【開學(xué)考】2024秋高二上冊開學(xué)摸底考試卷高二上冊開學(xué)摸底考試卷英語（上海專用）.zip-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：140分）
注意事項：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
I.Listening Cmprehensin（第1-10題, 每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．A plicewman.B．A judge.C．A reprter.D．A waitress.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: What can I d fr yu, sir?
M: I want t reprt a theft. My briefcase was stlen.
Q: Wh is mst prbably the wman?
2．A．Catch the train. B．Meet Jane.
C．Get sme statinery.D．Clean the backyard.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: Wuld yu please help me clean the back yard tday?
M: Sure. I am picking Jane up frm the railway statin at 3, but I will help yu as sn as I get back.
Q: What will the man d first?
3．A．Amused.B．Embarrassed.C．Shcked.D．Sympathetic.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: I’ve declined their ffer t exhibit sme f my paintings in this gallery.
M: Are yu kidding? Any art student I knw wuld die t have an exhibitin here.
Q: Hw des the man feel n hearing the wman’s decisin?
4．A．7:30B．7:40C．7:50D．8:00
【答案】B
【原文】
M: It’s already 7:30. Shall we g nw? The play will start in half an hur.
W: N wrries. It just takes us 10 minutes t walk t the theatre.
Q: Accrding t the wman, when can they arrive at the theatre if they leave nw?
5．A．Wrk with her clleagues. B．Make cffee fr thers.
C．Stay alne in the ffice.D．Scialize with her c-wrkers.
【答案】D
【原文】
M: What d yu usually d in the lunch hur?
W: I used t have lunch alne, but nw, I like t make it mre scial, t have a cffee, and things like that, s I ften g with clleagues frm wrk.
Q: What des the wman usually d in the lunch hur?
6．A．Have a jb interview. B．Make ant advertisement.
C．Open the letter bx.D．Buy a cpy f Daily Mail.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: Hell, I’m calling t ask abut the psitin advertised in Friday’s Daily Mail.
W: Yes. The psitin is still pen. Yu culd cme ver and have a talk with us.
Q: What will the man mst prbably d next?
A．Salesman and custmer. B．Father and daughter.
C．Bss and secretary.D．Dctr and patient.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Shall I check the e-mails fr yu, Mr. Andersn?
M: N, thanks. I did that myself this mrning.
Q: What is the mst prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A．The restaurant wasn’t very crwded. B．The meal was very expensive.
C．The magazine wasn’t very interesting. D．The fd wasn’t very gd.
【答案】D
【原文】
M: Are yu ging t trust the restaurant critic again? That didn't taste anything like the meal we had in Paris.
W: It definitely wasn't wrth the wait.
Q: What des the wman imply?
9．A．The meeting was annunced tday. B．She’ll make the call later.
C．There wn’t be a meeting tmrrw.D．She has cnfirmed everything.
【答案】C
【原文】
M: Has tmrrw's meeting been cnfirmed?
W: Ah, I was tld it's been called ff.
Q: What des the wman mean?
A．The membership f the gym is n lnger valid.
B．The wman is really tired f that gym.
C．The wman went t that gym nly nce.
D．The wman has never gne t that gym.
【答案】C
【原文】
M: I hear that yu have a membership in that gym. Hw is it?
W: Srry, t tell yu the truth, I was tired ut the first time there and never went back there again.
Q: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B. yu will hear tw shrt passages several and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f them. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．70B．20C．25.D．75
12．A．The huses there can't be sld B．It is a place fr wrk and hliday.
C．the cabins and facilities are share. D．It is run by the residents themselves.
13．A．A skiing resrt.B．A special cmmunity.
C．A splendid muntain.D．A successful businesswman.
【答案】11．C 12．D 13．B
【原文】
Abut 70 miles nrtheast f Vancuver is ne f Canada’s mst beautiful turist regins. Visitrs cme t enjy fishing, skiing r the splendid muntain scenery. Over 20 years ag, Christi bne, a successful businesswman came here and funded Paradise Ridge, a cabin park. She said I wanted t live smewhere everybdy knws everybdy else and all yur prblems are shared. Paradise Ridge is nw hme t 25 families. Each family wns their wn small cabin. But they share the wnership f the park and the cmmn facilities. This is a really living cmmunity and residents aren’t allwed t use their cabin as a hliday hme. The heart f the Paradise Ridge cmmunity is a large huse. Shared meals take place 3 times a week and nce a mnth there’s a meeting when imprtant decisins are made. Families can sell their hmes if they want t leave, but the whle cmmunity must vte n new families befre they are allwed t jin. “Keeping the cmmunity tgether is hard wrk” says Christi, “Everybdy has t take respnsibility fr the day t day running f the cmmunity, but it seems there is n shrtage f the families wh want t jin. There are 75 n the waiting list.”
Questins:
11. Hw many families are living in the Paradise Ridge nw?
12. What is special abut Paradise Ridge?
13. What is the passage mainly abut?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．Recgnizing ne’s abilities. B．Analyzing ne’s strengths and weaknesses.
C．Matching ne’s abilities t jb vacancies. D．Presenting ne’s abilities t future emplyers.
15．A．Finding ut what they can d abut the emplyer. B．Aviding asking unsure questins.
C．Arriving as early as they can. D．Answering questins in a plite way.
16．A．Graduates frm famus universities.B．Determined, skilled and able peple.
C．Capable and mdest peple.D．Peple with much wrk experience.
【答案】14．C 15．A 16．B
【原文】
Mst career rganizatins highlight three stages fr graduates t fllw in the prcess f securing a suitable career: recgnizing abilities, matching these t available vacancies and presenting them well t emplyers.
Jb seekers have t make a careful assessment f their wn abilities. One area f assessment shuld be f their academic qualificatins. Graduates shuld als cnsider their wn persnal values and attitudes, r the relative imprtance t themselves f such matters as mney, security, leadership and caring fr thers.
The secnd stage is t study the pprtunities available fr emplyment and t think abut hw the general emplyment situatin is likely t develp in the future. After studying varius ptins, they shuld be in a psitin t make infrmed cmparisns between varius careers.
Gd persnal presentatin is essential in the search fr a gd career. Jb applicatin frms and letters shuld, f curse, be filled in carefully and crrectly. When additinal infrmatin is asked fr, jb seekers shuld describe their abilities and wrk experience in mre depth, with examples if pssible. When graduates are asked t attend an interview, they shuld prepare prperly by finding ut all they can abut the emplyer. Interviewees shuld try t give psitive and helpful answers and shuld nt be afraid t ask questins abut anything they are unsure abut. This is much better than pretending t understand a questin and giving an unsuitable answer.
There will be gd career pprtunities fr peple with ability, skills and determinatin; the secret t securing a gd jb is t be ne f thse peple.
Questins:
14. What is the secnd stage fr graduates t fllw in seeking a suitable career?
15. What is imprtant fr interviewees when attending an interview?
16. What kind f peple can secure a gd jb accrding t the passage?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．Running a cffee shp.B．Managing cnferences.
C．Writing articles fr a magazine.D．Wrking fr a restaurant.
18．A．T apply fr a bank lan.B．T invest in his business.
C．T find a place fr his cafeteria.D．T enjy a music cncert with him.
19．A．￡25,000.B．￡12,500.C．￡10,000.D．￡50,000.
20．A．Have a talk with Rb.B．Lk at the business plan.
C．Learn hw t set up a business.D．Calculate the prfit Rb has made.
【答案】17．C 18．B 19．D 20．B
【原文】
W: S, hw did the cnference g? Did they like yur talk?
M: Er, yes, I think s. Nbdy walked ut, anyway.
W: Well, that’s gd. S, urn, yu said that yu had smething interesting t tell me.
M: Er, yeah. I had dinner with Rb last night.
W: Yes, yu said. Hw’s he ding?
M: Well, he’s self-emplyed nw—a magazine clumnist, that srt f thing. But Rb tld me that he was planning t set up his wn business.
W: Really? What kind f business?
M: He wants t pen a cffee shp. Yu knw, with sfas, newspapers, gd music, healthy fd, Wi-Fi—smewhere yu can really relax.
W: Oh, right.
M: And here’s the thing. Rb asked me if I wanted t g int business with him.
W: S why des he need yu?
M: He’s lking fr smene t invest in the business. He said he culd raise half f the mney and he wanted t knw whether I culd cme up with the ther half.
W: Hw much exactly?
M: Twenty-five thusand punds.
W: What?! Where n earth are we ging t get that kind f mney?
M: Well, we’ve gt ten thusand saved up, and we culd, urn, take ut a bank lan fr the rest. W: I’m nt sure. It’s a huge risk.
M: Well, I asked hw lng it wuld take fr the business t make a prfit. He thught abut six mnths, maybe less.
W: Des Rb knw anything abut setting up a business?
M: I think s. Lk, he’s given me a cpy f his business plan. We can g thrugh it tgether this evening, if yu like.
Questins
17.What is Rb ding t make a living?
18.What des Rb invite the man t d?
19.Hw much des Rb need in all t begin his wn business?
20.What des the man suggest he and the wman d tnight?
II.Grammar and Vcabulary（每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Mdifying Yur Memries
It has always been thught that the purpse f ur memry is t file away and later allw us t recall everything that happens in ur lives, like a 21 (recrd) device. When we recall a memry, we g int the brain library, take ut a file, lk at it and then put it back 22 it was. The files may get a little dust y ver the years, but they are always there and they never change.
Hwever, new research shws this understanding f memry is nt that accurate. What memry is 23 (redefine). T start with, there is n central memry bank; elements f memries are stred separately 24 each ther s that things related t a particular memry — the smells, sunds, emtins, physical tuch, pictures, etc. — are held in different areas f the brain, and it is nly in the act f recalling that they are all brught tgether. 25 researchers hld t be true nw is that every time we recall a memry, aspects f that memry can change slightly. This means memries are 26 (flexible) than previusly thught. The parallel wuld be mre like bringing up a file n the cmputer, mdifying and then saving 27 again.
This understanding has been crucial in enabling scientists t erase and replace memries in quite innvative ways. On a psitive nte, this is paving the way fr new treatments f disrders, like depressin and alchl addictin. In a recent study, a muse is put int a ttally new, empty envirnment 28 depresses it and leads it t refuse t mve. A switch n a laser machine intrduces a previusly happy memry t the muse and it runs arund 29 (satisfy), shwing relaxed, nrmal behavir. Science fictin? N, nt at all. It’s happening here and nw. The impssible is becming pssible 30 (fulfill).
【參考答案】
recrding 22．where 23．has been redefined 24．Frm 25．What
26．mre flexible 27．it 28．which/that 29．satisfied 30．t fulfill
【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，記憶的元素彼此分開存儲，只有在回憶的過程中，它們才被整合在一起，每次我們回憶起一段記憶時，記憶的某些方面都會發(fā)生輕微的變化。這種理解對于科學(xué)家以相當創(chuàng)新的方式消除和替換記憶至關(guān)重要。文章對此進行了詳細介紹。
【詳情解析】
21．考查動名詞。句意：人們一直認為，記憶的目的是將生活中發(fā)生的每一件事歸檔，然后讓我們回憶起來，就像一臺記錄裝置。a recrding device意為“記錄裝置”，此處應(yīng)用動名詞作定語表示用途和功能。故填recrding。
22．考查狀語從句。句意：當我們回憶起一段記憶時，我們進入大腦庫，拿出一個文件，看一看，然后把它放回原來的地方?！? it was”是地點狀語從句，根據(jù)句意，表示“(它原來所在的)地方”，應(yīng)用連詞where引導(dǎo)該從句。故填where。
23．考查現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：記憶是什么被重新定義了。動詞redefine意為“重新定義”，和主語從句what memry is構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。此處表示動作發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生結(jié)果或影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語為從句，謂語應(yīng)用三單形式。故填has been redefined。
24．考查介詞。句意：首先，沒有中央記憶庫；記憶的元素彼此分開存儲，因此與特定記憶相關(guān)的東西——氣味、聲音、情感、身體接觸、圖片等——被保存在大腦的不同區(qū)域，只有在回憶的過程中，它們才被整合在一起。separately frm each ther意為“彼此分開”，此處應(yīng)用介詞frm。故填frm。
25．考查主語從句。句意：研究人員現(xiàn)在認為，每次我們回憶起一段記憶時，記憶的某些方面都會發(fā)生輕微的變化。在主語從句中缺少賓語，且是指事物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what。句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填What。
26．考查比較級。句意：這意味著記憶比我們之前認為的更靈活。根據(jù)“than previusly thught”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級mre flexible表示“更靈活的”作表語。故填mre flexible。
27．考查代詞。句意：這種并行更像是在計算機上打開一個文件，修改然后再次保存它。代指前文中的a file應(yīng)用代詞it。故填it。
28．考查定語從句。句意：在最近的一項研究中，把一只老鼠放在一個全新的、空曠的環(huán)境中，使它感到沮喪，并導(dǎo)致它拒絕移動。在定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為envirnment，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或that。故填which/that。
29．考查形容詞。句意：激光機器上的一個開關(guān)給老鼠帶來了以前快樂的記憶，老鼠就會滿意地到處跑，表現(xiàn)出放松、正常的行為。根據(jù)“shwing relaxed, nrmal behavir”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞satisfied表示“滿意的”作狀語。故填satisfied。
30．考查動詞不定式。句意：不可能變成了可能。becme pssible t d意為“變得可能做某事”，此處應(yīng)用t d不定式。動詞fulfill意為“實現(xiàn)”。故填fulfill。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The summer heat has reached its breaking pint fr a grup f high schl students in Wales, as the bys decided t prtest their schl’s strict unifrm plicy which 31 wearing shrts n matter what weather, by shwing up t schl in skirts.
After they 32 t the bathrm t change int all-black skirts, seventeen White church High Schl students emerged wearing skirts n campus, and they 33 in the campaign t resist the custmary unifrm trusers. The bys’ 34 was less an act f plitically urged civil disbedience than it was a way t beat the heat.
While nne f the bys were punished fr their prtesting effrts, the mvement was shrt-lived. After prudly 35 int the headmaster’s ffice shuting “we want t wear shrts”, they were quickly rdered t change back int trusers. “We had a 36 with sme bys and they have wrn trusers,” said Principal Jnes Williams.
Prtester Tyrne Evelyn, 15, tld Wales Online that the grup wuld cntinue 37 fr a change. “It’s just apprpriate fr the weather. Over the last few days I’ve had a few headaches and skin irritatins. Girls can wear skirts, s I dn’t see why we can’t wear shrts. It’s a reasnable prtest.”
The bys 38 agreed t write a letter t their Students’ Unin, applying fr a rule change by next summer. Heat 39 and heat strke are the tw mst cmmn illnesses that ccur when temperature rises. Accrding t May Clinic, wearing lse-fitting and light-clred clthing helps prtected persn frm trapping sweat r 40 t much heat.
【參考答案】
31．I 32．C 33．H 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．E 38．J 39．K 40．G
【語篇解讀】
本文的體裁屬于新聞報道。文章簡潔明了地報道了一群威爾士高中生通過穿裙子來抗議學(xué)校校服政策，要求允許在炎熱天氣穿短褲的事件，以及事件的結(jié)果。
【詳情解析】
31．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：對于威爾士的一群高中生來說，夏天的炎熱已經(jīng)到了極限，男孩們決定穿裙子去上學(xué)，以抗議學(xué)校嚴格的校服政策——無論什么天氣都禁止穿短褲。此處為定語從句謂語動詞，表示“禁止”穿短褲，且由上文謂語decided可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句時態(tài)用一般過去時，因此用prhibit“禁止”的過去式prhibited。故選I項。
32．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在他們逃到浴室換上全黑的裙子后，17名白人教會高中的學(xué)生穿著裙子出現(xiàn)在校園里，他們參加了抵制傳統(tǒng)制服褲子的運動。此處為時間狀語從句謂語動詞，根據(jù)語境，他們需要去洗手間換上全黑的裙子，因此應(yīng)該是“逃到”洗手間去換衣服，且由主句謂語emerged可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，從句時態(tài)用一般過去時，用escape“逃離”的過去式escaped。故選C項。
33．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在他們逃到浴室換上全黑的裙子后，17名白人教會高中的學(xué)生穿著裙子出現(xiàn)在校園里，他們參加了抵制傳統(tǒng)制服褲子的運動。此處為謂語動詞，由in the campaign可知，他們參加了抵制傳統(tǒng)校服褲子的運動，且由并列謂語emerged可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，時態(tài)用一般過去時，因此用participate“參加”的過去式participated。participate in“參加”為固定搭配。故選H項。
34．考查名詞。句意：男孩們的這一行為與其說是一場政治驅(qū)動的公民抗命行動，不如說是一種應(yīng)對高溫的方式。由The bys’可知，此處需要一個名詞，作為句子的主語，表示“行為”或“示威”，因此用demnstratin“示威”。故選A項。
35．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們驕傲地走進校長辦公室，喊著“我們要穿短褲”，但很快就被要求換回長褲。介詞After后需要一個動名詞形式，與“int the headmaster’s ffice”搭配，表示一種動態(tài)的進入方式，因此用march的動名詞marching，march int“行進，進入”為固定搭配。故選D項。
36．考查名詞。句意：校長瓊斯·威廉姆斯說：“我們和一些男孩進行了交談，現(xiàn)在他們已經(jīng)穿回了長褲?！庇煽涨暗腶可知，此處需要一個名詞，表示“交談”，作為had的賓語，因用名詞cnversatin“交談，談話”。故選B項。
37．考查非謂語動詞。句意：抗議者Tyrne Evelyn，15歲，告訴Wales Online，這群人會繼續(xù)為改變而運動。cntinue ding sth.“繼續(xù)做某事”，且此處需要一個動名詞形式，表示“參與活動，運動”，因此用campaign“參加運動”的動名詞campaigning。故選E項。
38．考查副詞。句意：男孩們完全同意給學(xué)生會寫一封信，申請在明年夏天之前改變規(guī)定。這里需要一個副詞來修飾“同意”，因此用cmpletely“完全地”，作狀語。故選J項。
39．考查名詞。句意：熱衰竭和中暑是氣溫升高時最常見的兩種疾病。由空后的when temperature rises可知，這里表示由于高溫而造成的疾病，heat exhaustin表示“熱衰竭”，是一種因長時間暴露在高溫環(huán)境中而引起的疾病，用名詞exhaustin。故選K項。
40．考查非謂語動詞。句意：根據(jù)May Clinic的說法，穿寬松和淺色的衣服有助于保護人們不出汗或吸收過多的熱量?！氨Ｗo……免受……的影響”。根據(jù)空前的r可知，本空用動名詞，與空前的trapping并列，作frm的賓語，用absrb“吸收”的動名詞absrbing。故選G項。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-55每題1分；56-70每題2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Once upn a time there lived in Germany tw brthers wh lved a gd stry — ne with magic and danger, ryalty and villains (惡棍). At schl they met a wise man wh led them t a treasure — a library f ld bks with tales mre fascinating than any they had ever heard. 41 , the brthers began cllecting their wn stries, listening t the flktales peple tld them. Sn they 42 their wn treasure — a bk f fairy tales that wuld charm millins in faraway lands fr generatins t cme.
The brthers Grimm, Jacb and Wilhelm, named their stry cllectin Children’s and Husehld Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The cllectin which has been translated int mre than 160 languages up t nw is a publishing 43 . The stries and their characters have appeared in theatre, pera, cmic bks, mvies, paintings, rck music, advertising and even fashin.
Such 44 wuld have shcked the mdest Grimms. During their lifetimes the bk sld few cpies in Germany. The early editins were nt even 45 children. They had n illustratins, and schlarly ftntes tk up almst as much space as the tales themselves. Jacb and Wilhelm Grimm viewed themselves as 46 students f flklre. They began their wrk at a time when Germany had been ccupied by the French under Naplen. As yung schlars, the brthers Grimm began t wrk n the fairy tale cllectin in rder t save the endangered ral strytelling traditin f Germany.
Lng befre the Grimms’ time, 47 develped in inns, barns, and peasant hmes. During winter nights, as they sat spinning wd, wmen kept each ther cmpany and entertained each ther with tales f adventure, rmance and magic. 48 , 40 such strytellers delivered tales t the Grimms, many f them cming t their huse in Kassel. Althugh the brthers implied that they were just 49 the tales, Wilhelm plished and reshaped the stries up t the final editin f 1857. In an effrt t make them mre 50 t children and their parents, he stressed the mral f each tale and emphasized gender rles. Accrding t the Grimms, the cllectin served as “a manual f 51 .” T this day, parents read them t their children because they apprve f the lessns in the stries: keep yur prmises, dn’t talk t strangers, wrk hard, bey yur parents.
S what 52 their ppularity? Sme have suggested that it is because the characters are always striving fr happiness. But the truth prbably lies in their 53 . The Grimms’ tales were brn ut f a strytelling traditin withut 54 f age r culture. The brthers’ skill was t translate these int a universal style f writing that seems t mirrr whatever mds r interests we bring t ur 55 f them. And s it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.
41．A．InspiredB．DisappintedC．DiscuragedD．Relieved
42．A．estimatedB．prducedC．sacrificedD．stcked
43．A．mediumB．partnershipC．findingD．wnder
44．A．qualityB．wealthC．fameD．benefit
45．A．marked asB．rbbed fC．a(chǎn)imed atD．prevented frm
46．A．intelligentB．hardwrkingC．peculiarD．patritic
47．A．cllectinB．strytellingC．entertainmentD．meeting
48．A．BesidesB．AltgetherC．HweverD．Similarly
49．A．creatingB．develpingC．reviewingD．recrding
50．A．a(chǎn)ccustmedB．a(chǎn)cceptableC．cruelD．cmpared
51．A．mannersB．parentshipC．publishingD．a(chǎn)daptatin
52．A．results frmB．depends nC．a(chǎn)ccunts frD．respnds t
53．A．a(chǎn)ppealB．flexibilityC．a(chǎn)vailabilityD．rigin
54．A．bundariesB．influencesC．indicatinsD．distributins
55．A．writingB．sharingC．readingD．beginning
【參考答案】
A 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．C 46．D 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．B
51．A 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．C
【語篇解讀】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了格林兄弟如何收集、編纂并最終出版《格林童話》的過程，以及這本書對后世的影響和重要性。
【詳情解析】
41．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：受到啟發(fā)，兄弟倆開始收集自己的故事，聽人們講給他們聽的民間故事。A. Inspired受到啟發(fā)；B. Disappinted使失望；C. Discuraged使泄氣；D. Relieved使緩解。根據(jù)語境和前文“At schl they met a wise man wh led them t a treasure — a library f ld bks with tales mre fascinating than any they had ever heard.”可知，在學(xué)校里，他們遇到了一位智者，他把他們帶到了一個寶藏——一個裝滿古書的圖書館，里面的故事比他們聽過的任何故事都要有趣。受到這位智者的啟發(fā)，兄弟倆開始收集自己的故事。故選A項。
42．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，他們創(chuàng)造了自己的寶藏——一本童話故事書，將世世代代吸引著遙遠國度的數(shù)百萬人。A. estimated估計；B. prduced制作；C. sacrificed犧牲；D. stcked存有。根據(jù)語境和后文“their wn treasure — a bk f fairy tales”可知，兄弟倆創(chuàng)造了自己的寶藏，即一本童話故事書。故選B項。
43．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書至今已被翻譯成160多種語言，堪稱出版界的奇跡。A. medium媒體；B. partnership合作關(guān)系；C. finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. wnder奇跡。根據(jù)語境和前文“The cllectin which has been translated int mre than 160 languages up t nw”可知，這本書被翻譯成160多種語言，這是出版界的奇跡。故選D項。
44．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的名聲會讓謙虛的格林兄弟感到震驚。A. quality質(zhì)量；B. wealth財富；C. fame名聲；D. benefit益處。根據(jù)語境和前文“The cllectin which has been translated int mre than 160 languages up t nw is a publishing 43 .”可知，這本書被翻譯成160多種語言，堪稱出版界的奇跡，這種名聲讓格林兄弟感到震驚。故選C項。
45．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：早期的版本甚至不是針對兒童的。A. marked as標記為；B. rbbed f搶奪；C. aimed at針對；D. prevented frm阻止。根據(jù)語境和后文“They had n illustratins, and schlarly ftntes tk up almst as much space as the tales themselves.”可知，書中沒有插圖，學(xué)術(shù)性的腳注占據(jù)了幾乎和故事本身一樣多的篇幅，由此可見，早期的版本并不是針對兒童的。故選C項。
46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雅各布·格林和威廉·格林自認為是愛國的民俗學(xué)學(xué)生。A. intelligent聰明的；B. hardwrking努力的；C. peculiar奇怪的；D. patritic愛國的。根據(jù)語境和后文“As yung schlars, the brthers Grimm began t wrk n the fairy tale cllectin in rder t save the endangered ral strytelling traditin f Germany.”可知，作為年輕的學(xué)者，格林兄弟為了拯救德國瀕臨滅絕的口頭講故事的傳統(tǒng)，就開始著手編寫童話故事集。由此推知，他們是愛國的。故選D項。
47．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：早在格林時代之前，講故事就在小旅館、谷倉和農(nóng)民家里發(fā)展起來了。A. cllectin收藏品；B. strytelling講故事；C. entertainment娛樂；D. meeting會議。根據(jù)語境和后文“During winter nights, as they sat spinning wd, wmen kept each ther cmpany and entertained each ther with tales f adventure, rmance and magic.”可知，在冬天的夜晚，當他們坐著紡柴時，女人們彼此作伴，用冒險、浪漫和魔法的故事來娛樂彼此。由此推知，早在格林時代之前，講故事就發(fā)展起來了。故選B項。
48．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：總共有40個這樣的講故事的人給格林兄弟講故事，其中許多人去了他們在卡塞爾的家。A. Besides另外；B. Altgether總共；C. Hwever然而；D. Similarly類似地。根據(jù)語境和后文“40 such strytellers delivered tales t the Grimms”可知，總共有40個這樣的講故事的人給格林夫婦講故事。故選B項。
49．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然兩兄弟暗示他們只是在記錄這些故事，但威廉對這些故事進行了潤色和修改，直到1857年的最終版本。A. creating創(chuàng)造；B. develping發(fā)展；C. reviewing回顧；D. recrding記錄。根據(jù)語境和前文“the brthers began cllecting their wn stries, listening t the flktales peple tld them”可知，兄弟倆開始收集自己的故事，聽人們講給他們聽的民間故事。由此推知，兩兄弟暗示他們只是在記錄這些故事。故選D項。
50．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了讓孩子和父母更容易接受這些故事，他強調(diào)了每個故事的寓意，并強調(diào)了性別角色。A. accustmed習(xí)慣的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. cruel殘酷的；D. cmpared比較的。根據(jù)語境和前文“They had n illustratins, and schlarly ftntes tk up almst as much space as the tales themselves.”可知，書中沒有插圖，學(xué)術(shù)性的腳注占據(jù)了幾乎和故事本身一樣多的篇幅，由此推知，為了讓孩子和父母更容易接受這些故事，他強調(diào)了每個故事的寓意，并強調(diào)了性別角色。故選B項。
51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：按照格林兄弟的說法，這本書是一本“禮儀手冊”。A. manners禮儀；B. parentship為人父母；C. publishing出版；D. adaptatin適應(yīng)。根據(jù)語境和后文“T this day, parents read them t their children because they apprve f the lessns in the stries: keep yur prmises, dn’t talk t strangers, wrk hard, bey yur parents.”可知，直到今天，父母還會把這些書讀給孩子聽，因為他們認同故事中的教訓(xùn)：遵守諾言，不要和陌生人說話，努力工作，聽父母的話。由此推知，兩兄弟說這個故事集是教給了孩子們禮儀，起到了“禮儀手冊”的作用。故選A項。
52．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：那么是什么導(dǎo)致了它們的流行呢？A. results frm由……引起；B. depends n依靠；C. accunts fr導(dǎo)致；D. respnds t回應(yīng)。根據(jù)語境和后文“Sme have suggested that it is because the characters are always striving fr happiness.”可知，有些人認為這是因為人物總是在為幸福而奮斗。由此推知，此處是問到底是什么導(dǎo)致了這些故事的流行。故選C項。
53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但真相可能在于它們的起源。A. appeal呼吁；B. flexibility靈活性；C. availability可用性；D. rigin起源。根據(jù)語境和后文“The Grimms’ tales were brn ut f a strytelling traditin”可知，格林兄弟的故事誕生于一個講故事的傳統(tǒng)，因此這些故事流行的原因在于它們的起源。故選D項。
54．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：《格林童話》誕生于一種講故事的傳統(tǒng)，沒有年齡和文化的界限。A. bundaries界限；B. influences影響；C. indicatins跡象；D. distributins分布。根據(jù)語境和后文“The brthers’ skill was t translate these int a universal style f writing”可知，兄弟倆的技巧是把這些翻譯成一種通用的寫作風格，因此《格林童話》是沒有年齡和文化的界限的。故選A項。
55．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兄弟倆的技巧是把這些翻譯成一種普遍的寫作風格，似乎反映了我們在閱讀它們時所帶來的任何情緒或興趣。A. writing寫；B. sharing分享；C. reading讀；D. beginning開始。根據(jù)常識和后文“f them”可知，我們閱讀《格林童話》里的故事。故選C項。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
56．AAVE Camp is designed fr ________.
A．a(chǎn)dventure lvers B．freign travellers C．creative teenagersD．prfessinal sprtsmen
57．Catherine wuld like t develp her cnfidence in a safe and psitive atmsphere, s she can call ________ fr mre infrmatin.
A．(800) 2223-3595 B．(888) 4209-7855 C．(886) 6817-2173 D．(212) 6743-4300
58．Lucy’s dream is t be a film actress, s she’d prbably g t ________ t attend a camp.
A．ClradB．OregnC．TexasD．New Yrk
【參考答案】
56．A 57．C 58．D
【語篇解讀】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個夏令營的主要內(nèi)容。
【詳情解析】
56．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AAVE Camp部分中“Since 2016, AAVE Camp has been abut adventure travel, leadership and learning. AAVE inspires respnsibility in teenagers. Thrughut ur adventures, we camp, rck climb, muntain bike, surf, sail, r study a freign language.(從2016年開始，AAVE夏令營以冒險旅行、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和學(xué)習(xí)為主題。AAVE激發(fā)青少年的責任感。在我們的冒險中，我們露營、攀巖、騎山地自行車、沖浪、航海，或者學(xué)習(xí)一門外語。)”可知，AAVE是為冒險愛好者而設(shè)計的。故選A項。
57．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Traditinal Camp部分中“Our missin is t prvide a safe and psitive atmsphere fr girls t develp cnfidence and talents within themselves thrugh the many activities ffered.(我們的使命是為女孩們提供一個安全和積極的氛圍，通過提供的許多活動，培養(yǎng)她們的自信和才能。)”以及“(886)6817-2173((886)6817 - 2173)”可知，Catherine想要在一個安全和積極的氛圍中培養(yǎng)她的自信，所以她可以致電Traditinal Camp的聯(lián)系電話獲取更多信息。故選C項。
58．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Filmmaking and Acting Camp部分中“The New Yrk Film Academy is a unique educatinal institutin, devted t prviding the mst fcused filmmaking instructin in the wrld.(紐約電影學(xué)院是一個獨特的教育機構(gòu)，致力于提供世界上最專注的電影制作指導(dǎo)。)”以及“Camp Address:100 East 17thStreet, New Yrk 10003, USA(營地地址：100東17街，紐約10003，美國)”可知，Lucy的夢想是成為一名電影演員，所以她可能會去紐約參加一個夏令營。故選D項。
B
Beauty that can’t be seen
In the serene twn f Willwbrk resided the yung maiden Lily. Her skin bre the intricate tapestry f a rare cnditin, a msaic f scars and blemishes that danced acrss her face like a testament t the trials she had endured. Yet, within this canvas f imperfectins, Lily’s heart radiated a warmth that envelped all wh crssed her path in a tender embrace.
One fateful afternn, as the sun descended in a cascade f glden hues, Lily’s path intertwined with that f Lucas, a yung man whse wrld was veiled in eternal darkness. Drawn by the angelic vice f Lily and the kindness that exuded frm her very being, Lucas fund cmfrt in her presence. Their friendship blssmed like a delicate flwer, each mment spent tgether a symphny f shared laughter and unspken understanding.
As the days bring mre shared experiences, Lucas fund himself fascinated by the wrld as perceived thrugh Lily’s eyes. In her, he discvered a kaleidscpe (萬花筒) f beauty that transcended the cnfines f sight, a beauty wven frm threads f kindness, cmpassin, and unwavering attitude. Thugh his eyes culd nt behld the physical scars that adrned Lily’s frm, his heart beheld the true essence f her being — a luminus spirit that lightened the darkest crners f his wrld. With each passing day, their bnd deepened, evlving int a rmance that defied the cnventins f superficiality and embraced the prfund cnnectin that existed between their suls.
Lily and Lucas fund a beauty that transcended the limitatins f physical frm, a beauty that dwelled in the uncharted depths f their suls. Their lve became a testament t the enduring pwer f the human spirit, a reminder that true beauty is nt merely skin-deep but a radiant light that riginates frm the very cre f ur being, tuching the hearts f all wh dare t see beynd the surface.
59．Hw did Lucas, wh was blind, cme t appreciate beauty in Lily’s unique perspective?
A．by restring his eyesight thrugh a series f surgeries
B．by listening t her angelic vices describing her wn beauty
C．by spending time with her and seeing the wrld thrugh her eyes
D．by imagine the fascinating wrld in the eyes f Lily
60．What qualities in Lily did Lucas recgnize as true beauty despite the physical scars he can’t see?
A．Her cmmitment t cmfrting thers with her beautiful vice
B．Her kindness, cmpassin, and unwavering strength in difficult life
C．Her sympathy and hpefulness fr physically-challenged peple like Lucas
D．Her bravery in develping real friendship t rmance despite scial dispute
61．In Paragraph 4, the underlined wrd transcended is clsest in meaning t _________?
A．went beyndB．depended nC．brke thrughD．passed ver
62．Which f the fllwing definitin f beauty best identifies with the essence f the stry f Lily and Lucas?
A．Beauty is a subjective preference fr what might be unfavrable in thers’ pinin
B．Beauty is nt skin-deep but a radiant light that grws frm within and enlightens thers
C．Beauty is what prvides pleasure t the senses, either in visual r audi way
D．Beauty is smething in gd prprtin that creates aesthetic harmny and appeal
【參考答案】
59．C 60．B 61．A 62．B
【語篇解讀】
這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了少女莉莉雖然臉上有傷疤，但是盲人盧卡斯看到了她的內(nèi)在美。莉莉和盧卡斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種超越形體限制的美，一種存在于他們靈魂深處的美。
【詳情解析】
59．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Drawn by the angelic vice f Lily and the kindness that exuded frm her very being, Lucas fund cmfrt in her presence. Their friendship blssmed like a delicate flwer, each mment spent tgether a symphny f shared laughter and unspken understanding. (被莉莉天使般的聲音和從她身上散發(fā)出來的善良所吸引，盧卡斯在她的面前找到了安慰。他們的友誼像嬌嫩的花朵一樣綻放，在一起度過的每一刻都是共同歡笑和無言理解的交響樂。)”以及第三段“As the days bring mre shared experiences, Lucas fund himself fascinated by the wrld as perceived thrugh Lily’s eyes. (隨著日子一天天過去，盧卡斯發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被莉莉眼中的世界迷住了。)”可知，盲人盧卡斯通過花時間和她在一起，通過她的眼睛看世界，來從莉莉獨特的視角來欣賞美。故選C。
60．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In her, he discvered a kaleidscpe (萬花筒) f beauty that transcended the cnfines f sight, a beauty wven frm threads f kindness, cmpassin, and unwavering attitude. (在她身上，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種超越視覺界限的萬花筒般的美，一種由善良、同情和堅定不移的態(tài)度交織而成的美。)”可知，盡管莉莉身上有他看不見的傷疤，盧卡斯還是認為她美麗是因為她的善良、同情和在困難生活中堅定不移的力量。故選B。
61．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“a beauty wven frm threads f kindness, cmpassin, and unwavering attitude”以及“Thugh his eyes culd nt behld the physical scars that adrned Lily’s frm, his heart beheld the true essence f her being — a luminus spirit that lightened the darkest crners f his wrld. (雖然他的眼睛看不到莉莉身體上的傷疤，但他的心看到了她存在的真正本質(zhì)——一個明亮的靈魂，照亮了他世界最黑暗的角落。)”可知，盧卡斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種超越視覺界限的萬花筒般的美，一種由善良、同情和堅定的態(tài)度編織而成的美。故劃線詞意思是“超越”。故選A。
62．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Their lve became a testament t the enduring pwer f the human spirit, a reminder that true beauty is nt merely skin-deep but a radiant light that riginates frm the very cre f ur being, tuching the hearts f all wh dare t see beynd the surface. (他們的愛證明了人類精神的持久力量，提醒我們真正的美不僅僅是膚淺的，而是一種來自我們生命核心的光芒，觸動了所有敢于看穿表面的人的心。)”可知，美不是膚淺的，而是一種從內(nèi)心發(fā)出的光芒，它能照亮他人對美的定義最符合莉莉和盧卡斯故事的本質(zhì)。故選B。
C
The pssibility f self-driving rbt cars has ften seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away frm materializing in the real wrld. Well, the future is apparently nw. The Califrnia Department f Mtr Vehicles began giving permits in April fr cmpanies t test truly self-driving cars n public rads. The state als cleared the way fr cmpanies t sell r rent ut self-driving cars, and fr cmpanies t perate driverless taxi services. Califrnia, it shuld be nted, isn’t leading the way here. Cmpanies have been testing their vehicles in cities acrss the cuntry. It’s hard t predict when driverless cars will be everywhere n ur rads. But hwever lng it takes, the technlgy has the ptential t change ur transprtatin systems and ur cities, fr better r fr wrse, depending n hw the transfrmatin is regulated.
While much f the debate s far has been fcused n the safety f driverless cars, plicymakers als shuld be talking abut hw self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissins and ffer mre cnvenient, affrdable mbility ptins. The arrival f driverless vehicles is a chance t make sure that thse vehicles are envirnmentally friendly and mre shared.
D we want t cpy — r even wrsen — the traffic f tday with driverless cars? Imagine a future where mst adults wn individual self-driving vehicles. They tlerate lng, slw jurneys t and frm wrk n packed highways because they can wrk, entertain themselves r sleep n the ride, which encurages urban spread. They take their driverless car t an appintment and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking. Instead f walking a few blcks t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The cnvenience even leads fewer peple t take public transprt — an unwelcme side effect researchers have already fund in ride-hailing (叫車) services.
Plicymakers shuld start thinking nw abut hw t make sure the appearance f driverless vehicles desn’t extend the wrst aspects f the car-cntrlled transprtatin system we have tday. The cming technlgical advancement presents a chance fr cities and states t develp transprtatin systems designed t mve mre peple, and mre affrdably. The car f the future is cming. We just have t plan fr it.
63．What des the wrd “materializing” in paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A．cnsuming fewer resurcesB．cming int being
C．drawing peple’s attentinD．enjying an advantage
64．Paragraph 3 mainly talks abut .
A．drivers’ imprper use f self-driving carsB．the wrsening traffic due t self-driving cars
C．the pssible bad effects f self-driving carsD．the widespread applicatin f self-driving cars
65．What f the fllwing best illustrates the authr’s attitude twards self-driving cars?
A．It remains t be seen whether self-driving cars will be safe enugh.
B．The future f self-driving cars is nt as bright as prducers think.
C．We shuld make self-driving cars a better chice f transprtatin.
D．Plicy makers shuld stp giving self-driving cars permits.
66．Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A．Preparing cities fr self-driving carsB．Self-driving cars: shared r nt?
C．Shall we ban self-driving cars?D．Future self-driving cars
【參考答案】
63．B 64．C 65．C 66．A
【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些城市開始批準自動駕駛汽車上路，并制定一些規(guī)則。文章還列舉了自動駕駛汽車的一些優(yōu)點和問題。
【詳情解析】
63．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“The pssibility f self-driving rbt cars has ften seemed like a futurist’s dream”以及后文“Well, the future is apparently nw.(好吧，未來顯然就是現(xiàn)在)”可知，上文提到自動駕駛機器人汽車的可能性常?？雌饋硐袷俏磥碇髁x者的夢想，暗示距離自動駕駛機器人汽車開始在現(xiàn)實中存在還有很多年時間，然而如今已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了。故劃線詞意思是“開始存在”。故選B。
64．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“D we want t cpy—r even wrsen—the traffic f tday with driverless cars? Imagine a future where mst adults wn individual self-driving vehicles. They tlerate lng, slw jurneys t and frm wrk n packed highways because they can wrk, entertain themselves r sleep n the ride, which encurages urban spread. They take their driverless car t an appintment and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking. Instead f walking a few blcks t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The cnvenience even leads fewer peple t take public transprt—an unwelcme side effect researchers have already fund in ride-hailing (叫車) services.(我們是想用無人駕駛汽車復(fù)制——甚至更糟——今天的交通狀況嗎?想象一下，大多數(shù)成年人擁有個人自動駕駛汽車的未來。他們可以忍受在擁擠的高速公路上漫長而緩慢的上下班旅程，因為他們可以在路上工作、娛樂或睡覺，這鼓勵了城市的傳播。他們開著無人駕駛汽車去約會，讓空車繞著大樓轉(zhuǎn)，以避免支付停車費。他們不再走幾個街區(qū)去接孩子或去干洗衣服，而是派出了自動駕駛的小巴。這種便利甚至導(dǎo)致乘坐公共交通工具的人更少——研究人員已經(jīng)在叫車服務(wù)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個不受歡迎的副作用)”可知，第3段主要討論了自動駕駛汽車可能產(chǎn)生的不良影響。故選C。
65．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Plicymakers shuld start thinking nw abut hw t make sure the appearance f driverless vehicles desn’t extend the wrst aspects f the car-cntrlled transprtatin system we have tday. The cming technlgical advancement presents a chance fr cities and states t develp transprtatin systems designed t mve mre peple, and mre affrdably. The car f the future is cming. We just have t plan fr it.(政策制定者現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該開始考慮如何確保無人駕駛汽車的出現(xiàn)不會擴大我們今天汽車控制的交通系統(tǒng)的最壞方面。即將到來的技術(shù)進步為城市和州提供了一個發(fā)展交通系統(tǒng)的機會，旨在運送更多的人，更實惠。未來的汽車即將到來。我們只需要做好計劃)”可知，我們應(yīng)該讓自動駕駛汽車成為更好的交通工具。故選C。
66．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“The Califrnia Department f Mtr Vehicles began giving permits in April fr cmpanies t test truly self-driving cars n public rads. The state als cleared the way fr cmpanies t sell r rent ut self-driving cars, and fr cmpanies t perate driverless taxi services. Califrnia, it shuld be nted, isn’t leading the way here. Cmpanies have been testing their vehicles in cities acrss the cuntry. It’s hard t predict when driverless cars will be everywhere n ur rads. But hwever lng it takes, the technlgy has the ptential t change ur transprtatin systems and ur cities, fr better r fr wrse, depending n hw the transfrmatin is regulated.(今年4月，加州機動車輛管理局開始批準公司在公共道路上測試真正的自動駕駛汽車。該州還為公司出售或出租自動駕駛汽車以及公司運營無人駕駛出租車服務(wù)掃清了道路。應(yīng)該指出的是，加州在這方面并沒有走在前面。公司已經(jīng)在全國各地的城市測試了他們的汽車。很難預(yù)測無人駕駛汽車何時會在我們的道路上隨處可見。但無論需要多長時間，這項技術(shù)都有可能改變我們的交通系統(tǒng)和城市，是好是壞，這取決于如何監(jiān)管這種轉(zhuǎn)變)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了一些城市開始批準自動駕駛汽車上路，并制定一些規(guī)則。文章還列舉了自動駕駛汽車的一些優(yōu)點和問題。可知，A選項“讓城市為自動駕駛汽車做好準備”最符合文章標題。故選A。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Pwer Causes Brain Damage
If pwer were a drug, it wuld cme with a lng list f knwn side effects. It can intxicate. It can crrupt. It can even cause brain damage.
Dacher Keltner, a psychlgy prfessr at UC Berkeley, fund in studies spanning tw decades that subjects under the influence f pwer acted as if they had suffered a brain injury: 67
Sukhvinder Obhi, a neurscientist at McMaster University, recently described smething similar. 68 And when he put the heads f the pwerful and the nt-s-pwerful under a transcranial-magnetic-stimulatin machine, he fund that pwer, in fact, damages a specific neural (神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的) prcess, “mirrring,” that may be an imprtant part f empathy. This gives a neurlgical basis t what Keltner has termed the “pwer paradx”: Once we have pwer, we lse sme f the capacities we needed t gain it in the first place.
69 A 2006 study asked participants t draw the letter E n their frehead fr thers t view — a task that requires seeing yurself frm an bserver’s vantage pint. Thse feeling pwerful were three times mre likely t draw the E the right way t themselves — and backwards t everyne else. (This calls t mind Gerge W. Bush, wh memrably held up the American flag backwards at the 2008 Olympics.) Other experiments have shwn that pwerful peple d wrse at identifying what smene in a picture is feeling, r guessing hw a clleague might interpret a remark.
Peple tend t mimic the expressins and bdy language f their superirs, but the pwerful stp mimicking thers. 70 It helps trigger the same feelings thse thers are experiencing and prvides a windw int where they are cming frm. Pwerful peple “stp simulating the experience f thers,” Keltner says, which leads t what he calls an “empathy deficit.”
This is a depressing finding, but is there nthing t be dne?
N and yes. It’s difficult t stp pwer’s tendency t affect yur brain. What’s easier — frm time t time, at least — is t stp feeling pwerful. Pwer is nt a pst r a psitin but a mental state. Recunt a time yu did nt feel pwerful, Keltner suggests, and yur brain can empathize with reality.
A．Unlike Keltner, wh studies behavirs, Obhi studies brains.
B．It’s what Obhi and his team were trying t activate when they had their subjects watch a vide f smene’s hand squeezing a rubber ball.
C．That lss in capacity has been demnstrated in varius creative ways.
D．The histrian Henry Adams described pwer as “a srt f tumr that ends by killing the victim’s sympathies.”
E．Laughing when thers laugh r tensing when thers tense matters.
F．They becme mre impulsive, less risk-aware, and, crucially, less capable f seeing things frm ther peple’s pint f view.
【參考答案】
67．F 68．A 69．C 70．E
【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究表明擁有權(quán)力會引起人腦損傷。
【詳情解析】
67．空前說“Dacher Keltner, a psychlgy prfessr at UC Berkeley, fund in studies spanning tw decades that subjects under the influence f pwer acted as if they had suffered a brain injury (加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的心理學(xué)教授Dacher Keltner在長達20年的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，受權(quán)力影響的受試者表現(xiàn)得就像遭受了腦損傷一樣)”，空前有個冒號，說明空格處要解釋說明這些受試者像遭受了腦損傷一樣的具體表現(xiàn)是什么，F(xiàn)選項“They becme mre impulsive, less risk-aware, and, crucially, less capable f seeing things frm ther peple’s pint f view. (他們變得更沖動，更缺乏風險意識，至關(guān)重要的是，更無法從別人的角度看問題。)”陳述的是像腦損傷一樣的表現(xiàn)，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選F。
68．空前說“Sukhvinder Obhi, a neurscientist at McMaster University, recently described smething similar. (麥克馬斯特大學(xué)的神經(jīng)科學(xué)家Sukhvinder Obhi最近也描述了類似的情況。)”，空格處應(yīng)該介紹Sukhvinder Obhi是干什么的，A選項“Unlike Keltner, wh studies behavirs, Obhi studies brains. (與研究行為的Keltner不同，Obhi研究的是大腦。)”說明了Obhi是研究大腦的人，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選A。
69．空前說“Once we have pwer, we lse sme f the capacities we needed t gain it in the first place. (一旦我們擁有了權(quán)力，我們就會失去一些最初獲得權(quán)力所需的能力。)”，空格處應(yīng)該說這種能力的喪失會有什么影響，C選項“That lss in capacity has been demnstrated in varius creative ways. (這種能力的喪失已經(jīng)以各種創(chuàng)造性的方式表現(xiàn)出來。)”中的“That lss in capacity”和空前的“we lse sme f the capacities”呼應(yīng)，且說明了這種能力的喪失有各種表現(xiàn)，因此承接上文，引出下文具體的實驗和研究結(jié)果，符合語境。故選C。
70．空前說“Peple tend t mimic the expressins and bdy language f their superirs, but the pwerful stp mimicking thers. (人們傾向于模仿上級的表情和肢體語言，但有權(quán)有勢的人不會模仿別人。)”，說明有權(quán)有勢的人不會模仿別人，空后說“It helps trigger the same feelings thse thers are experiencing and prvides a windw int where they are cming frm. (它有助于觸發(fā)其他人正在經(jīng)歷的同樣的感覺，并提供了一個窗口，了解它們來自哪里。)”，說明了某個事情的好處，而這個事情應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在空格處，因此空格處應(yīng)該會說其實模仿他人是有好處的，E選項“Laughing when thers laugh r tensing when thers tense matters. (別人笑的時候笑，別人緊張的時候緊張，這很重要。)”中的“Laughing when thers laugh r tensing when thers tense”就是模仿，說明模仿別人是有好處的，因此承上啟下，符合語境。故選E。
IV. Summary Writing(共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Eleven-year-ld Kristina shuted n the phne. Vera, her mther, packing lunches fr her tw children, heard the shuting and dashed t Kristina. Kristina gave her the phne. Kristina was talking t her father at his dctr’s ffice in Mscw, Russia.
“Vlad, why is Kristina shuting?” began Vera in Russian.
“Vera, this afternn I must attend a cnference at her schl. But I cannt be there. I have an imprtant meeting. Why dn’t yu attend it?” Vlad replied.
“Hw can I g?”
“Yu are nt ging t a frest. Yu’ll be fine!”
“I knw, but I can’t speak English prperly. It’s a rule at her schl.”
“Yu can manage. GO!”
Vera turned t Kristina, “Kristina, yur father is busy. I will cme instead f him.”
Kristina shuted, “Mther, yu can’t speak English. Hw can yu cme t the cnference? NO!” She plwed thrugh her mther and ran sbbing. But Vera cnvinced Kristina. As there was n ptin, she agreed and left fr schl.
Vera was depressed. She felt that if nly she knew English, she culd avid such situatins. “But hw is it pssible fr me t learn English while balancing s many tasks?” Suddenly, she realized that Andrei was getting late, s she gt him ready and walked him t schl.
In the afternn, Vera attended the cnference at the schl. All the teachers and staff gave a warm welcme t Vera. Kristina kept quieting her mther. All she said were phrases like, “Yu are embarrassing!” “Stp talking!” and “Yu d nt knw English!” Ignring her daughter’s cmments, Vera managed t keep her cl and finished the meeting.
After delivering a cake t a custmer, Vera went hme t start dinner. At hme, she asked her mther-in-law where Kristina was. She said that Kristina had gne t study with her friends. While they were talking, Kristina walked in.
Vera asked, “Why did yu g ut? Yu can study at hme, yu knw!”
”I have dubts abut English Literature. Can YOU clarify them?” Kristina said in an arrgant (傲慢的) tne.
注意：
1. 所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)要求70詞左右；
2. 所續(xù)寫內(nèi)容要以上面段落為依據(jù)，前后銜接符合邏輯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考答案】
After dinner, Vera cmplained abut Kristina’s behavir t Vlad. Vera was tssing and turning when she thught abut her hurt feelings. The next day, she saw an advertisement frm LCC, the Lndn Language Center, n the TV. They ffered English classes t newcmers. Vera called their number and signed up fr a fur-week curse. Every day, she managed t attend the class. She grasped every chance t cmmunicate in English. In the last week, she annunced the happy news t the family in English that she passed the test.
【語篇解讀】
本文以人物為線索展開，因為遠在莫斯科的父親Vlad無法出席女兒Kristina學(xué)校的會議，Kristina在電話里大喊大叫，母親Vera聽到后詢問了情況，雖然擔心自己英語說得不好，但是Vera被Vlad說服代替他參加Kristina學(xué)校的會議。Kristina得知這個消息后很不滿，不希望說不好英語的Vera去參加會議，但因為沒有選擇只能妥協(xié)。下午Vera參加會議的時候，Kristina一直在讓Vera安靜，說Vera的英語很難聽，Vera沒有理會Kristina，盡力結(jié)束了會議。晚上Vera和婆婆交談的時候，Kristina從同學(xué)家回來，用傲慢的語氣回答Vera的問題，挖苦她不懂英國文學(xué)。
【詳情解析】
1. 段落續(xù)寫：
根據(jù)文中女兒Kristina不滿的情緒、傷人的話語和傲慢的語氣可推知，母親Vera被傷害了，因此續(xù)寫部分可描寫Vera被傷害后的反應(yīng)和心理活動，她如何采取行動改變自己英語不好的情況，以及最后的結(jié)果。
2. 續(xù)寫線索：Kristina的不滿——Vera受傷的反應(yīng)和心理活動——Vera采取的行動——Vera行動的結(jié)果
3. 詞匯激活
行為類
①抱怨：cmplain/man/grumble
②想：think but/give thugh t, deliberate abut
③看到：see/spt/ntice/catch sight f
④提供：ffer/prvide/give/present
⑤抓?。篻rasp/seize/catch/hld
⑥交流：cmmunicate/talk/speak/cnverse/chat
⑦宣布：annunce/declare/give ut/set frth
情緒類
①受傷的：hurt/grieved/sad
②令人高興的：happy/jyful/pleasant
【點睛】
[高分句型1] Vera was tssing and turning when she thught abut her hurt feelings.（從屬連詞when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）
[高分句型2] In the last week, she annunced the happy news t the family in English that she passed the test.（連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作news的同位語）
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72．這部紀錄片旨在呼吁人們保護瀕臨滅絕的物種。(appeal)(漢譯英)

【答案】This dcumentary aims t appeal t peple t prtect endangered species.
【詳解】考查時態(tài)和固定短語。表示“旨在”應(yīng)用動詞短語aim t d，因句子表示的是一個客觀情況，謂語動詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時，又因主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)第三人稱形式；表示“呼吁某人做某事”短語為appeal t sb. t d sth；“保護”可翻譯為prtect，“瀕臨滅絕的物種”可翻譯為endangered species。故翻譯為This dcumentary aims t appeal t peple t prtect endangered species.
73．聚會上，對為了理想而奮斗的歲月的回憶似乎成為大家的共同話題。(appear) (漢譯英)

【答案】At the party, memries f the years f striving fr ideals appeared t be a cmmn tpic.
【詳解】考查名詞短語和固定句式。本句描述發(fā)生在過去的一般事實，用一般過去時。表示“聚會上”的介詞短語為at the party；表示“回憶”的名詞為memries，名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語；表示“為了理想而奮斗的歲月”可用名詞短語the years f striving fr ideals；表示“的”應(yīng)用介詞f；表示“似乎成為”固定句式appeared t be，謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去式，作謂語；表示“大家的共同話題”應(yīng)用名詞短語a cmmn tpic。句首字母大寫，故翻譯為At the party, memries f the years f striving fr ideals appeared t be a cmmn tpic。
74．你越多練習(xí)武術(shù)，你就越能理解為什么它是一個值得傳承的國之瑰寶。（the mre…the mre）(漢譯英)

【答案】The mre yu practise martial arts, the better yu will understand why it is a natinal treasure wrth passing dwn.
【詳解】考查固定句型和時態(tài)。根據(jù)提示，“the mre…the mre”為固定短語，意為“越……就越……”，表示一方的程度隨著另一方的變化而變化，引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。根據(jù)句意可知，此處描述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時?！熬毩?xí)武術(shù)”可譯為practise martial arts；“你就越能理解”翻譯為the better yu will understand，使用一般將來時；“為什么它是一個值得傳承的國之瑰寶”翻譯為：why it is a natinal treasure wrth passing dwn，why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，be wrth ding是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“值得做某事”，pass dwn是固定短語，表示“傳承”。故答案為The mre yu practise martial arts, the better yu will understand why it is a natinal treasure wrth passing dwn.
75．少數(shù)民族服飾是一個國家的文化符號，在不同的歷史時期用自己的方式綻放美麗，未來也將在樹立民族形象方面起到越來越重要的作用。(way) (漢譯英)

【答案】Ethnic minrity cstumes serve as cultural symbls f a natin, blssming in their wn ways during different histrical perids, and will als play an increasingly imprtant rle in shaping natinal identity in the future.
【詳解】考查短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和時態(tài)?！吧贁?shù)民族服飾”為“ethnic minrity cstumes”，“用作”為“serve as”，“一個國家的文化符號”為“cultural symbls f a natin”，“少數(shù)民族服飾是一個國家的文化符號”描述的為科學(xué)事實，使用一般現(xiàn)在時，則翻譯為“Ethnic minrity cstumes serve as cultural symbls f a natin.”；動詞“綻放美麗”為“blssm”，它與主語“ethnic minrity cstumes”為主動關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，短語“用它們自己的方式”為“in their wn ways”，短語“在不同的歷史時期”為“during different histrical perids”，則“在不同的歷史時期用自己的方式綻放美麗”翻譯為“blssming in their wn ways during different histrical perids”；“在某方面起到越來越重要的作用”為“play an increasingly imprtant rle in”，“樹立民族形象”為“shape natinal identity”，shape使用動名詞形式作賓語，“在未來”為“in the future”，“也”為“als”，翻譯“未來也將在樹立民族形象方面起到越來越重要的作用”使用一般將來時，則翻譯為“will als play an increasingly imprtant rle in shaping natinal identity in the future”，它和“Ethnic minrity cstumes serve as cultural symbls f a natin.”為并列關(guān)系，使用并列連詞and連接。故翻譯為：Ethnic minrity cstumes serve as cultural symbls f a natin, blssming in their wn ways during different histrical perids, and will als play an increasingly imprtant rle in shaping natinal identity in the future.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你是明啟中學(xué)的王磊，你班本學(xué)期剩余一筆總額三千元的班費class fee結(jié)余，目前有兩個方案：1．為教室添加一臺空氣凈化器；2．為每位同學(xué)訂閱一份英語周報Shanghai Students’ Pst。請你給班委會class cmmittee寫一封信，談?wù)勀愕目捶?，必須包括?br>1．你贊同的方案；
2．你贊同該方案的理由；
3．你對于執(zhí)行此方案的建議。
Dear class cmmittee,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考答案】
Dear class cmmittee,
As we all knw, there is a class fee balance f 3,000 yuan remaining fr this semester. At present, there are tw ways t spend it: ne is t add an air purifier t the classrm; the ther is t subscribe t the Shanghai Students’ Pst fr each student.
I am in favr f subscribing t the Shanghai Students’ Pst. Fr ne thing, the Shanghai Students’ Pst is a gd jurnal fr ur English studies. Fr anther, it cntains a lt f useful infrmatin and sme interesting stries fr us t read, which braden ur hrizns.
We shuld set aside tw classes every week fr ur students t read it, and find an pprtunity t let the students reprt n what they have read.
Yurs,
Wang Lei
【語篇解讀】
本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給班委會寫一封信，談?wù)剬θ绾问褂帽緦W(xué)期剩余班費方案的看法。
【詳情解析】
1.詞匯積累
學(xué)期：semester → term
目前：at present → nw
支持：be in favr f → supprt
機會：pprtunity → chance
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Fr ne thing, the Shanghai Students’ Pst is a gd jurnal fr ur English studies.Fr anther, it cntains a lt f useful infrmatin and sme interesting stries fr us t read, which braden ur hrizns.
拓展句：Nt nly is the Shanghai Students’ Pst a gd jurnal fr ur English studies, but als it cntains a lt f useful infrmatin and sme interesting stries fr us t read, which braden ur hrizns.
【點睛】
[高分句型1] Fr anther, it cntains a lt f useful infrmatin and sme interesting stries fr us t read, which braden ur hrizns.(運用了關(guān)系代詞which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2] We shuld set aside tw classes every week fr ur students t read it, and find an pprtunity t let the students reprt n what they have read.(運用了連接代詞what引導(dǎo)賓語從句)
A.demnstratin B．cnversatin C． escaped D．marching E. campaigning
F. reluctantly G. absrbing H. participated I. prhibited J. cmpletely K. exhaustin
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