一、閱讀理解(共19小題;每小題2.5分，滿分47.5分)
A
Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.
The Castal Way
This rute(路線）cvers the entire length f Cardigan Bay, and spils travelers with its remte beaches and charming seaside twns.
Cmb the sand fr fssils,shells at Aberdarn Beach,and then hit the rad,heading cast tward Prthmadg. Here yu can hp n a heritage steam train, a relic f the regin's mining histry,t give Snwdnia's skyline yur undivided attentin.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.
The rute becmes increasingly wild and rugh as it weaves nrth int Pwys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and yu'll need plenty f energy fr hiking r muntain biking alng the trails.
The Nrth Wales Way
Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west thrugh the uncrwded Clwydian Hills until yu reach Ruthin, a little twn brimming with histry,where yu can see its restred castle, century-spanning museum and Victrian Ruthin Gal. Brder Cuntry
Tracing the dtted line that separates England and Wales n a map,this brder-hugging rute will take yu t sme f Wales' mst underrated sites slwly, if yu stick t the narrw back rads.
Starting in the brder twn f Chepstw in Sutheast Wales,make yur way nrthward.Yu can tp t admire the rfless ruins f Tintern Abbey and lesser knwn castes Skenfrith and Grsmnt
1. Which rute best suits peple wh enjy muntain scenery?
A. The Castal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C. The Nrth Wales Way
D. Brder Cuntry.
2. What is special abut The Nrth Wales Way?
A. It enables travelers t visit a castle.
B. It is an area f scenic beauty.
C. It ffers a glimpse int Welsh culture.
D. It is a crwd-free escape frm big cities.
3. What is the purpse f the article?
A. T intrduce rad trips in Wales.
B. T intrduce the Welsh landscape.
C. T tell abut Wales' histry.
D. T advertise Wales 'turism industry.
B
A 293-millin-mile jurney f the NASA Perseverance rver (探測器)t Mars ended successfully n February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezer Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rver, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and mst advanced explrer t date. Its primary missin is t search fr signs f ancient micrbial(微生物的)life n Mars.
Landing n Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.
The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft wuld burn up; any flatter, and it wuld get lst in space. It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.
Upn attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew ver the Martian surface t seek ut the perfect landing spt. Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database t find the best lcatin.
The NASA scientists will spend the next tw mnths testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rver will begin t carry ut its missin.
“Perseverance is the smartest rbt ever made, but cnfirming that micrbial life nce existed carries an unusually large burden f prf,” said Lri Glaze, directr f NASA’s Planetary Science Divisin.“ While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(樣本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.”
4 What is the extrardinary challenge fr the rver t land n Mars?
A. The speed reductin.
B. The atmsphere analysis.
C. The lcatin search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Ways t find the precise entry angle.
B. Cnsequences f wrng entry degree.
C. Factrs t survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasns fr the necessity f speed reducing.
6. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The space.B. The area.
C. The system.D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred frm Lri Glaze’s wrds?
A. Instruments abard the rver are nt quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able t cllect enugh evidence needed.
C. Man still has a lng way t g t prve there was life n Mars.
D. Samples f Mars will be returned sn t the labs n the Earth.
C
Eln Musk isn’t cntent with electric cars, shting peple int rbit and ppulating Mars. He als wants t get inside yur brain.
His gal is t develp devices that can prvide treatment t neural (神經(jīng)的) diseases and that may ne day be pwerful enugh t put humanity n an equal fting with pssible future super intelligent cmputers.
Nt that it’s anywhere clse t that yet.
In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the yung cmpany is far frm having a cmmercial prduct, which wuld invlve cmplex human trials and gvernmental apprval. Friday’s vide shwed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a funder f bth the electric car cmpany Tesla Mtrs and the space-explratin firm SpaceX, has always been wrried abut that smarter AI machines will utwit humans. His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!
Musk urged cders (程序員), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. “Yu dn’t need t have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is smething that can be learned n the jb.
Cnnecting a brain up directly t electrnics is nt new. Dctrs have already put similar devices in brains t treat such cnditins as Parkinsn’s disease. In 2016, researchers reprted that a man regained sme mvement in his wn hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s prpsal ges beynd this. Neuralink wants t build n thse existing medical treatments and wrk n devices that culd link ur brains t cmputers ne day.
8. What can we learn abut the first versin f the Neuralink?
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a persn’s head.
C. It has t be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “utwit” in paragraph 6?
A. cpyB. defeatC. understandD. destry
10. What kind f candidates des Eln Musk particularly want?
A. Smene wh als wants t create the same device.
B. Dctrs wh already knw hw t treat brain diseases.
C. Peple wh have already designed sme unique prducts.
D. Engineers wh are gd at linking brains t cmputers.
11. Where is this text likely frm?
A. An advertisement.B. A test reprt.
C. A science fictin nvel.D. A news reprt.
D
On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黃) in if yu want t get fit. Plus, frget the bad impressin that the chlesterl (膽固醇) in ylks has gtten in the past. The USDA remved limits n dietary chlesterl in its mst recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence desn’t back up claims that the chlesterl yu eat has much influence n bld chlesterl levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten yung men eat either whle eggs r egg whites after cmpleting a strength-training wrkut. Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. Abut 65 t 70 percent f amin acids were available in the bld fr bth the whle egg and egg white grups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest f the results didn’t back up that cnclusin.
When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement.
Althugh this study was t small I t be cnclusive, its cnclusin backs up whle egg benefits that nutritinists have been praising fr years. Frm their pint f view egg whites are high-prtein, lw-calrie, but the ylk cntains nearly all f an egg’s vitamins. And ne study fund that adults wh eat whle eggs in the mrning lse mre weight and bdy fat than thse wh get the same number f calries frm a bread-based breakfast. While n large studies have lked int the weight-lss benefits f whle eggs vs egg whites, there’s als n evidence that the 140 calries in tw whle large eggs shuld scare yu away. Crack n, egg lvers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1?
A. The whites can help peple have a gd shape.
B. The ylk’s functin is different frm the whites.
C. Peple tend t cnsider the ylk t be unhealthy.
D. The ylk has much t d with bld chlesterl levels.
13. Why were the eggs develped with chemical markers?
A. T help prcess the prteins better.
B. T make them healthier fr peple.
C. T track the amin acids during digestin.
D. T help the bdy cnsume amin acids.
14. The findings f the recent study mainly shw that_________.
A. amin acids are easy t get in eggs
B. eating the whle egg helps build muscles
C. the ylk f the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can prduce mre prteins than any ther kinds f fd_________.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Egg Whites VS Whle Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets r Just the Ylk
C. The Crrect Way t Build Muscles
D. Unknwn Facts abut Egg White Omelets
E
The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.
Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries. It is wrth nticing because Western cuntries tend t have cultural values that priritize individuals’ wn attitudes and beliefs and encurage expressin f them.
“The thery seemed t be that nce individuals are led t believe in the urgency f envirnmental issues and have strnger cncerns abut sustainability (持續(xù)性), they will change and act t address the issues,” explains Em. But this relatinship might nt hld fr individuals living in mre cllectivistic (集體主義的) scieties, which place mre emphasis n scial harmny and unifrmity than n self-expressin, Em and his team assumed.
T examine what drives envirnmental actin in individualistic and cllectivistic cultures, the researchers cnducted a study with participants frm the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a cllectivistic culture). They fund envirnmental cncern was clsely cnnected with envirnmental behavir — in this case, chsing envirnmentally friendly prducts — but nly amng American participants. On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.
The findings suggest that persnal cncerns are mre likely t mtivate peple t take envirnmental actin if they live in individualistic cuntries, while scial nrms (準(zhǔn)則) are mre likely t drive peple t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavir if they live in cllectivistic cuntries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical t addressing urgent scial challenges, such as climate change,” says Em. “Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins (干預(yù)) that address imprtant scial issues.”
16. What des Em find abut previus research n envirnmental behavir?
A. Its study participants are t limited.
B. Its results need a while t be achieved.
C. It priritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D. It draws much evidence frm public discussin.
17. Under which cnditin will a Japanese man mst likely take envirnmental actin?
A. If he sees many thers d s.
B. If he is affected by cllectivistic values.
C. If he mves t an individualistic cuntry.
D. If he wrries abut the envirnment persnally.
18. What des Em say abut their research in the last paragraph?
A. It fails t take participants’ psychlgical factrs int accunt.
B. It encurages scientists and plicymakers t make jint effrts.
C. It has a further study directin twards urgent scial challenges.
D. It prvides insights int prmting public engagement in scial issues.
19. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Scial Nrms Play a Part in Addressing Pllutin
B. Envirnmental Issues Originate frm Natinal Cultures
C. Mtivating Ec-Friendly Behavirs Depends n Cultural Values
D. Mre Envirnmental Cncerns Usually Mean Mre Green Actin
二、七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
The next time yu’re at an airprt r htel, yu might ntice a traveling grup that cnsists f yung kids, parents, and grandparents vacatining tgether. ___20___But mre and mre families tend t bring multiple generatins with them.
___21___In larger grups, fr example, child-care respnsibilities can be shared acrss family members, allwing parents t take a break. But the real value f these trips might be hw they give relatives an pprtunity t freshen their perceptin f the peple they’ve knwn fr perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us ut f ur familiar cntexts and ffer peple a chance t see ne anther differently.
The shift tward multi-generatinal travel has a few explanatins. Fr ne, grandparents tday stay healthy later in life, allwing them mre energy fr travel. ___22___Plus, the average U.S. husehld has becme mre multi-generatinal. Americans are nt just traveling with grandparents in rder t spend time with them, they are traveling with them because they are mre likely t live with them in the first place. ___23___Americans are taking fewer vacatin days than they did in the 1970s. They might want t make the mst f that time by including as many peple as pssible.
Whatever the reasn fr its ppularity, a multi-generatinal trip can be a rare time when yunger and lder generatins can glimpse the cmplex peple they have each becme. Away frm the family hme, lder generatins get t see their adult children as respnsible parents. Kids get t see their grandparents encunter a new envirnment. ___24___
A. Anther explanatin is time pressure.
B. The benefits f multi-generatinal trips are numerus.
C. Decades ag, nly wealthy families vacatined tgether.
D. A scene like this wuld have been rare a few decades ag.
E. Multi generatinal family travel tps the list f travel trends.
F. Everyne gets t break ut f their family rles and figure ut hw t be tgether.
G. Als, big-grup accmmdatin has becme mre affrdable thrugh nline platfrms.
三、完形填空(兩篇共30小題;每小題1分，滿分30分)
(一)
I fund a wnderful picture f Malan karst cnes nline and presented it t the innkeeper. “Yu can’t g there” the innkeeper ___25___ me. “The viewing platfrm has been clsed due t ___26___ that t many visitrs culd cause gelgical damage.”
Despite ur disappintment, we ___27___ an alternative: a seven-hur hike thrugh the “funnel frest”. Initially, we were ___28___ t run the risk. Hwever, I had ___29___ the turism mtt in the nature reserve: “If yu dn’t d it nw, yu wn’t d it in yur lifetime.” Three f ur grup ___30___ decided t venture int the frest. The innkeeper respnded with a knwing ___31___ : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next mrning, we set ff with a lcal ___32___ . Rain came and went three times, and befre I actually ___33___ t climb ver the first muntain, I had already gt wet t the skin. I was a walking ___34___ f mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a btanist, intrducing the lcally specific plants t us, but I was hardly in the ___35___ . Every step sank int the muddy, sucking grund. Every lg r rck in frnt f us was a physical ___36___ . “One can never reach thse places withut strng willpwer,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-ld ___37___ , ver and ver again.
Sinkhles and entrances t undergrund rivers kept ppping up alng ur ___38___ . Thinking f them leading t an unknwn wrld, I began t ___39___ the rad that I can cntrl even mre.
Wandering in a green chas withut any bvius landmarks is als breathtaking.
25. A. answeredB. tldC. fllwedD. favred
26. A. newsB. mattersC. cncernsD. cnclusins
27. A. wrked utB. tk inC. set dwnD. ruled ut
28. A. unwillingB. surprisedC. calmD. inspired
29. A. frgttenB. prmtedC. interpretedD. nticed
30. A. shrtlyB. latelyC. eventuallyD. suddenly
31. A. tasteB. tneC. smileD. sigh
32. A. btanistB. keeperC. farmerD. guide
33. A. managedB. decidedC. plannedD. agreed
34. A. visitrB. mixtureC. lgD. stranger
35. A. eagernessB. mdC. humrD. pity
36. A. cntactB. energyC. activityD. challenge
37. A. predictinB. lineC. dealD. secret
38. A. ruteB. landmarkC. platfrmD. rck
39. A. guaranteeB. ignreC. dubtD. appreciate
(二)
I’ll always remember a lessn that I learned as a by grwing up in New Yrk City. One day, when I was perhaps six years ld, I was walking with my father n a ____40____ street. All f a sudden, the flw f pedestrian traffic came t a stp as peple tried t ____41____ a large bject n the sidewalk. T my astnishment, the bject ____42____ t be a human being, a man lying uncnscius against a building. As we walked by, my father—the mdel f a lving, ____43____ gentleman—pinted t a bttle in a paper bag and tld me that the pr sul n the sidewalk just needed t sleep it ff. Then the drunken man began t murmur senselessly. My father ____44____ me nt t g near, saying “yu never knw hw he’ll react.”
Yet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rangn. I had spent the previus 12 mnths traveling in ____45____ Asian cities, but even by thse standards this was a scene f misery (窮困). ____46____ desperate pverty and strng winds blwing dust ____47____, the lcals had t live in the extremely ht climate with ridiculusly huge crwds. ____48____ a man carrying a huge bag f peanuts called ut in pain and ____49____ t the grund. I then witnessed an astnishing scene. Half a dzen ____50____ ran frm their stands t help, leaving unattended what might have been the ttality f their pssessins. One put a blanket under the man’s head; anther pened his shirt; the third ne ____51____ him carefully abut the pain; the furth ne ____52____ water; the fifth ne kept nlkers frm crwding arund t clsely; the sixth ne ran fr help. Within minutes a dctr arrived and tw ther lcals jined in t assist. The ____53____ culd have passed fr a final exam at a nursing schl.
I culdn’t help wndering, why peple act ____54____ at the similar situatin here?
40.
A. silentB. crwdedC. newD. remte
41.
A. avidB. identifyC. bserveD. apprach
42.
A. brke utB. std upC. turned utD. grew up
43.
A. strngB. caringC. hnestD. indifferent
44.
A. frcedB. persuadedC. warnedD. allwed
45.
A. prB. wealthyC. fashinableD. dangerus
46.
A. Instead fB. In spite fC. In case fD. In additin t
47.
A everywhereB. nwhereC. smewhereD. anywhere
48.
A. GraduallyB. AbslutelyC. ImmediatelyD. Suddenly
49.
A. fellB. jumpedC. rlledD. marched
50.
A. beggarsB. judgesC. sellersD. custmers
51.
A. dubtedB. namedC. explainedD. questined
52.
A. drankB. savedC. remvedD. fetched
53.
A. dctrB. nlkersC. perfrmanceD. discvery
54.
A. cnfidentlyB. differentlyC. independentlyD. cautiusly
四、單選(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
55. Behind last year’s Zib’s sudden fame ______ the effrts and services f the lcal gvernment, as well as a gd reputatin f lcal businesses.
A isB. areC. wereD. was
56. The exhibit als includes an interactive, immersive unit ______ visitrs may click a muse t change digital versins f the artwrk.
A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what
57. Many stres make clth shes using machines, but Qiang sticks t the technique f making shes entirely ______ hand.
A. withB. inC. byD. at
58. ______ many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned t China in 1955.
A. T vercmeB. Having vercmeC. OvercmingD. Overcme
59. She nted that cultural integratin has always been a prpsitin (主張) f the Maltese gvernment, and ______ cperatin between the tw sides shuld be based n equality.
A. theB. whatC. whichD. that
60. Celadn (青瓷) prduced in Lngquan, Zhejiang prvince, a technique passed dwn fr mre than 1,600 years, ______ a typical example f craftsmen’s pursuit f the perfect green glint (閃耀).
A. areB. beingC. wereD. is
61. Flk tunes and lyrics in his reginal dialect were ______ made singer-sng writer Zhang Gasng’s music stand ut.
A. whatB. thatC. hwD. where
62. Zhang has recrded and learned music frm flk musicians he met while travelling, as ______ means t preserve endangered flk music styles.
A theB. theseC. aD. thse
63. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message ______ fr everyne.
A. is intendedB. having intendedC. which intendedD. intended
64. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility ______ saving their envirnment.
A. frB. asC. inD. f
五、U10單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
65. _____(interrupt) are ne f the wrst things t deal with while yu’re trying t get wrk dne. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
66. S n behalf f the villagers’ benefit, the lcal gvernment has decided t call fr an end t the factries’ ______ (legal) behavirs. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
67. With a new teaching apprach ______ (adpt), the students are becming mre and mre interested in their study. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
68. Suffering severe backache, he was far frm ______ (impress) in his semi-final against Federer. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
69. Sme f the mst ______ (frequent) asked questins have prvked heated discussin amng the netizens. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
70. The study ______ (investigate) the impact f vilent TV prgramming n children ver the last tw years. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
71. Despite difficulties he still made a reslutin ______ (prceed) with envirnmental causes. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
72. He ______ (freeze) with terrr, ttally at a lss what he wuld d next. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
73. ______ (appeal) t the referee des nt ften result in a decisin being changed. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
74. Gvernment ______ (intervene) t regulate prices aims t lessen the destructive effects f ecnmic depressin. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
六、U11單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
75. I am writing t make an aplgy fr any ______ (不便) caused by my children.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
76. She felt ______ (羞愧) f making a mess in the bathrm. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
77. I have n chice but t make ______ (投訴) abut the salesman’s rude behavir. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
78. She made a New Year’s ______ (reslve) t study even harder in the cming year. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
79. His sudden ________(depart) threw the ffice int chas. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
80. The public demanded that the trps ______ (撤離，退出) frm the regin. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
81. The charity is busy d______ (分發(fā)，分配) fd t the earthquake victims. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
82. We can draw a ______ (cnclude) frm the statistics that hmelessness is n the increase. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
83. There is n denying that wrking ut regularly is ______ (benefit) t us. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
84. Frtunately, the kid made a full ______ (康復(fù)) after the peratin. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
七、U12單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
85. He prpsed that a fund ______ (establish) t raise mney. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
86. The ecnmy has shwn significant ______ (imprve) ver the past 9 mnths. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
87. The number f turists t the resrt declined ______ 10% last year.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
88. I have a gd cmmand f English with a high level f ______ (accurate). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
89. Tu Yuyu has devted her entire life t ______ (science) research int artemisinin. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
90. ______ (instant) M Yan stepped nt the stage, the audience burst int thunderus applause. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
91. On hearing the news, he ______ (vercme) with delight. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
92. Children are advised t drink as much ______ (bil) water as pssible, which is favrable t their health. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
93. Mzart, an internatinally recgnized musician, has a gift ______ cmpsitin. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
94. Tickets are ________ (availability) free f charge frm the schl. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
南陽一中2024年春期高二開學(xué)考試
英語試題
一、閱讀理解(共19小題;每小題2.5分，滿分47.5分)
A
Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.
The Castal Way
This rute(路線）cvers the entire length f Cardigan Bay, and spils travelers with its remte beaches and charming seaside twns.
Cmb the sand fr fssils,shells at Aberdarn Beach,and then hit the rad,heading cast tward Prthmadg. Here yu can hp n a heritage steam train, a relic f the regin's mining histry,t give Snwdnia's skyline yur undivided attentin.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.
The rute becmes increasingly wild and rugh as it weaves nrth int Pwys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and yu'll need plenty f energy fr hiking r muntain biking alng the trails.
The Nrth Wales Way
Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west thrugh the uncrwded Clwydian Hills until yu reach Ruthin, a little twn brimming with histry,where yu can see its restred castle, century-spanning museum and Victrian Ruthin Gal. Brder Cuntry
Tracing the dtted line that separates England and Wales n a map,this brder-hugging rute will take yu t sme f Wales' mst underrated sites slwly, if yu stick t the narrw back rads.
Starting in the brder twn f Chepstw in Sutheast Wales,make yur way nrthward.Yu can tp t admire the rfless ruins f Tintern Abbey and lesser knwn castes Skenfrith and Grsmnt
1. Which rute best suits peple wh enjy muntain scenery?
A. The Castal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C. The Nrth Wales Way
D. Brder Cuntry.
2. What is special abut The Nrth Wales Way?
A. It enables travelers t visit a castle.
B. It is an area f scenic beauty.
C. It ffers a glimpse int Welsh culture.
D. It is a crwd-free escape frm big cities.
3. What is the purpse f the article?
A. T intrduce rad trips in Wales.
B. T intrduce the Welsh landscape.
C. T tell abut Wales' histry.
D. T advertise Wales 'turism industry.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。威爾士擁有英國的一些最美麗的車道，本文介紹了四條不同的風(fēng)景參觀線路，供游客參觀。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Cambrian Way”部分“The Cambrian Way,which cuts nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks t its patchwrk fields, dense frests and rlling, sheep-dtted hills.”（寒武紀(jì)之路，從北到南穿過威爾士的中心，由于它錯(cuò)落有致的田野，茂密的森林，綿延起伏的山丘，是一個(gè)奇妙的地方。）可知，在The Cambrian Way，游客可以看到綿延起伏的山丘。選項(xiàng)B符合題意，故選B。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Nrth Wales Way”部分中“Spanning Wales' shrt but scenic nrth cast, this rute ffers rad trippers a chance t encunter Welsh histry, language and culture in a splendid setting. ” （橫跨威爾士短小但風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的北部海岸，這條路線為公路旅行者提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會，在一個(gè)壯麗的環(huán)境中接觸威爾士的歷史，語言和文化。）可知，這條路線可以幫助人們了解威爾士的文化，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Wales is hme t sme f the UK's mst beautiful drives.Narrw lanes criss-crss the land. meaning travel can be slw-but there's n need t rush.”（威爾士是英國最美的地方之一，狹窄的車道縱橫交錯(cuò)。也就是說旅行可能會很慢，但是沒有必要匆忙。）提到了威爾士美在于其狹窄的車道縱橫交錯(cuò)，同時(shí)結(jié)合下面段落中對威爾士的四條不同的風(fēng)景參觀線路的介紹，可知文章主要介紹了威爾士四條不同的供游客參觀風(fēng)景線路。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。
B
A 293-millin-mile jurney f the NASA Perseverance rver (探測器)t Mars ended successfully n February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezer Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rver, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and mst advanced explrer t date. Its primary missin is t search fr signs f ancient micrbial(微生物的)life n Mars.
Landing n Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力的) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.
The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft wuld burn up; any flatter, and it wuld get lst in space. It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.
Upn attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew ver the Martian surface t seek ut the perfect landing spt. Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database t find the best lcatin.
The NASA scientists will spend the next tw mnths testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rver will begin t carry ut its missin.
“Perseverance is the smartest rbt ever made, but cnfirming that micrbial life nce existed carries an unusually large burden f prf,” said Lri Glaze, directr f NASA’s Planetary Science Divisin.“ While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(樣本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.”
4. What is the extrardinary challenge fr the rver t land n Mars?
A. The speed reductin.
B. The atmsphere analysis.
C. The lcatin search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Ways t find the precise entry angle.
B. Cnsequences f wrng entry degree.
C. Factrs t survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasns fr the necessity f speed reducing.
6. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The space.B. The area.
C. The system.D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred frm Lri Glaze’s wrds?
A. Instruments abard the rver are nt quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able t cllect enugh evidence needed.
C. Man still has a lng way t g t prve there was life n Mars.
D. Samples f Mars will be returned sn t the labs n the Earth.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“毅力號”火星探測器的主要任務(wù)，以及其登陸火星過程中的情況。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The Red Planet’s gravitatinal(引力) pull causes appraching spacecraft t g faster t high speeds, while its thin atmsphere—just ne percent that f Earth’s—des little t help slw it dwn as it appraches the surface.(這顆紅色星球的引力使接近的航天器更快地達(dá)到高速，而它稀薄的大氣層(只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面時(shí)幾乎沒有幫助它減速。)”可知，火星引力會使得接近火星的航天器更快速行進(jìn)，并且火星稀薄的大氣層對減緩航天器的速度幾乎沒有幫助，故減速是“毅力號”探測器登陸火星的特別挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。
【5題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“The scientists had t reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed t a safe landing speed f less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle als had t be a precise 12 degrees(科學(xué)家們必須在六分半鐘內(nèi)將Percy的1.2萬英里/每小時(shí)的速度降低到不到每小時(shí)5英里的安全著陸速度。目標(biāo)進(jìn)入角度也必須精確到12度)”以及“It is n wnder that the final apprach is ften referred t as the “seven minutes f terrr”.(難怪最后一段時(shí)間通常被稱為“恐怖的七分鐘”)”可知，該段主要介紹了“恐怖七分鐘”的生存因素：降低速度和精確的切入角度。故選C。
【6題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前句內(nèi)容“Its cmplex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area (其復(fù)雜的地圖讀取系統(tǒng)快速掃描該區(qū)域)”可知，將Percy數(shù)據(jù)庫中的地圖與掃描的區(qū)域進(jìn)行匹配，由此找到最佳的著陸位置。故推斷it指代該句中的“the area”。故選B。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“While we’ll learn a lt with the great instruments we have abard the rver, it may very well require the far mre well-equipped labratries and delicate instruments back here n Earth t tell us whether ur samples(樣本)carry evidence that Mars nce harbred life.(雖然我們將通過探測器上的強(qiáng)大儀器了解到很多東西，但很可能需要地球上設(shè)備更完善的實(shí)驗(yàn)室和精密的儀器來告訴我們，我們的樣本是否攜帶了火星曾經(jīng)存在生命的證據(jù)。)”可知，確認(rèn)火星曾經(jīng)存在過微生物需要大量的證據(jù)，而攜帶這些證據(jù)的樣本又需要裝備更加齊全的實(shí)驗(yàn)室以及精密的儀器才能進(jìn)行分析。據(jù)此可推知,人類要證明火星上曾有生命還有很長的路要走。故選C。
C
Eln Musk isn’t cntent with electric cars, shting peple int rbit and ppulating Mars. He als wants t get inside yur brain.
His gal is t develp devices that can prvide treatment t neural (神經(jīng)的) diseases and that may ne day be pwerful enugh t put humanity n an equal fting with pssible future super intelligent cmputers.
Nt that it’s anywhere clse t that yet.
In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the yung cmpany is far frm having a cmmercial prduct, which wuld invlve cmplex human trials and gvernmental apprval. Friday’s vide shwed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a funder f bth the electric car cmpany Tesla Mtrs and the space-explratin firm SpaceX, has always been wrried abut that smarter AI machines will utwit humans. His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!
Musk urged cders (程序員), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. “Yu dn’t need t have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is smething that can be learned n the jb.
Cnnecting a brain up directly t electrnics is nt new. Dctrs have already put similar devices in brains t treat such cnditins as Parkinsn’s disease. In 2016, researchers reprted that a man regained sme mvement in his wn hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s prpsal ges beynd this. Neuralink wants t build n thse existing medical treatments and wrk n devices that culd link ur brains t cmputers ne day.
8. What can we learn abut the first versin f the Neuralink?
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a persn’s head.
C. It has t be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “utwit” in paragraph 6?
A. cpyB. defeatC. understandD. destry
10. What kind f candidates des Eln Musk particularly want?
A. Smene wh als wants t create the same device.
B. Dctrs wh already knw hw t treat brain diseases.
C. Peple wh have already designed sme unique prducts.
D. Engineers wh are gd at linking brains t cmputers.
11. Where is this text likely frm?
A. An advertisement.B. A test reprt.
C. A science fictin nvel.D. A news reprt.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了 Eln Musk最新推出的Neuralink人機(jī)接口。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段顯然是 尋找新員工的視頻中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬幣大小的設(shè)備。它被設(shè)計(jì)成放在一個(gè)人的大腦里面。該設(shè)備的早期版本像一個(gè)巨大的助聽器一樣必須被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必須掛在耳后。故選C。
【9題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文“His slutin? Link ur brains t cmputers s we can keep up with r even win ver them in intelligence!(他的解決方案？把我們的大腦和電腦連接起來，這樣我們就能在智力上跟上它們，甚至戰(zhàn)勝它們)”可推斷，Eln Musk擔(dān)心人工智能機(jī)器人會打敗人類由此他的解決方案是將人類的大腦和電腦連接起來，這樣就能跟上AI甚至打敗他們。故推測劃線詞的意思表示“打敗”，與defeat意思相近。故選B。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段“Musk urged cders (程序員), engineers and especially peple wh have actually created a prduct t apply. (Musk敦促程序員、工程師，特別是那些實(shí)際創(chuàng)造了一種產(chǎn)品的人來申請)”可知，Eln Musk特別垂青那些有獨(dú)創(chuàng)作品的程序員及工程師。故選C。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“In a vide Friday bviusly aimed at seeking new emplyees, Musk shwed ff the secnd versin f the Neuralink, a device abut the size f a large cin. It’s designed t be put in a persn’s head. An earlier versin f the device has t be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段顯然是為了招聘新員工的視頻中，馬斯克展示了第二個(gè)版本的Neuralink，這是一種大硬幣大小的設(shè)備。它被設(shè)計(jì)用來植入人的大腦。該設(shè)備的早期版本必須像一個(gè)巨大的助聽器一樣放在耳朵后面)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了Eln Musk在本周五演示錄像中展示的產(chǎn)品——最新推出的Neuralink人機(jī)接口設(shè)備進(jìn)行的報(bào)道和說明。由此推知，這篇文章可能來自一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選D。
D
On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黃) in if yu want t get fit. Plus, frget the bad impressin that the chlesterl (膽固醇) in ylks has gtten in the past. The USDA remved limits n dietary chlesterl in its mst recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence desn’t back up claims that the chlesterl yu eat has much influence n bld chlesterl levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten yung men eat either whle eggs r egg whites after cmpleting a strength-training wrkut. Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. Abut 65 t 70 percent f amin acids were available in the bld fr bth the whle egg and egg white grups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest f the results didn’t back up that cnclusin.
When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement.
Althugh this study was t small I t be cnclusive, its cnclusin backs up whle egg benefits that nutritinists have been praising fr years. Frm their pint f view egg whites are high-prtein, lw-calrie, but the ylk cntains nearly all f an egg’s vitamins. And ne study fund that adults wh eat whle eggs in the mrning lse mre weight and bdy fat than thse wh get the same number f calries frm a bread-based breakfast. While n large studies have lked int the weight-lss benefits f whle eggs vs egg whites, there’s als n evidence that the 140 calries in tw whle large eggs shuld scare yu away. Crack n, egg lvers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1?
A. The whites can help peple have a gd shape.
B. The ylk’s functin is different frm the whites.
C. Peple tend t cnsider the ylk t be unhealthy.
D. The ylk has much t d with bld chlesterl levels.
13. Why were the eggs develped with chemical markers?
A. T help prcess the prteins better.
B. T make them healthier fr peple.
C. T track the amin acids during digestin.
D. T help the bdy cnsume amin acids.
14. The findings f the recent study mainly shw that_________.
A. amin acids are easy t get in eggs
B. eating the whle egg helps build muscles
C. the ylk f the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can prduce mre prteins than any ther kinds f fd_________.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Egg Whites VS Whle Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets r Just the Ylk
C. The Crrect Way t Build Muscles
D. Unknwn Facts abut Egg White Omelets
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文時(shí)一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃全蛋比只吃蛋白更有利于肌肉的修復(fù)和增長。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu're bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷).(在任何早餐菜單的“健康”部分，你一定會看到一個(gè)蛋清煎蛋卷)”可知，人們認(rèn)為只吃蛋白是健康的。由此推知，人們往往認(rèn)為蛋黃不健康。故選C項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bth egg chices cntained 18 grams f prtein, and the eggs were develped with chemical markers. Thanks t them, the researchers tracked hw the men’s bdies used amin acids (氨基酸) frm the eggs and egg whites, and fund sme surprising results. (兩種雞蛋都含有18克蛋白質(zhì)，這些雞蛋都帶有化學(xué)標(biāo)記。多虧了他們，研究人員追蹤了這些男性的身體是如何利用雞蛋和蛋白中的氨基酸的，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些令人驚訝的結(jié)果)”可推知，用化學(xué)標(biāo)記物培育雞蛋是為了追蹤消化時(shí)產(chǎn)生的氨基酸。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“When the researchers lked specifically at hw much prtein synthesis — the prcess that helps muscles repair and grw — ccurred, ne frm f egg clearly did better than the ther. “Having whle eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater prtein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study authr Nichlas Burd in a statement. (當(dāng)研究人員專門觀察蛋白質(zhì)合成的多少時(shí)——這個(gè)過程有助于肌肉的修復(fù)和生長——發(fā)現(xiàn)一種形式的雞蛋明顯比另一種更好?！斑\(yùn)動后立即吃全蛋比只吃蛋清能產(chǎn)生更多的蛋白質(zhì)合成，”該研究的主要作者尼古拉斯·伯德在一份聲明中說)”可知，最近的研究結(jié)果主要表明，吃全蛋有助于增強(qiáng)肌肉。故選B項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“On the “healthy” sectin f any breakfast menu, yu’re bund t spt an egg white melet (煎蛋卷). With n fat and just a quarter f the calries in a whle egg, the whites lk like the best chice at first glance. Nt s fast, thugh new research shws a gd reasn why yu might want t keep the ylk (蛋黃) in if yu want t get fit. (在任何早餐菜單的“健康”部分，你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)蛋清煎蛋卷。雞蛋蛋白不含脂肪，熱量只有整個(gè)雞蛋的四分之一，乍一看是最好的選擇。雖然最新研究表明，如果你想保持健康，你可能會想保留蛋黃，但速度不會太快)”及下文論述可知，文章主要講的是一個(gè)有關(guān)吃蛋白和吃全蛋哪個(gè)更好的研究。故選A項(xiàng)。
E
The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.
Kimin Em a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries. It is wrth nticing because Western cuntries tend t have cultural values that priritize individuals’ wn attitudes and beliefs and encurage expressin f them.
“The thery seemed t be that nce individuals are led t believe in the urgency f envirnmental issues and have strnger cncerns abut sustainability (持續(xù)性), they will change and act t address the issues,” explains Em. But this relatinship might nt hld fr individuals living in mre cllectivistic (集體主義的) scieties, which place mre emphasis n scial harmny and unifrmity than n self-expressin, Em and his team assumed.
T examine what drives envirnmental actin in individualistic and cllectivistic cultures, the researchers cnducted a study with participants frm the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a cllectivistic culture). They fund envirnmental cncern was clsely cnnected with envirnmental behavir — in this case, chsing envirnmentally friendly prducts — but nly amng American participants. On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.
The findings suggest that persnal cncerns are mre likely t mtivate peple t take envirnmental actin if they live in individualistic cuntries, while scial nrms (準(zhǔn)則) are mre likely t drive peple t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavir if they live in cllectivistic cuntries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical t addressing urgent scial challenges, such as climate change,” says Em. “Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins (干預(yù)) that address imprtant scial issues.”
16. What des Em find abut previus research n envirnmental behavir?
A. Its study participants are t limited.
B. Its results need a while t be achieved.
C. It priritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D. It draws much evidence frm public discussin.
17. Under which cnditin will a Japanese man mst likely take envirnmental actin?
A. If he sees many thers d s.
B. If he is affected by cllectivistic values.
C. If he mves t an individualistic cuntry.
D. If he wrries abut the envirnment persnally.
18. What des Em say abut their research in the last paragraph?
A. It fails t take participants’ psychlgical factrs int accunt.
B. It encurages scientists and plicymakers t make jint effrts.
C. It has a further study directin twards urgent scial challenges.
D. It prvides insights int prmting public engagement in scial issues.
19. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Scial Nrms Play a Part in Addressing Pllutin
B. Envirnmental Issues Originate frm Natinal Cultures
C. Mtivating Ec-Friendly Behavirs Depends n Cultural Values
D. Mre Envirnmental Cncerns Usually Mean Mre Green Actin
【答案】16. A 17. A 18. D 19. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)研究表示，一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定人們對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否會促使個(gè)人做出環(huán)保行為。
【16題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries.(加州大學(xué)圣芭芭拉分校的心理科學(xué)家Kimin Em注意到，關(guān)于環(huán)境行為的公眾討論和學(xué)術(shù)研究通常都集中在西方國家的人身上，因此受到啟發(fā)，開始調(diào)查文化、環(huán)境關(guān)注和環(huán)境行動之間的聯(lián)系。)”可知，Kimin Em注意到之前關(guān)于環(huán)境行為的公眾討論和學(xué)術(shù)研究通常都集中在西方國家的人身上，由此可推測出，這些研究的對象具有局限性。故選A。
【17題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.(另一方面，在日本參與者中，相信很大一部分人進(jìn)行環(huán)保行為與做出環(huán)保選擇有關(guān)，但在美國參與者中則不然。)”可知，在日本參與者當(dāng)中，當(dāng)他們相信有很大一部分人做出了環(huán)保行為，他們也會做出環(huán)保選擇。由此可推測出，當(dāng)一個(gè)日本人看到許多其他人采取環(huán)保行動，那么他也會這么做。故選A。
【18題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins(干預(yù)) that address imprtant scial issues.(我們的研究表明，科學(xué)家、政策制定者和活動家需要了解文化如何塑造行動的心理因素，以制定解決重要社會問題的政策、運(yùn)動和干預(yù)措施。)”可推測出，該研究為促進(jìn)公眾參與解決社會問題提供了見解。故選D。
【19題詳解】
標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，第一段“The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《心理科學(xué)》上的研究，一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否真的會導(dǎo)致個(gè)人進(jìn)行環(huán)保行為。)”引出主題，即一個(gè)國家的特定文化價(jià)值觀可能決定人們對環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注是否真的會促使個(gè)人做出環(huán)保行動，所以C項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)生態(tài)友好行為取決于文化價(jià)值觀”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C。
二、七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
The next time yu’re at an airprt r htel, yu might ntice a traveling grup that cnsists f yung kids, parents, and grandparents vacatining tgether. ___20___But mre and mre families tend t bring multiple generatins with them.
___21___In larger grups, fr example, child-care respnsibilities can be shared acrss family members, allwing parents t take a break. But the real value f these trips might be hw they give relatives an pprtunity t freshen their perceptin f the peple they’ve knwn fr perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us ut f ur familiar cntexts and ffer peple a chance t see ne anther differently.
The shift tward multi-generatinal travel has a few explanatins. Fr ne, grandparents tday stay healthy later in life, allwing them mre energy fr travel. ___22___Plus, the average U.S. husehld has becme mre multi-generatinal. Americans are nt just traveling with grandparents in rder t spend time with them, they are traveling with them because they are mre likely t live with them in the first place. ___23___Americans are taking fewer vacatin days than they did in the 1970s. They might want t make the mst f that time by including as many peple as pssible.
Whatever the reasn fr its ppularity, a multi-generatinal trip can be a rare time when yunger and lder generatins can glimpse the cmplex peple they have each becme. Away frm the family hme, lder generatins get t see their adult children as respnsible parents. Kids get t see their grandparents encunter a new envirnment. ___24___
A. Anther explanatin is time pressure.
B. The benefits f multi-generatinal trips are numerus.
C. Decades ag, nly wealthy families vacatined tgether.
D. A scene like this wuld have been rare a few decades ag.
E. Multi generatinal family travel tps the list f travel trends.
F. Everyne gets t break ut f their family rles and figure ut hw t be tgether.
G. Als, big-grup accmmdatin has becme mre affrdable thrugh nline platfrms.
【答案】20. D 21. B 22. G 23. A 24. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了多代同游現(xiàn)象。
【20題詳解】
后一句“But mre and mre, families tend t bring multiple generatins with them.(但越來越多的家庭傾向于多代同游。)”說越來越多的家庭傾向于多代同游，前后之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)說在過去多代同游是少見的，D項(xiàng)“幾十年前，這樣的場景是罕見的?！狈项}意。故選D。
【21題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“In larger grups, fr example, child-care respnsibilities can be shared acrss family members, allwing parents t take a break. But the real value f these trips might be hw they give relatives an pprtunity t freshen their perceptin f the peple they’ve knwn fr perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us ut f ur familiar cntexts and ffer peple a chance t see ne anther differently.(例如，在較大的群體中，照顧孩子的責(zé)任可以由家庭成員分擔(dān)，讓父母休息一下。但這些旅行的真正價(jià)值可能是它們?nèi)绾谓o親屬一個(gè)機(jī)會，讓他們重新認(rèn)識他們可能一輩子都熟悉的人。旅行可以讓我們走出熟悉的環(huán)境，讓人們有機(jī)會以不同的方式看待彼此。)”可知，本段分析了多代同游的好處，B項(xiàng)“多代同游的好處眾多?！狈项}意。故選B。
【22題詳解】
根據(jù)第三段首句“The shift tward multi-generatinal travel has a few explanatins.(向多代同游的轉(zhuǎn)變有幾個(gè)解釋。)”可知，本段解釋了多代同游流行的原因?？涨耙痪洹癋r ne, grandparents tday stay healthy later in life, allwing them mre energy fr travel.(一個(gè)解釋是，今天的祖父母在晚年的生活中保持健康，讓他們有更多的精力旅行。)”是第一個(gè)原因，選項(xiàng)G“此外，通過在線平臺，大團(tuán)體住宿變得更加實(shí)惠?！崩锏摹癆ls”說明是第二個(gè)原因，后文“Plus”說明是第三個(gè)原因，故選G。
【23題詳解】
結(jié)合第3題分析可知，前面的“Fr ne”“Als”“Plus”分別對應(yīng)解釋了三個(gè)原因，A選項(xiàng)“另一種解釋是時(shí)間壓力?！敝械摹癆nther explanatin”說明是第四個(gè)原因，且跟后文“Americans are taking fewer vacatin days than they did in the 1970s.(與20世紀(jì)70年代相比，美國人的假期減少了。)”相照應(yīng)，說明時(shí)間有限也是原因之一，故選A。
【24題詳解】
根據(jù)前文中的“Away frm the family hme, lder generatins get t see their adult children as respnsible parents. Kids get t see their grandparents encunter a new envirnment.(在遠(yuǎn)離家庭的地方，老一輩的人將成年子女視為負(fù)責(zé)任的父母。孩子們可以看到他們的祖父母遇到一個(gè)新的環(huán)境。)”可知，每個(gè)人都能從遠(yuǎn)離家庭的環(huán)境中感受到新的東西，由此可知，多代同游可以讓每個(gè)人都擺脫家庭角色，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都可以擺脫家庭角色，想辦法在一起。”符合題意。故選F。
三、完形填空(兩篇共30小題;每小題1分，滿分30分)
(一)
I fund a wnderful picture f Malan karst cnes nline and presented it t the innkeeper. “Yu can’t g there,” the innkeeper ___25___ me. “The viewing platfrm has been clsed due t ___26___ that t many visitrs culd cause gelgical damage.”
Despite ur disappintment, we ___27___ an alternative: a seven-hur hike thrugh the “funnel frest”. Initially, we were ___28___ t run the risk. Hwever, I had ___29___ the turism mtt in the nature reserve: “If yu dn’t d it nw, yu wn’t d it in yur lifetime.” Three f ur grup ___30___ decided t venture int the frest. The innkeeper respnded with a knwing ___31___ : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next mrning, we set ff with a lcal ___32___ . Rain came and went three times, and befre I actually ___33___ t climb ver the first muntain, I had already gt wet t the skin. I was a walking ___34___ f mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a btanist, intrducing the lcally specific plants t us, but I was hardly in the ___35___ . Every step sank int the muddy, sucking grund. Every lg r rck in frnt f us was a physical ___36___ . “One can never reach thse places withut strng willpwer,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-ld ___37___ , ver and ver again.
Sinkhles and entrances t undergrund rivers kept ppping up alng ur ___38___ . Thinking f them leading t an unknwn wrld, I began t ___39___ the rad that I can cntrl even mre.
Wandering in a green chas withut any bvius landmarks is als breathtaking.
25. A. answeredB. tldC. fllwedD. favred
26. A. newsB. mattersC. cncernsD. cnclusins
27. A. wrked utB. tk inC. set dwnD. ruled ut
28. A. unwillingB. surprisedC. calmD. inspired
29. A. frgttenB. prmtedC. interpretedD. nticed
30. A. shrtlyB. latelyC. eventuallyD. suddenly
31. A. tasteB. tneC. smileD. sigh
32. A. btanistB. keeperC. farmerD. guide
33. A. managedB. decidedC. plannedD. agreed
34. A. visitrB. mixtureC. lgD. stranger
35 A. eagernessB. mdC. humrD. pity
36. A. cntactB. energyC. activityD. challenge
37. A. predictinB. lineC. dealD. secret
38. A. ruteB. landmarkC. platfrmD. rck
39. A. guaranteeB. ignreC. dubtD. appreciate
【答案】25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和同伴在“漏斗森林”探險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷。在探險(xiǎn)的路上，作者多次遇到下雨的糟糕天氣，體力不支，心情低落。但當(dāng)想到不斷冒出的水坑和地下河流的入口在通往一個(gè)未知的世界時(shí)，他開始更加欣賞沿途令人嘆為觀止的風(fēng)景 。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你不能去那兒，”旅店老板告訴我。A. answered回答；B. tld告訴；C. fllwed跟隨；D. favred喜愛。根據(jù)前文的“I fund a wnderful picture f Malan karst cnes nline and presented it t the innkeeper. “Yu can’t g there,” the innkeeper”可知，作者讓客棧老板看旅游地茂蘭喀斯特巖溶錐的精美照片，客棧老板在告知作者不能去那兒。故選B項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“由于擔(dān)心游客過多會造成地質(zhì)破壞，觀景臺已經(jīng)關(guān)閉。”A. news新聞；B. matters事項(xiàng)；C. cncerns擔(dān)心；D. cnclusins結(jié)論。根據(jù)空后的“that t many visitrs culd cause gelgical damage”可知，太多的游客可能造成地質(zhì)破壞，此空應(yīng)表示“擔(dān)憂”。故選C項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：盡管我們很失望，但我們還是想出了另一個(gè)辦法：在“漏斗森林”中徒步7個(gè)小時(shí)。A. wrked ut算出；B. tk in理解；C. set dwn放下；D. ruled ut排除。根據(jù)前文的“Despite ur disappintment”和后文“ an alternative: a seven-hur hike thrugh the “funnel frest””可知，作者盡管失望，但是事情有所轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，此處應(yīng)該是想出了可替代的旅游方案：穿越“漏斗森林”的七小時(shí)徒步旅行。故選A項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，我們不愿意冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)。A. unwilling不情愿；B. surprised吃驚的；C. calm冷靜的；D. inspired受到啟發(fā)的。根據(jù)下文“t run the risk”和“Hwever, I had 5 the turism mtt in the nature reserve: “If yu dn’t d it nw, yu wn’t d it in yur lifetime.””可知，作者的旅游團(tuán)隊(duì)最終決定去森林探險(xiǎn)，由“Hwever”一詞可知，本空所在句子應(yīng)為:“我們本不愿意去冒險(xiǎn)”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我注意到自然保護(hù)區(qū)的旅游格言:“如果你現(xiàn)在不做，你這輩子就不會做了。”A. frgtten忘記；B. prmted促進(jìn)；C. interpreted說明；D. nticed注意到。根據(jù)前文的“the turism mtt in the nature reserve”可知，“我”注意到自然保護(hù)區(qū)的旅游格言。故選D項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)俗罱K決定冒險(xiǎn)進(jìn)入森林。A. shrtly很快；B. lately最近；C. eventually最終；D. suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文“Initially, we were 4 t run the risk. Hwever, I had 5 the turism mtt in the nature reserve: “If yu dn’t d it nw, yu wn’t d it in yur lifetime.””可知，一開始作者的旅游團(tuán)隊(duì)對探秘“漏斗森林”存在為難情緒，此空應(yīng)指在“旅游箴言”的激勵(lì)下，作者團(tuán)隊(duì)中的三個(gè)人終于做出了選擇。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：客棧老板會心一笑:“太好了。貝爾·格里爾斯去了那里。”A. taste品嘗；B. tne音調(diào)；C. smile微笑；D. sigh嘆氣。根據(jù)下文“Great. Bear Grylls went there.”可知，客棧老板贊同作者團(tuán)隊(duì)的選擇，所以此處應(yīng)指客棧老板會意一笑。故選C項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我們和一位當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游出發(fā)了。A. btanist植物學(xué)家；B. keeper守門員；C. farmer農(nóng)民；D. guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)下文“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a btanist”可知，本空指作者團(tuán)隊(duì)在當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)У膸ьI(lǐng)下出發(fā)了。故選D項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雨下了三次，在我真正爬過第一座山之前，我已經(jīng)渾身濕透了。A. managed管理；B. decided決定；C. planned計(jì)劃；D. agreed同意。根據(jù)前文的“The next mrning, we set ff with a lcal 8”和下文“t climb ver the first muntain”可知，上文提到作者已經(jīng)出發(fā)旅行，所以此處指作者在成功爬過第一座山前就已經(jīng)渾身濕透。故選A項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我是泥和水的混合體。A. visitr訪客；B. mixture混合物；C. lg日志；D. stranger陌生人。根據(jù)前文的“Rain came and went three times, and befre I actually 9 t climb ver the first muntain, I had already gt wet t the skin.”可知，作者在森林探險(xiǎn)中遇上糟糕的天氣，還沒爬過一座山時(shí)就已經(jīng)渾身濕透，再根據(jù)空后“mud and water”可知，作者渾身都是泥和水，成了水和泥的混合體。故選B項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的導(dǎo)游50多歲，表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)植物學(xué)家，向我們介紹當(dāng)?shù)靥赜械闹参铮也]有興致。A. eagerness急切；B. md情緒；C. humr幽默；D. pity同情。根據(jù)前文“I was a walking 10 f mud and water.”和“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a btanist, intrducing the lcally specific plants t us, but I was hardly”可知，導(dǎo)游興致勃勃，但作者因?yàn)閴奶鞖鈳淼牟槐愣械叫那榈吐洹９蔬xB項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們面前的每一塊木頭或巖石都是對身體的挑戰(zhàn)。A. cntact聯(lián)系；B. energy能量；C. activity活動；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。 根據(jù)空前“Every step sank int the muddy, sucking grund. Every lg r rck in frnt f us was a physica”可知，作者每走一步都陷在泥濘的地面中，由此可看出要跨越木頭或巖石更是一種體力挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喃喃地說，一遍又一遍地背誦著這句上千年的老話。A. predictin預(yù)測；B. line話，言語；C. deal交易；D. secret秘密。根據(jù)空前“One can never reach thse places withut strng willpwer”可知，作者一遍又一遍用千年古語來鼓勵(lì)自己繼續(xù)探秘。故選B項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：天坑和地下河流的入口不斷在我們的路線上出現(xiàn)。A. rute路線；B. landmark地標(biāo)；C. platfrm平臺；D. rck巖石。根據(jù)前文的“The next mrning, we set ff with a lcal 8 ”可知，作者在向?qū)У囊I(lǐng)下探秘“漏斗森林”，因此他們會沿著一定的路線前行，因此本空所在句子應(yīng)指沿著他們的路線看到的景象。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：想到它們通向一個(gè)未知的世界，我開始更加珍惜這條我可以掌控的路。A. guarantee擔(dān)保；B. ignre忽略；C. dubt懷疑；D. appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)下文“Wandering in a green chas withut any bvius landmarks is als breathtaking.”可知，在一片混亂的綠色中漫步，沒有任何明顯的地標(biāo)也是令人驚嘆的，這是作者開始欣賞沿途的美景的感受。故選D項(xiàng)。
(二)
I’ll always remember a lessn that I learned as a by grwing up in New Yrk City. One day, when I was perhaps six years ld, I was walking with my father n a ____40____ street. All f a sudden, the flw f pedestrian traffic came t a stp as peple tried t ____41____ a large bject n the sidewalk. T my astnishment, the bject ____42____ t be a human being, a man lying uncnscius against a building. As we walked by, my father—the mdel f a lving, ____43____ gentleman—pinted t a bttle in a paper bag and tld me that the pr sul n the sidewalk just needed t sleep it ff. Then the drunken man began t murmur senselessly. My father ____44____ me nt t g near, saying “yu never knw hw he’ll react.”
Yet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rangn. I had spent the previus 12 mnths traveling in ____45____ Asian cities, but even by thse standards this was a scene f misery (窮困). ____46____ desperate pverty and strng winds blwing dust ____47____, the lcals had t live in the extremely ht climate with ridiculusly huge crwds. ____48____ a man carrying a huge bag f peanuts called ut in pain and ____49____ t the grund. I then witnessed an astnishing scene. Half a dzen ____50____ ran frm their stands t help, leaving unattended what might have been the ttality f their pssessins. One put a blanket under the man’s head; anther pened his shirt; the third ne ____51____ him carefully abut the pain; the furth ne ____52____ water; the fifth ne kept nlkers frm crwding arund t clsely; the sixth ne ran fr help. Within minutes a dctr arrived and tw ther lcals jined in t assist. The ____53____ culd have passed fr a final exam at a nursing schl.
I culdn’t help wndering, why peple act ____54____ at the similar situatin here?
40.
A. silentB. crwdedC. newD. remte
41.
A. avidB. identifyC. bserveD. apprach
42.
A. brke utB. std upC. turned utD. grew up
43.
A. strngB. caringC. hnestD. indifferent
44.
A. frcedB. persuadedC. warnedD. allwed
45.
A. prB. wealthyC. fashinableD. dangerus
46.
A. Instead fB. In spite fC. In case fD. In additin t
47.
A. everywhereB. nwhereC. smewhereD. anywhere
48.
A. GraduallyB. AbslutelyC. ImmediatelyD. Suddenly
49.
A. fellB. jumpedC. rlledD. marched
50.
A. beggarsB. judgesC. sellersD. custmers
51.
A. dubtedB. namedC. explainedD. questined
52.
A. drankB. savedC. remvedD. fetched
53.
A. dctrB. nlkersC. perfrmanceD. discvery
54.
A. cnfidentlyB. differentlyC. independentlyD. cautiusly
【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. D 53. C 54. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者小時(shí)候跟隨父親上街，看到路邊有一名醉酒的路人，然而沒有施以援手；若干年后作者在亞洲旅行，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)人們互幫互助，由此引發(fā)了作者對人生的思考。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大概六歲的時(shí)候，有一天，我和父親走在一條擁擠的街上。A. silent 安靜的；B. crwded 擁擠的；C. new 新的；D. remte 遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“the flw f pedestrian traffic”可知，路上車水馬龍，人來人往，這是一條擁擠的大街，故選B項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，人流停了下來，人們試圖避開人行道上的一個(gè)大型物體。A. avid 避開；B. identify 確認(rèn)；C. bserve 觀察；D. apprach 接近。根據(jù)下文“a man lying uncnscius against a building”以及“My father ___5__ me nt t g near,”可知，此處表示人們都在避開他，故選A項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：令我大吃一驚的是，那個(gè)物體竟然是一個(gè)人，一個(gè)不省人事地靠著一棟建筑物躺著的人。A. brke ut 爆發(fā)；B. std up 站起來；C. turned ut 原來是；D. grew up 長大。根據(jù)上文“T my astnishment”可知，作者一開始沒有看清路邊躺著的是什么，走進(jìn)一看才大吃一驚，原來是個(gè)人，故選C項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們走過時(shí)，我的父親——一個(gè)充滿愛心和關(guān)懷的紳士典范——指著紙袋里的一個(gè)瓶子告訴我，人行道上那個(gè)可憐的人只需要睡一覺就好了。A. strng 健壯的；B. caring 關(guān)愛的；C. hnest 誠實(shí)的；D. indifferent 不同的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ving”可知，作者的父親是有一個(gè)充滿愛心的人，故選B項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親警告我不要靠近他，說：“你永遠(yuǎn)不知道他會有什么反應(yīng)。”A. frced 強(qiáng)迫；B. persuaded 說服；C. warned 警告；D. allwed 允許。根據(jù)下文“yu never knw hw he’ll react.”可知，父親警告作者不知道會發(fā)生什么事，所以不要走近，故選C項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在此之前的12個(gè)月里，我在亞洲的一些貧窮城市旅行，但即使按照這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這也是一幅窮困的景象。A. pr 貧窮的；B. wealthy 富有的；C. fashinable 時(shí)尚的；D. dangerus 危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“but even by thse standards this was a scene f misery”可知，這些地方到處是一副窮困的景象，故選A項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：除了極度的貧窮和大風(fēng)吹來的塵土，當(dāng)?shù)厝诉€不得不生活在極端炎熱的氣候和荒謬的人群中。A. Instead f 而不是；B. In spite f 盡管；C. In case f 以防萬一；D. In additin t 除了。根據(jù)下文“the lcals had t live in the extremely ht climate with ridiculusly huge crwds.”可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裆钬毨?，不僅要和天氣做斗爭，還要在貧窮及人群中掙扎，故選D項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：除了極度的貧窮和大風(fēng)吹的塵土到處都是，當(dāng)?shù)厝诉€不得不生活在極端炎熱的氣候和荒謬的人群中。A. everywhere 四處；B. nwhere 不知何處；C. smewhere 有些地方；D. anywhere 任何地方。根據(jù)上文“strng winds”可知，天上刮大風(fēng)，肯定是把灰塵刮得到處都是，故選A項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，一個(gè)扛著一大包花生的人痛苦地叫了一聲，倒在了地上。A. Gradually 逐漸地；B. Abslutely 絕對地；C. Immediately 立即地；D. Suddenly 突然地。根據(jù)上文“but even by thse standards this was a scene f misery”以及語境可知，作者正在觀察當(dāng)?shù)刎毟F的狀況，突然一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦乖诘厣?，故選D項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，一個(gè)扛著一大包花生的人痛苦地叫了一聲，倒在了地上。A. fell 倒下；B. jumped 跳起；C. rlled 打滾；D. marched 前進(jìn)。根據(jù)下文“Half a dzen sellers ran frm their stands t help”可知，這位居民倒地上了，所以周圍的人們才會跑來幫忙，故選A項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五六個(gè)小販從他們的攤位上跑來幫忙，把他們的全部家當(dāng)都丟在那里，無人看管。A. beggars 乞丐；B. judges 評委；C. sellers 賣家；D. custmers 顧客。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eaving unattended what might have been the ttality f their pssessins”可知，這些人把他們?nèi)康呢?cái)產(chǎn)扔下了，說明這是攤販，顧客等人是不會隨身攜帶全部財(cái)產(chǎn)出門的，故選C項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第三個(gè)人仔細(xì)地詢問他哪里疼。A. dubted 懷疑；B. named 命名；C. explained 解釋；D. questined 詢問。根據(jù)下文“him carefully abut the pain”可知，此處表示第三個(gè)人詢問他哪里疼，故選D項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第四個(gè)人去拿了一些水。A. drank 喝；B. saved 救；C. remved 移除；D. fetched 獲取。根據(jù)下文“water”可知，好心人會去幫忙打水給病人喝，故選D項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們的表現(xiàn)完全可以通過醫(yī)護(hù)學(xué)校的期末考試。A. dctr 醫(yī)生；B. nlkers 旁觀者；C. perfrmance 表現(xiàn)；D. discvery 發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“One put a blanket under the man’s head; anther pened his shirt; the third ne ___12___ him carefully abut the pain; the furth ne___13___ water; the fifth ne kept nlkers frm crwding arund t clsely; the sixth ne ran fr help.”可知，人們分工明確，不慌不忙，為了救助病人合作上演了一次急救場面，這是人們的表現(xiàn)，故選C項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么相同的場景下，這里的人們卻表現(xiàn)不同呢？A. cnfidently 自信地；B. differently 不同地；C. independently獨(dú)立地；D. cautiusly謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)第二段第一行“Yet many years later I had a very different experience”可知，若干年后作者經(jīng)歷了完全不同的事情，這里是和第二段進(jìn)行首尾呼應(yīng)，在相同的場景下，人們的表現(xiàn)卻是不同的，故選B項(xiàng)。
四、單選(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
55. Behind last year’s Zib’s sudden fame ______ the effrts and services f the lcal gvernment, as well as a gd reputatin f lcal businesses.
A. isB. areC. wereD. was
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：去年淄博突然成名的背后是當(dāng)?shù)卣呐头?wù)，以及當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的良好聲譽(yù)。根據(jù)last year可知，此處描述發(fā)生在過去的事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，主語the effrts and services f the lcal gvernment是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用were。故選C項(xiàng)。
56. The exhibit als includes an interactive, immersive unit ______ visitrs may click a muse t change digital versins f the artwrk.
A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：展覽還包括一個(gè)互動的沉浸式單元，參觀者可以點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)來改變藝術(shù)品的數(shù)字版本。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞unit，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中表示行為發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故選B。
57. Many stres make clth shes using machines, but Qiang sticks t the technique f making shes entirely ______ hand.
A. withB. inC. byD. at
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：許多商店都用機(jī)器制作布鞋，但強(qiáng)堅(jiān)持完全手工制作的技術(shù)。with hand“用手”；in hand“在手頭；在掌握中”；by hand“用手工”；at hand“在手邊；即將到來”。根據(jù)語意可知，空處應(yīng)表達(dá)“用手工”，故應(yīng)用介詞短語by hand。故選C項(xiàng)。
58. ______ many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned t China in 1955.
A. T vercmeB. Having vercmeC. OvercmingD. Overcme
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在美國，錢學(xué)森克服了重重困難，終于在1955年回到了中國。動詞vercme和邏輯主語Qian之間是主謂關(guān)系，且vercme表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞returned之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，故選B。
59. She nted that cultural integratin has always been a prpsitin (主張) f the Maltese gvernment, and ______ cperatin between the tw sides shuld be based n equality.
A. theB. whatC. whichD. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：她指出，文化融合一直是馬耳他政府的主張，雙方的合作應(yīng)建立在平等的基礎(chǔ)上。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，跟前面第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句并列，that在從句中不作成分，也沒有意義，一個(gè)動詞后有兩個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能省略。故選D項(xiàng)。
60. Celadn (青瓷) prduced in Lngquan, Zhejiang prvince, a technique passed dwn fr mre than 1,600 years, ______ a typical example f craftsmen’s pursuit f the perfect green glint (閃耀).
A. areB. beingC. wereD. is
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致。句意：產(chǎn)自浙江省龍泉市的青瓷，其工藝傳承超過1600多年，是工匠追求完美綠色光澤的典型范例。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句的主語為：Celadn，為單數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式。又因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選D項(xiàng)。
61. Flk tunes and lyrics in his reginal dialect were ______ made singer-sng writer Zhang Gasng’s music stand ut.
A. whatB. thatC. hwD. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查表語從句。句意：民歌曲調(diào)和方言歌詞使張尕慫的音樂脫穎而出。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，且在從句中作主語，故用連接代詞what，表示“……的東西”。故選A項(xiàng)。
62. Zhang has recrded and learned music frm flk musicians he met while travelling, as ______ means t preserve endangered flk music styles.
A. theB. theseC. aD. thse
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：為了保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的民間音樂風(fēng)格，Zhang在旅行中遇到了一些民間音樂家，并向他們學(xué)習(xí)和錄制音樂。A. the用于特指；B. these這些；C. a一個(gè)，泛指；D. thse那些。根據(jù)后文 means t preserve endangered flk music styles可知為短語as a means t表示“作為一種手段/方法來……”。故選C。
63. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message ______ fr everyne.
A. is intendedB. having intendedC. which intendedD. intended
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：然而，在簡單風(fēng)格的背后，是一個(gè)面向所有人的嚴(yán)肅信息。be intended fr“打算為……所用”為固定短語，用作后置定語，把be去掉即可，如果用which引導(dǎo)定語從句，應(yīng)為which is intended fr everyne。故選D項(xiàng)。
64. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility ______ saving their envirnment.
A. frB. asC. inD. f
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：她警告社會面臨的環(huán)境危險(xiǎn)，并教導(dǎo)人們必須承擔(dān)起保護(hù)環(huán)境的責(zé)任。A. fr為了；B. as作為；C. in在……里；D. f屬于。固定搭配take respnsibility fr“為……負(fù)責(zé)”。故選A項(xiàng)。
五、U10單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
65. _____(interrupt) are ne f the wrst things t deal with while yu’re trying t get wrk dne. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】Interruptins
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)你試圖完成工作時(shí)，干擾是最糟糕的事情之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處缺少名詞作主語，根據(jù)are可知，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，interrupt對應(yīng)的名詞復(fù)數(shù)為interruptins，放在句首的單詞首字母大寫。故填：Interruptins。
66. S n behalf f the villagers’ benefit, the lcal gvernment has decided t call fr an end t the factries’ ______ (legal) behavirs. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】illegal
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：因此，為了村民的利益，當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定呼吁停止工廠的違法行為。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞illegal“違法的；不合法的”在句中作定語。故填illegal。
67. With a new teaching apprach ______ (adpt), the students are becming mre and mre interested in their study. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】adpted
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：隨著一種新的教學(xué)方法的采用，學(xué)生們對自己的學(xué)習(xí)越來越感興趣。分析句子可知，空處在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語補(bǔ)足語，adapt與賓語apprach構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞的形式。故填adpted。
68. Suffering severe backache, he was far frm ______ (impress) in his semi-final against Federer. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】impressive
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：由于嚴(yán)重的背部疼痛，他在半決賽對陣費(fèi)德勒的比賽中表現(xiàn)不佳。此處作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞impressive，far frm+adj.表示“遠(yuǎn)非……”。故填impressive。
69. Sme f the mst ______ (frequent) asked questins have prvked heated discussin amng the netizens. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】frequently
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：一些最常見的問題引起了網(wǎng)民的熱烈討論。分析句子可知，空處修飾動詞asked，結(jié)合“have prvked heated discussin”可知，應(yīng)用frequent的副詞形式frequently，意為“經(jīng)常地，頻繁地”，和空前的the mst構(gòu)成副詞最高級。故填frequently。
70. The study ______ (investigate) the impact f vilent TV prgramming n children ver the last tw years. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】has investigated##has been investigating
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在過去的兩年里，這項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了/一直在調(diào)查暴力電視節(jié)目對兒童的影響。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語，時(shí)間狀語為ver the last tw years“在過去的兩年里”，investigate“調(diào)查”的動作從過去開始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且有可能會繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，因此可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語The study為單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填has investigated或has been investigating。
71. Despite difficulties he still made a reslutin ______ (prceed) with envirnmental causes. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】t prceed
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管困難重重，他仍決心繼續(xù)從事環(huán)保事業(yè)。名詞reslutin后常跟動詞不定式作后置定語，表示“做某事的決心”，因此空處應(yīng)用prceed的不定式形式。故填t prceed。
72. He ______ (freeze) with terrr, ttally at a lss what he wuld d next. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】was frzen##frze
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他嚇得僵住了，完全不知道下一步該怎么辦。此處可用短語be frzen with表示“嚇呆了”或freeze作謂語，根據(jù)語境可知發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)，主語為He，謂語用單數(shù)。故填frze/was frzen。
73. ______ (appeal) t the referee des nt ften result in a decisin being changed. (所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】Appealing
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：向裁判申訴通常不會導(dǎo)致判罰被改變。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作句子主語，陳述一般性情況，應(yīng)用動名詞形式，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)ppealing。
74. Gvernment ______ (intervene) t regulate prices aims t lessen the destructive effects f ecnmic depressin. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】interventin
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：政府對價(jià)格的干預(yù)旨在減輕經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的破壞性影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處缺少的是句子的主語，應(yīng)用名詞interventin（不可數(shù)名詞）作主語。故填interventin。
六、U11單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
75. I am writing t make an aplgy fr any ______ (不便) caused by my children.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】incnvenience
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我寫這封信是為了給我的孩子們造成的任何不便表示歉意。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，incnvenience“不便”，不可數(shù)名詞，在句中作介詞fr的賓語，故填incnvenience。
76. She felt ______ (羞愧) f making a mess in the bathrm. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】ashamed
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她為把浴室弄得一團(tuán)糟而感到羞愧。根據(jù)句意及漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞ashamed“羞愧的”在句中作表語。故填ashamed。
77. I have n chice but t make ______ (投訴) abut the salesman’s rude behavir. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】cmplaints
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我別無選擇，只能對推銷員的粗魯行為提出投訴?？涨笆莿釉~，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，根據(jù)所給中文提示詞，應(yīng)是cmplaint意為“抱怨”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填cmplaints。
78. She made a New Year’s ______ (reslve) t study even harder in the cming year. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】reslutin
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她下了新年決心，來年要更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。分析句子可知，空處作made的賓語，reslve的名詞形式reslutin符合題意，意為“決心”，且空前有不定冠詞a，reslutin應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填reslutin。
79. His sudden ________(depart) threw the ffice int chas. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】departure
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的突然離去使得這個(gè)部門陷入一片混亂。根據(jù)句子含義，分析句子可知，該處應(yīng)填名詞，故填departure。
80. The public demanded that the trps ______ (撤離，退出) frm the regin. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】(shuld) withdraw##(shuld) be withdrawn
【解析】
【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：公眾要求軍隊(duì)撤出該地區(qū)。動詞demanded后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用shuld加動詞原形，shuld可省略。根據(jù)句意及漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填動詞withdraw，該動詞可作不及物動詞，“撤離，退出”的意思，故空處應(yīng)填(shuld) withdraw；withdraw也可作及物動詞，“使……撤離，使……退出”的意思，與句子主語the trps構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故空處應(yīng)填(shuld) be withdrawn。故填(shuld) withdraw或(shuld) be withdrawn。
81. The charity is busy d______ (分發(fā)，分配) fd t the earthquake victims. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】distributing##istributing
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：慈善機(jī)構(gòu)正忙于向地震災(zāi)民分發(fā)食物。根據(jù)句意及漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填動詞distribute“分發(fā)，分配”，be busy ding“忙于”為固定短語。故填distributing。
82. We can draw a ______ (cnclude) frm the statistics that hmelessness is n the increase. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】cnclusin
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論：無家可歸的人數(shù)正在增加?？仗幾髻e語，結(jié)合空前的a可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞單數(shù)形式，cnclusin“結(jié)論”，可數(shù)名詞，draw a cnclusin“得出結(jié)論”，故填draw a cnclusin。
83. There is n denying that wrking ut regularly is ______ (benefit) t us. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：不可否認(rèn)，定期鍛煉對我們有益。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞beneficial“有益的”在句中作表語。故填beneficial。
84. Frtunately, the kid made a full ______ (康復(fù)) after the peratin. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】recvery
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，手術(shù)后孩子完全康復(fù)了。根據(jù)不定冠詞a及漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞recvery“康復(fù)”在句中作賓語。故填recvery。
七、U12單句填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
85. He prpsed that a fund ______ (establish) t raise mney. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】shuld be established##be established
【解析】
【詳解】考查虛擬語氣和被動語態(tài)。句意：他提議成立一個(gè)基金會來籌集資金。動詞prpsed后的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用shuld d，shuld可省略，a fund和establish為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填(shuld) be established。
86. The ecnmy has shwn significant ______ (imprve) ver the past 9 mnths. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】imprvement
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：在過去9個(gè)月里，經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)顯示出顯著的改善。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作賓語，使用名詞，imprve為動詞，其名詞為imprvement，因該詞表示“改進(jìn)”含義的時(shí)候?yàn)椴豢蓴?shù)名詞。故填imprvement。
87. The number f turists t the resrt declined ______ 10% last year.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
【答案】by
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：去年，去度假勝地的游客數(shù)量下降了10%。根據(jù)語意可知，此處表示“下降了”，應(yīng)用固定搭配decline by。故填by。
88. I have a gd cmmand f English with a high level f ______ (accurate). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】accuracy
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我精通英語，而且準(zhǔn)確度很高?？仗帒?yīng)填名詞作介詞f的賓語，accuracy“準(zhǔn)確，精確”，不可數(shù)名詞，故填accuracy。
89. Tu Yuyu has devted her entire life t ______ (science) research int artemisinin. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：屠呦呦將她的一生都奉獻(xiàn)給了青蒿素的科學(xué)研究?？仗幮揎椕~“research”，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語，scientific“科學(xué)的”，形容詞，故填scientific。
90. ______ (instant) M Yan stepped nt the stage, the audience burst int thunderus applause. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】Instantly
【解析】
【詳解】考查連詞。句意：莫言一走上舞臺，全場就響起雷鳴般的掌聲。根據(jù)語意可知，空處應(yīng)填連詞Instantly“一……就”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，位于句首首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)nstantly。
91. On hearing the news, he ______ (vercme) with delight. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】was vercme
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：聽到這個(gè)消息，他高興極了。主語he與謂語動詞vercme構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，描述過去發(fā)生的事情用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，主語為he，謂語用單數(shù)。故填was vercme。
92. Children are advised t drink as much ______ (bil) water as pssible, which is favrable t their health. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】biled
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：建議孩子們盡可能多地喝白開水，這有利于他們的健康。分析句子可知，空處作修飾water的定語，為非謂語動詞，結(jié)合“Children are advised t drink”可知，此處指“白開水，煮沸過的水”，bil的行為已完成，應(yīng)用bil的過去分詞形式。故填biled。
93. Mzart, an internatinally recgnized musician, has a gift ______ cmpsitin. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
【答案】fr
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：莫扎特是一位國際公認(rèn)的音樂家，他有作曲的天賦。根據(jù)“has a gift”可推知，此處用固定短語have a gift fr表示“有……的天賦”。故填fr。
94. Tickets are ________ (availability) free f charge frm the schl. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】available
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：學(xué)校免費(fèi)提供門票。根據(jù)上文Tickets are 可知應(yīng)填形容詞available，作表語。故填available。

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