北京市東城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題Word版（附參考答案）

這是一份北京市東城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題Word版（附參考答案），共11頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Drake was riding in the passenger seat f his grandfather’s truck alng Rute 75. The grandfather Hugh, 68, was in cntact with a c-wrker when ___1___ smething was very wrng. Hugh ___2___ talking and lked nt quite himself. Drake called ut and asked whether he was all right, but Hugh was n lnger cnscius.
Hugh’s c-wrker, wh was still n the line, tld Drake t use his grandfather’s cell phne t call his mther, Jessica. She ___3___ her sn t climb nt his grandfather’s lap, take hld f the wheel and pull ver t the shulder f the highway. Then the call drpped.
Drake lives n a farm and has driven glf carts. “There’s always an adult watching, but he drives alne,” his mther said. The ___4___ behind the wheel gave him the cnfidence t ___5___ his grandfather’s vehicle. He pulled ff, called 911 and tld the peratr what had happened and where he was lcated. “I’m really scared,” Drake added in tears. “I dn’t want him t die.”
Plice and an ambulance quickly arrived at the ___6___. Althugh Drake was relieved that help had arrived, he said, “I was still kind f ___7___. Rescue wrkers gave Hugh first aid, and, within abut 20 minutes, he started t feel better. “It was gd I had Drake with me,” Hugh said. He knws that had his grandsn nt been there with him, things culd have taken an awful ___8___ .
Drake’s parents said they weren’t ___9___ by his quick thinking. “He’s a unique little persn” his mther said. “If I culd ____10____ any 10-year-ld in the wrld in that exact situatin, it wuld be Drake. My wn child saved my wn parent,” Jessica cntinued. “It made my heart swell.”
1. A. immediately B. finally C. naturally D. suddenly
2. A. missed B. frgt C. stpped D. meant
3. A. permitted B. instructed C. invited D. warned
4. A. psitin B. visin C. experience D. guidance
5. A. take ver B. take ff C. take ut D. take in
6. A. scene B. hspital C. farm D. shelter
7. A. satisfied B. shaky C. cnfused D. prud
8. A. chance B. rle C. view D. turn
9. A. inspired B. surprised C. impressed D. delighted
10. A. check n B. fcus n C. reflect n D. cunt n
第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Andrew Knde, a student at Kenya’s Strathmre University, was inspired t start learning kung fu as a child after ___11___ (watch) martial arts mvies. What began as a hbby fr a child has since becme a way f life fr Knde, ___12___ is nw the chairman f the university’ s Martial Arts Club. Thrugh hard wrk, he ___13___ (lead) his team t victries at natinal champinships ver the past tw years.
B
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Scientists have made a tiny battery as thin as a human hair. Because it’s s small, it culd help tiny rbts enter the bdy ___14___ (deliver) medicine. Previusly these rbts needed sunlight t wrk, which limited ___15___ they culd g. This new battery lets them wrk ___16___ needing external pwer. Currently, these batteries ___17___ (attach) t the rbts by wires, but in the future, scientists hpe t build the batteries int the rbts.
C
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Self-checkut machines are meant t prvide custmers with a faster and ___18___ (smth) shpping experience and eliminate lng lines at the register. Many peple prefer t scan and bag their wn ___19___ (item) and zip thrugh the transactin with great ease. At the same time, hwever, many custmers cmplain that self-checkut causes mre prblems than it slves. The machines can freeze up r scan ___20___ (crrect) fr example. That slws things dwn and defeats the whle purpse.
第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié) (共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
We are pleased t annunce the launch f the “2025 Yuth Pht Challenge fr Disaster Risk Reductin ”. Yung and amateur phtgraphers are invited t participate by sharing their best phts. The tp 10 selected phts will be exhibited and featured in UN cmmunicatin materials, which will fster a greater understanding and appreciatin f resilience in the face f climate emergency, and t increase the vices f yuth glbally.
Theme
The theme centers n the impact f heat waves, wildfires, and flds. In particular, we encurage participants t:
Recrd slutins, preventin measures, and mechanisms adpted by individuals, lcal cmmunities, and natinal authrities t tackle these climate challenges.
Reflect innvatin and adaptatin in the face f adversity.
Evaluatin criteria
Phts will be evaluated based n fur criteria:
Relevance t theme: This criterin assesses hw effectively the phtgraph captures the impact f heat waves, wildfires, and flds, as well as the respnse mechanisms emplyed t address these challenges.
Impact and strytelling: This criterin evaluates the emtinal strength f the phtgraph. Special cnsideratin will be given t phts that successfully tell stries f resilience and empwerment.
Creativity and riginality: This criterin fcuses n the uniqueness f the perspective and the innvative reflectin f the themes.
Technical quality: This criterin examines the technical aspects f the phtgraph, including cmpsitin and verall visual appeal.
Submissin guidelines
Submissin deadline: 15 September 2025
Annuncement f selected phts: The tp 10 phts will be annunced n 13 Octber 2025, the Internatinal Day fr Disaster Risk Reductin.
Entries shuld be emailed t undrr-reca@un.rg with the subject line “Summer 2025 Pht Challenge Submissin”.
Each submissin must include: the phtgrapher’s full name and age; lcatin f the pht and date; and brief descriptin (50-100 wrds) explaining the pht’s cntext and relevance t the theme.
Participants must cnfirm the riginality f their wrk and ensure they have btained all necessary permissins fr any identifiable individuals in the phts.
21. What d we knw abut the Pht Challenge?
A. It will display the best phtgraphs. B. It mainly fcuses n cmmunity effrts.
C. It is pen t prfessinal phtgraphers. D. It aims t wrk ut slutins t disasters.
22. An entry is likely t be chsen if it ___________.
A. reflects internatinal relief effrts B. demnstrates the ptimism f yuth
C. shws the appeal f advanced technlgy D. presents riginal viewpints n climate crisis
23. What is ne f the requirements fr submissin?
A. Attaching a brief intrductin. B. Sending the entry by 13 Octber.
C. Cmpleting an applicatin frm. D. Getting permissin frm the cmmunity.
B
Tw years ag, fueled by my envy fr thse with gardens, I signed up fr a plt, a place where I culd read and write in the sun, safe frm distractins. A few mnths ag, I was presented a half-plt f available land. The plt, which was bigger than I culd dream f, was beautiful but vergrwn — getting it started wuld require hard wrk. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.
Fast frward t nw. After seeking guidance frm my family and watching beginners’ gardening vides, I spend hurs a week swing, weeding, watering and harvesting. My summer at the plt has s far ffered cuntless lessns, but the mst imprtant ne has been learning mre abut hw fd actually grws. Take the humble cauliflwer — a cmmn sight in the supermarket, yet it demands patient tending fr up t six mnths, all fr a shrt mment n the plate. Seasnality has als taken n a new meaning. I knew that all fresh fd has its “seasn” but it was nly when I was verwhelmed by an endless supply f curgettes that I really understd I culd be eating them fr mnths.
Yet abundant harvests cme with a lessn in impermanence. Fresh prduce ges ff quickly nce ripened and picked. And s I’ve turned t the ld craft f preservatin — learning what t bil and freeze, r make int jam — t make things last. When the harvest has been mre than I can manage, I’ve shared the abundance with friends and family, spreading the jy.
While gardening is a welcme escape frm the chas f the mdern wrld, yu can’t avid the reality f the climate crisis. It’s ne thing t read these in the news r see them reflected in prices, but it’s quite anther when yu have t be in tune with weather patterns, praying fr prlnged sunshine withut the unbearable heat.
As I cntinue t tend my plt, I d s with a sense f humility, wnder and excitement. What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was wrried I wuld fail the plt; instead, I’m finding myself grwing alngside it.
24. Hw did the authr feel when getting the plt?
A. Prud but anxius. B. Grateful but puzzled. C. Amazed but wrried. D. Mved but disappinted.
25. While wrking n the plt, the authr learned t __________.
A. remve chas frm life B. create seasnal recipes C. identify cmmn plants D. respect laws f nature
26. What des the authr’s experience tell us?
A. Labr is the mst reliable wealth. B. Every seasn brings its wn lessns.
C. The land is made better and s is the gardener. D. One shuld stay hungry fr cnstant prgress.
C
In 1993, a ship sailed int the Pacific Ocean carrying nearly 1,000 punds f irn, then dumped it all int the waves. The next mrning, the water turned a little greenish due t newly emerged phytplanktn (浮游生物). The micrrganisms, which need irn t grw, draw CO? ut f the air.
Fertilizing the cean with irn is a frm f geengineering, a set f technlgies fascinating fr their ptential t meaningfully impact Earth’s systems, and cntrversial fr the same reasn. As the planet heats, geengineering is emplyed t manipulate (控制) it in nvel ways, whether researchers mist the skies with sea salt t increase hw much sunlight cluds reflect r invent machines t suck greenhuse gases ut f the atmsphere. Engineering hme-grwn planktn sunds like a less dramatic apprach. But the field is s new that scientists dn’t yet knw whether geengineering with micrrganisms wuld really be a gentler frm f climate interventin. Micrbes, after all, play enrmusly cnsequential rles in the wrld arund us and within us. Fr the best chance f keeping Earth liveable, scientists need t understand exactly hw the micrscpic creatures might be useful, and perhaps even preferable t the mre sci-fi appraches t cling ff the wrld.
One favred apprach centers n methane, a greenhuse gas accunting fr 30% f the rise in glbal temperature. Mary Lidstrm, a prfessr, is wrking n genetically mdifying bacteria that naturally cnsume methane, s that the micrbes pull even mre gas frm the air. The bacteria wuld live inside facilities knwn as bireactrs. They culd be psitined near knwn methane surces — landfills and wetlands — t minimize the amunt f methane that makes it int the air.
Scaling up any kind f climate engineering is tricky. Significantly slwing warming caused by methane wuld require abut 300,000 bireactrs t be active fr 20 years. And the dwnstream effects are difficult t predict, let alne cntain. Fr example, the irn put int the Pacific Ocean culd have cnsequences fr ther regins f the wrld’s seas.
Als, there’s nearly as much uncertainty abut intended effects. Scientists dn’t knw fr sure hw effective these cncepts will prve t be. The 1993 ship expeditins, fr example, didn’t stick arund very lng; the jurneys were expensive, and scientists culdn’t remain at sea t determine what exactly was happening in the depths. Carbn stlen ut f the atmsphere shuld remain buried fr at least a century fr maximum impact Yet it’s entirely pssible that if the phytplanktn desn’t sink t deep enugh waters, it just gets eaten by the rganisms in the surface cean, and that CO? just returns t the atmsphere.
The htter the planet gets, the mre attractive geengineering will likely seem. Shrt f large-scale behaviral changes glbally, we d seem t be cmmitting urselves t an engineered slutin n ur current rutes. We might have t decide, sner than we think, which levers we need t pull, large r small.
27. What can we learn abut geengineering?
A. Ocean irn-fertilizatin is n the hrizn. B. Sunlight-reflectin methd is cst-effective.
C. Methane-eating bacteria are being imprved. D. Gas-sucking machine is a theretical cncept.
28. What can we infer frm Paragraph 4 abut the geengineering appraches?
A. Their impact n the ecsystem is verlked. B. Their implicatins are hard t anticipate.
C. They call fr decades f preparatin. D. They are mnitred cntinuusly.
29The irn-fertilizatin experiment may achieve its intended effects if __________.
A. the target micrbes survive B. carbn is stred separately
C. the phytplanktn grws faster D. mre deep-sea rganisms are tested
30. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw Will Geengineering Better Earth’s Systems?
B. Hw t Cl the Wrld Withut Blcking the Sun?
C. Hw t Steal Carbn with Sci-fi Appraches?
D. Hw Can the Engineered Slutin Deliver?
D
The age f artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty f anxieties. Almst all f the cnversatins abut risk have t d with the ptential cnsequences f AI systems pursuing gals that depart frm what they were prgrammed t d and that are nt in the interests f humans. But this is nly ne side f the danger. Imagine what culd unfld if AI des d what humans want.
“What humans want,” f curse, isn’t a mnlith. Different peple have cuntless ideas f what cnstitutes “the greater gd.” Even if we culd get everyne t fcus n the well-being f the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able t agree n what that might lk like.
That seems t be the reasn that DeepMind recently funded an internal rganizatin fcused n AI safety and preventing its manipulatin by bad actrs. But it’s nt ideal that what’s “bad” is ging t be determined by a handful f individuals at this ne particular crpratin — cmplete with their blind spts and persnal and cultural biases (偏見(jiàn)). The ptential prblem ges beynd humans harming ther humans. What’s “gd” fr humanity has, many times thrughut histry, cme at the expense f ther sentient (有知覺(jué)力的) beings. Such is the situatin tday.
In the US alne, we have billins f animals kept in cnfinement, subjected t cruel treatment, and denial f their basic psychlgical and physilgical needs at any given time. Entire species are dminated and systemically butchered s that we can have melets, burgers and shes.
If AI des exactly what “we” want it t, that wuld likely mean enacting this mass cruelty mre efficiently, at an even greater scale and with mre autmatin and fewer pprtunities fr sympathetic humans t step in and flag anything particularly hrrifying.
A better gal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests wuld be what I wuld call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in accrdance with the interests f all sentient beings, including humans, all ther animals and, shuld it exist, sentient AI. This will strike sme as aggressive, because what’s gd fr all sentient life might nt always agree with what’s gd fr humankind. It might smetimes, even ften, be in ppsitin t what humans want r what wuld be best fr the greatest number f us.
Peter Singer, a philspher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate gals and pririties are mre imprtant than it being aligned with humans. “The questin is really whether this super intelligent AI is ging t be benevlent and want t prduce a better wrld,” Singer said, “and even if we dn’t cntrl it, it still will prduce a better wrld in which ur interests will get taken int accunt.”
I’m with Singer n this. Decentering humankind t any extent and especially t this extreme, is an idea that will challenge peple. But that’s necessary if we’re t prevent ur current belief frm spreading in new and awful ways.
31. The authr mentins the rganizatin funded by DeepMind t __________.
A. questin a slutin B. clarify a belief C. illustrate an example D. explain a practice
32. Which f the fllwing can best present the idea f “sentient alignment”?
A. AI extends the same rights t living beings. B. AI prmtes the interactin amng species.
C. AI benefits frm the develpment f humans. D. AI meets the demands f perceptive creatures.
33. What des the underlined wrd “benevlent” in Paragraph 7 prbably mean?
A. Ambitius. B. Generus. C. Resurceful. D. Cmpetitive.
34. The authr’s majr cncern in develping AI is that __________.
A. AI pses a threat t the wrld B. sciety’s mrals are in decline
C. humans priritize their wn needs D. sentient beings deepen cultural biases
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
While cmpliments (贊揚(yáng)) may seem simple, they can have a large impact n yu and the peple arund yu, creating a ripple f psitivity. Hwever, giving cmpliments requires skills and knwledge.
Mst cmpliments in ur culture fllw a very predictable pattern. ___35___ Abut tw-thirds f cmpliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice, gd, beautiful, pretty, and great. In additin, abut 80% f cmpliments fllw three frmats. S if I liked a bk yu wrte and wanted t say smething psitive abut it, my cmpliment wuld prbably fllw ne f these basic patterns: “Yur bk is great,” “I lve yur bk,” r “That is a terrific bk.”
___36___ . Fr example, in 2011 a schlar shwed that wmen in unstructured settings bth give and receive far mre cmpliments than men. Abut three-quarters f wmen’s cmpliments t ther wmen in an unstructured, infrmal setting invlve appearance. In a gal-riented, frmal setting, 68% f praise statements are abut perfrmance. ___37___
Whether the cmpliment is effective depends n whether it is believable, apprpriate, and unqualified. ___38___ If yu tell me my hair lks gd, I will dismiss it and suspect yur mtives, because I have little hair. Mre generally, peple with lw self-esteem dn’t usually receive cmpliments well. As researchers have shwn, in peple with high self-esteem, a cmpliment stimulates parts f the brain respnsible fr self-referential thinking. This ccurs significantly less fr peple wh have lw self-esteem.
Even if a cmpliment agrees with ne’s self-cnceptin, schlars cncluded, it must meet three criteria t be accepted by its bject. ___39___ It must be sincere. And it must ccur in the apprpriate cntext.
A. It must fllw the basic patterns.
B. The praise must cme frm a persn with credibility t give it.
C. What we chse t cmpliment depends n gender differences.
D. A gd cmpliment must nt cnflict with its recipient’s self-cnceptin.
E. If peple have negative view f a persn, they wuld resist his cmpliments.
F. In cntrast, men are mre likely t cmpliment ne anther n perfrmance in all settings.
G. They are generally directed tward anther persn’s appearance, perfrmance, r pssessins.
第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié) (共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。
My grandfather was a neursurgen and sculptr. When I was yung, I remember him trying t teach me t shape the unwieldy clay he used in his wrk. But I didn’t have the patience fr the firm clay and quickly gave up.
Nw, as a clinical psychlgist, I see s many peple wh dn’t have the ability t wait, and it is n wnder. In a wrld where it is pssible t get the answer t any questin instantly, why shuld any f us have t deal with delays and unknwns?
Hwever, learning hw t wait is gd fr us. Since missing my priceless pprtunity t learn’ t sculpt, I’ve cme t appreciate that psychlgical flexibility — being pen t and able t tlerate the uncmfrtable thughts and feelings that ften arise when we face delays and setbacks — is an essential quality when it cmes t mental health.
Fr many f us, the challenge is that being patient nw feels harder than ever befre. “We’ re nt getting the same pprtunities t practice waiting as we used t,” says Michel Dugas, a prfessr.
Waiting patiently is s difficult that we ften react by ding things that actually make us mre impatient, like cnstantly checking ur phnes fr updates r seeking reassurance frm everyne we knw.. “Technlgy creates the false belief that certainty is pssible, which leads t trying t attain certainty in all situatins, cntributing t wrry and anxiety,” says Dugas.
But it is pssible t develp patience — the ability t regulate yur emtins in the face f delays, frustratin, adversity and suffering.
In my wn experience, I’ve fund that slwing my breathing, lsening my grip and relaxing my face can help cunter impatience — fr instance, when I’m sitting in traffic. When it cmes t mre significant setbacks, I remind myself f Salzberg, a writer.
“There are s many times in my life where I think nthing’s happening fr me,” says Salzberg. “Then I lk back and say, ’Oh hw abut that, I was actually planting a seed that I culdn’t have guessed.’ S smetimes I just remind myself that even if I dn’t knw what it is right nw, there is a bigger picture.”
40. Why des the authr think peple dn’t have the ability t wait?
_____________________________________________________________
41. What has the authr cme t realize since missing his chance t learn t sculpt?
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Technlgy makes peple mre impatient because it enables them t attain certainty in all situatins.
_____________________________________________________________
43. Hw d yu vercme impatience in life? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________
第二節(jié) (20分)
44. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生李華。你所在的“科學(xué)社”近期要開(kāi)展一次跨學(xué)科綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給在你校國(guó)際部學(xué)習(xí)的好友Jim寫(xiě)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；
2.發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)。
提示詞：跨學(xué)科綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng) interdisciplinary learning activity
注意：
1.詞數(shù) 100左右；
2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京市東城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題參考答案
1—5. DCBCA 6—10. ABDBD
11. watching 12. wh 13. has led 14. t deliver 15. where 16. withut 17. are attached 18. smther 19. items 20. incrrectly
21—23. ADA 24—27. CDC 27—31. CBBA 31—32. ADBC 35—39. GCFDB
40. Because in a wrld where answers are instantly available, peple are nt used t dealing with delays and unknwns.
41. The authr has cme t realize that psychlgical flexibility is an essential quality fr mental health.
42. Technlgy makes peple mre impatient because it enables them t attain certainty in all situatins.
Because technlgy desn’t enable peple t attain certainty in all situatins. Instead, it creates a false belief f certainty, leading t wrry and anxiety.
43. T vercme impatience in life, cultivate psychlgical flexibility, regulate emtins by slwing breathing and relaxing, and remind neself f the brader perspective, recgnizing that even in uncertainties, ne is planting seeds fr future grwth.
第二節(jié) (20分)
Dear Jim,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Our “Science Club” is abut t embark n an exciting interdisciplinary learning activity, and I can’t wait t share the details with yu.
The activity aims t explre the cnnectins between science, technlgy, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) thrugh a series f hands-n prjects and presentatins. We’ll be wrking in teams t slve real-wrld prblems, fstering creativity and cllabratin acrss different disciplines.
I knw yu have a keen interest in these fields and wuld be a valuable additin t ur team. Wuld yu like t jin us? It’s a great pprtunity t braden yur hrizns and make new friends.
Please let me knw if yu’re interested. I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu sn!
Yurs, Li Hua
第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
1—5. DCBCA 6—10. ABDBD
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了10歲的小男孩Drake在爺爺開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)突發(fā)急病的情況下，沉著冷靜地將車(chē)安全?？吭诼愤叢⒓皶r(shí)撥打911報(bào)警，最終使?fàn)敔斵D(zhuǎn)危為安的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)祖父Hugh突然看起來(lái)不太對(duì)勁時(shí)，他正在與一個(gè)同事通話。A. immediately立即；B. finally最后；C. naturally自然地；D. suddenly突然地；根據(jù)下文“smething was very wrng”可知下文說(shuō)的是不太對(duì)勁的事，可以推斷出他是突然出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，故選D項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Hugh停止了說(shuō)話，看起來(lái)不太對(duì)勁。A. missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；B. frgt忘記；C. stpped停止；D. meant意味著；根據(jù)下文“Drake called ut and asked whether he was all right, but Hugh was n lnger cnscius”可知德雷克大喊問(wèn)他是否還好，但休已經(jīng)沒(méi)有意識(shí)了，可以推斷出祖父是停止了說(shuō)話，故選C項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jessica指示她的兒子爬到祖父的膝蓋上，抓住方向盤(pán)，把車(chē)開(kāi)到高速公路的緊急停車(chē)道上。A. permitted允許；B. instructed指示；C. invited邀請(qǐng)；D. warned警告；根據(jù)下文“climb nt his grandfather’s lap, take hld f the wheel and pull ver t the shulder f the highway”可知下文說(shuō)的是爬到祖父的膝蓋上，抓住方向盤(pán)，把車(chē)開(kāi)到高速公路的緊急停車(chē)道上，可以推斷出Jessica是在指示Drake，故選B項(xiàng)。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在方向盤(pán)后面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)給了他信心去接管他祖父的車(chē)輛。A. psitin位置；B. visin視野；C. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D. guidance指導(dǎo)；根據(jù)上文“Drake lives n a farm and has driven glf carts”可知上文提到Drake曾經(jīng)駕駛過(guò)高爾夫球車(chē)，可以推斷出是他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)給了他信心，故選C項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：同上。A. take ver接管；B. take ff起飛；C. take ut取出；D. take in吸收；根據(jù)下文“He pulled ff, called 911 and tld the peratr what had happened and where he was lcated”可知下文說(shuō)的是他靠邊停車(chē)，撥打了911，并告訴操作員發(fā)生了什么事以及他的位置，可以推斷出他是接管了車(chē)輛，故選A項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：警察和救護(hù)車(chē)迅速到達(dá)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。A. scene現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；B. hspital醫(yī)院；C. farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)；D. shelter避難所；根據(jù)下文“Drake was relieved that help had arrived”可知下文說(shuō)的是Drake松了一口氣，救援人員已經(jīng)到達(dá)，可以推斷出救援人員到達(dá)的是事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，故選A項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管Drake松了一口氣，知道救援人員已經(jīng)到達(dá)，但他還是有點(diǎn)動(dòng)搖。A. satisfied滿意的；B. shaky顫抖的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. prud驕傲的；根據(jù)上文“I dn’t want him t die”可知上文說(shuō)的是Drake不希望爺爺去世，可以推斷出雖然救援力量到達(dá)，但是他此時(shí)依然感到顫抖，故選B項(xiàng)。
【8題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他的孫子沒(méi)有和他在一起，事情可能會(huì)有一個(gè)糟糕的轉(zhuǎn)變。A. chance機(jī)會(huì)；B. rle角色；C. view觀點(diǎn)；D. turn轉(zhuǎn)變；根據(jù)上文“He knws that had his grandsn nt been there with him”可知上文說(shuō)的是他知道如果他的孫子沒(méi)有和他在一起的話，可以推斷出如果沒(méi)有Drake，情況可能會(huì)有一個(gè)糟糕的轉(zhuǎn)變，“take an awful turn”是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“變得很糟糕”，此處指事情朝著不好的方向變化，符合語(yǔ)境，表達(dá)如果沒(méi)有孫子在，情況可能就變得糟糕了，故選D項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Drake的父母說(shuō)他們對(duì)他迅速的思考并不感到驚訝。A. inspired啟發(fā)；B. surprised驚訝；C. impressed印象；D. delighted高興；根據(jù)下文“He’s a unique little persn”可知下文說(shuō)的是他真是個(gè)小天才，可以推斷出父母對(duì)Drake的行為并不感到驚訝，故選B項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：如果我能在這個(gè)確切的情況下依賴世界上任何一位10歲的孩子，那將是他。A. check n檢查；B. fcus n集中；C. reflect n反思；D. cunt n指望；根據(jù)下文“any 10-year-ld in the wrld in that exact situatin”可知下文說(shuō)的是在那種情況下……任何一位10歲的孩子，可以推斷出此處說(shuō)的是媽媽認(rèn)為如果能在這個(gè)確切的情況下依賴世界上任何一位10歲的孩子，那將是他的兒子，也就是說(shuō)她是指望Drake在危急時(shí)刻救她，故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
11. watching 12. wh 13. has led
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)的學(xué)生Andrew Knde受武術(shù)電影啟發(fā)，從小開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)功夫，后來(lái)成為大學(xué)武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部主席，并在過(guò)去兩年里帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)在全國(guó)錦標(biāo)賽中取得勝利的故事。
【11題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)的學(xué)生Andrew Knde，小時(shí)候看了武術(shù)電影后，受到啟發(fā)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)功夫。after為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填watching。
【12題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)Knde來(lái)說(shuō)，最初只是孩子的愛(ài)好，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了他的一種生活方式，他現(xiàn)在是大學(xué)武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部的主席?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Knde，指人，且從句中作主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)從句。故填wh。
【13題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：通過(guò)努力，他在過(guò)去兩年里帶領(lǐng)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在全國(guó)錦標(biāo)賽中取得了勝利。lead(帶領(lǐng))是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)he之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“ver the past tw years”可知，描述從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)he是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has led。
B
【答案】14. t deliver 15. where 16. withut 17. are attached
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了一種像頭發(fā)一樣細(xì)的微型電池，它可以幫助微型機(jī)器人進(jìn)入人體輸送藥物，且不需要外部力量就能工作。
【14題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：因?yàn)樗苄?，所以可以幫助微型機(jī)器人進(jìn)入人體輸送藥物?？崭裉幈硎灸康?，用不定式形式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t deliver。
【15題詳解】
考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：以前這些機(jī)器人需要陽(yáng)光才能工作，這限制了它們能去那里?！? they culd g”是賓語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意，表示“去那里”，用連接副詞where引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。故填where。
【16題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：這種新電池使它們不需要外部電源就能工作。根據(jù)句意，表示“不需要”外部電源，用介詞withut構(gòu)成否定，其意為“不使用，不借助”。故填withut。
【17題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：目前，這些電池通過(guò)電線連接到機(jī)器人上，但未來(lái)，科學(xué)家們希望將電池內(nèi)置到機(jī)器人中。attach(連接)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)these batteries之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)batteries是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are attached。
C
18. smther 19. items 20. incrrectly
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是說(shuō)明文，主要討論了自助結(jié)賬機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。
【18題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：自助結(jié)賬機(jī)旨在為顧客提供更快和更流暢的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)，并消除收銀臺(tái)前的長(zhǎng)隊(duì)?！癴aster”為形容詞比較級(jí)，and連接并列成分，所以此處要用smth的比較級(jí)smther來(lái)修飾“shpping experience”，表示自助結(jié)賬機(jī)旨在提供比傳統(tǒng)方式更快速、更順暢的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)，符合語(yǔ)境要求，故填smther。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：許多人喜歡自己掃描和打包他們的商品，并快速完成交易?！皌heir”表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，指代人們的，item是可數(shù)名詞，所以要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 items，意味著人們可以掃描并打包自己的多件物品，故填items。
【20題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：例如，機(jī)器可能會(huì)凍結(jié)或掃描不正確。此處修飾動(dòng)詞scan，需用副詞形式。根據(jù)上文“many custmers cmplain that self-checkut causes mre prblems than it slves (許多顧客抱怨自助結(jié)賬帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題比它解決的問(wèn)題還多)”可知此處說(shuō)的是自助結(jié)賬的不利之處，可推理出這里是說(shuō)機(jī)器掃描不正確，表示“不正確地”含義的副詞為incrrectly，故填incrrectly。
第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
A
21—23. ADA
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2025年減災(zāi)防災(zāi)青年攝影挑戰(zhàn)賽的相關(guān)信息。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The tp 10 selected phts will be exhibited and featured in UN cmmunicatin materials,(前十名精選照片將被展出并收錄于聯(lián)合國(guó)的宣傳材料中)”可知，這個(gè)攝影挑戰(zhàn)將會(huì)展示最好的照片。故選A。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Evaluatin criteria部分中的第三個(gè)星號(hào)內(nèi)容“Creativity and riginality: This criterin fcuses n the uniqueness f the perspective and the innvative reflectin f the themes.(創(chuàng)造性和原創(chuàng)性：此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)側(cè)重于視角的獨(dú)特性和對(duì)主題的創(chuàng)新性反映)”可知，如果參賽作品在氣候危機(jī)上提出了原創(chuàng)的觀點(diǎn)，那么它很可能被選中。故選D。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Submissin guidelines部分中第四個(gè)星號(hào)內(nèi)容的“Each submissin must include: the phtgrapher’s full name and age; lcatin f the pht and date; and brief descriptin (50-100 wrds) explaining the pht’ s cntext and relevance t the theme.(每份提交材料必須包括：攝影師的全名和年齡；照片的拍攝地點(diǎn)和日期；以及簡(jiǎn)短描述（50-100字）解釋照片的背景和與主題的關(guān)聯(lián)性)”可知，提交指南中要求每份作品附有簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明。故選A。
B
24—27. CDC
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與花園結(jié)緣的經(jīng)歷，以及這段經(jīng)歷給作者帶來(lái)的感悟和成長(zhǎng)。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“The plt, which was bigger than I culd dream f, was beautiful but vergrwn — getting it started wuld require hard wrk. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.(這塊地比我想象的要大，很美，但雜草叢生——要開(kāi)始耕種需要付出艱苦的努力。我不確定自己是否有這個(gè)能力)”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這塊地比想象的要大，很美，他感到驚訝(amazed)，但它雜草叢生，需要付出艱苦的努力，所以又擔(dān)心(wrried)自己無(wú)法勝任。故選C項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“My summer at the plt has s far ffered cuntless lessns, but the mst imprtant ne has been learning mre abut hw fd actually grws.(我在這塊地上的夏天到目前為止給我?guī)?lái)了無(wú)數(shù)的教訓(xùn)，但最重要的一個(gè)是更多地了解了食物是如何生長(zhǎng)的)”和最后一段中“What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us.(起初只是想要一小塊綠地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變成了更重要的事情 —— 與我當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境建立聯(lián)系，尊重我所吃的食物，意識(shí)到維持我們生存的脆弱的自然系統(tǒng))”可知，在耕種這塊地的過(guò)程中，作者了解了食物是如何生長(zhǎng)，學(xué)會(huì)尊重食物，意識(shí)到維持我們生存的脆弱自然系統(tǒng)，即學(xué)會(huì)了尊重自然規(guī)律。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was wrried I wuld fail the plt; instead, I’m finding myself grwing alngside it.(最初只是對(duì)一小塊綠地的渴望，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為更有意義的東西——與我所在地的環(huán)境的聯(lián)系，對(duì)我所吃的食物的尊重，以及對(duì)維持我們的脆弱自然系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)。一開(kāi)始，我擔(dān)心自己會(huì)失??；相反，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也在和它一起成長(zhǎng))”可知，作者的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，土地變得更好，園丁也是如此，即人與土地是相互促進(jìn)，共同成長(zhǎng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
27—31. CBBA
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了地球工程(geengineering)這一技術(shù)，包括其向海洋施鐵以促進(jìn)浮游生物生長(zhǎng)吸收二氧化碳、改造細(xì)菌消耗甲烷等方法，同時(shí)也探討了其潛在的不確定性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
【27題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“One favred apprach centers n methane, a greenhuse gas accunting fr 30% f the rise in glbal temperature. Mary Lidstrm, a prfessr, is wrking n genetically mdifying bacteria that naturally cnsume methane, s that the micrbes pull even mre gas frm the air. (一種受歡迎的方法是以甲烷為中心，甲烷是一種溫室氣體，占全球溫度上升的30%。教授Mary Lidstrm正在研究如何基因改造自然消耗甲烷的細(xì)菌，以便這些微生物從空氣中吸收更多的氣體)”可知，關(guān)于地球工程，有科學(xué)家正在研究如何基因改造消耗甲烷的細(xì)菌，即改進(jìn)食用甲烷的細(xì)菌。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Significantly slwing warming caused by methane wuld require abut 300,000 bireactrs t be active fr 20 years. And the dwnstream effects are difficult t predict, let alne cntain. Fr example, the irn put int the Pacific Ocean culd have cnsequences fr ther regins f the wrld’s seas.(要想顯著減緩甲烷引起的氣候變暖，需要大約30萬(wàn)個(gè)生物反應(yīng)器在20年內(nèi)保持活躍。下游的影響很難預(yù)測(cè)，更不用說(shuō)控制了。例如，進(jìn)入太平洋的鐵可能會(huì)對(duì)世界海洋的其他地區(qū)產(chǎn)生影響)”可推知，地球工程方法可能帶來(lái)其它后果，其影響很難預(yù)測(cè)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Carbn stlen ut f the atmsphere shuld remain buried fr at least a century fr maximum impact Yet it’s entirely pssible that if the phytplanktn desn’t sink t deep enugh waters, it just gets eaten by the rganisms in the surface cean, and that CO? just returns t the atmsphere. (從大氣中竊取的碳應(yīng)該被埋藏至少一個(gè)世紀(jì)才能產(chǎn)生最大影響。然而，如果浮游植物沒(méi)有下沉到足夠深的水域，它很可能會(huì)被表層海洋中的生物吃掉，而二氧化碳則會(huì)重新回到大氣中)”可推知，如果碳被單獨(dú)儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)，即不被表層海洋中的生物吃掉而回到大氣中，那么向海洋施鐵以促進(jìn)浮游生物生長(zhǎng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)就可能達(dá)到其預(yù)期效果。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Fertilizing the cean with irn is a frm f geengineering, a set f technlgies fascinating fr their ptential t meaningfully impact Earth’s systems, and cntrversial fr the same reasn. (向海洋施鐵是一種地球工程，這是一套因其有可能對(duì)地球系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生有意義影響而令人著迷的技術(shù)，也因此而引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議)”可知，文章主要介紹了地球工程這一技術(shù)，包括向海洋施鐵以促進(jìn)浮游生物生長(zhǎng)吸收二氧化碳、改造細(xì)菌消耗甲烷等方法，同時(shí)也探討了其潛在的不確定性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故A選項(xiàng)“Hw Will Geengineering Better Earth’s Systems?(地球工程將如何改善地球系統(tǒng)？)”是文章內(nèi)容的概括，最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
D
31—32. ADBC
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人工智能(AI)的發(fā)展以及人類應(yīng)如何設(shè)定AI的終極目標(biāo)和優(yōu)先級(jí)，提出了“有知覺(jué)力的協(xié)調(diào)”這一概念,即AI應(yīng)符合所有有知覺(jué)力生物的利益,而不僅僅是人類的利益。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“That seems t be the reasn that DeepMind recently funded an internal rganizatin fcused n AI safety and preventing its manipulatin by bad actrs. But it’s nt ideal that what’s ‘bad’ is ging t be determined by a handful f individuals at this ne particular crpratin — cmplete with their blind spts and persnal and cultural biases (偏見(jiàn)). (這似乎就是DeepMind最近成立一個(gè)內(nèi)部組織的原因，該組織專注于AI安全，并防止其被不良行為者操縱。但由這家特定公司的少數(shù)幾個(gè)人來(lái)決定什么是“壞”的并不理想——他們也有自己的盲點(diǎn)以及個(gè)人和文化偏見(jiàn))”可知，作者提到DeepMind成立的組織，是為了質(zhì)疑這種由少數(shù)人決定AI“好壞”的解決方案。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“A better gal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests wuld be what I wuld call ‘sentient alignment’ — AI acting in accrdance with the interests f all sentient beings, including humans, all ther animals and, shuld it exist, sentient AI. (一個(gè)比將AI與人類眼前利益相一致更好的目標(biāo)是我所稱的“有知覺(jué)力的協(xié)調(diào)”——即AI的行為符合所有有知覺(jué)力生物的利益，包括人類、所有其他動(dòng)物，以及如果存在的話，有知覺(jué)力的AI)”可知，“有知覺(jué)力的協(xié)調(diào)”指的是AI應(yīng)滿足所有有知覺(jué)力生物的需求。故選D項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“and want t prduce a better wrld(并想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的世界)”可推知，“仁慈的，善良的”人工智能才會(huì)想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的世界，劃線詞benevlent與generus意思相近，意為“寬宏大量的，仁慈的”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合最后一段中“Decentering humankind t any extent, and especially t this extreme, is an idea that will challenge peple. But that’s necessary if we’re t prevent ur current belief frm spreading in new and awful ways. (在任何程度上，尤其是極端程度上，將人類置于中心之外，都是一個(gè)將挑戰(zhàn)人們的想法。但如果我們想要阻止我們當(dāng)前的信念以新的、可怕的方式傳播，這是必要的)”可知，文章指出人們關(guān)注人工智能按自身目標(biāo)行事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，闡述了若人工智能按人類意愿可能帶來(lái)大規(guī)模殘忍情況，進(jìn)而提出要考慮所有有知覺(jué)力生物利益的 “有知覺(jué)力的協(xié)調(diào)” 概念，都在強(qiáng)調(diào)不能只關(guān)注人類自身需求，要避免人類只優(yōu)先考慮自己需求而忽視其他有知覺(jué)力生物的情況，即擔(dān)心的是人類在發(fā)展AI時(shí)過(guò)于優(yōu)先考慮自己的需求，而忽視了其他有知覺(jué)力生物的利益。故選C項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
35—39. GCFDB
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了贊美雖然看似簡(jiǎn)單，但對(duì)人和周?chē)娜硕加泻艽蟮挠绊?，能激起一連串積極的反應(yīng)，同時(shí)指出贊美也需要技巧和知識(shí)。
【35題詳解】
上文“Mst cmpliments in ur culture fllw a very predictable pattern.(在我們文化中，大多數(shù)的贊美都遵循一種非?？深A(yù)測(cè)的模式)”說(shuō)明大多數(shù)贊美都有固定模式。G選項(xiàng)“They are generally directed tward anther persn’s appearance, perfrmance, r pssessins.(它們通常針對(duì)另一個(gè)人的外表、表現(xiàn)或財(cái)產(chǎn))”承接上文，具體說(shuō)明這種固定模式是什么，即“針對(duì)另一個(gè)人的外表、表現(xiàn)或財(cái)產(chǎn)”進(jìn)行贊美。故選G項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
下文“Fr example, in 2011 a schlar shwed that wmen in unstructured settings bth give and receive far mre cmpliments than men.(例如，2011年，一位學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)，在非結(jié)構(gòu)化的環(huán)境中，女性給予和接受的贊美遠(yuǎn)比男性多)”通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了男性和女性在給予和接受贊美上的差異。C選項(xiàng)“What we chse t cmpliment depends n gender differences.(我們選擇贊美什么取決于性別差異)”引出下文，說(shuō)明選擇贊美的內(nèi)容與性別差異有關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
上文“Abut three-quarters f wmen’s cmpliments t ther wmen in an unstructured, infrmal setting invlve appearance. In a gal-riented, frmal setting, 68% f praise statements are abut perfrmance.(在非結(jié)構(gòu)化、非正式的環(huán)境中，女性對(duì)其他女性的贊美中，約有四分之三與外表有關(guān)。在目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的正式場(chǎng)合中，68%的贊美陳述是關(guān)于表現(xiàn)的)”分別說(shuō)明了女性在不同場(chǎng)合下贊美的內(nèi)容傾向。F選項(xiàng)“In cntrast, men are mre likely t cmpliment ne anther n perfrmance in all settings.(相比之下，男性在所有場(chǎng)合下都更有可能對(duì)彼此的表現(xiàn)表示贊美)”與上文形成對(duì)比，說(shuō)明了男性在贊美內(nèi)容上的傾向。故選F項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
下文“If yu tell me my hair lks gd, I will dismiss it and suspect yur mtives, because I have little hair.(如果你告訴我我的頭發(fā)看起來(lái)很好，我會(huì)不屑一顧，并懷疑你的動(dòng)機(jī)，因?yàn)槲翌^發(fā)很少)”通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了贊美需要與被贊美者的自我認(rèn)知相符，否則會(huì)被懷疑動(dòng)機(jī)。D選項(xiàng)“A gd cmpliment must nt cnflict with its recipient’s self-cnceptin.(一個(gè)好的贊美必須不與其接受者的自我認(rèn)知相沖突)”引出下文，說(shuō)明了有效贊美的一個(gè)重要條件是必須與被贊美者的自我認(rèn)知相符。故選D項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
上文“Even if a cmpliment agrees with ne’s self-cnceptin, schlars cncluded, it must meet three criteria t be accepted by its bject.(學(xué)者們得出結(jié)論，即使贊美與一個(gè)人的自我認(rèn)知相符，它也必須滿足三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才能被其對(duì)象所接受)”說(shuō)明了一個(gè)好的贊美需要滿足三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。下文“It must be sincere. And it must ccur in the apprpriate cntext.(它必須是真誠(chéng)的。而且它必須在適當(dāng)?shù)那榫诚掳l(fā)生)”列出了其中的兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。B選項(xiàng)“The praise must cme frm a persn with credibility t give it.(贊美必須來(lái)自一個(gè)有可信度的人)”承上啟下，列出了滿足條件的第三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即贊美必須來(lái)自一個(gè)有可信度的人。故選B項(xiàng)。
第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)
40. Because in a wrld where answers are instantly available, peple are nt used t dealing with delays and unknwns.
41. The authr has cme t realize that psychlgical flexibility is an essential quality fr mental health.
42. Technlgy makes peple mre impatient because it enables them t attain certainty in all situatins.
Because technlgy desn’t enable peple t attain certainty in all situatins. Instead, it creates a false belief f certainty, leading t wrry and anxiety.
43. T vercme impatience in life, cultivate psychlgical flexibility, regulate emtins by slwing breathing and relaxing, and remind neself f the brader perspective, recgnizing that even in uncertainties, ne is planting seeds fr future grwth.
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了等待的重要性及如何培養(yǎng)耐心面對(duì)延遲和挫折。
【40題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第二段“Nw, as a clinical psychlgist, I see s many peple wh dn’t have the ability t wait, and it is n wnder. In a wrld where it is pssible t get the answer t any questin instantly, why shuld any f us have t deal with delays and unknwns? (現(xiàn)在，作為一名臨床心理學(xué)家，我看到很多人沒(méi)有等待的能力，這并不奇怪。在一個(gè)任何問(wèn)題都可以立即得到答案的世界里，我們?yōu)槭裁匆鎸?duì)延遲和未知呢？)”可知，因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)答案即時(shí)可用的世界里，人們不習(xí)慣處理延誤和未知。故答案為：Because in a wrld where answers are instantly available, peple are nt used t dealing with delays and unknwns.
【41題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第三段中“Since missing my priceless pprtunity t learn’ t sculpt, I’ve cme t appreciate that psychlgical flexibility — being pen t and able t tlerate the uncmfrtable thughts and feelings that ften arise when we face delays and setbacks — is an essential quality when it cmes t mental health. (自從錯(cuò)過(guò)了學(xué)習(xí)雕刻的寶貴機(jī)會(huì)后，我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到心理靈活性——對(duì)我們面臨延誤和挫折時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的不舒服的想法和感受持開(kāi)放態(tài)度并能夠容忍——是心理健康的一種基本品質(zhì)。)”可知，自從錯(cuò)過(guò)了學(xué)習(xí)雕塑的寶貴機(jī)會(huì)后，作者逐漸意識(shí)到心理靈活性是心理健康的重要品質(zhì)。故答案為：The authr has cme t realize that psychlgical flexibility is an essential quality fr mental health.
【42題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第五段中““Technlgy creates the false belief that certainty is pssible, which leads t trying t attain certainty in all situatins, cntributing t wrry and anxiety,” says Dugas. (Dugas說(shuō)：“技術(shù)創(chuàng)造了一種錯(cuò)誤的信念，即確定性是可能的，這導(dǎo)致人們?cè)噲D在所有情況下都獲得確定性，從而加劇了擔(dān)憂和焦慮?！?。)”可知，技術(shù)創(chuàng)造了確定性可能的錯(cuò)誤信念，這導(dǎo)致人們?cè)噲D在所有情況下都獲得確定性，從而加劇了擔(dān)憂和焦慮。技術(shù)并不能使人們?cè)谒星闆r下都獲得確定性。因此，應(yīng)劃線下劃線的部分為it enables them t attain certainty in all situatins。故答案為：Technlgy makes peple mre impatient because it enables them t attain certainty in all situatins. Because technlgy desn’t enable peple t attain certainty in all situatins. Instead, it creates a false belief f certainty, leading t wrry and anxiety.
【43題詳解】
開(kāi)放性題目，此題要求回答：你如何克服生活中的急躁情緒？（約40字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：克服生活中的急躁，培養(yǎng)心理靈活性，通過(guò)放慢呼吸和放松來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)情緒，并提醒自己，即使在不確定的情況下，也要為未來(lái)的成長(zhǎng)播下種子。故答案為：T vercme impatience in life, cultivate psychlgical flexibility, regulate emtins by slwing breathing and relaxing, and remind neself f the brader perspective, recgnizing that even in uncertainties, ne is planting seeds fr future grwth.
第二節(jié) (20分)
Dear Jim,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Our “Science Club” is abut t embark n an exciting interdisciplinary learning activity, and I can’t wait t share the details with yu.
The activity aims t explre the cnnectins between science, technlgy, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) thrugh a series f hands-n prjects and presentatins. We’ll be wrking in teams t slve real-wrld prblems, fstering creativity and cllabratin acrss different disciplines.
I knw yu have a keen interest in these fields and wuld be a valuable additin t ur team. Wuld yu like t jin us? It’s a great pprtunity t braden yur hrizns and make new friends.
Please let me knw if yu’re interested. I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua