注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What will the wman d tmrrw?
A. Dnate fr the charity. B. G n a charity walk. C. Visit the fld victims.
2. Hw much is the telephne bill this mnth?
A. $30. B. $100. C. $130.
3. What will the speakers prbably d next?
A. Turn ff the fan. B. Leave the ffice. C. Set ff the alarm.
4. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. In a hspital. C. Over the phne.
5. Why did the man wrk at the charity at first?
A. T help the hmeless. B. T d a cllege prject. C. T get wrk experience.
第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。
6. Hw lng has the man been in pain?
A. Fr five days. B. Fr ne week. C. Fr tw weeks.
7. Wh suggested the medicine t the man?
A. His friend. B. His dctr. C. His cach.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9題。
8. Where are the speakers nw?
A. In a café. B. In an ffice. C. In a classrm.
9. What des Jim d?
A. He is a lawyer. B. He is a teacher. C. He is an engineer.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12題。
10. Wh began t wrk after graduatin?
A. The wman’s brther. B. The wman’s mther. C. The wman’s father.
11. Where des the wman want t wrk?
A. At a junir schl. B. At a senir schl. C. At a university.
12. What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Make a list f her ptins.
B. Ask her teacher fr advice.
C. Try t change her father’s mind.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16題。
13. Where was the wman when the man saw her?
A. On the highway. B. In the travel agency. C. On the street.
14. Why didn’t the wman bk nline?
A. T help her sister.
B. T save sme mney.
C. T get mre infrmatin.
15. What is the wman’s main cncern abut her trip?
A. The lng flight. B. The htel quality. C. The fd in Thailand.
16. What des the man ffer t d fr the wman?
A. Take care f her cats. B. Buy her a gift. C. Water her plants.
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。
17. What seasn is it?
A. Summer. B. Fall. C. Winter.
18. What will the class d this afternn?
A. Visit the Sea Life Center.
B. Practice math and spelling.
C. Learn abut their science tpic.
19. Hw much will each student pay fr the trip?
A. ￡5.00. B. ￡10.00. C. ￡20.00.
20. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. A ntice abut a schl trip.
B. An intrductin t a new lessn.
C. A presentatin abut sea pllutin.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Hrses have always held a special place in the hearts f many famus artists. Let’s explre sme f the mst well-knwn paintings f hrses by famus artists.

Chinese Hrse at Lascaux Cave
This Chinese Hrse painting was first discvered in 1940 at the prehistric cave art sites, Lascaux, in France. The painting earned its name fr lking like the style f a Sung Chinese painting f a hrse. Early artists created their wn paintbrushes frm animal skin and hair and als emplyed a spray (噴灑) painting technique using a hllw (空心的) reed t blw pigment thrugh.

Whistlejacket
Whistlejacket depicts a life-sized racehrse against a plain backgrund. One f the mst unique features f this painting is that it des nt situate the hrse in any particular lcatin. Rather, it fcuses nly n the details and character f the hrse in questin. In a way, Stubbs captures the spirit f the hrse that suggests freedm f spirit, nt tied t any backgrund r envirnment, which makes this hrse painting quite special fr its time.

Hrse Frightened by Lightning
In Hrse Frightened by Lightning, a white hrse is frightened by the lightning, standing n its hind legs in a strm. The daring clr chices and detailed brushwrk captures the reactin f the animal with care, shwing panic and terrr. The unpleasant weather is highlighted by the strng cntrast created between the hrse and the dark black and gray cluds that cver the entire sky. The symblism fund in mst Rmantic hrse paintings includes themes f passin, pwer, nbility, and intense emtin.
1. What d we knw abut Chinese Hrse?
A. It emplyed clrs daringly.
B. It was painted n animal skins.
C. It was a Sung Chinese painting.
D. It used a spray painting apprach.
2. What theme is cmmnly fund in Rmantic hrse paintings?
A. Freedm f spirit.B. Strng emtin.
C. Cnnectin with animals.D. Pwer f nature.
3. Where might the text be taken frm?
A. An art magazine article.B. An art festival guide.
C. An art exhibitin pster.D. An art histry lecture.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了馬在許多著名藝術(shù)家的心中一直占有特殊的地位，文章重點(diǎn)介紹了一些著名藝術(shù)家最著名的馬畫。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chinese Hrse at Lascaux Cave中“Early artists created their wn paintbrushes frm animal skin and hair and als emplyed a spray (噴灑) painting technique using a hllw (空心的) reed t blw pigment thrugh.”（早期的藝術(shù)家們用動(dòng)物的皮膚和毛發(fā)制作了他們自己的畫筆，也采用了一種用中空蘆葦吹顏料的噴灑繪畫技術(shù)。）可知，中國馬畫使用了一種噴灑的方法。故選D項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hrse Frightened by Lightning中“The symblism fund in mst Rmantic hrse paintings includes themes f passin, pwer, nbility, and intense emtin.”（在大多數(shù)浪漫主義的馬畫中發(fā)現(xiàn)的象征主義包括激情、權(quán)力、高貴和強(qiáng)烈的情感。）可知，浪漫主義馬畫中常見的主題是強(qiáng)烈的情感。故選B項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Hrses have always held a special place in the hearts f many famus artists. Let’s explre sme f the mst well-knwn paintings f hrses by famus artists.”（馬在許多著名藝術(shù)家的心中一直占有特殊的地位。讓我們來探索一些著名藝術(shù)家最著名的馬畫。）可知，文章主要講的是一些著名藝術(shù)家最著名的馬畫。由此可推知，這篇文章可能出自一篇藝術(shù)雜志文章。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
While West Africa’s Benin appraches its rainy seasn, ccasinal shwers and sticky ht weather have dne little t lessen the enthusiasm f lcal villagers wh gathered t watch the first Benin Village Super League. Sccer teams frm tw villages in Paraku, a central city in Benin, cmpeted n a sccer field near the base f the Chinese supprt missin fr cttn prductin in Benin, in Belle Cite Village.
Fr the past decade, the China-assisted cttn technlgy prject has been active in Paraku, a majr cttn-prducing regin in Benin. The lng-term technical assistance has built strng relatinships with villagers. When the prject team learned that the frmer sccer field had been exprpriated (征用), they decided t build a new ne using agricultural machinery and recycled materials.
Last summer, vides f sme sccer matches in Rngjiang cunty, Suthwest China’s Guizhu prvince, went ppular and attracted wrldwide turists. Inspired by this, the Village Super League in Paraku includes cultural perfrmances during halftime, featuring Chinese martial arts and Beninese dance. “Lcals lve sccer and I wanted t bring this mdel here and set up a similar league,” said Shu Xiayng, head f the Chinese technical team.
Named the Friendship Ftball Field, the new facility was pened in March last year. It quickly became the preferred place fr sccer amng villagers in Belle Cite and nearby areas, hsting regular matches, especially during agricultural dwntimes.
As the turnament prgressed, its ppularity rse. Villagers frm surrunding areas traveled n mtrcycles with their children t watch the matches. Yves Kba, the head f Belle Cite Village, praised the Village Super League fr prmting (促進(jìn)) cmmunicatin and friendship amng villages. “The league has made us mre united. I hpe it cntinues and that ur villagers achieve even better results next year.”
4. What has caused excitement amng the villagers in Paraku?
A. The first village league.B. The China-assisted prject.
C. The newly-built ftball field.D. The start f the harvest seasn.
5 Fr what reasn was the Friendship Ftball Field built?
A. T attract wrldwide turists.B. T prvide a place fr sccer lvers.
C. T inspire lcals’ lve fr sccer.D. T bring Chinese culture int fcus.
6. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Hw ppular ftball is in Benin.
B. Hw the new ftball field was built.
C. What Benin Village Super League is like.
D. Why Chinese village league mdel was intrduced.
7. What des Yves Kba think f the Village Super League in Benin?
A. It brings in huge mney.B. It prmtes crss-cultural exchanges.
C. It frms a new traditin.D. It strengthens friendship amng villages.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在中國援助下，貝寧的一個(gè)村莊如何通過足球聯(lián)賽加強(qiáng)社區(qū)凝聚力和文化交流的故事。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“While West Africa’s Benin appraches its rainy seasn, ccasinal shwers and sticky ht weather have dne little t lessen the enthusiasm f lcal villagers wh gathered t watch the first Benin Village Super League.(雖然西非的貝寧即將進(jìn)入雨季，但偶爾的陣雨和悶熱的天氣絲毫沒有影響聚集在一起觀看第一屆貝寧鄉(xiāng)村超級(jí)聯(lián)賽的當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦臒崆?”可知，第一屆鄉(xiāng)村聯(lián)賽讓帕拉庫的村民感到興奮。故選A項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句““Lcals lve sccer and I wanted t bring this mdel here and set up a similar league,” said Shu Xiayng, head f the Chinese technical team.(“當(dāng)?shù)厝藷釔圩闱颍蚁氚堰@種模式帶到這里，建立一個(gè)類似的聯(lián)賽，”中國技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)人首曉勇說)”和第四段“Named the Friendship Ftball Field, the new facility was pened in March last year. It quickly became the preferred place fr sccer amng villagers in Belle Cite and nearby areas, hsting regular matches, especially during agricultural dwntimes.(這個(gè)名為“友誼足球場”的新設(shè)施于去年3月投入使用。它很快成為Belle Cite及附近地區(qū)村民的首選足球場地，定期舉辦比賽，特別是在農(nóng)閑時(shí)節(jié)。)”可知，建友誼足球場的目的是為足球愛好者提供一個(gè)場所。故選B項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Last summer, vides f sme sccer matches in Rngjiang cunty, Suthwest China’s Guizhu prvince, went ppular and attracted wrldwide turists. Inspired by this, the Village Super League in Paraku includes cultural perfrmances during halftime, featuring Chinese martial arts and Beninese dance. “Lcals lve sccer and I wanted t bring this mdel here and set up a similar league,” said Shu Xiayng, head f the Chinese technical team.(去年夏天，中國西南部貴州省榕江縣的一些足球比賽視頻變得非常流行，并吸引了來自世界各地的游客。受到這一點(diǎn)的啟發(fā)，帕拉庫的鄉(xiāng)村超級(jí)聯(lián)賽在中場休息時(shí)加入了文化表演，其中包括中國的武術(shù)和貝寧的傳統(tǒng)舞蹈?！爱?dāng)?shù)厝藷釔圩闱?，我想把這種模式帶到這里，建立一個(gè)類似的聯(lián)賽，”中國技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)人首曉勇說)”可知，第三段主要是說為什么要引進(jìn)中國鄉(xiāng)村聯(lián)賽模式。故選D項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Yves Kba, the head f Belle Cite Village, praised the Village Super League fr prmting (促進(jìn)) cmmunicatin and friendship amng villages. “The league has made us mre united. I hpe it cntinues and that ur villagers achieve even better results next year.”(Belle Cite村村長伊夫·科巴稱贊鄉(xiāng)村超級(jí)聯(lián)賽促進(jìn)了村莊之間的交流和友誼。“聯(lián)賽讓我們更加團(tuán)結(jié)。我希望它能繼續(xù)下去，我們的村民明年能取得更好的成績。”)”可知，科巴認(rèn)為聯(lián)賽加強(qiáng)了村莊之間的友誼。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Every year, travelers head t Suth America t be amazed at the vast glaciers, huge pen skies and high muntains. But at Omra Ethnbtanical Park n Tierra del Fueg, visitrs are encuraged t think small.
Tierra del Fueg, a remte island at the tip f Suth America, might ffer little in terms f animals and trees, but when it cmes t bryphytes (苔蘚植物), it is amng the richest crners f the planet. In the area that cvers less than 0.01% f the Earth’s land surface, mre than 5% f the wrld’s bryphyte species is fund.
On entering the park, yu’re given a magnifying lens (放大鏡). Guided by plant experts, yu are invited t get dwn n yur hands and knees t explre the little-knwn wrld f Tierra del Fueg’s “miniature frests” — the bryphytes that cver the rcks and trees. Fcus is key: as yu tipte thrugh the park, it is easy t miss r even step n them.
I wndered hw interesting msses culd be. But when I gt up clse, they started t cme t life. Shapes and clurs appeared that were nt visible t the naked eye. One plant was bright yellw, while anther was green with a bright red tip like a little hat.
One f the strangest plants is Old Man’s Beard, which lks like thin ndles and hangs ff the trees in webs. Accrding t my guide Lily Lewis, it plays an imprtant rle in the grwth f the frest, capturing nutrients (營養(yǎng)) and salts blwn in n the cean wind.
Old Man’s Beard is extremely vulnerable t pllutin, and has all but disappeared acrss much f the planet. But in Tierra del Fueg, where the air and rain are amng the cleanest n the planet, it grws wildly.
“The hand lens is yur entry pint int the wrld f the miniature frests,” Lewis said. “Lking thrugh a lens reminds yu that there are ther viewpints frm which we can see the wrld.”
8. Which title best describes Tierra del Fueg?
A. A wnderland fr tiny plants.B. A unique place fr rare species.
C. A tp destinatin fr hiking lvers.D. A remte land with different landscapes.
9. What quality is highly valued while explring Omra Ethnbtanical Park?
A. Curisity and creativity.B. Quickness and cnfidence.
C. Calmness and attentiveness.D. Determinatin and curage.
10. Which can best replace the underlined wrd “vulnerable”?
A. Sensitive.B. Adaptable.C. Beneficial.D. Resistant.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Ec-turism in Tierra del FuegB. An Encunter with Old Man’s Beard
C. A Tiny Frest n the Tip f the WrldD. Start Yur Jurney f Discvery, Nw!
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了火地島的奧莫拉民族植物公園里的苔蘚植物組成了一個(gè)微型森林世界。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Tierra del Fueg, a remte island at the tip f Suth America, might ffer little in terms f animals and trees, but when it cmes t bryphytes (苔蘚植物), it is amng the richest crners f the planet. In the area that cvers less than 0.01% f the Earth’s land surface, mre than 5% f the wrld’s bryphyte species is fund.(火地島是南美洲的一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)島嶼，在動(dòng)物和樹木方面可能很少，但說到苔蘚植物，它是地球上最豐富的角落之一。在地球陸地面積不到0.01%的地區(qū)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上超過5%的苔蘚植物物種)”可知，火地島雖小，但擁有世界上超過5%的苔蘚植物物種，“火地島是小植物的仙境”適合做標(biāo)題。故選A。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Fcus is key: as yu tipte thrugh the park, it is easy t miss r even step n them.(集中注意力是關(guān)鍵：當(dāng)你躡手躡腳地穿過公園時(shí)，很容易錯(cuò)過甚至踩到它們)”可知，在探索奧莫拉民族植物公園時(shí)，冷靜和專注是最重要的。故選C。
【10題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“But in Tierra del Fueg, where the air and rain are amng the cleanest n the planet, it grws wildly.(但在火地島，那里的空氣和雨水是地球上最干凈的，它瘋狂地生長)”以及劃線詞句“Old Man’s Beard is extremely vulnerable t pllutin, and has all but disappeared acrss much f the planet.(Old Man’s Beard對(duì)污染極其vulnerable，幾乎在地球的大部分地區(qū)都消失了)”可知，火地島環(huán)境非常好，Old Man’s Beard在火地島生長得很好，說明對(duì)污染很敏感，在地球上的大部分地區(qū)幾乎都消失了。故劃線詞意思是“敏感的”。故選A。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“On entering the park, yu’re given a magnifying lens (放大鏡). Guided by plant experts, yu are invited t get dwn n yur hands and knees t explre the little-knwn wrld f Tierra del Fueg’s “miniature frests” — the bryphytes that cver the rcks and trees.(一進(jìn)入公園，你就會(huì)得到一個(gè)放大鏡。在植物專家的指導(dǎo)下，您將被邀請(qǐng)跪下來探索火地島鮮為人知的“微型森林”世界——覆蓋在巖石和樹木上的苔蘚植物)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了火地島的奧莫拉民族植物公園里的苔蘚植物組成了一個(gè)微型森林世界?？芍珻選項(xiàng)“世界之巔的小森林”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。
D
The time fr actin is nw, at least when it cmes t climate change. If we dn’t take measures that limit glbal warming, it may be impssible t stp its prgress, accrding t a study published in 2018.
The study claims that in 2035, we will crss a pint f n return — after which it will be extremely unlikely that we can stp Earth’s temperature frm rising by 2 degrees Celsius (2℃) and kicking ff dangerus glbal disasters.
The 2℃ mark is very imprtant fr Earth’s well-being. Once the planet warms an additinal 2℃, scientists predict a range f disastrus effects, frm widespread flding in castal areas t burning heat waves and extreme strms.
One imprtant area that culd slw the mvement tward a pint f n return in 2035 is the changing frm fssil fuels(礦物燃料) t renewable energy surces. But even this will require significant prgress. Scientists have figured that the share f renewables wrldwide must grw by at least 2 percent each year in rder t slw the prcess tward climate change. Tw percent a year may nt sund like much, but in the 20 years leading up t 2017, the percentage f energy frm renewables grew by a pr ttal f 3.6 percent.
There is hpe, thugh. If the use f renewable energy were t g beynd the scientists’ mdel, say by 5 percent per each year, the climate change deadline (最后期限) culd mve back by at least a decade, the researchers nte. Als, develping technlgy t remve greenhuse gases frm the atmsphere culd help slw climate change. These gases change Earth’s atmsphere and allw it t capture mre heat frm the sun and cause temperatures t rise.
“We hpe that ‘having a deadline’ may stimulate the sense f urgency t act fr plicy makers,” Henk Dijkstra, ne f the study authrs, said. “Very little time is left.”
12. What might happen nce the Earth warms an additinal 2℃?
A. The climate system will be rebuilt.
B. Glbal warming is uncntrllable.
C. Natural disasters becme unavidable.
D. Timely actin will n lnger be necessary.
13. What des the underlined “this” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The advances f scientific research.
B. The shift frm fssil fuels t renewables.
C. The prcess f slwing dwn climate change.
D. The increase f public envirnmental awareness.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A The limitatin f scientists’ mdel.
B. Pssible slutins t slwing climate change.
C. The value f the ‘pint f n return’ cncept.
D. Serius effects f greenhuse gases n Earth.
15. Why d the researchers set a deadline?
A. T stress the need f glbal cperatin.
B. T call n peple t use renewable energy.
C. T urge plicy makers t take immediate actin.
D. T shw their determinatin t stp glbal warming.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要描述了全球變暖的發(fā)展趨勢和即將產(chǎn)生的危害，并敦促?zèng)Q策者要立即采取行動(dòng)加以應(yīng)對(duì)。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Once the planet warms an additinal 2℃, scientists predict a range f disastrus effects, frm widespread flding in castal areas t burning heat waves and extreme strms.”(科學(xué)家們預(yù)測，一旦地球溫度再升高2攝氏度，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生一系列災(zāi)難性的影響，從沿海地區(qū)的大范圍洪水到燃燒的熱浪和極端風(fēng)暴。)可知，一旦地球溫度再升高2℃，就很可能無法避免地發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害。故選C。
【13題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“One imprtant area that culd slw the mvement tward a pint f n return in 2035 is the changing frm fssil fuels(礦物燃料) t renewable energy surces.”(一個(gè)可能會(huì)減緩2035年走向不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的臨界點(diǎn)的重要領(lǐng)域，是從化石燃料到可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變。)和劃線詞所在句“But even this will require significant prgress.”(但甚至這樣也需要取得重大進(jìn)展。)可知，“this”指的是上句所提到的“the changing frm fssil fuels t renewable energy surces(從化石燃料到可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變)”，即the shift frm fssil fuels t renewables(從化石燃料到可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變)。故選B。
【14題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“If the use f renewable energy were t g beynd the scientists’ mdel, say by 5 percent per each year, the climate change deadline (最后期限) culd mve back by at least a decade, the researchers nte. Als, develping technlgy t remve greenhuse gases frm the atmsphere culd help slw climate change.”(研究人員指出，如果可再生能源的使用超過科學(xué)家的范例，比如每年增加5%，那么氣候變化的最后期限可能會(huì)推遲至少十年。此外，開發(fā)從大氣中去除溫室氣體的技術(shù)也有助于減緩氣候變化。)可知，該段主要講述了可能減緩氣候變化的解決方案。故選B。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段研究者Henk Dijkstra的話“We hpe that ‘having a deadline’ may stimulate the sense f urgency t act fr plicy makers,”(我們希望“設(shè)定最后期限”可能會(huì)激發(fā)決策者采取行動(dòng)的緊迫感)可知，研究者們設(shè)定最后期限是為了敦促?zèng)Q策者立即采取行動(dòng)。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
I wuld feel ashamed every time I receive a new package (包裹) n my drstep. I knw that buying new stuff is bad fr the planet. But every time I buy smething, I get sme happiness that’s hard t give up.
Recently a new bk has given me new insights: ____16____ It’s the way ur brains have evlved (進(jìn)化). And there may be a way t break the cycle.We are evlved frm simple rganisms that survived because their netwrks f nerve cells learned t repeat rewarding (有益的) decisins. Tday, we have billins f actin cells in the brain. They are always frming cnnectins t strengthen rewarding behavir. ____17____ We seek ut thse releases in dpamine, and at the same time repeat the actins that lead t them.
____18____ Maybe yu weren’t even thinking abut buying waterclr paints. Then smething reminded that yu like painting, and yu searched nline and fund they were less expensive than yu expected. When they arrived n yur drstep, they were better than yu thught. Yur brain will be drawn t repeat the behavir that gt yu smething unexpected and gd.
The best way t break the verbuying habits is nt t stp buying things cmpletely.
____19____ Imagine yu’ve frmed a habit f eating chclate befre bed fr cmfrt, even thugh yu knw yu dn’t need the calries. Yu can try having milk with cca pwder as a healthier replacement, which prvides similar cmfrt. Once yu start lsing weight, the reward f being able t fit int yur ld clthes will feel as gd as the chclate nce des. ____20____ Buying used items satisfies ur desire t acquire. It gives us the same gd feeling f an unexpected reward withut cnsuming mre resurces.
A. We need that same replacement fr shpping.
B. Whether that apprach wuld wrk is up fr debate.
C. Our brains especially like it, and release mre dpamine.
D. My desire t keep buying things isn’t necessarily a persnal fault.
E. In this prcess, dpamine is released, helping us learn hw t btain a reward.
F. The gd feeling cnnected t unexpected rewards is partly why we like shpping.
G. A better slutin may be t replace the ld, lng-term harmful rewards with new nes.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章分析了為什么人類喜歡購物以及如何改掉購物的習(xí)慣。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Recently a new bk has given me new insights (最近一本新書給了我新的見解)”以及后文“It’s the way ur brains have evlved (進(jìn)化).(這是我們大腦進(jìn)化的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，說明具體的見解內(nèi)容。 故D選項(xiàng)“我想不停地買東西并不一定是個(gè)人的錯(cuò)”符合語境，故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Tday, we have billins f actin cells in the brain. They are always frming cnnectins t strengthen rewarding behavir.(今天，我們的大腦中有數(shù)十億的活動(dòng)細(xì)胞。它們總是形成聯(lián)系來加強(qiáng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為)”以及后文“We seek ut thse releases in dpamine, and at the same time repeat the actins that lead t them.(我們尋找多巴胺的釋放，同時(shí)重復(fù)導(dǎo)致它們的行為)”可知，本句承接上文，說明細(xì)胞形成聯(lián)系加強(qiáng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為會(huì)釋放多巴胺。故E選項(xiàng)“在這個(gè)過程中，多巴胺被釋放，幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)如何獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”符合語境，故選E。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Maybe yu weren’t even thinking abut buying waterclr paints. Then smething reminded that yu like painting, and yu searched nline and fund they were less expensive than yu expected. When they arrived n yur drstep, they were better than yu thught. Yur brain will be drawn t repeat the behavir that gt yu smething unexpected and gd.(也許你根本沒想過買水彩顏料。然后有什么東西提醒你喜歡畫畫，你在網(wǎng)上搜索，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們比你想象的要便宜。當(dāng)它們來到你家門口時(shí)，它們比你想象的要好。你的大腦會(huì)被吸引去重復(fù)那些給你帶來意想不到的好東西的行為)”可知，本段主要分析了喜歡購物是因?yàn)榭梢詭砹己玫母杏X。故F選項(xiàng)“與意外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)相關(guān)的良好感覺是我們喜歡購物的部分原因”符合語境，故選F。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Imagine yu’ve frmed a habit f eating chclate befre bed fr cmfrt, even thugh yu knw yu dn’t need the calries. Yu can try having milk with cca pwder as a healthier replacement, which prvides similar cmfrt. Once yu start lsing weight, the reward f being able t fit int yur ld clthes will feel as gd as the chclate nce des.(想象一下，你已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了睡前吃巧克力的習(xí)慣，即使你知道你不需要卡路里。你可以嘗試用可可粉代替牛奶，這更健康，也能提供同樣的舒適感。一旦你開始減肥，能夠穿上舊衣服的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)就像巧克力曾經(jīng)給你的感覺一樣好)”可知，本段給出的建議是通過新的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來代替舊的不好的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故G選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)更好的解決辦法可能是用新的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)取代舊的、長期有害的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”符合語境，故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Buying used items satisfies ur desire t acquire. It gives us the same gd feeling f an unexpected reward withut cnsuming mre resurces.(購買二手物品滿足了我們的獲得欲望。它讓我們在不消耗更多資源的情況下獲得意想不到的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，后文提到了購買二手物品來代替購物，故A選項(xiàng)“我們需要同樣替代的品來購物”符合語境，故選A。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Gitanjali Ra is a sphmre (大二學(xué)生) and als an inventr. In her shrt life, she has used scientific creativity t ____21____ many real-wrld prblems.
Since Gitanjali was in 3rd grade, she has tried t address big scial prblems with her ____22____. It was then that she learned abut lead-plluted water, and the terrible impact it has n children’s ____23____. After lts f research, she managed t design a device that attaches t a mbile phne and can immediately identify ____24____ in water.
Gitanjali’s lve f real-wrld prblem slving did nt ____25____ there, hwever. Since then, she has als invented an app t help prevent cyberbullying. And an early warning system t catch drug addictin in yung adults.
Building n her experience, Gitanjali wants t ____26____ thers t use science and tech t slve big prblems. “I dn’t lk like yur ____27____ scientist. Everything I see n TV is that it’s usually an lder man as a scientist,” she said. “My gal has really shifted frm ____28____ my wn devices t slve prblems t inspiring thers t d the same as well. Because, frm persnal experience, it’s nt ____29____ when yu dn’t see anyne else like yu. S I really want t put ut that ____30____: “If I can d it, yu can d it, and anyne can d it.”
21. A. meet withB. fcus nC. learn frmD. deal with
22. A. prjectsB. teamsC. talentsD. plans
23. A. healthB. educatinC. creativityD. behavir
24. A. leadB. drugsC. micrplasticD. minerals
25. A. lieB. endC. wrkD. reach
26. A. teachB. inspireC. adviseD. remind
27. A. successfulB. seriusC. mdernD. typical
28. A. fixingB. testingC. creatingD. using
29. A. funB. easyC. helpfulD. cmfrtable
30. A. messageB. challengeC. theryD. summary
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了大二學(xué)生Gitanjali Ra用自己的發(fā)明解決社會(huì)問題的故事。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在她短暫的一生中，她運(yùn)用科學(xué)創(chuàng)造力解決了許多現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。A. meet with遇見；B. fcus n集中注意力于；C. learn frm從……中學(xué)習(xí)；D. deal with處理，解決。結(jié)合空后“many real-wrld prblems”以及下文“address big scial prblems”可知，Gitanjali Ra用創(chuàng)意解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，故選D。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從Gitanjali上三年級(jí)以來，她就試圖用自己的才能解決重大的社會(huì)問題。A. prjects項(xiàng)目，工程；B. teams團(tuán)隊(duì)；C. talents才能，天賦；D. plans計(jì)劃。根據(jù)上文“she has used scientific creativity”可知，她用科學(xué)創(chuàng)意解決問題，即自己的才能，故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，她了解到鉛污染的水，以及它對(duì)兒童健康的可怕影響。A. health健康；B. educatin教育；C. creativity創(chuàng)造力；D. behavir行為。根據(jù)上文“she learned abut lead-plluted water”可知，她了解到鉛污染的水，應(yīng)是對(duì)兒童的健康產(chǎn)生影響，故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過大量的研究，她設(shè)法設(shè)計(jì)了一種可以附著在手機(jī)上的設(shè)備，可以立即識(shí)別水中的鉛。A. lead鉛；B. drugs藥物，毒品；C. micrplastic微塑料；D. minerals礦物質(zhì)。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ead-plluted water”可知，她是要解決鉛污染的問題，故她發(fā)明的設(shè)備可以檢測水中的鉛，故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Gitanjali對(duì)解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題的熱愛并沒有就此結(jié)束。A. lie平躺，撒謊；B. end結(jié)束；C. wrk工作；D. reach到達(dá)。結(jié)合下文“Since then, she has als invented an app t help prevent cyberbullying.”可知，她對(duì)解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題的熱愛并沒有就此結(jié)束，故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：基于她的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，Gitanjali希望激勵(lì)其他人使用科學(xué)技術(shù)來解決大問題。A. teach教；B. inspire鼓舞，激勵(lì)；C. advise建議；D. remind提醒。根據(jù)下文“inspiring thers t d the same as well”可知，她希望激勵(lì)其他人使用科學(xué)技術(shù)來解決大問題，故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我看起來不像典型的科學(xué)家。A. successful成功的；B. serius嚴(yán)肅的；C. mdern現(xiàn)代的；D. typical典型的。根據(jù)下文“Everything I see n TV is that it’s usually an lder man as a scientist”可知，科學(xué)家通常是年紀(jì)較大的人，Gitanjali是一名大二的學(xué)生，故看起來不像典型的科學(xué)家，故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的目標(biāo)已經(jīng)從創(chuàng)造自己的設(shè)備來解決問題轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧?lì)其他人也這樣做。A. fixing修理；B. testing測試；C. creating創(chuàng)造；D. using使用。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及文章首句中“an inventr”可知，Gitanjali是一名發(fā)明家，故發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造設(shè)備來解決問題，故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)?，從我個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看，當(dāng)你看不到和你一樣的人時(shí)，這并不容易。A. fun有趣的；B. easy容易的；C. helpful有幫助的；D. cmfrtable舒服的。根據(jù)上文“inspiring thers t d the same as well”以及空后“when yu dn’t see anyne else like yu”可知，Gitanjali想要激勵(lì)其他人也這樣做，說明只靠個(gè)人發(fā)明來解決問題很困難，所以她希望有更多人和她一樣，故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我真的很想傳達(dá)這樣的信息：“如果我能做到，你也能做到，任何人都能做到?！盇. message信息；B. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C. thery理論；D. summary總結(jié)。根據(jù)“If I can d it, yu can d it, and anyne can d it.”可知，Gitanjali想要向大家傳遞這樣的信息：如果我能做到，你也能做到，任何人都能做到。故選A。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinese shadw puppetry (皮影戲) is prbably ne f the mst ancient arts using light and shadw.
Generally, shadw puppetry is a ____31____ (cmbine) f varius art frms invlving painting, carving, music, pera perfrmance and stry-telling. Dating back t the Han Dynasty, shadw puppetry reached its glden age in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, it ____32____ (perfrm) in almst every prvince, and at varius celebratins, ranging ____33____ weddings t festival celebratins.
It is nt an easy jb t make the puppets (木偶) ____34____ (use) in perfrmances. Mst f them are made f leathers, ____35____ must be carefully selected and repeatedly plished and prcessed befre they are ready fr carving the puppets. When the leathers becme transparent, fine and smth enugh, the artists wuld paint the characters n them, and then carve them ut with tls.
The bdy parts f the puppets are separately cut ut and jined tgether, s that they culd have as much as 24 mvable jints (關(guān)節(jié)). Perfrmers hld them with sticks cnnected t ____36____ (they) mst imprtant jints during the perfrmances, s that the puppets culd be shwn as “____37____ (mve) images” n the screens.
With ____38____ rise f varius frms f entertainment, shadw puppetry has been lsing its shine. Hwever, lcal artists acrss China ____39____ (explre) ways t help it survive. In 2011, Chinese shadw puppetry was added t UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, thus ____40____ (breathe) new life int the ancient art frm.
【答案】31. cmbinatin
32. was perfrmed
33. frm 34. used
35. which 36. their
37. mving 38. the
39. have been explring
40. breathing
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文體裁為說明文。文章主要介紹了中國皮影戲這一古老藝術(shù)形式的歷史、制作過程、表演方式以及當(dāng)前面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和保護(hù)措施。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：一般來說，皮影戲是涉及繪畫、雕刻、音樂、戲劇表演和講故事的各種藝術(shù)形式的結(jié)合。空處用名詞cmbinatin“結(jié)合”作表語，結(jié)合空前的a可知，用單數(shù)形式，作表語。故填cmbinatin。
【32題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，它幾乎在每個(gè)省份和各種慶?；顒?dòng)中表演，包括婚禮和節(jié)日慶典。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語At that time可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，主語it和動(dòng)詞perfrm“表演”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填was perfrmed。
【33題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，它幾乎在每個(gè)省份和各種慶?；顒?dòng)中表演，包括婚禮和節(jié)日慶典。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處應(yīng)填介詞frm，range 表示“范圍從……到……”。故填frm。
【34題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：制作用于表演的木偶并不是一件容易的事。本句系動(dòng)詞為is，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，且puppets與use“使用”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，修飾名詞puppets。故填used。
【35題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：大多數(shù)皮影戲木偶是用皮革制成的，這些皮革必須經(jīng)過精心挑選，并在雕刻木偶之前反復(fù)打磨和加工?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是leathers，指物，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【36題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：在表演過程中，表演者用連接在他們最重要關(guān)節(jié)上的棍子拿著木偶，這樣木偶就可以在屏幕上作為“移動(dòng)的圖像”顯示出來。空處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞their，修飾mst imprtant jints。故填their。
【37題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：在表演過程中，表演者用連接在他們最重要關(guān)節(jié)上的棍子拿著木偶，這樣木偶就可以在屏幕上作為“移動(dòng)的圖像”顯示出來?？仗帒?yīng)用形容詞mving“移動(dòng)的”，修飾名詞images，作前置定語。故填mving。
【38題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：隨著各種娛樂形式的興起，皮影戲逐漸失去了光彩?？仗帒?yīng)填定冠詞the，表示特指。故填the。
【39題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，中國各地的當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家正在探索幫助它生存的方法。explre“探索”這一動(dòng)作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，句子時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has been ding，又因主語artists是復(fù)數(shù)，所以助動(dòng)詞用have。故填have been explring。
【40題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：2011年，中國皮影戲被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄，從而為這一古老的藝術(shù)形式注入了新的活力。breathe new life int“給……注入新的活力”。本句謂語為was added t，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，空處應(yīng)用breathe的現(xiàn)在分詞，作結(jié)果狀語。故填breathing。
第三節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母將單詞的完整形式寫在答題卡上。
41. My heart s______ (下沉) when I heard the bad news.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】sank##ank
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我聽到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，我的心一沉。根據(jù)首字母和漢語提示可知，表示“下沉”可用動(dòng)詞sink，作句子的謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下文的從句謂語動(dòng)詞heard可知，本句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，所以此處用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式sank。故填sank。
42. The animal was a f______ (經(jīng)常性的) subject fr artists. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】frequent##requent
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這種動(dòng)物是藝術(shù)家們經(jīng)常創(chuàng)作的題材。根據(jù)中英文提示可知，frequent“經(jīng)常性的”，形容詞，作定語修飾名詞subject，故填frequent。
43. Electricity was c_______ (傳導(dǎo)) thrugh string t the key. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】cnducted##nducted
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：電是通過繩子傳導(dǎo)到鑰匙上的。根據(jù)中英文提示可知，空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞cnduct“傳導(dǎo)”，句子是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，空處使用過去分詞形式，故填cnducted。
44. The teacher said nthing, m______ (僅僅) smiled and watched her. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】merely##erely
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：老師什么也沒說，僅僅微笑著看著她。根據(jù)首字母提示m和漢語提示“僅僅”可知，此處使用副詞merely，作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞smiled and watched。故填merely。
45. Mre peple want t prtect sharks frm e______ (滅絕) nwadays. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】extinctin##xtinctin
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在越來越多的人想要保護(hù)鯊魚免于滅絕。根據(jù)中英文提示可知應(yīng)用名詞extinctin“滅絕”，作frm的賓語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填extinctin。
46. Perhaps yur friends want sme f______ (坦誠的) cmments frm yu. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】frank##rank
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：也許你的朋友們想要你一些坦誠的評(píng)論。空處應(yīng)填形容詞frank“坦誠的”，作前置定語，修飾名詞cmments。故填frank。
47. A punch line c______ (結(jié)束) a jke and is intended t make peple laugh. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】cncludes##ncludes
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：笑話的結(jié)尾是一句妙語，目的是讓人發(fā)笑。根據(jù)中英文提示可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞cnclude“結(jié)束”，作句子的謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后文is可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語A punch line為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填cncludes。
48. Digging wells is a gd way t slve the prblem f water s______ (短缺). (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】shrtage##hrtage
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：打井是解決缺水問題一個(gè)好辦法。根據(jù)句意和漢語提示可知，空格處應(yīng)該用名詞shrtage作介詞f的賓語。故填shrtage。
49. Ging dwn nt the platfrm is like jumping int a vlcan that’s e______ (噴發(fā)). (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】erupting##rupting
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：下到站臺(tái)上就像跳進(jìn)一座正在噴發(fā)的火山。根據(jù)中英文提示可知，erupt“噴發(fā)”，動(dòng)詞，從句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，空處使用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填erupting。
50. He perfrmed beynd everyne’s e______ (預(yù)料，預(yù)期) with his cntinuus effrts. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】expectatins##xpectatins
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他用不斷的努力讓他的表現(xiàn)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。根據(jù)“everyne’s”可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞，作賓語；根據(jù)中英文提示，expectatin，表示“期待、預(yù)期”，為可數(shù)名詞，這里指超出所有人的預(yù)期，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填expectatins。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié) （滿分20分）
51. 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容寫一篇80詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
A new study has fund that traffic nise pllutin hlds back grwth in baby birds, even while inside the egg. Unhatched (未孵化) birds and newbrn chicks that are expsed (暴露) t nise frm city traffic suffer frm lng-term negative effects n their health, grwth and reprductin (繁殖).
“Sund has a much strnger and mre direct impact n bird develpment than we knew befre,” said Dr Mylene Mariette, a bird cmmunicatin expert and a c-authr f the study. “It wuld be wise t wrk mre t reduce nise pllutin.”
Previus research has suggested that nise pllutin causes stress t birds and makes cmmunicatin harder fr them. Hwever, it is still unclear whether birds are stressed by nise at a yung age r even befre hatched.
Mariette’s team expsed bird eggs fr five days t either silence, calming recrdings f bird sngs, r recrdings f city traffic nises such as lud mtrs and cars driving past. They did the same with newbrn chicks fr abut fur hurs a night fr up t 13 nights.
They nticed that the bird eggs were almst 20% less likely t hatch if expsed t traffic nise. The chicks that did hatch were mre than 10% smaller and almst 15% lighter than the thers.
When the team examined their red bld cells and their telmeres — a piece f DNA that shrtens with stress and age — they were mre weakened and shrter than birds that were nt expsed t nise
The effects cntinued even after the chicks were n lnger expsed t nise pllutin, and carried ver int their reprductive age fur years later. The birds disturbed by nise during the early stages f their lives prduced fewer than half as many ffspring (后代) as thse that were nt expsed t nise.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin：
A recent study prves that traffic nise expsure in baby birds directly interferes with their develpment, which causes severe and lng-lasting harm t thse chicks. T figure ut whether birds are stressed by nise at a yung age r even befre hatching, researchers expsed bird eggs and hatchlings t silence, bird sngs, r traffic nises, and fund that expsure t traffic nise reduced hatching success by 20%, and the chicks were smaller, lighter and weaker. Additinally, these negative effects extended t the birds’ reprductive success later in life.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，最近的一項(xiàng)研究證明，雛鳥接觸交通噪音會(huì)直接干擾它們的發(fā)育，對(duì)雛鳥造成嚴(yán)重而持久的傷害。為了弄清楚鳥類在幼年甚至在孵化前是否會(huì)受到噪音的壓力，研究人員將鳥蛋和雛鳥暴露在寂靜、鳥鳴或交通噪音中，發(fā)現(xiàn)交通噪音使孵化成功率降低了20%，雛鳥更小、更輕、更弱。此外，這些負(fù)面影響延伸到鳥類以后的繁殖成功。
【詳解】1.要點(diǎn)摘錄
①A new study has fund that traffic nise pllutin hlds back grwth in baby birds, even while inside the egg. Unhatched (未孵化的) birds and newbrn chicks that are expsed (暴露) t nise frm city traffic suffer frm lng-term negative effects n their health, grwth and reprductin (繁殖).
②Hwever, it is still unclear whether birds are stressed by nise at a yung age r even befre hatched.
③Mariette’s team expsed bird eggs fr five days t either silence, calming recrdings f bird sngs, r recrdings f city traffic nises such as lud mtrs and cars driving past. They did the same with newbrn chicks fr abut fur hurs a night fr up t 13 nights.
④They nticed that the bird eggs were almst 20% less likely t hatch if expsed t traffic nise. The chicks that did hatch were mre than 10% smaller and almst 15% lighter than the thers.
⑤The effects cntinued even after the chicks were n lnger expsed t nise pllutin, and carried ver int their reprductive age fur years later.
⑥The birds disturbed by nise during the early stages f their lives prduced fewer than half as many ffspring (后代) as thse that were nt expsed t nise.
2.縝密構(gòu)思
將第1個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總說，將第2、3、4三個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行概括總結(jié)，5、6兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)概括總結(jié)。
3.遣詞造句
A recent study prves that traffic nise expsure in baby birds directly interferes with their develpment, which causes severe and lng-lasting harm t thse chicks.
T figure ut whether birds are stressed by nise at a yung age r even befre hatching, researchers expsed bird eggs and hatchlings t silence, bird sngs, r traffic nises, and fund that expsure t traffic nise reduced hatching success by 20%, and the chicks were smaller, lighter and weaker.
Additinally, these negative effects extended t the birds’ reprductive success later in life.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] A recent study prves that traffic nise expsure in baby birds directly interferes with their develpment, which causes severe and lng-lasting harm t thse chicks. (運(yùn)用that引導(dǎo)賓語從句和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句對(duì)原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括)
[高分句型2] T figure ut whether birds are stressed by nise at a yung age r even befre hatching, researchers expsed bird eggs and hatchlings t silence, bird sngs, r traffic nises, and fund that expsure t traffic nise reduced hatching success by 20%, and the chicks were smaller, lighter and weaker. (用不定式作目的狀語、whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和that引導(dǎo)賓語從句對(duì)第二段、第三段和第四段進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)非常高級(jí))
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
52. 假定你是李華，上周你組建某志愿團(tuán)隊(duì)，并成功開展相關(guān)志愿活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你在英語課上分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 克服的困難；
2. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右（開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Last week, we set up a vlunteer grup, aimed at...
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Last week, we set up a vlunteer grup, aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and scial skills thrugh arts, music therapy, and simple games.
One majr challenge we faced was recruiting members wh were bth devted and available. Many students were interested, but they had cnflicting schedules. T reslve this, we held nline meetings and reached ut t mre members. Anther challenge was learning hw t interact effectively with autistic children. Luckily, we received sme special training frm lcal experts.
This jurney taught me patience, empathy, and the value f cmmunity service. It als deepened my understanding f teamwrk and leadership, which invlve listening, supprting, and smetimes stepping back t let thers take the lead.
In shrt, it has been a rewarding experience filled with challenges and grwth.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。上周你組建某志愿團(tuán)隊(duì)，并成功開展相關(guān)志愿活動(dòng)，要求考生在英語課上分享這次經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
解決：reslve→deal with
舉行：hld→hst
有益的：rewarding→beneficial
總之：in shrt→all in all
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Many students were interested, but they had cnflicting schedules.
拓展句：Althugh many students were interested, they had cnflicting schedules.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] One majr challenge we faced was recruiting members wh were bth devted and available. (運(yùn)用了wh引導(dǎo)定語從句)
[高分句型2] It als deepened my understanding f teamwrk and leadership, which invlve listening, supprting, and smetimes stepping back t let thers take the lead. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)
1~5 BCBCC 6~10 CABAA 11~15 CCBAA 16~20 ABBBB

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這是一份山東省威海市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（原卷版+解析版），文件包含山東省威海市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題原卷版docx、山東省威海市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共36頁， 歡迎下載使用。

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