四川省瀘州市瀘縣第五中學(xué)2023屆高三下學(xué)期三模英語試卷（Word版附解析）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

第I卷選擇題（100分）
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Where is Jennifer wrking nw?
A. In a cllege.B. In a hspital.C. In a drug stre.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Where are yu wrking nw, Jennifer? Still in the hspital?
W: N, I left the hspital and I refused the jb at the drug stre. I’m wrking as a teacher in a medical cllege nw.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What is the tax rate?
A. 2%.B. 4%.C. 10%.
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】W: I bught a recrder n sale. It was $50.
M: Including tax?
W: N, I paid anther $2 in tax.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Hw many pills des the dctr suggest taking every day?
A. Fur.B. Six.C. Seven.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dctr, I have a runny nse.
M: Let me see. Nthing serius. Take ne f these pills every six hurs and yu will get better after a week.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What will the wman d?
A. Drive faster.B. Have an interview.C. Take a test.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can yu drive a little faster, sir?
M: It’s hard in the rush hur. But I’ll try.
W: Thanks a lt. I have an imprtant interview and I dn’t want t be late.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What will the by have fr dinner?
A. Ndles.B. Fish.C. Chicken.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s fr dinner, Mum? Are we having ndles?
W: We had that yesterday. S I thught I’d make chicken and rice tnight — r fish if yu prefer.
M: That sunds gd. But I had chicken at schl tday, s I dn’t really want it again.
第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
6. Where des the man get the news?
A. Frm a magazine.B. Frm the Internet.C. Frm a newspaper.
7. What is the news mainly abut?
A. Many museums are clsed nw.
B. Peple have t stay at hme.
C. An exhibit f paintings is shut dwn.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Have yu finished reading the magazine, Mark?
M: Yes. And nw I’m reading sme news using my cmputer. D yu knw anything abut Jan van Eyck?
W: Yes. I knw he was an artist f the 15th century. Is there anything abut him in the news?
M: Yes. The Museum f Fine Arts in Ghent had t clse an exhibit f paintings by this famus artist in histry.
W: I’m nt surprised. Many museums wrldwide are clsed. The Luvre remains clsed nw. It’s better t stay hme fr the time being.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
8. Where did the man spend his hliday?
A. In the muntains.B. By a lake.C. On the beach.
9. What did the man d during his hliday?
A. He cllected sme stnes.
B. He did sme water sprts.
C. He climbed up a muntain.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Charlie. Hw was yur hliday?
M: Well, befre we left, I’d imagined that staying by a lake wuld be like being at the beach. But as it turned ut, a lt f water sprts that my family had planned fr us were ut f the questin due t the weather. S instead, my cusin tk us fr a walk alng the shre and shwed us where t find beautiful stnes — we came back with several.
W: That sunds great. Better than ur hliday in the muntains.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
10. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Which fixing cmpany they shuld chse.
B. Hw much they have spent.
C. When the fixing will begin.
11. What des the wman say abut Prestns?
A. They are unreliable.B. They d high-quality wrk.C. They charge the lwest price.
12. What des the wman agree t d?
A. Respnd t all the builders.B. Ask fr a lwer price.C. Email Valley Builders.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve just gt the last estimate fr fixing the rf f the huse. We decided that the Arkwright’s estimate is t expensive, didn’t we? And althugh the ne frm Jacksn Builders is the cheapest, I dn’t really trust them t d a gd jb.
W: I think yu’re right there. They didn’t fill me with cnfidence.
M: S that leaves us with Valley Builders and Prestns.
W: Persnally, I think that Prestns are mre prfessinal, and will prbably d the best jb. They just seemed t talk a lt f sense abut what was needed. But their estimate is ￡1000 mre than Valley Builders. I’m nt sure they’re wrth that much mre.
M: I think yu’re right. We shuld g fr Valley Builders. They’re a gd cmpany and lts f ur neighbrs have had wrk dne by them. I haven’t heard any cmplaints. D yu want t send them an email and ask if they can start as sn as pssible?
W: Yes, I’ll d that nw.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
13. What is the wman?
A. An ffice clerk.B. An immigratin fficial.C. An air hstess.
14. Which line is fr the residents?
A. The line n the man’s right.
B. The line n the wman’s left.
C. The line n the wman’s right.
15. Hw lng will the man study in the UK?
A. Fr a few mnths.B. Fr a year.C. Fr tw years.
16. Hw will the man pay fr living csts and tuitin fees?
A. His father has paid in advance.
B. He has wn a schlarship.
C. He will take a part-time jb.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I see yur passprt，please?
M: Is this line fr nn-residents?
W: Yes it is. Residents can queue up in the lines t my right.
M: OK. Here’s my passprt.
W: When will yur passprt turn invalid?
M: Maybe in a few mnths. It was renewed in Beijing.
W: I see. Yes, yu’ll need t renew yur passprt in a few mnths.
M: OK.
W: D yu have anything t declare?
M: N, I dn’t have anything t declare.
W: Hw lng will yu be staying in the UK?
M: I’ll be here abut twelve mnths.
W: What is the purpse f yur stay?
M: I’ll be studying. I’m ding an MBA at Nttingham University.
W: Where will yu be staying?
M: I have a husing cntract with the university. I’ll be in a drm rm n campus.
W: Hw d yu plan n paying fr yur living csts and tuitin fees while yu are here?
M: My father has already paid fr that in advance. Here are the receipts.
W: OK. Have a gd stay. Here’s yur passprt and yur dcuments.
M: Thank yu very much.
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
17. Where did Aretha Franklin grw up?
A. In Memphis.B. In Detrit.C. In Atlantic City.
18. When did Aretha Franklin sign with Clumbia Recrds?
A. In 1980.B. In 1967.C. In 1960.
19. Which was Aretha Franklin’s mst ppular music in the 1960s?
A. “Respect”.B. “Freeway f Lve”.C. “Chain f Fls”.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Aretha Franklin’s life stry.
B. Aretha Franklin’s musical style.
C Aretha Franklin’s famus sngs.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Aretha Franklin, an American singer knwn as the “Queen f Sul”, was brn in 1942 in Memphis, Tennessee. But she was raised in Detrit. Her musical talent was recgnized at a yung age. Franklin began singing pp and jazz music at the age f 18, when she signed a recrding agreement with Clumbia Recrds. But her real success started in 1967 under an agreement with Atlantic Recrds. Franklin became famus in America that year with a series f hit music recrdings, including “Chain f Fls”, and her mst famus sng, “Respect” in the 1960s. Franklin’s career success cntinued int the 1980s and 1990s. She appeared in the 1980 film “The Blues Brthers”. She als had new ppular music, including “Freeway f Lve”. In 1987, Franklin became the first wman t be a member f the Rck & Rll Hall f Fame. Franklin earned mre than 110 entries in Billbard’s music charts. That’s the mst by any wman in the magazine’s histry. On August 16, 2018, Franklin died at her hme in Detrit, Michigan.
第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Canada’s Wnderland
Frm family-friendly rides t thrilling rller casters, Canada’s Wnderland has plenty f attractins fr all levels f adventure. Meanwhile, varius delicius fd chices, including the crwd-pleasing funnel cakes, are available. Visit the entertainment areas and find ut wh is perfrming at the Canterbury Theatre r take in a shw featuring Snpy and the Gang at the Playhuse Theatre. Cl dwn at the 50-acre water park, where yu can chse frm 17 different water rides t experience.
Fantasy Fair
Etbicke’s Wdbine Mall is the hme f Ontari’s largest indr amusement park. There’s an antique carusel, electrnic games ppular during the 1980s, and many ther activities and rides designed fr small children. Ambitius kids can try the rck-climbing wall, and the XD simulatrs ffer a great 3D mvie experience. The large displays f dinsaurs will attract the yunger kids.
Adventure Village
Adventure Village is a great pen space with waterfalls, fish pnds and many fun activities. It’s the ideal place where yu can shw ff yur secret mves during a friendly, yet cmpetitive game f utdr laser tag r play glf n the 18-hle mini glf curse. Kids will als enjy learning new skills at the batting cage and the excitement f riding and spinning arund n the bumper cars. N need t wrry abut getting hungry. Big Al’s Ck Huse ffers yu varius chices n the menu.
Rail Yard Wake & Aqua Park
It’s Ontari’s largest inflatable (可充氣的) water park and cable wakebarding (尾浪劃水) facility. There is a water park with many bstacle curses yu’ll want t climb, jump and explre. Enjy the thrill f watersprts f wakebarding, wakeskating and kneebarding in a safe area.
21. What can turists d in Canada’s Wnderland?
A. Enjy tasty fd.B. Drive bumper cars.
C. Play vide games.D. Watch different dinsaurs.
22. What d we knw abut Fantasy Fair?
A. It’s Ontari’s largest amusement park.B. It prvides indr activities fr children.
C. It allws kids t see exhibitins f planes.D. It’s a place fr turists t watch 5D mvies.
23. Which is the best chice fr watersprt lvers?
A. Fantasy Fair.1B. Adventure Village.
C. Canada’s Wnderland.D. Rail Yard Wake & Aqua Park.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四處不同的游樂場(chǎng)所。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Canada’s Wnderland中的“Meanwhile, varius delicius fd chices, including the crwd-pleasing funnel cakes, are available. (同時(shí)，各種美味的食物可供選擇，包括廣受歡迎的漏斗蛋糕。)”
可知，游客在Canada’s Wnderland可以享受美食。故選A。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fantasy Fair中的“Etbicke’s Wdbine Mall is the hme f Ontari’s largest indr amusement park. There’s an antique carusel, electrnic games ppular during the 1980s, and many ther activities and rides designed fr small children. (伊托比克的伍德拜商場(chǎng)是安大略省最大的室內(nèi)游樂園。這里有一個(gè)古董旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬，上世紀(jì)80年代流行的電子游戲，還有許多專為小孩子設(shè)計(jì)的其他活動(dòng)和游樂設(shè)施。)”可知，F(xiàn)antasy Fair為兒童提供室內(nèi)活動(dòng)。故選B。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rail Yard Wake & Aqua Park中的“It’s Ontari’s largest inflatable (可充氣的) water park and cable wakebarding (尾浪劃水) facility. There is a water park with many bstacle curses yu’ll want t climb, jump and explre. Enjy the thrill f watersprts f wakebarding, wakeskating and kneebarding in a safe area. (它是安大略省最大的充氣水上公園和電纜滑水設(shè)施。這里有一個(gè)水上公園，里面有許多障礙賽，你會(huì)想要攀登、跳躍和探索。在安全的地方享受水上滑水、滑水和滑膝運(yùn)動(dòng)的刺激。)”可知，水上運(yùn)動(dòng)愛好者的最佳選擇是Rail Yard Wake & Aqua Park。故選D。
B
If yur jb requires a lt f sitting yu culd be putting yur health at danger.
The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy (流行病學(xué)) did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin (相互聯(lián)系) between sitting and an individual's physical health. In the study, 53,440 wrking men and 69,776 wrking wmen were surveyed n their time spent sitting. The subjects were all disease free when emplyed. The researchers identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in wmen during the 14-year fllw-up.
The findings: Wmen wh reprted sitting fr mre than six hurs per day had an apprximately 40 higher all-cause death rate than thse wh reprted less than three hurs a day, and men had an apprximately 20 higher death rate.
Well, nw's a fine time t get this infrmatin. But why didn't they tell me this years ag? I wuld have planned n taking a mre active jb instead f the sedentary (坐著的) jb f an editr.
S what can yu d if yu have t wrk fr a living at a jb that requires a lt f sitting? Here are sme ideas:
Take frequent breaks. It is recmmended that wrkers vary activities, change their psitin, and take shrt breaks every 20 minutes t rest muscles and increase bld circulatin. Get a standing desk. Sme studies have shwn that wrking frm an upright psitin may be better fr health. The serius fitness peple can even purchase a
treadmill (跑步機(jī)) desk. It nly ges abut ne mile per hur. Have a walking meeting. If yur grup is kind f small, ging fr a walk while discussing tpics is a gd alternative.
24. Accrding t the text, the study in 2010 ______.
A. fund men reprting shrter sitting time than wmen
B. surveyed mre men than wmen n their daily sitting time
C. identified fewer deaths in men than in wmen during the 14-year fllw-up
D. discvered crrelatin between sitting and physical health in men and in wmen
25. We can infer frm the text that the authr did nt recmmend ______.
A. using a standing deskB. resting ne's muscles
C. quitting sedentary jbsD. taking a walk while discussing
26. What des the underlined wrd "subjects" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Things being discussed.B. Peple being studied.
C Areas f knwledge being learned.D. Objects being painted.
27. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Yur jb culd be killing yu.
B. Wrking ut leads t health risks.
C. Lng-time sitting is psitively assciated with health.
D. A study n sitting time and physical health was cmpleted.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【分析】試題分析：本文是一篇說明文，美國流行病學(xué)期刊的一項(xiàng)研究表明，久坐對(duì)我們的身體健康有不利影響，文章還提供了如何減少這一不利影響的幾點(diǎn)建議。
【24題詳解】
D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第一句“The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy (流行病學(xué)) did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin (相互聯(lián)系) between sitting and an individual's physical health.” 可知，美國流行病學(xué)期刊在2010年做了一個(gè)關(guān)于久坐和個(gè)人身體健康的相互聯(lián)系的研究調(diào)查。故選D。
【25題詳解】
C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Take frequent breaks. It is recmmended that wrkers vary activities, change their psitin, and take shrt breaks every 20 minutes t rest muscles and increase bld circulatin. Get a standing desk.
Sme studies have shwn that wrking frm an upright psitin may be better fr health. The serius fitness peple can even purchase a treadmill (跑步機(jī)) desk. It nly ges abut ne mile per hur. Have a walking meeting. If yur grup is kind f small, ging fr a walk while discussing tpics is a gd alternative.”（經(jīng)常休息。建議員工變換活動(dòng)，變換姿勢(shì)，每隔20分鐘休息一次，以使肌肉休息，增加血液循環(huán)。找一張立式桌子。一些研究表明，直立工作可能更有利于健康。真正健身的人甚至可以買一張跑步機(jī)辦公桌。它每小時(shí)只走一英里。開個(gè)步行會(huì)。如果你的團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)模不大，那么邊走邊討論話題是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇）我們可知，作者建議那些長時(shí)間坐著工作的人使用立式辦公桌，放松肌肉和邊走邊討論，而沒有提到放棄久坐不動(dòng)的工作，故選C。
【26題詳解】
B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“ In the study, 53,440 wrking men and 69,776 wrking wmen were surveyed n their time spent sitting. ”可知，該研究對(duì)53440男員工和69776個(gè)女員工坐著的時(shí)間進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。發(fā)現(xiàn)這些人在受雇時(shí)均無疾病。由此可知畫線詞詞義為“被調(diào)查的人”，故選B。
【27題詳解】
A主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第二段中的“The American Jurnal f Epidemilgy (流行病學(xué)) did a study in 2010 n the crrelatin (相互聯(lián)系) between sitting and an individual's physical health.”以及第三段的研究結(jié)果可知，本文主要介紹的是美國流行病學(xué)期刊的一項(xiàng)研究表明，工作時(shí)久坐對(duì)我們的身體健康有不利影響，故選A。
考點(diǎn)：考查說明文閱讀
C
The natin watched with hrrr as wildfire in Califrnia damaged the twn f Paradise and surrunding cmmunities. It was the deadliest and mst destructive wildfire in Califrnia histry, killing 85 civilians and destrying nearly 14,000 residences. Mre than 50,000 peple were left hmeless.
Watching the news cverage frm his hme in Denver, Clrad, Wdy Fairclth was saddened by the destructin. Many peple fund themselves hmeless with nwhere t live. He just culdn’t imagine being in that psitin. He knew he wanted t d smething t help. He set up a GFundMe page and invited peple t dnate s they culd purchase and restre a used RV (休閑車) fr a family.
Thrugh scial media, Fairclth eventually gt cnnected with a family f six that was greatly in need. Fairclth filled the RV with supplies and started the nearly 1,200-mile drive t Califrnia t deliver the vehicle. That first dnated RV led t anther and Fairclth had mre than 100 requests fr RVs frm hmeless families. Witnessing hw great the need was, Fairclth turned his idea int a nnprfit rganizatin, “we have a platfrm t
help, we have t keep helping,” said Fairclth, whse grup has s far given mre than 65 RVs t wildfire survivrs.
Tday, nly a minimal amunt f rebuilding has begun in Paradise and a majrity f the area’s displaced ppulatin is still hmeless. Fairclth cnnects with RV wners interested in dnating r selling their used RVs at a lw cst. He refits the RVs himself and negtiates csts when he needs t hire prfessinal mechanics fr heavy-duty repairs. Once the RV is ready t g, Fairclth rganizes a way t transprt it t the survivrs. The wrk is cnstant fr Fairclth, wh als has t d his fulltime jb as an accunt manager. But seeing the impact f his effrts inspires him t keep ging. “We have made cnnectins with peple at their mst vulnerable (脆弱的) mment. It’s such a pwerful thing fr them,” Fairclth said.
28. Hw did the writer shw the terrible damage f the wildfire?
A. By repeating facts.B. By describing the prcess.
C. By listing figures.D. By quting sayings.
29. Why did Fairclth set up a GFundMe page?
A. He wanted peple t dnate fd supplies t survivrs.
B. He tried t raise mney t buy used RVs fr survivrs.
C. He wanted t cnnect with the families in need.
D. He hped t raise funds t rebuild hmes fr victims.
30. What can we knw abut Fairclth’s nnprfit rganizatin?
A. It has delivered ver 65 RVs t hmeless survivrs.
B. It rebuilt Paradise within a minimal amunt f time.
C. It sld used RVs t wildfire victims at a lw cst
D. It invited mechanics t repair RVs free f charge.
31. Which wrd can best describe Fairclth?
A. Optimistic.B. Hnest.C. Independent.D. Caring.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹Fairclth建立了GFundMe，用來幫助因?yàn)橐盎鸲鵁o家可歸的人。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后兩句“It was the deadliest and mst destructive wildfire in Califrnia histry,
killing 85 civilians and destrying nearly 14000 residences. Mre than 50000 peple were left hmeless.（這是加州歷史上最致命、最具破壞性的野火，造成85名平民死亡，近14000棟住宅被毀。超過5萬人無家可歸。）”可知，文章通過列舉幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)（85，14000，50000）來說明野火對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)人類造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，人員傷亡之大，野火的危害嚴(yán)重性。故選C項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“He set up a GFundMe page and invited peple t dnate s they culd purchase and restre a used RV fr a family（他建立了一個(gè)GFundMe網(wǎng)頁，邀請(qǐng)人們捐款，這樣他們就可以為一個(gè)家庭購買和修復(fù)一輛二手休閑車。）”可知，F(xiàn)airclth建立這個(gè)GFundMe的目的是為了籌集錢來為那些生存下來的人買二手休閑車。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后“said Fairclth, whse grup has s far given mre than 65 RVs t wildfire survivrs.（Fairclth說，他的組織迄今已向野火幸存者發(fā)放了65輛休閑車。）”可知，F(xiàn)airclth的組織目前為止已經(jīng)給那些無家可歸的幸存者超過65輛休閑車了。故選A項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“He knew he wanted t d smething t help.（他知道他想做點(diǎn)什么提供幫助。）”可知，當(dāng)Fairclth看到那些因?yàn)橐盎鸲鵁o家可歸的人的時(shí)候，想到了自己應(yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么來幫助他們，因此建立了GFundMe，所以他是一個(gè)樂于助人，并且關(guān)心那些因?yàn)橐盎鸲鵁o家可歸的人。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
Chemical engineers at UNSW Sydney have fund a way t make "green" ammnia (氨) frm air, water and renewable electricity. In a paper published in Energy and Envirnmental Science, the authrs say that ammnia synthesis (合成法) was ne f the critical achievements f the 20th century. When used in fusiliers that significantly increase the utput f fd crps, it enabled agriculture t sustain an ever-expanding glbal ppulatin.
But since the beginning f the 1900s when it was first emplyed, prductin f ammnia has been energy intensive- requiring temperatures higher than 400℃ and pressures greater than 200 atm-and all pwered by fssil fuels. Dr. Emma Lvell, a c authr n the paper frm UNSW, says the traditinal way t make ammnia- knwn as the Haber- Bsch prcess- is nly cst-effective when it is prduced n a massive scale due t the huge amunts f energy and expensive materials required and it prduces mre CO2 than any ther chemical-making reactin.
“In additin t the big carbn ftprint left by the Haber Bsch prcess, having t prduce millins f tns f ammnia in centralised lcatins means even mre energy is required t transprt it arund the wrld, nt t
mentin the risks that g with string large amunts f it in the ne place,” says Dr. Lvell. “And we saw tragically in Beirut recently hw ptentially dangerus string ammnium nitrate (硝酸鹽) can be. ”
Dr. Lvell and her clleagues therefre lked at hw t prduce it cheaply, n a smaller scale and using renewable energy. Their new prductin methd des nt rely n fssil fuel resurces, nr give f CO2.
“And nce it becmes available cmmercially, the technlgy culd be used t prduce ammnia directly n site and n demand- farmers culd even d this n lcatin using ur technlgy t make fertilisers- which means we negate the need fr strage and transprt There's a huge benefit t sciety as well as the health f the planet,”Dr. Lvell says.
32. What d we knw abut the Haver-Bsch prcess?
A. It des harm t the earth.
B. It requires green materials.
C. It uses less energy and is cheap.
D. It transfrms fssil fuels int ammnia.
33. Why is the city Beirut mentined in the text?
A. T remind peple t prtect the envirnment.
B. T give an example f the risk in ammnia strage.
C. T cnvince farmers t transprt ammnia elsewhere.
D. T stress the chice f a prper centralised lcatin.
34. What des the underlined wrd “negate” prbably mean in the last paragraph?
A. Inspect.B. Avid.C. Suit.D. Accept.
35. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T slve a prblem.B. T explain a prcess.
C. T advcate a thery.D. T intrduce a methd.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。悉尼新南威爾士大學(xué)的化學(xué)工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種方法，可以從空氣、水和可再生電力中制造“綠色”氨，這種新方法的使用對(duì)社會(huì)和地球的健康都有巨大的好處。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Dr. Emma Lvell, a cauthr n the paper frm UNSW, says the traditinal way t make ammnia- knwn as the Haber- Bsch prcess- is nly cst-effective when it is prduced n a massive scale
due t the huge amunts f energy and expensive materials required and it prduces mre CO2 than any ther chemical-making reactin.”（新南威爾大學(xué)的合著者 Emma Lvell博士說，傳統(tǒng)的制造氨的方法——即 Haber- Bsch工藝——只有在大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)時(shí)才具有成本效益，因?yàn)樾枰罅康哪茉春桶嘿F的材料，而且它比其他任何化學(xué)制造反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生更多的二氧化碳。）第三段第一句““In additin t the big carbn ftprint left by the Haber Bsch prcess, having t prduce millins f tns f ammnia in centralised lcatins means even mre energy is required t transprt it arund the wrld, nt t mentin the risks that g with string large amunts f it in the ne place,” says Dr. Lvel”（ Lvel博士說： “除了 Haber- Bsch工藝生產(chǎn)過程留下的大量碳足印，在集中地點(diǎn)生產(chǎn)數(shù)百萬噸氨意味著需要更多的能源將氨運(yùn)往全球，更不用說將大量氨存儲(chǔ)在一個(gè)地方所帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！保┛芍?，傳統(tǒng)的制造氨的方法， Haber- Bsch工藝對(duì)地球是有害的。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“And we saw tragically in Beirut recently hw ptentially dangerus string ammnium nitrate (硝酸鹽) can be. ””（最近，我們?cè)谪愻斕乇瘧K地看到了儲(chǔ)存硝酸銨的潛在危險(xiǎn)。）可知，此處引用城市Beirut的例子，是舉例說明氨儲(chǔ)存的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)B與文意一致，故選B。
【34題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“And nce it becmes available cmmercially, the technlgy culd be used t prduce ammnia directly n site and n demand- farmers culd even d this n lcatin using ur technlgy t make fertilisers”（一旦商業(yè)化，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)就可以直接在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)氨，農(nóng)民甚至可以在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用我們的技術(shù)生產(chǎn)化肥）可知，使用了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，可以直接在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)氨。即這就意味著我們可以避免儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸了?！皀egate”意思是“避免”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意，故選B。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Chemical engineers at UNSW Sydney have fund a way t make "green" ammnia (氨) frm air, water and renewable electricity. ”（悉尼新南威爾士大學(xué)的化學(xué)工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種方法，可以從空氣、水和可再生電力中制造“綠色”氨），可知本文主要描述了一種可以從空氣、水和可再生電力中制造“綠色”氨的新方法。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
The quality f the family relatinship is mre imprtant than family cnfiguratin (結(jié)構(gòu)). A healthy family relatinship is the base f a happy family. ___36___. Althugh family relatinships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relatinships share.
___37___. Family members listen t and genuinely care abut what the thers are saying. In these families, cmmunicatin is n a deep enugh level that all members are able t share their feelings, gals, achievements and experiences. When sme feedback and cnstructive criticism are given, lve and affectin are made clear by the use f psitive wrds.
A family with a healthy relatinship requires every single family member’s cmmitment. Family members hld family as a tp pririty (優(yōu)先考慮的事) and cnsider the impact n relatives befre making imprtant decisins. Family members are dependable and always there fr each ther in times f crisis.___38___.
A characteristic f healthy family relatinship is that they spend time ding enjyable activities tgether. ___39___. Often, these activities becme family traditins, such as sharing meals tgether, having family utings every weekend r playing sprts tgether.
___40___. Family members accept that they each have their wn persnalities, qualities and interests. Everyne plays an imprtant rle in the family. When there is cnflict between family members, it is slved in a psitive and healthy manner. Family members als acknwledge each ther’s achievements and shw appreciatin fr ther members.
A. Therefre, members d nt feel they are n their wn
B. Family members share everything they have with each ther
C. Respect is an imprtant characteristic f healthy family relatinships
D. It prvides members with the supprt and encuragement that they need
E. Family members tend t select activities that help the family t grw clser
F. It is imprtant t keep in mind that each family member is a unique individual
G. Families with healthy relatinships engage in psitive and meaningful cmmunicatin
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了健康的家庭關(guān)系的一些特征。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“A healthy family relatinship is the base f a happy family. (健康的家庭關(guān)系是幸福家庭的基礎(chǔ))”和下文“Althugh family relatinships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relatinships share. (雖然家庭關(guān)系不同，但健康的家庭關(guān)系有一些共同的特征)”可知，上文指出健康的家庭關(guān)系是幸福家庭的基礎(chǔ)，下文指出健康的家庭有一些共同的特征。由此推知，空處承接上文，指出健康的家庭關(guān)系的好處。D項(xiàng)“它為成員提供他們所需要的支持和鼓勵(lì)”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的“It”指代上文
的“A healthy family relatinship”。故選D。
【37題詳解】
空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Family members listen t and genuinely care abut what the thers are saying. In these families, cmmunicatin is n a deep enugh level that all members are able t share their feelings, gals, achievements and experiences. When sme feedback and cnstructive criticism are given, lve and affectin are made clear by the use f psitive wrds. (家人會(huì)傾聽并真誠地關(guān)心別人說的話。在這些家庭中，交流是在一個(gè)足夠深的層次上，所有成員能夠分享他們的感受，目標(biāo)，成就和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)一些反饋和建設(shè)性的批評(píng)被給予時(shí)，愛和情感通過使用積極的詞語來表達(dá))”可知，在健康的家庭關(guān)系中成員們的交流都是積極的、有意義的。G項(xiàng)“擁有健康關(guān)系的家庭會(huì)進(jìn)行積極而有意義的交流”符合本段主旨，“cmmunicatin”是關(guān)鍵詞。故選G。
【38題詳解】
空處位于段末應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Family members hld family as a tp pririty (優(yōu)先考慮的事) and cnsider the impact n relatives befre making imprtant decisins. Family members are dependable and always there fr each ther in times f crisis. (家庭成員把家庭作為最優(yōu)先考慮的事情，家庭成員在做重要決定前，會(huì)考慮對(duì)親屬的影響。家庭成員是可靠的，在危機(jī)時(shí)刻總是相互幫助)”可知，家庭成員會(huì)相會(huì)幫助，這樣成員就不會(huì)覺得什么都靠自己獨(dú)立解決。A項(xiàng)“因此，家庭成員們并不覺得自己是孤立無援的”符合題意，與上文形成明顯的因果關(guān)系。故選A。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)主旨句“A characteristic f healthy family relatinship is that they spend time ding enjyable activities tgether. (健康家庭關(guān)系的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是他們花時(shí)間一起做愉快的活動(dòng))”可知，本段主要說明在健康的家庭關(guān)系中成員們會(huì)一起度過快樂、有意義的時(shí)光。再結(jié)合下文“Often, these activities becme family traditins, such as sharing meals tgether, having family utings every weekend r playing sprts tgether. (通常，這些活動(dòng)會(huì)成為家庭傳統(tǒng)，比如一起吃飯，每個(gè)周末一起外出或一起運(yùn)動(dòng))”推知，上文提到了有利于增進(jìn)家庭成員關(guān)系的活動(dòng)。E項(xiàng)“家庭成員傾向于選擇有助于家庭關(guān)系更加親密的活動(dòng)”符合題意，且貼合主旨，下文的“these activities”指代選項(xiàng)中的“activities that help the family t grw clser”。故選E。
【40題詳解】
空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Family members accept that they each have their wn persnalities, qualities and interests. Everyne plays an imprtant rle in the family. When there is cnflict between family members, it is slved in a psitive and healthy manner. Family members als acknwledge each ther’s achievements and shw appreciatin fr ther members. (家庭成員承認(rèn)他們每個(gè)人都有自己的個(gè)性、品質(zhì)和興趣。每個(gè)人在家庭中
都扮演著重要的角色。當(dāng)家庭成員之間發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，以積極健康的方式解決。家庭成員也承認(rèn)彼此的成就，并對(duì)其他成員表示贊賞)”可知，雖然家庭成員性格各異，但要承認(rèn)彼此的成就，并且相互贊賞，即家庭成員之間應(yīng)該尊重并欣賞。C項(xiàng)“尊重是健康家庭關(guān)系的重要特征”可以作為本段主旨句。故選C。
第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
While wrking as a graduate student in Chicag, Andria Zafiraku was given the much exhausting jb f cllecting survey data in Ellis Ave, as part f an academic research prject.____41____ she apprached a passer-by, she thught she wuld hear them tell her hw annyed they were. Yet the bad respnses ____42____ came, many mre peple were ____43____ t answer the questinnaires than she had ____44____.
Was it pssible, she wndered, that mst f us are wrng abut ____45____ peple want t respnd t ur requests? Over the fllwing decade, she cnducted multiple studies that ____46____ this was indeed the case: under many different ____47____, peple are ften far mre likely t ____48____ than we assume.
____49____, it seemed that the results prvided a refreshingly ____50____ view f human nature. “It started as a psitive thing —it is ____51____ t knw that peple are mre likely t d things fr yu than yu think.” Hwever, with time ging by and mre reflectins n the results, Andria has cme t ____52____ that her results reflect a brader tendency that we usually ____53____hw much influence ur wrds can have ____54____ thers, whether we’re asking them t ____55____ actins that are gd r bad. Peple ften agree t d what they are asked because they find it t ____56____ t say n, even when they feel uncmfrtable with ur ____57____.
Knwing this can help us understand hw ur demands might ____58____ ther peple—particularly in the wrkplace and help us adjust ur requests accrdingly in ways that respect pepled ____59____ and withut ____60____ what they have dne fr us fr granted.
41. A. Over timeB. In n timeC. Each timeD. At times
42. A. ftenB. nceC. rarelyD. immediately
43. A. reluctantB. readyC. anxiusD. hesitant
44. A. recgnizedB. requestedC. prmisedD. expected
45. A. ifB. whetherC. thatD. hw
46. A. made frB. marked utC. made utD. made sure
47. A. ccasinsB. situatinsC. circumstancesD. cases
48. A. ignreB. cperateC. rejectD. cmplain
49. A. On the surfaceB. On the whleC. On the cntraryD. On the g
50. A. neutralB. criticalC. negativeD. ptimistic
51 A. strangeB. greatC. disappintingD. nrmal
52. A. denyB. dubtC. appreciateD. subscribe
53. A. underestimateB. verstateC. distinguishD. misuse
54. A. inB. withC. abveD. n
55. A. imitateB. practiceC. measureD. perfrm
56. A. awkwardB. tuchedC. surprisedD. amused
57. A. suggestinsB. requestsC. questsD. rder
58. A. misleadB. impressC. infectD. affect
59. A. defenseB. assumptinsC. bundariesD. rudeness
60. A. ignringB. takingC. gingD. bringing
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們通常低估了我們的話語對(duì)他人的影響程度。實(shí)際上，人們更不愿意拒絕我們的請(qǐng)求。
【41題詳解】
考查介詞短語和連詞辨析。句意：每次她走近一個(gè)路人，她以為她會(huì)聽到他們告訴她他們有多生氣。A. Over time隨著時(shí)間過去；B. In n time立刻；C. Each time每次；D. At times有時(shí)。根據(jù)后文“she apprached a passer-by, she thught she wuld hear them tell her hw annyed they were”可知，這里指她每次靠近路人去請(qǐng)求填寫問卷，只有Each time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的回答很少出現(xiàn)，準(zhǔn)備回答問卷的人比她預(yù)期的要多得多。A. ften經(jīng)常；B. nce曾經(jīng)；C. rarely很少；D. immediately立即。后文提到準(zhǔn)備回答問卷的人比她預(yù)期的要多得多，即糟糕的回答很少出現(xiàn)。故選C。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的回答很少出現(xiàn)，準(zhǔn)備回答問卷的人比她預(yù)期的要多得多。A.
reluctant不情愿的；B. ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C. anxius焦慮的；D. hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)后文“t answer the questinnaires”指準(zhǔn)備回答問卷。故選B。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的反應(yīng)很少出現(xiàn)；愿意回答問卷的人比她預(yù)期的多。A. recgnized認(rèn)可；B. requested要求；C. prmised承諾；D. expected預(yù)期。由前文“she thught”可知，她原本認(rèn)為路人會(huì)生氣，但實(shí)際情況好于預(yù)期。故選D。
【45題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她想知道，在人們是否愿意回應(yīng)我們的要求這一問題上，我們大多數(shù)人是否都錯(cuò)了？A. if是否；B. whether是否；C. that那個(gè)；D. hw如何。此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞的賓語，且表示“是否”應(yīng)用whether，故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在接下來的十年里，她進(jìn)行了多項(xiàng)研究，證實(shí)了事實(shí)確實(shí)如此：在許多不同的情況下，人們往往比我們想象的更有可能合作。A. made fr導(dǎo)致；B. marked ut規(guī)劃；C. made ut理解；D. made sure確保。根據(jù)后文“this was indeed the case”可知，進(jìn)行多項(xiàng)研究是為了證實(shí)事實(shí)確實(shí)如此。故選D。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的十年里，她進(jìn)行了多項(xiàng)研究，證實(shí)了事實(shí)確實(shí)如此：在許多不同的情況下，人們往往比我們想象的更有可能合作。A. ccasins場(chǎng)合；B. situatins情況；C. circumstances環(huán)境、情況；D. cases情況。根據(jù)上文“under many different”可知，指在許多不同的情況下，構(gòu)成under circumstances。故選C。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的十年里，她進(jìn)行了多項(xiàng)研究，證實(shí)了事實(shí)確實(shí)如此：在許多不同的情況下，人們往往比我們想象的更有可能合作。A. ignre忽視；B. cperate合作；C. reject拒絕；D. cmplain投訴。由前文“willing t answer the questinnaires”可知，很多人是愿意“合作”回答問題的。故選B。
【49題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：從表面上看，這些結(jié)果似乎提供了一種令人耳目一新的、樂觀的人性觀。A. On the surface外表上；B. On the whle基本上；C. On the cntrary相反；D. On the g忙個(gè)不停。由后文“Hwever, with time ging by and mre reflectin n the results”可知，這里只是從表面上淺層分析，后面才是深層分析。故選A。
【50題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從表面上看，這些結(jié)果似乎提供了一種令人耳目一新的、樂觀的人性觀。A. neutral中立的；B. critical批評(píng)的；C. negative消極的；D. ptimistic樂觀的。由后文“psitive ”可知，這里應(yīng)填ptimistic，ptimistic view f human nature表“樂觀的人性觀”。故選D。
【51題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始是一件積極的事情，比如，人們比你想象的更有可能為你做事情，這不是很好嗎？A. strange奇怪的；B. great極好的；C. disappinting令人失望的；D. nrmal正常的。由后文“peple are mre likely t d things fr yu than yu think”可知，人們比你想象還更可能為你做事，這是一件“很好”的事情。故選B。
【52題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移和對(duì)結(jié)果的更多反思，Andria開始意識(shí)到，她的結(jié)果反映了一種更廣泛的趨勢(shì)，即我們通常低估了我們的話語對(duì)他人的影響程度，無論我們是在要求他們做好事還是壞事。A. deny否認(rèn)；B. dubt懷疑；C. appreciate理解、意識(shí)到；D. subscribe訂閱。由后文“her results reflect a brader tendency”可知，后文Andria在對(duì)她的研究進(jìn)行總結(jié)，所以這里選appreciate表“意識(shí)到”符合文意。故選C。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移和對(duì)結(jié)果的更多反思，Andria開始意識(shí)到，她的結(jié)果反映了一種更廣泛的趨勢(shì)，即我們通常低估了我們的話語對(duì)他人的影響程度，無論我們是在要求他們做好事還是壞事。A. underestimate低估；B. verstate夸大；C. distinguish區(qū)別；D. misuse濫用。由前文“d things fr yu than yu think”可知，當(dāng)我們請(qǐng)求人們?yōu)槲覀冏鍪聲r(shí)，人們比你想象得還更可能為你做事，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)“低估”我們?cè)捳Z對(duì)別人的影響。故選A。
【54題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移和對(duì)結(jié)果的更多反思，Andria開始意識(shí)到，她的結(jié)果反映了一種更廣泛的趨勢(shì)，即我們通常低估了我們的話語對(duì)他人的影響程度，無論我們是在要求他們做好事還是壞事。A. in在里面；B. with和；C. abve在……以上；D. n在上面。根據(jù)上文“hw much influence ur wrds can have”指對(duì)別人的影響，應(yīng)用have influence n。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移和對(duì)結(jié)果的更多反思，Andria開始意識(shí)到，她的結(jié)果反映了一種更廣泛的趨勢(shì)，即我們通常低估了我們的話語對(duì)他人的影響程度，無論我們是在要求他們做好事還是壞事。A. imitate模仿；B. practice實(shí)踐；C. measure測(cè)量；D. perfrm執(zhí)行、履行。由后文“ actins”
可知，這里應(yīng)選擇perfrm，而perfrm actins表“采取行動(dòng)”，符合語境。故選D。
【56題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們通常會(huì)同意做他們被要求做的事情，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得說不太尷尬，即使他們對(duì)我們的要求感到不舒服。A. awkward尷尬的；B. tuched感動(dòng)的；C. surprised驚訝的；D. amused有趣的。根據(jù)后文“t say n, even when they feel uncmfrtable”可知，這里指尷尬，故選A。
【57題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們通常會(huì)同意做他們被要求做的事情，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得說不太尷尬，即使他們對(duì)我們的要求感到不舒服。A. suggestins建議；B. requests請(qǐng)求；C. quests探求；D. rder訂單。根據(jù)上文“Peple ften agree t d what they are asked”可知，這里指我們的要求，呼應(yīng)下文“ur demands”。故選B。
【58題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：了解這一點(diǎn)可以幫助我們理解我們的請(qǐng)求可能會(huì)如何影響其他人——尤其是在工作場(chǎng)所——并幫助我們相應(yīng)地調(diào)整我們的請(qǐng)求，以尊重人們的底線，而不把他們?yōu)槲覀兯龅氖虑橐暈槔硭?dāng)然。A. mislead誤導(dǎo)；B. impress使印象深刻；C. infect傳染；D. affect影響。由前文“hw much influence ur wrds can have ver thers”可知，我們的請(qǐng)求是會(huì)“影響”別人的。故選D。
【59題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：了解這一點(diǎn)可以幫助我們理解我們的請(qǐng)求可能會(huì)如何影響其他人——尤其是在工作場(chǎng)所——并幫助我們相應(yīng)地調(diào)整我們的請(qǐng)求，以尊重人們的底線，而不把他們?yōu)槲覀兯龅氖虑橐暈槔硭?dāng)然。A. defense防御；B. assumptins假設(shè)；C. bundaries邊界；D. rudeness粗魯。由后文“withut taking what they have dne fr us fr granted”以及語境可知，在我們請(qǐng)求別人做事時(shí)不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的并且也要尊重別人，不能超過他們（舒適的）邊界。故選C。
【60題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：了解這一點(diǎn)可以幫助我們理解我們的請(qǐng)求可能會(huì)如何影響其他人——尤其是在工作場(chǎng)所——并幫助我們相應(yīng)地調(diào)整我們的請(qǐng)求，以尊重人們的底線，而不把他們?yōu)槲覀兯龅氖虑橐暈槔硭?dāng)然。A. ignring忽視；B. taking帶走；C. ging離開；D. bringing帶來。根據(jù)后文“what they have dne fr us fr granted.”可知為take sth. fr granted表示“視為理所當(dāng)然”。故選B。
第II卷非選擇題（50分）
第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
When 21-year-ld Anabelle rdered fd using DrDash, she unknwingly started a chain f events that she
didn't knw ___61___ （change）a stranger's life.
It started when her drbell camera gave her ___62___ view f an elderly man delivering her fd. He was clearly struggling, but he still managed t get the jb ___63___ （d）. T help him ut, she gave him a $30 tip n a $21 rder—but that was just the start f her ___64___ （generus）.
After a TikTk she psted f the delivery went viral, Anabelle made up her mind ___65___ （use）the prfit she had gained t raise mney fr this stranger. She cntacted DrDash t get his infrmatin. But they had t cntact him first. ___66___ （unlucky）, he never answered.
Finally, Anabelle knew this man's name: Kerry Judd. At 71 years ld, Kerry still culdn't slw dwn. His wife died and his tw sns are under his care. His incme ___67___ a DrDash deliverer isn't reliable, and recent health issues have made things even ___68___ （hard）.
Anabelle shared his stry n GFundMe where it slwly ___69___ surely began t reach cuntless peple wh ____70____ （mve）by Kerry's struggles. By nw, she has cllected ver $10,700!
【答案】61. wuld change
62 a 63. dne
64. genersity
65. t use 66. Unluckily
67. as 68. harder
69. but 70. were mved
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了21歲的安娜貝爾在把一位70多歲的老人送外賣的視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上后，引起了人們的關(guān)注，后來她在網(wǎng)上為這位老人發(fā)起募捐，幫助改變他的生活。
【61題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)21歲的安娜貝爾使用DrDash點(diǎn)餐時(shí)，她在不知不覺中開始了一系列她不知道會(huì)改變一個(gè)陌生人生活的事件。根據(jù)句意可知，Anabelle當(dāng)時(shí)不知道她的行為將會(huì)改變一位老人的命運(yùn)，因此應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí)。故填wuld change。
【62題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)她的門鈴攝像頭讓她看到一個(gè)老人給她送食物時(shí)，事情就開始了。根據(jù)句意可知，表示當(dāng)時(shí)在攝像頭里面看到的一幕，故應(yīng)該用不定冠詞a，a view f “看到”。故填a。
【63題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他顯然在掙扎，但他仍然設(shè)法完成了工作。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“get+賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語jb和get之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填dne。
【64題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：為了幫助他，她在21美元的訂單上給了他30美元的小費(fèi)——但這只是她慷慨的開始。形容詞性物主代詞her后面應(yīng)該接名詞形式作介詞f的賓語。故填genersity。
【65題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在她發(fā)布的關(guān)于送貨的TikTk上瘋傳后，安娜貝爾下定決心用她獲得的利潤為這個(gè)陌生人籌集資金。固定短語：make up ne’s mind t d sth. 意為“下決心做某事”。故填t use。
【66題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：不幸，他從來沒有回答。設(shè)空處位于句首，判斷應(yīng)該用副詞作狀語修飾整個(gè)句子。故填Unluckily。
【67題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：他作為DrDash送貨員的收入并不可靠。根據(jù)上文可知，老人是DrDash公司送外賣的人，因此用as“作為”表示身份。故填as。
【68題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：他作為DrDash送貨員的收入并不可靠，而且最近的健康問題讓事情變得更加艱難。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)判斷此處是“make+賓語+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)”，應(yīng)該用形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，而even修飾比較級(jí)，故填harder。
【69題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：Anabelle在GFundMe上分享了他的故事，在那里它緩慢但肯定地開始接觸到無數(shù)被Kerry的掙扎感動(dòng)的人。根據(jù)句意判斷slwly和surely之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填連詞but。
【70題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：Anabelle在GFundMe上分享了他的故事，在那里它緩慢但肯定地開始接觸到無數(shù)被Kerry的努力感動(dòng)的人。根據(jù)句意以及語境判斷應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，再根據(jù)主謂一致的原則wh指代cuntless peple判斷，故填were mved。
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
71. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
My friend travels t many places when she was yung. But she can’t drive it nw due t a prblem with her hand. On the phne she said she wanted t g and see the gardens with full blms. S we drve t the garden n the side f the muntain and spent a happier day there.
After see the beautiful flwers, we had tea and snacks tgether n benches verlking the wide muntain and sky landscape.
It was lvely t listen fr her talk abut her schl life. At schl she had subjects such as cking, baking, r crafting. She was delighted t talk and what delighted I was t hear abut her clrfully life!
【答案】1. travels→ travelled 2. it刪除 3. gardens→ garden 4. happier→happy 5.see→seeing
6. benches前加the 7.fr→ t 8.r→ and 9.what→hw 10. clrfully→clrful
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和朋友邊喝下午茶，邊聊天，邊欣賞美景的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我的朋友年輕時(shí)去過很多地方。句中描述的是過去發(fā)生的事實(shí)，應(yīng)該使用一般過去時(shí)。故將travels改為travelled。
2. 考查代詞。句意：但她現(xiàn)在不能開車了，因?yàn)樗氖钟袉栴}。句中drive此處為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“開車”，后不需要接賓語。故將it刪除。
3. 考查名詞。句意：她在電話里說她想去看那些開滿鮮花的花園。句中g(shù)arden表示的是單數(shù)，故將gardens改為garden。
4. 考查形容詞。句意：于是我們開車去了山邊的花園，在那里度過了快樂的一天。此處沒有體現(xiàn)出比較級(jí)，使用形容詞原級(jí)對(duì)day進(jìn)行修飾。故將happier改為happy。
5. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：看完美麗的花朵后，我們一起坐在長凳上喝茶、吃點(diǎn)心，俯瞰著寬闊的山川和天空。句中after為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故將see改為seeing。
6. 考查冠詞。句意：同上。句中n the benches為固定搭配，意為“在長椅上”。故在benches前加the。
7. 考查介詞。句意：聽她講她的學(xué)校生活真是太好了。句中l(wèi)isten t為固定搭配，故將fr改為t。
8.考查連詞。句意：在學(xué)校里，她有烹飪、烘焙和手工制作等科目。此處表示并列關(guān)系，故將r改為and。
9. 考查感嘆句。句意：她很高興交談，我是多么高興聽到她豐富多彩的生活！句中是對(duì)delighted形容詞進(jìn)
行感嘆，應(yīng)該使用hw。故將what改為hw。
10. 考查形容詞。句意：同上。應(yīng)該使用形容詞修飾名詞，作定語。故將clrfully改為clrful。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
72. 中華傳統(tǒng)文化崇尚以和為貴，重視人際和善、鄰里和諧、家庭和睦，這些理念深深影響著中國人的思想和行為，也影響著國家和社會(huì)治理方式。請(qǐng)以“Harmny is mst precius”為題寫一篇短文向?qū)W校英語報(bào)投稿。內(nèi)容包括：
1．解讀“和”的內(nèi)涵及其意義；
2．中華傳統(tǒng)文化中“和為貴”的事例；
3．事例對(duì)你的啟發(fā)。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．短文的題目和開頭已為你寫好。
Harmny is mst precius
Harmny has many different meanings. Harmnius music makes a pleasant sund and harmnius flavrs makes a delicius meal.
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【答案】參考范文
Harmny is mst precius
Harmny has many different meanings. Harmnius music makes a pleasant sund and harmnius flavrs makes a delicius meal. Harmny is all abut finding the right balance in different situatins t btain peace. Living in harmny, peple can share varius kinds f interests and accept different pinins withut shwing disagreements.
During the Warring States perid, Lin Xiangru was granted the title f Shangqing. Lian P, an ld general, thught he was just a weak schlar, s he wanted t d smething t make him feel ashamed. When Lin Xiangru knew this, he fcused n natinal affairs. Later, Lian P learned that Lin Xiangru’s actin was based n state affairs, s he made an aplgy. They became friends and wrked tgether t serve the cuntry.
Harmny is an imprtant part f the Chinese culture. Harmny makes a better wrld.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放作文。要求考生向?qū)W校英語報(bào)投稿，介紹中華傳統(tǒng)文化崇尚以和為貴，重視人際和善、鄰里和諧、家庭和睦，這些理念深深影響著中國人的思想和行為，也影響著國家和社會(huì)治理方式。文章包括：解讀“和”的內(nèi)涵及其意義，中華傳統(tǒng)文化中“和為貴”的事例以及事例對(duì)考生的啟發(fā)。
【詳解】詞匯積累
實(shí)現(xiàn)和平：btain peace → achieve peace
和睦相處：live in harmny →live tgether in peace
專注于：fcus n→ cncentrate n
合作：wrked tgether →cperate
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Living in harmny, peple can share varius kinds f interests and accept different pinins withut shwing disagreements.
拓展句：When peple live in harmny, peple can share varius kinds f interests and accept different pinins withut shwing disagreements.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Harmny is all abut finding the right balance in different situatins t btain peace.（運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞abut賓語）
【高分句型2】Living in harmny, peple can share varius kinds f interests and accept different pinins withut shwing disagreements. （運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語）

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