
(一)陳述句變一般疑問句
知識(shí)講解
(1)含 be 動(dòng)詞的陳述句:將 be 動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/was/were)提到句首,句末加問號(hào)。第一人稱(I/we)常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q(yu),相應(yīng)的 be 動(dòng)詞形式也要改變。例如:I am a student. → Are yu a student?(我是一名學(xué)生?!闶且幻麑W(xué)生嗎?)
(2)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的陳述句:把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can/may/must/shuld 等)提到句首,句末加問號(hào)。例如:He can play basketball. → Can he play basketball?(他會(huì)打籃球?!麜?huì)打籃球嗎?)
(3)含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的陳述句:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(I/we)、第二人稱(yu)或復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(they)時(shí),借助助動(dòng)詞 d,將其置于句首,動(dòng)詞用原形;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)(he/she/it 以及單個(gè)人或物)時(shí),借助助動(dòng)詞 des,置于句首,動(dòng)詞還原為原形。例如:They like apples. → D they like apples?(他們喜歡蘋果?!麄兿矚g蘋果嗎?)She has a bk. → Des she have a bk?(她有一本書?!幸槐緯鴨幔浚?br>針對(duì)性練習(xí)
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
( ) ① — ______ yu frm China? — Yes, I ______.
A. Are; am B. Is; am C. D; am
( ) ② — ______ he ride a bike? — Yes, he can.
A. Des B. Can C. Is
( ) ③ — ______ yur mther like music? — Yes, she ______.
A. D; d B. Des; des C. Is; is
(2)將下列陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洹?br>① I am happy tday.
② They can swim.
③ My father likes reading newspapers.
(二)陳述句變否定句
知識(shí)講解
(1)含 be 動(dòng)詞的陳述句:在 be 動(dòng)詞后加 nt。例如:He is tall. → He is nt tall.(他很高?!桓?。)
(2)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的陳述句:在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加 nt。例如:Yu can g nw. → Yu cannt (can't) g nw.(你現(xiàn)在可以走了?!悻F(xiàn)在不能走。)
(3)含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的陳述句:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(I/we)、第二人稱(yu)或復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(they)時(shí),借助助動(dòng)詞 d,在其后加 nt,動(dòng)詞用原形;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)(he/she/it 以及單個(gè)人或物)時(shí),借助助動(dòng)詞 des,在其后加 nt,動(dòng)詞還原為原形。例如:We play ftball n Sundays. → We d nt (dn't) play ftball n Sundays.(我們周日踢足球?!覀冎苋詹惶咦闱?。)She ges t schl by bike. → She des nt (desn't) g t schl by bike.(她騎自行車去上學(xué)?!或T自行車去上學(xué)。)
針對(duì)性練習(xí)
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
( ) ① He ______ a student. He is a teacher.
A. is nt B. nt is C. des nt
( ) ② They ______ play basketball n weekends.
A. d nt B. nt d C. are nt
( ) ③ My sister ______ like dancing.
A. is nt B. des nt C. d nt
(2)將下列陳述句變?yōu)榉穸ň洹?br>① There is a bk n the desk.
② We shuld g t bed late.
③ Tm has breakfast at hme.
(三)對(duì)劃線部分提問
知識(shí)講解
(1)詢問人:用 wh(誰(shuí))提問。例如:He is my father.(他是我父親。)對(duì) “He” 提問:Wh is yur father?
(2)詢問事物:用 what(什么)提問。例如:This is a bk.(這是一本書。)對(duì) “a bk” 提問:What is this?
(3)詢問地點(diǎn):用 where(在哪里)提問。例如:The cat is under the chair.(貓?jiān)谝巫酉旅妗#?duì) “under the chair” 提問:Where is the cat?
(4)詢問原因:用 why(為什么)提問。例如:I like apples because they are sweet.(我喜歡蘋果因?yàn)樗鼈兒芴?。)?duì) “because they are sweet” 提問:Why d yu like apples?
(5)詢問方式、方法或程度:用 hw(怎樣)提問。例如:He ges t schl by bike.(他騎自行車去上學(xué)。)對(duì) “by bike” 提問:Hw des he g t schl?
(6)詢問年齡:用 hw ld(多大)提問。例如:She is ten years ld.(她十歲了。)對(duì) “ten years ld” 提問:Hw ld is she?
(7)詢問數(shù)量:對(duì)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量提問用 hw many,其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量提問用 hw much。例如:There are five bks n the desk.(桌子上有五本書。)對(duì) “five” 提問:Hw many bks are there n the desk? There is sme water in the glass.(杯子里有一些水。)對(duì) “sme” 提問:Hw much water is there in the glass?
針對(duì)性練習(xí)
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
( ) ① — ______ is yur mther? — She is a dctr.
A. What B. Wh C. Where
( ) ② — ______ d yu g t schl? — On ft.
A. What B. Hw C. Why
( ) ③ — ______ bks d yu have? — Ten.
A. Hw much B. Hw many C. What
(2)對(duì)下列句子的劃線部分提問。
① My brther is twelve years ld.
② I g t schl by bus.
③ There are three peple in my family.
(四)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
知識(shí)講解
(1)使用近義詞或短語(yǔ):例如:like... very much = lve...,如 I like English very much. = I lve English.(我非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。)
(2)改變句型結(jié)構(gòu):如 “This is my bk.” = “The bk is mine.”(這是我的書。)前者用形容詞性物主代詞 + 名詞結(jié)構(gòu),后者用名詞性物主代詞。再如 “There is a pen n the desk.” = “A pen is n the desk.”(桌子上有一支鋼筆。)
針對(duì)性練習(xí)
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
( ) ① I lve music. The underlined part means “”
A. like... a little B. like... very much C. dn't like
( ) ② This is her bag. The same meaning sentence is “”
A. The bag is her. B. The bag is hers. C. Her is the bag.
(2)進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。
① I like playing basketball very much.
② The ruler is his.
二、綜合性練習(xí)題
(一)單項(xiàng)選擇
( ) 1. — ______ yur sister g t schl by bike? — N, she .
A. D; dn't B. Des; desn't C. Is; isn't
( ) 2. They ______ have a party tnight.
A. nt B. dn't C. desn't
( ) 3. — ______ is the library? — It's near the schl.
A. What B. Hw C. Where
( ) 4. I like reading bks. The same meaning sentence is “”
A. I lve reading bks. B. I dn't like reading bks. C. I read bks every day.
( ) 5. There are sme flwers in the garden. The negative sentence is “______”
A. There is nt sme flwers in the garden.
B. There aren't any flwers in the garden.
C. There are n flwers in the garden.
(二)按要求改寫句子
He is a gd student.(改為一般疑問句)
We can clean the classrm.(改為否定句)
My father ges t wrk by car.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
I like apples best.(改為同義句)
There are fur seasns in a year.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
三、參考答案及解析
(一)針對(duì)性練習(xí)答案及解析
陳述句變一般疑問句針對(duì)性練習(xí)答案
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
① A?!癰e frm” 表示 “來自”,主語(yǔ)是 yu,be 動(dòng)詞用 are,答句中 I 對(duì)應(yīng)的 be 動(dòng)詞是 am。
② B。根據(jù)答句 “Yes, he can.” 可知問句以 Can 開頭。
③ B。主語(yǔ) yur mther 是第三人稱單數(shù),like 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變一般疑問句借助助動(dòng)詞 des,答句中主語(yǔ)是 she,助動(dòng)詞也用 des。
(2)將下列陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洹?br>① Are yu happy tday?
解析:I 變?yōu)?yu,am 變?yōu)?are 提到句首。
② Can they swim?
解析:把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 提到句首。
③ Des yur father like reading newspapers?
解析:主語(yǔ) My father 變?yōu)?yur father,是第三人稱單數(shù),like 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,借助助動(dòng)詞 des 提到句首,動(dòng)詞 likes 還原為 like。
解析:考查不同類型陳述句變一般疑問句的規(guī)則,注意助動(dòng)詞和 be 動(dòng)詞的正確使用及人稱變化。
陳述句變否定句針對(duì)性練習(xí)答案
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
① A。be 動(dòng)詞的否定在其后加 nt,即 is nt。
② A。主語(yǔ) They 是復(fù)數(shù),like 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變否定句借助助動(dòng)詞 d,在其后加 nt,即 d nt。
③ B。主語(yǔ) My sister 是第三人稱單數(shù),like 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變否定句借助助動(dòng)詞 des,在其后加 nt,即 des nt。
(2)將下列陳述句變?yōu)榉穸ň洹?br>① There is nt a bk n the desk.
解析:在 is 后加 nt。
② We shuld nt g t bed late.
解析:在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 shuld 后加 nt。
③ Tm des nt have breakfast at hme.
解析:主語(yǔ) Tm 是第三人稱單數(shù),have 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,借助助動(dòng)詞 des,在其后加 nt,動(dòng)詞 has 還原為 have。
解析:考查不同類型陳述句變否定句的方法,注意助動(dòng)詞和 be 動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用。
對(duì)劃線部分提問針對(duì)性練習(xí)答案
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
① A。根據(jù)答句 “She is a dctr.” 可知是詢問職業(yè),用 What 提問。
② B。根據(jù)答句 “On ft.” 可知是詢問交通方式,用 Hw 提問。
③ B。bks 是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)數(shù)量提問用 Hw many。
(2)對(duì)下列句子的劃線部分提問。
① Hw ld is yur brther?
解析:對(duì)年齡 “twelve years ld” 提問,用 Hw ld。
② Hw d yu g t schl?
解析:對(duì)交通方式 “by bus” 提問,用 Hw,主語(yǔ)是 yu,借助助動(dòng)詞 d。
③ Hw many peple are there in yur family?
解析:對(duì)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) “three peple” 的數(shù)量提問,用 Hw many,其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù) peple,there be 句型語(yǔ)序不變。
解析:考查根據(jù)不同劃線內(nèi)容選擇正確的疑問詞及句子結(jié)構(gòu)變化。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換針對(duì)性練習(xí)答案
(1)單項(xiàng)選擇。
① B。lve 意為 “非常喜歡”,與 like... very much 同義。
② B。“This is her bag.” 的同義句是 “The bag is hers.”,hers 是名詞性物主代詞。
(2)進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。
① I lve playing basketball.
解析:like... very much = lve。
② His is the ruler.
解析:“The ruler is his.” 可轉(zhuǎn)換為 “His is the ruler.”,his 是名詞性物主代詞。
解析:考查通過近義詞、短語(yǔ)或不同句型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。
(二)綜合性練習(xí)題答案及解析
單項(xiàng)選擇答案
① B。主語(yǔ) yur sister 是第三人稱單數(shù),g 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變一般疑問句借助助動(dòng)詞 des,否定回答用 desn't。
② B。主語(yǔ) They 是復(fù)數(shù),have 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變否定句借助助動(dòng)詞 d,在其后加 nt,即 dn't。
③ C。根據(jù)答句 “It's near the schl.” 可知是詢問地點(diǎn),用 Where 提問。
④ A?!發(fā)ike... = lve...”,A 選項(xiàng)符合。
⑤ B。there be 句型的否定句,在 be 動(dòng)詞后加 nt,sme 變?yōu)?any,即 There aren't any flwers in the garden.
解析:考查各類句型轉(zhuǎn)換知識(shí)在綜合語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用,根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則和句子含義判斷。
按要求改寫句子答案
Is he a gd student?
解析:含 be 動(dòng)詞的陳述句變一般疑問句,將 is 提到句首。
We can't clean the classrm.
解析:在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 后加 nt,可縮寫為 can't。
Hw des yur father g t wrk?
解析:對(duì)交通方式 “by car” 提問,用 Hw,主語(yǔ) My father 變?yōu)?yur father,是第三人稱單數(shù),借助助動(dòng)詞 des,動(dòng)詞 ges 還原為 g。
Apples are my favrite fruit.
解析:“l(fā)ike... best” = “ne's favrite...”。
Hw many seasns are there in a year?
解析:對(duì)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) “fur seasns” 的數(shù)量提問,用 Hw many,其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù) seasns,there be 句型語(yǔ)序不變。
解析:考查對(duì)各類句型轉(zhuǎn)換要求的準(zhǔn)確把握,注意單詞拼寫、助動(dòng)詞和疑問詞的使用。
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