考題主要在單項(xiàng)選擇,語法選擇,語法填空,選詞填空中出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然書面表達(dá)中準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)也會(huì)影響學(xué)生得分。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)歷來是中考題中考查的重頭戲之一。測試重點(diǎn)放在根據(jù)特定語言環(huán)境區(qū)別使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(過去時(shí))與現(xiàn)在(過去)進(jìn)行時(shí);特定的時(shí)間狀語中時(shí)態(tài)的使用;結(jié)合所獲得的語言知識(shí)確定正確時(shí)態(tài)的能力等。綜上所述,動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)在中考測試中的地位非常重要。因而考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考中必須對本專題引起足夠的重視。
1.(2023·武漢) Jessica ________ every night befre her Chinese test and gt gd results.
A. studiesB. studiedC. has studiedD. will study
【答案】B
【解析】句意:杰西卡在語文考試前每天晚上都學(xué)習(xí),并取得了好成績。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)(語言環(huán)境)and以及gt 可知,空處與gt是并列關(guān)系,所以空處填動(dòng)詞過去式,故選B。
2. (2023·武漢)—Wh will talk abut the develpment f American cuntry music next week?
—I suggest Brad. He ________ in Nashville, the hme f cuntry music, since he was a child.
A. livesB. livedC. has livedD. will live
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——下周是誰將會(huì)談?wù)撽P(guān)于美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)展?——我建議布拉德。他從小住在鄉(xiāng)村音樂之都——納什維爾。
考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“since he was a child.”可知,這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。
3.(2023·安徽)— Jim, I’ve gt a prblem with my car. Culd yu help me?
— Srry, nt right nw. I ________ a shrt vide.
A. make B. have made C. am making D. was making
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——Jim,我的車出問題了。你能幫我嗎?——對不起,現(xiàn)在不行。我正在做一個(gè)短視頻。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Srry, nt right nw. I … a shrt vide”可知,現(xiàn)在正在制作短視頻,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,故選C。
4. (2023·河北)I ________ ice skating this Sunday. D yu want t cme?
A. g B. went C. was ging D. will g
【答案】D
【解析】句意:這個(gè)星期天我要去滑冰。你想來嗎?
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“D yu want t cme”可知?jiǎng)幼鬟€未發(fā)生,用一般將來時(shí)will d。故選D。
5. (2023·天津)While we ________ an English sng, sme visitrs came t ur class.
A. singB. will singC. were singingD. are singing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:當(dāng)我們正在唱一首英文歌時(shí),一些來訪者來到我們班。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“While”以及“sme visitrs came t ur class”可知此句是含有while的過去進(jìn)行時(shí):was/were ding,故選C。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)區(qū)別
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1. (2023·江蘇南通)— My father and I ________ a lt f phts at the same place in the past ten years.
— Thse phts must be yur valuable memries.
A. have takenB. will takeC. takeD. were taking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——在過去的十年里,我和父親在同一個(gè)地方拍了很多照片。——那些照片一定是你珍貴的回憶。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“in the past ten years”可知,此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has dne。故選A。
2. (2023·江蘇無錫)Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s yu! I didn’t expect yu ________ ver. What a nice surprise!
A. had cmeB. have cmeC. wuld cmeD. will cme
【答案】C
【解析】句意:嘿,珍妮阿姨!是你!我沒想到你會(huì)過來。多么驚喜?。?br>考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由“didn’t expect”可知,主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),則從句也應(yīng)為過去時(shí)態(tài)?!皝怼钡膭?dòng)作發(fā)生在將來,應(yīng)為將來時(shí),故空格處為過去將來時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)是wuld d。故選C。
3. (2023·江蘇徐州) I saw Harry in February and I ________ him since then.
A. didn’t seeB. wn’t seeC. haven’t seenD. dn’t see
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我在二月份見過哈利,從那以后就再也沒見過他。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“since then”可知,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has dne。故選C。
4. (2023·湖北孝感) — What d yu think f the nvel, Jurney t the West?
— It’s s exciting that I ________ it fr three times.
A. readB. will readC. have readD. was reading
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你覺得這部小說《西游記》怎么樣?——它太令人興奮了,我已經(jīng)讀了三遍了。
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“It’s s exciting”及“fr three times”可知,表示已經(jīng)看過三次,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”,主語為I,助動(dòng)詞用have,故選C。
5. (2023·北京)—Lucy, what are yu ding?
—I ________ a mdel ship.
A. makeB. madeC. am makingD. was making
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——露西,你在干什么?——我正在制作一個(gè)輪船模型。
考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“what are yu ding?”可知句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來回答,其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為:am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞。故選C。
6. (2023·北京)The Shenzhu-15 astrnauts ________ t Earth safely n June 4, 2023.
A. returnB. returnedC. will returnD. have returned
【答案】B
【解析】句意:神舟15號(hào)宇航員于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“n June 4, 2023”可知是過去發(fā)生的事情,用一般過去時(shí),謂語用過去式returned。故選B。
7. (2023·北京)If yu g t the cncert with us tmrrw, yu ________ a great time there.
A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. have had
【答案】C
【解析】句意:如果你明天和我們一起去聽音樂會(huì),你會(huì)玩得很開心的。
考查時(shí)態(tài)。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則,主句用一般將來時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)為will d。故選C。
8. (2023·北京)Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A. is learningB. was learningC. will learnD. has learned
【答案】D
【解析】句意:自從Eric對科學(xué)感興趣以來,他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了很多東西。
考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“since he became interested in science”可知,句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其謂語結(jié)構(gòu):have/has+過去分詞。故選D。
9. (2023·江西)—What’s that nise, Tm?
—Oh, sme children ________ in the yard.
A. playB. are playingC. playedD. will play
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——Tm,那是什么聲音?——哦,一些孩子們在院子里玩。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“What’s that nise”可知,詢問正在發(fā)出的聲音是什么,所以答語用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),故選B。
10. (2023·天津)While we ________ an English sng, sme visitrs came t ur class.
A. singB. will singC. were singingD. are singing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:當(dāng)我們正在唱一首英文歌時(shí),一些來訪者來到我們班。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“While”以及“sme visitrs came t ur class”可知此句是含有while的過去進(jìn)行時(shí):was/were ding,故選C。
11.---Hurry up! ---One mment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready t g.
A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. have read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——快點(diǎn)!——馬上,我在讀電子郵件,我準(zhǔn)備走了。根據(jù)read一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),am reading現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),was reading過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu), have read現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)One mment.和 then I’m ready t g.可知是我正在讀,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);故選B。
12.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylr befre.
---Dn’t wrry. I ______ him t yu befre the meeting.
A. will intrduceB. intrducedC. have intrducedD. had intrduced
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——以前我從來沒見過Taylr先生?!灰獡?dān)心,開會(huì)前我會(huì)把他介紹給你的。根據(jù)will intrduce一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),intrduced一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),have intrduced現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),had intrduced過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)Dn’t wrry.和 befre the meeting.可知是將來時(shí)態(tài);故選A。
13.–Linda, Dad has finished his wrk and we ___________ t the gym t pick yu up.
-Thank yu, Mum.
A. driveB. drveC. have drivenD. are driving
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——Linda,爸爸下班了,我們就要開車去健身房接你。——謝謝你們,媽媽。考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。A. drive駕駛、開車,動(dòng)詞原形;B. drve過去式;C. have driven現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);D. are driving現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)Linda, Dad has finished his wrk and we _____ t the gym t pick yu up. 可知,前半句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,即爸爸的工作已完成,那么現(xiàn)在的話就是要開車去接你,所以這里應(yīng)該是“就要開車去接你”;drive可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來。故答案選D。
14.—D yu knw if he_______ t play ftball with us?
—I think he will cme if he ______ free tmrrw.
A. cmes; is B. cmes; will be C. will cme; is D. will cme; will be
【答案】C
【解析】考查賓語從句和條件狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。問句中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,由于主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況確定,根據(jù)問句句意“你知道他是否要來和我們一起踢球?”可以確定用一般將來時(shí);答語中,if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句,在含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中,其時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則確定。
15. –Uncle Sam said he ____________ my birthday party, but he never shwed up.
- That’s Uncle Sam. He frgets everything!
A. will attend B. wuld attend C. has attended D. had attended
【答案】B
【解析】句意:— —山姆大叔說他會(huì)參加我的生日聚會(huì),但他沒來。 — —那就是山姆大叔。他什么都忘了!
A為一般將來時(shí);B為過去將來時(shí);C為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);D為過去完成時(shí)。分析句子Uncle Sam said he ____________ my birthday party, but he never shwed up. 的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本題是一個(gè)賓語從句,主句Uncle Sam said是一般過去時(shí),因此在賓語從句中應(yīng)該用過去范疇的某一種時(shí)態(tài),排除A/C;根據(jù)my birthday party可知,應(yīng)該是將要參加我的生日聚會(huì),因此應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí),故選B。
16.The student tld me that he _______ the exam _______.
A. has had; yesterday B. had; the day befre yesterday
C. had had; the day befre D. had had; yesterday
【答案】D
【解析】試題分析:句意:學(xué)生告訴我他已經(jīng)在前天考完了。這里tld發(fā)生在過去,考試是在告訴以前發(fā)生的,故 用過去完成時(shí),與它連用的時(shí)間狀語是the day befre, the day befre yesterday和yesterday都與過去式連用。 故選C。
17. —Hell! May I speak t Kate?
—Srry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-png utside.
A. is playingB. playsC. playedD. will play
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你好!我可以和凱特說話嗎?——對不起,她不在。她在外面打乒乓球。
考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“Srry, she isn’t in.”可知,闡述正在發(fā)生的事,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”。故選A。
18. (2022·湖北武漢中考) —I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.
—I ________. It’s nt safe.
A. agreeB. agreedC. will agreeD. had agreed
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我認(rèn)為16歲的孩子不應(yīng)該被允許開車?!彝狻_@不安全。
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.”可知此處表達(dá)自己當(dāng)前的想法,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選A。
19. The chief engineer annunced that they ________ a space lab n the space statin arund the end f 2022.
A. have builtB. had builtC. will buildD. wuld build
【答案】D
【解析】句意:總工程師宣布,他們將于2022年底左右在空間站建造一個(gè)空間實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“The chief engineer annunced that”可知,that后為賓語從句,主句為一般過去時(shí),從句為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài),結(jié)合從句時(shí)間狀語“arund the end f 2022”可知,此處使用過去將來時(shí),wuld+動(dòng)詞原形。故選D。
20. —May I speak t Wang Li?
—Srry, she is nt at hme. She ________ since last mnth.
A. leftB. has leftC. has been awayD. went away
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我可以和王麗說話嗎?——對不起,她不在家。從上個(gè)月開始,她就離開了。
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“since last mnth”可知句子應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has dne,排除AD;且此處應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而left“離開”是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞,排除B。故選C。
21.(2023·江蘇連云港二模)They didn’t ntice me cme in because they ________ cmputer games.
A.playB.a(chǎn)re playingC.were playing D.have played
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他們沒有注意到我進(jìn)來,因?yàn)樗麄冋谕骐娔X游戲。
考查時(shí)態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)句意可知此處要表達(dá)“正在玩”的意思,又因前面“didn’t ntice”,可知本句時(shí)態(tài)為過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故選C。
22.(2023·河北石家莊一模)I ________ a cld. I am nt feeling well nw.
A.catchB.have caughtC.will catchD.was catching
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我感冒了。我現(xiàn)在感覺不舒服。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。catch患 (病);catch a cld“感冒”,固定搭配;根據(jù)“I am nt feeling well nw.”可知,“感冒”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,并對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響,句子時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)為:have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞;主語是I,助動(dòng)詞用have;catch的過去分詞是caught。故選B。
23.(2023·上海靜安二模)Many peple ________ busily in that building at eight yesterday evening.
A.a(chǎn)re wrkingB.were wrkingC.has wrkedD.had wrked
【答案】B
【解析】句意:昨天晚上八點(diǎn),很多人正在那棟建筑里忙碌地工作。
考查謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at eight yesterday evening”可知,應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were ding”。故選B。
24.(2023·上海普陀·統(tǒng)考二模)The by ________ and shwed us a rw f white teeth.
A.laughB.laughedC.laughsD.is laughing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:男孩大笑,露出了一排白牙。
考查謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“ shwed us a rw f white teeth.”可知連詞and連接并列謂語,應(yīng)和shwed保持一致,均用過去式,為一般過去時(shí)。故選B。
25.(2023·河北衡水一模)Well, everyne ________ taking the ntes. Nw let’s g n ur class.
A.finishedB.has finishedC.was finishingD.will finish
【答案】B
【解析】句意:好了,大家都記完了筆記。現(xiàn)在讓我們繼續(xù)上課。
考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“everyne…taking the ntes. Nw let’s g n ur class.”可知,大家已經(jīng)記完了筆記才能繼續(xù)上課,表示過去發(fā)生的事對現(xiàn)在造成的影響應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選B。
26.(2023·遼寧沈陽一模)—When did yu __________ the new watch?
—Well, I __________ it fr tw weeks.
A.have bught; have hadB.bught; have bught
C.buy; have hadD.buy; bught
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你什么時(shí)候買的新手表?——嗯,我已經(jīng)買了兩個(gè)星期了。
考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。第一空是when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,由“did”可知,句子是一般過去時(shí),見到did,動(dòng)詞用原形,此處用動(dòng)詞buy;第二空根據(jù)“fr tw weeks”可知,句子需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞,buy買,是短暫性動(dòng)詞不能用于表示一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí),需換成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have,have的過去分詞是had。故選C。
27.(2023·河北滄州·統(tǒng)考一模)Jack ________ the yard when I passed by.
A.cleanedB.is cleaningC.was cleaning D.cleans
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我經(jīng)過的時(shí)候,杰克正在打掃院子。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)when以及passed可知,主句表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的事情,時(shí)態(tài)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were ding的結(jié)構(gòu),故選C。
28.(2023·湖北十堰一模)— Yu lk pretty busy, hw cme?
— We ________ fr an ffice party nw.
A.prepareB.have preparedC.a(chǎn)re preparingD.were preparing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你看起來很忙,怎么回事?——我們現(xiàn)在正在為辦公室聚會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)nw可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be ding結(jié)構(gòu),故選C。
29.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday.
A. takeB. are taking C. were takingD. have taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候九年級的學(xué)生正在參加數(shù)學(xué)考試??疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。at this time yesterday昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)“was/were + ding”結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,可知選C。
30.---Hurry up! ---One mment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready t g.
A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. have read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——快點(diǎn)!——馬上,我在讀電子郵件,我準(zhǔn)備走了。根據(jù)read一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),am reading現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),was reading過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu), have read現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)One mment.和 then I’m ready t g.可知是我正在讀,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);故選B。
31.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylr befre.
---Dn’t wrry. I ______ him t yu befre the meeting.
A. will intrduceB. intrducedC. have intrducedD. had intrduced
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——以前我從來沒見過Taylr先生。——不要擔(dān)心,開會(huì)前我會(huì)把他介紹給你的。根據(jù)will intrduce一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),intrduced一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),have intrduced現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),had intrduced過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)Dn’t wrry.和 befre the meeting.可知是將來時(shí)態(tài);故選A。
32.I ______ up at 6:30 every mrning.
A. get B. gt C. will get D. gets
【答案】A
【解析】 句意:我每天早上6:30起床。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語every mrning可以判斷是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),主語為第一人稱單數(shù)形式,所以選擇動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。
33.Mst f my gd friends ________ when I ________ at the party.
A. left; had arrivedB. had left; arrived
C. left; arrivedD. had left; had arrived
【答案】B
【解析】句意:當(dāng)我到達(dá)晚會(huì)時(shí),我的大部分朋友已經(jīng)離開了。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)用法。left一般過去時(shí); had arrived過去完成時(shí) ;had left過去完成時(shí); arrived一般過去時(shí);left; arrived兩者都是一般過去時(shí);had left過去完成時(shí); had arrived過去完成時(shí)。根據(jù)邏輯思維可知朋友是過去的過去離開的,在我到達(dá)晚會(huì)之前,所以前者用過去完成時(shí);到晚會(huì)用一般過去時(shí),故選B。
34.When he was in the shp, he fund he ________ his wallet.
A. lstB. has lst
C. had lstD. wuld lse
【答案】C
【解析】句意:當(dāng)他在商店時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)他丟了錢包。
考查動(dòng)詞過去完成時(shí)態(tài)用法。lst是一般過去時(shí);has lst是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);had lst是過去完成時(shí);wuld lse是過去將來時(shí)。根據(jù)在商店里是一般過去時(shí)態(tài),可知丟錢包在這之前,所以用過去完成時(shí),故選C。
35.By the end f last week, she __________ in the west f China fr tw mnths helping the hmeless children.
A. will stayB. has stayedC. wuld stayD. had stayed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:到上周末為止,她已經(jīng)在中國西部,幫助那些無家可歸的孩子兩個(gè)月了。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語By the end f last week到上周末為止,可知本句描述的是過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,故用過去完成時(shí)態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)是had+過去分詞,故選D。
36.—Did yu see Mrs. Lee in the meeting rm?
—N. When I gt there, she ________ anther meeting.
A. had left frB. had left t
C. was leaving frD. was leaving t
【答案】A
【解析】句意:—你在會(huì)議室看見李老師嗎? —沒有。當(dāng)我到那里時(shí),她已經(jīng)動(dòng)身去下一場會(huì)議了。
考查動(dòng)詞過去完成時(shí)。had left fr已經(jīng)動(dòng)身往某地,是過去完成時(shí);had left t 過去完成時(shí),介詞不對;was leaving fr正要?jiǎng)由砬巴车兀沁^去進(jìn)行時(shí);was leaving t是過去進(jìn)行時(shí),根據(jù)前面否定回答可知李老師已經(jīng)趕往下一場會(huì)議,用過去完成時(shí),故選A。
37.—Yu didn’t watch the mvie?
—Yes, but by the time I ______ t the cinema, the mvie ______ fr several minutes.
A. gt; has begunB. gt; had been n
C. gt; had begunD. gt; has been n
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-你沒有看這部電影嗎?-不,我看了,但是當(dāng)我到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候,電影已經(jīng)開始好幾分鐘了。gt到達(dá),過去式;has begun現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);had been n過去完成時(shí),系表結(jié)構(gòu);had begun過去完成時(shí);has been n現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。結(jié)合本題語境可知,在我倒電影院之前,電影已經(jīng)開始幾分鐘了。當(dāng)by the time后的從句用一般過去時(shí),主句要用過去完成時(shí),再結(jié)合fr several minutes可知,要用延續(xù)性的had been n。故選B。
38.—It's ten years since we came here
—Hw time flies! We ________ in China fr s lng.
A. wrkB. wrked C. will wrk D. have wrked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:-自從我們來到這里已經(jīng)有10年了。-時(shí)間過得真快?。∥覀冊谥袊ぷ髁诉@么長時(shí)間了。wrk工作,動(dòng)詞原形;wrked工作,一般過去時(shí);will wrk一般將來時(shí);have wrked現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)對話的情景以及句中的時(shí)間狀語fr s lng可知,這里表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故選D。
39.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday.
A. takeB. are taking C. were takingD. have taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候九年級的學(xué)生正在參加數(shù)學(xué)考試??疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。at this time yesterday昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)“was/were + ding”結(jié)構(gòu);根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,可知選C。
40.Amn ____________ his ship in a big strm when a giant fish came ut f the sea.
A. will sailB. is sailingC. was sailingD. has sailed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:阿蒙駕船在暴風(fēng)雨中航行時(shí),一條大魚從海里游了出來。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。本句是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,時(shí)態(tài)遵循主過從過;根據(jù)when a giant fish came ut f the sea.可知遇到大雨時(shí)阿蒙正在航行,主句需用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故選C。
二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. A serius car accident ________ (happen) in this street last Sunday.
2. —What will the weather be like this cming Saturday?
—I hpe it ________ (be) a fine day fr ur picnic! I can't wait!
3. —D yu like junk fd,Linda?
—That's my favrite. The mre junk fd I ________ (have),the happier I ________ (be).
4. —What did yur mther say abut this?
—She ________ (say) that she ________ (try) her best t help me with my English next term.
5. —Dn't get ff the bus until it ________ (stp),Tm.
—I wn't,Dad. Dn't wrry abut me.
6. —Is yur father a dctr?
—Yes,he is. He ________ (wrk) in the Children's Hspital.
7. —I called yu yesterday evening,but there was n answer.
—Oh,I'm srry. I _____ (have) dinner at my friend's at that time.
8. I ________ (nt read) the bk Little Wmen yet,but I'll let yu read it first
9.I (nt hear) frm my friend since he mved t Shanghai.
10.This nvel is very interesting. My brther (read) it three times.
11. When the drbell rang, I (chat) happily with my grandma n the phne.
12.My father (buy) the car five years ag.
13. By the end f last year, I ____________(be) t the West Hill Farm three times.
14. Mm____________(g) ut fr sme exercise by the time I gt up.
15. We ________________(paint) the huse befre we mved in.
【答案】1.happened 2. will be 3 . have;will be 4. said;wuld try 5. stps 6. wrks 7. was having
8. haven't read 9.haven’t heard 10.has read 11.was chatting 12.bught 13.had been 14.had gne 15.had painted
動(dòng)詞語態(tài)
語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。本專題目的是要完全掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成,能在語境中正確判斷被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用及時(shí)態(tài)變化。熟練掌握中考的考向及解題方法及思路。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)在中考中一般以單項(xiàng)選擇題,語法選擇,選詞填空,完成句子出現(xiàn)在中考的試卷中。各省市主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過去時(shí),一般將來時(shí),含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)??疾榈碾y點(diǎn)就是要判斷是否要使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),這是歷來學(xué)生出錯(cuò)的地方。判斷的方法就是掌握動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者和承受著這一概念。
1.(2023·廣州·語法選擇)This little ne ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
A. calledB. was callingC. was calledD. were called
【答案】C
【解析】句意:這只小鳥被叫做小六。
called稱呼,過去式;was calling正在叫;was called被叫做,主語是第一人稱或單數(shù);were called被叫做,主語是第二人稱或復(fù)數(shù)。此處“This little ne”與“call”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是單數(shù)。故選C。
2. (2023·廣州·完成句子) 我希望有一天我的繪畫作品會(huì)在美術(shù)館展出。
I hpe ne day my art wrks ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
【答案】will be shwn
【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知,shw表示“展出”,是動(dòng)詞,和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合“I hpe ne day”可知,句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):will be dne。故填will;be;shwn。
3. (2023·湖北鄂州) —What language ________ in Germany?
—Mst peple speak German, but many can speak English, t.
A. speak B. is spken C. is speaking D. speaks
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——在德國說哪種語言?——大多數(shù)人會(huì)說德語,但也有很多人會(huì)說英語。
考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),句子主語language與動(dòng)詞speak存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則句子采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為:am/is/are+過去分詞。故選B。
4. (2023·安徽)Cmputers have had a great influence n learning methds since they ________ int schls.
A. intrduceB. intrducedC. are intrducedD. were intrduced
【答案】D
【解析】句意:自從計(jì)算機(jī)被引入學(xué)校以來,它們對學(xué)習(xí)方法產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,從句用一般過去時(shí),主語“they”指代“Cmputers”,與謂語動(dòng)詞intrduce“引進(jìn)”之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(were dne)。故選D。
一:被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定義
?英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài):主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。在主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),句子的主語是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;在被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),句子的主語是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者。如:
They built this huse. 他們建造了這座房子。
主語they是built這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。
The huse was built by them. 這座房子是由他們建造的。
主語the huse是built這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者,動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
1 “be +(及物動(dòng)詞的)過去分詞”構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式。be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。
以動(dòng)詞d為例,幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下:
二:被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
This kind f machine is made in Guangzhu.
這種機(jī)器是廣州制造的。
The cmputer was stlen.那臺(tái)電腦被偷了。
A new rad is being built utside my huse.
我家門口正在修一條新路。
The man was being questined by the plice.
這個(gè)人當(dāng)時(shí)正在被警察盤問。
Yur wallet has been fund. 你的錢夾已經(jīng)找到了。
Yur watch will be repaired. 你的表將會(huì)被修理好。
2 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定句和疑問句。
(1) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定句在be后加nt。如:
The sng is nt liked by yung peple. 這首歌不受年輕人喜愛。
(2) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的疑問句將be提至主語前。如:
Is Chinese used nly in China? 漢語只在中國使用嗎?
— Are these cmputers made in the USA? 這些電腦是美國制造的嗎?
— Yes, they are. 是的。 N, they aren’t. 不,不是的。
動(dòng)詞語態(tài)訓(xùn)練
1.(2023·江蘇徐州)The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A. is lvedB. was lvedC. will lveD. is lving
【答案】A
【解析】句意:孫悟空是中國的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛。
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)及動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“by”可知,此處是被動(dòng)語態(tài),指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實(shí),故為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選A。
2(2023·江蘇連云港)While everyne ________ the cmics page, I picked up a cpy t see what was s funny.
A. is laughing atB. laughed atC. laughs atD. was laughing at
【答案】D
【解析】句意:當(dāng)每個(gè)人都在笑漫畫頁時(shí),我拿起一本,想看看是什么這么好笑。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。laugh at“嘲笑”,本文是while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生,結(jié)合“I picked up a cpy”可知,從句時(shí)態(tài)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/were ding),故選D。
3.(2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江)When I was a pupil, sme f my pcket mney ________ t buy cmic bks.
A. useB. is usedC. usedD. was used
【答案】D
【解析】句意:當(dāng)我還是個(gè)學(xué)生的時(shí)候,我的一些零花錢被用來買漫畫書。
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析題干可知,主語pcket mney和動(dòng)詞use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合“When I was a pupil”可知,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),故選D。
4.(2023·黑龍江牡丹市)The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhu frm September 23 t Octber 8, 2023.
A. was heldB. will hldC. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】句意:第十九屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)將于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州舉行。
考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“frm September 23 t Octber 8, 2023.”可知,句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般將來時(shí),且主語“The 19th Asian Games”和謂語動(dòng)詞hld之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為:will be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。故選C。
5.(2023·吉林) —The envirnment f this twn is better nw.
—That’s because lts f trees ________ here many years ag.
A. are plantedB. were plantedC. will be planted
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的環(huán)境現(xiàn)在好多了?!鞘且?yàn)樵S多年前這里種了許多樹。
考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。本句主語是動(dòng)作的承受者,結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“many years ag”可知,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。
6.(2023·大連)The Qatar Wrld Cup ________ frm Nvember 21 t December 18 last year.
A. hldsB. heldC. was heldD. is held
【答案】C
【解析】句意:卡塔爾世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日舉行。
考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。本句主語“The Qatar Wrld Cup”是動(dòng)作“hld”的承受者,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選C。
7.(2023·山東濱州) —Can he get the first prize in the race?
—He ________ s, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impssible nw.
A. will expect t dB. is expected ding
C. has expected dingD. was expected t d
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——他能在比賽中獲得第一名嗎?——大家都希望他這樣,但他只是把腿弄傷了。現(xiàn)在不可能了。
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語He和expect之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài),結(jié)合“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impssible nw.”可知,期望的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),be expected t d sth“被期望做某事”,固定短語,故選D。
8.(2023·) Hu Yi ________ magic medicine fr shting dwn the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried t steal it.
A. givesB. has givenC. gaveD. was given
【答案】D
【解析】句意:后羿因射下了九個(gè)太陽而得到了神藥,然后逄蒙想偷走它。
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析句子可知,主語Hu Yi與謂語動(dòng)詞give是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,又根據(jù)“then Pang Meng tried t steal it”可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”,主語為第三人稱單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用was,故選D。
9. — What shuld we d first if we want t develp ur village?
— First f all, a new rad ______, I think.
A. must build B. has t build C. must be built D. has built
【答案】C
【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的承受著時(shí)要用被動(dòng)形式。這里a new rad是動(dòng)詞build的承受著。所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+PP.故答案選C
10. This English sng _________ by the girls after class.
A. ften sings B. ften sang C. is ften sang D. is ften sung
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞過去分詞,歌是被唱的,故選D。
11. Attentin, please! All the mbile phnes ____ during the meeting.
A. must be kept ff B. are keeping ff
C. kept ff D. have kept ff
【答案】A
【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的承受著時(shí)要用被動(dòng)形式。這里All the mbile phnes“所有手機(jī)”是動(dòng)詞keep ff(關(guān)機(jī))的承受著。所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+PP.故答案選A
12.Many f the stars ______ because they are far away frm us.
A. may nt see B. needn’t see
C. can nt be seen D. mustn’t be seen
【答案】C
【解析】這里考查含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。May 可能。needn’t不必。Can nt 不能,mustn’t 禁止。這里表示“能,會(huì)”所以選C。
13.— Lily, will yu g t Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday?
— I’m nt sure. Because I _______ s far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】這里考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。S far 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成:have (has)been + PP。故答案選C
14.—Oh, yur rm is t dirty, Mike!
—Srry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I frgt t d it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】句意:— —哦,你的房間太臟了,邁克! — —對不起,媽媽。昨天沒有打掃。我忘了做。A為一般過去時(shí),主動(dòng)語態(tài);B為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)句;C為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)句;D為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)句。根據(jù)yesterday.可知,本題的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),因此排除B;再根據(jù)I frgt t d it. 我忘了做。說明沒有打掃房間,因此排除C;句中的主語It是代指上文的yur rm,yur rm做主語,應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài),選項(xiàng)A為主動(dòng)語態(tài),排除,故選D。
15.﹣Excuse me,sir,smking _____ in the gas statin.
﹣Oh,I'm awfully srry.
A.desn't allwB.is allwed
C.a(chǎn)ren't allwedD.isn't allwed
【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù)前文是smking抽煙,動(dòng)名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),后文是in the gas statin在加油站,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),推測意思是加油站不允許抽煙,由于主語smking是動(dòng)作的承受者,故用被動(dòng)語態(tài),結(jié)合下文時(shí)態(tài)I'm awfully srry,即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的表示否定的被動(dòng)語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+nt+dne,故選D.
16.(2023·江蘇宿遷三模)—Ww! All the bread in this stre ________.
—Yes. The bread there always ________.
A.sells ut; tastes wellB.sells ut; is tasted gd
C.is sld ut; is tasted wellD.is sld ut; tastes gd
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——哇!這家商店里所有的面包都賣完了?!堑摹D抢锏拿姘兜揽偸呛芎?。
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)以及形容詞作表語。第一個(gè)句子的主語all the bread和謂語sell ut“賣光”之間是被動(dòng)語態(tài)be dne,排除AB;系動(dòng)詞taste后作表語用形容詞,排除C。故選D。
17.(2023·江蘇宿遷三模)—May I watch Running Man 3 this Friday evening, mm?
—Of curse, if yur hmewrk ________ by then.
A.will be finishedB.finishesC.will finish D.is finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——這個(gè)星期五晚上我可以看《奔跑吧兄弟3》嗎,媽媽?——當(dāng)然,如果那時(shí)你的作業(yè)完成了。
考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。hmewrk是finish這一動(dòng)作的承受者,該用被動(dòng)語態(tài),排除B、C;if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來,此處是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選D。
18.(2023·河北廊坊二模)The letter ________ in French. I can’t read it.
A.writeB.will writeC.is writtenD.will be written
【答案】C
【解析】句意:這封信是用法語寫的,我看不懂。
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語the letter與謂語動(dòng)詞write之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 用被動(dòng)語態(tài),即be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。由“can’t”可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語是第三人稱單數(shù),所以be動(dòng)詞是is,write的過去分詞是written。故選C。
19.(2023·山東菏澤二模)— Culd I ride an electric bicycle t schl, Mr. Wang?
— N, yu ________. Students under the age f 16 ________ t ride electric bicycles.
A.can’t;dn’t allwB.can’t;aren’t allwedC.culdn’t;shuldn’t allw
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——王老師,我可以騎電動(dòng)自行車上學(xué)嗎?——不,你不能。16歲以下的學(xué)生禁止騎電動(dòng)自行車。
考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。原文中的“Culd I … ?”并不表示過去時(shí)態(tài),而是表更委婉的請求和許可。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表達(dá)的是現(xiàn)在的許可,回答應(yīng)用can’t,C選項(xiàng)可排除。第二空主語“Students”和謂語“allw”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),故選B。
20.(2023·江蘇泰州二模)—Hw exciting! The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhu in September 2023.
—Yes, I can’t wait t watch the Games.
A.hldsB.is hldingC.was heldD.will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——太激動(dòng)人心了!第十九屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)將于2023年9月在杭州舉行。——是的,我等不及要去看亞運(yùn)會(huì)了。
考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)“in September 2023”可知句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí),主語The 19th Asian Games與動(dòng)詞hld存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為:will be+過去分詞。故選D。
二、 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空(綜合訓(xùn)練題,本題更能檢測學(xué)生語言運(yùn)用能力。)
1. The student ___________(clean) the classrm nw.
2. Light ____________(travel) much faster than sund.
3. Our teacher said that she _______________ (assign) mre hmewrk if we did bad in the exams.
4.I _______________ (see) a wnderful film last night.
5. The students ___________ (have) a medical examinatin next mnth.
6. Many stries ________________________ (write) by the writer last year.
7. Yesterday we _______________________ (play) ftball after schl.
8. A yung man ften _________________ (ask) me sme difficult questins.
9. A wnderful party _______________________ (give) t him next week.
10. Mther ___________________ (tell) me a stry every night.
11. Rice _____________________(plant) in China.
12. Tm ___________________(use) cmputer every Saturday.
13. Maths ____________________(teach) by Mr. Chen in ur class.
14. English ____________________(speak) all ver the wrld.
15. The film ____________________ (shw) last night.
16. We ________________(paint) the huse befre we mved in.
17.Befre I repaired my bike, my mther (buy) a new ne fr me.
18.Great changes _________ (take) place in ur cuntry during the past 20 years.
19. The bk written by M Yan _______(translate)in 2014.
20.Peple (build) The bridge ver the river three years ag.
21. I _____________ (see) the film three times.
22. His parents __________ (stay) in the cuntryside fr ver 50 days.
23. Sarah ______________ (brrw) five bks frm the library three days ag.
24. Sarah __________ (keep) the bks since three days ag.
25 David __________ (be) interested in music when he was yung.
26 David __________ (be) interested in music since he was yung.
27.These papers _________ (nt write) yet.
28.The wrk __________ (finish) in tw hurs.
29. The rm _________(lk) very clean, it ___________(clean).
30.By the time he was 26 years ld, he and his partners (build) a successful fashin cmpany.
31. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time
32. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) t the music yesterday.
33. She prmised t help him and _________ (give)him three glden apples.
34.A new rad _________(build) near my schl next year.
35. She and I _______ (take)a walk tgether every evening.
36.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)mre than ten bks since 2000.
37.The train _________(arrive) already. When _______ it ________(arrive)? I dn’t knw.
38.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went ut yesterday.
39. He wanted t knw if it ___________(rain) tmrrw. If it____________(rain) tmrrw, he ________(visit) his friends.
40.He __________(stay)here t study French in 2022. He _________(stay) here t study French since 2022.
【答案】1.is cleaning 2.travels 3.wuld assign 4.saw 5.will have 6.were written 7.played 8.asks
9.will be given 10.tells 11.is planted 12.uses 13.is taught 14.is spken 15.was shwed 16.had been 17.had gne 18.have taken place 19.was translated 20.built 21.have seen 22.have stayed 23.brrwed 24.has kept 25.was 26.has been 27.haven’t written 28.will be finished 29.lks has been cleaned 30.had built 31.were practicing 32.was reading was listening 33.gave 34.will be built 35.take 36.has written 37.has arrived did arrive 38.was raining 39.wuld rain rains will visit 40.stayed has stayed
三、完成句子
1. 為了進(jìn)一步美化校園,下個(gè)月會(huì)在學(xué)校種很多樹。
Next mnth many trees _________ __________ __________ in ur schl t make it mre beautiful.
【答案】will be planted
2. 在中國,到處都有人打羽毛球。
In China, badmintn ____________ ___________ everywhere.
【答案】is played
3. 下一周,格林先生將被邀請做一個(gè)有關(guān)語言學(xué)習(xí)的講座。
Mr. Green _________ __________ __________ t give a speech n language learning next week.
【答案】will be invited
4. 這種自行車是在上海生產(chǎn)的。
This kind f bike _____________ ___________ in Shanghai.
【答案】is prduced/made
5. 所有的信件都必須放在這個(gè)綠色紙箱內(nèi)。
All the letters ___________ __________ ___________ in this green paper bx.
【答案】must be put
6. Lk! The lights __________ __________ ____________ ____________.
【答案】are being turned ff
7. 你的臥室必須馬上打掃干凈。
Yur bedrm _______ ______ ________ right nw.
【答案】must be cleaned
8. 這項(xiàng)工作可以下周完成。
The wrk _______ _______ _________ next week.
【答案】may be finished
9.禁止帶寵物入內(nèi)。
Pets _______ _________ __________ int the building.
【答案】mustn’t be taken
10已經(jīng)買了好多水果和零食。
A lt f fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
【答案】have been bught
一 、一般現(xiàn)在
定義
(常涉及現(xiàn)在)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);還可用來描述真理
謂語構(gòu)成
am/is/are;d/des
時(shí)間狀語
always, usually, ften, smetimes, seldm, hardly, never,every year,nce a day,twice a week,three times a mnth,n Sundays等
舉例
Jacb is/isn’t a sailr. 雅各布是/不是一個(gè)海員。
She sings/desn’t sing well. 她唱得好/不好。
二、一般過去時(shí)
定義
(常涉及過去)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);也表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
謂語構(gòu)成
was/were; did; culd; wuld…
時(shí)間狀語
yesterday, last night, in 1990, tw days ag, ften, always等
舉例
Mike was/wasn’t silent.邁克是/不是不愛說話。
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
定義
(常涉及現(xiàn)在某一時(shí)刻)表示(說話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;也可表示現(xiàn)階段一直或反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作
謂語構(gòu)成
is/am/are ding
時(shí)間狀語
nw,at the mment,lk,listen,these days,at present,frm tw t five等
舉例
I am/am nt standing n the Grand Canyn nw. 我正/沒有站在大峽谷上。
Lk! He is playing ftball.看!他正在踢足球。
四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
定義
(常涉及過去某一時(shí)刻)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去某時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作
謂語構(gòu)成
was/were ding
時(shí)間狀語
at nine last night, at that time=then, at this time yesterday, this mrning, the whle mrning, all day yesterday,when/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句等
舉例
I was/was nt lking at Victria Falls at this time yesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候我正/沒有看到維多利亞瀑布。
He brke his arm when/while he was riding the mtrbike.他騎摩托車的時(shí)候折斷了胳膊。
五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
定義
(涉及過去、現(xiàn)在、有可能到將來)表示始于過去、持續(xù)至今的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),并可能繼續(xù)下去;也可以表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的某個(gè)動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果
謂語構(gòu)成
have/has dne
時(shí)間狀語
fr(+時(shí)段),since(+表過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)),already, yet, just, befre, recently, still, lately, these years, just, up t nw, s far, in/ver/during the last/past few mnths等
舉例
She has/hasn’t lived here fr five years.她住/沒住這兒五年了。
Have yu seen it yet?你還沒看見嗎?
—Wuld yu like t have dinner with me?你愿意和我們一起共進(jìn)晚餐嗎?
—Thanks, but I’ve had it already.謝謝,我已經(jīng)吃過晚飯了。
Angel has been dead fr 2 days. 安杰爾死了兩天了。
六、一般將來時(shí)
定義
(涉及將來) 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事
謂語構(gòu)成
will/shall d; is/am/are ging t d; am/is/are ding
時(shí)間狀語
tmrrw, sn,next year/week/mnth,in a few days,in the future,smetime,含有when或if的復(fù)合句等
舉例
We’re ging t meet utside the schl gate sn.
我們不久將在學(xué)校門口會(huì)合。
They wn’t have a meeting tmrrw. 他們明天沒有會(huì)議。
There are ging t be tw parties this Saturday. = There will be tw parties this Saturday.
這個(gè)星期六將有兩個(gè)派對。
七、去完成時(shí)
定義
一件事情發(fā)生在過去,而另外一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表示“過去的過去”),那么發(fā)生在先的事情的動(dòng)詞須用過去完成時(shí)。這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間可用befre等介詞短語構(gòu)成一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示,也可以通過上下文給出暗示。
謂語構(gòu)成
“had +過去分詞”
時(shí)間狀語
by then,by that time,by the end f,befre 2012,by the time等。
用在tld,said,knew,heard,thught等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。也可用在狀語從句中
此時(shí),在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后用一般過
去時(shí)。
舉例
By then he had learned English fr fur years.
到那時(shí),他已學(xué)習(xí)英語四年了。
She said (that) she had never been t Paris.
她說她從來沒去過巴黎。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
一般過去時(shí)
時(shí)態(tài)范疇
現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響
過去時(shí)態(tài),過去動(dòng)作,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)
例句
Li Lei has read the bk.
(說明李雷了解那本書的內(nèi)容)
Yesterday l went t the z.
(僅說明昨天去了動(dòng)物園,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān))
時(shí)間狀語
already,yet,still,just,s far,in the last( past),befre,ever,never,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),fr+時(shí)間段
ag,yesterday,last,in 2000,just nw
例句
Have yu ever picked flwers in a park?
你們曾在公園里摘過花嗎?
Father bught that watch ten years ag. 爸爸十年前買了那塊手表。
時(shí)態(tài)
主動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
d / des
am / is / are dne
一般過去時(shí)
did
was / were dne
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
am / is / are ding
am / is / are being dne
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
was / were ding
was / were being dne
一般將來時(shí)
will / shall d
will / shall be dne
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
has / have dne
has / have been dne
過去完成時(shí)
had dne
had been dne
過去將來時(shí)
shuld / wuld d
shuld / wuld be dne

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