
考試時(shí)間:120分鐘,滿分120分
注意事項(xiàng):
1.答題前,先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上,并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。
2.選擇題的作答:每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑,寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。
3.非選擇題的作答:用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。
4.考試結(jié)束后,請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。
第一部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié);滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),寫在答題卡上。
A
Fur mst beautiful villages in Italy
Alberbell
Set in the area f Puglia, clse t the castal twn f Bari, this village is famus fr its beautiful trulli, which are cnical rf structures made withut any mrtar. The large amunt f trulli makes Alberbell truly unique. Yu can even stay in ne f these huses when visiting the village.
Menaggi
Set in the prvince f Cm, right n the western shre f Lake Cm, the area is frequently visited fr its Menaggi and Cadenabbia Glf Club funded in 1907. This beautiful village still keeps its ld attractiveness, with beautiful surrundings that culd be enjyed frm ne f the many waterfrnt balcnies.
Matera
Matera is in the area f Basilicata. Knwn as the city f stnes, Matera is ne f the mst ancient and unique twns in the wrld, having sme f the earliest examples f huses carved in the rck. It’s mre a village than a twn thugh, and there are churches in the caves fund here. In the surrunding Apulia area, yu can als find ther medieval churches like the Matera Cathedral r the San Pietr Caves.
Prtfin
The harbr village f Prtfin, set in the prvince f Gena, ffers access t several czy beaches nearby, which is why this medieval village has been transfrmed int a pretty vacatin site. Having anything frm ld landmarks t designer stres, this village is the perfect place t enjy the finest things in life. Yu culd als visit an underwater statue f Christ.
1. What is Alberbell nted fr?
A. Trulli.B. Czy beaches.
C. Huses carved in the rck.D. Medieval churches.
2. What is the main attractin f Menaggi?
A. Lake Cm.B. Glf Club.
C. Waterfrnt balcnies.D. An underwater statue f Christ.
3. Where is the city f stnes?
A. In Puglia.B. In Cm.C. In Basilicata.D. In Gena.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向我們介紹了意大利四個(gè)美麗的村莊。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Set in the area f Puglia, clse t the castal twn f Bari, this village is famus fr its beautiful trulli, which are cnical rf structures made withut any mrtar.(這個(gè)村莊位于普利亞地區(qū),靠近沿海城鎮(zhèn)巴里,以其美麗的trulli而聞名,這是一種不使用任何砂漿制作的錐形屋頂結(jié)構(gòu))”可知,Alberbell以trulli聞名。故選A。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Set in the prvince f Cm, right n the western shre f Lake Cm, the area is frequently visited fr its Menaggi and Cadenabbia Glf Club funded in 1907.(坐落在科莫省,就在科莫湖的西海岸,該地區(qū)經(jīng)常因?yàn)?907年成立的Menaggi和Cadenabbia高爾夫俱樂部而被參觀)”可知,Menaggi最吸引人的地方是高爾夫俱樂部。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Matera is in the area f Basilicata. Knwn as the city f stnes, Matera is ne f the mst ancient and unique twns in the wrld, having sme f the earliest examples f huses carved in the rck.(馬泰拉位于Basilicata地區(qū)。馬泰拉被稱為石頭之城,是世界上最古老和獨(dú)特的城鎮(zhèn)之一,有一些最早的巖石雕刻房屋的例子)”可知,石頭之城在Basilicata。故選C。
B
My interest in cnquering the Seven Summits first began after I climbed Kilimanjar in 1999. Back then at the age f 18, I never saw climbing all the Seven Summits as a realistic gal, but I certainly thught it wuld be fun t try t d sme f the easier nes.
Fur years later, I gt a new jb and I fund myself cnsidering Mt. Elbrus. What inspired me abut this trip was nt necessarily Mt. Elbrus itself, but that the Caucasus regin had several tiny cuntries that I culd easily backpack in a single trip. T me, Elbrus wuld simply be an added bnus. Since the climb wuld nly take a week, it left me with plenty f explring time fr ther cuntries. In the summer f 2006, I was able t get the time I needed ff and had a successful climb f Mt. Elbrus.
A year later in 2007, I nticed that I began t think abut Cerr Acncagua a lt, and even dream abut it. My desire t try anther ne f the Seven Summits began t get s strng that I wrried I might start lsing sleep at night. Finally I talked t my bss Tm wh was surprisingly supprtive and helped give me the time ff I wuld need fr Acncagua.
In February 2008, I had a successful experience and climbed the secnd highest f the Seven Summits. I smehw devted myself t training several days a week, and tk climbing curses. In June 2009, I climbed what I nce thught was impssible, Denali, the secnd hardest f the Seven Summits. In 2011, I cntinued twards my dream by reaching the tp f Oceania after cnquering Carstensz Pyramid. At this pint, there is n dubt that I am able t climb Mt. Vinsn Massif s my nly unknwn is Mt. Everest. I’d like t try Vinsn Massif next.
4. When did the authr climb Kilimanjar successfully?
A. In 1999.B. In 2003.C. In 2006.D. In 2007.
5. Which muntain is the secnd highest f the Seven Summits?
A. Kilimanjar.B. Mt. Elbrus.C. Cerr Acncagua.D. Denali.
6. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr?
A. Devted and humrus.B. Talented and clever.
C. Stubbrn and demanding.D. Brave and successful.
7. What des the authr want t tell us?
A. The early bird catches the wrm.
B. Difficult the first time, easy the secnd.
C. Nthing is impssible t a determined heart.
D. Preparedness ensures success, unpreparedness spells failure.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者向我們講述了他征服世界七大山峰中的五座并打算繼續(xù)攀登的故事。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“My interest in cnquering the Seven Summits first began after I climbed Kilimanjar in 1999. (1999年,我登上了乞力馬扎羅山)”可知,作者在1999年成功攀登乞力馬扎羅山。故選A。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“A year later in 2007, I nticed that I began t think abut Cerr Acncagua a lt, and even dream abut it. My desire t try anther ne f the Seven Summits began t get s strng that I wrried I might start lsing sleep at night. Finally I talked t my bss Tm wh was surprisingly supprtive and helped give me the time ff I wuld need fr Acncagua.(一年后的2007年,我注意到我開始經(jīng)常想起塞羅·阿空加瓜山,甚至夢到它。我想再試一次的愿望開始變得如此強(qiáng)烈,以至于我擔(dān)心我可能會在晚上失眠。最后,我和我的老板湯姆談了談,他非常支持我,并給了我去阿空加瓜旅行所需的時(shí)間)”及第四段中“In February 2008, I had a successful experience and climbed the secnd highest f the Seven Summits. (2008年2月,我有了一次成功的經(jīng)歷,登上了七座高峰的第二高峰)”可知,七峰中第二高的山是阿空加瓜山丘。故選C。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“In February 2008, I had a successful experience and climbed the secnd highest f the Seven Summits.( 2008年2月,我有了一次成功的經(jīng)歷,登上了七座高峰的第二高峰)”結(jié)合作者已經(jīng)征服了五大山峰,說明他很勇敢,并且也是成功的。故選D。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“In June 2009, I climbed what I nce thught was impssible, Denali, the secnd hardest f the Seven Summits. In 2011, I cntinued twards my dream by reaching the tp f Oceania after cnquering Carstensz Pyramid. At this pint, there is n dubt that I am able t climb Mt. Vinsn Massif s my nly unknwn is Mt. Everest.(2009年6月,我攀登了我曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為不可能的德納里峰,它是七峰中第二難的山峰。2011年,我在征服了Carstensz金字塔之后,繼續(xù)朝著我的夢想前進(jìn),登上了大洋洲的頂峰。在這一點(diǎn)上,毫無疑問我能爬上文森山,所以我唯一不知道的是珠穆朗瑪峰)”結(jié)合登山是非常危險(xiǎn)和需要技能和體力的事情,在登山的過程中會遇到很多困難和危險(xiǎn)。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷告訴我們:對一顆堅(jiān)定的心來說,沒有什么是不可能的。故選C。
C
"Hell!" Yu type int the chat bx. There's a slight feeling f excitement flwing thrugh yur fingers, and yu can't wait fr a reply. Yu think, "There's prbably nthing mre exciting than this."
With cmmunicatin frm all crners f the wrld pssible at the ease f yur fingers, we are nw witness t an advanced frm f the hand shake and physical cnversatins: nline friendships.
Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. And thugh sme parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right nw, mre than half f the yuth have admitted t making their friends nline and a gd majrity regularly text them.
Thugh the statistics are daunting, we hpe, we haven't scared yu ff! Researchers actually fund that pursuing nline friendships culd be beneficial. Penn State University reprted that this was especially the case fr thse with scial anxiety, as they might frm a strnger cmfrt bnd with their peers thrugh the screen rather than a face-t-face meeting.
Additinally, nline interactin may increase yur self-cnfidence. In ur current situatin f islatin, perhaps that perfect cnnectin frm the safety f ur hmes is all it takes t make things just a little mre bearable.
In the end, it all depends n yu. Whether r nt yur search fr a friend bears fruit lies in yur apprach, and thugh I'm nt a great relatinship master, I have sme tips that will aid yu in yur explratin fr the "BFF" f yur dreams.
8. What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A. The yuth ften meet nline friends in reality.
B. Mst Internet users like texting t their nline friends.
C. Many parents like biting fingernails when wrried.
D. Mst yung adults lack awareness f Internet safety.
9. Which can replace the underlined wrd "daunting" in Paragraph 4?
A. Disappinting.B. Misleading.C. Frightening.D. Dissatisfying.
10. What's the authr's attitude t making friends n the Internet?
A. Objective.B. Supprtive.C. Negative.D. Unclear.
11. What d yu think the text will talk abut next?
A. Hw t get n well with nline friends.B. Hw t find nline best friends.
C. Hw t keep in tuch with nline friends.D. Hw t benefit frm dream nline friends.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過場景描寫引入本文話題——網(wǎng)上交友。首先陳述了很多年輕人網(wǎng)上交友的現(xiàn)狀以及家長對此的擔(dān)憂,然后通過一個(gè)研究證明,網(wǎng)上交友也是有益的。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示,令人擔(dān)憂的是,近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息,其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息,58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)心的)”可推斷,大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識。故選D。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示,令人擔(dān)憂的是,近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息,其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息,58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)心的)”以及畫線詞后文“we hpe, we haven't scared yu ff! (我們希望我們沒有把你嚇跑)”可知,數(shù)據(jù)表明大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識,可見這些數(shù)據(jù)是令人害怕的。A. Disappinting.令人失望的;B. Misleading.誤導(dǎo)的;C. Frightening.令人害怕的;D. Dissatisfying.令人不滿意的。故選C。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示,令人擔(dān)憂的是,近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息,其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息,58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)心的)”以及第四段中“Researchers actually fund that pursuing nline friendships culd be beneficial. Penn State University reprted that this was especially the case fr thse with scial anxiety, as they might frm a strnger cmfrt bnd with their peers thrugh the screen rather than a face-t-face meeting.(研究人員實(shí)際上發(fā)現(xiàn),追求網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼可能是有益的。賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)報(bào)告稱,這對那些有社交焦慮的人來說尤其如此,因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙ㄟ^屏幕與同齡人形成更強(qiáng)的舒適聯(lián)系,而不是面對面的見面)”以及通讀全文可知,文章介紹了網(wǎng)上交友的缺點(diǎn)和優(yōu)點(diǎn),表述客觀,無明顯個(gè)人情感傾向,所以是客觀的。故選A。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whether r nt yur search fr a friend bears fruit lies in yur apprach, and thugh I'm nt a great relatinship master, I have sme tips that will aid yu in yur explratin fr the "BFF" f yur dreams. (你尋找朋友的過程是否有結(jié)果取決于你的方法,雖然我不是一個(gè)很好的人際關(guān)系專家,但我有一些建議可以幫助你探索你夢想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知,文章接下來會給出一些關(guān)于如何在網(wǎng)上找好朋友的建議。故選B。
D
An innvative agriculture startup plans t pen an indr vertical farm in Cmptn t help bring fresh prduce t the Califrnia city.
Plenty, the cmpany behind the prject, said it will cndense(壓縮) 700 acres f farmland int a 95,000 square ft warehuse in Ls Angeles Cunty, where fd-bearing plants will grw vertically and in abundance. The Cmptn site will be the cmpany’s secnd and largest vertical farm. Plenty pened its first vertical farm in San Francisc in 2018, and keeps a research and develpment farm in Laramie, Wyming.
By building farms vertically, Plenty said it is able t grw healthy, quality prduce withut harming the envirnment. The unique layut will als make it pssible t establish farms in urban areas, where land resurces are limited and fd insecurity is widespread.
Plenty uses a range f technlgies t realize its gal f mre prductive and Earth-friendly farming — including vertical plant twers, LED lighting and rbts t plant, feed and harvest crps. “The farms are able t grw plants faster, with greater nutritinal density(密度), and withut the help f pesticides,” the cmpany said. T create them, the cmpany said it des nt clear lands r pllute grunds, and nly uses a small part f the water that traditinal farming requires.
“It’s gd fr the envirnment,” said Shireen Santsham, Plenty’s head f strategic initiatives. “Eighty t ninety percent f water used arund the wrld is fr agriculture. Because we grw ur plants using precise nutrient recipes, we can use a very small amunt f water.”
Traditinal farms are usually nly able t harvest crps a few times a year. But because Plenty’s farms are free f limitatins like seasnal and weather changes, harmful pests and natural disasters, they can prduce fd all year lng.
The cmpany said it als priritizes health and cleanliness. Its crps are grwn in clean envirnments, where staff dress in full persnal prtective equipment and rbts d much f the picking. The first time prduce is tuched by bare hands is when a cnsumer pens a fd package at hme. Plenty said it’s all part f its missin “t imprve the lives f Plants, Peple and ur Planet.”
12. Where did Plenty pen its first vertical farm?
A. In Califrnia.B. In Ls Angeles.C. In Laramie.D. In San Francisc.
13. What can we knw abut the cmpany Plenty?
A. It is similar t traditinal farms.
B. Its farms are influenced by weather.
C. It uses less water t grw crps year-rund.
D. It kills harmful pests with the help f pesticides.
14. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Plenty’s prduce are safe t eat.
B. Rbts d all f the picking n the farm.
C. Plenty’s prduce are ppular with cnsumers.
D. The prduce is delivered directly t cnsumers’ hme.
15. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. The Necessity f Develping Vertical Agriculture
B. Hw t Grw Healthy and Fresh Prduce in Urban Cities
C. A Vertical Farm Aims t Bring Fresh Prduce t Cmptn
D. Plenty's Task Is t Imprve the Lives f Plants and Peple
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一家旨在為康普頓地區(qū)的人們帶來新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的垂直農(nóng)場,包括垂直農(nóng)場的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢。
【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Plenty pened its first vertical fam in San Francisc in 2018”(2018年P(guān)lenty在舊金山開設(shè)了第一個(gè)垂直農(nóng)場)可知,Plenty在舊金山開設(shè)了第一個(gè)垂直農(nóng)場,故選D。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Because we grw ur plants using precise nutrient recipes, we can use a very small amunt f water”(因?yàn)槲覀冇镁_的營養(yǎng)配方種植植物,我們用的水量很少)及第六段“they can prduce fd all year lng”(它們一年到頭都能生產(chǎn)食物)可知,關(guān)于Plenty公司,我們可以知道的是,它全年用較少的水來種植莊稼,故選C。
3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The cmpany said it als priritizes health and cleanliness. Its crps are grwn in clean envirnments, where staff dress in full persnal prtective equipment and rbts d much f the picking. The first time prduce is tuched by bare hands is when a cnsumer pens a fd package at hme. Plenty said it's all part f its missin “t imprve the lives f Plants, Peple and ur Planet.””(該公司表示,它還將健康和清潔作為首要任務(wù)。它的農(nóng)作物生長在干凈的環(huán)境中,工作人員穿著全套個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備,機(jī)器人負(fù)責(zé)大部分的采摘工作。當(dāng)消費(fèi)者在家里打開食品包裝時(shí),那是他們第一次用手接觸到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。Plenty說“這是它使命的一部分”——來改善植物,人類和我們星球的生活”)可知,最后一段主要描述了Plenty這家公司的生產(chǎn)種植過程是安全的,所以可以推斷出,它的產(chǎn)品可以放心食用的。故選A。
4.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了一家旨在為康普頓地區(qū)的人們帶來新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的垂直農(nóng)場。所以C選項(xiàng)“A Vertical Farm Aims t Bring Fresh Prduce t Cmptn”(一個(gè)旨在把新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品帶到康普頓的垂直農(nóng)場)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題,故選C。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的(A、B、C、D、E、F、G)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。將答案寫在答題卡上。
Life cmes in a package. This package includes happiness and srrw, success and failure, hpe and despair (絕望). Life is a learning prcess. ____16____With each passing day we learn t handle varius situatins.
Lve
Lve plays a key rle in ur life. Lve makes yu feel needed. Withut lve a persn culd die and als becme cruel and angry. In the early stage f ur life, ur parents are the nes wh shwer us with uncnditinal lve and care, and they teach us abut what is right and wrng, gd and bad. ____17____ .
Happiness and Srrw
Materialistic happiness is shrt-lived,but happiness achieved by bringing smiles n thers,faces gives a certain level f fulfillment (滿足感).____18____N mind is happy withut peace.
Success and Failure
Failure is the path t success. It helps us t tuch the sky, teaches us t survive (生存) and shws us a specific way. Success brings in mney, fame, pride and self-respect.
____19____
Hpe is what keeps life ging. Parents always hpe their children will d well. Hpe makes us dream. Hpe builds in patience. Life teaches us nt t despair even in the darkest hur, because after every night there is a day. Nthing remains the same. We have nly ne chice — keep mving n in life and be hpeful.
Life teaches us nt t regret ver yesterday, fr it has passed and is beynd ur cntrl. Tmrrw is unknwn, fr it culd either be bright r dull. ____20____ .
A. Lve and Care
B. Hpe and Despair
C. But we always take this fr granted
D. Success is a cnstant theme f humankind
E. Peace f mind is the main link t happiness
F. Experiences in life teach us new lessns and make us a better persn
G. S the nly chice is t wrk hard tday, s that we will enjy a better tmrrw
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,介紹人生中可能會遇到的一些問題:愛、幸福與悲傷、成功與失敗、希望與絕望。
【16題詳解】
由上文中的“Life is a learning prcess.(生活是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的過程)”可知,本句應(yīng)當(dāng)承接上文說明生活教會了我們什么。故F項(xiàng)“人生經(jīng)歷教給我們新的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并讓我們成為更好的人”符合語境。故選F。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Lve plays a key rle in ur life. Lve makes yu feel needed. Withut lve a persn culd die and als becme cruel and angry. In the early stage f ur life, ur parents are the nes wh shwer us with uncnditinal lve and care, and they teach us abut what is right and wrng, gd and bad.(愛在我們的生活中扮演著關(guān)鍵的角色。愛讓你感到被需要。沒有愛,一個(gè)人可能會死去,也會變得殘忍和憤怒。在我們最初的人生道路上,我們的父母給予了我們無條件的關(guān)愛,他們教會我們判斷正確與錯(cuò)誤、好與壞)”本段主要談?wù)搻圻@個(gè)話題,空前講到了父母給我們無條件的愛,他們教我們懂得什么是是非和善惡,C項(xiàng)“但是我們總是認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的”承接上文。故選C。
【18題詳解】
由下文中的“N mind is happy withut peace.(沒有平靜的心靈是快樂的)”可知,此處論述了幸福與心理平靜的關(guān)系。故E項(xiàng)“心靈的平靜是通向幸福的主要途徑”符合語境。故選E。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Hpe is what keeps life ging. Parents always hpe their children will d well. Hpe makes us dream. Hpe builds in patience. Life teaches us nt t despair even in the darkest hur, because after every night there is a day. Nthing remains the same. We have nly ne chice — keep mving n in life and be hpeful.(希望是生活的動(dòng)力。父母總是希望他們的孩子做得好。希望使我們有夢想。希望使人有耐心。人生教會我們即使在最困難的時(shí)候也不要絕望,因?yàn)楹诎抵蠼K將是黎明。沒有什么是一成不變的。我們只有一個(gè)選擇——繼續(xù)生活,充滿希望)”可知,本段的話題是希望和絕望。故B選項(xiàng)“希望和絕望”符合語境,故選B。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Life teaches us nt t regret ver yesterday, fr it has passed and is beynd ur cntrl. Tmrrw is unknwn, fr it culd either be bright r dull.(人生教會我們不要對過去事感到后悔,因?yàn)檫^去的已經(jīng)過去了,我們無法控制。明天是未知的,因?yàn)樗赡苁枪饷鞯模部赡苁前档?”可知,上文提到了不要對昨天感到遺憾,因?yàn)樽蛱煲咽?,而明天是未知的,說明要認(rèn)真對待當(dāng)下。故選G項(xiàng)“所以,唯一的選擇就是在今天努力工作,這樣我們才能去享受更美好的明天”,承接上文。故選G。
第二部分 語言知識與運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié);滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15 小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A, B, C, D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),將答案寫在答題卡上。
Ever since I was 13 years ld, I wanted t be a phtgrapher. I had a(n) ___21___ f wrking fr sme magazines, which wuld allw me t travel arund the wrld t ___22___ the right picture.
After leaving high schl, I ___23___in phtgraphy in the University f the Arts. Hwever, I kept reflecting n my ___24___thugh I learnt a lt in my freshman year. There was nthing___25___ with the schl, but it was nt___26___fr me.
I___27___my high schl phtgraphy teacher and culdn’t help but envy his wrk. Such a feeling made me knw teaching students hw t ___28___their full ptential in their artwrk was what I wanted. And___29___, I wanted t be invlved in a ____30____that made me feel like I was actually making sme____31____in the cmmunity.
I decided t transfer (轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)) t Buffal State Cllege. When I was in class, I always ____32____myself with what I was learning. Then, during my first n-site teaching lessn at a middle schl, it ____33____me that this was what I wuld want t d fr the rest f my life, and I ____34____ lved it. Nw, as I’m finishing my senir year, I’m happy that I came t such a ____35____ in my life. I believe this is just the ne fr me.
21. A. chanceB. dreamC. experienceD. freedm
22. A. acquireB. sptC. fferD. assess
23. A. jinedB. succeededC. tkD. majred
24. A. cmpetenceB. chiceC. lifeD. prfessin
25. A. valuableB. specialC. wrngD. unusual
26. A. pleasantB. suitableC. acceptableD. practical
27. A. relied nB. heard fC. referred tD. thught f
28. A. findB. strengthenC. adptD. realize.
29. A. abve allB. at lastC. in generalD. after all
30. A. stageB. jbC. dutyD. respnsibility
31. A. differenceB. impressinC. sacrificeD. explratin
32. A. amusedB. assciatedC. cncernedD. helped
33. A. astnishedB. infrmedC. inspiredD. struck
34. A. abslutelyB. naturallyC. eventuallyD. gradually
35. A. cnclusinB. cntentC. decisinD. sense
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者從小夢想成為攝影師,但在藝術(shù)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)攝影時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不喜歡這個(gè)專業(yè)。當(dāng)想到自己的高中老師后,作者認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該從事能為社區(qū)帶來影響到工作,于是決定轉(zhuǎn)學(xué),并在第一次現(xiàn)場教學(xué)課中意識到當(dāng)老師就是自己余生想要從事的事業(yè)。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我有一個(gè)夢想,想為一些雜志工作,這樣我就可以周游世界,獲得真實(shí)的照片。A. chance機(jī)會;B. dream夢想;C. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn);D. freedm自由。根據(jù)上文“Ever since I was 13 years ld, I wanted t be a phtgrapher.”推知,為一些雜志工作是作者夢想的工作。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. acquire獲得;B. spt看見,發(fā)現(xiàn);C. ffer提供;D. assess評價(jià)。根據(jù)“which wuld allw me t travel arund the wrld”可知,去世界各地可以讓作者獲得真實(shí)的照片。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:高中畢業(yè)后,我在藝術(shù)大學(xué)主修攝影。A. jined加入;B. succeeded成功;C. tk拿;D. majred主修。根據(jù)“in the University f the Arts.”可知,此處是指在大學(xué)主修攝影。故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,我不斷反思自己的選擇,盡管我在大一學(xué)到了很多。A. cmpetence競爭力;B. chice選擇;C. life生活;D. prfessin專業(yè)。根據(jù)下文“I decided t transfer (轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)) t Buffal State Cllege.”推知,盡管大一學(xué)到了不少,但作者一直懷疑自己的選擇。故選B。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這所學(xué)校沒有錯(cuò),但不適合我。A. valuable珍貴的;B. special特別的;C. wrng錯(cuò)誤的;D. unusual不尋常的。根據(jù)“but it was nt___6___fr me.”推知,作者認(rèn)為懷疑自己選擇的原因不在于學(xué)校,即學(xué)校沒錯(cuò)。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. pleasant令人愉快的;B. suitable適合的;C. acceptable可接受的;D. practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)下文“I decided t transfer (轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)) t Buffal State Cllege.”可知,作者認(rèn)為學(xué)校不適合自己。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我想起了我的高中攝影老師,不禁羨慕他的工作。A. relied n依靠;B. heard f聽說;C. referred t指的是;D. thught f想起。根據(jù)“and culdn’t help but envy his wrk.”可知,作者想起了自己的高中老師。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這樣的感覺讓我知道,教學(xué)生如何在他們的作品中實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的全部潛力是我想要的。A. find發(fā)現(xiàn);B. strengthen加強(qiáng);C. adpt采納;D. realize實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“their full ptential in their artwrk”可知,此處是指教學(xué)生通過作品來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的全部潛力。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意:最重要的是,我想?yún)⑴c一份工作,讓我覺得自己在社區(qū)里確實(shí)有所影響。A. abve all最重要的是;B. at last最終;C. in general大體上;D. after all畢竟。根據(jù)下文“I wanted t be invlved in a ___10___that made me feel like I was actually making sme___11___in the cmmunity.”推知,作者想要成為教師最重要的原因是想對所在的社區(qū)有所作為,帶來積極的影響。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. stage舞臺;B. jb工作;C. duty職責(zé);D. respnsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)下文“Then, during my first n-site teaching lessn at a middle schl”可知,此處指是一個(gè)能給社區(qū)帶來影響的工作。且上文“I___7___my high schl phtgraphy teacher and culdn’t help but envy his wrk.”也是提示。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. difference不同;B. impressin印象;C. sacrifice犧牲;D. explratin探索。根據(jù)上文“teaching students hw t ___8___their full ptential in their artwrk”推知,作者想成為一名教師,給自己所在社區(qū)帶來影響,就像自己的高中老師那樣。make a difference“有影響”。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:上課時(shí),我總是關(guān)心自己在學(xué)什么。A. amused使……快樂;B. assciated聯(lián)合;C. cncerned關(guān)心;D. helped幫助。結(jié)合上文作者轉(zhuǎn)到了自己喜歡的學(xué)校和專業(yè)可知,上課肯定就很用心,總是關(guān)心自己在學(xué)什么。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后,在一所中學(xué)的第一堂現(xiàn)場教學(xué)課上,我突然意識到這是我余生想做的事,我非常喜歡它。A. astnished使……震驚;B. infrmed通知;C. inspired啟發(fā);D. struck突然想起。根據(jù)“this was what I wuld want t d fr the rest f my life”可知,作者通過一堂現(xiàn)場教學(xué)課,突然想到了到老師就是自己余生想要做的事情。It strikes sb. that“某人突然想起/意識到”。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. abslutely極其;B. naturally自然而然地;C. eventually最終;D. gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)“this was what I wuld want t d fr the rest f my life,”推知,作者非常喜歡教師的工作。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:現(xiàn)在,在我即將結(jié)束大四的時(shí)候,我很高興我能在生活中做出這樣的決定。A. cnclusin總結(jié);B. cntent內(nèi)容;C. decisin決定;D. sense感覺。根據(jù)上文“it ___13___me that this was what I wuld want t d fr the rest f my life”可知,作者做出了成為教師的決定,并且很高興自己能這樣做。故選C。
第二節(jié) 語篇填空(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,并將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Arund the wrld, malnutritin (營養(yǎng)不良) has becme a prblem that csts $3.5 trillin per year, accrding t the latest Glbal Nutritin Reprt,___36___gives an analysis f fd and nutritin issues each year.
Althugh mst cuntries have fallen shrt in their effrts___37___(deal) with pr nutritin and fd insecurity, the US appears t be badly ff track, the reprt fund. The wrld’s___38___(large) ecnmy cntinues t suffer frm high rates f besity, diabetes and anemia (貧血), accrding t the data and has mre than a millin verweight children.
“Malnutritin is respnsible fr mre ill-health___39___any ther cause.___40___health cnsequences f verweight and besity cntribute t fur millin deaths___41___(glbe).” Crinna Hawkes, directr f the Center fr Fd Plicy,___42___(write) in the reprt.
Accrding t the study, mst cuntries have at least tw issues related t malnutritin. The mst serius issues are children wh are either verweight, anemic,___43___suffer frm undevelped grwth. Overall, malnutritin cntributes t abut half f all childhd deaths the research shwed. And thse___44___(affect) may nt be able t get as gd a jb as they culd have, if they had been fed well. It als prevents them___45___(be) able t cntribute t sciety, and the ecnmy, as well as they wuld have in a healthier envirnment.
【答案】36. which
37. t deal
38. largest
39. than 40. The
41. glbally
42 wrte 43. r
44. affected
45. being
【解析】
【分析】本文為說明文。根據(jù)最新的全球營養(yǎng)報(bào)告,在世界各地,營養(yǎng)不良已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)每年花費(fèi)3.5萬億美元的問題。大多數(shù)國家至少有兩個(gè)與營養(yǎng)不良有關(guān)的問題。最嚴(yán)重的問題是超重、貧血、發(fā)育不完全的兒童。文章介紹了營養(yǎng)不良這一現(xiàn)象及影響。
【36題詳解】
考查定語從句。此處為非限定性定語從句,先行詞是Glbal Nutritin Reprt,關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【37題詳解】
考查不定式。句意:報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),盡管大多數(shù)國家在應(yīng)對營養(yǎng)不良和糧食不安全方面的努力都有所欠缺,但美國似乎嚴(yán)重偏離了軌道。effrt表示做某事的努力,后通常接不定式。故填t deal。
【38題詳解】
考查形容詞最高級。句意:數(shù)據(jù)顯示,世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體繼續(xù)遭受著高肥胖率、糖尿病和貧血的困擾,并且有100多萬超重兒童。根據(jù)常識可知,美國是世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體,此處應(yīng)使用形容詞最高級。故填largest。
【39題詳解】
考查介詞。句意:營養(yǎng)不良造成的健康問題比任何其他原因都要多。根據(jù)句意及空前mre可知,此處應(yīng)使用介詞than。故填than。
【40題詳解】
考查冠詞。此處特指“超重和肥胖健康后果”,應(yīng)使用定冠詞。故填The。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞。句意:超重和肥胖的健康后果造成全球四百萬人死亡。此處修飾整句話的內(nèi)容,應(yīng)使用副詞。故填glbally。
【42題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:食品政策中心主任科琳娜·霍克斯在報(bào)告中寫道。根據(jù)句意,此處描述的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)。故填wrte。
【43題詳解】
考查并列連詞。句意:最嚴(yán)重的問題是兒童超重、貧血或發(fā)育不良。r“或者”。故填r。
【44題詳解】
考查過去分詞。句意:那些被影響的人可能無法得到他們本可以得到的好工作。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)使用過去分詞做定語,意為“那些被影響的人”。故填affected。
【45題詳解】
考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:這也阻礙了他們對社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)做出貢獻(xiàn)。固定短語:prevent sb. ding sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填being。
第三部分 詞匯&寫作 (共兩節(jié);滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫 (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分) 根據(jù)句子的意思和括號里的中文提示,寫出下列的單詞的正確形式,每空限填一詞,并把答案寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。
46. The mnument, which____________(組成) f a circle f huge stnes, is abut 5, 300 years ld. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】cnsists
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:這座紀(jì)念碑由一圈巨大的石頭組成,大約有5300年的歷史。分析句子,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,句中描述的是客觀事實(shí),故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),which指代前文的mnument為單數(shù)。故謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)。根據(jù)漢語提示,故填cnsists。
47. As an abslute ________ (最少量), yu shuld spend tw hurs in the evening studying. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】minimum
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意:作為絕對最低限度,你應(yīng)該在晚上花兩個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)。表示“最少量”作介詞as的賓語應(yīng)用名詞minimum。故填minimum。
48. Beijing Language and Culture University is_________________ (理想的) fr yu t learn Chinese culture(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】ideal
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:北京語言大學(xué)是你學(xué)習(xí)中國文化的理想之選。根據(jù)漢語提示和句意,ideal意為“理想的”,作系動(dòng)詞be的表語,故填ideal。
49. The UN meeting will ________(突出,強(qiáng)調(diào)) the imprtance f setting targets fr prgress. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】highlight
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:聯(lián)合國會議將強(qiáng)調(diào)制定進(jìn)展目標(biāo)的重要性。根據(jù)漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞highlight,作謂語,結(jié)合will可知為一般將來時(shí)。故填highlight。
50. Mr. Hunter is very much interested in cllecting ________(古董). (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】antiques
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意:亨特先生對收藏古董非常感興趣。句中用名詞作賓語。名詞antique為可數(shù)名詞,前無冠詞,所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。根據(jù)漢語提示及句意,故填antiques。
51. The church in Ireland has always exercised an ________(令人驚嘆的) pwer. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】awesme
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:愛爾蘭的教會一直行使著令人敬畏的權(quán)力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空前是冠詞,空后是名詞,所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語,根據(jù)所給中文提示詞,應(yīng)是awesme意為“令人驚嘆的”。故填awesme。
52. Thusands f earthquake___________(受害者) are still waiting t be rescued. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】victims
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:成千上萬的地震受害者仍在等待救援。表示“受害者”應(yīng)用名詞victim,根據(jù)句中Thusands f可知,此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填victims。
53. By the time the __________ (救護(hù)車) arrived he was uncnscius. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】ambulance
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意:救護(hù)車到達(dá)時(shí),他已經(jīng)昏迷了。根據(jù)漢語提示“救護(hù)車”可知,空格處涉及單詞“ambulance”,意為“救護(hù)車”,為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)句中定冠詞“the”可知,此處特指來的那一輛救護(hù)車,應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填ambulance。
54. We had t ________(中斷) ur trip when we heard Jhn’s mther was ill. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】interrupt
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:聽說約翰的母親病了,我們只好中斷旅行。had t不得不,后接動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)漢語提示及句意,故填interrupt。
55. My sister ________(大聲叫) with excitement as I tld her f my secret plans. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】screamed
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)我告訴妹妹我的秘密計(jì)劃時(shí),她興奮地尖叫起來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句是as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,主句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞,所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)所給中文提示詞,應(yīng)是scream意為“尖叫”,再根據(jù)后文的tld可知,應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。故填screamed。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(共1題,滿分20分)
56. 假如你是中學(xué)生李華,請你給某報(bào)社編輯寫一封信,指出健康的重要性,并針對“如何保持健康”給出自己的建議。信的內(nèi)容需包含以下信息:
1. 健康的重要性;
2. 給出健康的方法,如:避免含糖高、脂肪高的食物;摒棄不良習(xí)慣;多鍛煉等。
注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】經(jīng)典范文
Dear Editr,
Fitness is far mre imprtant than anything else. Hw can we keep healthy? Here are sme suggestins.
Firstly, we shuld keep a balanced diet, which is gd t ur health. We shuld try t cut ut fds cntaining lts f sugar and fat. What’s mre, we have t quit thse bad habits that damage ur health. Last but nt least, we shuld wrk ut every day t reduce stress. Knwing nt healthy enugh, we shuld try t d sme exercise t strengthen ur bdy, such as jgging and skiing.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生給某報(bào)社編輯寫一封信,指出健康的重要性,并針對“如何保持健康”給出自己的建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
重要的:imprtant→significant
建議:suggestin→advice
此外:what’s mre→besides
減少: reduce→cut dwn
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句:Knwing nt healthy enugh, we shuld try t d sme exercise t strengthen ur bdy, such as jgging and skiing.
拓展句:Because we knw we are nt healthy enugh, we shuld try t d sme exercise t strengthen ur bdy, such as jgging and skiing.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】we shuld keep a balanced diet, which is gd t ur health.(運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】What’s mre, we have t quit thse bad habits that damage ur health.(運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句)
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