
1.(1.5分)Where will the speakers have lunch?
A.In the park.
B.In the ffice.
C.In the dining hall.
2.(1.5分) When will The Cuck Clck start?
A.At 6:00.
B.At 6:10.
C.At 7:00.
3.(1.5分) Hw will the by g t schl tmrrw?
A.By car.
B.By bus.
C.By bike.
4.(1.5分) Where are the speakers?
A.In a library.
B.In a classrm.
C.In a bkstre.
5.(1.5分) What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A.The sky.
B.The sun.
C.The cean.
第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
6.(3分)(1)What are the speakers ding?
A.Talking abut a band.
B.Lking at a picture.
C.Enjying a perfrmance.
(2)Hw ld is the wman?
A.20 years ld.
B.22 years ld.
C.24 years ld.
7.(3分)(1)Why is the man stressed?
A.He's busy with this week's exam.
B.He has a lt f schlwrk t d.
C.The prfessrs dn't like him.
(2)What will the wman d?
A.D exercise with the man.
B.Teach the man t read fast.
C.Help with the man's schlwrk.
8.(4.5分)(1)What des the wman think f her jb?
A.Challenging.
B.Attractive.
C.Well﹣paid.
(2)What has the wman decided t d?
A.Try fr anther jb.
B.Learn a new language.
C.Get full﹣time educatin.
(3)Where are the speakers ging?
A.T a cncert hall.
B.T a cmpany.
C.T a schl.
9.(6分)(1)What size bag des the man want?
A.40cm x 60cm.
B.60cm x 90cm.
C.70cm x 90cm.
(2)What clr bag des the man chse?
A.Blue and white.
B.Red and white.
C.Red and green.
(3)Hw much will the man pay?
A.$300.
B.$200.
C.$100.
(4)Why will the man get the bag n Saturday?
A.It will be cheaper n weekends.
B.He needs it fr camping this weekend.
C.The clr he wants is available this weekend.
10.(6分)(1)Hw many bys are there in the first pht?
A.Fur.
B.Five.
C.Six.
(2)What is the children's attitude twards the scre f the ftball game?
A.They dn't mind.
B.They feel upset.
C.They are puzzled.
(3)What are the girls in the secnd pht ding?
A.Drinking cffee.
B.Ding sprts.
C.Talking tgether.
(4)What benefit des the activity in the secnd pht prvide?
A.It gives a sense f winning.
B.It ffers a chance t cmmunicate mre.
C.It helps the children t imprve physical health.
閱讀理解(共兩節(jié);每小題6分,滿分40分)
11.(6分) Vlunteering is a great way t develp new skills,gain experience and cnnect with thers.If yu are interested in vlunteering,here are sme recmmended pprtunities.
Disabled Peple's Buddy
Becme a buddy t help yung disabled peple.Yu can decide hw t spend yur time tgether,whether in an art exhibitin r a little cncert,but remember t take care f him r her.We hpe that yu understand the imprtance f prtecting peple's dignity,cmmunicate with them patiently,and devte 3﹣4 hurs every week t the prject fr at least six mnths.
App Cntent Creatr
We're making an app t prmte prtectin f ur planet frm climate change.We're lking fr smene wh cares abut the climate crisis and uses nline design tls skilfully.If yu are admitted,yu will wrk at least 4 hurs per week frm hme t help publicize green living,but yu will learn a lt abut marketing and brand building.
Vlunteer Map Editr
Yur primary respnsibility is t update structure data fr The Natinal Map using ur mapping app.Structures include schls,hspitals,plice statins,and ther imprtant public buildings.Since this is an nging remte cmputer﹣based activity,yu can participate frm anywhere yu have reliable Internet access if it suits yur schedule.
Citizen TV Vlunteer
Make a change﹣making feature dcumentary with us.Yu will research,film,and bring t light sme inspiring stries ver the past 160 years.N prir skills are required,and yu will receive prfessinal camera training.Yu will wrk frm day t night,s please get yur bdy and mind prepared.
(1)What shuld yu d as a buddy f disabled peple?
A.Discver their artistic talents.
B.Accmpany them with respect.
C.Prvide them with medical care.
D.Develp their cmmunicatin skills.
(2)Hw can ne benefit frm becming an app cntent creatr?
A.Adpt a healthy lifestyle.
B.Prmte persnal brands.
C.Take nline design curses.
D.Acquire marketing knwledge.
(3)Which vlunteer pprtunity is the mst flexible in terms f wrking time?
A.Disabled Peple's Buddy.
B.App Cntent Creatr.
C.Vlunteer Map Editr.
D.Citizen TV Vlunteer.
12.(8分)Althugh English is nt as ld as Chinese,it is spken by many peple arund the wrld every day.English speakers are always creating new wrds,and we are ften able t knw where mst wrds cme frm.
Smetimes,hwever,n ne may really knw where a wrd cmes frm.Did yu ever think abut why hamburgers(漢堡包) are called hamburgers,especially when they are nt made with ham(火腿)?Abut a hundred years ag,sme men went t America frm Eurpe.They came frm a big city in Germany called Hamburg.They did nt speak gd English,but they ate gd fd.When sme Americans saw them eating rund pieces f beef,they asked the Germans what it was.The Germans did nt understand the questin and answered,"We cme frm Hamburg." One f these Americans wned a restaurant,and had an idea.He cked sme rund pieces f beef like thse which the men frm Hamburg ate.Then he put each between tw pieces f bread and started selling them.Such bread came t be called"hamburgers".Tday "hamburgers"are sld in many cuntries arund the wrld.
Whether this stry is true r nt,it certainly is interesting.Knwing why any wrd has a certain meaning is reasn,fr mst English wrds,can be fund in any large English dictinary.
(1)Abut a hundred years ag,Hamburg was .
A.An American city
B.a Chinese city
C.the name f a village
D.a city in Germany
(2)Hamburgers are mainly made with .
A.beef,bread
B.nly made with beef
C.bread,ptat
D.nly made with bread
(3)Accrding t the writer,which f the fllwing can ften be fund in any large English dictinary?
A.Where all the new wrds cme frm.
B.Where thse Germans came frm.
C.The reasn why an English wrd has a certain meaning.
D.The reasn why English is spken arund the wrld.
(4)Accrding t the stry,the wrd" hamburger" cmes frm .
A.China because it has a lng histry
B.England because Germans dn't speak gd English
C.the rund pieces f beef which thse peple frm Hamburg were eating
D.English speakers because they always create new wrds
13.(8分)Fr years,yu've been tld that stress can be deadly and is smething t be avided.Therefre,an anxius situatin is ften accmpanied by a sense f fear.Hwever,recent studies suggest that stress﹣related harmful effects n yur health are nt unavidable.
One study fllwed 30,000 peple ver eight years and measured their stress levels.Thse wh believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than thse wh were under stress but didn't acknwledge the s﹣called negative effects.The latter grup was healthier,and many f them lived lng,happy lives.
Stressful feelings start ut in a small regin f the brain that affects hw peple feel emtins,especially fear.The small regin is very sensitive t pssible threats.When it senses danger,it alerts the brain,and feelings f fear r stress can result.These feelings give peple a warning message when they need t pay attentin and when they need t take actin.Fr instance,when the sight f a speeding car triggers(觸發(fā))the regin t release a lightning﹣fast message,we knw immediately t mve ut f the way!
Anther study carried by Health psychlgist Dr.McGnigal fund a link between stress and the amunt f sympathy peple shwed t thers.Researchers tracked 1,000 adults,their descriptins f the level f stress in their lives and the amunt f time spent helping thers.With each majr stressful event,such as a family tragedy r financial crisis,the risk f dying increased by 30 percent.But fr the grup wh spent time helping thers,there was n increase in stress﹣related deaths,even fr thse wh had faced their wn persnal tragedies.Accrding t Dr.McGnigal,"Chasing meaning is better fr yur health than trying t avid discmfrt.G after what it is that creates meaning in yur life and then trust yurself t handle the stress that fllws."
(1)What des the study in paragraph 2 suggest?
A.Stress caused many deaths ver eight years.
B.Stress wn't hurt yu if yu dn't acknwledge its presence.
C.It is nt the stress but ur respnse t it that creates prblems.
D.Thse withut stress usually live lng and happy lives.
(2)What d we knw abut stress frm paragraph 3?
A.Stress is harmful t the brain.
B.Stress can cause danger.
C.Stress can be a threat t us.
D.Stress can lead t timely actin.
(3)What can we learn frm Dr.McGnigal's study?
A.Peple withut stress spend mre time caring thers.
B.Stress ften causes a family tragedy r financial crisis.
C.Stress can be avided by helping thers.
D.Peple chasing meaning in life suffer less frm stress.
(4)Which may be the best title fr the text?
A.Stress Is Nt Yur Enemy.
B.Man Can Cnquer Stress.
C.We Need Remve Stress.
D.Stress Is Nearly Harmless
14.(8分) Empathy and genersity are tw qualities that arguably make the wrld g rund.But a study suggests that the willingness t help crashes when peple get t little sleep.
T prve it,researchers cnducted three experiments designed t examine the issue frm the individual t the scietal scale.
In the first experiment,researchers perfrmed functinal magnetic resnance (磁共振) imaging scans f the brain and questined 24 adults after an eight﹣hur﹣sleep night and after a sleepless night.When they rested well,the participants scred well n a helping behavir test.But after sleep lss,78 percent had less f a desire t help thers,even when it came t friends and family.The scans shwed that areas f the brains assciated with scial cgnitin — ur thught prcesses related t ther peple — were less active with sleep lss.
The secnd experiment tracked 136 healthy adults ver fur nights and asked them questins abut helping the fllwing day.The effect held fr them,t.
T test the effects n a scietal level,the researchers then lked at a database f 3 millin charitable dnatins given between 2001 and 2016.They fund that immediately fllwing the beginning f daylight saving time (DST 夏令時(shí))— a ntrius sleep disrupter — dnatins drpped 10 percent.The effect wasn't fund in data frm Hawaii r Arizna,hwever,neither bserve DST.
Why bther studying hw helpful peple are when we dn't get enugh shut﹣eye? "We're starting t see mre studies,where the effects f sleep lss dn't just stp at the individual,but extend t thse arund us," said Eti Ben Simn,a scientist wh c﹣wrte the study,in a news release. "If yu're nt getting enugh sleep,it desn't just hurt yur wn well﹣being,it hurts that f yur entire scial circle,including strangers."
There's a silver lining t all that ungenerus behavir,the researchers write:Unlike persnality quality,sleep can be mdified — and bth getting enugh and helping thers d the same might make fr a better wrld.
(1)On which level were the first tw experiments made?
A.The wrld level.
B.The individual level.
C.The scietal level.
D.The family level.
(2)What can we learn abut the experiments frm the text?
A.The sleep quality determined peple's desire t help.
B.Our brains wuld becme inactive fr lack f sleep.
C.The first tw experiments' results were the same.
D.DST influenced the dnatins in all examined areas.
(3)Why d researchers bther t cnduct such a study accrding t Eti Ben Simn?
A.Because they want t slve the sleep lss prblem.
B.Because they want mre peple t dnate mney.
C.Because sleep lss has greater impacts than we assume.
D.Because it will prevent peple frm hurting their well﹣being.
(4)Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A.Scientists Fund Slid Evidence fr Sleep Lss.
B.Tw Significant Qualities — Empathy and Genersity.
C.Sund Sleep Cntributes t a Better Persn.
D.T Little Sleep Makes Peple Less Generus.
15.(10分)The cst f traveling t and frm yur destinatin can be the mst expensive part f the trip. (1) Hwever,yu als dn't want t empty yur bank accunt!Nw,we are ging t share sme ways with yu t get mre fr yur vacatin budget.
● Bk accmmdatins with valuable "freebies" (免費(fèi)品).We lve finding a place t stay that ffers frees breakfast.Nt nly des it save sme cash,but it is hugely cnvenient! (2) :Pick a htel that is cnvenient t where yu will be spending the mst time.Nt nly will it save yu huge amunts f time,but it will save yu mney n lcal transprtatin!
● Be creative.(3) .When we went t the Eiffel Twer,the lines fr the elevatr were super lng.We nticed a different line that was shrter as we std waiting.We learned that we culd take the stairs withut waiting in hardly any line,and it was much cheaper than taking the elevatr!
●(4) .We are always lking fr smething free when we buy tickets t visit museums r bk day trips.Whenever yu can cmbine different activities int ne price,and especially if there is a meal invlved,it can be wrth it.
● Cnsider "City Passes".Yu may have seen them advertised all ver turism websites. "City passes" will get yu all srts f free admissin,transprtatin and discunts. (5) .
A.Dn't g with the crwd
B.Als,lcatin is a majr factr
C.Yu are lucky t have free meals
D.Cmbine activities when pssible
E.Research "Must﹣See" attractin websites
F.Yu dn't want t spend less time n yur trip
G.It's a cnvenient ffer fr turists wh care abut their budget
語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
16.(15分)Every night,even lng after my childhd years,she wuld cme t me,push my lng hair ut f the way and then kiss my frehead t say gdnight.
I dn't(1) when it started t dislike her hands pushing my hair that way.Finally,ne night,I shuted at her. "Dn't d that(2) ﹣﹣﹣ yur hands are t rugh(粗糙的)!" She didn't say anything(3) .But never again did my mther(4) me with that familiar expressin f her lve.But because f my pride,I didn't tell her I was(5) .
As years passed,I missed my mther's hands and gdnight kisses upn my(6) again and again.Smetimes the incident seemed very clse,smetimes far away.But always(7) appeared in my mind.
Nw my mm is in her mid﹣seventies,still ding thins fr me and my family with thse tw hands.Mm n lnger has Dad,and n special(8) ,I find myself drawn next dr t (9) the night with her.It was late n Thanksgiving Eve.As I slept in the bedrm f my yuth,a(10) hand hesitantly brushed the hair frm my frehead.Then a kiss,ever s(11) ,tuched my brw.
In my(12) ,fr the thusandth time,I thught f the night I said the rude wrds t my mm.(13) Mm's hand in my hand,I tld her hw srry I was fr that night.But she had frgtten﹣﹣﹣and frgiven﹣﹣﹣lng ag.
That night,I fell asleep with a new appreciatin fr my gentle mther and her(14) hands.And the guilt(愧疚感)I had had fr s lng was(15) t be fund.
17.(15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Fill in each blank with ne prper wrd r the right frm f the given wrd.
Suth African English has a lng histry,but there are actually eleven (1) (ffice) languages in Suth Africa.The English language in Suth Africa dates frm the (2) (arrive) f the British at the Cape f Gd Hpe in 1795.As was the case in mst British clnies,English (3) (intrduce) first by sldiers and administratrs,then by missinaries,settlers,and frtune﹣seekers.English tk rt during the 19th century (4) a suthern African language,as a result f the British settlements f 1820 (in the Eastern Cape),1848~51 (in Natal),and the subsequent(隨后的)rushes (5) the diamnd mines f Kimberley and the gld mines f the Witwatersrand.Mdern Suth African English is part f a cmplex linguistic and (6) (culture) mix.The Cnstitutin f 1994 recgnises 11 fficial languages, (7) (name) English,Afrikaans,and the nine majr African languages, (8) (include) Zulu,Xhsa,Setswana,and Sesth,as well as (9) (additin) cmmunity and (10) (religin) languages such as Khisan,Telugu,Hindi,Prtuguese,Hebrew,and Arabic.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,選擇下框中的單詞替換句中劃線部分的單詞或短語(yǔ),使之意思一致。(共2小題;每小題7分,滿分15分)
18.(7分)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,選擇下框中的單詞替換句中劃線部分的單詞或短語(yǔ),使之意思一致,無(wú)需變形。
(1)As we knw,cancer is cnsidered as a deadly disease.
(2)She fund it terribly difficult t get a jb.
(3)I thught the little by was t yung t get t the tp f the muntain,but he succeeded at last.
(4)The truth was knwn t n ne except herself.
(5)It desn't be reasnable t discuss abut it ver and ver again.
(6)Yu can g t yur mnitr t register fr the cmpetitin befre April 20th.
(7)Clearly,we can draw the cnclusin that gd manners arise frm pliteness and respect fr thers.
19.(8分)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,選擇下框中的單詞或短語(yǔ),必要時(shí)用正確的形式填空??蛑杏袃蓚€(gè)多余的單詞或短語(yǔ)。
(1)Alice intrduced herself cnfidently n the first f schl,which n me.
(2)Pisa in Italy is a fine ld city where the beautiful leaning twer can be .
(3)I usually g hiking fr vacatin,but I want t try smething mre this year.
(4)The instructins n the package are clear but .
(5)The lder teenagers say that they that freshmen wait until the secnd term befre they jin a team r club.
(6)We are lking frward t seeing the Terractta Army that is filled with .
(7)Tm,a clever by wh is abut everything,likes t ask questins all the time.
(8)He may get a yellw card if a ftballer t fall dwn during a match.
英漢互譯
20.(2分)正出于這個(gè)原因,我提前畢業(yè)了。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)句) (漢譯英)
21.(2分)老師們強(qiáng)烈推薦學(xué)生要報(bào)名游泳課程。(使用recmmend 從句)
22.(2分)人們公認(rèn)環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題之一。(recgnize) (漢譯英)
23.(2分)After reaching yur destinatin,yu will have a day t explre and be amazed by this ancient city. (英譯漢)
24.(2分)The cmpetitin has raised ur interest in English learning and prvide us with a gd chance t experience the magic pwer f English culture.(英譯漢)
寫作(滿分25分)
25.(25分)假設(shè)你是李華,下周來(lái)自英國(guó)倫敦姐妹學(xué)校的師生交流團(tuán)受邀來(lái)你的家鄉(xiāng)游覽,你作為學(xué)生代表致歡迎辭。請(qǐng)為此寫一份發(fā)言稿,內(nèi)容如下:
(1)表示歡迎;
(2)介紹家鄉(xiāng);
(3)表達(dá)祝愿。
注意:
(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 80左右;
(2)可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Dear teachers and fellw students,
2023-2024學(xué)年福建省福州市四校教學(xué)聯(lián)盟高一(上)期中英語(yǔ)試卷
參考答案與試題解析
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7. 5分)
1.【解答】A
2.【解答】C
3.【解答】A
4.【解答】C
5.【解答】C
第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
6.【解答】BC
7.【解答】BA
8.【解答】CBA
9.【解答】BABA
10.【解答】BACB
閱讀理解(共兩節(jié);每小題6分,滿分40分)
11.【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了一些推薦的志愿者機(jī)會(huì),包括成為殘疾人的伙伴、成為應(yīng)用程序內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者、成為志愿地圖編輯員和成為公民電視志愿者。這些機(jī)會(huì)可以幫助人們發(fā)展新技能、獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)并與他人建立聯(lián)系。每個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)都有不同的時(shí)間要求和工作內(nèi)容,但都可以為個(gè)人提供學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Disabled Peple's Buddy部分Becme a buddy t help yung disabled peple.Yu can decide hw t spend yur time tgether,whether in an art exhibitin r a little cncert,but remember t take care f him r her.(成為幫助殘疾青年的伙伴。你們可以決定如何共度時(shí)光,無(wú)論是去看藝術(shù)展還是聽小型音樂(lè)會(huì),但要記得照顧他或她。)可知作為殘疾人的朋友,應(yīng)該帶著尊重陪伴他們。故選B。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)App Cntent Creatr部分If yu are admitted,yu will wrk at least 4 hurs per week frm hme t help publicize green living,but yu will learn a lt abut marketing and brand building.(如果你被錄取,你將每周在家工作至少4個(gè)小時(shí),以幫助宣傳綠色生活,但你將學(xué)到很多關(guān)于市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷和品牌建設(shè)的知識(shí)。)可知從成為應(yīng)用內(nèi)容創(chuàng)造者中獲的益是:獲取市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷知識(shí)。故選D。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)Vlunteer Map Editr部分Since this is an nging remte cmputer﹣based activity,yu can participate frm anywhere yu have reliable Internet access if it suits yur schedule.(由于這是一項(xiàng)基于遠(yuǎn)程計(jì)算機(jī)的活動(dòng),如果適合你的日程安排,你可以在任何有可靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入的地方參加。)可知Vlunteer Map Editr的工作時(shí)間最靈活。故選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】1.直接信息題:直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息,選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題:間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息,但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異,做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題:綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話,可能是原文的幾句話,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析,而不能斷章取義。
12.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講了英語(yǔ)中詞匯的來(lái)歷,以漢堡包為例,說(shuō)明了了解一些單詞的來(lái)歷是一件非常有趣的事情。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Abut a hundred years ag,sme men went t America frm Eurpe.They came frm a big city in Germany called Hamburger. (大約一百年前,一些人從歐洲去了美國(guó)。他們來(lái)自德國(guó)一個(gè)叫漢堡的大城市)可知,大約100年前,漢堡是德國(guó)一個(gè)城市的名字。故選D。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段He cked sme rund pieces f beef like thse which the men frm Hamburg ate.Then he put each between tw pieces f bread and started selling them.(他煮了一些圓形的牛肉,就像漢堡人吃的那樣。然后,他把每一片牛肉夾在兩片面包中間,開始賣。)可知漢堡主要是用牛肉、面包做成的。故選A。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Knwing why any wrd has a certain meaning is interesting,t.This reasn,fr mst English wrds,can be fund in any large English dictinary.(知道為什么任何單詞都有一定的含義也是很有趣的。大多數(shù)英語(yǔ)單詞的來(lái)歷都可以在任何一本大的英語(yǔ)詞典中找到)可知,在任何一本大英文字典里都可以查到英語(yǔ)單詞有一定含義的原因。故選C。
(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段He cked sme rund pieces f beef like thse which the men frm Hamburger ate.Then he put each between tw pieces f bread and started selling them.Such bread came t be called " hamburgers".Tday "hamburgers" are sld in many cuntries arund the wrld.(他做了一些圓形的牛肉片,就像來(lái)自漢堡的人吃的那樣。然后他把每個(gè)牛肉片夾在兩片面包中間,開始賣。這種面包后來(lái)被稱為"漢堡包"。如今,"漢堡包"在世界許多國(guó)家都有銷售)可知,漢堡包來(lái)自于從德國(guó)漢堡到美國(guó)的那些人吃的食物。故選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。
13.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文通過(guò)科學(xué)研究得出壓力本身不會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)問(wèn)題,我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度影響了生活。
【解答】(1)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"One study fllwed 30,000 peple ver eight years and measured their stress levels.Thse wh believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than thse wh were under stress but didn't acknwledge the s﹣called negative effects.The latter grup was healthier,and many f them lived lng,happy lives.(一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)30000人進(jìn)行了為期八年的跟蹤調(diào)查,并測(cè)量了他們的壓力水平。那些認(rèn)為壓力有害的人的死亡率高于那些處于壓力下,但不承認(rèn)所謂的有負(fù)面影響的人。后一組人更健康,他們中的許多人生活幸福且長(zhǎng)壽)"可知,死亡率高的測(cè)試組中的人們認(rèn)為壓力有害,另一組則不認(rèn)為壓力有不良影響,由測(cè)試的研究結(jié)果可見,造成問(wèn)題的不是壓力,而是我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度。故選C。
(2)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"When it senses danger,it alerts the brain,and feelings f fear r stress can result.These feelings give peple a warning message when they need t pay attentin and when they need t take actin.Fr instance,when the sight f a speeding car triggers (觸發(fā)) the regin t release a lightning﹣fast message,we knw immediately t mve ut f the way!(當(dāng)它感覺到危險(xiǎn)時(shí),它會(huì)提醒大腦,從而產(chǎn)生恐懼或壓力的感覺。當(dāng)人們需要注意和采取行動(dòng)時(shí),這些感覺會(huì)給他們一個(gè)警告信息。例如,當(dāng)看到一輛超速行駛的汽車時(shí),該區(qū)域會(huì)快速地釋放出信號(hào),我們立即知道要讓開?。?可知,壓力感(feelings f stress)會(huì)給人們發(fā)出信息,從而讓人做出應(yīng)變,及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)。故選D。
(3)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"With each majr stressful event,such as a family tragedy r financial crisis,the risk f dying increased by 30 percent.But fr the grup wh spent time helping thers,there was n increase in stress﹣related deaths,even fr thse wh had faced their wn persnal tragedies.(每發(fā)生一次重大壓力事件,如家庭悲劇或金融危機(jī),死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都會(huì)增加30%。但對(duì)于那些花時(shí)間幫助他人的人來(lái)說(shuō),與壓力相關(guān)的死亡人數(shù)沒(méi)有增加,即使是那些曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過(guò)個(gè)人悲劇的人)"及"Chasing meaning is better fr yur health than trying t avid discmfrt.(追求生活的意義比避免生活中的不幸對(duì)你的健康更好)"可知,追求生活意義的人承受的壓力更小。故選D。
(4)A.標(biāo)題判斷題。本文通過(guò)科學(xué)研究得出壓力本身不會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)問(wèn)題,我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度影響了生活,結(jié)合最后一句"G after what it is that creates meaning in yur life and then trust yurself t handle the stress that fllws.(追求在生活中創(chuàng)造意義的東西,然后相信自己能夠處理隨之而來(lái)的壓力)"可知,"Stress Is Nt Yur Enemy (壓力不是你的敵人)"適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解解題步驟:首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意,因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料;其次細(xì)讀題材,各個(gè)擊破,掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問(wèn)題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問(wèn)題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時(shí),要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性,對(duì)于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對(duì)題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。
14.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究表明,當(dāng)人們睡眠太少時(shí),幫助別人的意愿就會(huì)崩潰。文章解釋了研究開展的過(guò)程以及睡眠的重要性。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段In the first experiment,researchers perfrmed functinal magnetic resnance (磁共振) imaging scans f the brain and questined 24 adults after an eight﹣hur﹣sleep night and after a sleepless night.(在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,研究人員對(duì)24名成年人的大腦進(jìn)行了功能性磁共振成像掃描,并對(duì)他們進(jìn)行了8小時(shí)的睡眠和一個(gè)不眠之夜的詢問(wèn))以及第四段The secnd experiment tracked 136 healthy adults ver fur nights and asked them questins abut helping the fllwing day.(第二項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)136名健康成年人進(jìn)行了為期4個(gè)晚上的跟蹤調(diào)查,并詢問(wèn)了他們關(guān)于第二天幫助他人的問(wèn)題)可知,前兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是在個(gè)人層面上進(jìn)行的。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段When they rested well,the participants scred well n a helping behavir test.But after sleep lss,78 percent had less f a desire t help thers,even when it came t friends and family.The scans shwed that areas f the brains assciated with scial cgnitin — ur thught prcesses related t ther peple — were less active with sleep lss. (當(dāng)他們休息得很好時(shí),參與者在幫助行為測(cè)試中得分也很高。但睡眠不足后,78%的人不太愿意幫助別人,即使是朋友和家人。掃描結(jié)果顯示,大腦中與社會(huì)認(rèn)知有關(guān)的區(qū)域——我們與他人相關(guān)的思維過(guò)程——在睡眠不足的情況下變得不那么活躍)以及第四段The effect held fr them,t.(這種效應(yīng)也適用于他們)可知,前兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果是一樣的。故選C。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"We're starting t see mre studies,where the effects f sleep lss dn't just stp at the individual,but extend t thse arund us," said Eti Ben Simn,a scientist wh c﹣wrte the study,in a news release. "If yu're nt getting enugh sleep,it desn't just hurt yur wn well﹣being,it hurts that f yur entire scial circle,including strangers."("我們開始看到越來(lái)越多的研究表明,睡眠不足的影響不僅局限于個(gè)人,還會(huì)影響到我們周圍的人,"該研究的合著者、科學(xué)家Eti Ben Simn在一份新聞稿中說(shuō)。"如果你睡眠不足,這不僅會(huì)損害你自己的健康,還會(huì)損害你整個(gè)社交圈的健康,包括陌生人。")可知,根據(jù)Eti Ben Simn的說(shuō)法,研究人員要進(jìn)行這樣的研究是因?yàn)樗卟蛔愕挠绊懕任覀兿胂蟮囊?。因此C.Because sleep lss has greater impacts than we assume.(因?yàn)樗卟蛔愕挠绊懕任覀兿胂蟮囊?。)符合題意。故選C。
(4)標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段Empathy and genersity are tw qualities that arguably make the wrld g rund.But a study suggests that the willingness t help crashes when peple get t little sleep.(同理心和慷慨可以說(shuō)是使世界運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的兩種品質(zhì)。但一項(xiàng)研究表明,當(dāng)人們睡眠太少時(shí),幫助別人的意愿就會(huì)崩潰)結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究表明,當(dāng)人們睡眠太少時(shí),幫助別人的意愿就會(huì)崩潰。文章解釋了研究開展的過(guò)程以及睡眠的重要性??芍?,D選項(xiàng)"睡眠太少會(huì)讓人不夠慷慨"最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。
首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線索確定詞義。
15.【分析】本文是一篇選句填空,文章主要介紹了往返目的地的費(fèi)用可能是旅途中最昂貴的部分.就此作者分享一些方法來(lái)節(jié)約假期預(yù)算.
【解答】1.F.文章銜接題.根據(jù)前文The cst f traveling t and frm yur destinatin can be the mst expensive part f the trip.可知往返目的地的費(fèi)用可能是旅途中最昂貴的部分.F項(xiàng):Yu dn't want t spend less time n yur trip.你不想在旅途上少花點(diǎn)時(shí)間.符合文意,故選F.
2.B.上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)前文Nt nly des it save sme cash,but it is hugely cnvenient!可知它不僅節(jié)省了一些現(xiàn)金,而且非常方便!根據(jù)后文Pick a htel that is cnvenient t where yu will be spending the mst time.可知選擇一個(gè)方便的酒店,在那里你將花費(fèi)最多的時(shí)間.B項(xiàng):Als,lcatin is a majr factr.此外,位置也是一個(gè)重要因素.符合文意,故選B.
3.A.理解判斷題.根據(jù)后文When we went t the Eiffel Twer,the lines fr the elevatr were super lng.可知當(dāng)我們?nèi)グ7茽栬F塔時(shí),等電梯的隊(duì)伍特別長(zhǎng).A項(xiàng):Dn't g with the crwd.不要隨波逐流.符合文意,故選A.
4.D.歸納總結(jié)題.根據(jù)后文We are always lking fr smething free when we buy tickets t visit museums r bk day trips.可知我們總是在尋找一些免費(fèi)的東西,當(dāng)我們買門票參觀博物館或預(yù)訂一日游.D項(xiàng):Cmbine activities when pssible.盡可能合并活動(dòng).符合文意,故選D.
5.G.邏輯推理題.根據(jù)前文"City passes" will get yu all srts f free admissin,transprtatin and discunts.可知"城市通行證"將為你帶來(lái)各種免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)、交通和折扣.G項(xiàng):It's a cnvenient ffer fr turists wh care abut their budget.對(duì)于關(guān)心預(yù)算的游客來(lái)說(shuō),這是一個(gè)方便的選擇.符合文意,故選G.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).
語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
16.【分析】本文講述母親的雙手給作者帶來(lái)無(wú)私的母愛的故事。那雙手已經(jīng)不再溫柔,甚至有些粗糙,但那雙手依然給作者帶來(lái)溫暖,母愛永遠(yuǎn)難以割斷。
【解答】(1)A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.remember 記得;B.repeat 重復(fù);C.retell 復(fù)述;D.reuse再用。我不記得是什么時(shí)候開始討厭她用手撥開我頭發(fā)的方式。根據(jù)下文句子 when it started t dislike her hands pushing my hair 什么時(shí)候不喜歡媽媽的手撫摸我的頭發(fā),可見是記不起來(lái)了。故選A.
(2)B.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.anyhw不管怎樣;B.anymre 不再;C.anytime 任何時(shí)候;D.anyway無(wú)論如何。"你不要再這樣了,你的手好粗糙!"根據(jù)下文yur hands are t rugh你的手太粗燥,可見是不讓媽媽再撫摸自己的頭發(fā),nt anymre 是不再。故選B.
(3)B.考查詞組及語(yǔ)境理解。A.in particular特別的;B.in reply 回答;C.in time 及時(shí);D.in additin另外。我沖母親叫,她沒(méi)回應(yīng)。故選B.
(4)C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.track追蹤;B.please使喜歡;C.treat 對(duì)待;D.trust信任。但從此卻再?zèng)]有用這種我熟悉的表達(dá)愛的方式來(lái)為我的一天畫上句號(hào)。媽媽不再用那種方式表達(dá)愛了。故選C.
(5)C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.angry生氣的;B.anxius 焦慮的;C.srry 難過(guò)的;D.terrible可怕的。但是因?yàn)槲业尿湴?,我沒(méi)有告訴她我很抱歉。根據(jù)前文句子because f my pride由于我的傲氣,所以一直應(yīng)該是沒(méi)有對(duì)媽媽說(shuō)對(duì)不起。故選C.
(6)D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hand 手;B.cheek面頰;C.hair 頭發(fā);D.frehead前額。隨著時(shí)間的流逝,我開始想念母親的那雙手,想念她印在我前額上的"晚安"。這里作者再想念媽媽的愛的表達(dá),應(yīng)該是媽媽親吻我的額頭。故選D.
(7)D.考查代詞及語(yǔ)境理解。但始它總是出現(xiàn)在我的腦海中。根據(jù)句意可知這里要填的內(nèi)容指的是the incident,所以用it來(lái)指代。故選D.
(8)B.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.duty責(zé)任;B.ccasins 場(chǎng)合;C.cnditins條件;D.purpse目的。媽媽很久沒(méi)有爸爸的消息了,在一些特別的節(jié)日里,我只能在隔壁很沮喪的度過(guò)每個(gè)夜晚。根據(jù)下文我和媽媽一起度過(guò)一個(gè)晚上,這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)特殊的時(shí)。故選B.
(9)D.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.charge充電;B.take拿走;C.cst 使付出;D.spend花費(fèi)。在一些特別的節(jié)日里,我只能在隔壁很沮喪的度過(guò)每個(gè)夜晚。和媽媽應(yīng)該是一起度過(guò)了一個(gè)夜晚。故選D.
(10)B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.friendly友好的;B.familiar 熟悉的;C.similar相似的;D.sft柔軟的。這是我兒時(shí)的臥室,一切都是那么的熟悉,還有一只熟悉的手猶豫著從我的臉上掠過(guò),梳理著我前額的頭發(fā)。媽媽的手對(duì)于孩子來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該是熟悉的。故選B.
(11)B.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.rudely 粗魯?shù)兀籅.gently 溫柔地;C.suddenly突然地;D.gladly高興地。然后,一個(gè)吻,帶著一如往日的溫柔,輕輕落在了我的額頭。媽媽的手應(yīng)該是溫柔地愛撫孩子。故選B.
(12)A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.memry 記憶;B.adulthd童年;C.yuth 青年;D.childhd童年時(shí)代。在我的記憶里,曾幾千次再現(xiàn)那晚的情景和我那稚嫩的抱怨聲。根據(jù)下文句子I thught f the night I said the rude wrds t my mm,作者想著那晚對(duì)媽媽說(shuō)得話,這是過(guò)去的事了,應(yīng)該是在記憶里。故選A.
(13)B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Tuching觸摸;B.Catching 抓?。籆.Fetching 去??;D.Stretching拉伸。我一把抓住母親的手,一股腦說(shuō)出我對(duì)那一晚深深的愧疚。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該是我抓住媽媽的手。故選B.
(14)D.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.wrrying 擔(dān)憂的;B.living 活躍的;C.tiring累人的;D.lving忠誠(chéng)的。那天晚上,我?guī)е鴮?duì)母親新的感激安然入睡,我感激她的溫柔,和她那呵護(hù)的雙手。本文寫的就是媽媽愛的手。故選D.
(15)C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.smewhere 某地;B.anywhere任何地方;C.nwhere 無(wú)處;D.everywhere每個(gè)地方。多年來(lái)壓在我心頭的負(fù)罪感也隨之煙消云散。故選C.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文講述的是母親對(duì)孩子的愛,整個(gè)文章只充滿了濃濃的愛意。在閱讀時(shí)要抓住文章的過(guò)去脈絡(luò)。一定要讀懂全文,弄清文章要表達(dá)的思想,注意前后段落之間的關(guān)系。答題中,一定要認(rèn)真分析,注意選項(xiàng)與上下文的關(guān)系,與前后單詞的關(guān)系。對(duì)于一時(shí)沒(méi)有太大的把握的題可以放到最后再來(lái)完成,因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)答案可以從下文內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。答完后再通讀一篇文章,看看所選選項(xiàng)能不能是語(yǔ)句通順,語(yǔ)意連貫。
17.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了南非的語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展和變化。
【解答】(1)考查形容詞。句意:南非英語(yǔ)有著悠久的歷史,但實(shí)際上南非有11種官方語(yǔ)言。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"官方的",作languages的后置定語(yǔ),用ffice的形容詞fficial,故填fficial。
(2)考查名詞。句意:南非的英語(yǔ)可以追溯到1795年英國(guó)人抵達(dá)好望角。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"抵達(dá)",作賓語(yǔ),用arrive的名詞arrival,不可數(shù),故填arrival。
(3)考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:正如大多數(shù)英國(guó)殖民地的情況一樣,英語(yǔ)首先是由士兵和行政人員引入英語(yǔ)在19世紀(jì)作為一種南部非洲語(yǔ)言扎根,這是1820年(東開普省)、1848~51年(納塔爾?。┑挠?guó)定居點(diǎn)以及隨后對(duì)金伯利鉆石礦的搶購(gòu)的結(jié)果以及威特沃特斯蘭德的金礦的,然后是傳教士、定居者和占卜者。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"被引入",和從句時(shí)態(tài)一致,用一般過(guò)去時(shí);和主語(yǔ)English構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was intrduced,故填was intrduced。
(4)考查介詞。句意:英語(yǔ)在19世紀(jì)作為一種南部非洲語(yǔ)言扎根,這是1820年(東開普?。?848~51年(納塔爾?。┑挠?guó)定居點(diǎn)以及隨后對(duì)金伯利鉆石礦的搶購(gòu)的結(jié)果以及威特沃特斯蘭德的金礦。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"作為",用介詞as,故填as。
(5)考查介詞。句意:英語(yǔ)在19世紀(jì)作為一種南部非洲語(yǔ)言扎根,這是1820年(東開普?。?、1848~51年(納塔爾?。┑挠?guó)定居點(diǎn)以及隨后對(duì)金伯利鉆石礦以及威特沃特斯蘭德的金礦的搶購(gòu)的結(jié)果。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"對(duì)于",用介詞t,故填t。
(6)考查形容詞。句意:現(xiàn)代南非英語(yǔ)是復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)言和文化組合的一部分。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"文化的",作mix的后置定語(yǔ),用culture的形容詞cultural,故填cultural。
(7)考查副詞。句意:1994年《憲法》承認(rèn)11種官方語(yǔ)言,即英語(yǔ)、南非荷蘭語(yǔ)和9種主要非洲語(yǔ)言,包括祖魯語(yǔ)、科薩語(yǔ)、塞茨瓦納語(yǔ)和塞索托語(yǔ),以及其他社區(qū)和宗教語(yǔ)言,如科伊桑語(yǔ)、泰盧固語(yǔ)、印地語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)、希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"也就是",修飾 English,Afrikaans,and the nine majr African languages,用副詞namely,故填namely。
(8)考查介詞。句意:1994年《憲法》承認(rèn)11種官方語(yǔ)言,即英語(yǔ)、南非荷蘭語(yǔ)和9種主要非洲語(yǔ)言,包括祖魯語(yǔ)、科薩語(yǔ)、塞茨瓦納語(yǔ)和塞索托語(yǔ),以及其他社區(qū)和宗教語(yǔ)言,如科伊桑語(yǔ)、泰盧固語(yǔ)、印地語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)、希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,修飾 Zulu,Xhsa,Setswana,and Sesth,表示"包括"用介詞including,故填including。
(9)考查形容詞。句意:1994年《憲法》承認(rèn)11種官方語(yǔ)言,即英語(yǔ)、南非荷蘭語(yǔ)和9種主要非洲語(yǔ)言,包括祖魯語(yǔ)、科薩語(yǔ)、塞茨瓦納語(yǔ)和塞索托語(yǔ),以及其他社區(qū)和宗教語(yǔ)言,如科伊桑語(yǔ)、泰盧固語(yǔ)、印地語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)、希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"其他的",修飾名詞cmmunity,用additin的形容詞additinal,故填additinal。
(10)考查形容詞。句意:1994年《憲法》承認(rèn)11種官方語(yǔ)言,即英語(yǔ)、南非荷蘭語(yǔ)和9種主要非洲語(yǔ)言,包括祖魯語(yǔ)、科薩語(yǔ)、塞茨瓦納語(yǔ)和塞索托語(yǔ),以及其他社區(qū)和宗教語(yǔ)言,如科伊桑語(yǔ)、泰盧固語(yǔ)、印地語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)、希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,表示"宗教的",修飾名詞languages,用religin的形容詞religius,故填religius。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】語(yǔ)法填空考查學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合知識(shí)的運(yùn)用,做題時(shí)要首先明確短文大意,從詞語(yǔ)搭配,固定句型,語(yǔ)法等方面綜合考慮,結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境填寫正確答案。
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,選擇下框中的單詞替換句中劃線部分的單詞或短語(yǔ),使之意思一致。(共2小題;每小題7分,滿分15分)
18.【分析】(1)眾所周知,癌癥被認(rèn)為是一種致命的疾病。
(2)她發(fā)現(xiàn)找工作非常困難。
(3)我以為那個(gè)小男孩太小了,爬不到山頂,但他最后成功了。
(4)除了她自己,沒(méi)有人知道真相。
(5)反復(fù)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不合理的。
(6)你可以在4月20日前到你的班長(zhǎng)那里報(bào)名參加比賽。
(7)很明顯,我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論:禮貌和尊重他人會(huì)產(chǎn)生良好的舉止。
【解答】(1)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:眾所周知,癌癥被認(rèn)為是一種致命的疾病。根據(jù)句意可知這里動(dòng)詞cnsider意為"認(rèn)為",和選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞recgnize(承認(rèn),認(rèn)可)含義類似。故填recgnize。
(2)考查副詞辨析。句意:她發(fā)現(xiàn)找工作非常困難。根據(jù)句意可知這里副詞terribly意為"很,非常",和選項(xiàng)中副詞extremely(非常,極其)含義類似。故填extremely。
(3)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我以為那個(gè)小男孩太小了,爬不到山頂,但他最后成功了。根據(jù)句意可知這里動(dòng)詞succeed意為"成功",和選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)make it(經(jīng)歷艱難困苦后成功)含義類似。故填make it。
(4)考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:除了她自己,沒(méi)有人知道真相。根據(jù)句意可知這里介詞except意為"除了",和選項(xiàng)中的介詞短語(yǔ)ther than(除了……以外)含義類似。故填ther than。
(5)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:反復(fù)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不合理的。根據(jù)句意可知這里形容詞reasnable意為"合理的",和選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)make sense(合乎情理)含義類似。故填make sense。
(6)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:你可以在4月20日前到你的班長(zhǎng)那里報(bào)名參加比賽。根據(jù)句意可知這里動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)register fr意為"注冊(cè),報(bào)名",和選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)sign up fr(注冊(cè),報(bào)名參加)含義類似。故填sign up fr。
(7)考查副詞辨析。句意:很明顯,我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論:禮貌和尊重他人會(huì)產(chǎn)生良好的舉止。根據(jù)句意可知這里副詞clearly意為"明顯地",和選項(xiàng)中副詞bviusly(明顯地)含義類似。故填bviusly。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】同義詞和近義詞的替換是現(xiàn)在高考的重點(diǎn),特別是在閱讀理解的題目里,考查同意異構(gòu)的題特別多,所以學(xué)生應(yīng)該在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),注意總結(jié)。
19.【分析】(1)愛麗絲在開學(xué)第一天自信地自我介紹,這給我留下了深刻印象。
(2)意大利的比薩是一座美麗的古城,在這里可以欣賞到美麗的斜塔。
(3)我通常去遠(yuǎn)足度假,但今年我想嘗試一些更具挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)。
(4)包裝上的說(shuō)明清楚但令人困惑。
(5)年長(zhǎng)的青少年表示,他們建議新生等到第二學(xué)期才加入球隊(duì)或俱樂(lè)部。
(6)我們期待著看到兵馬俑,那里到處都是雕像。
(7)湯姆是一個(gè)聰明的男孩,對(duì)一切都很好奇,他總是喜歡問(wèn)問(wèn)題。
(8)如果足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中假裝摔倒,他可能會(huì)被判黃牌。
【解答】(1)考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意"愛麗絲在開學(xué)第一天自信地自我介紹,這給我留下了深刻印象。"可知要填的詞為"made an impressin留下印象",根據(jù)前面句子的時(shí)態(tài),可知描述現(xiàn)狀,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故填made an impressin。
(2)考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意"意大利的比薩是一座美麗的古城,在這里可以欣賞到美麗的斜塔。"可知要填的詞為"admired欣賞",和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞和be構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填admired。
(3)考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意"我通常去遠(yuǎn)足度假,但今年我想嘗試一些更具挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)。"可知要填的詞為"challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的",修飾不定代詞,所以用形容詞作后置定語(yǔ),故填challenging。
(4)考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意"包裝上的說(shuō)明清楚但令人困惑。"可知要填的詞為"cnfusing令人困惑的",作表語(yǔ),所以用形容詞,故填cnfusing。
(5)考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意"年長(zhǎng)的青少年表示,他們建議新生等到第二學(xué)期才加入球隊(duì)或俱樂(lè)部。"可知要填的詞為"recmmend建議",根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài),可知描述現(xiàn)狀,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故填recmmend。
(6)考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意"我們期待著看到兵馬俑,那里到處都是雕像。"可知要填的詞為"statues雕像",作介詞的賓語(yǔ),所以用名詞,statue為可數(shù)名詞,所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示不止一個(gè),故填statues。
(7)考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意"湯姆是一個(gè)聰明的男孩,對(duì)一切都很好奇,他總是喜歡問(wèn)問(wèn)題。"可知要填的詞為"curius好奇的",作表語(yǔ),所以用形容詞,故填curius。
(8)考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意"如果足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中假裝摔倒,他可能會(huì)被判黃牌。"可知要填的詞為"pretends假裝",主句有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,所以if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),主語(yǔ)為名詞單數(shù),故填pretends。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】如何做選詞填空
1.根據(jù)語(yǔ)法,判斷詞性
一般的空缺都可以通過(guò)其所在的句式結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來(lái)判斷其詞性,從而正確的選詞,進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇范圍。
2.利用語(yǔ)境,確定詞形
當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后,可通過(guò)上下文來(lái)幫助判斷其形式,如主謂一致,動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),固定短語(yǔ),名詞的數(shù)和所有格,形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí)等。
英漢互譯
20.【分析】正出于這個(gè)原因,我提前畢業(yè)了。
【解答】答案:It was fr this reasn that I graduated in advance/ahead f schedule.題干要求用強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)"it is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他",此處被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為fr this reasn;表示"提前"短語(yǔ)為 in advance/ahead f schedule;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填:It was fr this reasn that I graduated in advance/ahead f schedule.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查漢譯英,注意英漢之間的差異,英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)之間的一些特殊表達(dá),準(zhǔn)確地理解句子、翻譯句子,然后根據(jù)句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通順。
21.【分析】老師們強(qiáng)烈推薦學(xué)生要報(bào)名游泳課程。
【解答】recmmend:推薦,建議,that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,shuld+動(dòng)詞原形,shuld可以省略,strngly:強(qiáng)烈地,sign up fr:推薦,建議。
故填:Teachers strngly / highly recmmend that students(shuld)sign up fr the swimming curse.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查漢譯英。漢譯英是基礎(chǔ)題,需要學(xué)生根據(jù)句意、時(shí)態(tài)和固定搭配等,來(lái)選擇合適的單詞或者短語(yǔ),組合成正確的句子。
22.【分析】人們公認(rèn)環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題之一。
【解答】答案:It is recgnized that envirnmental pllutin has becme ne f the mst serius prblems.結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)意思"人們公認(rèn)……"可用句型It is recgnized that;表示"環(huán)境污染"短語(yǔ)為envirnmental pllutin;表示"最……之一"短語(yǔ)為ne f+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞;that從句中應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞,助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。
故答案為It is recgnized that envirnmental pllutin has becme ne f the mst serius prblems.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】對(duì)于漢譯英這種題,要分析句子意思,再?gòu)慕Y(jié)構(gòu)上和意義上對(duì)答案進(jìn)行確定。
23.【分析】到達(dá)目的地后,您將有一天時(shí)間來(lái)探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城。
【解答】After reaching yur destinatin譯為"到達(dá)目的地后",yu will have a day t explre譯為"你將有一天的時(shí)間去探索",and be amazed by譯為"并為之驚嘆",this ancient city譯為"這座古城"。
故填:到達(dá)目的地后,您將有一天時(shí)間來(lái)探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】進(jìn)行英譯漢時(shí),要特別注意英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)之間的差異以及一些特殊表達(dá),準(zhǔn)確理解句意,將英語(yǔ)的長(zhǎng)句分解,準(zhǔn)確翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。
24.【分析】那個(gè)比賽提高了我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,并給我們提供了一個(gè)體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)文化之魔力的好機(jī)會(huì)。
【解答】答案:那個(gè)比賽提高了我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,并給我們提供了一個(gè)體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)文化之魔力的好機(jī)會(huì)。分析句子可知,主語(yǔ)The cmpetitin是"那個(gè)比賽",has raised以及prvide皆為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,意為"提高了"及"提供了",ur interest"我們的興趣"、us"我們"以及with a gd chance"一個(gè)好的機(jī)會(huì)"為賓語(yǔ),in English learning"在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方面"為狀語(yǔ),t experience the magic pwer f English culture."去體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)文化之魔力"作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填:那個(gè)比賽提高了我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,并給我們提供了一個(gè)體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)文化之魔力的好機(jī)會(huì)。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查英譯漢,注意英漢之間的差異,英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)之間的一些特殊表達(dá),準(zhǔn)確地理解句子、翻譯句子,然后根據(jù)句意及提示進(jìn)行翻譯,使句意更通順。
寫作(滿分25分)
25.【分析】高分句型一:Althugh Changchun is a new city with nly abut 200 years f histry,she is a very influential reginal center city in China with high degree penness and advanced science and educatin nw.
譯文:長(zhǎng)春雖然是一個(gè)只有200多年歷史的新城,但它是一個(gè)開放程度高、科教水平高、在中國(guó)極具影響力的區(qū)域中心城市。
分析:這句話使用了althugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
高分句型二:I am prud f her because she has the characteristics f autmbile city,frest city,film city and scientific and technlgical city.
譯文:我為她感到驕傲,因?yàn)樗龘碛衅嚦恰⑸殖?、電影城和科技城的特色?br>分析:這句話使用了because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
【解答】Dear teachers and fellw students,
I'm glad t knw that yu are interested in my hmetwn and will pay a visit t it in the summer hliday.Welcme t my hmetwn﹣﹣﹣Changchun.(表示歡迎)
Changchun City,the capital f Jilin Prvince,is lcated in the center f Snglia Plain in Nrtheast China.Althugh Changchun is a new city with nly abut 200 years f histry,she is a very influential reginal center city in China with high degree penness and advanced science and educatin nw.【高分句型一】I am prud f her because she has the characteristics f autmbile city,frest city,film city and scientific and technlgical city.【高分句型二】(介紹家鄉(xiāng))
Hpe yu can cme t my hmetwn sn and I'd like t shw yu arund the city!(表達(dá)祝愿)
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】這是一篇提綱類作文,需要寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出,但是寫作時(shí)不要僅僅對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行生硬的翻譯,而是要添加些內(nèi)容,使文章看起來(lái)更充實(shí),要組成一篇通順連貫的短文,一定要談?wù)勛约旱目捶?。需要注意緊扣文章主題,給出的要點(diǎn)都需要包括,缺一不可。寫作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài),上下文意思連貫,符合邏輯關(guān)系,不能出現(xiàn)文章脫節(jié)問(wèn)題。盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式,同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型使文章顯得更有檔次。同時(shí)注意要求的字?jǐn)?shù),不要太多也不要太少。(1)A.remember
B.repeat
C.retell
D.reuse
(2)A.a(chǎn)nyhw
B.a(chǎn)nymre
C.a(chǎn)nytime
D.a(chǎn)nyway
(3)A.in particular
B.in reply
C.in time
D.in additin
(4)A.track
B.please
C.treat
D.trust
(5)A.a(chǎn)ngry
B.a(chǎn)nxius
C.srry
D.terrible
(6)A.hand
B.cheek
C.hair
D.frehead
(7)A.she
B.they
C.he
D.it
(8)A.duty
B.ccasins
C.cnditins
D.purpse
(9)A.charge
B.take
C.cst
D.spend
(10)A.friendly
B.familiar
C.similar
D.sft
(11)A.rudely
B.gently
C.suddenly
D.gladly
(12)A.memry
B.a(chǎn)dulthd
C.yuth
D.childhd
(13)A.Tuching
B.Catching
C.Fetching
D.Stretching
(14)A.wrrying
B.living
C.tiring
D.lving
(15)A.smewhere
B.a(chǎn)nywhere
C.nwhere
D.everywhere
extremely
ther than
bviusly
make sense
recgnize
sign up fr
make it
curius pretend statue recmmend challenge
event admire cnfuse take cntrl f make an impressin
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