（考試時間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：140分）
注意事項：
1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。
2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
I.Listening Cmprehensin （第1-10題, 每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questins yu have heard.
1. A. In a library.B. In a bkstre.
C. In an ffice.D. In a furniture stre.
2. A. Three.B. SixC. Nine. D. Twelve.
3. A. Mther and sn.B. Teacher and parent.
C. Husband and wife.D. Teacher and student.
4. A. Dubtful.B. Excited.C. Frustrated.D. Indifferent.
5. A. He had a wrthy trip.B. He didn’t enjy the trip.
C. The trip was t exhausting.D. The trip tk him by surprise.
6. A. Press the buttn f every flr.
B. Take anther lift dwn t the 7th flr.
C. Ask the wman which flr she’s ging t.
D. Stay in the same lift t g dwn t his flr.
7. A. The size f the electric vehicle market.
B. A new trend in the car making industry.
C. The very prfitable business f making cakes.
D. Hw manufacturers prfit frm making electric cars.
8. A. The wman was a new custmer f the garage.
B. The wman called t make a cmplaint abut the garage’s service.
C. The wman hadn’t expected the maintenance service t take s lng.
D. The wman was satisfied with the imprvement in the garage’s service.
9. A. The man didn’t intend t make the wman unhappy.
B. The man thught the wman was being unreasnable.
C. The man believed the wman had misunderstd him.
D. The man wanted t say smething upsetting t the wman.
10. A. The wman may need t reevaluate her pririties.
B. The wman shuld deal with the urgent matters first.
C. The wman has failed t take care f the urgent matters.
D. The wman shuld keep track f everything using a t-d list.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. He was laughed at by ther students.
B. He was interested in studying in his yuth.
C. He gt his graduate degree at the age f 60.
D. He made his fellw students mre pen-minded.
12. A. Cnsiderate.B. Independent.C. Intelligent.D. Energetic.
13. A. It is never t late t learn. B. Tw heads are better than ne.
C. A friend in need is friend indeed. D. Yu can’t teach an ld dg new tricks.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Alert.B. Unfcused.C. Awake.D. Busy.
15. A. They are slutin prviders.B. They are a surce f inspiratin.
C. They are nrmally full f bad news.D. They are mre educatinal than websites.
16. A. Drink mre cffee.
B. Scrll thrugh news websites.
C. Allw urselves sme time t relax.
D. Release ur stress with cnstant cmplaints.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Open.B. Selfish.C. Friendly.D. Reserved.
18. A. They stay quiet.B. They read a bk.
C. They talk abut the weather.D. They chat with fellw passengers.
19. A. She was always treated as a freigner.
B. She was eager t visit an English castle.
C. She was never invited t a clleague’s hme.
D. She was unwilling t make friends with wrkmates.
20. A. Huses are much quieter.B. Huses prvide mre privacy.
C. They want t have mre space. D. They want a garden f their wn.
【聽力答案】1-5 BBCDA 6-10 DBCAA 11-13 DDA 14-16 BCC 17-20 DACB
【備注：聽力音頻文字稿附文檔末尾】
II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
What Can One City D?
Peple arund the wrld are cncerned abut glbal warming and are talking abut ways t stp it. The city f Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States, is ding mre than just talking. Cambridge wants t becme a wrld leader in energy-efficient buildings.
Tday, Naema Omar is imprving her 80-year-ld huse in Cambridge. T keep the heat inside in the winter, she is filling the space inside the walls with insulatin(絕緣). Insulatin is usually made frm chemicals, but in her huse, she is using 21 new - insulatin made frm recycled blue jeans and ther clthes. She has als put in a new type f light called an LED lamp 22 uses nly a tiny amunt f electricity. The light-bulbs in it last fr 20 t 30 years befre needing 23 (change).
But ec-friendly insulatin and lighting are much mre expensive than the usual kind 24 ________many peple in Cambridge can’t affrd them. A grup called Cambridge Energy Alliance (CEA) 25 (wrk) t slve this prblem. They want t help every resident and business in the city cnserve energy. Peple can ask the grup t cme and lk at 26 they can make their huse r ffice building ec-friendly. The CEA then makes them a plan t save 15 t 30 percent n heating, gas, water, and electricity. Then the grup help peple brrw mney t pay fr the imprvements. The mney that peple save by being 27 (efficient) shuld be enugh t pay back the lan.
It was ten years ag that the city f Cambridge decided t try t reduce its carbn emissins. Mre than 80 percent f the carbn dixide 28 (prduce) in Cambridge cmes frm buildings - nt frm cars 29 successful, the prgram will nt nly save a lt f energy but als make new jbs fr lcal peple. Wrkers 30 (need) t put in insulatin, install better drs and windws, and make ther energy imprvements n buildings. The CEA hpes that their prgram will be an example fr ther cities.
【答案】
21．smething 22．that/which 23．t be changed/changing 24．s that 25．is wrking 26．hw 27．mre efficient 28．prduced 29．If/Once 30．will be needed
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹劍橋大學關(guān)注全球變暖情況，希望成為世界上節(jié)能建筑的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。
21．考查不定代詞。句意：隔熱材料通常是由化學物質(zhì)制成的，但在她的房子里，她使用了一些新的東西——由回收的藍色牛仔褲和其他衣服制成的隔熱材料。根據(jù)句意可知，此空應(yīng)填smething，在本句中作賓語，符合句意。故填smething。
22．考查定語從句。句意：她還引入了一種新型的光，稱為LED燈，這種燈只需要很少量的電。分析句子可知，這里考查定語從句，先行詞為an LED lamp，為物，在從句中作主語。故填that/which。
23．考查非謂語。句意：里面的燈泡在需要更換之前可以使用20到30年。分析句子可知，這里考查need t be dne或者need ding，均表示“需要被做”，為固定搭配。故填t be changed/changing。
24．考查連詞。句意：但環(huán)保隔熱和照明比通常的要貴得多，所以劍橋的許多人買不起。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填連詞，再由句意可知，應(yīng)填s that表“所以”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。故填s that。
25．考查時態(tài)。句意：一個名為劍橋能源聯(lián)盟（CEA）的組織正在努力解決這個問題。分析句子可知，這里考查謂語動詞，由句意可知，這里表示“劍橋能源聯(lián)盟的組織正在努力解決”，所以這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進行時，且主語為A grup，為單數(shù)形式。故填is wrking。
26．考查賓語從句。句意：人們可以請小組來看看如何使他們的房子或辦公樓環(huán)保。分析句子可知，這里考查賓語從句，由句意可知，這里應(yīng)表示“如何使他們的房子或辦公樓環(huán)保”，所以這里應(yīng)用連接副詞hw。故填hw。
27．考查形容詞比較級。句意：人們通過提高效率節(jié)省的錢應(yīng)該足以償還貸款。由上文The CEA then makes them a plan t save 15 t 30 percent n heating, gas, water, and electricity可知，這里表示“更加有效率”，所以應(yīng)用比較級。故填mre efficient。
28．考查非謂語。句意：劍橋80%以上的二氧化碳來自建筑，而不是汽車。分析句子可知，這里考查非謂語，the carbn dixide與prduce為被動關(guān)系，再由句意可知，這里應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作定語。故填prduced。
29．考查連詞。句意：如果該計劃成功，不僅可以節(jié)省大量能源，還可以為當?shù)厝藙?chuàng)造新的就業(yè)機會。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填連詞，由句意可知，可填if或者nce，構(gòu)成條件狀語從句，且句首時首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填I(lǐng)f/Once。
30．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：工人們將需要安裝隔熱材料，安裝更好的門窗，并對建筑物進行其它能源改進。分析句子可知，這里考查謂語動詞， Wrkers與need為被動關(guān)系，且由前句可知，這里時態(tài)也應(yīng)用一般將來時。故填will be needed。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
“It was a wave f water,” says Oulimata Sambe. She pints ut the still-sdden(濕透的) armchairs, muddy wardrbe and the water stain a metre and a half up the wall in her small huse in Ngr, a fishing village within Dakar, the capital f Senegal. “I had tw grandkids n my bed, I had t 31 them ut f the windw,” she adds. Nt faraway, underpasses n Dakar’s scenic crniche(濱海路) became car- 32 lakes. Just weeks earlier anther dwnpur had turned quiet streets in Dakar int raging rivers and cllapsed a sectin f mtrway.
33 events regularly ccur acrss the regin. Recent flding and landslides als killed eight peple in Freetwn, the capital f Sierra Lene. In June flding killed 12 peple in Abidjan, the cmmercial capital f Ivry Cast. Flds in Lags, Nigeria’s cmmercial capital, 34 anther seven lives. Even when they are nt deadly, city flds ruin lives and livelihds. Strm water recently flded the biggest textile market in Kan, a city in nrthern Nigeria, destrying hundreds f thusands f dllars’ wrth f 35 .
Unusually heavy rains have becme 36 mre cmmn ver the past 30 years, leaving huge numbers f peple at risk. In places this is partly because f defrestatin. A recent study by Christpher Taylr f the UK Centre fr Eclgy and Hydrlgy, a research institute, and his cauthrs fund that afternn 37 in defrested parts f castal west Africa happen twice as ften cmpared with 30 years ag. Their frequency went up by nly abut a third in places that kept their frests.
Yet 38 flding f cities in west Africa is nt nly caused by heavier rain. Unplanned urbanizatin is als t blame. As cities have grwn, builders have thrwn up cncrete walls with little 39 abut prviding drainage, making it harder fr water t find a clear path t the sea. As ever larger areas have been paved ver, there has been less expsed sil int which water can gently 40 away. And as cites get mre packed with new arrivals, their few functining drains get verwhelmed r clgged.
【答案】
31．B 32．J 33．H 34．A 35．C 36．E 37．G 38．D 39．K 40．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在過去的30年里，不尋常的暴雨變得越來越常見，使大量的人處于危險之中，以及造成這個結(jié)果的原因。
31．考查動詞。句意：我的床上有兩個孫子，我不得不把他們從窗戶里疏散出去。分析句子可知，空前為had t，此處應(yīng)為動詞原形，構(gòu)成had t d“不得不做某事”，evacuate“疏散”為動詞，符合句意。故選B項。
32．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在不遠的地方，達喀爾風景秀麗的濱海大道上的地下通道變成了吞噬汽車的湖泊。分析句子可知，空后為名詞lakes，此處應(yīng)和空前car構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞修飾lakes，結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在分詞作與car，構(gòu)成car- swallwing“吞噬汽車的”復(fù)合形容詞，符合句意。故選J項。
33．考查形容詞。句意：類似的事件在整個地區(qū)經(jīng)常發(fā)生。分析句子可知，空后events為名詞，此處應(yīng)為形容詞形式作定語修飾該名詞，Similar“類似的，相似的”為形容詞，符合句意。故選H項。
34．考查動詞。句意：尼日利亞商業(yè)之都拉各斯的洪水又奪走了7條生命。分析句子可知，此處為動詞的填入，作句子的謂語成分，claimed“使喪生，致命”為動詞，符合句意。故選A項。
35．考查名詞。句意：最近，暴雨淹沒了尼日利亞北部城市卡諾最大的紡織品市場，摧毀了價值數(shù)十萬美元的紡織品。分析句子可知，此處為金錢+wrth f sth“價值多少錢的東西”，所以此處為名詞形式，fabrics“ 紡織品”為名詞，符合句意。故選C項。
36．考查副詞。句意：在過去的30年里，不尋常的暴雨變得越來越常見，使大量的人處于危險之中。分析句子可知，空后mre cmmn為形容詞，此處應(yīng)為副詞作狀語修飾該形容詞，significantly“顯著地”為副詞，符合句意。故選E項。
37．考查名詞。句意：英國生態(tài)與水文研究中心的Christpher Taylr和他的合作者最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在西非沿海森林被砍伐的地區(qū)，下午的暴風雨發(fā)生的頻率是30年前的兩倍。分析句子可知，空前為that afternn指代某物，空后為in defrested parts f castal west Africa介詞短語，此處應(yīng)為名詞形式，rainstrms“暴風雨”為名詞，符合句意。故選G項。
38．考查形容詞。句意：然而，西非城市的經(jīng)常性洪水不僅僅是由暴雨引起的。分析句子可知，空后為名詞短語flding f cities，此處應(yīng)為形容詞形式修飾該名詞短語，regular“經(jīng)常性的”為形容詞，符合句意。故選D項。
39．考查名詞。句意：隨著城市的發(fā)展，建筑商在修建混凝土墻時幾乎沒有考慮到排水問題，這使得水更難找到一條暢通的入海通道。分析句子可知，空前l(fā)ittle為形容詞，此處應(yīng)為名詞形式，thught“想法”為名詞，符合句意。故選K項。
40．考查動詞短語。句意：隨著越來越多的地區(qū)被鋪砌，可供水慢慢滲入的裸露土壤也越來越少。分析句子可知，此處為動詞形式作句子的謂語成分，和空后的away構(gòu)成動詞短語，sink away“逐漸消失或降低”為動詞短語，符合句意。故選F項。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
An idea whse time has cme: the fur-day wrkweek
The fur-day wrkweek’s mment has arrived. With Califrnia Cngressman Mark Takan’s intrductin f legislatin t reduce the standard wrkweek frm 40 t 32 hurs, awareness f a shrter wrkweek－and 41 fr it－is gaining. And s is the skepticism arund it.
Initial skepticism is a(n) 42 respnse t a great change in hw we think abut wrk. American wrk culture has been defined by ideals f career as identity, wrkahlism and ambitins fr cntinuus grwth. It is nt 43 t free urselves frm the nly reality we knw.
And yet, if there were ever a right time, this is it. Fr s many, the muscles f adaptatin have 44 ver the past tw years with every challenge brught n by the pandemic and ther glbal crises. The rapid, significant transitin acrss industries t wrking frm hme prvided evidence that we can 45 quickly in respnse t changing cnditins. Nw, we have an pprtunity t exercise these muscles t 46 evlve frm utdated cnceptins f what wrk must lk like.
Fur-day wrkweek pilts are emerging acrss the glbe, with sme cmpanies nw shifting frm the 47 stage t implementing the plicy permanently. Micrsft Japan, Unilever New Zealand and Kick-starter represent just a few f a grwing number f rganizatins explring the fur-day wrkweek. 48 plitical leaders are vicing supprt fr the cncept. Last year, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem apprved emplyers implementing a fur-day wrkweek t help stimulate dmestic turism in respnse t industry dwnturn brught n by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Advcates mentin many 49 , including reduced burnut, imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and psitive envirnment impacts. It is easy t imagine what we might d with an additinal day-spend time with family and friends, pursue a hbby, enrll in classes, sleep. Many in favr f the fur-day wrkweek envisin a mre 50 and rested cmmunity. Pilt findings shw increased prductivity as well. Amng cmpanies that have adpted a fur-day week, nearly tw-thirds reprt increased prductivity.
Sme leaders will see the research and be 51 that a pilt in their rganizatin is wrthwhile. Other will resist the idea. What theries r beliefs are at the the rt f their cncerns? Many leaders were taught that face-time with emplyees is the nly way t ensure accuntability, prductivity and teamwrk. Less face-time, which fllws the fur-day wrkweek mdel and wrk-frm-hme arrangements, can feel t sme like 52 cntrl.
Fr leaders f rganizatins and teams, the shift t a fur-day wrkweek requires re-imagining standard perating prcedures, increasing innvatin and, perhaps mst imprtantly, trusting in 53 . Let emplyees wrk ut the details rather than trying t “slve” the fur-day wrkweek challenge 54 . Awin, a Berlin-based teach firm, saw 80 emplyees vlunteer fr task frces t ensure that their switch t a fur-day wrkweek went smthly. Thse wh are clsest t the wrk and ptential challenges are ften clsest t the 55 . The website als ffers many resurces t help cmpanies design a fur-day wrkweek pilt.
41．A．dislikeB．substitutinC．respnsibilityD．enthusiasm
42．A．delayedB．reasnableC．incrrectD．fficial
43．A．lateB．practicalC．easyD．impssible
44．A．lsenB．hurtC．strengthenedD．trembled
45．A．withdrawB．failC．defendD．a(chǎn)dapt
46．A．intentinallyB．traditinallyC．incidentallyD．hpelessly
47．A．centerB．recveryC．designD．pilt
48．A．As a resultB．What’s mreC．By cntrastD．In fact
49．A．cncernsB．a(chǎn)ssumptinsC．threatsD．benefits
50．A．islatedB．experiencedC．fulfilledD．mdernized
51．A．remindedB．cnvincedC．infrmedD．warned
52．A．a(chǎn) sense fB．a(chǎn) drain nC．a(chǎn) lss fD．a(chǎn) waste f
53．A．emplyeesB．a(chǎn)dvcatesC．campaignersD．leaders
54．A．frm the scratch B．frm the bttm up
C．frm the middleD．frm the tp dwn
55．A．risksB．prceduresC．slutinsD．resurces
【答案】
41．D 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．D 50．C 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新的四小時工作周這種全新的慣例在社會上引起的懷疑，支持和試點等情況。
41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著加利福尼亞州眾議員Mark Takan提出將標準工作周從40小時減少到32小時的立法，人們對縮短工作周的認識和熱情正在增強。A. dislike不喜歡；B. substitutin替換；C. respnsibility責任；D. enthusiasm熱情。根據(jù)后文“Advcates mentin many______, including reduced burnut, imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and psitive envirnment impacts.”可知，倡導(dǎo)者提到了許多益處，包括減少倦怠、改善身心健康、增加性別公平和對環(huán)境的積極影響，推斷出人們對縮短工作周的認識和熱情正在增強。故選D項。
42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的懷疑是對我們看待工作的方式發(fā)生巨大變化的合理回應(yīng)。A. delayed定時的；延期的；B. reasnable合情合理的；C. incrrect不正確的；D. fficial正式的；官方的。根據(jù)后文“American wrk culture has been defined by ideals f career as identity, wrkahlism and ambitins fr cntinuus grwth.”可知，美國的工作文化被職業(yè)理想定義為身份認同、工作狂和持續(xù)成長的抱負，這些與將標準工作周從40小時減少到32小時的立法產(chǎn)生了理念上的不同，推斷出人們最初的懷疑是對我們看待工作的方式發(fā)生巨大變化的合理回應(yīng)。故選B項。
43．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要把自己從我們所知道的唯一現(xiàn)實中解放出來并不容易。A. late遲的；B. practical實際的；C. easy容易的；D. impssible不可能的。根據(jù)前文“American wrk culture has been defined by ideals f career as identity, wrkahlism and ambitins fr cntinuus grwth.”可知，美國的工作文化被職業(yè)理想定義為身份認同、工作狂和持續(xù)成長的抱負，這些觀念根深蒂固，所以推斷出要把自己從我們所知道的唯一現(xiàn)實中解放出來并不容易。故選C項。
44．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對許多人來說，在過去兩年里，隨著疫情和其他全球危機帶來的每一個挑戰(zhàn)，適應(yīng)的力量都在增強。A. lsen解開；松開；B. hurt傷害；C. strengthened強化；D. trembled戰(zhàn)栗。根據(jù)后文“The rapid, significant transitin acrss industries t wrking frm hme prvided evidence that we can ______ quickly in respnse t changing cnditins.”可知，跨行業(yè)向在家工作的快速、重大轉(zhuǎn)變提供了證據(jù)，證明我們可以快速適應(yīng)不斷變化的條件，從而推斷出對許多人來說，在過去兩年里，隨著疫情和其他全球危機帶來的每一個挑戰(zhàn)，適應(yīng)的力量都在增強。故選C項。
45．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：跨行業(yè)向在家工作的快速、重大轉(zhuǎn)變提供了證據(jù)，證明我們可以快速適應(yīng)不斷變化的條件。A. withdraw撤退；B. fail失??；C. defend防衛(wèi)；D. adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)前文“Fr s many, the muscles f adaptatin have _____ ver the past tw years with every challenge brught n by the pandemic and ther glbal crises.”可知，對許多人來說，在過去兩年里，隨著疫情和其他全球危機帶來的每一個挑戰(zhàn)，適應(yīng)的力量都在增強，證明我們可以快速適應(yīng)不斷變化的條件。故選D項。
46．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我們有機會鍛煉這些權(quán)力，有意地從工作必須是什么樣子的過時觀念中進化出來。A. intentinally有意地；B. traditinally傳統(tǒng)地；C. incidentally不經(jīng)意地；D. hpelessly絕望地。根據(jù)前文“we have an pprtunity t exercise these muscles”可知，我們有機會鍛煉這些權(quán)力，推斷出我們應(yīng)該有意地從工作必須是什么樣子的過時觀念中進化出來。故選A項。
47．考查名詞形容詞詞義辨析。句意：全球各地正在興起每周四天工作制試點，一些公司現(xiàn)在從試點階段轉(zhuǎn)向永久實施該政策。A. center中心；B. recvery恢復(fù)；C. design設(shè)計；D. pilt試點的。根據(jù)前文“Fur-day wrkweek pilts are emerging acrss the glbe”可知，全球各地正在興起每周四天工作制試點，推斷出一些公司現(xiàn)在從試點階段轉(zhuǎn)向永久實施該政策。故選D項。
48．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：此外，政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表示支持這一概念。 A. As a result結(jié)果；B. What’s mre此外；C. By cntrast相比之下；D. In fact事實上。根據(jù)后文“Last year, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem apprved emplyers implementing a fur-day wrkweek t help stimulate dmestic turism in respnse t industry dwnturn brught n by the COVID-19 pandemic.”可知去年，新西蘭總理杰辛達·阿德姆批準雇主實施每周四天工作制，以幫助刺激國內(nèi)旅游業(yè)，以應(yīng)對新冠肺炎疫情帶來的行業(yè)低迷，進一步說明政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表示支持這一概念。故選B項。
49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：倡導(dǎo)者提到了許多好處，包括減少倦怠、改善身心健康、提高性別公平以及對環(huán)境的積極影響。A. cncerns關(guān)注；B. assumptins假設(shè)；C. threats威脅；D. benefits利益；好處。根據(jù)后文“including reduced burnut, imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and psitive envirnment impacts”可知，減少倦怠、改善身心健康、提高性別公平以及對環(huán)境的積極影響這些都是實施每周四天工作制的好處。故選D項。
50．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多贊成每周工作四天的人設(shè)想一個更加滿意的和休息得好的社會。 A. islated孤立的；B. experienced有經(jīng)驗的；C. fulfilled覺得滿意的；D. mdernized現(xiàn)代化的。根據(jù)前文“It is easy t imagine what we might d with an additinal day-spend time with family and friends, pursue a hbby, enrll in classes, sleep.”可知，很容易想象到能夠多花一天時間與家人和朋友在一起，追求一種愛好，參加課程，睡覺等，這些都是人們設(shè)想的一個更加感覺滿意和休息的好的社會。故選C項。
51．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會看到這項研究，并相信在他們的組織中進行試點是值得的。A. reminded提醒；B. cnvinced使相信；C. infrmed告知；D. warned警告。根據(jù)前文“Amng cmpanies that have adpted a fur-day week, nearly tw-thirds reprt increased prductivity.”可知，在采用一周工作四天制的公司中，近三分之二的公司表示生產(chǎn)率有所提高，推斷出公司生產(chǎn)率的提高的這些研究，會讓一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者相信在他們的組織中進行試點是值得的。故選B項。
52．考查固定短語辨析。句意：按照每周四天工作制和在家工作的安排，面對面的時間減少，對一些人來說可能會感覺損失。A. a sense f……的感覺；B. a drain n對……消耗；C. a lss f……損失；D. a waste f……浪費。根據(jù)前文“Less face-time, which fllws the fur-day wrkweek mdel and wrk-frm-hme arrangements”可知，每周四天工作制和在家工作會讓面對面的時間減少，對一些人來說可能會感覺損失。故選C項。
53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于組織和團隊的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來說，向每周四天工作制的轉(zhuǎn)變需要重新想象標準操作程序，增加創(chuàng)新，也許最重要的是，信任員工。A. emplyees雇員；B. advcates倡導(dǎo)者；C. campaigners活動家；D. leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“Let emplyees wrk ut the details”可知，讓員工解決細節(jié)問題，說明對于組織和團隊的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來說最重要的是信任員工。故選A項。
54．考查固定短語辨析。句意：讓員工解決細節(jié)問題，而不是試圖自上而下地“解決”每周工作四天的挑戰(zhàn)。A. frm the scratch從零開始；B. frm the bttm up自下而上；C. frm the middle從中間；D. frm the tp dwn自上而下。根據(jù)前文“Fr leaders f rganizatins and teams, the shift t a fur-day wrkweek requires re-imagining standard perating prcedures, increasing innvatin and, perhaps mst imprtantly, trusting in _______.”可知，對于組織和團隊的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來說，向每周四天工作制的轉(zhuǎn)變需要重新想象標準操作程序，增加創(chuàng)新，也許最重要的是，信任員工，推斷出領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的工作重點應(yīng)是讓員工解決細節(jié)問題，而不是試圖自上而下地“解決”每周工作四天的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。
55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那些最接近工作和潛在挑戰(zhàn)的人往往最接近解決方案。A. risks冒險；B. prcedures程序；C. slutins解決方案；D. resurces資源。根據(jù)前文“Awin, a Berlin-based teach firm, saw 80 emplyees vlunteer fr task frces t ensure that their switch t a fur-day wrkweek went smthly.”可知，總部位于柏林的Awin教學公司看到80名員工自愿加入工作隊，以確保他們順利過渡到每周工作四天，推斷出這些員工中那些最接近工作和潛在挑戰(zhàn)的人往往最接近解決方案。故選C項。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Green fingers
It never ccurred t me when I was little that gardens were anything less than glamrus places. Granddad’s garden was n the bank f a river and slped gently dwn twards the water. Yu culdn’t reach the river but yu culd hear the sund f the water and the birds that sang in the trees abve. I imagined that all gardens were like this - a place f escape, peace and slitude. Granddad’s small plt f land was nthing ut f the rdinary when it came t features. He had nthing as grand as a greenhuse, unlike sme f his neighbrs. Hwever, this little piece f land bre a great part f my carefree and jyful childhd.
At hme, his sn, my father, culd be quiet and withdrawn. I wuldn’t want t make him sund humrless. He wasn’t. Silly things wuld amuse him. I came t realize that, deep dwn, he was prbably disappinted that he hadn’t made mre f his life. He left schl withut qualificatins and became a plumber apprentice. Plumbing was nt smething he was passinate abut. It was just what he did. He was never particularly ambitius, thugh there was a mment when he and Mum thught f mving t Canada, but it came t nthing. Where he came int his wn was arund the huse. He had an “eye fr the jb”. Be it bkshelves r a cupbard - what he culd achieve was astnishing. My parents mved huse nly nce in their entire married life. But my father made up fr this lack f daring when it came t furniture. Yu wuld have just gt used t the shape f ne chair when anther appeared.
As fr me, schl didn’t appeal t me much. I wanted t leave schl as sn as pssible but that seemed an unlikely prspect until ne day my father annunced, “They’ve gt a vacancy fr an apprentice gardener in the Parks Department. I thught yu might be interested.” In ne brief mment Dad had gne against his better judgment. He might still have preferred it if I became a carpenter. But I like t feel that smewhere inside him was a feeling that things might just turn ut fr the best. Maybe I’m deceiving myself, but I prefer t believe that in his heart, althugh he hated gardening himself, he’d watched me ding it fr lng enugh and nticed my unfailing passin fr all things that grew and flwered and fruited.
56．When the writer describes his granddad’s garden, he is ________.
A．prud that his granddad was such a gd gardener
B．embarrassed that the garden was nt as gd as thers nearby
C．a(chǎn)nnyed that items in the garden were ften damaged
D．psitive abut the time he spent in the garden
57．What is the writer’s attitude t his father in the secnd paragraph?
A．He was regretful that his father had nt achieved mre.
B．He was annyed that his father used wrds he didn’t understand.
C．He was sympathetic t the reasns why his father behaved as he did.
D．He was grateful that his father had nt taken the family t Canada.
58．What des the writer mean by the underlined phrase “came int his wn”?
A．was able t d smething by himself
B．was able t shw hw talented he was
C．was able t cntinue his day jb
D．was able t frget his failure
59．What des the writer think is the reasn behind his father’s decisin in the last paragraph?
A．His father did nt manage t make a better judgment.
B．His father was tired f disagreeing with his sn.
C．His father had been impressed by his sn’s lve f gardening.
D．His father came t realize the charm f gardening.
【答案】56．D 57．C 58．B 59．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者小時候受到了爺爺做園藝的熏陶，之后父親決定讓作者從事園藝的故事。
56．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Granddad’s small plt f land was nthing ut f the rdinary when it came t features. He had nthing as grand as a greenhuse, unlike sme f his neighbrs. Hwever, this little piece f land bre a great part f my carefree and jyful childhd.”（爺爺?shù)哪且恍K土地在特征方面沒有什么特別之處。他沒有像溫室一樣宏偉的東西，不像他的一些鄰居。然而，這片小小的土地承載了我無憂無慮、快樂的童年的很大一部分。）可知，作者認為爺爺?shù)幕▓@承載了自己無憂無慮、快樂的童年的很大的一部分?？赏浦?，作者對在爺爺?shù)幕▓@里度過的快樂時光是肯定的。故選D。
57．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“At hme, his sn, my father, culd be quiet and withdrawn. I wuldn’t want t make him sund humrless. He wasn’t. Silly things wuld amuse him. I came t realize that, deep dwn, he was prbably disappinted that he hadn’t made mre f his life. ”（在家里，他的兒子，我的父親，安靜又孤僻。我不想讓他聽起來毫無幽默感。他沒有（幽默感）。像孩子一般的可笑的事情也會逗他開心。我開始意識到，在內(nèi)心深處，他可能因為他沒有為他的生活做出更多的貢獻而感到失望。）可知，作者意識到父親如同孩子一樣的行為源自父親的內(nèi)心深處對他沒有為生活做出更多的貢獻而感到失望。故選C。
58．推理判斷題。根據(jù)劃線句之后“He had an “eye fr the jb”. Be it bkshelves r a cupbard - what he culd achieve was astnishing. My parents mved huse nly nce in their entire married life. But my father made up fr this lack f daring when it came t furniture. Yu wuld have just gt used t the shape f ne chair when anther appeared.”（他對這份工作很有眼光，無論是書架還是櫥柜，他的成就都令人驚嘆。我父母婚后只搬過一次家。但我父親彌補了他在家具方面的膽怯。你剛剛習慣了一把椅子的形狀，另一把椅子就出現(xiàn)了。）可知，父親對于做家具很擅長，在這個領(lǐng)域可以充分展示他的天賦。所以可推知，劃線短語此處的含義為“父親能展示他自己的天賦”，故選B。
59．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But I like t feel that smewhere inside him was a feeling that things might just turn ut fr the best. Maybe I’m deceiving myself, but I prefer t believe that in his heart, althugh he hated gardening himself, he’d watched me ding it fr lng enugh and nticed my unfailing passin fr all things that grew and flwered and fruited.”（但我喜歡他內(nèi)心深處的那種感覺，覺得事情可能會變得更好。也許我在欺騙自己，但我更愿意相信在他的心里，盡管他自己討厭園藝，但他已經(jīng)看著我做了足夠長的時間，并注意到我對所有生長、開花和結(jié)果的事物的不懈熱情。）可知，對于父親決定讓作者去做園丁學徒，作者認為是因為父親看自己做了足夠長的時間，并注意到自己對所有生長、開花和結(jié)果的事物的不懈熱情。故選C。
(B)
60．Wh can apply t participate in the event?
A．High schl students interested in life science.
B．Pst-graduate students majring in mathematics.
C．MBA graduates knwledgeable abut finance.
D．Exceptinal students specializing in develping new drugs.
61．What’s the purpse f this passage?
A．T deepen tp students’ interest in innvatin.
B．T attract talent t the Innvatin Cup cmpetitin
C．T prmte the Merck cmpany arund the wrld.
D．T infrm alumni f an imprtant cnference.
62．Which f the fllwing is true abut the event?
A．Merck will cver the expenses f travel, research and fd.
B．The event plans t select 50 researchers t give presentatins.
C．The tp tw winners f the Cup will be awarded cash prizes.
D．Applicants shuld apply nline within a duratin f tw mnths.
【答案】60．D 61．B 62．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹2022年創(chuàng)新杯的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，包括比賽的參與人員、涉及領(lǐng)域等。
60．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Wh can apply”部分中的“Sciences: Pst graduate students n their way twards a PhD in bilgy, medicine, bitech, biinfrmatics, data sciences, bichemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics r engineering.(科學：攻讀生物學、醫(yī)學、生物技術(shù)、生物信息學、數(shù)據(jù)科學、生物化學、化學、藥學、物理學或工程學博士學位的研究生。)”可知選項D“Exceptinal students specializing in develping new drugs.(專門研究新藥的優(yōu)秀學生。)”符合報名條件，故選D。
61．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了2022年創(chuàng)新杯的相關(guān)信息，包括該比賽的好處、報名的方式和條件等，由此可推斷，文章主要是為了吸引人才參加創(chuàng)新杯比賽。故選B。
62．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Hw it wrks”部分中的“The participants will be divided int teams, wrk tgether t develp a business plan and present it t a grand jury, wh will award the Merck Innvatin Cup fr the best plan alng with a cash prize f EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 fr the runner-up.(參與者將被分成小組，共同制定商業(yè)計劃，并將其提交給大陪審團，大陪審團將授予最佳計劃默克創(chuàng)新杯，以及20,000歐元的現(xiàn)金獎勵和亞軍5,000歐元的獎金。)”可知，該比賽的冠軍和亞軍將被給予先進獎勵。故選C。
(C)
That everyne’s t busy these days is a cliche. But ne specific cmplaint is made frequently: There’s never any time t read. A prfessinal reader, the nvelist and critic Tim Parks, wrte in a New Yrk Review f Bks essay: “Every mment f serius reading has t be fught fr, planned fr.” Parks wrte that in June; last mnth, I finally fund time t read it.
What makes the prblem thrnier is that the usual time-management techniques dn’t seem sufficient. The web’s full f articles ffering tips n making time t read: “Give up TV” r “Carry a bk with yu at all times”. But in my experience, using such methds t free up the dd 30 minutes desn’t wrk. Sit dwn t read and the flywheel f wrk-related thughts keeps spinning — r else yu’re s exhausted that a challenging bk’s the last thing yu need. “The mdern mind,” Parks writes, “is verwhelmingly inclined tward cmmunicatin ... It is nt simply that ne is interrupted; it is that ne is actually inclined t interruptin.” Deep reading requires nt just time, but a special kind f time which can’t be btained merely by becming mre efficient.
In fact, “becming mre efficient” is part f the prblem. Thinking f time as a resurce t be maximized means yu apprach it instrumentally, judging any given mment as well spent nly in s far as it advances prgress tward sme gal. Immersive reading, by cntrast, depends n being willing t risk inefficiency, gallessness, even time-wasting. Try t slt it as a t-d list item and yu’ll manage nly gal-fcused reading — useful, smetimes, but nt the mst fulfilling kind. “The future cmes at us like empty bttles alng an unstppable and nearly infinite cnvey r belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his bk Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure t fill these different-sized bttles (days, hurs, minutes) as they pass, fr if they get by withut being filled, we will have wasted them”. N mind-set culd be wrse fr lsing yurself in a bk.
S what des wrk? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times fr reading. Yu’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle ntes, such ritualistic behaviur helps us “step utside time’s flw” int “sul time”. Yu culd limit distractins by reading nly physical bks, r n single-purpse e-readers. “Carry a bk with yu at all times” can actually wrk, t-prviding yu dip in ften enugh, s that reading becmes the default state frm which yu temprarily surface t take care f business, befre drpping back dwn. On a really gd day, it n lnger feels as if yu’re “making time t read,” but just reading, and making time fr everything else.
63．The usual time-management techniques dn’t wrk because _________.
A．what they can ffer des nt ease the mdern mind
B．what challenging bks demand it repetitive reading
C．what peple ften frget is carrying a bk with them
D．what deep reading requires cannt be guaranteed
64．The “empty bttles” metaphr illustrates that peple feel a pressure t _________.
A．update their t-d listsB．make passing time fulfilling
C．carry their plans thrughD．pursue carefree reading
65．Eberle wuld agree that scheduling regular times fr reading helps __________.
A．encurage the efficiency mind-setB．develp nline reading habits
C．prmte ritualistic readingD．a(chǎn)chieve immersive reading
66．“Carry a bk with yu at all times” can wrk if _________.
A．reading becmes yur primary business f the day
B．a(chǎn)ll the daily business has been prmptly dealt with
C．yu are able t drp back t business after reading
D．time can be evenly split fr reading and business
【答案】63．D 64．B 65．D 66．A
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們經(jīng)常抱怨沒有時間閱讀，而讓這個問題更加棘手的是，通常的時間管理技巧似乎并不足夠。因為深度閱讀不僅需要時間，而且需要一種特殊的時間，而這種時間不能僅僅通過提高效率來獲得。文章還介紹了如何實現(xiàn)沉浸式閱讀的方法。
63．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Deep reading requires nt just time, but a special kind f time which can’t be btained merely by becming mre efficient.(深度閱讀不僅需要時間，而且需要一種特殊的時間，而這種時間不能僅僅通過提高效率來獲得)”可知，通常的時間管理技巧并不奏效，因為深度閱讀所需要的內(nèi)容無法得到保證。故選D。
64．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““The future cmes at us like empty bttles alng an unstppable and nearly infinite cnvey r belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his bk Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure t fill these different-sized bttles (days, hurs, minutes) as they pass, fr if they get by withut being filled, we will have wasted them”. N mind-set culd be wrse fr lsing yurself in a bk. (Gary Eberle在他的《神圣的時間》一書中寫道：“未來就像空瓶子沿著一條不可阻擋的、幾乎無限的輸送帶向我們走來。當這些不同大小的瓶子（天、小時、分鐘）經(jīng)過時，我們感到一種把它們裝滿的壓力，因為如果它們沒有被裝滿就過去了，我們就浪費了它們?！?”可知，“空瓶子”的比喻說明，人們感到有一種壓力，要讓打發(fā)時間變得有意義。故選B。
65．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“S what des wrk? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times fr reading.(那么什么是有效的呢？也許令人驚訝的是，安排規(guī)律的閱讀時間)”可推知，Eberle認同安排規(guī)律的閱讀時間有助于實現(xiàn)沉浸式閱讀。故選D。
66．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Carry a bk with yu at all times” can actually wrk, t-prviding yu dip in ften enugh, s that reading becmes the default state frm which yu temprarily surface t take care f business, befre drpping back dwn. On a really gd day, it n lnger feels as if yu’re “making time t read,” but just reading, and making time fr everything else.(“隨時隨身攜帶一本書”實際上也能起作用——只要你經(jīng)常閱讀，那么閱讀就會成為你的默認狀態(tài)，你會暫時浮出水面處理事務(wù)，然后再回到原位。在一個非常好的日子里，你不會再覺得你“擠出時間來閱讀”，而是只是閱讀，并為其他事情騰出時間)”可知，如果閱讀成為你每天的首要任務(wù)，“隨身攜帶一本書”是可行的。故選A。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Hw t Thrive in a vide age
The pandemic embedded vide int the wrkplace. Wrkers wh had never previusly been n camera suddenly spent every hur f the day getting used t the sight f themselves and their clleagues n screen. 67
There is n ging back. Blgs have becme vlgs. Meetings are nw recrded as a matter s that peple can fail t watch them back later. Sme firms rutinely ask applicants t recrd answers t certain questins n vide, s that peple can’t see hw well prspective recruits cmmunicate.
Since vide has becme mre central t wrk, it pays t be gd at it. 68 . Wrkers can imprve under their wn steam, but cmpanies can help, t.
T see what the right set-up lks like, just bserve the range f images n yur next, vide-cnferencing call. It will prbably be a cmplete mishmash (大雜燴). Sme peple will be bathed in the warm glw f a ring light; thers will be emerging frm the shadws like the Emperr Palpatine. Obviusly, there is a limit t hw level the playing-field-between hme ffices can be, when living envirnments between emplyees differ s greatly. 69 : peple wh regularly make presentatins r see clients have greater claim n fancier equipment.
Advice n hw t present well n vide is nt that different t advice n presenting in general. But there are sme specific pitfalls with vide. One is where t lk. Staring int the camera is unnatural. Sme advice pinning a pht f smene yu respect right by the lens. But lking at the camera is harder if yu are referring t ntes n the screen at the same time. Teleprmpter (提詞器) sftware maybe the right answer.
Perhaps the least recgnised skill in the vide age is listening well. 70 — being able t turn yur camera ff when yur time is being ryally wasted may be the pandemic’s greatest gift t prductivity. Yet ne f the dwnsides is hw distracting it can be: as well as checking yurself ut and fllwing the nline chat, yu can cmment n smene’s new wallpaper while watching their neighbur shvel ndles int their muth. It takes real effrt t stay fcused in such circumstances.
【答案】67．D 68．A 69．E 70．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何在視頻時代蓬勃發(fā)展。
67．根據(jù)上文“The pandemic embedded vide int the wrkplace. Wrkers wh had never previusly been n camera suddenly spent every hur f the day getting used t the sight f themselves and their clleagues n screen.(疫情將視頻嵌入工作場所。以前從未上過鏡頭的員工突然把一天中的每一個小時都花在了習慣自己和同事在屏幕上的樣子上)”可知，上文提到了疫情期間人們開始利用視頻來工作，故本句承接上文說明雇主通過視頻對員工進行管理。故D選項“高管們意識到，他們可以向員工發(fā)送視頻信息，而不必在市政廳集會”符合語境，故選D。
68．根據(jù)上文“Since vide has becme mre central t wrk, it pays t be gd at it.(由于視頻在工作中越來越重要，擅長視頻是值得的)”以及后文“Wrkers can imprve under their wn steam, but cmpanies can help, t.(員工可以靠自己的力量進步，但公司也可以提供幫助)”可知，上文提到了擅長視頻值得，后文提到了個人和公司的努力，故本句說明值得的原因。故A選項“在視頻時代成為明星意味著要有合適的環(huán)境，說得好，聽得好”符合語境，故選A。
69．根據(jù)上文“Obviusly, there is a limit t hw level the playing-field-between hme ffices can be, when living envirnments between emplyees differ s greatly.(顯然，當員工之間的生活環(huán)境差異如此之大時，家庭辦公室之間的公平競爭環(huán)境是有限的)”以及后文“peple wh regularly make presentatins r see clients have greater claim n fancier equipment.(經(jīng)常做報告或會見客戶的人更有資格購買更高檔的設(shè)備)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出普通人是否需要像明星那樣購買高檔設(shè)備，故E選項“然而，并不是每個人都需要看起來像一線明星”符合語境，故選E。
70．根據(jù)上文“Perhaps the least recgnised skill in the vide age is listening well.(也許在視頻時代，最不被認可的技能是善于傾聽)”以及后文“being able t turn yur camera ff when yur time is being ryally wasted may be the pandemic’s greatest gift t prductivity(當你的時間被嚴重浪費時，能夠關(guān)掉相機可能是疫情給生產(chǎn)力帶來的最大禮物)”可知，上文提到了不被認可的技能是善于傾聽，后文提到了關(guān)掉相機可以提高生產(chǎn)力，可推測本句是在說明完成工作的要求。故F選項“畢竟，虛擬會議的一大好處就是你可以在其中完成實際工作”符合語境，故選F。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
What d We Knw Abut “Mathephbia”
Mathematician Mary de Lellis Gugh, wh ften bserved her struggling students fail t wrk ut mathematical prblems, cined the term ‘mathephbia’ in 1953. She described it as “a disease that prves fatal befre its presence is detected”. Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disrganizatin that arises amng sme peple when they are required t slve a mathematical prblem” and “a general fear f cntact with mathematics”.
Sian Beilck, a cgnitive scientist and her clleagues f Barnard Cllege in New Yrk have shwn that math anxiety can start as sn as we enter frmal schling. “Math is ne f the first places in schl in western cultures where we really learn abut whether we gt smething right r wrng, and are expsed t being evaluated in timed tests.”
Girls may be mre prne t it than bys. Primary schl teachers ften have high levels f math anxiety, says Beilck, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mstly female. Since yung children tend t identify with adults f the same gender, this means girls are mre likely t pick up math anxiety frm their female teachers. Having a female teacher with math anxiety makes girls mre likely t believe gendered steretypes abut math, leading t prer achievement.
“Once yu have it, it can be self-lasting. Wrrying abut it can make it wrse.” says Beilck, whse study f children between the ages f five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken perfrmance by burdening wrking memry. “As ur ability t fcus limited, ur attentin gets divided when we d mre than ne task at a time.” she says. “If yu’re wrried abut having t d math, yu may have an internal mnlgue saying yu can’t d this and at the same time yu’re trying t calculate numbers.”
When peple have math anxiety, they tend t avid the subject, as researchers frm 2019 shw. But since math builds n itself, aviding it makes it harder t catch up. “Math is fundatinal. If yu miss a certain idea, it’s harder t learn the next ne.” says Darcy Hallett. “And then yu can fall behind, which might make math mre f a targeted anxiety cmpared t ther tpics.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Mathephbia is defined as a general fear f slving maths prblems, which usually starts at schl and is revealed thrugh tests. Girls develp mathephbia mre easily under the influence f math- anxius female teachers. Children suffer pr perfrmance in math when burdened with wrry ver it. Furthermre, attempt t evade the prblem may wrsen the situatin.
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，數(shù)學恐懼癥被定義為對解決數(shù)學問題的普遍恐懼。它通常從學校開始，通過測試被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在對數(shù)學焦慮的女教師的影響下，女生更容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)學恐懼癥。孩子們在數(shù)學上的表現(xiàn)很差，因為他們對數(shù)學感到憂慮。此外，試圖逃避問題可能會使情況惡化。
【詳解】1.要點摘錄
①Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disrganizatin that arises amng sme peple when they are required t slve a mathematical prblem” and “a general fear f cntact with mathematics”.
②Sian Beilck, a cgnitive scientist and her clleagues f Barnard Cllege in New Yrk have shwn that math anxiety can start as sn as we enter frmal schling. “Math is ne f the first places in schl in western cultures where we really learn abut whether we gt smething right r wrng, and are expsed t being evaluated in timed tests.”
③Girls may be mre prne t it than bys. Primary schl teachers ften have high levels f math anxiety, says Beilck, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mstly female. Since yung children tend t identify with adults f the same gender, this means girls are mre likely t pick up math anxiety frm their female teachers.
④“Once yu have it, it can be self-lasting. Wrrying abut it can make it wrse.” says Beilck, whse study f children between the ages f five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken perfrmance by burdening wrking memry.
⑤When peple have math anxiety, they tend t avid the subject, as researchers frm 2019 shw. But since math builds n itself, aviding it makes it harder t catch up.
2.縝密構(gòu)思
將第1、2兩個要點進行整合，將3、4、5三個要點進行重組。
3.遣詞造句
Mathephbia is defined as a general fear f slving maths prblems, which usually starts at schl and is revealed thrugh tests. Girls develp mathephbia mre easily under the influence f math- anxius female teachers. Children suffer pr perfrmance in math when burdened with wrry ver it. Furthermre, attempt t evade the prblem may wrsen the situatin.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Mathephbia is defined as a general fear f slving maths prblems, which usually starts at schl and is revealed thrugh tests.（運用一個復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句對原文第一段和第二段進行了概括，其中which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句表達高級)
[高分句型2] Children suffer pr perfrmance in math when burdened with wrry ver it.（用when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句對第四段進行了概括，從句中省略了“主語+be動詞”，表達非常高級）
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．書展的門票只能提前一天在網(wǎng)上購買。(available)
【答案】Tickets fr the bk exhibitin are available nline nly ne day in advance.
【詳解】考查動詞、名詞和短語。根據(jù)句意可知本句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，“書展的門票”譯為tickets fr the bk exhibitin，tickets為主語，且為復(fù)數(shù)，系動詞應(yīng)使用are，“在網(wǎng)上購買”譯為available nline，“提前”為in advance，為固定短語，“只能”譯為nly，故翻譯為Tickets fr the bk exhibitin are available nline nly ne day in advance。
73．一個連頭盔都不肯戴的騎車人怎么可能會有安全意識？(Hw)
【答案】Hw can a cyclist wh is reluctant t wear a helmet have an awareness f safety?
【詳解】考查定語從句。首先一個“騎車的人”可以用短語a cyclist；表示“不肯帶頭盔”可以用固定搭配be reluctant t“不愿意”，戴頭盔通常用動詞短語wear a helmet；“一個不肯帶頭盔的人”可以寫成定語從句的形式，用連詞wh引導(dǎo)，即a cyclist wh is reluctant t wear a helmet；“有---的意識”可以表示為have an awareness f。故翻譯為Hw can a cyclist wh is reluctant t wear a helmet have an awareness f safety?
74．盡管有網(wǎng)紅受邀為這款產(chǎn)品站臺，消費者仍需考慮價格、質(zhì)量等諸多因素。（accunt）
【答案】Thugh sme Internet / web / nline celebrities are / have been invited t back up this prduct, cnsumers need t take int accunt quite a few factrs such as its price and quality.
【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句、時態(tài)、動詞短語和介詞短語。前半句“盡管有網(wǎng)紅受邀為這款產(chǎn)品站臺”，根據(jù)句意，謂語可用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；“盡管”表達為連接詞thugh，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；“網(wǎng)紅”表達為名詞短語Internet / web / nline celebrities，作狀語從句的主語；“被邀請……做……”表達為invite sb t d sth，此處invite與“網(wǎng)紅”之間為動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，即are invited或have been invited；“為……站臺”即“支持……”，表達為動詞短語back up，賓語是“這款產(chǎn)品”this prduct，可用動詞不定式作狀語表示目的；前半句翻譯為：Thugh sme Internet / web/nline celebrities are / have been invited t back up this prduct。后半句“消費者仍需考慮價格、質(zhì)量等諸多因素”為主句，主語“消費者”用cnsumers；“需做……”表達為動詞短語need t d sth，為謂語動詞，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時；根據(jù)要求，“考慮”表達為動詞take... int accunt；賓語“諸多因素”表達為名詞短語quite a few factrs；“價格、質(zhì)量等”可表達為短語such as its price and quality，整理語序，故翻譯為：Thugh sme Internet / web/nline celebrities are / have been invited t back up this prduct, cnsumers need t take int accunt quite a few factrs such as its price and quality.
75．新落成的學校拔地而起，已不是5年前的學校了，它配以現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施，為學生營造出良好的學習環(huán)境。(equip)
【答案】The newly-cmpleted/built schl rises frm the grund, which is n lnger what it was/used t be five years ag.
It is equipped with mdern facilities t prvide/ prviding a gd learning envirnment fr students.
【詳解】考查動詞短語，定語從句以及表語從句。新落成的學?？梢苑g為“the newly-cmpleted/built schl”，在句中作主語。句子描述現(xiàn)在的一般事實，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。拔地而起可以翻譯為“rise frm the grund”，rise為句子的謂語動詞，主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式rises；后面接非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞schl。先行詞指物，在定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)?！安辉佟笨捎枚陶Zn lnger，從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，用what引導(dǎo)表語從句，表語從句翻譯為“what it was/used t be five years ag”，整個定語從句指該學校已經(jīng)不是五年前的樣子了；第二句話it指代前面的schl作主語，“配備……”be equipped with；“現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施”可以翻譯為mdern facilities；為學生營造出良好的學習環(huán)境可以翻譯為“prvide a gd learning envirnment fr students”，需要動詞不定式作目的狀語；或者prvide與邏輯主語facilities之間是主動關(guān)系，可以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語。故翻譯為The newly-cmpleted/built schl rises frm the grund, which is n lnger what it was/used t be five years ag. It is equipped with mdern facilities t prvide/, prviding a gd learning envirnment fr students.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
畢業(yè)前夕，由高三各班選出的學生代表召開了一個會議，討論為母校送上一份禮物。經(jīng)過討論，最終他們定下了如下兩個方案：
方案一：以年級的名義捐給學校一棵樹；
方案二：為母校拍一部新學期的招生短視頻。
現(xiàn)在，他們通過WeLink校園網(wǎng)征詢年級同學們的意見。假設(shè)你是李華，請你寫一封郵件給高三學生代表團表達你的想法。你的郵件必須包含：
1.你選擇哪個方案；
2.通過比較說明你的理由。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【附：學霸作文供參考】
Dear Student Representatives,
As yu knw, we are appraching ur graduatin, and it's time t decide n a meaningful gift fr ur schl. After giving it sme thught, I wuld like t express my preference fr ptin ne, dnating a tree n behalf f ur grade.
There are several reasns why I believe this is the best chice. Firstly, a tree represents grwth, strength, and lngevity, which are all qualities that ur schl has instilled in us ver the years. By planting a tree, we symblize the lasting impact ur educatin has had n us and the future generatins f students wh will benefit frm it.
Secndly, a tree can serve as a physical reminder f ur time in schl. Whenever we visit ur alma mater in the future, we can see hw the tree has grwn and flurished, just like we have. It will create a cnnectin between the past and the present, reminding us f the memries and friendships we frmed during ur time here.
Lastly, planting a tree aligns with ur cmmitment t envirnmental sustainability. It will cntribute t imprving the air quality n campus, prvide shade, and supprt lcal bidiversity. It's a small gesture, but it carries a pwerful message abut ur respnsibility t prtect and preserve the envirnment.
I understand that creating a prmtinal vide fr ur schl may als be appealing, but I believe that a tree will leave a lasting legacy and have a mre prfund impact. I hpe yu will cnsider my perspective when making the final decisin.
Thank yu fr yur attentin, and I lk frward t hearing the utcme f ur discussins.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【參考答案】Dear Student Delegatin,
Generally speaking, bth plans are gd. But persnally, I am in favr f the first plan.
Planting a tree n campus in the name f senir three is much mre meaningful. In rder t make it thrive, everyne will take gd care f it, which helps stimulate the spirit f slidarity and cperatin. Besides, many years later, when seeing it we will be reminded f the days when we wrked hard here.
On the cntrary, shting shrt vides f enrllment requires high technical skills, especially filming and editing. Mrever, we are nt familiar with the prcess and details f enrllment, if there are sme errrs in the vide, chances are that it will nt nly fail t achieve the purpse f publicity, but als cause truble fr ur schl.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生以李華的名義給高三學生代表團寫一封郵件，說明自己選擇哪個方案，并陳述理由。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
就我而言：persnally→as far as I am cncerned
有意義的：meaningful→significant
照顧：take care f→lk after
此外：besides→additinally
2.句型拓展
陳述句變倒裝句
原句：Mrever, we are nt familiar with the prcess and details f enrllment, if there are sme errrs in the vide, chances are that it will nt nly fail t achieve the purpse f publicity, but als cause truble fr ur schl.
拓展句：Mrever, we are nt familiar with the prcess and details f enrllment, if there are sme errrs in the vide, chances are that nt nly will it fail t achieve the purpse f publicity, but als cause truble fr ur schl.
【點睛】[高分句型1]In rder t make it thrive, everyne will take gd care f it, which helps stimulate the spirit f slidarity and cperatin.(運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2] Besides, many years later, when seeing it we will be reminded f the days when we wrked hard here.(運用了狀語從句的省略和when引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
附：聽力文字稿
Tape Script
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. W: Excuse me, I’m lking fr Optin B.
M: Oh, it’s right there, n the bestseller shelf facing the main entrance.
Q: Where des this cnversatin take place?
2. M: D we have enugh eggs fr breakfast tmrrw?
W: I picked up a dzen the ther day. Last time I checked, the bx was half full.
Q: Hw many eggs d they have?
3. W: Mrs. Clark just called. She suggested we talk with Sam abut this fight he’d gtten int at schl.
M: OK. I’ll cme hme early tnight.
Q: What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
4. M: Great news! The deadline has been pstpned fr a week.
W: Well, I’d still like t lift this burden frm my shulders sner rather than later.
Q: Hw des the wman feel abut the news?
5. W: Hw d yu feel nw that yu’re back frm yur trip?
M: My legs are the srest they’ve ever been, but it feels like I have renewed perspective.
Q: What des the man mean?
6. M: Oh n, I frgt t press the buttn. I shuld’ve gtten ff at the 7th flr.
W: Dn’t wrry. One mre flr and yu will be ging dwn.
Q: What is the man prbably ging t d next?
7. W: Why des everyne seem t be jining the electric vehicle race?
M: Hnestly, I’m nt surprised. It’s just t big a cake t pass up.
Q: What are the tw speakers talking abut?
8. M: Gd mrning, I’m with Rad Buddy Garage. Were yu satisfied with ur service yesterday, Ma’am?
W: I’m afraid there’s much rm fr imprvement. Five hurs fr sme regular maintenance was nt reasnable.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
9. W: It’s nt a very gd feeling when yur tlerance has been taken fr granted again and again.
M: I’m srry that I’ve made yu feel that way. The last thing I want t d is t upset yu.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
10. M: I’m s tired f always feeling s rushed.
W: Maybe the prblem is that yu’ve mistaken what’s urgent fr what’s imprtant.
Q: What des the wman imply?

Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the cnversatin and the passages. The cnversatin and the passages will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
Many schls acrss the U.S. hld graduatin ceremnies this time f year. In sme schls, even five- and six-year-lds bserve their graduatin frm kindergarten. Meanwhile, sme much lder peple are graduating t. Meet 70-year-ld Jerry Reid, wh just graduated frm the University f Virginia. He earned a bachelr’s degree.
Mr. Reid might nt lk like the average cllege student; his hair is definitely grayer. But still, his age is easy t frget. Other cllege peers knw him as ne f their wn. He jined a men’s grup n campus. He sang sngs alng with many ther students. Mr. Reid’s schl friends say they can talk t him just abut anything.
Abut a half century ag, in his twenties, Mr. Reid was nt in schl. Instead, he was racing cars and chasing girls. But he says his friend Bill invited him t parties held in universities. “Bill tld me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went t schl with him,” said Reid. That was in 1963. Mr. Reid says it tk him 48 years t take that advice. In 2011, he entered cllege. His prfessr, Luke Wright, says Mr. Reid influences students. He pened the minds f the yung adults and shwed them that life des nt end at 40. Instead, the 70-year-ld cllege graduate believes that getting lder can be the beginning f a dream.
“Remember that the path yu left waits fr yu. It’s there. It’s yurs. All yu must d is t get ut f yur wn way and get back t it. And that’s exactly what I did,” said Mr. Reid. He says that he and his wife Susan wuld take sme time ff nw t enjy his cllege degree. Then, he’ll cntinue his studies fr his graduate degree.
(Nw listen again.)
Questins:
11. Which f the fllwing is true f Mr. Reid?
12. Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Mr. Reid?
13. What lessn can we learn frm the stry f Jerry Reid?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
Every day, the alarm clck annunces the start f anther busy weekday in the mrning. We jump ut f bed, rush int the shwer, int ur clthes and ut the dr with hardly a mment t think.
The way mst f us spend ur mrnings is exactly ppsite t the cnditins that prmte flexible, pen-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are mst likely t cme t us when we’re unfcused. The stress slws dwn the speed with which signals travel between neurns, making inspiratin less likely t ccur. And while we all shuld read a lt abut what’s ging n in the wrld, it wuld nt make us feel gd fr sure, s put that news website r newspaper aside until after the day’s wrk is dne.
S what wuld ur mrnings lk like if we wanted t fully prepare urselves fr creative prblem-slving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, fllwing ur thughts where they lead. We’d stand a little lnger under the warm water f the shwer, stpping thinking abut tasks in favr f a few mre minutes f relaxatin. We’d take sme deep breaths n ur way t wrk, instead f cmplaining abut heavy traffic. And nce in the ffice — after we get a cup f cffee—we’d click n links nt t the news f the day but t the funniest vides the internet has t ffer.
(Nw listen again.)
Questins:
14. When are we mst creative accrding t the passage?
15. Which f the fllwing is true abut newspapers?
16. What des the speaker suggest we shuld d befre wrking in the mrning?

Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing lnger cnversatin.
M: We’ll talk abut smething that freigners always say when they visit Britain. It’s “Why are the British s cld?” And they’re talking abut the British persnality—the famus British “reserve.” It means that we aren’t very friendly, we aren’t very pen.
W: S d yu think it’s true?
M: It’s a difficult ne. S many peple wh visit Britain say it’s difficult t make friends with British peple. They say we’re cld, reserved, unfriendly ...
W: I think it’s true. Lk at Americans r Australians. They speak the same language, but they’re much mre pen. And yu see it when yu travel. Peple—I mean strangers—speak t yu n the street r n the train. British peple seldm speak n the train. Or the bus. Nt in Lndn, anyway.
M: “Nt in Lndn.” That’s it. Capital cities are full f turists and are never very friendly. Peple are different in ther parts f the cuntry.
W: Nt cmpletely. I met a wman nce, an Italian. She’s been wrking in Manchester fr tw years, and n ne—nt ne f her clleagues—had ever invited her t their hme. They were friendly t her at wrk, but nthing else. She culdn’t believe it. She said that wuld never happen in Italy.
M: Yu knw what they say—“an Englishman’s hme is his castle.” It’s really difficult t get inside.
W: Yeah. It’s abut being private. Yu g hme t yur huse and yur garden and yu clse the dr. It’s yur place.
M: That’s why the British dn’t like flats. They prefer t live in huses.
W: That’s true.
(Nw listen again.)
Questins:
17. What d freigners generally think f British peple accrding t the man?
18. What may British peple typically d n the train, accrding t the wman?
19. What des the wman say abut the Italian wman wrking in Manchester?
20. Why d British peple prefer huses t flats?
A．claimed B．evacuate C． fabrics D．regular E. significantly F. sink
G. rainstrms H. similar I. initially J. swallwing K. thught
INNOVATION CUP 2022Great minds cme tgether at Merck
What’s in it fr me?
If yu are a pst-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innvatin Cup is yur chance t gain in-depth knwledge abut research and develpment, t netwrk with tp students frm arund the wrld and t build a business case tgether with experienced prfessinals.
Wh can apply:
Advanced students and pstdcs in the fields f life science, data science and business administratin frm all ver the wrld can apply:
Sciences: Pst graduate students n their way twards a PhD in bilgy, medicine, bitech, biinfrmatics, data sciences, bichemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics r engineering.
Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science backgrund.
The Innvatin Cup will cmprise the fllwing team tpics: nclgy, immun-nclgy, autimmunity, drug discvery technlgies digitalizatin.
Hw it wrks:
During a ne-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentatins abut the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided int teams, wrk tgether t develp a business plan and present it t a grand jury, wh will award the Merck Innvatin Cup fr the best plan alng with a cash prize f EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 fr the runner-up.
A cnference with alumni f previus Innvatin Cup editins will be held n the first day f the Summer Camp.
Further infrmatin abut the prgram and hw t apply nline frm Nvember 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022:
Lcatin:
Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022.
Travel, accmmdatin and fd expenses will be paid by Merck.
A．Being a star in the vide age means having the right set-up, speaking well and listening well
B．Whether prviding decent hme-wrking equipment r giving feedback n hw peple appear n screen, emplyers can help everyne imprve their vide game
C．Whether yu are n camera r in the rm, it is always easier t listen when there is smething wrth hearing
D．Executives realized that they culd send vide messages t their wrkfrces rather than having t assemble in twn halls
E．Hwever, nt everyne needs t lk like an A-lister
F．After all, ne great benefit f the virtual meeting is that yu can get actual wrk dne in it

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