analyzed six years f data frm sea grass meadws spanning mre than 600 miles ff the Califrnia castline. It fcused n the cmmn eelgrass, ne f the mst widespread sea grass species n the West Cast. The authrs claim it’s the largest, mst cmprehensive study f its kind.
Accrding t the study, sea grass ecsystems can raise pH levels by mre than 0.1 unit, equivalent t abut a 30% decrease in acidity. The effect isn’t cnstant. It cmes in waves and is influenced by temperature, daylight, cean currents and ther factrs that affect water chemistry and sea grass phtsynthesis rates. But the tempering influence n acidificatin can be lasting, smetimes persisting fr up t three weeks at a time. The study als shws that pH is higher in sea grass ecsystems, cmpared t nearby areas with n sea grass, abut 65% f the time.
The study didn’t investigate the effects f higher pH n marine rganisms — that’s a questin fr future research. But there’s reasn t believe these meadws may have a psitive influence n shellfish and ther cean animals.
28. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Sea grass frests can lwer pH levels f castal waters.
B. Shellfish and crals are nt affected by cean acidificatin.
C. Sea grass meadws can help remve pllutants frm the sea water.
D. The effects f higher pH n marine rganisms were investigated in this study.
29. What des the underlined wrd “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Relieve.B. Present.C. Cause.D. Predict.
30. Paragraph 7 tells us the research ________.
A. findingsB. prcessC. questinsD. reflectin
31. Why des the authr write this passage?
A. T illustrate the serius situatin f climate change.
B. T present the living cnditins f the underwater meadws.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f research n marine pllutin.
D. T intrduce a natural way t slve the prblem f cean acidificatin.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文,文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),海草草甸還可以緩解由溫室氣體排放導(dǎo)致的海水持續(xù)酸化。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“They prtect the shreline frm ersin, clear pllutants frm the water and prvide habitats fr all kinds f marine animals.(它們保護(hù)海岸線免受侵蝕,清除水中的污染物,為各種海洋動(dòng)物提供棲息地)”可知,海草草甸可以幫助去除海水中的污染物。故選C。
【29題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“The study published in the jurnal Glbal Change Bilgy finds that sea grass frests can raise pH levels in castal waters. As they perfrm phtsynthesis (光合作用), they remve carbn dixide frm the water, cunteracting the acidifying effect f the gas.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《全球變化生物學(xué)》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),海草林可以提高沿海水域的pH值。當(dāng)它們進(jìn)行光合作用時(shí),它們會(huì)從水中去除二氧化碳,抵消氣體的酸化作用)”可知,海草能去除水中的二氧化碳,從而抵消氣體的酸化作用,由此可推知,畫線詞所在句意為“新的研究表明,海草草地還可以緩解溫室氣體排放的嚴(yán)重后果:海水的持續(xù)酸化”,mitigate意為“緩解”。故選A。
【30題詳解】
段落大意題。根據(jù)第七段內(nèi)容,結(jié)合本段首句“Accrding t the study, sea grass ecsystems can raise pH levels by mre than 0.1 unit, equivalent t abut a 30% decrease in acidity.(根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究,海草生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可以將pH值提高0.1個(gè)單位以上,相當(dāng)于酸度降低30%左右)”以及末句“The study als shws that pH is higher in sea grass ecsystems, cmpared t nearby areas with n sea grass, abut 65% f the time.(研究還表明,與附近沒有海草的地區(qū)相比,海草生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的pH值在65%的時(shí)間里更高)”可知,本段主要告訴我們這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果。故選A。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容,結(jié)合第二段中“New research suggests sea grass meadws may als mitigate a serius cnsequence f greenhuse gas emissins: the steady acidificatin f cean waters.(新的研究表明,海草草地還可以緩解溫室氣體排放的嚴(yán)重后果:海水的持續(xù)酸化)”及第五段最后一句“The study presents a natural way t address the prblem.(這項(xiàng)研究提出了一種解決這一問題的自然方法)”可知,文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),海草草甸可以緩解由溫室氣體排放導(dǎo)致的海水持續(xù)酸化,故本文目的是介紹一種解決海洋酸化問題的自然方法。故選D。
D
When special ccasins such as birthdays r ther big hliday events cme arund, parents ften lk fr that special ty fr their children. But there is a grwing understanding that gifts f time and bnding, such as vacatins and ther experiences, make better and mre lasting gifts fr children.
Experts agree that gifting children with memrable trips and fun experiences is better fr their bdy and mind, and has crrespnding psitive impacts n the rest f the family!
In a 2017 study that surveyed abut 500 wmen between 18 and 93 years ld, Dr. Oravecz, a human develpment and family studies prfessr at Pennsylvania State University, asked, “Mst peple feel lved when...” The study shwed that the mst ppular answers had nthing t d with any material item. Dr. Oravecz said, “Our research fund that micr-mments f psitivity, like a kind wrd, a hug with a child r a sympathetic expressin, make peple feel mst lved.”
Clinical psychlgist Oliver James agrees. He stated that as ppsed t tys, details frm a trip are mre likely t “stick with them fr lng after the vacatin ends.” When families interact in a stress-free envirnment, this creates warm, generus feelings twards ne anther, which are likely t be remembered with fndness. Vacatins create strng emtinal respnses that dn’t ften cme with material pssessins.
In additin, British child psychlgist Dr. Margt Sunderland believes that vacatins make children smarter. “What is less widely knwn is that vacatins can als advance brain develpment in children. This is because n a family vacatin, yu are exercising tw genetically ingrained systems deep in the brain’s limbic (邊緣的) area, which can all t easily be ‘unexercised’ in the hme.” Citing the wrk f neurscientist Jaak Panksepp, Dr. Sunderland said, “These are the PLAY system and the SEEKING system.” “The brain’s PLAY system is exercised every time yu bury yur child’s feet in the sand r take them fr a ride n yur back. The SEEKING system is exercised each time yu g explring tgether: the beach, a cave, a hidden village...” She cntinued, “S when yu take yur child n a vacatin, yu are supprting their explrative urge (SEEKING system)—a vital resurce fr living life well, and their capacity t play (PLAY system). In adulthd, this translates int the ability t play with ideas—essential, fr example, t the successful entrepreneur(企業(yè)家).”
In a busy husehld, perhaps the fun f having the latest ty may nt last, but the space it ccupies in the huse culd be there and gather dust. S fr the next rund f gift-giving with the children, cnsider an experiential gift instead. The return is definitely priceless.
32. Frm Dr. Oravecz’s study, we knw that ________.
A. hearing kind wrds can make a persn feel mst lved
B. a special ty fr a birthday is mre lasting fr children
C. wmen at the age f 18 and 93 years ld feel mre lved
D. the feeling f being lved is clsely related t material gifts
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. The capacity t play can translate int the ability t seek.
B. The SEEKING system can develp when adventuring in the wild.
C. PLAY and SEEKING systems are mre easily exercised at hme.
D. Burying yur child’s feet in the mud is exercising the SEEKING system.
34. Accrding t the passage, the authr may agree that ________.
A. material gifts are better fr a child’s bdy and mind
B. children spending vacatins with their parents are mre generus
C. trips with family can frm better emtinal interactins than material gifts
D. vacatins with emplyees are a waste f time fr a successful entrepreneur
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。講述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在重大節(jié)日時(shí),給孩子時(shí)間和感情的禮物,會(huì)給孩子們帶來更好、更持久的禮物。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Dr. Oravecz said, “Our research fund that micr-mments f psitivity, like a kind wrd, a hug with a child r a sympathetic expressin, make peple feel mst lved.”(Oravecz博士說道:“我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),小的積極時(shí)刻,比如說一句友善的話語、與孩子的擁抱或者同情的表情,會(huì)最讓人感到被愛”。)”可知,聽到友善的話語會(huì)最讓人感覺到被愛,故選A。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“The SEEKING system is exercised each time yu g explring tgether: the beach, a cave, a hidden village...” She cntinued, “S when yu take yur child n a vacatin, yu are supprting their explrative urge (SEEKING system)—a vital resurce fr living life well, and their capacity t play (PLAY system). In adulthd, this translates int the ability t play with ideas—essential, fr example, t the successful entrepreneur(企業(yè)家).” (每次那么一起探索時(shí),都會(huì)使用到尋找系統(tǒng):沙灘、洞穴、隱藏的村莊……她繼續(xù)說道:“所以,當(dāng)你帶孩子度假時(shí),你是在支持他們的探索沖動(dòng)(也就是尋找系統(tǒng))——這是過好生活的重要資源,也是他們玩耍的能力(玩耍系統(tǒng))”。成年后,這將轉(zhuǎn)化為對成功企業(yè)家至關(guān)重要的想法的能力。)”可推知,你在帶孩子探索時(shí),是在支持他們的探索系統(tǒng),故當(dāng)在野外探索時(shí),探索系統(tǒng)會(huì)得到一定的發(fā)展,故選B。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“S fr the next rund f gift-giving with the children, cnsider an experiential gift instead. The return is definitely priceless. (因此,在下一輪給孩子送禮物時(shí),可以考慮體驗(yàn)式禮物。其帶來的回報(bào)是無價(jià)的。)”可推知,作者在最后建議家長下次給孩子送禮物的時(shí)候,送體驗(yàn)式禮物,故作者同意,比起物質(zhì)禮物,與家人一起的旅行更能促進(jìn)家人之間的情感交流,故選C。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Has anyne ever tld yu, “Stand up straight!” r sclded yu fr sitting lazily at a family dinner? Cmments like that might be annying, but they’re nt wrng.
____35____ It is the fundatin fr every mvement yur bdy makes, and can determine hw well yur bdy adapts t the stresses n it. These stresses can be things like carrying weight, r sitting in an awkward psitin. ____36____
If yur psture isn’t gd enugh, yur muscles have t wrk harder t keep yu upright and balanced. Sme muscles will becme tight and inflexible. ____37____ It increases the likelihd f accidents, and makes sme rgans, like yur lungs, less efficient.
S what des gd psture lk like? If yu’re sitting, yur neck shuld be vertical, nt tilted frward. Yur shulders shuld be relaxed with yur arms clse t yur trunk. Yur knees shuld be at a right angle with yur feet flat n the flr. But what if yur psture can’t be that great? ____38____ Fr example, adjust yur screen s it’s at r slightly belw eye level. Make sure all parts f yur bdy, like yur elbws and wrists, are supprted.
It’s als nt enugh t just have gd psture. Keeping yur muscles and jints mving is extremely imprtant. In fact, being still fr lng perids with gd psture can be wrse than regular mvement with bad psture. ____39____ And be sure t exercise. Using yur muscles will keep them strng enugh t supprt yu effectively, n tp f all the ther benefits t yur jints, bnes, brain and heart.
A. Try redesigning yur envirnment.
B. Yu adjust yur bdy unless yu feel tired.
C. S if yu sit a lt, get up and mve arund n ccasin.
D And the big ne that we all experience every day is gravity.
E. Besides, pr psture leads t extra wear and tear n yur jints.
F. Psture can even influence yur emtinal state and yur sensitivity t pain.
G. Yur psture refers t the way yu hld yur bdy when yu’re sitting r standing.
【答案】35. G 36. D 37. E 38. A 39. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。主要介紹了站姿和坐姿不正確的危害以及調(diào)整方式。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“It is the fundatin fr every mvement yur bdy makes, and can determine hw well yur bdy adapts t the stresses n it.(它是你身體所有動(dòng)作的基礎(chǔ),并且能決定你的身體對壓力的適應(yīng)程度。)”可知,空后的it指代的是G項(xiàng)“你的姿勢是你坐著或站著的時(shí)候你支撐身體的方式?!敝械膟ur psture,本空介紹了什么是你的姿勢,空后說明姿勢的功能,故選G項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“These stresses can be things like carrying weight, r sitting in an awkward psitin.(這些壓力可以是負(fù)重或坐在一個(gè)不舒服的位置。)”可知,空前介紹了身體所承受壓力有負(fù)重和坐在不舒服的位置,故D項(xiàng)“我們每天承受的最大壓力就是重力”符合,本空進(jìn)一步介紹我們每天要承受的壓力還有重力,故選D項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Sme muscles will becme tight and inflexible.(一些肌肉會(huì)變得緊,變得僵硬。)”可知,E項(xiàng)“而且,不良的姿勢會(huì)對你的關(guān)節(jié)造成額外的磨損?!笔强涨暗捻樍x承接,空前提出了不良姿勢會(huì)讓身體肌肉變得緊,變得僵硬,本空的“Besides”,進(jìn)一步說明不良姿勢會(huì)造成關(guān)節(jié)的額外磨損,故選E項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“But what if yur psture can’t be that great?(但是,如果你的姿勢不可能那么好呢?)”和空后“Fr example, adjust yur screen s it’s at r slightly belw eye level. Make sure all parts f yur bdy, like yur elbws and wrists, are supprted.(例如,調(diào)整屏幕,使其處于或略低于眼鏡水平。確保你的身體的所有部位,如肘部和手腕,都得到支撐。)”可知,空前提出問題,空后舉例說明要調(diào)整屏幕,故A項(xiàng)“試著重新調(diào)整你的環(huán)境”符合,如果姿勢不能那么好,那就選擇調(diào)整環(huán)境你,故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“In fact, being still fr lng perids with gd psture can be wrse than regular mvement with bad psture.(事實(shí)上,以良好的姿勢長時(shí)間靜止可能比以不良姿勢進(jìn)行有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)更糟糕。)”可知,空前提出了良好姿勢的長時(shí)間靜止比以不良姿勢運(yùn)動(dòng)更糟糕,故C項(xiàng)“因此,如果你經(jīng)常坐著,偶爾要站起來走動(dòng)一下”符合,空前提出了長時(shí)間靜止對身體并不好,故要偶爾站起來走動(dòng)一下,故選C項(xiàng)。
第三部分 書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié),32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分)
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。
Thrughut ur lives, we are faced with many different learning experiences. Sme f these experiences have made mre f an impact than thers. This can be due t different intelligences r learning styles. A persn’s learning style r “intelligence” is the methd thrugh which they gain infrmatin mst easily.
The thery f multiple intelligences was prpsed in 1983 by Dr. Gardner in his bk Frames f Mind: The Thery f Multiple Intelligences, and it suggests that traditinal ideas abut intelligence, measured by standardized IQ tests, are very limited. Accrding t him, eight different intelligences are prpsed t describe the range f different abilities in children and adults. They are: linguistic intelligence, lgical-mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence, bdily-kinesthetic intelligence, musical intelligence, interpersnal intelligence, intrapersnal intelligence, and naturalistic intelligence.
Sme schls fcus attentin n linguistic and lgical-mathematical intelligences. Hwever, Dr. Gardner says that we shuld place equal attentin n peple wh pssess the ther intelligences: designers, athletes, musicians, salesmen, psychlgists, and bilgists.
Educatin can be much mre interesting and help mre students t learn mre effectively if teachers are encuraged t present lessns in a wide variety f ways using music, grup wrk, art activities, rle-play, multimedia, field trips, amng thers. The gd news is that hundreds f schls are currently using the thery f multiple intelligences t design the way they educate children. By ding s, students will perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds. Understanding a student’s learning style can help later in life and lead them int a mre fulfilling career directin.
The thery f multiple intelligences als gives adults a whle new way t lk at their lives, examining ptentials that they left behind in their childhd, such as a lve fr art r drama. They may nw have the pprtunity t develp these thrugh hbbies r ther prgrams f self-develpment.
40. Accrding t the passage, what is a persn’s learning style?
__________________________________________________________________________
41. What des Dr. Gardner use the eight intelligences t describe?
__________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T help students perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds, schls shuld fcus n linguistic and lgical-mathematical intelligences.
__________________________________________________________________________
43. Which intelligence d yu want t develp mst? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. A persn’s learning style r “intelligence” is the methd thrugh which they gain infrmatin mst easily.
41. T describe the range f different abilities in children and adults.
42. T help students perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds, schls shuld fcus n linguistic and lgical-mathematical intelligences.
T help students perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds, schls shuld use the thery f multiple intelligences t design the way they educate children.
43. I want t develp my spatial intelligence mst. Because I think a sense f space is very imprtant t a persn. In additin, I am interested in architecture and wuld like t be a building designer when I graduate frm university.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的概念以及八種不同的智力和學(xué)校所采取的教育模式。
【40題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“A persn’s learning style r “intelligence” is the methd thrugh which they gain infrmatin mst easily.(一個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格或“智力”是他們最容易獲得信息的方法)”可知,一個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格或“智力”是他們最容易獲得信息的方法。故答案為A persn’s learning style r “intelligence” is the methd thrugh which they gain infrmatin mst easily.
【41題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“Accrding t him, eight different intelligences are prpsed t describe the range f different abilities in children and adults.(他提出了八種不同的智力來描述兒童和成人不同能力的范圍)”可知,加德納博士用八種智能來描述兒童和成人不同能力的范圍。故答案為T describe the range f different abilities in children and adults.
【42題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The gd news is that hundreds f schls are currently using the thery f multiple intelligences t design the way they educate children. By ding s, students will perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds.(好消息是,目前有數(shù)百所學(xué)校正在使用多元智能理論來設(shè)計(jì)他們教育孩子的方式。通過這樣做,學(xué)生們會(huì)表現(xiàn)得更好,并在腦海中儲存更多重要的信息)”可知,為了幫助學(xué)生表現(xiàn)得更好,并在腦海中儲存更多重要信息,學(xué)校應(yīng)該使用多元智能理論來設(shè)計(jì)教育孩子的方式。錯(cuò)誤部分為“schls shuld fcus n linguistic and lgical-mathematical intelligences”。故答案為T help students perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds, schls shuld fcus n linguistic and lgical-mathematical intelligences.T help students perfrm better and stre mre imprtant infrmatin in their minds, schls shuld use the thery f multiple intelligences t design the way they educate children.
【43題詳解】
開放性題目。題干:你最想培養(yǎng)哪種智力?為什么?可回答:我最想發(fā)展我的空間智能。因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為空間感對一個(gè)人來說很重要。另外,我對建筑很感興趣,大學(xué)畢業(yè)后想成為一名建筑設(shè)計(jì)師。故答案為I want t develp my spatial intelligence mst. Because I think a sense f space is very imprtant t a persn. In additin, I am interested in architecture and wuld like t be a building designer when I graduate frm university.
第二節(jié)(20分)
44. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。下周將有一個(gè)英國的學(xué)生代表團(tuán)來你校進(jìn)行為期兩天的交流訪問,你將作為學(xué)生代表致詞。請你用英文寫一篇發(fā)言稿,內(nèi)容包括:
1.表示歡迎;
2.簡要介紹主要活動(dòng)安排;
3.表達(dá)美好祝愿。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear friends,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear friends,
Welcme t ur schl. I am Li Hua, Chairman f the Student Unin. On behalf f my schl, I will intrduce the main arrangements fr the fllwing tw days.
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl. In the afternn, yu can take part in varius activities such as paper cutting and calligraphy t experience traditinal Chinese culture in persn. On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
Hpe yu enjy yur stay here! Thank yu!
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)為一篇應(yīng)用文。要求學(xué)生寫一篇發(fā)言稿,向來校交流的英國的學(xué)生代表團(tuán)表示歡迎,并介紹活動(dòng)安排。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累:
代表:On behalf f→ represent
參加:take part in→ jin in/get invlved in
各種各樣的:varius→ a variety f/varieties f
驚訝的:amazed→ surprised/astnished
2.句式拓展:
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句:On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
拓展句:Then fllwed the trip t the Frbidden City n the secnd day a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl.(運(yùn)用了介詞+which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】
On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.(運(yùn)用了名詞作同位語和where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。)
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