1．（1.5分） What will the man prbably give the wman next？
A.A new frk.
B.Extra steak sauce.
C.A different knife.
2．（1.5分） What is the man ging t d next week？
A.Repair his laptp.
B.Attend a business meeting.
C.G shpping in the city center.
3．（1.5分） When will the speakers meet？
A.At 11：00 a.m.
B.At 9：00 a.m.
C.At 1：00 p.m.
4．（1.5分） What can the speakers definitely agree n？
A.What they want t cat.
B.When they need t g t sleep.
C.Which mvie they will watch.
5．（1.5分） What is the man prbably playing？
A.Ftball.
B.Glf.
C.Tennis.
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
6．（3分）（1）Hw will the wman give the lucky mney t William？
A.By WeChat Pay.
B.By bank transfer.
C.In cash.
（2）What will William prbably d during the hliday？
A.Attend classes.
B.Jin his family fr dinner.
C.Travel t his grandparents' huse.
7．（3分）（1）What's the prbable relatinship between the speakers？
A.Teacher and student.
B.Classmates.
C.C﹣wrkers.
（2）Which type f bk des the wman prbably mst prefer？
A.Classic American nvels.
B.Fantasy.
C.Sprt bks.
8．（4.5分）（1）When did the speakers last see each ther？
A.During middle schl.
B.During high schl.
C.During cllege.
（2）Wh did the man see at the grcery stre？
A.A current principal.
B.A frmer teacher.
C.An ld classmate.
（3）Hw did the wman feel abut their ld gym class？
A.Frightened.
B.Interested.
C.Amazed.
9．（6分）（1）Where are the speakers？
A.In the wds.
B.At their hme.
C.In the classrm.
（2）What is the wman lking fr？
A.Rubbish.
B.Mushrms.
C.Bamb grass.
（3）What des the wman want t d with what she finds？
A.Take pictures.
B.Ck a meal.
C.D a drawing.
（4）What is the main tpic f the cnversatin？
A.Several pictures.
B.A schl prject.
C.Sme plants.
10．（6分）（1）Which TV shw is Vila mstly knwn fr？
A.Central Falls.
B.Everybdy's Ruby.
C.Hw t Get Away with Murder.
（2）When did Vila receive her first majr award？
A.In 1993.
B.In 1999.
C.In 2001.
（3）Which film did Vila win an Academy Award fr？
A.Fences.
B.Dubt.
C.The Help.
（4）What have Vila and her husband dne recently？
A.They have run their wn firm.
B.They have acted tgether in a mvie.
C.They have shwed up in a ceremny.
閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）
11．（7.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
While attractins like the Shard and the Lndn Eye ffer excellent perspectives，they're always busy and ticket prices are steep.But with a little insider knwledge，yu can save yur punds and bag yur skyline phts withut the crwds thrugh accessing the fllwing viewpints.
Parliament Hill
Lndn is mstly flat，but if yu knw where t lk there are a few hills that prvide natural （and free） high pints ffering city views with a side rder f fresh air.
One f the mst central is Parliament Hill n Hampstead Heath ﹣ at 98 m，ne f Lndn's highest natural viewpints.Frm here，n a clear day，yu can sit n the park bench that featured in mvies like Run Fatby Run and Ntes n a Scandal.
Entry fee：free
The Garden Museum Twer
If yu exit left ut f Westminster statin，battle yur way ver the bridge and then turn right，past the view f Big Ben and walk alng the suth side f the Thames，yu'll cme t a medieval （中世紀(jì)的） church.
While yu might be interested in British garden design，it's the 14th﹣Century twer that's the main attractin fr phtgraphers.Climb the 131 steps f the narrw spiral staircase and yu'll emerge nt ne f the finest riverside viewpints in the city ﹣ with views acrss t the Palace f Westminster n the right.
Entry fee：Adult f16，r Twer nly 4
The IFS Clud Cable Car
If yu want t sar ver Lndn in a glass pd，the bvius place t g is the Lndn Eye.But a cheaper and crwd﹣free alternative is t ride the IFS Clud Cable Car.
The views are impressive at any time，but the Cable Car stays pen late，s yu can even enjy magnificent sunsets frm the west﹣facing side r admire the twinkling city lights after dark.
Entry fee：E6 ne﹣way
Seabird，Suthwark
Lndn has n shrtage f rftp venues （場所） ffering knckut cityscape views，s it can be hard t pick just ne r tw.But fr lcatin，angles and a great experience，it desn't get much better than Seabird，n the 14th flr f the Hxtn htel in Suthwark with nthing t blck views n three sides.
Entry fee：Buy a drink：draught beer csts￡6.50 r small glass f wine is￡9；a prtin f lives csts ￡5.
（1）Where can yu g if yu want t phtgraph the 14th﹣Century twer？
A.The Lndn Eye.
B.The suth side f the Thames.
C.The rftp venues.
D.A place near St Paul's Cathedral.
（2）In which viewpint can yu just buy a drink and enjy free city views？
A.Parliament Hill.
B.The Garden Museum Twer.
C.The IFS Clud Cable Car.
D.Seabird，Suthwark.
（3）What d the 4 viewpints have in cmmn？
A.They are free.
B.They are well﹣knwn.
C.They are nt crwded.
D.They are nt cheap.
12．（10分） Smetimes，the kids in Stephanie Williams's kindergarten class need a little extra mtivatin.While sme students prefer material rewards fr gd behavir，all Kamern Eisenberg wanted was t be the first ne n the bus.That way，he'd be able t spend a little extra time with the schl bus driver Charles Friersn.In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day
"I always ask the kids， 'What d yu want t wrk fr tday？' And Kamern said， 'I want t wrk t see the bus，'" Stephanie said. "Just being the first ne n the bus and talking t Mr.Charles des nt seem like a lt，but t him it's the wrld."
At the beginning f the schl year，Kamern was having sme difficulties in class.His behavir gt him sent t the administratr's ffice almst every day.Hwever，getting t hang ut with Mr.Charles turned ut t be a strng mtivatr fr the kindergartner t fllw directins.After checking in with his teacher，the bus driver wuld smetimes even talk t him abut any prblems he was having in schl.
Stephanie saw a huge change in Kamern's attitude nce the by started talking t Mr.Charles every day.S did Kamern's mm.Eventually，she decided t write a letter t the driver.As Charles read the nte n camera，he started t tear up
"I have always believed angels cme when yu least expect them." She wrte， "This hlds especially true in regards t Mr.Charles.I wuld like him t knw hw much we abslutely lve him fr wh he is and what he has dne fr my sn."
Accrding t Schl Transprtatins News.Charles and Kamern ften get ice cream tgether nw that schl is ut fr the summer.The bus driver als cheers him n at his weekend baseball games.
（1）What can be inferred frm the first tw paragraphs？
A.Kamern was tired f Stephanie's lessns.
B.Kamern liked t cmpete fr the first place.
C.Kamern made friends with Mr.Charles.
D.All kids in the kindergarten preferred material rewards.
（2）What happened t Kamern at the beginning f the schl year？
A.He behaved badly in schl.
B.He was t be dismissed frm schl.
C.He had a pr sense f directin.
D.He was affected mre by the administratr.
（3）Why did Kamern's mm write t Mr.Charles？
A.T shw her gratitude t him.
B.T change Kamern's attitude.
C.T express a mther's enthusiasm.
D.T get the schl bus driver mved.
（4）Which wrds can best describe Mr.Charles？
A.Patient and cautius.
B.Caring and psitive.
C.Hnest and determined.
D.Ambitius and sensitive.
13．（10分） Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem.Mst are thrwn int landfills r piled up in strage Energy recvery is anther cmmn methd.This invlves burning tyres t generate electricity r heat fr industries，but that prduces planet warming pllutin；r we use them t repair rads，but chemicals frm them might pllute the grund.
Sme firms，therefre，have begun explring an alternative.One such firm is Wastefrnt，which wns a big tyre﹣recycling plant in nrth﹣east England.In a cuple f years，it will be able t turn 8 millin ld tyres int new prducts，including a black liquid called TDO （輪胎衍生油）.
The prcess wrks by decnstructing a tyre int steel，rubber，and carbn black （炭黑）.After tearing dwn the steel，the remaining material is expsed t high temperatures in the absence f air t make the rubber change int a mix f hydrcarbn gases，and then they're remved.What is left behind is pure carbn black.Once the remved gases cl dwn，a part f them liquefies int TDO.The remaining gases are t be burned t fuel the prcess.This creates a clsed﹣cycle system that prevents emissins （排放）.
The carbn black can be reused t make new tyres.That is f interest t tyre﹣makers because it helps effrts t becme carbn neutral﹣achieving a balance between the amunts f carbn dixide prduced and the carbn dixide remved frm the atmsphere.Prducing new carbn black requires burning heavy il r cal，which lets ff plenty f greenhuse gases.
The recvered TDO is well﹣suited fr making diesel （柴油）.While nt cmpletely carbn﹣neutral， it des prduce an 80﹣90% reductin in emissins f carbn dixide，cmpared with the cnventinal fuel.The future market fr such cleaner fuels will remain large，even thugh electric vehicles are n the rise.Fssil﹣fuelled vehicles will exist fr decades，particularly the big burners f diesel﹣trucks，which are harder t electrify.The fuel is als needed by trains and ships.S，anything that helps clean up verall emissins is useful—especially if it als eases a muntainus waste prblem.
（1）What's the purpse f the first paragraph？
A.T analyze causes.
B.T present prblems.
C.T reach slutins.
D.T make cmparisns.
（2）What can be inferred abut the tyre﹣recycling prcess？
A.Air bsts the burning f the ld tyres.
B.The remaining gases are emitted int the air.
C.Pure carbn black is an unprcessed substance.
D.TDO cmes frm the remved hydrcarbn gases.
（3）What des the underlined wrd "it" in the last paragraph refer t？
A.Diesel made frm TDO.
B.Clean electric energy.
C.Carbn﹣neutral prcess.
D.Recvered TDO frm ld tyres.
（4）Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the passage？
A.The Prblems f Burning Old Tyres.
B.The Black Liquid Called TDO.
C.The System Preventing Emissins.
D.The Alternative t Tyre﹣recycling.
14．（10分） Since we are vulnerable （脆弱的） when we sleep，sleep must play a critical rle，r evlutin wuldn't have selected fr it.Early humans had t hunt，gather fd and prtect themselves.Thse activities cnsumed much time，s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses，thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage.Yet sleeping fr lng hurs f the night was kept fr years，but scientists had nly general ideas abut what happened during sleep.Recently，Dr.Chiara Chiarelli，a neurscientist，shared what sleep neurscience research has discvered.
Neural （神經(jīng)的） netwrks in the brain are cnnected thrugh synapses （神經(jīng)突觸） which allw signals t flw thrughut the brain and nt cells.During waking hurs，new learning can strengthen the cnnectins.Yu can think f knwledge acquired ver a lng time as a grup f well﹣cnnected neural paths.When yu learn smething new，new paths are cnnected t the ld.During the waking hurs，yur brain prcesses massive amunts f new insignificant infrmatin，say remembering where yu parked yur car.But that memry has t be preserved at least until yu reach the car.It establishes a new cnnectin t yur memry f what yur car lks like，a well﹣established "ld" memry.The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened.
Dr.Cirelli explained that during sleep，a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day.Cntinuing with the parked car example，the exact lcatin f the parked car is nt needed again，s the cnnectins are weakened.In fact，if it were nt，yu might memrize hundreds f places where yu have parked，leading t cnsiderable cnfusin!
Yu dn't have t be a scientist t understand that nt sleeping well affects next day functining — this is cmmn cultural 's research is an example f science shwing the "why" and "hw" mechanisms that underlie that wisdm.
（1）What des the example f early humans shw？
A.Sleep wasn't as imprtant as it is tday.
B.Our ancestrs had a hard time surviving.
C.Sleep is significant in the histry f humans.
D.Whever sleeps less enjys mre advantages.
（2）What message des the authr seem t cnvey in paragraph 2？
A.Our memry can be kept ver a lng perid f time.
B.Our brain can be verladed with synaptic cnnectins.
C.Our brain's neural netwrk is cnnected thrugh synapses.
D.Our new learning is based n well﹣established ld memries.
（3）What has Dr.Cirelli's research discvered？
A.Sleep relieves synaptic burden.
B.Sleep carries cultural wisdm.
C.Sleep bradens neural paths.
D.Sleep stimulates brain develpment.
（4）What's the authr's attitude t Dr.Cirelli's research？
A.Dubtful
B.Unclear
C.Dismissive （鄙視的）
D.Apprving
15．（12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Dispse f Yur Credit Card Withut Burying It
Dispsing f unwanted items in ur lives ften means simply thrwing them int the garbage r recycling bin — r，if they're still useful，giving them away.It's different with ld credit cards，which shuld be destryed s nbdy can use them fraudulently （欺詐地）. （1） Here's hw t get rid f an ld card.
First，cntact the issuer
If clsing the accunt is yur gal，yu'll have t call the number n the back f yur card and ask t d s.If yur card is a rewards card，remember t first redeem pints r cash back.Change any autmatic payments t a different card，and be sure t pay the final card bill.
Cut up plastic cards
Sharp scissrs and smart trimming will d the jb here. "We recmmend that cnsumers cut thrugh the EMV chip，then further cut the card a few times alng the shrt side，and dispse f the sectins in mre than ne trash bag，" says Sarah Gran，a spkeswman fr the American Bankers Assciatin. （2）
Send back metal cards
（3） Cntact yur issuer.Typically，yu can mail it back fr dispsal. "Fr example，when American Express sends a replacement card，it als sends an addressed return envelpe t mail back an ld metal card fr destructin，" says Heather Nrtn，spkeswman fr American Express.
Check back n yur accunt
Dn't bsess abut identity theft f an ld credit card.Yu generally wn't be respnsible fr fraudulent charges anyway. （4） It's a gd idea t check yur accunt statement t make sure there's been n fraud.
Clsing an accunt can hurt yu
Clsing a credit card accunt can lwer yur credit rating.That's because credit scres cnsider yur "credit utilizatin rati'"，r hw much f yur available credit yu're using.And when yu clse an accunt，yu have less available credit. （5） Clsing an ld card decreases the average age f yur accunts.
語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
16．（15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Life skills r scial skills are seldm priritized （優(yōu)先考慮） in mst schls.Hwever，a （1） schl teacher in Canada，Jennifer Thiessen，thinks （2） and ensures her students are well﹣equipped fr life.Accrding t her， （3） these skills was as imprtant as students knwing hw t multiply and divide.
Thiessen discussed her （4） with a fellw teacher，Kyla Stradling，and they came up with a plan.They gave their students a prject （5） t spreading gdwill.They called it the "Kindness Prject".
Thiessen tld her third﹣grade students in 2018， "If we culd be that spark f kindness，we culd （6） thers t d acts f kindness." And the students did （7） .They made cupcakes at hme and sld them fr ＄1.They made abut ＄400 and then used it t buy small （8） like flwers and dg treats.They then gave it ut t （9） near the schl.
After this experience，Thiessen made it an annual activity fr third﹣graders at the schl. "This prject isn't abut wh can （10） well academically，" she said. "This is an everybdy prject.It desn't have any （11） when it cmes t ability."
The schl has carried ut the Kindness Prject fr the last five years.Due t the prject's success，the schl （12） five classes，three third﹣graders and secnd furth﹣graders.This year，the 100 students were divided int many grups and （13） different tasks.On March 15，sme were at cffee shps helping peple buy beverages，while thers waited at a lcal park t （14） dg treats and flwers.
Besides beginning a chain f kindness，the teacher wants t shw students what they're （15） f.
17．（15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
On August 24，Japan started releasing wastewater frm its Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Pwer Plant （福島第一核電站） int the Pacific Ocean.This has caused anger and fear acrss the wrld.
In March 2011，Japan experienced the strngest earthquake in its （1） （recrd） histry.The earthquake caused a tsunami （海嘯）， （2） greatly damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant.Ever since then，the plant has been prducing a large amunt f radiactive wastewater.S far，it （3） （cllect） mre than 1.3 millin tns f it.The first rund f release will last 17 days.The whle prcess will take abut 30 years.
The plant was perated by TEPCO （東京電力公司）.Accrding t the cmpany，the wastewater is diluted （稀釋） befre （4） （it） release.Hwever，there's still a prblem.Sme f the mst dangerus substances are very likely （5） （remain） in it.
"They'll pllute the cean，the animals within it，and （6） （final），the earth，" said Tack Fujimura，an fficial at Japan's Zen﹣Nh （日本農(nóng)業(yè)合作社聯(lián)合會）.
On the same day，China annunced （7） immediate ban n all seafd prducts frm Japan.This （8） （decide） was made t "prtect the lives and health f the peple." In a statement，the cuntry's Freign Ministry （外交部） called Japan's mve "（9） （self） and irrespnsible."
China was the biggest buyer f Japanese seafd.Mre than 255，000 users tk a pll （民意調(diào)查） n Weib.Up t 97% f them said that they wuld n lnger eat seafd frm Japan. "We're n the same planet，" said ne f them. "Nbdy can be free frm harm.It's just a matter （10） time."
寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
18．（15分）假設(shè)Williams教授寫信邀請你給留學(xué)生做一個關(guān)于中國文化的演講。請你寫信回復(fù)，信件內(nèi)容包括：
①接受邀請；
②介紹演講主題和要點。
注意：
（1）詞數(shù)80左右；
（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
（3）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Prfessr Williams，
I am hnred t give a presentatin abut Chinese culture t internatinal students at yur invitatin.
_______
Sincerely yurs，
Li Hua
19．（25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Everyne has a her — smene he admires，wh has had an impact n his life.My brther，Jhn，is my her.He is the mst sympathetic，sweet and funny persn I have ever met.Jhn is als mentally handicapped （智障的） and has a develpmental disability knwn as autism （自閉癥）.
I used t be ashamed f Jhn when I was little.When he first started talking，he had a hard time with prnunciatin and understanding the meaning f wrds.He called me May﹣Me fr mst f my childhd because he culd nt prnunce Amy.As Jhn grew lder，his language ability gradually increased.I went frm May﹣Me t Amy，and hammer burgers became hamburgers.
When I was yunger，I was embarrassed by Jhn.He used t run arund in stres talking t himself，flicking his ears and putting his hands in his muth.He had a hard time swallwing and wuld have drl （流口水） running dwn his face.Jhn was very lud，and it seemed t me that he wuld always find the quietest mments t talk.
All I ever wanted was a nrmal brther.I wuld lk at ther brthers and sisters，see their relatinships and turn green with envy.Why did my brther have t be s different？I was very self﹣cnscius f what peple thught.I felt as if the entire wrld was laughing at me because f the way Jhn was acting.I was utterly ffended at times that I culd nt have a nrmal brther.
The siblings f an autistic child can have many reactins t the amunt f attentin the autistic child receives.Sme feel as if they are nt receiving enugh attentin and may becme superachievers t get their share.I hate t admit it，but I definitely fall int this categry.I feel the need t excel （突出） in everything I d.I cannt help but think that this cmes frm having a disabled brther.
Jhn has changed significantly ver the past eighteen years.______
As I grw lder，I'm n lnger ashamed f my brther；instead，I am ashamed that I used t be.______
2023-2024學(xué)年重慶市梁平區(qū)高三（上）第一次調(diào)研英語試卷
參考答案與試題解析
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
1．【解答】C
2．【解答】B
3．【解答】A
4．【解答】A
5．【解答】C
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
6．【解答】BA
7．【解答】CB
8．【解答】CBB
9．【解答】ABCC
10．【解答】CBAA
閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）
11．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Garden Museum Twer部分If yu exit left ut f Westminster statin，battle yur way ver the bridge and then turn right，past the view f Big Ben and walk alng the suth side f the Thames，yu'll cme t a medieval （中世紀(jì)的） church.（如果你從威斯敏斯特車站左邊出口，艱難地穿過橋，然后向右拐，經(jīng)過大本鐘，沿著泰晤士河南岸走，你就會來到一座中世紀(jì)的教堂。）以及While yu might be interested in British garden design，it's the 14th﹣Century twer that's the main attractin fr phtgraphers.（雖然你可能對英國花園設(shè)計感興趣，但對攝影師來說，這座14世紀(jì)的塔樓才是最吸引人的地方。）可知如果你想拍攝這座14世紀(jì)的塔樓，你可以去泰晤士河的南岸。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Seabird，Suthwark部分（參賽費(fèi)用：買飲料：生啤酒6.5英鎊，小杯葡萄酒9英鎊，一份橄欖5英鎊。）可知在Seabird，Suthwark買杯飲料就可以免費(fèi)欣賞城市風(fēng)景。故選D。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段But with a little insider knwledge，yu can save yur punds and bag yur skyline phts withut the crwds thrugh accessing the fllwing viewpints.（但只要掌握一些內(nèi)幕知識，你就可以在沒有人群的情況下，通過以下觀點來減肥和打包你的天際線照片。）可知這四種觀點的共同點是它們不擁擠。故選C。
12．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段提到While sme students prefer material rewards fr gd behavir，all Kamern Eisenberg wanted was t be the first ne n the bus.That way，he'd be able t spend a little extra time with the schl bus driver Charles Friersn.In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day. （雖然有些學(xué)生更喜歡對良好行為的物質(zhì)獎勵，但Kamern Eisenberg 只想成為第一個上車的人。這樣，他就能多花點時間和校車司機(jī)Charles Friersn在一起了。在每天下午他們共處的那幾分鐘里，查爾斯會和卡梅倫聊天，鼓勵他，通常會讓他的一天變得愉快。）由此可知，Kamern和Mr.Charles已經(jīng)成為朋友了。故選C。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段提到 At the beginning f the schl year，Kamern was having sme difficulties in class.His behavir gt him sent t the administratr's ffice almst every day. （新學(xué)年開始時，Kamern在課堂上遇到了一些困難。他的行為使他幾乎每天都被送到行政辦公室。）由此可知，那段時間，他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)得不好。故選A。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到 "I have always believed angels cme when yu least expect them." She wrte， "This hlds especially true in regards t Mr.Charles.I wuld like him t knw hw much we abslutely lve him fr wh he is and what he has dne fr my sn."（"我一直相信天使會在最不經(jīng)意的時候出現(xiàn)。"她寫道："這對Mr.Charles來說尤其如此。我想讓他知道，我們是多么愛他，因為他是什么樣的人，以及他為我兒子所做的一切。"）由此可知，Kamern的媽媽寫這封信是為了向Mr.Charles表示感謝。故選A。
（4）推理判斷題。文章第一段中提到In the few minutes they shared tgether each afternn，Mr.Charles wuld chat with Kamern，encurage him，and generally brighten his day. （在每天下午他們共處的那幾分鐘里，Mr.Charles和Kamern會一起聊天，鼓勵他，這通常會讓他的一天變得愉快。）文章的第三段提到After checking in with his teacher，the bus driver wuld smetimes even talk t him abut any prblems he was having in schl. （在和老師核對了之后，公交車司機(jī)有時甚至?xí)退務(wù)勊趯W(xué)校遇到的任何問題。）由此可知，Mr.Charles非常關(guān)心他人，同時又有著積極的生活態(tài)度。故選B。
13．【解答】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段Getting rid f ld tyres has lng been a prblem.Mst are thrwn int landfills r piled up in strage Energy recvery is anther cmmn methd.This invlves burning tyres t generate electricity r heat fr industries，but that prduces planet warming pllutin；r we use them t repair rads，but chemicals frm them might pllute the grund（報廢舊輪胎一直是個問題。大多數(shù)被扔進(jìn)垃圾填埋場或堆放在倉庫中能源回收是另一種常見的方法。這包括燃燒輪胎為工業(yè)發(fā)電或供熱，但這會造成地球變暖污染或者我們用它們來修路，但它們產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會污染地面），可知第一段的目的是提出報廢舊輪胎的問題，故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的After tearing dwn the steel，the remaining material is expsed t high temperatures in the absence f air t make the rubber change int a mix f hydrcarbn gases，and then they're remved.What is left behind is pure carbn black.Once the remved gases cl dwn，a part f them liquefies int TDO（拆下鋼材后，剩余材料在沒有空氣的情況下暴露在高溫下，使橡膠變成碳?xì)浠衔餁怏w的混合物，然后將其去除。剩下的是純炭黑。一旦去除的氣體冷卻下來，其中一部分就會液化成TDO），我們可以推斷出輪胎的回收過程中，TDO來自去除的碳?xì)浠衔餁怏w，故選D。
（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)最后一段的The recvered TDO is well﹣suited fr making diesel （柴油）.While nt cmpletely carbn﹣neutral， it des prduce an 80﹣90% reductin in emissins f carbn dixide，cmpared with the cnventinal fuel（回收的TDO非常適合制造柴油。雖然不完全是碳中和的，但與傳統(tǒng)燃料相比，它確實減少了80﹣90%的二氧化碳排放），可知 it 代指diesel，即來自于TDO的柴油，故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第二段Sme firms，therefre，have begun explring an alternative.One such firm is Wastefrnt，which wns a big tyre﹣recycling plant in nrth﹣east England.In a cuple f years，it will be able t turn 8 millin ld tyres int new prducts，including a black liquid called TDO （因此，一些公司已經(jīng)開始探索替代方案。Wastefrnt就是這樣一家公司，它在英格蘭東北部擁有一家大型輪胎回收廠。幾年后，它將能夠?qū)?00萬個舊輪胎轉(zhuǎn)化為新產(chǎn)品，包括一種名為TDO的黑色液體），可知本文主要介紹一種替代原來處理廢舊輪胎的新方案，所以D.The Alternative t Tyre﹣recycling（輪胎回收的替代方案）可以作為最佳標(biāo)題，故選D。
14．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Early humans had t hunt，gather fd and prtect themselves.Thse activities cnsumed much time，s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses，thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage（早期的人類必須狩獵、采集食物和保護(hù)自己。這些活動消耗了很多時間，所以除非睡眠有非常重要的作用，否則睡眠較少的人會有優(yōu)勢），可知早期人類的例子表明睡眠在人類歷史上具有重要意義，故選C。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened（大腦每天都會產(chǎn)生如此多的連接，以至于特定的電路可能會承受沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)），可知作者在第二段中表達(dá)了我們的大腦可能會因突觸連接而超載的信息，故選B。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Dr.Cirelli explained that during sleep，a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day（Cirelli博士解釋說，在睡眠期間，許多突觸連接都會減弱，這樣第二天就可以更好地進(jìn)行新的學(xué)習(xí)），可知Chirelli博士的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠可以減輕突觸負(fù)擔(dān)，故選A。
（4）態(tài)度判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Yu dn't have t be a scientist t understand that nt sleeping well affects next day functining — this is cmmn cultural 's research is an example f science shwing the "why" and "hw" mechanisms that underlie that wisdm（你不必是一個科學(xué)家就能理解睡眠不好會影響第二天的功能﹣﹣﹣這是常見的文化智慧。Cirelli博士的研究是一個科學(xué)例子，展示了這種智慧背后的"為什么"和"如何"機(jī)制），可知作者對Cirelli博士的研究是贊同的，故選D。
15．【解答】（1）聯(lián)系上下文題。根據(jù)上文It's different with ld credit cards，which shuld be destryed s nbdy can use them fraudulently（欺詐地）. （這與舊信用卡不同，舊信用卡應(yīng)該被銷毀，這樣就沒有人可以欺詐性地使用它們。）以及下文 Here's hw t get rid f an ld card.（以下是如何處理舊卡。）、Cut up plastic cards（切碎塑料卡）、Send back metal cards（寄回金屬卡）可知，本句說明怎樣處理舊卡，選項E.But hw t destry a payment card prperly is nt bvius，especially with new metal credit cards.（但如何正確銷毀支付卡并不明確，尤其是使用新的金屬信用卡。）符合語境，故選E。
（2）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文"We recmmend that cnsumers cut thrugh the EMV chip，then further cut the card a few times alng the shrt side，and dispse f the sectins in mre than ne trash bag，" says Sarah Gran，a spkeswman fr the American Bankers Assciatin.（美國銀行家協(xié)會發(fā)言人Sarah Gran說："我們建議消費(fèi)者切開EMV芯片，然后沿著卡片的短邊再切幾次，然后把這些部分放在多個垃圾袋里處理。"）可知，舊卡應(yīng)該破碎后放在不同的地方，選項C.Or feed cards int a machine designed t handle them.（或者將卡片放入專門處理卡片的機(jī)器中。）符合語境，故選C。
（3）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Cntact yur issuer.Typically，yu can mail it back fr dispsal.（請聯(lián)系您的發(fā)卡行。通常，您可以將其寄回進(jìn)行處理。）可知，舊金屬卡需要做專門處理，否則易出事故，選項F.Destrying a metal card by yurself is harder and ptentially dangerus.（自己銷毀一張金屬卡片更難，而且有潛在的危險。）符合語境，故選F。
（4）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Dn't bsess abut identity theft f an ld credit card.Yu generally wn't be respnsible fr fraudulent charges anyway.（不要為舊信用卡的身份盜竊而煩惱。不論如何，你通常不愿對欺詐指控負(fù)責(zé)。）可知，處理舊卡時，需要警惕關(guān)聯(lián)賬戶，以免造成財產(chǎn)損失，選項D.Take care with debit cards and ther plastic where fraud means yu might be missing mney.（小心使用借記卡和其他塑料卡，因為欺詐意味著你可能會失去錢財。）符合語境，故選D。
（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文And when yu clse an accunt，yu have less available credit.（當(dāng)你關(guān)閉一個賬戶時，你的可用信貸就會減少。）可知，關(guān)閉信用卡會影響你的信用等級，選項B.Scres als cnsider the length f time yu've had the card pen.（信用評級還要考慮你持卡時間的長短。）符合語境，故選B。
語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
16．【解答】（1）考查名詞/形容詞及語境理解。A.cllege學(xué)院；B.junir初級的；C.primary小學(xué)的；D.senir高級的。句意：然而，加拿大的一位小學(xué)老師Jennifer Thiessen卻有不同的想法，并確保她的學(xué)生為生活做好準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)下文three third﹣graders and secnd furth﹣graders可知是小學(xué)的老師。故選C。
（2）考查副詞及語境理解。A.creatively創(chuàng)造性地；B.differently不同地；C.sharply急劇地；D.psitively積極地。句意：然而，加拿大的一位小學(xué)老師Jennifer Thiessen卻有不同的想法，并確保她的學(xué)生為生活做好準(zhǔn)備。故選B。
（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.applying申請；B.checking檢查；C.cultivating培養(yǎng)；D.sharing共享。句意：據(jù)她說，培養(yǎng)這些技能和學(xué)生知道如何乘法和除法一樣重要。根據(jù)下文was as imprtant as students knwing hw t multiply and divide可知是說培養(yǎng)這些能力。故選C。
（4）考查名詞及語境理解。A.theries理論；B.schedules時間表；C.issues問題；D.cncerns擔(dān)憂。句意：Thiessen與另一位老師Kyla Stradling討論了她的擔(dān)憂，他們想出了一個計劃。根據(jù)下文and they came up with a plan可知是討論。故選D。
（5）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.related相關(guān)的；B.expsed暴露的；C.addicted上癮的；D.devted投入的。句意：他們給學(xué)生們做了一個與傳播善意有關(guān)的項目。他們稱之為"善良項目"。根據(jù)下文They called it the "Kindness Prject".可知是與傳播善意相關(guān)的項目。故選A。
（6）考查動詞及語境理解。A.remind提醒；B.frce強(qiáng)迫；C.inspire啟發(fā)；D.invite邀請。句意：Thiessen在2018年告訴她的三年級學(xué)生，"如果我們能成為善良的火花，我們就能激勵他人做出善舉。"根據(jù)上文If we culd be that spark f kindness可知是啟發(fā)。故選C。
（7）考查名詞及語境理解。A.practices實踐；B.wnders奇跡；C.assignments任務(wù)；D.prjects項目。句意：學(xué)生們創(chuàng)造了奇跡。故選B。
（8）考查名詞及語境理解。A.tls工具；B.services服務(wù)；C.items項目；D.gifts禮物。句意：他們賺了大約400美元，然后用這些錢買了一些小禮物，比如鮮花和狗狗零食。根據(jù)下文like flwers and dg treats可知是小禮物。故選D。
（9）考查名詞及語境理解。A.strangers陌生人；B.friends朋友；C.teachers教師；D.parents父母。句意：然后他們把它分發(fā)給學(xué)校附近的陌生人。故選A。
（10）考查動詞及語境理解。A.estimate估計；B.perfrm表現(xiàn)，執(zhí)行；C.adpt采用；D.apprve批準(zhǔn)。句意："這個項目不是關(guān)于誰能在學(xué)業(yè)上表現(xiàn)出色，"她說。故選B。
（11）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.ambitins雄心；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.regrets遺憾；D.requirements要求。句意："這是一個人人參與的項目。它對能力沒有任何要求。"根據(jù)下文when it cmes t ability可知是沒有能力要求。故選D。
（12）考查動詞及語境理解。A.invlved參與；B.revealed透露；C.implied隱含；D.stimulated刺激。句意：由于該項目的成功，該校共有五個班參與。故選A。
（13）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.reflected n反思；B.based n基于；C.built n基于；D.fcused n專注于。句意：今年，100名學(xué)生被分成多個小組，專注于不同的任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文sme were at cffee shps helping peple buy beverages，while thers waited 可知是專注于不同的任務(wù)。故選D。
（14）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.pick up拾??；B.give ut發(fā)放；C.srt ut整理；D.cpe with應(yīng)付。句意：3月15日，一些人在咖啡店幫助人們購買飲料，而另一些人則在當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@等待分發(fā)狗糧和鮮花。根據(jù)上文They then gave it ut 可知是分發(fā)。故選B。
（15）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.prud自豪的；B.wrthy值得的；C.capable有能力的；D.aware有意識的。句意：除了開始一連串的善意，老師還想向?qū)W生展示他們的能力。故選C。
17．【解答】（1）考查形容詞。句意：2011年3月，日本經(jīng)歷了有記錄以來最強(qiáng)烈的地震。分析句子，形容詞修飾名詞，設(shè)空處所給詞為動詞，應(yīng)用其過去分詞式的形容詞recrded（有記錄的）修飾histry。故填recrded。
（2）考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：地震引發(fā)海嘯，海嘯嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞了福島核電站。分析句子，a tsunami為先行詞，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，應(yīng)用which。故填which。
（3）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，它已經(jīng)收集了130多萬噸。分析句子，結(jié)合時間狀語s far，句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，cllect和主語之間為主動關(guān)系，且主語為it，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填has cllected。
（4）考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：據(jù)該公司稱，廢水在其釋放之前被稀釋。分析句子，形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用its修飾release。故填its。
（5）考查不定式。句意：一些最危險的物質(zhì)很可能會留在里面。分析句子，be likely t d sth.（有可能做某事），為固定短語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用不定式，故填t remain。
（6）考查副詞。句意：它們會污染海洋，污染海洋中的動物，最后污染地球。分析句子，副詞修飾動詞pllute，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞finally（最后）。故填finally。
（7）考查冠詞。句意：同一天，中國宣布立即禁止所有來自日本的海鮮產(chǎn)品。分析句子，ban為可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)形式，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用冠詞，結(jié)合immediate修飾ban，以元音音素開頭，冠詞應(yīng)用an，故填an。
（8）考查名詞。句意：這一決定是為了"保護(hù)人民的生命和健康"。分析句子，設(shè)空處在句中作主語，結(jié)合this和was，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式decisin（決定）作主語，故填decisin。
（9）考查形容詞。句意：日本外務(wù)省在一份聲明中稱日本此舉"自私且不負(fù)責(zé)任"。分析句子，and連接并列成分作賓語補(bǔ)足語，結(jié)合irrespnsible，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞，結(jié)合句意，表示"自私的"，用形容詞selfish，故填selfish。
（10）考查介詞。句意：這只是時間問題。分析句子，a matter f 為固定短語，譯為"...的問題"，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用介詞f，故填f。
寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
18．【解答】Dear Prfessr Williams，
I am hnred t give a presentatin abut Chinese culture t internatinal students at yur invitatin.
I' am very delighted t take this pprtunity t cmmunicate with freign friends abut cultures.（接受邀請）
My presentatin will be abut Chinese martial arts，which is an imprtant part f Chinese culture.【高分句型一】First，I will briefly intrduce it and its develpment ver millennia.Then，I will fcus n sme cmmn styles f Chinese martial arts.Furthermre，I will shw sme phts f relevant histrical lcatins and figures.I believe that graphic visual depictin will be mre impressive than bring language.【高分句型二】（介紹演講主題和要點）
Thank yu fr yur invitatin.I am lking frward t seeing yu.
Sincerely yurs，
Li Hua
19．【解答】Jhn has changed significantly ver the past eighteen years.As he grew lder，he began t see things fr what they really are.【高分句型一】Mst peple feel srry fr Jhn，and they feel as if they shuld be the ne helping him.Jhn，hwever，des nt even see that he has a prblem，nly that there are prblems ut there that peple need help with，and he wants t help.If my mentally handicapped brther can have s many prblems f his wn，vercme these prblems as if they are nthing and want t help thers，then surely I can vercme bstacles f my wn.（哥哥一直想要幫助其他人）
As I grw lder，I'm n lnger ashamed f my brther；instead，I am ashamed that I used t be.There is n ne I wuld rather walk thrugh a stre with，and n ne I wuld rather have a "quiet" cnversatin with in the midst f a quiet restaurant.I beam with pride when smene tells me they lve my brther，because I knw I am truly blessed t have Jhn in my life t keep me real and remind me f what is imprtant.【高分句型二】Jhn has taught me t live life，t lve life.S He is definitely a superher in my mind.（哥哥讓作者保持自我，是作者心目中的英雄）A.It culd be wrth clsing the accunt anyway.
B.Scres als cnsider the length f time yu've had the card pen.
C.Or feed cards int a machine designed t handle them.
D.Take care with debit cards and ther plastic where fraud means yu might be missing mney.
E.But hw t destry a payment card prperly is nt bvius，especially with new metal credit cards.
F.Destrying a metal card by yurself is harder and ptentially dangerus.
G.Skip this step if yu're simply replacing an expired card r ne that has been cmprmised.
（1）A.cllege
B.junir
C.primary
D.senir
（2）A.creatively
B.differently
C.sharply
D.psitively
（3）A.applying
B.checking
C.cultivating
D.sharing
（4）A.theries
B.schedules
C.issues
D.cncerns
（5）A.related
B.expsed
C.addicted
D.devted
（6）A.remind
B.frce
C.inspire
D.invite
（7）A.practices
B.wnders
C.assignments
D.prjects
（8）A.tls
B.services
C.items
D.gifts
（9）A.strangers
B.friends
C.teachers
D.parents
（10）A.estimate
B.perfrm
C.adpt
D.apprve
（11）A.ambitins
B.challenges
C.regrets
D.requirements
（12）A.invlved
B.revealed
C.implied
D.stimulated
（13）A.reflected n
B.based n
C.built n
D.fcused n
（14）A.pick up
B.give ut
C.srt ut
D.cpe with
（15）A.prud
B.wrthy
C.capable
D.aware

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