Unit 1到4 考點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)

這是一份Unit 1到4 考點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)，共19頁。
Unit 1 -Unit 3考點(diǎn) Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Listening and Speaking By studying old photos of the former palace, they have made the new one look exactly like the old one. (P2) 考點(diǎn) :make+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（make+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式） 注意：表示被動(dòng)，to要還原回來。He was made to stay after school. Reading and Thinking 短語: give way to讓步，屈服 keep balance保持平衡 preserve…from…保護(hù)……免受…… lead to 導(dǎo)致 in order to為了……，目的是…… supply…to… 提供……給…… a number of許多，大量 cultural relics 文化遺跡，文化遺產(chǎn) turn to…for help向……求助 raise funds籌集基金 sign a document簽署文件 bring together匯集，使……團(tuán)結(jié)起來 take down 拆卸；寫下；記錄 piece by piece 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地；一塊一塊地 put back together again重新組裝；重新還原 donate…to…向……捐贈(zèng)…… run over踐踏，碾壓 prevent…from…阻止……做…… 句子: There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. (p4) ①There/here置于句首，且主語是名詞，通常用全部倒裝語序。②give way to讓步，屈服 ③It is （not） possible to do sth.做某事是（不）可能的④preserve sth. from…保護(hù)……免受…… Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learned that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. (p4) ①Not only… but （also）…連接兩個(gè)分句，且not only…位于句首時(shí)，not only后面的分句要用部分倒裝語序，但but also后面的分句不倒裝，即前倒后不倒。 ②謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)采取“就近原則”（采取就近原則的結(jié)構(gòu)還有neither…nor… either…or…） The scientist suggested we need to establish a committee of experts to preserve the cultural heritage and prevent it from being harmed. (p5) 考點(diǎn)：suggest 后面接賓語從句，從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。類似的詞還有:一堅(jiān)持insist,二命令order, command三建議advise, propose, recommend四要求request, require, demand, urge. Discovering Useful Structures(p6)-----復(fù)習(xí)定語從句思維導(dǎo)圖，新課程p15. 短語: make a summary總結(jié) at the entrance to…在……的入口 day and night日日夜夜，夜以繼日 work out計(jì)算出；解決，弄懂 Listening and Talking（p7） 句型:take turns to do sth.輪流做某事 I beg your pardon.請(qǐng)?jiān)?，再說一遍好嗎？ it is said that=people say that據(jù)說 tell right from wrong分辨是非 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原諒某人做了某事 Reading for Writing（p8） 短語:1. digital images數(shù)碼圖像 2. the Mogao Caves 莫高窟 3. the Silk Road絲綢之路 4. high-quality高質(zhì)量的 5. a meeting point交匯點(diǎn) 6. all over the world在世界各地 7. work on致力于；作用于；繼續(xù)工作 句子: Nearly 500，000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. 考點(diǎn): have/has been done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) The group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China’s history, culture and traditions. 考點(diǎn):even修飾比較級(jí)，little/much/ a lot也可修飾比較級(jí)，表程度 As one researcher who is working on the project explains, 考點(diǎn): as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的固定用法 as we all know (as is known to us, as is well known) as is often the case情況常常如此 as is reported據(jù)報(bào)道 as is expected正如所期待的那樣 as has been said before如前所述 Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding. 考點(diǎn):動(dòng)名詞短語做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries是動(dòng)名詞短語做主語，所以此處謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is. Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Listening and Speaking(p14-15) 短語：die out滅亡，逐漸消失 at an/a …rate以……的速度 aware of意識(shí)到；知道 on earth究竟，到底 on average平均 be concerned about為……擔(dān)憂 in danger of處于……的危險(xiǎn)中 adapt to適應(yīng) take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 under pressure在壓力下；承受壓力 put…into… 把……放進(jìn)……里 Reading and Thinking 短語：the short hike短途旅行 snow-covered 白雪皚皚的 make out 看清，聽清，分清 a herd of /herds of一群…… Tibetan antelope藏羚羊 be struck by被……吸引/震撼 remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起 drop by…下降了…… make profits獲利 in order to為了 place sth. under protection把……置于保護(hù)之下 watch over保護(hù)，照管，監(jiān)督 day and night日日夜夜，夜以繼日 keep…from…保護(hù)……免受 remove sth. from sth.從某物中除去某物 intend to do sth.打算做某事 a threat to sth. 對(duì)某物的威脅 exist in harmony with…與……和諧相處 sth. happened to sb./sth.某人/某物發(fā)生了某事 based on以……為基礎(chǔ) as long as 只要 literal meaning字面意思/implied meaning隱含意思 far away遙遠(yuǎn)的 句子: 1.To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. 考點(diǎn):名詞+動(dòng)詞過去分詞=形容詞hand-made手工制成的，heart-broken傷心的 This is why we are here---to observe Tibetan antelopes. 考點(diǎn): this/that is why+結(jié)果 e.g. He was ill. That was why he was taken to the hospital. this/that is because+原因 e.g.He was taken to the hospital. That was because he was ill. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. 考點(diǎn): am/is/are+being+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)） Their habitats will becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. 考點(diǎn): as“隨著”的意思，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature, can we stop being a threat to wildlife and two our planet. 考點(diǎn):only+狀語（副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句）位于句首，主句用部分倒裝。（即把助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語前面，動(dòng)詞位置不變）從句不倒裝。 Discovering Useful Structures（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）---新課程p36 基本結(jié)構(gòu): am/is are（be動(dòng)詞是助動(dòng)詞）+ being done 含義：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。 時(shí)間狀語（標(biāo)志詞）：now, at the moment, at present 短語: due to 由于，因?yàn)? …and so on等等（用于省略） be worried about擔(dān)憂，關(guān)心 Listening and Talking（p19） match sth. with sth.用某物匹配某物 bird feeder喂鳥器 so that/so as to make sure確保 from far away從遠(yuǎn)處 search for搜查，查找 look up查閱 Reading for writing (p20-21) when it comes to…當(dāng)談及；當(dāng)涉及 stir up激起，引起 carry out a plan實(shí)施計(jì)劃 clean up清理 attract one's attention to 把某人的注意力吸引到……上 Unit 3 The Internet Listening and Speaking(p26-27) 短語: search engine搜索引擎 pay attention to 注意 begin with=start with以……開始 take turns to do sth.輪流做某事 too…to…表否定，太……以至于…… It depends.=That depends.看情況 look up查找，查閱 by the way順便問一下，順便提一下 content words實(shí)詞 function words 虛詞 Reading and Thinking (p28-29) 短語: catch the attention of the readers吸引讀者的注意 as…as possible 盡可能…… no longer=not…any longer不再 wait in line排隊(duì) much more than 不僅僅是 quit one's job辭去工作 out of work失業(yè) keep sb. company陪伴某人 surf the Internet上網(wǎng) be inspired by被……鼓舞/激勵(lì) collect money=raise money募捐 apply for work 申請(qǐng)工作 now that既然，由于 take care of照顧 together with 和……一起，連同 digital divide數(shù)字鴻溝 has access to the Internet可以上網(wǎng) go through經(jīng)歷，度過 句子: There are countless articles telling us how the internet has made our lives more convenient. 考點(diǎn)：①telling us how the internet has made our lives more convenient.現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語。（非謂語動(dòng)詞三種基本形式doing-主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作/ done-被動(dòng)、已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作/ to do-還沒進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）②how 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，做tell的直接賓語。 賓從引導(dǎo)詞：從屬連詞that/whether/if（不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起到連接作用）, 連接代詞what/which/who/ whoever/whichever(做主語、賓語),連接副詞how/why/where/ when（做狀語） 2. She found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company. 考點(diǎn)：①with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)---構(gòu)成：with+ 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語 功能：在句中可作定語或狀語。賓語補(bǔ)足語可以由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)。 現(xiàn)在分詞：主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行 with + 賓語+ 過去分詞：被動(dòng)或已經(jīng)完成 動(dòng)詞不定式：尚未發(fā)生 ②“find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu) 現(xiàn)在分詞：主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行 find + 賓語+ 過去分詞：被動(dòng)或已經(jīng)完成 形容詞/副詞/介詞短語 find it +形容詞/名詞+to do（it 是形式賓語，to do是真正的賓語） 3. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people. 考點(diǎn)：在chance，ability，promise等抽象名詞后，在the first，the second，the last，the next，the only等詞和形容詞最高級(jí)后或在被這些詞修飾的名詞/代詞后，常用不定式作后置定語。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. The chance to go for a picnic has been ruined. 4. She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 考點(diǎn): ①兩個(gè)that都引導(dǎo)賓語從句 ②it 做形式主語，真正主語是to bridge… Discovering Useful Structures（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）---新課程p53 結(jié)構(gòu):have/has been done 用法：強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 時(shí)間狀語（時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞）：already, yet（已經(jīng)），recently/lately, since then, ever since(自那以來)， ever(曾經(jīng))， so far（迄今為止）， for a long time(很長一段時(shí)間) , by now （到現(xiàn)在為止）， in recent years(在最近幾年里)， in/during/ over the past/last years（在過去的幾年里） 短語: make a comment about對(duì)……做出評(píng)價(jià) Listening and Talking(p31) get in shape保持體形 keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……動(dòng)態(tài) bank account銀行賬戶 choose to do sth. 選擇做某事 Reading for Writing(p32) 短語: stay safe online安全上網(wǎng) teach sb. a thing or two 教會(huì)某人一些東西 golden rule 黃金法則 click on點(diǎn)擊 an excuse for doing sth.做某事的借口 be mean to sb.對(duì)面某人刻薄 mean comments惡意評(píng)論 make fun of取笑，戲弄 be familiar with 熟悉某事 give out泄露，透露 keep in mind 牢記 key terms關(guān)鍵術(shù)語 end by doing sth. 以做某事結(jié)束 stir up挑起，引起（不愉快的情緒或事態(tài)） 句子 However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 考點(diǎn)：the＋比較級(jí)(＋主句＋謂語)，the＋比較級(jí)(＋主句＋謂語) 越……，越…… Assessing your progress (p34) 短語:turn sth. upside down 把……翻得亂七八糟；給……造成大的變化 have sth. done使某事/物被…… face-to-face adj.做定語——face to face 面對(duì)面地，做狀語 Unit 4 History and Traditions Reading and Thinking 短語: solve puzzle解決難題 break away from脫離；背叛；逃脫 result in導(dǎo)致 full name全稱 shortened name簡(jiǎn)稱 be referred to as 把……稱為…… the World Cup世界杯 be surrounded by被……包圍 take over接管，掌管 left behind留下 keep one's eyes open留心，留意 be surprised to do sth. 很驚奇地做某事 When you look at a map, think first about what the map shows and what the symbols mean. 考點(diǎn)：what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，做主句中介詞about的賓語。what在從句中充當(dāng)show的賓語 2. The United Kingdom, Great Britain, England- many people are confused by what these different names mean. 考點(diǎn):what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，做主句中confused的賓語。what在從句中充當(dāng)mean的賓語。 3.They introduced the beginnings of English language and changed the way people build houses. 考點(diǎn):定語從句中，the way 做先行詞，關(guān)系詞用that/in which/省略。 4. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 考點(diǎn):使役動(dòng)詞have/make/get+賓語+賓補(bǔ) Discovering Useful Structures（過去分詞作定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語） v-ing 和 v-ed 的區(qū)別： v-ed與被修飾詞之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)。/完成 v-ing與被修飾詞之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，即主動(dòng)。/正在進(jìn)行 to do 表示準(zhǔn)備要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/目的 賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)公式：某些及物動(dòng)詞（感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞、表達(dá)要求和希望的詞， with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）+賓語（名詞/代詞）+賓補(bǔ)（說明賓語的動(dòng)作或身份、特征） 短語: a large number of…的數(shù)量 at the entrance of 在…的入口處 fix one’s eyes on 把注意力集中在……上 Reading for Writing have a great influence on對(duì)……有重大影響 a feast for the eyes 視覺盛宴 dotted with點(diǎn)綴著…… make up 組成，構(gòu)成 breath in 吸入 have a chance of doing sth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 stop by過去坐坐，順便造訪 introduce oneself to 向……做自我介紹 be likely to do 有可能做某事