
(1)Mary felt a wave f anger sweep ver her.瑪麗感到一陣憤怒。
(2)Guilt and wrry flded ver her. 內(nèi)疚和擔(dān)憂一陣陣涌上她的心頭。
(3)Befre the cmpetitin her cnfidence suddenly failed her。她在比賽前突然失去了信心。
2、主語(yǔ)是表示身體部位/音容笑貌的名詞+有靈動(dòng)詞
(1)My fingers shk with anger, s that I culd nt g n sewing.我氣得手指發(fā)抖,沒(méi)法繼續(xù)縫了。
(2)I was relieved when a bright, sweet vice interrupted us.
(3)The mment he saw the familiar handwriting, tears welled up in his eyes.
他一看到熟悉的字跡,便淚如泉涌
3、The sight/thught ... f sth.+made sb.+表情感的形容詞/filled sb. with+表情感的名詞
常見(jiàn)的表示行為或動(dòng)作的名詞有:sight, thught, sense, visit, arrival等。
謂語(yǔ):send, remind, embarrass, bre, drive (驅(qū)使)等動(dòng)詞。
(1)The thught f getting lst in such darkness filled us with wrry and fear
At the thught f hmewrk, I frwned.
(2)表自然現(xiàn)象等的名詞+有靈動(dòng)詞
The thick fg blanketed the field. 濃霧籠罩著整個(gè)大地。
(3)表時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞+witnessed/fund/saw+名詞
The fllwing year saw the death f his mther. 第二年他的媽媽去世了。
The path led us t an ancient twn. 沿著小路,我們來(lái)到一個(gè)古鎮(zhèn)。
4、無(wú)生命事物做主語(yǔ),用于結(jié)尾
(1)The wrds still lingered in ne’s mind. 那些話還縈繞在心頭
(2)The experience enlightened him 這段經(jīng)歷讓他明白...
(3)The stry taught us that never shuld we judge a bk by its cver.
(二)定語(yǔ)從句
1、名詞/代詞+that/wh/where ...等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
名詞/代詞指物時(shí),用that/which, 指人時(shí)用that/wh/whm,
指地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間時(shí),從句中缺狀語(yǔ),分別用where, when, 名詞是reasn,從句中缺狀語(yǔ)用why。
(1)He tk her dwn t a rm where there were bks and pictures.
(2)She lked at the presents fr her mther which were in a basket under a chair.
2、名詞/代詞, which/wh/where/as ...等引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
主句與從句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。which可譯為“這一點(diǎn)”, as引導(dǎo)該句式意為“正如”。
(1)Hannah, wh had brught wd, made a fire.漢娜帶來(lái)了木柴,燃起了爐火。
(2)He kept a perfectly calm tne, which calmed me dwn他的語(yǔ)氣非常平靜,這使我平靜下來(lái)。
3、主句, whse+表身體部位的名詞+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 whse+ n.作定語(yǔ)
(1)The twins gazed at their mther, whse eyes were filled with tears f jy.
(三)狀語(yǔ)從句
1、形容詞(短語(yǔ)), 主+謂…… 表達(dá)人物做某動(dòng)作的原因、結(jié)果或狀態(tài),可放在句首或句末,增強(qiáng)感染力。
(1)Exhausted, he flpped dwn int a chair.他筋疲力盡,一屁股坐到椅子上。
(2)Eager t see her belved daughter, the wman quickened her pace twards the building.(因?yàn)椋┘庇谝?jiàn)到她心愛(ài)的女兒,這位婦女加快步伐向那座建筑物走去。
2 、as/thugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
(1)Hard as he wrked, he still culdn't catch up with the rest f the class.
盡管他很努力,但他仍然趕不上班上的其他同學(xué)。
(2)Brave as he appeared, he was actually trembling with fear inside.
盡管他看起來(lái)很勇敢,但內(nèi)心實(shí)際上在因害怕而顫抖。
(四)非謂語(yǔ)
1、 V-ing,主句或者主句, V-ing. (兩動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)
Shuting fr help, he ran twards the nearest huse. 他大聲呼救著,跑向最近的房子。
Feeling ecstatic,she dashed ut f the rm like a wind. 她(感到)欣喜若狂,像風(fēng)一樣沖出了房間。
He ran acrss the finish line, grinning with pride and jy.
他跑過(guò)終點(diǎn)線時(shí),驕傲和喜悅的笑容洋溢在臉上。
2、Having dne sth, 主句. (兩動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生)
(1)Having waved gdbye, she turned and walked away.
揮手告別后,她轉(zhuǎn)身離去。
(2)Having finished the wrk, he felt a great sense f achievement.
完成這項(xiàng)工作后,他感到了一種巨大的成就感。
3、V-ed,主句,V-ing. (情緒形容詞+2個(gè)動(dòng)作)
Relieved and verjyed,we yelled at the helicpter,trying t catch its attentin.
我們松了一口氣,欣喜若狂,對(duì)直升機(jī)大喊大叫,試圖引起它的注意。
Regretful and embarrassed. I admitted the lack f cnsideratin, lnging fr anther chance t make it up. 遺憾和尷尬,我承認(rèn)缺乏考慮,渴望再有一次機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)。
(五)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
1、邏輯主語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)(ing/ed/t d), 主句.
(With)tears welling up in his eyes , he thanked the plice in a trembling vice.
(With)With everything well prepared, they carried the breakfast upstairs.
(With)With lads f hmewrk t d, I had n ptin but t deal with it.
2、獨(dú)立主格-常用肢體語(yǔ)言:
Eyes filled with tears,sb did sth. (眼里被淚水填滿,某人做某事)
Face blushing scarlet, he aplgized fr what he had lne. (羞愧臉紅,道歉)
Her heart burning with frustratin,she did sth.(內(nèi)心因沮喪而燃燒煎熬,她...)
(六)巧用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
1、with+情感名詞/with ne's eyes full f/filled with +(tears f+)情感名詞,主+謂
如with delight/anger/terrr“高興地/生氣地/驚恐地”等或with ne’s eyes full f/filled with happiness“雙眸里滿是喜悅”等作伴隨狀語(yǔ),可使描寫(xiě)更生動(dòng)。
(1)Mrs. Fairfax annunced with great excitement that she was planning a huse-party.
(2)He frze, with his eyes full f hrrr. 他呆住了,眼里滿是恐懼。
2、with+sth.+ding/dne/t d +主+謂 該結(jié)構(gòu)表原因、結(jié)果或伴隨狀態(tài)。
如with a wave f excitement welling up inside her“一陣激動(dòng)涌上心頭”。
(1)He std silently, with tears rlling dwn his cheeks.
他靜靜地站著,眼淚流下他的臉頰。
(2)With her plan ruined, she let ut/uttered a cry f anger
她的計(jì)劃被毀,她憤怒地大叫一聲。
3、 with+(形容詞)+身體部位的名詞+主+謂
如with her pale lips“用她蒼白的嘴唇”, with her trembling hand“用她顫抖的手”等。
(1)He pened the dr with a shaking hand.他用顫抖的手打開(kāi)了門(mén)。
(七)名詞性從句添亮點(diǎn)
1、 主語(yǔ)從句
(1)That/Whether/Wh-等引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句+謂語(yǔ)
What interested us mst were three crsses in red ink.我們最感興趣的是用紅墨水畫(huà)的三個(gè)叉。
(2)it形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句: it be+adj.(clear/bvius...)+that從句
It was bvius that she culd d nthing but wait.
2、賓語(yǔ)從句
(1)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+that/what/whether...+賓語(yǔ)從句
從句作賓語(yǔ),位于及物動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞或介詞(短語(yǔ))之后,如表“是否”用if/whether引導(dǎo)。
J discvered that Laurie lved bks as much as she did.瓊發(fā)現(xiàn)羅瑞和她一樣愛(ài)書(shū)。
3、表語(yǔ)從句
(1)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+that/what/when...+表語(yǔ)從句
it seems/lks as if/thugh“看似……”。
The fact is that a small smile may make a big difference.事實(shí)是一個(gè)小小的微笑可能會(huì)有很大的不同。
4、同位語(yǔ)從句
(1)名詞+that/whether/wh-等引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句
該句式中的名詞通常是表事實(shí)的抽象名詞,如fact, hpe, idea, news, thught, advice, dubt等。
I received a message that I was wanted in the cabin.我收到消息,說(shuō)船艙那需要我過(guò)去。
5、表“某人想到……”的句式,比sb. thught+that 從句更高級(jí)。
(1)idea, thught ...+ hit/struck/ccurred t/dawned n sb.
也可用it作形式主語(yǔ):構(gòu)成It suddenly hit/struck/ccurred t/dawned n sb. that ...
Then it struck/hit/ccurred t Arthur that it was he that culd slve the prblem at that mment.
然后亞瑟想到那時(shí)就是他可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
(2) sth. crssed/flashed thrugh/came t/ppped int sb.’s mind
該句式也可用it作形式主語(yǔ): It crssed/flashed thrugh/came t/ppped int sb.’s mind that...。
The thught crssed her mind that she had left the dr pen.她突然想起她沒(méi)關(guān)門(mén)。
(3)ne’s mind began t race/ne’s mind raced某人開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)腦筋/某人拼命地轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)腦筋
該句式中race意為“快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。
My mind raced as I tried t wrk ut what was happening.
(八)借虛擬語(yǔ)氣傳情達(dá)意
1、主語(yǔ)+wish sb. did/had dne/culd d真希望……
對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的假設(shè)用did或were;對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的假設(shè)用had dne;
對(duì)將來(lái)事實(shí)的假設(shè)用wuld/culd/might d。
(1)“I wish we culd help him t earn mney,”said Clara.
2、Withut/But fr+名詞,sb. wuld d/wuld have dne沒(méi)有/要不是……的話,某人就……
對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的假設(shè)用wuld d; 對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的假設(shè)用wuld have dne。
(1)Withut setbacks, ur life wuld nt be filled with wnderful stries.
如果沒(méi)有挫折,我們的人生就不會(huì)充滿精彩的故事。
(2)But fr this experience, I wuldn’t have realized I shuld spend mre time with my family.
要不是這次經(jīng)歷,我不會(huì)意識(shí)到我應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和家人在一起。
3、if nly sb. did/had dne要是……就好了
If nly+主語(yǔ)+did/were現(xiàn)在的愿望;
If nly+主語(yǔ)+had dne過(guò)去的愿望;
If nly+主語(yǔ)+culd d將來(lái)的愿望。
(1)If nly she had nt left her mbile phne in that bag with Tm.
(九)構(gòu)建極具畫(huà)面感的倒裝句
1、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) (副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)) 全部倒裝
In frnt f her was anther lng passage . 在她的前面是另一條長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的通道
(2)Dwn the hill ran the children.孩子們跑下山了。
(3)Hearing the dg barking fiercely, away fled the thief.聽(tīng)到狗狂吠,小偷逃走了。
2、否定詞(seldm, rarely, never, little)放在句首,后面句子用“一般疑問(wèn)句”語(yǔ)序
(1)Never did she expect that a simple act f kindness wuld change smene's life frever.
她從未料到一次簡(jiǎn)單的善舉會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)改變一個(gè)人的生活。
(2)Hardly culd the family cntain their jy when they received the gd news.
當(dāng)收到這個(gè)好消息時(shí),這家人幾乎無(wú)法抑制他們的喜悅。
(3)N sner had I had finished the ice cream than mm came in.
3、nly+狀語(yǔ) (部分倒裝)
(1)Only with father’s help culd the twins finish cking the breakfast
(2)Only when he faced a challenge did he realize his true ptential.
只有當(dāng)他面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí),他才意識(shí)到自己的真正潛力。
4、 ... ... (部分倒裝)
(1)S exhausted was my father that he fell asleep as sn as his head hit the pillw.我父親太累了,以至于他頭一碰到枕頭就睡著了。
(2)Such a funny stry that it still lingered in his mind.
5、Nt nly+倒裝,but als +陳述語(yǔ)氣
(1)Nt nly was Jane exhausted and hungry, but she was als regretful fr what she had dne.
(十)適時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)
1、 It is/was ... wh/that ... 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 (點(diǎn)題)
(1)It was thrugh cmmitment and sweat that I can change myself inside and ut.
正是通過(guò)投入和汗水,我才能徹底改變自己。
(2)It was yur effrt that determined whether yu can succeed.是你的努力決定你是否成功。
(3)It was n that day that he realized that what his sn needed was nthing but cmpany.
是在那一天,他才意識(shí)到他兒子需要的僅僅是陪伴。
(十一)恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用感嘆
1 What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)
(1)What a terrible expressin he had n his face!
2 What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))!
3 Hw+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!/
(1)Hw terrible an expressin he had n his face!
4 Hw +形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!/Hw+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!
(十二)生動(dòng)形象的比喻
1、明喻:A+表“像”的詞匯+B A像B
明喻是將具有某種共同特征的兩種不同事物連接起來(lái)的一種修辭手法。
明喻的標(biāo)志詞常用like, as, as if/thugh。
(1)filled with+情緒, sb d like a ...
Filled with rage, he charged me like a furius bull.他滿腔怒火,如公牛向我沖來(lái)
Falling int sadness, Rse buried her face in her arms like a deflated balln. 泄了氣的氣球
Drwned in laughter, Jimmy dashed ut f the schl gate like a free bird.
2、明喻:A+as +adj./adv.+as + a(n) +B
常見(jiàn)的as ... as ...結(jié)構(gòu)有:as busy as a bee忙忙碌碌; as hungry as a wlf饑腸轆轆;
as prud as a peacck傲如孔雀; as brave as a lin勇猛如獅; as pretty as a picture美如畫(huà)
as nervus as a cat n ht bricks 急得像熱鍋上的螞蟻 as pale as a sheet 蒼白的像一張床單
3、暗喻:A+be動(dòng)詞+B A是B
暗喻是直接將A事物當(dāng)作B事物描寫(xiě), A和B事物之間的聯(lián)系或相似之處是暗含的。不用like, as if等標(biāo)志詞,通過(guò)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。
(1)Life is an unexplred river, full f twists and turns.生活就像一條未被涉足的河流,有各種曲折。
(2)He just parrts what ther peple say.他只會(huì)鸚鵡學(xué)舌。
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