十年(14-23)高考英語真題與模擬試卷分項匯編專題13 閱讀理解新聞報道及其它（含解析）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

2023年高考真題
Passage 1更新中
2023年名校模擬題
Passage 1
（2023·廣東·廣州市第二中學校聯(lián)考模擬預測）Fr Lydia Knirdu, a famus Greek actress and frmer Greek minister f culture and sprts, cultural preservatin is essential t help peple knw wh they are and learn what they shuld d in the future.
“The taller yu want t grw, the deeper yur rts must be. Our cultural past is ur rts. If we dn’t have really strng rts and depth in ur perceptin(認識) f ur identity, we cannt grw. Withut these rts, we will be trn ut very easily with the currents,” she tld the jurnalist in a recent interview, adding cultural heritage is in fact very much alive and relevant tday.
Speaking f her teaching experience verseas, Knirdu said she was very much impressed by her Chinese students when she gave seminars n ancient Greek tragedy at the Shanghai Theatre Academy in 2014. When the students wrked n Alcestis, an Athenian tragedy by ancient Greek playwright Euripides, they thrughly researched the cstumes they wuld wear, the set, and the lights, amng thers, she recalled. “I feel they evlved and were transfrmed by this experience as I was transfrmed. They did nt just play a rle, but created a whle wrld and that is why the prductin had s much interest als fr the spectatrs, ”she said.
Knirdu participated in the prductin f Euripides Electra tgether with Greek directr Kstas Tsians. “Tsians did smething very imprtant fr Greek culture. He cnnected flk frms f art, flk dances, sngs and petry with ur classical past. We presented this perfrmance in many places arund the wrld, and the feeling that it stirred in the audience was quite similar, even thugh they didn’t always understand the language,” she said.
The Chinese civilizatin is a huge tree with very deep rts, and Greece als has a rich ancient civilizatin, she said, adding she believes that the tw cuntries culd prmte cperatin and exchanges in many fields, such as in preservatin f antiques.
1．What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A．The imprtance f cultural preservatin.B．Cultural heritage is easily damaged.
C．The taller grwth wants the deeper rts.D．We are easily trn ut with the currents.
2．What did Knirdu d in Shanghai?
A．She played a rle and was lved by the spectatrs.
B．She researched the cstumes, the set, and the lights.
C．She studied the art f Chinese perfrmance as a student.
D．She prmted the students’ understanding f Greek culture.
3．Why did Knirdu cperate with Kstas Tsians?
A．T indicate her friendship with Tsians.
B．T acknwledge Tsiansin’s cntributins.
C．T ppularize and prmte traditinal Greek culture.
D．T intrduce the achievement f Tsiansin in presenting classics.
4．What will the text prbably talk abut in the fllwing part?
A．Cultural preservatin in China.B．The way t preserve cultural heritage.
C．The intrductin f ther Greek art prductins.D．Cperatin between Chinese and Greek culture.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D
【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了對于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長Lydia Knirdu對于希臘文化保護和傳播所作的貢獻以及她希望中國和希臘兩國可以促進多領域合作與交流的事情。
1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Fr Lydia Knirdu, a famus Greek actress and frmer Greek minister f culture and sprts, cultural preservatin is essential t help peple knw wh they are and learn what they shuld d in the future.(對于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長Lydia Knirdu來說，文化保護對于幫助人們了解自己和學習未來應該做什么至關重要)”以及第二段“Our cultural past is ur rts. If we dn’t have really strng rts and depth in ur perceptin f ur identity, we cannt grw. Withut these rts, we will be trn ut very easily with the currents(我們的文化歷史是我們的根源。如果我們對自己的身份認知沒有真正牢固的根基和深度，我們就無法成長。如果沒有這些根，我們將很容易被潮流撕裂)”可知，Knirdu認為文化是一個國家的根基，沒有這些根基我們就不能發(fā)展和成長，說明保護文化的重要性。故選A。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“When the students wrked n Alcestis, an Athenian tragedy by ancient Greek playwright Euripides, they thrughly researched the cstumes they wuld be wearing, the set, and the lights, amng thers, she recalled. “I feel they evlved and were transfrmed by this experience as I was transfrmed. They did nt just play a rle, but created a whle wrld and that is why the prductin had s much interest als fr the spectatrs,” she said.(她回憶道，當學生們創(chuàng)作古希臘劇作家歐里庇得斯的雅典悲劇《阿爾克西斯》時，他們徹底研究了他們將要穿的服裝、布景和燈光等。她說：“我覺得他們在進化，在我被改造的過程中他們也被這段經(jīng)歷所改造。他們不僅發(fā)揮了作用，還創(chuàng)造了一個完整的世界，這就是為什么觀眾對這部作品如此感興趣的原因?！?”可知，Knirdu幫助學生理解希臘戲劇，說明她促進了學生對希臘文化的理解。故選D項。
3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Tsians did smething very imprtant fr Greek culture. He cnnected flk frms f art, flk dances, sngs and petry with ur classical past. We presented this perfrmance in many places arund the wrld, and the feeling that it stirred in the audience was quite similar, even thugh they didn’t always understand the language,” she said.(“齊亞諾斯為希臘文化做了一件非常重要的事情。他將民間藝術形式、民間舞蹈、歌曲和詩歌與我們的古典歷史聯(lián)系在一起。我們在世界各地舉辦了這場演出，觀眾的感受非常相似，盡管他們并不總是懂希臘語，”她說)”可知，Knirdu和科斯塔斯·齊亞諾斯合作是為了普及和弘揚希臘傳統(tǒng)文化。故選C項。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“The Chinese civilizatin is a huge tree with very deep rts, and Greece als has a rich ancient civilizatin, she said, adding she believes that the tw cuntries culd prmte cperatin and exchanges in many fields, such as in preservatin f antiques.(她說，中國文明是一棵有著深厚根基的大樹，希臘也有著豐富的古代文明。她補充說，她相信兩國可以促進許多領域的合作與交流，比如古董保護)”可推斷出接下來可能會談到的是中國和希臘文化之間的合作。故選D項。
Passage 2
（2023·重慶·重慶一中?？寄M預測）Researchers have created a nninvasive (無創(chuàng)的) brain decder that can translate stries heard by participants int a string f text, based n their MRI scans. The team says this technlgy culd ne day aid cmmunicatin in peple wh are mentally cnscius but physically unable t speak, such as strke patients.
“Cmpared t what’s been dne befre using the same nninvasive methd, which typically deals with single wrds r shrt sentences, this new technlgy is a real leap frward,” Alex Huth, a prfessr f neurscience and cmputer science at the University f Texas at Austin, says in a statement. “We’re getting the mdel t decde cntinuus language fr extended perids f time with cmplicated ideas.”
Huth and his clleagues cllected hurs f data frm three participants listening t the pdcasts “Mdern Lve” and “The Mth Radi Hur” while cnnected t a functinal MRI (fMRI) scanner, which recrded the participants’ bld xygen levels in parts f their brains. This data was used t train an A．I. mdel t match specific brain activity patterns with strings f wrds, the team reprts in a new study published Mnday in Nature Neurscience. The decder used GPT-1, an earlier versin f the technlgy that pwers ChatGPT.
When the participants listened t new stries, the tl culdn’t spit back the exact wrds, but it culd cnvey the main idea. Fr example, a participant hearing “I dn’t have my driver’s license yet” had their thughts translated t: “She has nt even started t learn t drive yet.” The researchers als had participants watch muted animated shrt films. Thugh the mdel was trained nly n spken wrds, it culd still generate a language descriptin f what was happening.
Reading minds raises a multitude f ethical questins abut brain privacy, but the researchers say their tl desn’t wrk withut willing cperatin. “This is all abut the user having a new way f cmmunicating, a new tl that is ttally in their cntrl,” David Mses, a researcher f autmatic speech recgnitin at the University f Califrnia, San Francisc, wh was nt invlved in the study, said. “That is the gal, and we have t make sure that stays the gal.”
5．In what aspect has the new technlgy made prgress?
A．The age f target users.B．The cmplexity f listening materials.
C．The incme f research teams.D．The effectiveness f nninvasive methds.
6．Which f the fllwing generates the translated text?
A．The researchers.B．A fMR/scanner.C．An A．I. decder.D．ChatGPT.
7．What can be the disadvantage f the new technlgy?
A．A vilatin t persnal privacy.B．A challenge t traditinal culture.
C．A prejudice against the mentally disabled.D．A barrier against human cmmunicatin.
8．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．A．I. Helps Strke Patients t Speak With Cmputers
B．A New Technlgy Makes Peple Read Others’ Mind
C．ChatGPT Vices What Yu think Int a String f wrds
D．Researchers Use A．I. t Decde Wrds Frm Brain Scans
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．A 8．D
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了研究人員發(fā)明了一種使用人工智能來解碼核磁共振掃描結果，并將其轉化為語言的技術。
5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Cmpared t what’s been dne befre using the same nninvasive methd, which typically deals with single wrds r shrt sentences, this new technlgy is a real leap frward,(與之前使用的非侵入性方法只能處理單個單詞或短句，與之相比，這項新技術是一個真正的飛躍)”和“We’re getting the mdel t decde cntinuus language fr extended perids f time with cmplicated ideas.(我們讓這個模型長時間解碼連續(xù)的，有著復雜思想的語言。)”可知，新技術的飛躍體現(xiàn)在聽力材料的復雜性上。故選B項。
6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“The decder used GPT-1, an earlier versin f the technlgy that pwers ChatGPT.(解碼器使用了GPT-1，這是ChatGPT技術的早期版本。)”可知，ChatGPT解碼并生成翻譯后的文本。故選D項。
7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Reading minds raises a multitude f ethical questins abut brain privacy (讀心術引發(fā)了許多關于大腦隱私的倫理問題)”可知，新技術的缺點是可能會侵犯個人隱私。故選A項。
8．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合根據(jù)第一段中“Researchers have created a nninvasive (無創(chuàng)的) brain decder that can translate stries heard by participants int a string f text, based n their MRI scans.(研究人員發(fā)明了一種無創(chuàng)大腦解碼器，可以根據(jù)參與者的核磁共振掃描結果，將他們聽到的故事翻譯成一串文本)”和第三段中“Huth and his clleagues cllected hurs f data frm three participants listening t the pdcasts “Mdern Lve” and “The Mth Radi Hur” while cnnected t a functinal MRI (fMRI) scanner, which recrded the participants’ bld xygen levels in parts f their brains. This data was used t train an A. I. mdel t match specific brain activity patterns with strings f wrds, the team reprts in a new study published Mnday in Nature Neurscience.(胡特和他的同事們收集了三名參與者聽播客“現(xiàn)代愛情”和“飛蛾廣播一小時”的數(shù)小時數(shù)據(jù)，并將其連接到功能性核磁共振成像(fMRI)掃描儀上，該掃描儀記錄了參與者大腦部分地區(qū)的血氧水平。研究小組在周一發(fā)表在《自然神經(jīng)科學》上的一項新研究中報告說，這些數(shù)據(jù)被用來訓練一個人工智能模型，以匹配特定的大腦活動模式和單詞串。)”可知，本文報道了研究人員發(fā)明了一種使用人工智能來解碼核磁共振掃描結果，并將其轉化為語言的技術。所以“Researchers Use A. I. t Decde Wrds Frm Brain Scans(研究人員使用人工智能從腦部掃描中解碼語言)”是文章最佳標題。故選D項。
Passage 3
（2023·山東淄博·統(tǒng)考三模）When Zhi Yueying, then 19, went t the remte Niyang village in Yichun city, Jiangxi prvince, t wrk as a village teacher in 1980, villagers were dubtful if she was ging t stay lng.
Over the past fur decades, Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin. She is a recipient f Tuching China awards that recgnize the mst inspiring rle mdels in 2016. She was als awarded as a mdel pverty fighter by the gvernment. Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains. Over the years, she has taught the students and cared fr them, since many f them were “l(fā)eft-behind” children whse parents migrated t ther places t wrk. Mre than 1,000 students f hers have left the muntain area, and created a better life fr themselves.
Lcated amid the muntains, the village was very pr and far frm any twn. Villagers had t hike in the muntains. “I arrived at the schl in an early evening, and was shcked. I had knwn the cnditins were pr, but the reality was wrse.” Mrever, lcal peple needed t g dwnhill t buy daily necessities, and transprt them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders. “I had never walked uphill n a muntain rad befre, s I walked much mre slwly than thers, smetimes I walked slwly behind t much and was scared t tears,” says Zhi. Smetimes she had t walk uphill by herself with a flashlight at night. The wild bars and rabbits smetimes frightened her and she enhanced her curage by singing ludly.
But she gradually gt used t her life there. At the beginning, she fund many lcal peple valued their sns far mre than their daughters, and wuld nt like t let them attend schl. Zhi went t their hmes repeatedly and gradually persuaded them t send all their children t schl. Fr thse wh culd nt affrd the tuitin, she spared her wn mney t help.
Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding. “My dream, the same as befre, is t stay by the side f mre children. I knw pverty will frever say gdbye t the muntainus villages, t my students, and t myself,” says Zhi.
9．Why did Zhi chse t stay lng in the muntains?
A．She was a village teacher.
B．She was a Tuching China awards recipient.
C．She was shcked by the pr living cnditins.
D．She was aware f the significance f rural educatin.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The reasns fr their pverty.
B．The ways f buying daily necessities.
C．The tugh situatins in the muntains.
D．The descriptin f Zhi’s teaching experience.
11．What can we learn abut Zhi Yueying?
A．She has a sense f achievement.B．She enjys living in muntains.
C．She has changed the lcal life.D．She likes challenges in teaching.
12．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．A Life-changing LessnB．A Cntributr t Rural Educatin
C．The Teaching Experience in MuntainsD．The Current Situatin f Rural Educatin
【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了在江西山區(qū)中做鄉(xiāng)村教師的支月英的故事，過去的四十年中她一直致力于鄉(xiāng)村教育，悉心教育照顧學生，她夢想著山村、她的學生和她自己都能早日脫離貧困。
9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Over the past fur decades, Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin.(在過去的四十年里，她一直致力于鄉(xiāng)村教育)”和“Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains.(支月英對山區(qū)教育的重要性有著深刻的認識)”可知，支月英選擇長期待在山里是因為她意識到了鄉(xiāng)村教育的重要性。故選D項。
10．段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Lcated amid the muntains, the village was very pr and far frm any twn. Villagers had t hike in the muntains. “I arrived at the schl in an early evening, and was shcked. I had knwn the cnditins were pr, but the reality was wrse.” Mrever, lcal peple needed t g dwnhill t buy daily necessities, and transprt them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders.(這個村莊坐落在群山之中，非常貧窮，遠離任何城鎮(zhèn)。村民們不得不在山里徒步旅行。“我很早就到了學校，嚇了一跳。我知道條件很差，但現(xiàn)實更糟?！贝送?，當?shù)厝诵枰律劫徺I生活必需品，然后用手或肩膀扛著運回來)”可知，山里的村莊地理位置偏僻，條件很差，人們生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描繪山里艱苦的環(huán)境。故選C項。
11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding.(支月英說，看到她的學生在大山之外取得好成績是非常值得的)”可知，支月英對于自己教育的成果感到很滿意，很有成就感。故選A項。
12．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了在江西山區(qū)中做鄉(xiāng)村教師的支月英的故事，過去的四十年中她一直致力于鄉(xiāng)村教育，做出了巨大的貢獻。由此可知，B項“鄉(xiāng)村教育的貢獻者”符合文章大意，適合作為標題。故選B項。
Passage 4
（2023·廣東·校聯(lián)考三模）Diplmacy (外交) is an art. It requires nt nly strategy, but als ther aspects, including intuitin, persuasin, and even tricks, human skills that have lng been unreachable t even the mst pwerful artificial intelligence (AI) appraches. Nw, an AI algrithm (算法) frm a high-tech cmpany has shwn it can beat many humans in a game f diplmacy, which required bth strategic planning and negtiatins with ther players. The wrk, researchers said, culd pint the way tward virtual exercise caches and cnflict mediatrs (調(diào)解員) .
AI has already beaten humans in sme games f strategy. It is als prving pwerful at natural-language prcessing, in which it can generate humanlike text and carry n cnversatins. In the game f diplmacy, seven players vied fr cntrl f Eurpe. On each turn, players issued rders regarding the mvement f army and naval units, fllwing discussin with ther players, whm they culd attack r supprt.
There are tw technical innvatins nted by Jnathan Gratch, a cmputer scientist at the University f Suthern Califrnia wh studies negtiatin agents. First, the Al agent’s cm-municatin is grunded in multistep planning. Secnd. the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range f human cmmn practice.
T test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 nline games against humans. It placed in the tp 10% f players wh’d played at least tw games. “In a game that invlves language and negtiatin, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a cmputer scientist at Clumbia University.
Accrding t Brwn, a cmputer scientist at the cmpany wh c-authred the paper, the wrk culd lead t practical applicatins in fields that nw require a human tuch. One specific example is that virtual persnal assistants might help cnsumers negtiate fr better prices n plane tickets. Gratch and Yu bth see pprtunities fr agents that persuade peple t make healthy chices r pen up during therapy.
13．Wh is likely t benefit frm the research wrk?
A．A famus cyber athlete.B．A prfessr f civil law.
C．A prfessinal accuntant.D．A virtual fitness instructr.
14．What des the underlined wrd “vied” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Accunted.B．Aplgized.C．Searched.D．Cmpeted.
15．Why des the authr mentin AI agent?
A．T understand the thught f AI.B．T illustrate the advantages f AI.
C．T describe the imprtance f AI.D．T intrduce the strategy f AI.
16．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Diplmacy, a Ppular GameB．AI Learns the Art f Diplmacy
C．Al Will Becme a Perfect DiplmatD．An Excellent Game Player
【答案】13．D 14．D 15．B 16．B
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了人工智能具有了談判和其他一些外交技能。
13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“The wrk, researchers said, culd pint the way tward virtual exercise caches and cnflict mediatrs (調(diào)解員).(研究人員表示，這項工作可能會為虛擬運動教練和沖突調(diào)解人指明方向)”可知，虛擬健身教練可能從這項研究工作中受益。故選D。
14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“In the game f diplmacy, seven players(在外交游戲中，七名玩家)”和下文“cntrl f Eurpe(控制歐洲)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“在外交游戲中，七名選手爭奪對歐洲的控制權”。由此可知，劃線詞vied的意思是“競爭”，和cmpeted意思相近，故選D。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“First, the Al agent’s cm-municatin is grunded in multistep planning. Secnd. the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range f human cmmn practice.(首先，人工智能主體的通信建立在多步驟規(guī)劃的基礎上。第二。人工智能代理將其言論和游戲玩法保持在人類通常做法的范圍內(nèi))”和第四段“T test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 nline games against humans. It placed in the tp 10% f players wh’d played at least tw games. “In a game that invlves language and negtiatin, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a cmputer scientist at Clumbia University.(為了測試它的技能，研究人員讓人工智能和人類玩了40場在線游戲。它在至少玩過兩款游戲的玩家中排名前10%?！霸谝粋€涉及語言和談判的游戲中，智能體能達到與人類相當?shù)乃绞欠浅Ａ钊伺d奮的，”哥倫比亞大學的計算機科學家Yu說)”可推知，作者提到人工智能代理是為了說明人工智能的優(yōu)勢。故選B。
16．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Nw, an AI algrithm (算法) frm a high-tech cmpany has shwn it can beat many humans in a game f diplmacy, which required bth strategic planning and negtiatins with ther players. The wrk, researchers said, culd pint the way tward virtual exercise caches and cnflict mediatrs (調(diào)解員).(現(xiàn)在，一家高科技公司的人工智能算法顯示，它可以在外交游戲中擊敗許多人類，這需要戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃和與其他玩家的談判。研究人員表示，這項工作可能會為虛擬運動教練和沖突調(diào)解人指明方向)”可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能具有的談判和其他一些外交技能。由此可知，最好的標題是B選項“AI Learns the Art f Diplmacy(人工智能學會了外交藝術)”。故選B。
Passage 5
（2023·河南鄭州·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）Accrding t statistics, 358bee species live in the Netherlands, but mre than half f them are part f the Dutch red list — a catalg listing endangered species. T supprt the insects, the city f Utrecht Cuncil, tgether with advertising agency Clear Channel, has transfrmed 316 bus stps acrss the city int “bee bus stps”. They are like rdinary bus shelters, but small gardens have been added t the rfs. The gardens are filled with grass and wildflwers chsen t attract bees.
The city authrities put the prject ut t tender (投標). In the tender, they utlined the requirements and encuraged applicants t develp a nature-inclusive design that ffers eclgical benefits t the city. Finally, they signed an agreement with Clear Channel, wh wn the tender and setup 316 bus shelters. The prject didn’t cst the city gvernment anything. The peratrs are respnsible fr the upkeep f the stps citywide, using incme frm advertising.
The bus shelters have brught abut great changes in the city. Green rfs catch fine dust, stre rainwater and prvide cling in the heat. They als ensure bidiversity in the city. There are als 96 bus stps fitted ut with LED lighting and bamb benches. The base plate is als made frm recycled cncrete. The advantages f the bus stps have nt gne unnticed by the media. But what particularly has caught the media’s attentin is that these ec-friendly shelters make peple happy and enthusiastic, and encurage them t d smething fr nature.
This unique Dutch city even has a prgram fr residents wh can transfrm their wn rfs int green rfs fr bees. Residents interested in this can apply fr gvernment allwances. Click here fr mre infrmatin and details.
17．Why did the Utrecht Cuncil add green rfs t its bus shelters?
A．T beautify the urban space.B．T prmte public transprt.
C．T ffer cmfrt t travellers.D．T stp the bee ppulatin decline.
18．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Hw the csts were shared.B．Hw the prject was perated.
C．What was in eluded in the tender.D．Why the agreement was reached.
19．What impresses the media mst abut the bus shelters?
A．The variety f the chsen plants.
B．Their rle in reducing air pllutin.
C．The use f energy-saving LED lights.
D．Their effect n peple’s envirnmental awareness.
20．Wh is the text mainly intended fr?
A．Lcal turists.B．News reprters.
C．Utrecht citizens.D．Prject managers.
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．D 20．C
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了荷蘭的Utrecht市議會與廣告公司Clear Channel合作，將全市316個公交車站改造成了“蜜蜂公交車站”，以幫助保護蜜蜂。
17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“T supprt the insects, the city f Utrecht Cuncil, tgether with advertising agency Clear Channel, has transfrmed 316 bus stps acrss the city int “bee bus stps”. They are like rdinary bus shelters, but small gardens have been added t the rfs. The gardens are filled with grass and wildflwers chsen t attract bees.(為了支持這些昆蟲，Utrecht市議會與廣告公司Clear Channel合作，將全市316個公交車站改造成了“蜜蜂公交車站”。它們就像普通的公交候車亭，但屋頂上增加了小花園。花園里種滿了為了吸引蜜蜂而挑選的草和野花)”可知，Utrecht市議會在公交候車亭增加綠色屋頂是為了吸引蜜蜂，也就是說為了防止蜜蜂數(shù)量的減少。故選D。
18．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“The city authrities put the prject ut t tender(投標). In the tender, they utlined the requirements and encuraged applicants t develp a nature-inclusive design that ffers eclgical benefits t the city. Finally, they signed an agreement with Clear Channel, wh wn the tender and setup 316 bus shelters. The prject didn’t cst the city gvernment anything. The peratrs are respnsible fr the upkeep f the stps citywide, using incme frm advertising.(市政當局把這項工程對外招標。在招標中，他們概述了要求，并鼓勵申請人開發(fā)一個自然包容的設計，為城市提供生態(tài)效益。最后，他們與清晰通道簽訂協(xié)議，清晰通道中標，并興建316個巴士候車亭。這個項目沒有花費市政府一分錢。運營商負責維護全市范圍內(nèi)的車站，使用廣告收入)”可知，第二段主要講述了該工程是如何運作的。故選B。
19．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“But what particularly has caught the media’s attentin is that these ec-friendly shelters make peple happy and enthusiastic, and encurage them t d smething fr nature.(但特別引起媒體注意的是，這些環(huán)保的庇護所讓人們感到快樂和熱情，并鼓勵他們?yōu)樽匀蛔鳇c什么)”可知，使媒體印象最為深刻的是，改造來保護蜜蜂的公交候車亭對人們環(huán)保意識的激勵。故選D。
20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“This unique Dutch city even has a prgram fr residents wh can transfrm their wn rfs int green rfs fr bees. Residents interested in this can apply fr gvernment allwances. Click here fr mre infrmatin and details.(這座獨特的荷蘭城市甚至為居民提供了一個項目，他們可以把自己的屋頂變成蜜蜂的綠色屋頂。對此感興趣的居民可以申請政府津貼。點擊這里了解更多信息和細節(jié))”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了Utrecht市議會與廣告公司Clear Channel合作，將全市316個公交車站改造成了“蜜蜂公交車站”的事情，并且在最后一段對所有市民發(fā)出倡議，倡議他們一起保護蜜蜂。由此推知，這篇文章是寫給Utrecht市民的。故選C。
Passage 6
（2023·廣東·統(tǒng)考二模）Culd the next Ernest Hemingway r Jane Austen be a well-engineered AI sftware prgram? It’s a questin becming increasingly pressing as machine language-learning sftware cntinues t evlve.
Much f this is just nerves. Tday’s AI creative writing prgrams are nt yet at a stage f develpment where they pse a serius threat t Clleen Hver r Charles Dickens. But while attentin cntinues t fcus n the pssibility f a blanket takever f human literature by AI, far less cnsideratin has been given t the prspect f AI c-wrking with humans.
Earlier this mnth, American sci-fi writer Ken Liu, wh had been awarded Hug and Nebula t his name, jined 12 ther prfessinal authrs fr a writing wrkshp n Ggle’s Wrdcraft. This AI tl, a language generating mdel, is nt yet publicly available but is advertised as an AI-pwered writing assistant that can, when given the right instructin frm the writer, prvide helpful descriptins, create lists f bjects r emtinal states, and even brainstrm ideas.
The writers at the wrkshp, hwever, emerged with mixed reprts. “Wrdcraft is t sensible. Ww!” Rbin Slan wrte. “But ‘sensible’ is anther wrd fr predictable, verused and bring. My intentin here is t prduce smething unexpected.”
I’m uncnvinced that writers awarded the Nbel Prize have much t fear frm AI. Their wrk, and that f cuntless ther nvelists, shrt stry writers, dramatists and pets, is t particular, t beautifully unique. Even if a mdel learned what they had dne in the past, it wuld nt be able t predict where their creativity might take them in the future. But fr authrs wh write fllwing a pattern, AI might step in, first as assistants befre sme day t authrship.
Prductin-line nvels are nthing new. In the 1970s, Barbara Cartland, wh wrte mre than 723 bks in her lifetime, many f which are rmance bestsellers, wuld read her nvels fr her secretary t type up at the remarkable rate f rughly seven chapters a week. But already machine has replaced the secretary’s rle. Perhaps creative writing sftware isn’t that far frm replacing the Mrs. Cartlands f tday.
21．Which aspect f AI calls fr mre attentin?
A．Its damage t ur nerves.
B．Its prgress in literary studies.
C．Its cperatin with humans.
D．Its influence n human literature.
22．What can we learn abut Wrdcraft frm the text?
A．It generates nvels autmatically.
B．It utperfrms prfessinal writers.
C．Its wrks receive praises frm the public.
D．Its wrks bear similarity t existing nes.
23．What can writers d t avid the threat frm AI?
A．Increase writing speed.
B．Use diverse resurces.
C．Prduce creative wrks.
D．Fllw the latest patterns.
24．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Will AI Replace Human Writers?
B．AI Warns Mrs. Cartlands f Tday
C．Is Writing Running int a New Era?
D．Wrd craft Lies at the Center f Debate
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．C 24．A
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是本月早些時候，曾獲得雨果獎和星云獎的美國科幻作家Ken Liu與其他12位專業(yè)作家一起參加了一個谷歌的Wrdcraft寫作研討會，這是一款人工智能寫作助手，文章主要探討了人工智能是否會取代人類的作家。
21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“But while attentin cntinues t fcus n the pssibility f a blanket takever f human literature by AI, far less cnsideratin has been given t the prspect f Al c-wrking with humans.(但是，當我們繼續(xù)關注人工智能全面接管人類文學的可能性時，人們對人工智能與人類合作的前景的考慮要少得多。)”可知，人工智能與人類的合作更值得關注，故選C。
22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““Wrdcraft is t sensible. Ww!” Rbin Slan wrte. “But ‘sensible’ is anther wrd fr predictable, verused and bring. My intentin here is t prduce smething unexpected.”(Wrd craft太明智了。哇！但“明智”是可預測、過度使用和無聊的另一個詞。我的目的是創(chuàng)造一些意想不到的東西?！?”可知，Wrdcraft的作品與現(xiàn)存作品有相似之處。故選D。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Their wrk, and that f cuntless ther nvelists, shrt stry writers, dramatists and pets, is t particular, t beautifully unique. Even if a mdel learned what they had dne in the past, it wuld nt be able t predict where their creativity might take them in the future.(他們的作品，以及無數(shù)其他小說家、短篇小說作家、劇作家和詩人的作品，都太過獨特，太過美好。即使一個模型了解了他們過去的行為，它也無法預測他們的創(chuàng)造力在未來會把他們帶到哪里。)”可知，作家們可以通過創(chuàng)作有創(chuàng)意的作品來避免人工智能的威脅，故選C。
24．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Culd the next Ernest Hemingway r Jane Austen be a well-engineered AI sftware prgram? It’s a questin becming increasingly pressing as machine language-learning sftware cntinues t evlve.(下一個Ernest Hemingway或Jane Austen會是一個精心設計的人工智能軟件程序嗎？隨著機器語言學習軟件的不斷發(fā)展，這個問題變得越來越緊迫。)”和第二段的“Much f this is just nerves. Tday’s AI creative writing prgrams are nt yet at a stage f develpment where they pse a serius threat t Clleen Hver r Charles Dickens.(這在很大程度上只是神經(jīng)緊張。今天的人工智能創(chuàng)意寫作程序還沒有發(fā)展到對Clleen Hver或Charles Dickens構成嚴重威脅的階段。)”可知，本文主要探討的是人工智能是否會取代人類的作家，因此最好的題目是A選項“Will AI Replace Human Writers?(人工智能會取代人類作家嗎？)”，故選A。
Passage 7
（2023·北京西城·二模）Faced with an attempt by a new chatbt t imitate (模仿) his wn sngs, the musician Nick Cave delivered a strng respnse: it was “an abslutely hrrible attempt”. He understd that AI was in its babyhd, but culd nly cnclude that the true hrrr might be that “it will frever be in its babyhd”. While a rbt might ne day be able t create a sng, he wrte, it wuld never grw beynd “a kind f burlesque (滑稽的模仿)”, because rbts-being cmpsed f data-are unable t suffer, while sngs arise ut f suffering.
Fans f Cave and his band will agree that his music is inimitable, but that desn’t mean they wuld necessarily be able t tell the difference. A few days befre Cave’s remarks, experts were asked t distinguish between fur genuine artwrks and their AI imitatins. Their cnclusins were wrng five times ut f 12, and they were nly unitedly right in ne f the fur picture cmparisns.
These are party games, but they pint t an unflding challenge that must be managed as a matter f urgency because, like it r nt, AI art is upn us. The arrival f the human-impersnating ChatGPT might have increased general awareness, but artists acrss a wide range f disciplines are already explring its ptential, with the dancer Wayne McGregr and Lndn’s Yung Vic Theatre amng thse wh have created AI-based wrks.
A strngly-wrded reprt frm Cmmunicatins and Digital Cmmittee (CDC) issued a wake-up call t the gvernment, urging it t raise its game in educating future generatins f tech-savvy prfessinals, and tackling key regulatry challenges. These included reviewing refrms t intellectual prperty law, strengthening the rights f perfrmers and artists, and taking actin t supprt the creative sectr in adapting t the disturbances caused by swift and strmy technlgical change.
While develping AI is imprtant, it shuld nt be pursued at all csts, the CDC stressed. It deplred the failure f the Department fr Digital, Culture, and Media t ffer a defence against prpsed changes t intellectual prperty law that wuld give exemptin (版權豁免) t any wrk, anywhere in the wrld, invlving AI text and data mining.
The challenges f AI are bth philsphical, as Cave suggested, and practical. They will unfld ver the shrt and lng term. State-f-the-art creative industries have a key rle t play in shaping and explring the philsphical nes, but they must have the practical help they require t survive and be successful. They need it nw.
25．Why des the authr mentin the fur picture cmparisns in Paragraph 2?
A．T stress the similarities between AI art and human art.
B．T argue that human art will be replaced by AI art.
C．T prve AI is stretching the bundaries f art.
D．T imply AI art cannt be underestimated.
26．What des the underlined wrd “deplred” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Clearly analyzed.B．Bravely suffered.
C．Strngly criticized.D．Accurately perceived.
27．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A．Sme artists see AI as a tl even thugh it is a threat.
B．Creative industries are respnsible fr causing the AI prblem.
C．Tech prfessinals need mre training t better understand AI art.
D．The quality f AI art dismisses cncerns abut intellectual prperty.
28．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．The Creative Thief: AI Makes Perfect Art
B．AI in Art: A Battle That Must Be Fught
C．Threat r Opprtunity: The Impact f AI n Art
D．The Rise f AI Art: What It Means t Human Artists
【答案】25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述一些藝術家對人工智能藝術的看法，并指出人工智能藝術一定會面臨挑戰(zhàn)。
25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“A few days befre Cave’s remarks, experts were asked t distinguish between fur genuine artwrks and their AI imitatins. Their cnclusins were wrng five times ut f 12, and they were nly unitedly right in ne f the fur picture cmparisns. (在凱夫發(fā)表講話前幾天，專家們被要求區(qū)分四件真正的藝術品和它們的人工智能仿制品。他們的結論在12次中有5次是錯誤的，而且他們只在四張圖片的對比中有一張是完全正確的。)”可推斷提到了四幅圖片的比較是說明人工智能藝術不可低估，故選D。
26．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“While develping AI is imprtant, it shuld nt be pursued at all csts, the CDC stressed. (CDC強調(diào)，雖然開發(fā)人工智能很重要，但不應不惜一切代價追求它。)”和畫線單詞所在句子“It deplred the failure f the Department fr Digital, Culture, and Media t ffer a defence (它deplred數(shù)字、文化和媒體部門未能提供辯護)”可知，開發(fā)人工智能很重要，但不應不惜一切代價追求它，這說明CDC對數(shù)字、文化和媒體部門未能提供辯護表示批評，故猜測deplred意思是批評，故選C。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“He understd that AI was in its babyhd, but culd nly cnclude that the true hrrr might be that “it will frever be in its babyhd”. While a rbt might ne day be able t create a sng, he wrte, it wuld never grw beynd “a kind f burlesque (滑稽的模仿)”, because rbts-being cmpsed f data-are unable t suffer, while sngs arise ut f suffering. (他明白人工智能還處于嬰兒期，但他只能得出這樣的結論：真正的恐怖可能是“它將永遠處于嬰兒期”。他寫道，也許有一天機器人能夠創(chuàng)作一首歌，但它永遠不會超越“一種滑稽模仿”，因為機器人是由數(shù)據(jù)組成的，它們無法忍受痛苦，而歌曲是從痛苦中產(chǎn)生的。)”可推斷有些藝術家認為盡管人工智能是一種威脅，但它更是一種工具。故選A。
28．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其最后一段“The challenges f AI are bth philsphical, as Cave suggested, and practical. They will unfld ver the shrt and lng term. State-f-the-art creative industries have a key rle t play in shaping and explring the philsphical nes, but they must have the practical help they require t survive and be successful. They need it nw. (正如凱夫所言，人工智能面臨的挑戰(zhàn)既有哲學層面的，也有實踐層面的。它們將在短期和長期內(nèi)展開。最先進的創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)在塑造和探索哲學產(chǎn)業(yè)方面發(fā)揮著關鍵作用，但它們必須得到生存和成功所需的實際幫助。他們現(xiàn)在就需要。)”可知本文講述的就是人工智能藝術必定要面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)，B選項“藝術中的AI：一場必須進行的戰(zhàn)斗”符合文章主旨，適合做標題，故選B。
Passage 8
（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考三模）What is the biggest bny fish in the wrld? That title belngs t sunfish, which can reach up t ver tw tns. A recently-discvered species f this fish is Mla tecta, which was discvered by Nyegaard, a PhD student in Australia, after a 4-year search.
As part f her PhD research, she analyzed 150 DNA samples frm sunfish ff the cast f Australia and fund that, besides 3 existing species, there is anther that didn’t fit with any knwn species. Actually, this mysterius creature was nt ut f thin air. It was first put n the radar (雷達) in Australian water abut 10 years ag. The researchers at the time had fund genetic evidence f a furth species, but the creature had nt yet been fund.
She and a team f researchers began their searches. They established a netwrk f peple wh culd infrm them whenever a sunfish was fund. Finally, in ne lucky instance they were made aware f fur sunfish that had been washed up n the beach in New Zealand. They immediately flew t take samples. What they cnfirmed is that these sunfish were indeed members f the species they had been searching fr.
“The new species managed t escape discvery fr centuries by ‘hiding’. That is why we named it Mla tecta, meaning ‘hidden’ in Latin,” said Nyegaard.
The team then studied Mla tecta and fund this new species has a slimmer and smther bdy shape than cmmn sunfish, but can still grw t be 2.5 meters lng.
Sunfish aren’t rare, but it’s tricky t study them. They tend t live nly in areas that mst humans dn’t g and they dive hundreds f meters just t feed. While they dn’t need air like sea mammals, they ften surface t sunbathe and invite sea birds t pick the parasites ff their bdies. Nw that researchers have cnfirmed the existence f the furth sunfish, they can rest easy and excitedly learn even mre abut this fish.
29．What des the underlined phrase “ut f thin air” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Unknwn.B．Rare.C．Active.D．Unpredictable.
30．What can we knw abut the team’s searches?
A．They were as smth as expected.
B．Their results were ut f expectatin.
C．They were mainly dne thrugh interviews.
D．They invlved effrts frm nn-prfessinals.
31．What makes it difficult t study sunfish?
A．Their size and shape.B．Their eating habits.
C．Their desire fr sunshine.D．Their habitat and mvements.
32．What is this text mainly abut?
A．The research f a sea animal.B．The discvery f a new species.
C．The characteristics f Mla tecta.D．The difficulty f studying sea animals.
【答案】29．A 30．D 31．D 32．B
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講的是澳大利亞的博士生Nyegaard經(jīng)過4年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了Mla tecta這種新品種的魚。
29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“It was first put n the radar (雷達) in Australian water abut 10 years ag. The researchers at the time had fund genetic evidence f a furth species, but the creature had nt yet been fund.(大約10年前，它首次出現(xiàn)在澳大利亞水域的雷達上。當時，研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了第四種魚的遺傳證據(jù)，但這種生物尚未被發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，這種魚并不是不為人知的，因此劃線短語ut f thin air的意思是“未知的”，和unknwn意思相近，故選A。
30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“They established a netwrk f peple wh culd infrm them whenever a sunfish was fund.(他們建立了一個人際網(wǎng)絡，只要發(fā)現(xiàn)太陽魚，就可以通知他們)”可知，研究小組的搜索涉及非專業(yè)人士的努力。故選D。
31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Sunfish aren’t rare, but it’s tricky t study them. They tend t live nly in areas that mst humans dn’t g and they dive hundreds f meters just t feed. While they dn’t need air like sea mammals, they ften surface t sunbathe and invite sea birds t pick the parasites ff their bdies.(太陽魚并不罕見，但研究它們很棘手。它們往往只生活在大多數(shù)人類不去的地方，它們會潛入數(shù)百米深處覓食。雖然它們不像海洋哺乳動物那樣需要空氣，但它們經(jīng)常浮出水面曬太陽，并邀請海鳥從它們身上叼走寄生蟲)”可知，讓研究太陽魚變得困難的是它們的棲息地和活動。故選D。
32．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“A recently-discvered species f this fish is Mla tecta, which was discvered by Nyegaard, a PhD student in Australia, after a 4-year search.(最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種這種魚是Mla tecta，它是由澳大利亞的博士生Nyegaard經(jīng)過4年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的)”可知，本文主要講的是澳大利亞的博士生Nyegaard經(jīng)過4年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了Mla tecta這種新品種的魚，也就是主要是關于一種新物種的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。
Passage 9
（2023·湖南長沙·長沙市明德中學校考二模）If Egyptian cmics artist and writer Deena Mhamed ever encuntered a genie(精靈), she knws what she’d wish fr. She’d wish fr everyne she lved t live t age 120. And she’d wish fr any bk she ever wanted t read t appear right in frnt f her eyes.
“If I ever cme acrss a genie, I have t be ready,” she says. “They have t be smart wishes.” Wishes are the theme f her first graphic fantasy nvel, Shubeik Lubeik, published this week by Panthen Bks. The bk fllws Shkry, a grcer in Cair, Egypt, as he tries t sell ff three wishes he inherited frm his father. He meets three Egyptians whse lives can be radically transfrmed by the pwer f a wish.
The bk highlights the fantastical — there are dragns, talking dnkeys and a ridiculus scene where smene wishes fr a BMW and gets a ty car. But the stry is als remarkably grunded in the realities f mdern life in Egypt. It tuches n the life f the pr, wh must navigate cmplicated prcesses t get what they need. One character, a pr wman named Aziza, picks up trash, scrubs flrs and wrks numerus jbs t buy a wish — nly t find that befre she can use it, she must register her wish with Egypt’s Ministry f Wishes. When she finally gets in frnt f a gvernment wrker, they assume she has stlen the wish and cnfiscate(沒收)it. Mhamed writes, “What stands between yu and yur wish culd be a gvernment emplyee with paperwrk n the furth flr.”
Mhamed, 28, wh was brn and raised in Cair, said, “It’s just the way I’ve experienced the wrld. S it’s the way I built my wn wrld.” The bk wn the tp prize at the Cair Cmix Festival, an annual cmics cnventin fr cartnists in Egypt and the Middle East.
33．What d we knw abut Shubeik Lubeik?
A．Wishes are the theme f this cmic bk.
B．Mhamed is the main character f the bk.
C．The bk wn the tp prize awarded by Panthen Bks.
D．The bk radically transfrmed the lives f three Egyptians.
34．What wrds can be used t describe the bk?
A．Ridiculus and appealing.B．Fantastical and realistic.
C．Interesting and educatinal.D．Tuching and cmplicated.
35．Why des the writer use the example f Aziza in her nvel2
A．T imply the imprtance f wishes.
B．T shw hw hard-wrking the wman is.
C．T expse the crruptin f the gvernment.
D．T indicate hw cmplicated the gvernment’s wrk is.
36．What is the style f the passage?
A．A nvel.B．A bigraphy.C．A review.D．A guidance.
【答案】33．A 34．B 35．C 36．C
【導語】本文為一篇書評。介紹了埃及青年漫畫作家Deena Mhamed的首部漫畫小說。
33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的信息句“Wishes are the theme f her first graphic fantasy nvel, Shubeik Lubeik, published this week by Panthen Bks.(愿望是她的第一部圖畫奇幻小說《Shubeik Lubeik》的主題，該小說本周由萬神殿圖書出版)”可知，愿望是這本書的主題，故選A項。
34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“The bk highlights the fantastical — there are dragns, talking dnkeys and a ridiculus scene where smene wishes fr a BMW and gets a ty car. But the stry is als remarkably grunded in the realities f mdern life in Egypt. (這本書突出了奇幻——有龍、會說話的驢子和一個荒謬的場景，有人希望得到一輛寶馬并得到一輛玩具車。但這個故事也非?；诎＜艾F(xiàn)代生活的現(xiàn)實)”可知，這本書既充滿了幻想又基于現(xiàn)實生活，故選B項。
35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“It tuches n the life f the pr, wh must navigate cmplicated prcesses t get what they need.”(它觸及了窮人的生活，他們必須經(jīng)歷復雜的過程才能得到他們所需要的東西。)可知，作者舉例是為了揭露政府官僚作風的腐敗，故選C項。
36．推理判斷題。全文介紹了書的作者，主題，故事情節(jié)等，并且對書做出評價。故此可以看出該篇文章的文體是書評，故選C項。
Passage 10
（2023·湖北·校聯(lián)考模擬預測）Scientist Erika Nesvld nce asked a cmpany aiming t mine the mn hw he planned t address risks that mining equipment might carry micrbes (微生物) frm Earth and pllute the mn. The respnse: “We’ll wrry abut that later.”
That’s an irrespnsible mindset when it cmes t preparing fr peple t live and wrk in space, Nesvld argues in her new bk, Off-Earth. “... adpting a ‘wrry abut it later’ me as a path t repeating the tragedies f that histry thrugh ignrance.” Nesvld writes.
Off-Earth is an extensin f her 2017 pdcast (播客), Making New Wrlds, which asked ethical (倫理的) questins abut space settlement. The bk takes sme f the same questins and expands n them.
Mst chapters start with three shrt scenes, usually frm different time perids. A chapter utlining debates ver whether t settle space at all starts by asking the reader t imagine being in the 1600s and deciding t uprt yur family and head t the New Wrld. A chapter n hw land usage and wnership rights might wrk in space imagines a persn recently freed frm slavery in the U. S. Suth in 1865 and wrrying that the new president will take back the land they finally wn. The third scene is usually set in the year 2100, n a space settlement.
Then Nesvld examines hw varius ethical scenaris (場景) related t the chapter’s theme might play ut in space. She qutes experts in fields that dn’t ften cme up in space science: ethics, philsphy, law. This apprach is a departure frm many bks abut the future f life n the final frntier, frcing readers t face hard realities and pssible pints f frictin. T have the best chance f aviding disaster, the time t cnsider thse questins is nw, nt later, even thugh space settlement may be decades r centuries away, Nesvld argues.
Off-Earth shuld be required reading fr anyne wh dreams abut living in space and can help make ur earthbund civilizatins better t.
37．What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 1?
A．T clarify a cncept.B．T intrduce a tpic.
C．T make a predictin.D．T generate a discussin.
38．What set(s) Off-Earth apart frm thers?
A．Its writing style.B．Its text structure.
C．Its stry elements.D．Its writing techniques.
39．What’s Nesvld’s attitude t space settlement?
A．Cautius.B．Unclear.
C．Intlerant.D．Disapprving.
40．What is the text?
A．A shrt stry.B．A news reprt.
C．A bk review.D．A research essay.
【答案】37．B 38．D 39．A 40．C
【導語】本文是一篇書評。文章主要介紹了科學家Nesvld的新書Off-Earth的相關內(nèi)容。
37．推理判斷題。文章第一段講述了一段往事?？茖W家Nesvld詢問一家公司是否擔心開發(fā)月球會導致月球被污染，卻得到不負責任的答復。結合下文對Nesvld的新書Off-Earth的介紹推知，講述這個故事目的是為了引出本篇文章即將要討論的主題。故選B。
38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的“She qutes experts in fields that dn’t ften cme up in space science: ethics, philsphy, law. This apprach is a departure frm many bks abut the future f life n the final frntier, frcing readers t face hard realities and pssible pints f frictin.(她引用了空間科學中不常出現(xiàn)的領域的專家的話：倫理學、哲學、法律。這種方法與許多關于最后邊疆生活未來的書不同，迫使讀者面對嚴峻的現(xiàn)實和可能的摩擦點)”可知，Nevsvld的寫作方式使得這本書和其他同樣話題的書不一樣。故選D。
39．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，Nesvld在書中討論了太空殖民可能碰到的很多問題，再根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的“T have the best chance f aviding disaster, the time t cnsider thse questins is nw, nt later, even thugh space settlement may be decades r centuries away, Nesvld argues.(Nesvld認為，為了有最好的機會避免災難，考慮這些問題的時候是現(xiàn)在，而不是以后，盡管太空解決方案可能需要幾十年或幾個世紀的時間)”可知，Nesvld并不反對太空殖民，但是他對此卻非常小心謹慎，認為要避免重復歷史的悲劇。故選A。
40．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者介紹了Nesvld的一本書，以及其在書中呈現(xiàn)的觀點。根據(jù)最后一段“Off-Earth shuld be required reading fr anyne wh dreams abut living in space and can help make ur earthbund civilizatins better t.(任何夢想在太空生活的人都應該閱讀Off-Earth，這也有助于讓我們的地球文明變得更好)”可知，作者還向人們推薦了這本書。由此推知，這是一篇書評。故選C。

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