高中英語人教版 (2019)選擇性必修第二冊Unit 1 Science and Scientists圖片課件ppt-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

1. severe adj.極為惡劣的;嚴厲的;苛刻的
be severe n/with 對……嚴厲 be severe with neself 嚴于律己 severely adv. 很嚴重地; 極為惡劣地
eg. His injuries are severe. severe weather cnditins The curts are becming mre severe n yung ffenders. She was a severe wman wh seldm smiled.
2. cntradictry adj.互相矛盾的；互相對立的
be cntradictry t… 與……矛盾、相反 eg. His remark was cntradictry t the truth. cntradict v. 反駁; 與……相矛盾 cntradictin n. 抵觸; 矛盾; 矛盾的說法
3. infect v. 傳染; 使感染, 使感染(某種感情); 影響
be infected with 感染上……, 傳染上…… infectin n. 感染; 傳染 infectius adj. 傳染性的
1. Peple with the virus may feel perfectly well, but they can still infect thers.2. Lucy’s enthusiasm sn infected the rest f the class.
4. subscribe v.定期訂購，定期繳納(會費) ; 定期捐款贊助
subscribe t 同意, 贊成 e.g. I have never subscribed t the view that schldays are the happiest days f yur life. subscriber? n.?訂閱人；定期捐款者；消費者 subscriptin? n.?訂閱；訂閱費；定期捐款
Each emplyee may subscribe fr up t￡2,000 wrth f shares. Yu can subscribe t the magazine fr as little as $32 a year. She subscribes t an envirnmental actin grup.
5. suspect v. 疑有, 懷疑 n.嫌疑犯; 嫌疑分子; 可疑對象
suspect sth. suspect sb. f ding sth. suspect sb. t d sth. suspect + that從句
1. I have n reasn t suspect her hnesty. 2. Pilcher is suspected f giving false infrmatin. 3. Wh will suspect him t have brken the windw? 4. I began t suspect that they were trying t get rid f me. 5. He is the prime suspect in the case.
6. blame v.責備; 指責; 把……歸咎于n.責任; 責備; 指責
4. The plice laid / put the blame fr the accident n the driver.5. The cmpany is ready t bear / take / accept / get the blame fr what has happened.
1. Marie still blames herself fr Patrick's death.2. Yu can't blame all yur prblems n yur family.3. Officials believe that mre than ne persn may be t blame fr the fire.
7.handle n.把手, 柄 v.處理, 應(yīng)付(局勢、人、工作或感情) 觸, 拿, 搬動控制, 操縱(車輛、動物、工具等)
turn the handle the handle f a knifeget / have a handle n 弄懂，理解，搞明白
1. She's very gd at handling her patients.2. The label n the bx said: ‘Fragile. Handle with care.’3. I wasn't sure if I culd handle such a pwerful car.4. It’s difficult t get / have a handle n hw widespread this prblem is.
8. link n.聯(lián)系; 關(guān)系; 紐帶 v. 把……連接起來, 聯(lián)系; 相關(guān)聯(lián)
1. We first cut the link between the tw cities. 2. Is there a link between smking and the disease? 3. This cmpany has strng trade links with Justin’s cmpany. 4. The new bridge will link the island t the mainland. 5. I have heard his name linked with that f a well-knwn persn.
9. decrease v.(使)變小, (使)減少 n.減少; 減少的量
decrease (frm…) t… 減少到……decrease by … 減少了……(表示減少的量)decease in … 在……方面減少a decrease in… ……的減少n the decrease 在減少
1. Average huse prices decreased by 13% last year.2. This species f bird is decreasing in numbers every year.
thanks t, wing t, due t, because f
10. transfrm v.使改觀, 使變形, 使轉(zhuǎn)化
transfrm … (frm…) int … 把……變成…… transfrm … with … 用……來改變……
transfrmatin? n.? 改變、轉(zhuǎn)化(不可數(shù)); 具體變化(可數(shù))transfrmable? adj.?可變形的；可變化的transfrmer? n.? 促使改變的人或物；變壓器
1. This equipment can transfrm light int energy. 2. We can transfrm the wrld with ur knwledge.
11. cast vt.投射;向……投以(視線、笑容等);投擲
cast light n 使……清楚;使人了解cast dubt n 質(zhì)疑;引起對……的懷疑cast a shadw ver 給……投下陰影
cast a shadw n the wall He cast a lk at the wman.
1. Again she?cast?a lk tward the windw.2. The play is being cast in bth the US and Britain. 3. The site where Zhang Xianzhng cast lumps（塊）f pure silver is being dug. 4. T qualify, candidates must get at least 10% f the vtes cast.
12. shadw n.[C] 影子；陰影；壞影響： [U]［也可用復(fù)數(shù)］背光處；陰暗處：
shadw playeg. Her father’s illness cast a shadw ver / n the wedding celebratins.
Smetimes she sits alne in the shadw(s).
shade vs shadw
? shade指陽光照不到的地方，如樹下或墻邊的陰涼處，一般沒有具體的輪廓。 Let’s sit in the shade f the tree fr a while. ? shadw指某物遮住陽光或其他光源后形成的影子，可以引申為“不良的兆頭或陰影”，也可指黑暗的地方。 My friend jumped ut f the shadws and tapped n my shulders.
1. The children were having fun, chasing each ther’s?shadws. 2. He didn’t want t cast a shadw n their happiness 3. I thught I saw a figure standing in the shadws. 4. Kate grew up in the shadw f her film star sister.
pur v Please pur me anther cup f tea.She pured sme milk int a glass.Tears f happiness pured dwn Susan’s cheeks. Black smke pured frm the back f my car.Peple pured int the square frm all parts f the city.Letters and pstcards pured in every day. It never rains but it purs.
vi（水等）不斷流出；（煙等）被吐出：
vi 不斷涌向 / 涌現(xiàn) (fld)：
vi（雨）傾盆而下：
13. break ut (戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不快的事情)突然開始;爆發(fā)
【詞匯拓展】break dwn出故障;失敗;垮掉;分解break in破門而入;打斷(談話等)break int強行闖入;突然……起來break away frm脫離;掙脫break up打碎;分裂;解體break thrugh突破They were discussing smething imprtant when a man brke in.Scientists hpe t break thrugh sn in their fight against heart disease.
14. defend vt.保衛(wèi);防御
【詞匯拓展】(1)保護…免受;防御defend neself為自己辯護;自衛(wèi)(2)defence n.防御;保衛(wèi)in defence f為了保衛(wèi);為……辯護1. Gd defends me frm my friends;frm my enemy I can defend myself.2. Students shuld be trained t defend themselves against/frm sme attacks.
defend, guard, prtect 辨析
① 三者都含有“保護”之意。
defend 指“保衛(wèi)”“防御”，指抵御或擊退外來的攻擊。When the dg attacked me, I defended myself with a stick. guard 指“守護”“看守”，指保持警惕或注意來防止危險發(fā)生。The dg was guarding its wner’s luggage.prtect 語義范圍廣，指“保護”，以免遭受危險、傷害等。We’re ding whatever we can t prtect ur envirnment frm pllutin.
② 在體育運動中，defend 和 guard 均指“防守”。
15. in charge f 主管;掌管
【詞匯拓展】(1)take charge f掌管/負責……in the charge f受……的管理;由……負責(2)free f charge=fr free 免費(3)charge sb fr sth為某物向某人收取費用charge sb with (ding) sth控告某人(做)某事Dr.Smith is assigned t take charge f the department.Will yu please tell me whether yu charge fr cheques?【溫馨提示】in charge f多以人作主語,指“某人負責/主管某事”;in the charge f 多以物作主語,指“某物由某人掌管”。類似的還有:in pssessin f,in the pssessin f;in cntrl f,in the cntrl f。
16. gifted adj.有天賦的;有天才的;天資聰慧的
1. He is ne f the mst gifted players in the wrld.2. Brwn was witty,amusing and gifted with a sharp business brain.【詞匯拓展】gift n.禮物;天賦have a gift fr有……的天賦eg. Many f them have a gift fr dancing with animals.
17. cme dwn with患(病);染上(小病)
【詞匯拓展】cme acrss偶然遇到cme abut發(fā)生cme t恢復(fù)常態(tài);共計;達到(某種狀況)cme up with提出(主語是人)cme up提出(主語是建議等)I came acrss my frmer English teacher in the street yesterday.The headmaster wants t knw hw the accident came abut.
18. abve all 最重要的是;尤其
【詞匯拓展】after all畢竟;終究all in all整體說來;總而言之in all全部;合計at all (否定句)一點也不;(疑問句)到底;究竟1. Hw many students are there in yur schl in all?2. He is nt cncerned with the difficulties f the factry at all.3. He is hardwrking,cheerful,and abve all hnest.4. Old Mr Smith was belved by all,and abve all by the children.
19. fault n.[U]責任；過失；過錯 [C] 缺點；缺陷；故障
find fault (with) 找茬兒；抱怨；挑剔：
? faultless adj 無錯誤的；完美無缺的 (perfect)? faulty adj 有錯誤的；有缺陷的
不要糾纏于誰對誰錯，重要的是要找到解決的辦法。 ——亨利?福特
1. I’m really srry — it’s all my wn fault. 2. It’s his fault that we were late.3. Everybdy has his faults. 4. The sweater had a fault in it and I had t take it back.
1. He has many faults, but dishnesty isn’t ne f them. 2. There is a fault in the electrical system. 3. She believes it was the dctr’s fault that the patient died.
fault, errr, mistake 辨析
fault 指對“過失、過錯”應(yīng)負的責任，強調(diào)“過”。? It’s my fault that we missed the bus. mistake 在日常英語中用得最為廣泛，指用詞或數(shù)字上的錯誤、口誤、筆誤，也可指決定錯誤，強調(diào)“誤”。? I’m nt blaming yu — we all make mistakes. ? I picked up yur bag by mistake. errr 與 mistake 意義相近，但較為正式。? There must be an errr in ur calculatins. ? The letter was sent t yu in errr.
1. Within fur hurs f my first shift, I had angry custmers wh cmplained hw slw I was.2. The 21st century has been seeing a gradual shift f peple frm the cuntry t the twn.3. Yu must press the shift key befre entering each letter. 4. Smene has shifted my bicycle and I can’t find it.5. Nwadays the pririty fr travelling is shifted frm shpping t fd and scenery.6. Public attitudes twards the Internet have shifted ver the past 50 years.

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