本試卷共8頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分、知識運用 (共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)： 完形填空 (共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
I still remember the day when I came hme frm wrk at tw ’clck ne afternn. Imagine my ___1___ when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Jann laughing in the huse since it was the right time fr class. They finally ___2___ that they came hme fr lunch and never returned t schl. But they said they had frgtten t lk at the clck.
I tld Jann t g hme because I needed t speak t Megan ___3___. When Jann left, I ___4___myself and managed t ask Megan very quietly, “Yu frgt t lk at the clck?” Megan lwered her head and said, “Well, we were just experimenting t see what it wuld feel like nt t g back t schl.” Fr the mment I was getting angry. I cnsidered ___5___ her, but instead I said, “I’m very upset by all this. When yu’re suppsed t be in schl, that’s ___6___ I expect yu t be. Nw I’m prbably ging t get a phne call frm yur teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence nte, say I was sick and then yu wn’t get a call.” I said, “Megan，the nte has t cme frm yu and it has t be the ___7___.”
Well, she wasn’t very ___8___ abut that, but she did write a nte saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wuldn’t d it again.
Althugh the teacher gave her a ___9___ time ver the nte, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up t what she did and take ____10____.
1.
A. jyB. shckC. reliefD. shame
2.
A. believedB. realizedC. admittedD. predicted
3.
A. privatelyB. carefullyC. equallyD. nrmally
4.
A. encuragedB. blamedC. warnedD. cntrlled
5.
A. cmfrtingB. punishingC. changingD. annying
6.
A. whenB. whyC. whereD. hw
7.
A. truthB. planC. adviceD. wish
8.
A. surprisedB. wrriedC. scaredD. pleased
9.
A. hardB. luckyC. bringD. free
10.
A. pprtunitiesB. respnsibilitiesC. suggestinsD. advantages
第二節(jié)： 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面3段短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A
語法填空
I was nt a willing student. Befre Mr Jenkins taught me, science ___11___ (be) a subject full f strange wrds t me. I had n idea what hydrgen was, and I didn’t really want t knw, either! I fund it all s bring and difficult, ___12___ Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used t explain things which seemed difficult with lts f practical ___13___(example) and in simple language. One day, he tk us utside, and we built a rcket!
B
語法填空
____14____ (lcate) in the nrtheast f the Tibetan Highland, Qinghai Lake is usually N. 1 n “Mst Beautiful Lakes in China” list. It has very different scenery in different seasns. In spring, the surrunding muntains and wetlands take n a fresh green lk with ___15___(clur) flwers and white snw. In summer and autumn, the lake ___16___ (decrate) with glden clthing, as thusands f hectares (公頃) f rape flwers spread ut frm Qinghai Lake’s shres. In winter, snw and ice cver the surface f the lake, and the lake becmes quiet.
C
語法填空
Can a sixth extinctin be avided? Experts say that it is nt yet t late if we take actin nw. This wuld mean we have t change the way we live, change hw we wrk and travel by using ___17___ (clean), mre natural surces f energy. We als need t imprve ur farming methds ___18___ (reduce) water, air and land pllutin. ___19___ shrt, if we want t survive, we need t stp destrying the planet n ___20___ we live and start t prtect it.
第二部分、 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié) （共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Are yu passinate abut Academic Essay Writing? D yu want t share yur knwledge f Academic Essay Writing with thers? Then cme jin us as an nline Academic Essay Writing teacher and help students wh are eager t learn.
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It’s yu wh decide hw much yu get paid. Yu set yur wn rates fr yur lessns. If yur rates are attractive t students, yu’ll get lessns. It’s all in yur hands.
All lessns are taught nline and are easily accessible t everyne. We’re in the digital age nw!
Yu have cmplete cntrl f when and hw much yu teach. Yu cntrl yur schedule, availability, and hw many students yu teach.
Yu keep the majrity f yur earnings! Cmpared t ther platfrms, Lessnpal teachers keep mre f their %!
Jb respnsibilities
Deliver nline Academic Essay Writing lessns t students f all ages (yu chse what age grups yu want t wrk with).
Respnd t questins and messages frm current and ptential students.
Wrk with yur students t schedule lessns efficiently.
Actively cmmunicate with Lessnpal supprt abut any questins.
Jb requirements
Knwledge f Academic Essay Writing
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Stable internet cnnectin
Prficiency (熟練) in using nline meeting platfrms
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21. What is available fr the applicants?
A Deciding the class size.
B. Keeping all the earnings.
C. Getting prmted at wrk.
D. Receiving high-quality training.
22. The applicants are required t _________.
A. fllw Lessnpal’s teaching schedule
B. be gd at rganizing meetings
C. deliver nline writing lessns
D. have teaching experience
23. Where is the passage prbably frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A website.
C. A strybk.D. A brchure.
B
Running with Heart
My name was missing frm the list. All my friends had made the cheer-leading team. But smehw my name was nt there. I felt lst and embarrassed. Knwing that next year wuld bring a new rund f try-uts, I began practicing rutines n my wn, hping t becme a cheerleader the next year. But my dad suggested that I get invlved in running track — just t try it ut fr a year. I had always been the fastest kid t run a mile in gym class, s I figured that I might as well sign up fr running fr just ne seasn.
I had n idea what I was getting myself int. In the first race n the track team, I tk the last place. Race after race, I cntinued t place last and I felt my lungs burning frm the effrt. I wanted t quit, feeling like a failure. But my dad reminded me that nce yu are cmmitted t smething, yu shuld always fllw thrugh. S I finished my first track seasn, placing last in every race.
The next year came. Althugh running was nt a ppular activity, like cheer-leading was at ur schl, I signed up again t run the lng-distance races. I wanted t challenge myself. Within ne year, I became the fastest female crss-cuntry runner n ur schl’s team. A few years later, I placed 3rd in the Ohi State meet. Nt nly that, but I was ffered an athletic schlarship fr cllege.
Classmates may have laughed at me fr chsing running ver cheer-leading, but I didn’t care. I wasn’t running track t be cl r t prve anything t anyne else. Running made me prud f wh I was. When I chse t be a runner, I chse t be true t myself. We all make that chice every day — we can be wh we were brn t be r we can simply fllw the crwd. Fr me, I am happiest t me.
24. After failing t make the cheer-leading team, the authr ________.
A. wanted t quit
B. blamed her father
C. turned t her friends
D. cntinued t practice
25. The authr managed t finish her first track seasn mainly because she ________.
A. wanted t prve herself
B. was inspired by her father
C. gt an athletic schlarship
D. perfrmed well in the races
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A. Cnfident and hnest.
B. Creative and ambitius.
C. Generus and cmmitted.
D. Hardwrking and determined.
27. In the passage the authr mainly wants t shw that we shuld ________.
A. fllw thers’ pinins
B. try ut fr ppular activities
C. appreciate wh we really are
D. help thse wh are in truble
C
We ften take sleep fr granted, but nt getting enugh shut-eye can increase ur risk fr many serius health issues such as pr mental health, heart prblems r even early death.
The ideal bedrm temperature fr peple t fall asleep is relatively cld — between 17 t 20℃. A drp in ur cre bdy temperature is essential fr us falling and staying asleep because it stimulates sleepiness.
Obradvich and his clleagues fund unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect n peple’s bedtime duratin by delaying falling asleep. Shrt sleep duratins were the wrst during the summertime and amng the elderly, prbably because they have mre difficulty regulating their bdy temperature. The team als fund warmer lcatins experienced the mst sleep lss, suggesting peple’s bdies haven’t adapted t their gegraphic lcatin. Lwer incme cuntries are als heavily affected, which Obradvich suppses culd be because f a lack f air-cnditining. But he plans t investigate further. Data shw glbal warming als will have the biggest sleep lss in the Middle East, sutheast Asia and Australia. By the end f the 21st century, peple in the warmest regins are expected t lse anther three nights f sleep per year due t higher nighttime temperatures.
Obradvich said his team’s findings culd help cmmunities r plicymakers better imprve the sleep envirnment fr peple, such as helping t cl bedrms mre effectively. On an individual level, Rbbins, a physician at Harvard Medical Schl, said peple als need t practice generally gd sleep behavir. Fr instance, reducing screen time 15 t 20 minutes befre falling asleep as the blue lights frm cellphnes r cmputers can wrk like the sun and thrw ff ur bdy clck. She suggested meditatin (冥想) befre bed can significantly help peple relax, making it easier fr peple t fall asleep.
“There’s still belief that ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’ kind f attitude twards sleep,” Rbbins said. “There’s s much wrk t be dne t imprve ur cllective view f sleep.”
28. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Temperature affects sleep duratin.
B. Glbal warming imprves sleep quality.
C. Sleep lss leads t serius health prblems.
D. Sleep quality influences attitude twards life.
29. Frm Paragraph 3, we can knw that __________.
A. thse in the warmer regins can well adapt t the temperature
B. the elderly suffer frm sleep lss due t their sickness
C. it is harder t fall asleep in warmer temperature
D. unusual warmth cntributes t earlier wake-up
30. What des Rbbins intend t tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld pay mre attentin t sleep.
B. Peple have different attitudes twards sleep.
C. Scientists will slve the prblem f sleep lss.
D. Scientists shuld help t imprve humans’ sleep quality.
D
It’s lgical fr humans t feel anxius abut artificial intelligence. After all, the news is cnstantly listing jb after jb where the technlgy seems t utperfrm us. But humans aren’t yet headed fr all-ut replacement. And if yu d suffer frm s-called AI anxiety, there are ways t alleviate yur fears and even change them int a mtivating frce fr gd. Here’s hw sme psychlgists and ther experts suggest handling ur AI fears.
First ff cntext is key, says Sanae Okamt, a psychlgist and behaviral scientist in the Netherlands. She suggests keeping in mind that the present mment is far frm the first time peple have feared the rise f an unfamiliar technlgy. “Cmputer anxiety” dates back decades, Okamt ntes. Befre that, there was wrry ver industrial autmatin. Past technlgical advances have led t big scial and ecnmic shifts. Sme fears became reality, and sme jbs did disappear, but many f the wrst science fictin predictins did nt cme true.
Facing fears f AI by actually trying ut the tls, seeing where and hw they can be useful, reading up n hw they wrk and understanding their limitatins can turn the tech frm a mnster int a ptential helper, says Jerri Lynn Hgg, a media psychlgist. A deeper understanding can empwer smene t advcate fr meaningful jb prtectins r plicies that hld back ptential prblems.
Mary Alvrd, a practicing psychlgist, als stresses the imprtance f addressing the prblem directly. “We talk abut what actins yu can take instead f sticking yur head in the sand,” she says. Maybe that means gaining new skills t prepare fr a career change r learning abut nging effrts t cntrl AI. Or maybe it means building a unin with clleagues at wrk, which is imprtant t help peple feel mre secure and hpeful abut the future.
Perhaps the better respnse is t use ur AI anxiety t push us frward. Mastering a craft—be it drawing, writing, prgramming r translating — and using that skill t create smething new is “the mst rewarding thing that we can pssibly d.” says Sean Kelly, a Harvard University philsphy prfessr. S why nt let AI mtivate mre creatin instead f replacing it? If the technlgy prduces smething interesting, we can build n it. And if it desn’t, then why wrry abut it at all?
31. What des the wrd “alleviate” underlined in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Analyze.B. Relieve.C. Understand.D. Frget.
32. The authr mentins “cmputer anxiety” in Paragraph 2 t ________.
A. make a cmparisnB. intrduce a tpic
C. evaluate a statementD. give an example
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. AI fears will hld back the technlgical advance.
B. Plicy makers may cntrl the develpment f AI.
C. AI will lead t severe cmpetitin amng clleagues.
D. Humans may becme mre creative when mtivated by AI.
34. Regarding Sean Kelly’s pinin, the authr is ________.
A. uncncernedB. puzzledC. supprtiveD. dubtful
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Scial media des have its shrtcmings, and ne f thse is that it can ften seem like everybdy is living and winning big — except yu.
_______35_______ But the reality is that these peple g thrugh struggles just like everybdy else. Nbdy’s life is perfect all the time. We all g thrugh life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect mments d exist, but they exist amngst the real-life terrible mments._______36_______
Smene culd have +1000 likes n their pictures r a millin views n their vides and still be unhappy. _______37_______ There are peple with nly 10 likes but having plenty f friends, and peple with +1000 likes that are lnely, depressed, in fed up relatinships and have n real friends.
There are cuples that appear happy n scial media but behind thse phts they suffer a lt in relatinships. _______38_______ Things aren’t always what they appear t be.
Yu dn’t knw what sme peple g thrugh t cme ut with the fantastic pictures yu envy. The real key players mstly perate behind the scenes but make the mst happen. They may lk like nbdy but they are building their kingdms while thers are getting high n likes and attentin. Success is nt what is presented n scial media. _______39_______
Be yurself and never give up n yurself. Dn’t cmpare yurself t thers. The real champins f scial media are thse wh add value t thers, nt the nes wh shw their lifestyle t impress thers.
A. Thse nes dn’t get dcumented.
B. Sme even think it’s a cmplete shw-ff.
C. Being ppular n scial media is nt everything.
D. Self-wrth is determined by the number f likes ne gets.
E. There are cuples wh pst nthing but are in lving relatinship.
F. It takes tears, sleepless nights, and lads f failure t make it in life.
G. Yu are always flded with strangers’ images that shw the life yu lng fr.
第三部分、 書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)： 閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分， 共12分）。
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容及題目要求回答問題。
A new study fund that light pllutin is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky abut 10 percent brighter each year.
The result was a much faster rate f change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example t explain the result. If a child is brn where 250 stars can be seen n a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, nly 100 stars will be seen.
The researchers said they had hped t see imprvements in light pllutin in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting t be mre energy-efficient. Twns and cities are replacing lder streetlights with mdern LEDS that are mre carefully directed dwnwards, where the light is useful.
The hpe was that if the light was better directed, the situatin wuld get better. But there are many types f lighting — streetlights, decrative, advertising. S, with all these things cmbined — and pssibly mre lighting verall, we are making sky brightness wrse. The relatively lw cst f LED lighting is als cntributing t the prblem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher sciety’s addictin t light.
Cnsequently, light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, a surce f inspiratin fr art, science, literature. It als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life. Migratry sngbirds nrmally use starlight t psitin where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light t psitin tward the cean — light pllutin is a huge deal fr them.
40. What causes light pllutin?
___________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the negative effects f light pllutin?
___________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.
___________________________________________________________________________
43. Besides light pllutin, what d yu think is the mst serius pllutin in life? And explain its effects. (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________
第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（20分）
44. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。你校英國交換生Jim寫郵件請你推薦一個你們學(xué)校的特色活動。請你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 介紹活動；
2. 推薦理由；
3. 邀請參加。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
2024北京昌平高二（上）期末
英語
本試卷共8頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分、知識運用 (共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)： 完形填空 (共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
I still remember the day when I came hme frm wrk at tw ’clck ne afternn. Imagine my ___1___ when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Jann laughing in the huse since it was the right time fr class. They finally ___2___ that they came hme fr lunch and never returned t schl. But they said they had frgtten t lk at the clck.
I tld Jann t g hme because I needed t speak t Megan ___3___. When Jann left, I ___4___myself and managed t ask Megan very quietly, “Yu frgt t lk at the clck?” Megan lwered her head and said, “Well, we were just experimenting t see what it wuld feel like nt t g back t schl.” Fr the mment I was getting angry. I cnsidered ___5___ her, but instead I said, “I’m very upset by all this. When yu’re suppsed t be in schl, that’s ___6___ I expect yu t be. Nw I’m prbably ging t get a phne call frm yur teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence nte, say I was sick and then yu wn’t get a call.” I said, “Megan，the nte has t cme frm yu and it has t be the ___7___.”
Well, she wasn’t very ___8___ abut that, but she did write a nte saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wuldn’t d it again.
Althugh the teacher gave her a ___9___ time ver the nte, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up t what she did and take ____10____.
1.
A. jyB. shckC. reliefD. shame
2.
A. believedB. realizedC. admittedD. predicted
3.
A. privatelyB. carefullyC. equallyD. nrmally
4.
A. encuragedB. blamedC. warnedD. cntrlled
5.
A. cmfrtingB. punishingC. changingD. annying
6.
A. whenB. whyC. whereD. hw
7.
A. truthB. planC. adviceD. wish
8.
A. surprisedB. wrriedC. scaredD. pleased
9.
A. hardB. luckyC. bringD. free
10.
A. pprtunitiesB. respnsibilitiesC. suggestinsD. advantages
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的女兒為了體驗不上學(xué)是什么感覺而逃學(xué)在家，卻讓作者給她寫病假條，作者教她自己去承擔(dān)自己的所作所為，她向老師說出了事情的真相，受到老師的訓(xùn)斥。
【1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我聽到我的女兒梅根和她的朋友喬安在上課的時間卻在家里大笑時，想象一下我的震驚。A. jy喜悅；B. shck震驚；C. relief放松；D. shame羞愧。根據(jù)下文“when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Jann laughing in the huse since it was the right time fr class”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)本該上學(xué)的女兒卻在家大笑，故作者感到非常震驚。故選B項。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們最終承認(rèn)，他們回家吃午飯，再也沒有回學(xué)校。A. believed相信；B. realized意識到；C. admitted承認(rèn)；D. predicted假裝。根據(jù)下文“that they came hme fr lunch and never returned t schl”可知，他們承認(rèn)了他們沒去上學(xué)的事實。故選C項。
【3題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我叫喬安回家，因為我需要和梅根私下談?wù)?。A. privately私下地；B. carefully仔細(xì)地；C. equally平等地；D. nrmally正常地。根據(jù)上文“I tld Jann t g hme”可知，作者讓喬安回家，是想私下和女兒談話。故選A項。
【4題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：喬安離開時，我控制住了自己，平靜地問梅根：“你忘了看時鐘了？”A. encuraged鼓勵；B. blamed責(zé)備；C. warned警告；D. cntrlled控制。根據(jù)下文“managed t ask Megan very quietly”可知，作者控制住了自己的怒火。故選D項。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮過懲罰她，但我說：“我對這一切感到非常難過。當(dāng)你應(yīng)該在學(xué)校的時候，我希望你在那里。現(xiàn)在我可能會接到你老師的電話?！盇. cmfrting安慰；B. punishing懲罰；C. changing改變；D. annying使惱怒。根據(jù)上文“Fr the mment I was getting angry”可知，作者當(dāng)時非常生氣，故考慮懲罰她的女兒。故選B項。
【6題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮過懲罰她，但我說：“我對這一切感到非常難過。當(dāng)你應(yīng)該在學(xué)校的時候，我希望你在那里。現(xiàn)在我可能會接到你老師的電話?！盇. when什么時間；B. why為什么；C. where什么地點；D. hw怎么樣。根據(jù)上文“When yu’re suppsed t be in schl”可知，作者的女兒這個時候應(yīng)該在學(xué)校，那是她應(yīng)該在的地方。故選C項。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我說：“梅根，假條必須你來寫，而且必須是事實?！盇. truth事實；B. plan計劃；C. advice建議；D. wish愿望。根據(jù)下文“but she did write a nte saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wuldn’t d it again”可知，作者的女兒說出了逃學(xué)的事實。故選A項。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：嗯，她對此并不太高興，但她確實寫了一張假條，說她只是在“試驗”，以后不會再做了。A. surprised吃驚的；B. wrried擔(dān)心的；C. scared害怕的；D. pleased滿意的。根據(jù)下文“but”可知，雖然她女兒不愿意，但還是說出了真相。故選D項。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管老師在這張假條的問題上狠狠地訓(xùn)斥了她一頓，但我仍然覺得我做的是對的。A. hard困難的；B. lucky幸運的；C. bring無聊的；D. free自由的。根據(jù)下文“I knew I had helped Megan face up t what she did and take ___10___.”可知，作者教會女兒承擔(dān)后果，故老師應(yīng)該是狠狠教訓(xùn)了她一頓。故選A項。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我已經(jīng)幫助梅根正視了她的所作所為并讓她承擔(dān)起了責(zé)任。A. pprtunities機會；B. respnsibilities責(zé)任；C. suggestins建議；D. advantages優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)上文“the teacher gave her a ___9____time ver the nte”可知，梅根為自己的所作所為承擔(dān)了應(yīng)付的責(zé)任。故選B項。
第二節(jié)： 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面3段短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A
語法填空
I was nt a willing student. Befre Mr Jenkins taught me, science ___11___ (be) a subject full f strange wrds t me. I had n idea what hydrgen was, and I didn’t really want t knw, either! I fund it all s bring and difficult, ___12___ Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used t explain things which seemed difficult with lts f practical ___13___(example) and in simple language. One day, he tk us utside, and we built a rcket!
【答案】11. had been
12. but 13. examples
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者上學(xué)時期的科學(xué)啟蒙老師詹金斯先生。
【11題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科學(xué)對我來說是一門充滿陌生詞匯的學(xué)科。根據(jù)Befre Mr Jenkins taught me可知，句子應(yīng)用過去完成時，表示“過去的過去”。故填had been。
【12題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：我覺得這一切都很無聊和困難，但詹金斯先生讓一切都變得有趣。根據(jù)句意，前后兩個句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用并列連詞but。故填but。
【13題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他過去常常用大量的實際例子和簡單的語言來解釋看似困難的事情。名詞example“例子”為可數(shù)名詞，前面有l(wèi)ts f修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填examples。
B
語法填空
____14____ (lcate) in the nrtheast f the Tibetan Highland, Qinghai Lake is usually N. 1 n “Mst Beautiful Lakes in China” list. It has very different scenery in different seasns. In spring, the surrunding muntains and wetlands take n a fresh green lk with ___15___(clur) flwers and white snw. In summer and autumn, the lake ___16___ (decrate) with glden clthing, as thusands f hectares (公頃) f rape flwers spread ut frm Qinghai Lake’s shres. In winter, snw and ice cver the surface f the lake, and the lake becmes quiet.
【答案】14. Lcated
15. clurful
16. is decrated
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了青海湖的四季景色。
【14題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：青海湖位于青藏高原的東北部，經(jīng)常在“中國最美湖泊”榜單上排名第一。動詞lcate“使坐落”和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞作狀語，lcated“位于，坐落在”已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。句首字母大寫，故填Lcated。
【15題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：春天，周圍的山脈和濕地被五顏六色的花朵和白色的雪所覆蓋，呈現(xiàn)出清新的綠色。修飾名詞flwers應(yīng)用其形容詞。故填clurful。
【16題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在夏季和秋季，青海湖被金色的外衣裝飾著，成千上萬公頃的油菜花從青海湖岸邊蔓延開來。動詞decrate和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，此處描述客觀現(xiàn)象，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。主語the lake為單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填is decrated。
C
語法填空
Can a sixth extinctin be avided? Experts say that it is nt yet t late if we take actin nw. This wuld mean we have t change the way we live, change hw we wrk and travel by using ___17___ (clean), mre natural surces f energy. We als need t imprve ur farming methds ___18___ (reduce) water, air and land pllutin. ___19___ shrt, if we want t survive, we need t stp destrying the planet n ___20___ we live and start t prtect it.
【答案】17. cleaner
18. t reduce
19. In 20. which
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了怎樣避免第六次物種滅絕。
【17題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：這意味著我們必須通過使用更清潔、更自然的能源來改變我們的生活方式、工作方式和出行方式。根據(jù)句意和后文mre natural可知，此處應(yīng)用其形容詞比較級和后文并列作定語。故填cleaner。
【18題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們還需要改進(jìn)我們的耕作方法，以減少水、空氣和土地污染。此處為非謂語，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示“為了”。故填t reduce。
【19題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：簡而言之，如果我們想要生存，我們需要停止破壞我們生活的星球，并開始保護(hù)它。in shrt“簡而言之”是固定搭配，符合句意。句首字母大寫，故填I(lǐng)n。
【20題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：同上。此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞為the planet，指代事物，在從句中作介詞n的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
第二部分、 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié) （共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Are yu passinate abut Academic Essay Writing? D yu want t share yur knwledge f Academic Essay Writing with thers? Then cme jin us as an nline Academic Essay Writing teacher and help students wh are eager t learn.
Lessnpal was brn as a Silicn Valley startup. We believe in delivering high-quality and affrdable lessns t all ur students, and we’d lve yu t jin us!
What’s in it fr yu?
It’s yu wh decide hw much yu get paid. Yu set yur wn rates fr yur lessns. If yur rates are attractive t students, yu’ll get lessns. It’s all in yur hands.
All lessns are taught nline and are easily accessible t everyne. We’re in the digital age nw!
Yu have cmplete cntrl f when and hw much yu teach. Yu cntrl yur schedule, availability, and hw many students yu teach.
Yu keep the majrity f yur earnings! Cmpared t ther platfrms, Lessnpal teachers keep mre f their %!
Jb respnsibilities
Deliver nline Academic Essay Writing lessns t students f all ages (yu chse what age grups yu want t wrk with).
Respnd t questins and messages frm current and ptential students.
Wrk with yur students t schedule lessns efficiently.
Actively cmmunicate with Lessnpal supprt abut any questins.
Jb requirements
Knwledge f Academic Essay Writing
Strng cmmunicatin skills
Stable internet cnnectin
Prficiency (熟練) in using nline meeting platfrms
Ready t get started? Click here t sign up.
21. What is available fr the applicants?
A. Deciding the class size.
B. Keeping all the earnings.
C. Getting prmted at wrk.
D. Receiving high-quality training.
22. The applicants are required t _________.
A. fllw Lessnpal’s teaching schedule
B be gd at rganizing meetings
C. deliver nline writing lessns
D. have teaching experience
23. Where is the passage prbably frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A website.
C. A strybk.D. A brchure.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則廣告，招聘在線教授寫作課程的老師。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What’s in it fr yu?”下文介紹中的第一段“It’s yu wh decide hw much yu get paid. Yu set yur wn rates fr yur lessns. If yur rates are attractive t students, yu’ll get lessns. It’s all in yur hands.(你能得到多少報酬由你自己決定。你可以自己設(shè)定你的課程費用。如果你的價格對學(xué)生有吸引力，你就會得到課程。一切都在你的掌握之中。)”可知，申請者能得到多少報酬取決于班級規(guī)模。故選A項。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jb respnsibilities”下文介紹中的“Deliver nline Academic Essay Writing lessns t students f all ages (yu chse what age grups yu want t wrk with).(為所有年齡段的學(xué)生提供在線學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作課程（您選擇想要與之合作的年齡段）。)”可知，申請人需要提供在線寫作課程。故選C項。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Click here t sign up. (點擊here(這里)報名。)”可知，文章來自一個網(wǎng)站。故選B項。
B
Running with Heart
My name was missing frm the list. All my friends had made the cheer-leading team. But smehw my name was nt there. I felt lst and embarrassed. Knwing that next year wuld bring a new rund f try-uts, I began practicing rutines n my wn, hping t becme a cheerleader the next year. But my dad suggested that I get invlved in running track — just t try it ut fr a year. I had always been the fastest kid t run a mile in gym class, s I figured that I might as well sign up fr running fr just ne seasn.
I had n idea what I was getting myself int. In the first race n the track team, I tk the last place. Race after race, I cntinued t place last and I felt my lungs burning frm the effrt. I wanted t quit, feeling like a failure. But my dad reminded me that nce yu are cmmitted t smething, yu shuld always fllw thrugh. S I finished my first track seasn, placing last in every race.
The next year came. Althugh running was nt a ppular activity, like cheer-leading was at ur schl, I signed up again t run the lng-distance races. I wanted t challenge myself. Within ne year, I became the fastest female crss-cuntry runner n ur schl’s team. A few years later, I placed 3rd in the Ohi State meet. Nt nly that, but I was ffered an athletic schlarship fr cllege.
Classmates may have laughed at me fr chsing running ver cheer-leading, but I didn’t care. I wasn’t running track t be cl r t prve anything t anyne else. Running made me prud f wh I was. When I chse t be a runner, I chse t be true t myself. We all make that chice every day — we can be wh we were brn t be r we can simply fllw the crwd. Fr me, I am happiest t me.
24. After failing t make the cheer-leading team, the authr ________.
A. wanted t quit
B. blamed her father
C. turned t her friends
D. cntinued t practice
25. The authr managed t finish her first track seasn mainly because she ________.
A. wanted t prve herself
B. was inspired by her father
C. gt an athletic schlarship
D. perfrmed well in the races
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A. Cnfident and hnest.
B. Creative and ambitius.
C. Generus and cmmitted.
D. Hardwrking and determined.
27. In the passage, the authr mainly wants t shw that we shuld ________.
A. fllw thers’ pinins
B. try ut fr ppular activities
C. appreciate wh we really are
D. help thse wh are in truble
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從參加跑步比賽的最后一名，經(jīng)過不懈的努力最終成為跑步能手，并從中感悟我們要做自己而不是隨大流。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Knwing that next year wuld bring a new rund f try-uts, I began practicing rutines n my wn, hping t becme a cheerleader the next year.(知道明年會有新一輪的試訓(xùn)，我開始自己的常規(guī)練習(xí)，希望來年能成為一名啦啦隊隊長)”可知，在沒能成為啦啦隊隊長后，作者繼續(xù)練習(xí)。故選D項。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“But my dad reminded me that nce yu are cmmitted t smething, yu shuld always fllw thrugh. S I finished my first track seasn, placing last in every race.(但我爸爸提醒我，一旦你致力于某件事，你就應(yīng)該堅持到底。所以我完成了我第一個田徑賽季，在每一場比賽中都排在最后)”可知，作者之所以能完成她的第一個田徑賽季，主要是因為她受到了父親的激勵。故選B項。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“In the first race n the track team, I tk the last place. Race after race, I cntinued t place last and I felt my lungs burning frm the effrt. I wanted t quit, feeling like a failure. But my dad reminded me that nce yu are cmmitted t smething, yu shuld always fllw thrugh. S I finished my first track seasn, placing last in every race.(在田徑隊的第一場比賽中，我得了最后一名。一場接一場的比賽，我仍然是最后一名，我感到我的肺在努力燃燒。我想退出，感覺自己很失敗。但我父親提醒我，一旦你承諾了一件事，你就應(yīng)該一直堅持到底。所以我完成了我的第一個賽道賽季，每場比賽都是最后一名。)”可知，作者是個努力刻苦，意志堅定的人。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Running made me prud f wh I was. When I chse t be a runner, I chse t be true t myself. We all make that chice every day — we can be wh we were brn t be r we can simply fllw the crwd. Fr me, I am happiest t me.(跑步讓我為自己感到驕傲。當(dāng)我選擇成為一名跑步者時，我選擇了忠于自己。我們每天都在做出這樣的選擇——我們可以成為天生的自己，也可以只是隨大流。對我來說，我是最幸福的……只做我自己)”可知，作者想告訴我們應(yīng)該欣賞真正的自己。故選C項。
C
We ften take sleep fr granted, but nt getting enugh shut-eye can increase ur risk fr many serius health issues such as pr mental health, heart prblems r even early death.
The ideal bedrm temperature fr peple t fall asleep is relatively cld — between 17 t 20℃. A drp in ur cre bdy temperature is essential fr us falling and staying asleep because it stimulates sleepiness.
Obradvich and his clleagues fund unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect n peple’s bedtime duratin by delaying falling asleep. Shrt sleep duratins were the wrst during the summertime and amng the elderly, prbably because they have mre difficulty regulating their bdy temperature. The team als fund warmer lcatins experienced the mst sleep lss, suggesting peple’s bdies haven’t adapted t their gegraphic lcatin. Lwer incme cuntries are als heavily affected, which Obradvich suppses culd be because f a lack f air-cnditining. But he plans t investigate further. Data shw glbal warming als will have the biggest sleep lss in the Middle East, sutheast Asia and Australia. By the end f the 21st century, peple in the warmest regins are expected t lse anther three nights f sleep per year due t higher nighttime temperatures.
Obradvich said his team’s findings culd help cmmunities r plicymakers better imprve the sleep envirnment fr peple, such as helping t cl bedrms mre effectively. On an individual level, Rbbins, a physician at Harvard Medical Schl, said peple als need t practice generally gd sleep behavir. Fr instance, reducing screen time 15 t 20 minutes befre falling asleep as the blue lights frm cellphnes r cmputers can wrk like the sun and thrw ff ur bdy clck. She suggested meditatin (冥想) befre bed can significantly help peple relax, making it easier fr peple t fall asleep.
“There’s still belief that ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’ kind f attitude twards sleep,” Rbbins said. “There’s s much wrk t be dne t imprve ur cllective view f sleep.”
28. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Temperature affects sleep duratin.
B. Glbal warming imprves sleep quality.
C. Sleep lss leads t serius health prblems.
D. Sleep quality influences attitude twards life.
29. Frm Paragraph 3, we can knw that __________.
A thse in the warmer regins can well adapt t the temperature
B. the elderly suffer frm sleep lss due t their sickness
C. it is harder t fall asleep in warmer temperature
D. unusual warmth cntributes t earlier wake-up
30. What des Rbbins intend t tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld pay mre attentin t sleep.
B. Peple have different attitudes twards sleep.
C. Scientists will slve the prblem f sleep lss.
D. Scientists shuld help t imprve humans’ sleep quality.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了溫度對睡眠持續(xù)時間的影響。
【28題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段“The ideal bedrm temperature fr peple t fall asleep is relatively cld — between 17 t 20℃. A drp in ur cre bdy temperature is essential fr us falling and staying asleep because it stimulates sleepiness. (人們?nèi)胨睦硐肱P室溫度相對較低——在17到20攝氏度之間。核心體溫的下降對我們?nèi)胨捅３炙咧陵P(guān)重要，因為它會刺激睡意。)”根據(jù)第三段“Obradvich and his clleagues fund unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect n peple’s bedtime duratin by delaying falling asleep.”（奧布拉多維奇和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，異常溫暖的氣溫對人們的就寢時間影響最大，會推遲入睡時間。）可知，這篇文章的主旨是溫度對睡眠時間的影響。故選A項。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Obradvich and his clleagues fund unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect n peple’s bedtime duratin by delaying falling asleep. Shrt sleep duratins were the wrst during the summertime and amng the elderly, prbably because they have mre difficulty regulating their bdy temperature. The team als fund warmer lcatins experienced the mst sleep lss, suggesting peple’s bdies haven’t adapted t their gegraphic lcatin. (Obradvich和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，異常溫暖的氣溫對人們的就寢時間影響最大，會推遲入睡時間。睡眠時間短的情況在夏季和老年人中最為嚴(yán)重，這可能是因為他們更難調(diào)節(jié)體溫。研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在較溫暖的地區(qū)，人們的睡眠損失最多，這表明人們的身體還沒有適應(yīng)他們的地理位置。)”等內(nèi)容可知，在溫暖的溫度下更難入睡。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Rbbins所說“There’s still belief that ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’ kind f attitude twards sleep.(人們?nèi)匀幌嘈拧宜篮笞匀粫X’這種對待睡眠的態(tài)度。)”和“There’s s much wrk t be dne t imprve ur cllective view f sleep. (要改善我們對睡眠的集體看法，還有很多工作要做。)”可知，許多人對于睡眠問題并不重視，Rbbins打算告訴人們應(yīng)該更加重視睡眠問題。故選A項。
D
It’s lgical fr humans t feel anxius abut artificial intelligence. After all, the news is cnstantly listing jb after jb where the technlgy seems t utperfrm us. But humans aren’t yet headed fr all-ut replacement. And if yu d suffer frm s-called AI anxiety, there are ways t alleviate yur fears and even change them int a mtivating frce fr gd. Here’s hw sme psychlgists and ther experts suggest handling ur AI fears.
First ff, cntext is key, says Sanae Okamt, a psychlgist and behaviral scientist in the Netherlands. She suggests keeping in mind that the present mment is far frm the first time peple have feared the rise f an unfamiliar technlgy. “Cmputer anxiety” dates back decades, Okamt ntes. Befre that, there was wrry ver industrial autmatin. Past technlgical advances have led t big scial and ecnmic shifts. Sme fears became reality, and sme jbs did disappear, but many f the wrst science fictin predictins did nt cme true.
Facing fears f AI by actually trying ut the tls, seeing where and hw they can be useful, reading up n hw they wrk and understanding their limitatins can turn the tech frm a mnster int a ptential helper, says Jerri Lynn Hgg, a media psychlgist. A deeper understanding can empwer smene t advcate fr meaningful jb prtectins r plicies that hld back ptential prblems.
Mary Alvrd, a practicing psychlgist, als stresses the imprtance f addressing the prblem directly. “We talk abut what actins yu can take instead f sticking yur head in the sand,” she says. Maybe that means gaining new skills t prepare fr a career change r learning abut nging effrts t cntrl AI. Or maybe it means building a unin with clleagues at wrk, which is imprtant t help peple feel mre secure and hpeful abut the future.
Perhaps the better respnse is t use ur AI anxiety t push us frward. Mastering a craft—be it drawing, writing, prgramming r translating — and using that skill t create smething new is “the mst rewarding thing that we can pssibly d.” says Sean Kelly, a Harvard University philsphy prfessr. S why nt let AI mtivate mre creatin instead f replacing it? If the technlgy prduces smething interesting, we can build n it. And if it desn’t, then why wrry abut it at all?
31. What des the wrd “alleviate” underlined in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Analyze.B. Relieve.C. Understand.D. Frget.
32. The authr mentins “cmputer anxiety” in Paragraph 2 t ________.
A. make a cmparisnB. intrduce a tpic
C. evaluate a statementD. give an example
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. AI fears will hld back the technlgical advance.
B. Plicy makers may cntrl the develpment f AI.
C. AI will lead t severe cmpetitin amng clleagues.
D. Humans may becme mre creative when mtivated by AI.
34. Regarding Sean Kelly’s pinin, the authr is ________.
A. uncncernedB. puzzledC. supprtiveD. dubtful
【答案】31 B 32. D 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是一些心理學(xué)家和專家提出的一些如何處理對人工智能恐懼的建議。
【31題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的“And if yu d suffer frm s-called AI anxiety, there are ways(如果你確實患有所謂的人工智能焦慮，有一些方法……)”以及劃線單詞后的“yur fears and even change them int a mtivating frce fr gd.(……你的恐懼甚至把它們變成一種積極的動力)”可知，如果患有對人工智能的焦慮，下文中講述的應(yīng)是有一些方法可以對人工智能的恐懼有所幫助，甚至能把它們變成一種積極的動力，結(jié)合下文中的“Here’s hw sme psychlgists and ther experts suggest handling ur AI fears.(以下是一些心理學(xué)家和其他專家建議如何處理我們對人工智能的恐懼)”可知，下面講述的是如何處理對人工智能恐懼的一些建議，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)與“解除或減輕”意義相近。故選B項。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“First ff, cntext is key, says Sanae Okamt, a psychlgist and behaviral scientist in the Netherlands. She suggests keeping in mind that the present mment is far frm the first time peple have feared the rise f an unfamiliar technlgy.(首先，語境是關(guān)鍵，荷蘭心理學(xué)家和行為科學(xué)家Sanae Okamt說。她建議大家記住，人們對一項不熟悉的技術(shù)的崛起感到恐懼，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不是第一次了)”可知，荷蘭心理學(xué)家和行為科學(xué)家Sanae Okamt認(rèn)為，人們對不熟悉的技術(shù)的崛起產(chǎn)生恐懼不是第一次了，進(jìn)而在下文中的提到了“cmputer anxiety”，由此可推斷，此處提出“cmputer anxiety”是舉例來說明人們對不熟悉技術(shù)的崛起產(chǎn)生恐懼不是第一次。故選D項。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Facing fears f AI by actually trying ut the tls, seeing where and hw they can be useful, reading up n hw they wrk and understanding their limitatins can turn the tech frm a mnster int a ptential helper, says Jerri Lynn Hgg, a media psychlgist.(媒體心理學(xué)家杰瑞·林恩·霍格(Jerri Lynn Hgg)表示，面對對人工智能的恐懼，通過實際嘗試這些工具，看看它們在哪里以及如何有用，閱讀它們的工作原理，了解它們的局限性，可以把技術(shù)從一個怪物變成一個潛在的幫手)”可知，通過實際嘗試這些工具，了解它們的局限性，可以把一項技術(shù)從一個怪物變成一個潛在的幫手，結(jié)合尾段中的“S why nt let AI mtivate mre creatin instead f replacing it? If the technlgy prduces smething interesting, we can build n it. And if it desn’t, then why wrry abut it at all?(那么，為什么不讓人工智能激發(fā)更多的創(chuàng)造，而不是取代它呢？如果這項技術(shù)產(chǎn)生了一些有趣的東西，我們就可以在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行建設(shè)。如果沒有，那又何必?fù)?dān)心呢)”可知，作者利用反問的形式表達(dá)的是人工智能能激發(fā)更多的創(chuàng)造，”由此可知，在人工智能的激勵下，人類可能變得更有創(chuàng)造力。故選D項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Mastering a craft—be it drawing, writing, prgramming r translating — and using that skill t create smething new is “the mst rewarding thing that we can pssibly d.” says Sean Kelly, a Harvard University philsphy prfessr.(掌握一門手藝——無論是繪畫、寫作、編程還是翻譯——并利用這項技能創(chuàng)造新東西是“我們能做的最有價值的事情”，哈佛大學(xué)哲學(xué)教授Sean Kelly說)”可知，哈佛大學(xué)哲學(xué)教授Sean Kelly認(rèn)為掌握一門技術(shù)并利用這項技術(shù)創(chuàng)造新東西是我們能做的最有價值的事情，結(jié)合下文中的“S why nt let AI mtivate mre creatin instead f replacing it? If the technlgy prduces smething interesting, we can build n it. And if it desn’t, then why wrry abut it at all?(那么，為什么不讓人工智能激發(fā)更多的創(chuàng)造，而不是取代它呢？如果這項技術(shù)產(chǎn)生了一些有趣的東西，我們就可以在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行建設(shè)。如果沒有，那又何必?fù)?dān)心呢)”可知，作者利用反問的形式表達(dá)的是讓人工智能激發(fā)更多的創(chuàng)造，與哈佛大學(xué)哲學(xué)教授Sean Kelly所闡述的觀點相同，所以作者對哈佛大學(xué)哲學(xué)教授Sean Kelly的觀點持支持的態(tài)度。故選C項。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Scial media des have its shrtcmings, and ne f thse is that it can ften seem like everybdy is living and winning big — except yu.
_______35_______ But the reality is that these peple g thrugh struggles just like everybdy else. Nbdy’s life is perfect all the time. We all g thrugh life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect mments d exist, but they exist amngst the real-life terrible mments._______36_______
Smene culd have +1000 likes n their pictures r a millin views n their vides and still be unhappy. _______37_______ There are peple with nly 10 likes but having plenty f friends, and peple with +1000 likes that are lnely, depressed, in fed up relatinships and have n real friends.
There are cuples that appear happy n scial media but behind thse phts, they suffer a lt in relatinships. _______38_______ Things aren’t always what they appear t be.
Yu dn’t knw what sme peple g thrugh t cme ut with the fantastic pictures yu envy. The real key players mstly perate behind the scenes but make the mst happen. They may lk like nbdy but they are building their kingdms while thers are getting high n likes and attentin. Success is nt what is presented n scial media. _______39_______
Be yurself and never give up n yurself. Dn’t cmpare yurself t thers. The real champins f scial media are thse wh add value t thers, nt the nes wh shw their lifestyle t impress thers.
A. Thse nes dn’t get dcumented.
B. Sme even think it’s a cmplete shw-ff.
C. Being ppular n scial media is nt everything.
D. Self-wrth is determined by the number f likes ne gets.
E. There are cuples wh pst nthing but are in lving relatinship.
F. It takes tears, sleepless nights, and lads f failure t make it in life.
G. Yu are always flded with strangers’ images that shw the life yu lng fr.
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. C 38. E 39. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章闡述了社交媒體上的曬出的成功畫面未必就是真正的成功，真正的成功需要無數(shù)的失敗做鋪墊，鼓勵人們做好自己，永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。
【35題詳解】
下文“But the reality is that these peple g thrugh struggles just like everybdy else. Nbdy’s life is perfect all the time. We all g thrugh life’s hardships, failure, and pain. (但現(xiàn)實是，這些人和其他人一樣經(jīng)歷著掙扎。沒有人的生活總是完美的。我們都會經(jīng)歷生活中的艱難、失敗和痛苦。)”轉(zhuǎn)折的語義說明這些人也一樣過著并不完美的生活，但是他們曬在社交媒體上的照片卻都是完美的。選項G“你總是被陌生人的照片淹沒，這些照片展示了你所渴望的生活。”引領(lǐng)下文，和下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項。
【36題詳解】
上文“Picture perfect mments d exist, but they exist amngst the real-life terrible mments. (畫面上的完美時刻確實存在，但困難的時刻也存在于現(xiàn)實生活中。)”說明他們現(xiàn)實生活中也有困難時刻，選項A“那些沒有被記錄?！背薪由衔模忉屗麄冎话l(fā)表完美時刻的原因，是因為困難時刻沒有被記錄。故選A項。
【37題詳解】
上文“Smene culd have +1000 likes n their pictures r a millin views n their vides and still be unhappy. (有些人的照片有1000個贊，視頻有100萬次觀看，但他仍然不開心。)”和下文“There are peple with nly 10 likes but having plenty f friends, and peple with +1000 likes that are lnely, depressed, in fed up relatinships and have n real friends.(有些人只有10個贊，但有很多朋友；有些人有1000個贊，但他們很孤獨，很沮喪，戀愛關(guān)系不愉快，沒有真正的朋友。)”說明在社交媒體上受歡迎的程度并不能和幸?？鞓烦烧?，選項C“在社交媒體上受歡迎并不是一切?！背猩蠁⑾?，說明社交媒體上受歡迎不能說明一切。故選C項。
【38題詳解】
上文“There are cuples that appear happy n scial media but behind thse phts, they suffer a lt in relatinships. (有些情侶在社交媒體上看起來很幸福，但在這些照片背后，他們在感情中遭受了很多痛苦。)”說明有些情侶照片上幸福未必真正幸福，選項E“有些情侶什么都不發(fā)，但他們很相愛?！睂?yīng)上文，說明有些情侶沒有照片，但也很幸福。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
上文“Success is nt what is presented n scial media. (成功不是在社交媒體上展示出來的。)”說明成功不是展示出來的，選項F“人生的成功需要淚水、不眠之夜和無數(shù)的失敗?！背薪由衔模f明成功真正的來源是什么。選項中make it和上文Success語義一致，故選F項。
第三部分、 書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)： 閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分， 共12分）。
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容及題目要求回答問題。
A new study fund that light pllutin is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky abut 10 percent brighter each year.
The result was a much faster rate f change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example t explain the result. If a child is brn where 250 stars can be seen n a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, nly 100 stars will be seen.
The researchers said they had hped t see imprvements in light pllutin in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting t be mre energy-efficient. Twns and cities are replacing lder streetlights with mdern LEDS that are mre carefully directed dwnwards, where the light is useful.
The hpe was that if the light was better directed, the situatin wuld get better. But there are many types f lighting — streetlights, decrative, advertising. S, with all these things cmbined — and pssibly mre lighting verall, we are making sky brightness wrse. The relatively lw cst f LED lighting is als cntributing t the prblem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher sciety’s addictin t light.
Cnsequently, light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, a surce f inspiratin fr art, science, literature. It als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life. Migratry sngbirds nrmally use starlight t psitin where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light t psitin tward the cean — light pllutin is a huge deal fr them.
40. What causes light pllutin?
___________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the negative effects f light pllutin?
___________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.
___________________________________________________________________________
43. Besides light pllutin, what d yu think is the mst serius pllutin in life? And explain its effects. (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting.
41. Light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, and als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life.
42. The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.
Accrding t the passage, the sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre use f LED lighting instead f the lack f it.
43. I think the mst serius ne is air pllutin. Firstly, air pllutin prevents us frm breathing fresh air, which is harmful t human health. In additin, air pllutin als pses significant risks t climate, animals, and plants, leading t mre natural disasters.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了光污染形成的原因以及造成的負(fù)面影響。
【40題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“A new study fund that light pllutin is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky abut 10 percent brighter each year. (一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，光污染正在使夜空變得更亮，而星星變得更暗。人造照明是主要原因，每年使夜空亮度增加10%左右。)”可知，人造照明是導(dǎo)致光污染主要原因。故答案為Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting.
【41題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中“Cnsequently, light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, a surce f inspiratin fr art, science, literature. It als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life. (因此，光污染導(dǎo)致人類普遍經(jīng)驗喪失，這是藝術(shù)、科學(xué)和文學(xué)的靈感來源。它也影響人類的日常生活以及其他形式的生命。)”可知，光污染導(dǎo)致人類普遍經(jīng)驗的喪失，也影響著人類和其他生命形式的日常生活。故答案為Light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, and als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life.
【42題詳解】
考查判斷正誤、細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“S, with all these things cmbined — and pssibly mre lighting verall, we are making sky brightness wrse. The relatively lw cst f LED lighting is als cntributing t the prblem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher sciety’s addictin t light. (所以，所有這些因素結(jié)合在一起——可能還有更多的照明，我們正在使天空的亮度變差。相對低廉的LED照明成本也助長了這個問題，即越便宜越好的照明，社會對光的依賴程度越高。)”可知，天空亮度變得更差，是因為更多地使用了LED照明，而不是缺乏它。試題中the lack f LED lighting(缺乏LED照明)是錯誤的。故答案為①The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.②Accrding t the passage, the sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre use f LED lighting instead f the lack f it.
【43題詳解】
考查閱讀表達(dá)。通讀全文可知，光污染對人類造成嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響，另外空氣污染對人類的危害最為嚴(yán)重。首先，空氣污染使我們無法呼吸新鮮空氣，這對人體健康有害。此外，空氣污染還對氣候、動物和植物構(gòu)成重大風(fēng)險。故答案為I think the mst serius ne is air pllutin. Firstly, air pllutin prevents us frm breathing fresh air, which is harmful t human health. In additin, air pllutin als pses significant risks t climate, animals, and plants, leading t mre natural disasters.
第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（20分）
44. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。你校英國交換生Jim寫郵件請你推薦一個你們學(xué)校的特色活動。請你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 介紹活動；
2. 推薦理由；
3. 邀請參加。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Glad t hear that yu’re interested in ur schl activities, amng which I’d like t recmmend the annual “Sprts Festival” t yu.
It falls n the last week f every March. Mst f us can sign up fr track and field events t win glry fr ur classes. Sme f us wh are nt gifted in sprts but still keen n participating can jin in sme fun sprts activities like “three-legged race” r attend vlunteer grup t help.
There’s n dubt that physical activities are beneficial t ur health as well as develp team spirit.
Cme and jin us this year! It wn’t let yu dwn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國交換生Jim寫郵件，向他推薦一個自己學(xué)校的特色活動。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
想要：wuld like→want
熱心的：keen→enthusiastic
幫助：help→assist
發(fā)展：develp→grw
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Mst f us can sign up fr track and field events t win glry fr ur classes.
拓展句：Mst f us can sign up fr track and field events t win glry fr ur classes, which is very imprtant.
【點睛】【高分句型1】Glad t hear that yu’re interested in ur schl activities, amng which I’d like t recmmend the annual “Sprts Festival” t yu. (運用了“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】There’s n dubt that physical activities are beneficial t ur health as well as develp team spirit. (運用了that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句)

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