一、閱讀理解
Bk Reviews
1．Which bk is related t climate?
A. Nt T Late.B. Saving Time.C. Science Fictin.D. Meganets.
2．Whse bk came ut first?
A. Jenny Odell’s.
B. Glyn Mrgan’s.
C. David B. Auerbach’s.
D. Rebecca Slnit and Thelma Yung Lutunatabua’s.
3．What is David B. Auerbach’s attitude tward meganets?
A. Wrried.B. Excited.C. Disappinted.D. Satisfied.
When the designer and typgrapher (排印工) Marcin Wichary chanced upn a tiny museum just utside Barcelna five years ag, the experience tipped his interest in the histry f technlgy int an bsessin (癡迷) with a very particular part f it: the keybard.
“I have never seen s many typewriters under ne rf. Nt even clse,” he shared n the Internet at the time. “At this pint, I literally have tears in my eyes. I’m nt kidding. This feels like a miracle.”
He’d had a discvery while wandering thrugh the exhibit: Each key n a keybard has its wn stries. And these stries are nt just abut cmputing technlgy, but als abut the peple wh designed, used, r therwise interacted with the keybards.
Take the backspace key fr example, he explains, “I like that the cncept f backspace was riginally just that — a space ging backward. We are used t it erasing nw, but fr a hundred years, erasing was its wn incredibly cmplex effrt. Yu needed t master a Cmet eraser, r Wite-Out, r strange crrectin tapes, and pssibly all f the abve… r give up and start frm scratch whenever yu made a small mistake in typing.”
The deeper he researched, the mre bsessive he became. Amazed that n cmprehensive bks existed n the histry f keybards, he decided t create his wn. When nt wrking at his day jb as the design leader fr the design sftware cmpany Figma, he began prducing Shift Happens, a tw-vlume, 1,216-page hardcver bk — and raised ver $750,000 fr the prject n Kickstarter in March f 2023. Wichary was nly a bit surprised by the supprt and the keybard’s wide appeal. As he pints ut. “It’s such a crucial device that ccupies a lt f ur waking life.”
4．After the museum experience, Wichary’s interest in technlgy ________.
A. tk ffB. died utC. grew strngerD. became mre cncrete
5．What did Wichary discver while admiring the keybards?
A. The stries behind them.B. The wisdm f human.
C. The secret f the keybards.D. The histry f technlgy.
6．What des Wichary want t tell us abut the backspace key in Paragraph 4?
A. It is a simple but pwerful key.
B. It can be used t mve back ne space.
C. It is the result f lng-term imprvement.
D. It allws peple t make mistakes when typing.
7．Why did Wichary write his wn bk?
A. T fill a gap.B. T get famus.C. T make mney.D. T recrd histry.
Last fall, the Great Salt Lake hit its lwest level since recrd keeping began. The lake sank t nearly six meters belw the lng-term average. The lake’s shrinking threatens t upend the ecsystem, disturbing the migratin and survival f 10 millin birds, including ducks and geese.
Duck hunters aren’t the nly nes wrried abut the Great Salt Lake. The decades-lng decline in lake level is raising alarm bells fr millins f peple wh live in the regin. The lw lake level and increasing salts in the lake water threaten t destry ecnmic mainstays like agriculture, turism and mining. Expsed salts can als reduce air quality and s threaten public health.
Saline lakes (咸水湖) are terminal lakes. They have n rivers flwing ut f them. As water disappears, salts are left behind. At the same time, the peple wh live in these deserts use freshwater fr crps, hmes and industry. Residents get water frm streams and rivers int canals, pipelines r reservirs befre it reaches the lakes. And as the lakes shrink, the salt in water increases.
Lake Pp, a highland lake in Blivia that used t stretch 90 kilmeters lng and 32 kilmeters wide, is nw a salty mud flat. The Aral Sea shared by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, nce the wrld’s furth largest lake, has at times in recent decades shrunk t a tenth f its histric 68,000-square-kilmeter surface area. Sme saline lakes, like Nevada’s Winnemucca Lake, dried up s lng ag — the waters that fed it were led t agricultural fields — that mst peple have frgtten they were ever wet.
The gd news is that peple still have time t halt the Great Salt Lake’s decline by using less water. Cutting agricultural and ther utdr water use by a third t half thrugh a cmbinatin f vluntary cnservatin measures and plicy changes wuld allw the lake t refill enugh t supprt the regin’s ecnmy, eclgy and quality f life. If this succeeds, the Great Salt Lake can be a mdel fr hw t save ther saline lakes arund the wrld.
8．What d we knw abut the Great Salt Lake frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. It is hme t ducks.B. It will disappear sn.
C. It will be less imprtant.D. It’s been shrinking fr years.
9．What des Paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut saline lakes?
A. Their current states.B. The challenges they face.
C. Measures t restre them.D. Reasns why they becme saltier.
10．What des the underlined wrd “halt” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Stp.B. Bst.C. Adapt.D. Learn.
11．What can be the best title f this text?
A. The Great Salt Lake Is Getting Smaller
B. The Wrld Is Becming Drier and Drier
C. Saline Lakes Need Freshwater Deadly
D. Many Lakes in the Wrld will Disappear
Every year, painted lady butterflies (小紅蛺蝶) brn in Eurpe head suth n a lng jurney t Africa. But pinpinting exactly where painted lady butterflies verwinter and breed (繁殖) was the last unknwn piece f their rughly 15,000-kilmeter migratin. Scientists knew that the painted ladies went t Africa, but where n the cntinent they waited ut Eurpean winters frm December t February was a mystery. Researchers had predicted that subtrpical regins clse t the equatr might prvide suitable habitat. T knw fr sure, the researchers needed t find butterflies in the field.
Frm late 2017 thrugh early 2020, researchers cnducted fieldwrk at a wide variety f sites acrss sub-Saharan Africa during the mnths f December and January. Anther 15 sites were mnitred all year rund fr abut tw years. In ttal, the team lked fr adults and their yung in nine cuntries, including Benin, Camern, and Kenya.
The researchers fund mre than 2,700 caterpillars (毛蟲) and nearly 2,000 adult butterflies, frm as far west as Cte d’Ivire and all the way east t Kenya and Ethipia. Frm September t Nvember, the butterflies ccupy the trpical grasslands. As thse areas dry up, the painted ladies shift suth t slightly damp regins frm December t February. Central Africa’s trpical rainfrests stp the butterflies frm ging any farther suth. Three t five generatins might be brn in sub-Saharan Africa befre any surviving adults head nrth in February.
Knwing where painted lady butterflies breed culd help researchers understand why there are ccasinal ppulatin bms with 100 times as many butterflies in sme years as thers. In 2021, researchers linked the phenmenn t rains in sub-Saharan Africa — perhaps giving butterflies mre plants t stp and lay eggs n. But the part f West Africa identified in that study is different frm the newly identified breeding grunds. Nw, scientists can cnfirm the link by lking at rainfall and ther cnditins where baby butterflies are fund grwing up.
But the next mystery researchers hpe t slve is why painted lady butterflies make such a lng jurney at all.
12．Hw d the researchers cnfirm the painted ladies’ wintering lcatin?
A. By cmparing their habitats.
B. By sptting them in the field.
C. By ding experiments with them.
D. By tracking them n their migratin.
13．Where d painted lady butterflies stay during December and January?
A. In the Eurpe.B. Suth f Africa.C. Suth t Sahara.D. In the rainfrest.
14．What might cause the ppulatin explsins f the painted lady butterflies?
A. Rains.B. Fds.C. Drughts.D. Temperatures.
15．Why d scientists research int painted lady butterflies?
A. T prtect them.B. T make use f them.
C. T knw abut their habits.D. T knw hw they relate t climate.
二、七選五
16．There’s n need t be ashamed abut dzing ff in class. It is actually a natural phenmenn. Studies have shwn that peple can nly stay cmpletely fcused n smething fr a maximum f 10 minutes. ①________ Dzing ff during an imprtant activity r event n a regular basis can develp int a habit that yu might carry int ther areas f yur life.
Scientists have fund that aviding vereating befre class is ne f the mst effective ways t beat class sleepiness. Mst peple have experienced “fd cma (昏迷)” after eating a large meal. Eating t much results in a feeling f heaviness that uses up yur energy. This happens because the bdy releases chemicals that signal drwsiness after eating. ②________
Carbhydrates (碳水化合物) release mre sertnin (血清素) frm the brain, which makes yu feel gd. ③________ Basically, nt all fds have the same impact n yur bdy. While sme fds can increase yur energy, thers can make yu sleepy. Als, tasking yur bdy with digesting a large meal is exhausting. Eating large prtins — especially f unhealthy fds — will leave yur bdy with little energy t use elsewhere.
④________ This gives yur bdy the pprtunity t digest smaller amunts f fd at a time, leaving yu feeling energized instead f tired after yur meals.
Als, avid heavy fds and chse healthy, balanced meals instead. ⑤________ An example f a well-runded breakfast t have befre class wuld be a glass f milk, an egg and a salad cntaining at least three vegetables.
A. Finally, it helps deliver xygen t yur vital rgans.
B. Hwever, t much sertnin can lead t drwsiness.
C. Unfrtunately, mst classes last lnger than 10 minutes.
D. Falling asleep in class can cause pr academic perfrmance.
E. A healthy meal shuld include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.
F. This is particularly true if yu eat a meal that is high in carbhydrates.
G. It is recmmended that yu keep a stable level f energy by eating smaller meals.
三、完形填空（15空）
Jacqueline’s dream f being a wrld-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya. She sn realized she had t ____1____ full-time t imprve her perfrmance, which meant nt being able t wrk t help supprt her family. But she was ____2____ that the training wuld make her perfect and she culd bring hme prize mney.
Jacqueline traveled t China t ____3____ in the Zheng-kai marathn knwing she had a gd sht at ____4____ the race, but mre imprtantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it. She was leading the wmen’s ____5____ when a male runner ____6____ the water statin at the 20-kilmeter mark. The man was running at a gd pace but had truble ____7____ water because a birth defect (缺陷) had left him withut hands. He ____8____ t drink frm the slippery plastic bttles. But any assistance frm fans r race fficials wuld result in his ____9____. Jacqueline nticed the man and _____10_____ knew that he needed help. She _____11_____ a water bttle and helped him get the fluid his bdy needed t _____12_____ the race. Then she ran at his _____13_____ with the bttle and helped him sip (小口喝) while they strde alng.
Jacqueline missed ut n first place, but she _____14_____ with smething mre imprtant: her humanity. When asked abut the bigger _____15_____, she said that mney isn’t everything.
17．A. perfrmB. raceC. cnductD. train
18．A. wrriedB. cnfidentC. prudD. energetic
19．A. cmpeteB. struggleC. serveD. adjust
20．A. takingB. lsingC. winningD. cmpleting
21．A. divisinB. mvementC. researchD. educatin
22．A. jumped intB. left frC. escaped frmD. arrived at
23．A. findingB. drinkingC. carryingD. puring
24．A. plannedB. hatedC. struggledD. allwed
25．A. imbalanceB. unemplymentC. disabilityD. disqualificatin
26．A. eventuallyB. graduallyC. immediatelyD. ccasinally
27．A. spttedB. grabbedC. emptiedD. packed
28．A. cmpleteB. winC. enjyD. start
29．A. paceB. psitinC. cmmandD. best
30．A. cnnectedB. helpedC. finishedD. met
31．A. eventB. prizeC. dreamD. failure
四、短文填空
32．Handan lies at the east ft f Taihang Muntains, and brders the Nrth China Plain in the east. ①________ (it) climate features fur clear seasns. It is dry and ②________ (wind) in spring, ht and rainy in summer. The weather is mild and cl in autumn and chilly in winter.
③________ (lcate) in the suth f Hebei Prvince, Handan is in the cmmunicatin center f Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and Shandng abut 200 kilmeters away frm ④________ capital cities f these fur prvinces and abut 450 kilmeters away frm Beijing and Tianjin. ⑤________ (be) an imprtant transprtatin center, Handan pssesses the integrated transprt means f railway, highway and aviatin, ⑥________ can serve 13 cities nearby with a ppulatin f abut 70 millin.
Handan is als a famus histrical and cultural city. The Cishan Culture ⑦________ (make) this area a glwing pearl in the Central Plains f China abut 8,000 years ag. Handan is regarded ⑧________ the mst time-hnred city in Hebei. It used t be a plitical, ecnmic and cultural center f nrthern China.
The idim is ne f the ⑨________ (representative) f ancient culture in Handan. Amng the idims peple use in daily life, there are 1,584 f them frm r related t Handan. What’s mre, Handan has many scenic spts, such as The Wahuang Palace and Jingniang Lake fr turists ⑩__________ (visit). Travelers can get deep cultured in this ancient city and learn abut the interesting idims.
五、書面表達
33．假定你是李華，一群外國朋友要來參觀河北省園博園（Hebei Garden Exp Park），請你為其中的邯鄲園（Handan Garden）寫一個簡介。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 在園區(qū)內(nèi)的位置；
2. 主要特點及展點。
參考詞匯：成語墻（idim wall）
注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Dear friends,
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六、讀后續(xù)寫
34．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Be What’s Missing
Where was that cashier? Angry, I glanced at my watch. I barely had enugh time t eat my hamburgers and then dash back t the hspital where I wrked.
I lked arund the nearly empty fast-fd restaurant but the cashier was nwhere in sight. A wman whm I guessed t be abut my age std wiping the far end f the cunter with a twel. When she thught I wasn’t lking, she lked at me with sad, dark eyes.
I waited, drumming my fingers n the cunter. The wman pushed the gray hair frm her lined frehead and cntinued wiping the cunter.
I glanced again at my watch. I planned t write a letter abut the lack f service in this place. But just as I mentally made up my letter, I had a memry f Rsie, a frmer cwrker f mine. I culd hear her sweet vice recmmend me, “Be what’s missing.”
“What d yu mean, ‘Be what’s missing’?” I had asked the first time I heard her use that phrase. “Whenever yu find yurself in an unpleasant situatin,” she explained, “just think abut what is missing.” Rsie smiled at my blank stare. “It’s really simple when yu think abut it. If smene is mean, then kindness is missing. If smene is incnsiderate, then thughtfulness is missing. If smene is hateful, then lve is missing. If we will be what’s missing, then we’ll prvide whatever the situatin needs.”
And here I was in an unpleasant situatin. Hw was I suppsed t “be what’s missing”? What was missing was service. But then the wman wh had wiped the cunter walked slwly tward the cash register. With deliberately paced wrds, she asked, “May I help yu?”
I was nt satisfied with her service, and I was s angry that I almst lst my temper. But again I heard Rsie’s vice, “Be what’s missing.”
I tk a deep breath. It was clear that I was in a hurry t be waited n — by smene wh was, n dubt, verwrked, underappreciated, and underpaid. With Rsie’s wrds ringing in my head, I gave the wman my rder… and smiled. “Hw are yu tday?”
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
My greeting seemed t surprise her.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After dinner, I placed everything in my tray and wiped the table mre thrughly than usual.
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參考答案
1．答案：A
解析：細節(jié)理解題。由“Nt T Late: Changing the Climate Stry frm Despair t Pssibility (《還為時不晚》：將氣候故事從絕望變?yōu)榭赡?”中“Rather, it’s a tl, and an essential ne fr anyne living thrugh climate change tday. This essay cllectin frm scientists, plicymakers, and activists balances shwing the very real stakes (利害關(guān)系) f the climate crisis with making the case fr pssibility. (相反，它是一種工具，對于今天生活在氣候變化中的任何人來說都是必不可少的。這篇來自科學家、政策制定者和活動家的論文集在展示氣候危機的真實利害關(guān)系和證明可能性之間取得了平衡)”可知，Nt T Late這本書與氣候有關(guān)。故選A項。
2．答案：B
解析：細節(jié)理解題。對比其它三本書出版時間為2023年，由“Science Fictin: Vyage t the Edge f Imaginatin (《科幻小說》：想象力的邊緣之旅)”中“By Glyn Mrgan (Thames & Hudsn, 2022) (Glyn Mrgan（泰晤士和哈德遜出版社，2022）)”可知，Glyn Mrgan的書于2022年出版，為最先出版。故選B項。
3．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。由“Meganets: Hw Digital Frces Beynd Our Cntrl Cmmandeer Our Daily Lives and Inner Realities (Meganets：數(shù)字力量如何超越我們的控制，主宰我們的日常生活和內(nèi)心現(xiàn)實)”中“Auerbach defines meganets as autnmus digital frces that have brught an unheard-f level f chas t ur plitics, ecnmy, and scial lives. (奧爾巴赫將巨網(wǎng)（meganets）定義為自主的數(shù)字力量，它們給我們的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會生活帶來了前所未有的混亂)”可知，David B. Auerbach’s認為巨網(wǎng)（meganets）給人類的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會生活帶來了前所未有的混亂，可得出他對巨網(wǎng)（meganets）持擔憂的態(tài)度。故選A項。
4．答案：C
解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“When the designer and typgrapher (排印工) Marcin Wichary chanced upn a tiny museum just utside Barcelna five years ag, the experience tipped his interest in the histry f technlgy int an bsessin (癡迷) with a very particular part f it: the keybard. (五年前，當設計師兼排版師Marcin Wichary偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)巴塞羅那郊外的一家小博物館時，這段經(jīng)歷讓他對技術(shù)史的興趣變成了對其中一個非常特殊的部分的癡迷：鍵盤)”可知，參觀博物館后，Wichary對技術(shù)史的興趣變成了對技術(shù)史中的一個非常特殊的部分（鍵盤）的癡迷，可知他對技術(shù)的興趣變得更加強烈。故選C項。
5．答案：A
解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“He’d had a discvery while wandering thrugh the exhibit: Each key n a keybard has its wn stries. (他在展覽中發(fā)現(xiàn)：鍵盤上的每一個鍵都有自己的故事)”可知，Wichary在欣賞鍵盤時發(fā)現(xiàn)了鍵盤背后的故事。故選A項。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。由第四段中“We are used t it erasing nw, but fr a hundred years, erasing was its wn incredibly cmplex effrt. Yu needed t master a Cmet eraser, r Wite-Out, r strange crrectin tapes, and pssibly all f the abve… r give up and start frm scratch whenever yu made a small mistake in typing. (我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)習慣了退格鍵的擦除，但一百年來，擦除本身就是一項極其復雜的工作。你需要掌握彗星橡皮擦、Wite-Out或奇怪的校正帶，可能還有以上所有的東西……或者只要你在打字中犯了一個小錯誤，就放棄并從頭開始)”可知，一百年前擦除本身就是一項極其復雜的工作，而現(xiàn)在人們習慣了退格鍵的擦除（暗指擦除變得簡單了），Wichary想通過這種變化告訴我們退格鍵是長期改進的結(jié)果。故選C項。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Amazed that n cmprehensive bks existed n the histry f keybards, he decided t create his wn. (令他驚訝的是，沒有一本關(guān)于鍵盤歷史的全面書籍，他決定自己創(chuàng)作)”可知，Wichary自己寫書是為了填補沒有一本關(guān)于鍵盤歷史的全面書籍的空白。故選A項。
8．答案：A
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The lake’s shrinking threatens t upend the ecsystem, disturbing the migratin and survival f 10 millin birds, including ducks and geese.(湖泊的萎縮使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有顛覆的風險，擾亂包括鴨子和鵝在內(nèi)的1000萬只鳥類的遷徙和生存。)”和第二段中“Duck hunters aren’t the nly nes wrried abut the Great Salt Lake.(獵鴨人不是唯一擔心大鹽湖的人。)”可知，大鹽湖是鴨子的棲息地，故選A。
9．答案：D
解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Saline lakes (咸水湖) are terminal lakes. They have n rivers flwing ut f them. As water disappears, salts are left behind. At the same time, the peple wh live in these deserts use freshwater fr crps, hmes and industry. Residents get water frm streams and rivers int canals, pipelines r reservirs befre it reaches the lakes. And as the lakes shrink, the salt in water increases.(咸水湖是末端湖泊。它們沒有河流流出。水消失后，留下了鹽分。與此同時，生活在這些沙漠中的人們利用淡水種植莊稼、建造房屋和進行工業(yè)生產(chǎn)。當?shù)鼐用駨南骱秃恿髦腥∷谒竭_湖泊之前，就輸送到運河、管道或水庫中。隨著湖泊的縮小，水中的鹽分也隨之增加。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了咸水湖有更多鹽分的原因，故選D。
10．答案：A
解析：詞句猜測題。跟劃線單詞下文“Cutting agricultural and ther utdr water use by a third t half thrugh a cmbinatin f vluntary cnservatin measures and plicy changes wuld allw the lake t refill enugh t supprt the regin’s ecnmy, eclgy and quality f life. If this succeeds, the Great Salt Lake can be a mdel fr hw t save ther saline lakes arund the wrld.(通過自愿保護措施和政策變化相結(jié)合，將農(nóng)業(yè)和其他戶外用水減少三分之一到一半，將使該湖能夠重新充滿水，足以支持該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟、生態(tài)和生活質(zhì)量。如果成功，大鹽湖可以成為如何拯救世界其他鹽湖的典范。)”可知，人們可以通過一些措施來拯救大鹽湖，即阻止大鹽湖的衰退，由此可推知，劃線單詞意為“阻止”，故選A。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Last fall, the Great Salt Lake hit its lwest level since recrd keeping began. The lake sank t nearly six meters belw the lng-term average. The lake’s shrinking threatens t upend the ecsystem, disturbing the migratin and survival f 10 millin birds, including ducks and geese.(去年秋天，大鹽湖達到了有記錄以來的最低水平。該湖水位下降到比長期平均水位低近6米。湖泊的萎縮使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有顛覆的風險，擾亂包括鴨子和鵝在內(nèi)的1000萬只鳥類的遷徙和生存。)”可知，文章主要介紹了大鹽湖湖水位下降，湖泊萎縮，文章分析了其原因，帶來的危害以及可以采取的措施，由此可知，A項“大鹽湖在變小”適合做文章標題，故選A。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientists knew that the painted ladies went t Africa, but where n the cntinent they waited ut Eurpean winters frm December t February was a mystery. (科學家們知道這些小紅蛺蝶去了非洲，但他們在非洲大陸的哪個地方等待歐洲冬天從12月到2月的結(jié)束，這是一個謎。)”和第二段中“Frm late 2017 thrugh early 2020, researchers cnducted fieldwrk at a wide variety f sites acrss sub-Saharan Africa during the mnths f December and January. (從2017年底到2020年初，研究人員在12月和1月期間在撒哈拉以南非洲的各種地點進行了實地調(diào)查。)”可知，研究人員通過追蹤小紅蛺蝶的遷徙來確定它們的越冬地點。故選D項。
13．答案：C
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Frm late 2017 thrugh early 2020, researchers cnducted fieldwrk at a wide variety f sites acrss sub-Saharan Africa during the mnths f December and January. Anther 15 sites were mnitred all year rund fr abut tw years. In ttal, the team lked fr adults and their yung in nine cuntries, including Benin, Camern, and Kenya. (從2017年底到2020年初，研究人員在12月和1月期間在撒哈拉以南非洲的各種地點進行了實地調(diào)查。另外15個地點全年監(jiān)測了大約兩年。研究小組總共在貝寧、喀麥隆和肯尼亞等9個國家尋找成年蝴蝶和他們的幼蟲。)”可知，在十二月和一月，小紅蛺蝶呆在撒哈拉以南。故選C項。
14．答案：A
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Knwing where painted lady butterflies breed culd help researchers understand why there are ccasinal ppulatin bms with 100 times as many butterflies in sme years as thers. In 2021, researchers linked the phenmenn t rains in sub-Saharan Africa — perhaps giving butterflies mre plants t stp and lay eggs n.(了解小紅蛺蝶在哪里繁殖可以幫助研究人員理解為什么在某些年份偶爾會有100倍于其他年份的蝴蝶數(shù)量激增。2021年，研究人員將這種現(xiàn)象與撒哈拉以南非洲地區(qū)的降雨聯(lián)系起來—也許這讓蝴蝶有更多的植物停下來產(chǎn)卵。)”可知，降雨可能導致小紅蛺蝶數(shù)量激增。故選A項。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Every year, painted lady butterflies (小紅蛺蝶) brn in Eurpe head suth n a lng jurney t Africa.(每年，出生在歐洲的小紅蛺蝶都會南下，踏上前往非洲的漫長旅程。)”和最后一段中“But the next mystery researchers hpe t slve is why painted lady butterflies make such a lng jurney at all.(但研究人員希望解決的下一個謎團是，為什么小紅蛺蝶會進行如此漫長的旅行。)”可知，科學家要研究小紅蛺蝶是為了了解它們的習慣。故選C項。
16．答案：CDFGE
解析：①空格前的句子“Studies have shwn that peple can nly stay cmpletely fcused n smething fr a maximum f 10 minutes.（研究表明，人們完全專注于某件事的時間最多只能是10分鐘）”是說人們完全專注于某件事的時間最多只能是10分鐘。而C項“Unfrtunately, mst classes last lnger than 10 minutes.（不幸的是，大多數(shù)課程持續(xù)時間超過10分鐘）”提到“大多數(shù)課程持續(xù)時間超過10分鐘”。所以，C項和上文是順接關(guān)系。故選C項。
②空格前的句子“Eating t much results in a feeling f heaviness that uses up yur energy. This happens because the bdy releases chemicals that signal drwsiness after eating.（吃得太多會讓你感到沉重，耗盡你的能量。這是因為進食后身體會釋放出一些化學物質(zhì)，發(fā)出困倦的信號）”提到吃得太多會耗盡你的能量，讓你困倦，這當然會影響你的學習，所以D項“Falling asleep in class can cause pr academic perfrmance.（上課睡覺會導致學習成績不佳）”和上文是因果關(guān)系，所以D項填入空格處符合題意。故選D項。
③空格前的句子“Carbhydrates (碳水化合物) release mre sertnin (血清素) frm the brain, which makes yu feel gd.（碳水化合物從大腦中釋放更多的血清素，這讓你感覺良好）”提到碳水化合物的作用，它從大腦中釋放更多的血清素讓你感覺良好；F項“This is particularly true if yu eat a meal that is high in carbhydrates.（如果你吃了一頓碳水化合物含量高的飯，情況尤其如此）”中的“情況尤其如此”指的是上一句中的“讓你感覺良好”，所以F項和上一句是順接關(guān)系。故選F項。
④由空格后的句子“This gives yur bdy the pprtunity t digest smaller amunts f fd at a time, leaving yu feeling energized instead f tired after yur meals.（這讓你的身體有機會一次消化少量的食物，讓你在飯后感到精力充沛而不是疲憊）”可知，空格處的句子應該提到“少量食物”，所以G項“It is recmmended that yu keep a stable level f energy by eating smaller meals.（建議你通過少吃多餐來保持穩(wěn)定的能量水平）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選G項。
⑤空格前的句子“Als, avid heavy fds and chse healthy, balanced meals instead.（同時，避免吃油膩的食物，選擇健康、均衡的膳食）”提到“健康、均衡的膳食”，所以空格處的句子應該進一步說明什么樣的飲食是健康、均衡飲食。所以E項“A healthy meal shuld include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.（健康的一餐應該包括水果、蔬菜和健康的脂肪）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選E項。
17．答案：D
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她很快意識到，為了提高自己的表現(xiàn)，她必須接受全職訓練，這意味著她無法工作來養(yǎng)家糊口。A. perfrm表現(xiàn)；B. race比賽；C. cnduct行為；D. train訓練。根據(jù)該句中的“t imprve her perfrmance”提高自己的表現(xiàn)，以及下文“ the training ”意味著她無法工作來養(yǎng)家糊口。可推知，此處為Jacqueline意識到為了提高自己的表現(xiàn)，她必須接受全職訓練。故選D項。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她有信心，訓練會讓她變得完美，她可以把獎金帶回家。A. wrried擔心的；B. cnfident自信的；C. prud自豪的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)下文“that the training wuld make her perfect and she culd bring hme prize mney.”訓練會讓她變得完美，她可以把獎金帶回家。可知，此處應表示Jacqueline是很有信心的。故選B項。
19．答案：A
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jacqueline來到中國參加Zheng-kai馬拉松比賽，她知道自己很有可能贏得比賽，但更重要的是，她知道自己有機會獲得1萬美元的獎金。A. cmpete參加比賽；B. struggle斗爭；C. serve服務；D. adjust調(diào)整。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“in the Zheng-kai marathn”可知，此處為Jacqueline來到中國參加Zheng-kai馬拉松比賽。cmpete in“參加比賽”。故選A項。
20．答案：C
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jacqueline來到中國參加Zheng-kai馬拉松比賽，她知道自己很有可能贏得比賽，但更重要的是，她知道自己有機會獲得1萬美元的獎金。A. taking帶走；B. lsing失去；C. winning贏得；D. cmpleting完成。根據(jù)下文“but mre imprtantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it.”有機會獲得1萬美元的獎金，可知，此處應表示Jacqueline知道自己很有可能贏得比賽。故選C項。
21．答案：A
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當一名男子選手到達20公里處的飲水站時，她正在領跑女子組。A. divisin組；B. mvement移動；C. research研究；D. educatin教育。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“She was leading the wmen’s”可知，此處應表示Jacqueline正在領跑女子組。 故選A項。
22．答案：D
解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當一名男子選手到達20公里處的飲水站時，她正在領跑女子組。A. jumped int跳入；B. left fr前往某個地方；C. escaped frm從……逃脫；D. arrived at到達。根據(jù)該句中的“the water statin at the 20-kilmeter mark.”以及下文“but had truble ________ water”男子喝水有困難，由此可知，此處應表示這名男子選手到達20公里處的飲水站。故選D項。
23．答案：B
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人跑得很快，但是喝水有困難，因為先天缺陷使他沒有手。A. finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. drinking喝；C. carrying攜帶；D. puring倒。根據(jù)下文“and helped him sip (小口喝)”以及該句中的“because a birth defect (缺陷) had left him withut hands.”可推知，這名男子喝水有困難。故選B項。
24．答案：C
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他努力著從光滑的塑料瓶里喝水。A. planned計劃；B. hated討厭；C. struggled努力；D. allwed允許。根據(jù)上文提到的男子因為先天缺陷沒有手，以及該句中的“frm the slippery plastic bttles.”可推知，此處應表示男子努力著從光滑的塑料瓶里喝水。故選C項。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但粉絲或賽事官員的任何幫助都將導致他被取消資格。A. imbalance失衡；B. unemplyment失業(yè)；C. disability殘疾；D. disqualificatin取消資格。根據(jù)該句中的But 轉(zhuǎn)折以及下文“any assistance frm fans r race fficials wuld result in”可推知，此處應表示粉絲或賽事官員的任何幫助都將導致他被取消資格。故選D項。
26．答案：C
解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Jacqueline注意到了這個人，立刻知道他需要幫助。A. eventually最終；B. gradually逐漸地；C. immediately立刻；D. ccasinally偶爾。根據(jù)上文“Jacqueline nticed the man”以及下文內(nèi)容Jacqueline給出的幫助，可知，此處應表示Jacqueline注意到了這個人，知道他立馬需要幫助。故選C項。
27．答案：B
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她抓起一個水瓶，幫他補充身體完成比賽所需的水分。A. sptted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. grabbed抓起；C. emptied清空；D. packed打包。根據(jù)下文“and helped him get the fluid his bdy needed t ________ the race.”幫他補充水分，可知，此處為Jacqueline抓起一個水瓶幫他補充水分。故選B項。
28．答案：A
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她抓起一個水瓶，幫他補充身體完成比賽所需水分。A. cmplete完成；B. win贏得；C. enjy享受；D. start開始。根據(jù)該句中的“helped him get the fluid his bdy”以及“the race.”可知，此處應表示Jacqueline抓起一個水瓶幫他補充水分以便能完成比賽。故選A項。
29．答案：A
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她拿著瓶子跟著他的步伐跑，幫他喝了一口，而他們則大步向前走。A. pace速度；B. psitin位置；C. cmmand命令；D. best最好的事物（或人）。根據(jù)下文“and helped him sip (小口喝)”可知，Jacqueline拿著瓶子跟著他的步伐跑，保持同一速度，這樣才可以幫助他喝水。故選A項。
30．答案：C
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jacqueline與第一名失之交手，但她贏得了更重要的東西：她的人性。A. cnnected聯(lián)系；B. helped幫助；C. finished完成，（比賽中）獲得（名次）；D. met遇見。根據(jù)上文“Jacqueline missed ut n first place”以及該句中的but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應表示雖然Jacqueline與第一名失之交手，但她贏得了更重要的東西。故選C項。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當被問及更大的獎勵時，她說錢不是一切。A. event事件； B. prize獎勵；C. dream夢想；D. failure失敗。根據(jù)上文提到的她贏得了更重要的東西，以及下文“she said that mney isn’t everything.”可知，此處應表示Jacqueline被問及更大的獎勵時，她說錢不是一切。故選B項。
32．答案：Its ；windy；Lcated ；the ；Being ；which ； made ；as ；representatives ；t visit
解析：①考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：它的氣候特點是四季分明。此處指“邯鄲的”，用形容詞性物主代詞its修飾名詞climate，首字母大寫。故填Its。
②考查形容詞。句意：春天干燥多風，夏天炎熱多雨。該空用形容詞windy和前面的形容詞dry一起作表語。故填windy。
③考查過去分詞。句意：邯鄲位于河北省南部，地處河北、河南、山西、山東四省的交通中心，距四省省會城市約200公里，距北京、天津約450公里。固定短語be lcated in (位于)，分析句子可知，該空用過去分詞短語lcated in…作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Lcated。
④考查定冠詞。句意：邯鄲位于河北省南部，地處河北、河南、山西、山東四省的交通中心，距四省省會城市約200公里，距北京、天津約450公里。特指四省的省會城市（capital cities），用定冠詞the。故填the。
⑤考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：邯鄲是重要的交通樞紐，擁有鐵路、公路、航空等綜合交通工具，可服務周邊13個城市，人口約7000萬。分析句子可知，邏輯主語Handan和非謂語動詞be是主動關(guān)系，be用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Being。
⑥考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：邯鄲是重要的交通樞紐，擁有鐵路、公路、航空等綜合交通工具，可服務周邊13個城市，人口約7000萬。該空引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是the integrated transprt means，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
⑦考查時態(tài)。句意：磁山文化使這一地區(qū)在大約8000年前成為中國中原地區(qū)一顆璀璨的明珠。結(jié)合時間狀語abut 8,000 years ag，動作已發(fā)生，謂語動詞make用一般過去時。故填made。
⑧考查固定短語。句意：邯鄲被認為是河北歷史最悠久的城市。固定短語be regarded as (被認為是)。故填as。
⑨考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：成語是邯鄲古代文化的代表之一。ne f +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式，意為“……之一”，用可數(shù)名詞representative (代表)的復數(shù)形式。故填representatives。
⑩考查不定式。句意：此外，邯鄲還有許多景點，如瓦皇宮和京娘湖，供游客去游覽。visit用不定式形式表將要去做的動作。故填t visit。
33．答案：
Dear friends,
Welcme t Handan Garden f Hebei Garden Exp Park. Handan Garden is lcated in the nrthwest f the Exp Garden. It is a park characterized by culture and histry with sculptures, antique buildings and pictures t shw the histrical rigin f Handan fr 8,000 years. The mst remarkable in Handan Garden is the idim wall, which displays hundreds f idims frm ancient Handan, where visitrs ften spend a lng time admiring and interpreting them. Turists can als admire the beautiful mdern Handan and the gd prspects fr the future.
解析：本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生就“一群外國朋友要來參觀河北省園博園”一事，為其中的邯鄲園（Handan Garden）寫一個簡介。
1.詞匯積累
位于：be lcated in → be situated in
展示：shw → represent
引人注目的：remarkable → eye-catching
欣賞：admire → appreciate
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：It is a park characterized by culture and histry with sculptures, antique buildings and pictures t shw the histrical rigin f Handan fr 8,000 years.
拓展句：It is a park which is characterized by culture and histry with sculptures, antique buildings and pictures t shw the histrical rigin f Handan fr 8,000 years.
34．答案：
My greeting seemed t surprise her. She eyed me fr a secnd befre answering. “Nt t gd.” “I’m srry.” I said. “I hpe it gets better starting right nw.” She almst smiled as she lked at me “Thanks. I hpe yu’re right.” I thught t myself as I ate my sandwich. We’re all the same, really. We have prblems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need t be nicer t each ther.
After dinner, I placed everything in my tray and wiped the table mre thrughly than usual. The wman was watching me, a big smile n her face. She walked ver and tk away the things frm the table, saying “Thanks. Yu are s kind. Yu make my day.” I said, “If this can make yu happy, what I have dne is wrthwhile.” I walked ut f the restaurant and felt cheerful. “Be what’s missing.” It wrked. I hped everyne can be friendly t thers.
解析：本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在快餐店吃飯時，因為遲遲沒有服務員幫忙點單而生氣，但是想到了前同事羅西的話他決定對別人友善一些。他認為我們每個人都是一樣的，有煩惱會生氣，會累也會受傷，因此我們需要更耐心地對待他人。
1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我的問候似乎讓她大吃一驚?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫服務員對作者的回應，作者鼓勵安慰服務員和作者吃飯時的心里感悟。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“晚飯后，我把所有東西都放在托盤里，比平時更徹底地擦桌子。”可知，第二段可描寫服務員對作者的行為表示感謝，作者覺得自己的所作所為很值得，認為“做缺失的事情”它奏效了。
2.續(xù)寫線索：問候讓服務員吃驚—服務員呼應作者—作者鼓勵安慰服務員—作者吃飯時的心里感悟—飯后作者收拾桌子—服務員感激—作者覺得自己的所作所為很值得—感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①微笑：smile / give a smile
②吃、吞咽：eat / swallw
③做、完成：d / cmplete
情緒類
①憤怒：anger / rage
②高興的：happy / delighted
Nt T Late: Changing the Climate Stry frm Despair t Pssibility
By Rebecca Slnit and Thelma Yung Lutunatabua (Haymarket Bks, 2023)
Hpe isn’t a lttery ticket, says activist and writer Rebecca Slnit. Rather, it’s a tl, and an essential ne fr anyne living thrugh climate change tday. This essay cllectin frm scientists, plicymakers, and activists balances shwing the very real stakes (利害關(guān)系) f the climate crisis with making the case fr pssibility.
Saving Time: Discvering a Life Beynd the Clck
By Jenny Odell (Randm Huse, 2023)
“What is time?” we’ve all asked urselves and each ther. Fr mst f us the questin is just a questin, but nt fr Odell, wh urges us t seriusly recnsider the ways we spend it. Nt bad advice, but her bservatins n, say, the imprtance f rest r the limitatin capitalism has n the hurs in ur cllective days can feel mre like a mix f ther peple’s ideas than a new way frward.
Science Fictin: Vyage t the Edge f Imaginatin
By Glyn Mrgan (Thames & Hudsn, 2022)
Science Fictin, writes Nal Hpkinsn in this catalgue fr the Lndn Science Museum’s 2022 exhibitin, “is the literature f scial and technlgical change… it tests in rder t discver the truth.” It upends ur brains visually, t, as the images here will prve.
Meganets: Hw Digital Frces Beynd Our Cntrl Cmmandeer Our Daily Lives and Inner Realities
By David B. Auerbach (Public Affairs, 2023)
Auerbach defines meganets as autnmus digital frces that have brught an unheard-f level f chas t ur plitics, ecnmy, and scial lives. We might think that Micrsft, Ggle, etc. are in cntrl f these netwrks; Auerbach suggests that what chatbts might really indicate are new mdes f mass cntrl and cheat.

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