Back in Brisbane, Australia, fr the Christmas break, I fund myself in a public transprt dead zne. Bikeless, 7 kilmeters frm where I was meeting friends and unwilling t get a taxi, I decided t brrw an electric scter. The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike, mainly because f a majr spill halfway there. A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.
In the UK, they are legal (合法的) nly n private land, but the Department fr Transprt is discussing hw t cntrl them n public rads and pathways, with the pssibility fr legalizatin later this year. Other cities that have e-scter rental prgrams have had prblems in the early perid. In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements (人行道). France has put int frce laws limiting e-scter speeds t 25 kilmetres per hur.
Similar t dckless (無(wú)樁的) hire bicycles, e-scters are parked n pavements and peple leave them up trees r thrw them int rivers. Wild treatment shrtens their lifetime, which is bad fr bth prfitability (盈利) and the envirnment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scter’s lifetime is just three mnths.
I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the “l(fā)ast mile” prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal. Cars can take up 28 times the space f a persn riding a bicycle. As far as the envirnmental effect ges, recent research suggests that e-scters are nt as green as walking r cycling, but they are still better than cars. And thugh there are still many reprts f serius accidents, scting is abut as safe as cycling. Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micrmbility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scters culd share the rad. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite mre vulnerable (易受傷害的) traffic participants, such as children, t becme active transprt users. If mre e-scters mean fewer cars n rads, an imprvement in lcal air quality is als a likely result. When 20 kilmeters f rads in central Lndn clsed fr Wrld Car-Free Day last September, the air quality was greatly imprved accrding t the reprt.
1．What des the underlined part “a majr spill” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．A serius fall.B．A sudden illness.C．A legal reactin.D．A terrible breakdwn.
2．What d we knw abut e-scters in Paris?
A．They are illegal n pavements.B．They are already ut f fashin.
C．They are facing mre limits.D．They are mre cmmn n private land.
3．What is the writer’s pinin f e-scters?
A．They are nt as safe as cycling.B．They always cause the traffic jams.
C．They are as green as cycling r walking.D．They play a big rle in the “l(fā)ast mile” prblem.
4．What is Stephen Gssling’s suggestin?
A．T set up mre care-free days.B．T invite mre cyclists t use e-scters.
C．T get vulnerable pedestrians ff the rad.D．T separate cars frm e-scters n the rad.
02
With the rapid develpment f wireless technlgies, the Fifth Generatin (5G) mbile cmmunicatin system started t cme. Althugh the develpment f 5G netwrk technlgy in the internatinal cmmunity is still in the research stage, a number f freign cuntries and rganizatins are wrking n it. China started late in netwrk technlgies. In rder t catch with the times, China als needs t have its wn place in such a cmpetitive envirnment.
There are sme quick changes in China’s telecm space. With the 4G netwrk nw widely used, China is nw preparing t enter 5G age. China has started research and develpment n the 5G netwrk and plans t finish the netwrk testing by arund 2019.
It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy “Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment. Therefre, we can make sure that cmpanies can gain reasnable prfits (利潤(rùn)), and at the same time prvide faster, better, mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple.” Wu Ku, Directr f Dept. f Science &Tech., MIIT said.
Wu Hequan frm Chinese Academy f Engineering said, “5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called Internet f Things within ne square meter. In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽車), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities.” Wu Hequan believes China’s future Internet will be faster, mre intelligent and safer.
Chinese gvernment pays mre attentin t the develpment f 5G and in mre pen t it. With the shared effrt f the industry, China will play an increasing imprtant rle in the glbal 5G develpment.
5．The first paragraph mainly wants t tell us ________.
A．what 5G netwrk technlgy means
B．the reasn why we need 5G netwrk technlgy
C．the fact that China started late in 5G netwrk technlgy
D．the fact that 5G netwrk technlgy is gd
6．The underlined wrld “identical” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．sameB．fastC．practicalD．mdern
7．In Wu Ku’s pinin, ________ shuld be used glbally with the 5G technlgy.
A．the netwrk testingB．cheaper services
C．just ne standardD．unmanned vehicles
8．Wu Hequan thinks 5G netwrk technlgy is full f ________.
A．cmpetitinsB．pssibilitiesC．prfitsD．difficulties
9．After reading the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．China will use 5G netwrk technlgy in transprt
B．China has already entered the 5G age cmpletely
C．Chinese gvernment didn’t pay attentin t the develpment f 5G befre
D．China is N.1 in 5G netwrk technlgy
03
As peple all ver the wrld struggled with higher levels f stress, depressin and anxiety this past year, many turned t their favrite cmfrt fds: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat fds when we are stressed r depressed, as cmfrting as they may seem, are the least likely t be gd fr ur mental (精神上的) health. Instead, whle fds such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical (身體上的) health, rather than ur mental health, thugh. Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup. Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin (發(fā)炎) and have advantages fr the brain. Individual clinicians (臨床醫(yī)師) are already including nutritin int their wrk with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.
Dr. Ramsey said he didn’t want peple t think that the nly factr invlved in brain health is fd. “Lts f peple get their fd exactly right, live very active lives, and still have many trubles with their mental health,” he said. But he als teaches peple that fd can be empwering. “We can’t cntrl ur genes,” he said. “But we can cntrl hw we eat, and that gives peple actinable things that they can d t take care f their brain health n a daily basis.”
10．What d previus (以前的) nutritin studies mainly pay attentin t?
A．Hw ur diets influence ur mental health. B．Hw ur diets influence ur physical health.
C．Hw ur mental health influences ur diets. D．Hw ur physical health influences ur diets.
11．Why are individual clinicians including nutritin int their wrk with patients?
A．They try t satisfy their patients’ needs.
B．They are questining public health prfessrs.
C．They want t prve the value f healthy diets.
D．They have accepted the findings f large ppulatin studies.
12．Which f the fllwing might Dr. Ramsey agree with?
A．Sme cnnectin lives between ur diets and mental health.
B．Peple can cntrl their genes as well as hw they eat.
C．Peple living active lives will nt have mental prblems.
D．Eating a healthy diet is ging t cure depressin.
04
Schlchildren spend mst f their time surrunded by their peers (同齡人). They spend a lt mre time with classmates, teammates and fellw club members than with adults in their lives. Peer pressure can have a huge influence n the lives f children in grades tw thrugh twelve.
Frm birth thrugh age six, the family shapes a child’s sense f identity (個(gè)性). Parents and brthers and sisters affect a child’s likes, dislikes, tastes in clthing, fd and music and, perhaps mst imprtantly, values. Once children enter schl, they frm cnnectins t the larger grup f their peers. This grup brings new ideas and experiences. Peer pressure happens when a student’s actins are influenced by this grup. The “pressure” happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.
Peer pressure leads t sme disturbing negative behavir in schlchildren. In the USA, abut 75% f high schl students have tried alchl (酒) ffered by their friends in middle r high schl. Accrding t a survey, students felt pressured by their peers between 35 and 49% f the time. The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire (渴望) t fit int a grup.
Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team. In a survey n peer pressure, 51% f teenagers felt that peer pressure was smetimes psitive. One teenager respnded, “Smetimes it can help yu gain cnfidence.” Other examples f psitive peer pressure include students encuraging a classmate t run fr schl president, r friends suggesting that a talented peer try ut fr a talent shw.
13．What leads t schlchildren’s peer pressure?
A．The identity shaped by their family.B．The cnnectins with their classmates.
C．The childhd experiences with their friends.D．The differences in their behavir and values.
14．Why d sme schlchildren behave negatively under peer pressure?
A．T kill their bring time.B．T fit int a peer grup.
C．T help gain cnfidence.D．T imprve scial skills.
15．What des the authr think f peer pressure?
A．Peer pressure des mre harm than gd.
B．Peer pressure is very gd fr schlchildren’s grwth.
C．Peer pressure is nt necessarily bad fr schl children.
D．Peer pressure plays an imprtant rle in shaping a child’s values.
05
16．Peple usually use ________ fr ding traditinal Chinese painting.
①brushes ②ink ③clur pencils ④paper ⑤silk
A．①②③④B．②③④⑤C．①②③⑤D．①②④⑤
17．The underlined wrd “cntains” means “________”.
A．likesB．cntrlsC．preventsD．includes
18．The passage is abut ________.
A．Chinese musicB．Chinese paintingC．Chinese cultureD．Chinese histry
06
There is a Chinese saying which means smething like this: Yur mther always asks yu t wear warm clthes even when it’s nt cld. This jkingly reflects the ver-cncern f yur mther. Anyhw, Mther’s Day is arund the crner. Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.
Every cuntry has a hliday t hnr mthers, mtherhd, and their influence n sciety. The mst cmmn day fr this celebratin is the secnd Sunday in May. The idea t have a hliday just fr celebrating mthers cmes frm many surces. Lng ag, there were ancient events that included hnring wmen and mthers. Hwever, it was the influence f wmen in the US that really set the stage fr this hliday. The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. Her campaign t make “Mther’s Day” a recgnized hliday in the United States began in 1905, Ann Reeves Jarvis, died. Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues. Anna was the first t fight fr Mther’s Day becming an fficial hliday. She finally succeeded in 1914.
Celebrating Mther’s Day is just as varied as the date when it is held. In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. Carnatins（康乃馨）are a very ppular Mther’s Day gift and the mst sld flwers. Mther’s Day in Canada typically invlves small celebratins and gift-giving t ne’s mther, r ther imprtant female figures in ne’s family. In Bangiadesh, the whle cuntry centers arund mthers. Specially themed TV shws, and gatherings are rganized. In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals. Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.
Dn’t frget t express yur thanks t yur mm n this Mther’s Day!
19．When was Mther’s day first celebrated in mdern America?
A．In 1914.B．In 1905.C．In 1908.D．In 1909.
20．What was Anna Reeves Jarvis like?
A．generus and successful.B．serius and patient.
C．clever and caring.D．peace-lving and warm-hearted.
21．What des the underlined wrd “varied” mean in the third paragraph?
A．sameB．differentC．ppularD．imprtant
22．What can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Peple didn’t hld events t hnr mthers in the past.
B．Sme mthers were presented medals in the ld France.
C．Anna celebrated the first Mther’s Day with her mm.
D．The whle cuntry celebrates Mther’s Day in China.
23．Where can this passage be taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．A magazine.C．A website.D．A letter
07
The elderly residents(居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity(慈善組織) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s well-being. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said, “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl.”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said, “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said, “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
24．What is the purpse f the prject?
A．T ensure harmny in care hmes.B．T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C．T raise mney fr medical research.D．T give the elderly a sense f success.
25．What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A．Imprve.B．Oppse.C．Begin.D．Review.
26．What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．It is well received.B．It needs t be mre creative.
C．It is highly prfitable.D．It takes ages t see the results.
08
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula（芝麻菜）was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away—frm “ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time—but fr him, it’s mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D．C．, which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished（有瑕疵的）prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
27．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A．We pay little attentin t fd waste.B．We waste fd carelessly at times.
C．We waste mre vegetables than meat.D．We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
28．What is a result f fd waste accrding t the text?
A．Mral decline.B．Envirnmental harm.C．Energy shrtage.D．Wrldwide hunger.
29．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A．Buy nly what is needed.B．Reduce fd prduct.
C．G shpping nce a week.D．Eat in restaurants less ften.
09
D yu knw hw t get n well with peple? D yu ever feel shy? What situatin makes yu feel shy? D yu smetimes feel that yu dn’t knw hw t interest peple and have cnversatins with them? D peple find an excuse t leave yu as sn as they can?
Try listening! Here is an example f mine.
One evening last week, I was sitting with Hannah, and she said t me, “Yu are a great mm!” And I said, “Why d yu say that suddenly?” She said, “Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.”
Here is sme advice abut listening:
※ Shw the ther persn that yu are listening.
※ Lk at them.
※ Smile and nd quite ften.
※ Shake yur head r raise yur eyebrws if yu dn’t fllw what they are saying.
※ Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience.
※ Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time. If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre.
A gd listener has magic! A gd listener can make peple feel gd, and is as imprtant as a gd talker at a party. But just listening is nt enugh. One shuld listen smartly by trying t find ut what the ther persn wuld really like t cmmunicate.
30．Hannah thught her mther was great because ________.
A．her mther always listened t herB．her mther was busy
C．her mther gt n well with thersD．her mther was sitting with her
31．When yu are listening t thers, yu shuldn’t ________.
A．lk at yur watch all the timeB．lk at their eyes
C．smile and ndD．shw yur attitude
32．If yu tap yur ft when listening t thers, maybe yu’ll ________.
A．be a gd listenerB．lse their friendship
C．a(chǎn)gree with themD．be a gd friend
33．What shuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Hw t make friends.B．Hw t talk t peple.
C．Hw t be a gd listener.D．Hw t knw a persn.
10
Glbalizatin means that peple, ideas, technlgy, mney, services and many ther things are mving between cuntries and changing the way peple think and act.
Nt everyne thinks the same way abut glbalizatin. Sme peple think it is bad, and sme peple think it is gd. Sme believe that glbalizatin helps rich peple get richer and makes pr peple prer. These peple say that glbalizatin helps big cmpanies like Cca-Cla and McDnald’s destry (破壞) lcal businesses. Hwever, the peple wh think glbalizatin is a gd thing argue that glbalizatin helps prer peple t becme richer. They als think that it desn’t destry lcal cultures. These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic (經(jīng)濟(jì)的) cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.
Whether yu think glbalizatin is gd r bad, it affects the wrld in tw areas: jbs and cultures.
Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld. Fr sme wrkers, such as engineers, lawyers and bankers, glbalizatin has been a gd develpment. These wrkers are able t successfully cmpete glbally and have seen an increase in their pay. But fr thse wh wrk in factries r in the service industry at htels, shps and restaurants, it has nt been gd. Wrkers frm prer cuntries are trying t get these types f jbs. They will d the same jb fr less mney. This lwers the pay fr that jb, s peple get paid less t d it.
Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld. We can als see an increase in the use f Chinese characters (漢字) in tatts (文身). Sme peple get these tatts but they dn’t really knw what the characters mean. Glbalizatin als influences the film industry. Mst peple have seen American mvies. But because f glbalizatin, Krean, Indian and Japanese mvies have becme mre wrldwide.
N ne knws the future f glbalizatin. Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.
34．Why d sme peple think glbalizatin is gd?
A．Because they think glbalizatin may change lcal cultures.
B．Because they think glbalizatin may help lcal business develp.
C．Because they think glbalizatin may make rich peple becme richer.
D．Because they think glbalizatin may help stp wars amng cuntries.
35．Which is true accrding t Paragraph 4?
A．Engineers will get a lw pay.
B．Peple can get favurite jbs mre easily.
C．Glbalizatin greatly influences peple’s jbs.
D．Wrkers frm rich cuntries get paid less.
36．Which is the advantage f glbalizatin?
A．It helps peple in the wrld knw Chinese characters very well.
B．It makes peple in the wrld g t different cuntries fr mvies easier.
C．Peple in the wrld will wn the same culture in the end.
D．Peple in the wrld can enjy fds frm different cuntries.
37．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Glbalizatin is sure t d gd t peple.
B．Glbalizatin will be limited in the future.
C．Glbalizatin may change peple’s lives in the future.
D．Glbalizatin will be lved all ver the wrld.Chinese painting is ne f the ldest art frms in the wrld. Painting in the traditinal style is knwn tday in Chinese as Guhua.
Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped（浸）in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. The finished wrk can be put n scrlls（軸）. Traditinal Chinese painting includes landscape（山水）painting, figures（人物）, bird and flwers. Landscape painting is regarded as the highest frm f Chinese painting.
Chinese flk music is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. It has a lng histry. One f the Cnfucianist Classics（儒家經(jīng)典）, Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs. They are much lved by peple up t nw.
Traditinal Chinese musical instruments are symbls f Chinese culture, such as the guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xia and chime（編鐘）. The sheng and suna are als ppular in nrthern villages in China. XI’an drum music is large traditinal drum music. It is a valuable part f Chinese ancient music, and is regarded as the “l(fā)iving fssil（化石）f Chinese ancient music” in the wrld.
參考答案
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一些城市出現(xiàn)電動(dòng)踏板車后出現(xiàn)的一些問(wèn)題。但作者認(rèn)為電動(dòng)摩托車是城市交通綠化的重要組成部分。很多的電動(dòng)滑板車意味著道路上汽車的減少，那么當(dāng)?shù)氐目諝赓|(zhì)量可能也會(huì)改善。
1．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike”可知作者花費(fèi)了比騎自行車更久的時(shí)間，再由“A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.”可知電動(dòng)車在路上撞到了石頭上，作者摔了一跤，a majr spill意為“摔了一跤”。故選A。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements.”可知在巴黎電動(dòng)踏板車受到了諸多限制。故選C。
3．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the ‘last mile’ prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal.”可知作者認(rèn)為電動(dòng)踏板車在“最后一英里”問(wèn)題中發(fā)揮重要作用。故選D。
4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free ‘micrmbility’ streets, where cyclists, pedestrians and e-scters culd share the rad.”可知Stephen Gssling建議在路上把汽車和電動(dòng)踏板車分開。故選D。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了中國(guó)開發(fā)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的事情。
5．段落大意題。通讀第一段可知，第一段主要告訴我們中國(guó)需要5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的原因。故選B。
6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy”及“Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment”可知，預(yù)計(jì)5G技術(shù)在全球范圍內(nèi)只會(huì)使用一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在相同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下，不同的公司可以連接起來(lái)，形成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境。所以劃線單詞與same同義。故選A。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally…mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple”可推知，吳庫(kù)認(rèn)為5G技術(shù)應(yīng)該在全球使用一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C。
8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)他所說(shuō)的話“5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called…”可知，他認(rèn)為5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)充滿了可能性。故選B。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽車), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities”可知，中國(guó)在交通領(lǐng)域?qū)⑹褂?G網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)。故選A。
10．B 11．D 12．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述最近幾年的研究表明，飲食和心里健康之間存在某種聯(lián)系，控制飲食方式可能有益于人們的心理健康。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical health, rather than ur mental health, thugh.”可知，以前的營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究主要關(guān)注我們的飲食如何影響我們的身體健康。故選B。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup.”可知多年來(lái)，大規(guī)模人群研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與對(duì)照組相比，被要求遵循地中海飲食三個(gè)月的人在三個(gè)月后抑郁癥狀的減輕程度更大。再由“Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin and have advantages fr the brain.”可知世界各地的公共衛(wèi)生教授已經(jīng)開始鼓勵(lì)人們采取和使用生活方式，如鍛煉、健康睡眠、心臟健康飲食和避免吸煙，這些行為可能會(huì)減少炎癥，對(duì)大腦有好處。由此推出臨床醫(yī)生個(gè)人要將營(yíng)養(yǎng)納入他們與患者的工作中是因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)接受了大規(guī)模人口研究的結(jié)果。故選D。
12．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.”可知Drew Ramsey認(rèn)為我們的飲食和心理健康之間存在某種聯(lián)系。故選A。
13．D 14．B 15．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了同伴壓力對(duì)學(xué)生的極大影響。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The ‘pressure’ happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.”可知行為和價(jià)值觀不同會(huì)導(dǎo)致學(xué)生的同伴壓力。故選D。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire t fit int a grup.”可知渴望融入一個(gè)群體會(huì)讓學(xué)生出現(xiàn)一些令人不安的負(fù)面行為。故選B。
15．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team.”可知作者認(rèn)為同伴壓力對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)不一定是壞事。故選C。
16．D 17．D 18．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)畫和中國(guó)的民謠。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. ”可知傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)畫需要用到毛筆、墨水、紙和絲綢。故選D。
17．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs”可知，詩(shī)經(jīng)里面包含了很多民謠，所以此處應(yīng)該是include“包含”。故選D。
18．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主旨可知，本文主要講了中國(guó)畫和民謠，都屬于中國(guó)文化。故選C。
19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是作者在他的博客上與大家分享母親節(jié)的起源的一篇文章。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. ”可知，現(xiàn)代美國(guó)的母親節(jié)最初是在1908年慶祝的。故選C。
20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues.”可知，Anna母親Ann Reeves Jarvis去世的那一年，曾照顧內(nèi)戰(zhàn)雙方受傷的士兵?？赏茰y(cè)她是愛(ài)好和平的、熱心的。故選D。
21．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. ... Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.”可知，此處介紹的是慶祝母親節(jié)和舉行母親節(jié)的日期一樣多種多樣。故選B。
22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals.”可知，在過(guò)去的法國(guó)，大家庭的母親被授予勛章。故選B。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.”可知，這篇文章出自網(wǎng)站上的博客。故選C。
24．D 25．C 26．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了倫敦的一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)提出的養(yǎng)老活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目——讓老年人照看母雞，目的是讓老年人不感到孤獨(dú)。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”可知，80歲的Ruth Xavier很享受這些創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)，在做了一些有用的事情之后感覺(jué)很棒，也就是獲得了成功的感覺(jué)，所以這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是為了給老年人一種成功的感覺(jué)。故選D。
25．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”可知，居民們真的很歡迎這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，我們期待著這個(gè)項(xiàng)目能給這里的人們帶來(lái)的好處和樂(lè)趣，由此可推知，Wendy Wilsn是最初實(shí)施這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的人之一，所以embark n意為“開始”。故選C。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins.”和“We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”可知，居民很喜歡這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，Lynn Lewis認(rèn)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可以通過(guò)共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)將大家聯(lián)系在一起，這些都是對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的肯定評(píng)價(jià)，說(shuō)明這個(gè)項(xiàng)目很受歡迎。故選A。
27．B 28．B 29．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械氖澄锢速M(fèi)現(xiàn)象以及華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席執(zhí)行官科廷為解決食物浪費(fèi)而采取的努力。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste.(像我們大多數(shù)人一樣，我努力關(guān)注那些被浪費(fèi)的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.(但隨著時(shí)間的推移，芝麻菜變壞了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地買了太多東西；我扔掉的東西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通過(guò)講述芝麻菜的故事來(lái)表明我們有時(shí)會(huì)無(wú)意間浪費(fèi)食物。故選B。
28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem”可知，浪費(fèi)食物的一個(gè)后果是對(duì)環(huán)境的危害。故選B。
29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,”可知，科廷建議人們只買需要的東西來(lái)避免浪費(fèi)食物。故選A。
30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了如何做一個(gè)好的傾聽者，并給出了一些建議。
30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ ‘Why d yu say that suddenly?’ She said, ‘Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.’ ”可知，因?yàn)樗龐寢尶偸邱雎犓f(shuō)的話，故選A。
31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time”可知，當(dāng)你正在聽別人說(shuō)話時(shí)不要一直看手表，故選A。
32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience”及“If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre”可知，用腳打拍子表示出你沒(méi)有耐心，這樣會(huì)失去友誼，故選B。
33．標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了和別人相處的一種方法，嘗試去認(rèn)真聽別人說(shuō)話，所以最適合本文的標(biāo)題是“如何成為一個(gè)好的傾聽者”，故選C。
34．D 35．C 36．D 37．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了全球化這一熱點(diǎn)社會(huì)話題。它改變了人們的思維方式和行為方式。在就業(yè)和文化兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。全球化將對(duì)人們未來(lái)的生活產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越大的影響。
34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.”可知，這些人認(rèn)為全球化有助于防止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。這是因?yàn)閲?guó)家之間可以保持良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體。故選D。
35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld.”可知，全球化對(duì)世界各地的工作都產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。故選C。
36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld.”可知，文化也受到全球化的影響。包括飲食文化，你可以享受到來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的食物。故選D。
37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.”可知，全球化將對(duì)人們未來(lái)的生活產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越大的影響。故選C。

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專題05 閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文（原卷版）2023年中考英語(yǔ)一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編
專題05 閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文（解析版）2023年中考英語(yǔ)一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編

專題05 閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文（解析版）2023年中考英語(yǔ)一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編
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