高考英語北師大版一輪復習教案：必修4 Unit 12 Culture Shock Word版含解析-教案下載-教習網

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[話題素材]
好詞
1．ancient adj. 古代的
2．anniversary n. 周年紀念日
3．belief n. 信念
4．cultural adj. 文化的
5．custom n. 風俗，習俗
6．typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的
7．symbol n. 象征
8．attend a ceremony 出席儀式
9．be of great value 很有價值
10．come into being 形成；產生
11．follow a custom 遵循習俗
12．in memory/honour of 為了紀念
13．look forward to 盼望
14．pass down from generation to generation 一代一代往下傳
15．culture shock 文化沖擊
佳句
1．The most obvious example is probably Christmas, which is celebrated around the world.
最明顯的例子可能就是圣誕節(jié)了，世界各地的人都會慶祝。
2．Festivals make us reunite, making all in high spirits.
節(jié)日讓我們團聚在一起，人們都很歡樂。
[精美語篇]
As we all know， every culture has its own body language. Take Greetings for example， the French are open-minded， they shake hands and kiss each other on each cheek when they meet people they know. Men from Middle East and other Muslin countries often stand close to other men to talk， but they will never touch women， they just nod at women. In general， people all over the world now greet each other by shaking hands， but the Japanese prefer to bow.,None of these actions is either good or bad， however， studying it will help reduce misunderstanding between people and avoid the difficulties in communication.

高頻單詞
1．wander (vi.) 漫游，閑逛
2．manners (n.) 禮貌
3．indicate (vt.) 表明；表示
4．request (n.) 請求
5．familiar (adj.) 熟悉的，常見的
6．cautious (adj.) 小心翼翼的，謹慎的
7．attach (vt.) 喜歡，依戀；系，固定
8．contrary (adj.) 相反的
9．bear (vt.) 攜帶；容忍
10．forgive (vt.) 寬恕，饒恕
11．owe (vt.) 欠(情、債等)
12．exchange (vt.) 兌換，交換
13．absorb (vt.) 理解，掌握；吸收→absorbed (adj.) 被吸引的，專心的
14．majority (n.) 大半，大多數→major (adj.) 主要的→minority (n.) (反義詞)少數
15．curiously (adv.) 奇怪地；好奇地→curiosity (adj.) 好奇的→curious (n.) 好奇心
重點短語
1．be_attached_to 附屬于……
2．take_something_seriously 嚴肅認真地對待某事
3．in_advance 預先
4．give_..._a_lift 讓……搭車
5．see_..._off 給(某人)送行
6．contrary_to 與……相反
7．belong_to 屬于
8．put/bring_an_end_to 結束……
9．be_sensitive_to 對……敏感
10．as_for 關于，至于
熱點句型
1．疑問詞＋不定式結構在句中充當主語、賓語、表語等成分
Decide where_to_go_on_holiday with a friend.(教材P39)
定好和朋友到哪兒去度假。
2．have a difficult time (in) doing sth.“做某事有困難”
When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had_a_difficult_time_ understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.(教材P40)
剛到舊金山的時候，我感到很難理解美國人的某些處事方式。
3．名詞短語the last time “上次……的時候”，用作連詞引導時間狀語從句
I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China.(教材P40)
上次我到中國參觀時也有同樣的經歷。
4．不定式作目的狀語，意為：為了……
He insisted on walking me to the station to_see_me_off.(教材P40)
他堅持陪我走到車站為我送行。
5．the way作先行詞，可用that或in which引導定語從句，也可將引導詞省略
I can't bear the_way the native Australians have been treated.(教材P42)
我不能忍受對待澳大利亞土著人的方式。
教材復現
在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
1．I certainly owe you an apology ________ not writing more often.
答案：for
2．I'm just so glad you can afford ________ (visit) me and I refuse ________ (let) you pay for anything while you're here!
答案：to visit; to let
3．________ (avoid) getting confused about the British tipping system, you need to check your bill ________ (see) if a tip is included or not.
答案：To avoid; to see
4．I think we should consider ________ (stay) in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy ________ (hike)．
答案：staying; hiking
5．I have learnt which ones are tasty and safe ________ (eat) so we won't risk ________ (get) sick.
答案：to eat; getting
6．As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room ________ (close) the door behind him.
答案：closing
7．He insisted ________ walking me to the station to see me ________.
答案：on; off
8．They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions ________ the rest of us are quite well-off.
答案：while
9．The arrival of white people ________ (gradual) brought an end to the ________ (tradition) Aboriginal way of life.
答案：gradually; traditional
10．I would definitely suggest that your friend ________ (bring) clothes for different seasons.
答案：bring

1　　

I've just been so busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me－I think I'm still experiencing culture shock.(P36)
我一直忙于學習，盡力了解身邊的新事物——我覺得自己一直在經歷文化沖擊。

be absorbed by sth./sb. 被……吞并，為……所吸收,be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神貫注于……，專心致志于……，熱衷于……,absorb one's attention to (doing) sth.吸引某人對(做)……的注意力,absorb...into 把……吸入/并入……
圖解助記

①[2015·北京高考]But a transparent animal doesn't have pigments, so its tissues won't absorb light.
但是透明的動物沒有色素，所以它的組織不會吸收光線。
②[2015·福建高考]A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was_absorbed_in his reading.
一道微弱的光從墻上的一個小洞里透過來，他正在專心地讀書。
③[2014·湖南高考]Hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness—time to be present and absorb our travel experiences.
從一個地方跳躍到下一個地方幾乎不能給一個機會體驗心理學家稱為“正念”的感覺——現在以及吸收到旅行經歷中的時間。
④[2012·北京高考]When deeply absorbed_in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
當他全身心地投入工作時，他就會完全廢寢忘食，而他經常這樣(全身心地投入工作)。
2　　

But even though some British people are quite strange, the majority of them are really friendly and I've made some good friends.(P36)
雖然有些英國人十分古怪，但是大多數人都很友好，我已經結交了一些好朋友。

(1)the majority of ……的大多數
in a/the majority 占大多數
by/with a majority of 以大多數……
(2)minority n. 少數
in the minority 占少數
①[2014·安徽高考]So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the_majority_of people.
那么，讓我們假定歷史建筑對大多數人既有吸引力又重要。
②[牛津詞典]The_majority_was/were in favour of banning smoking.
大多數人支持禁煙。
③[牛津詞典]In the nursing profession, women are in_a/the_majority.
女性在護理行業(yè)中占大多數。
④One-third of the country is covered with trees and the_majority_of the citizens are black people.
這個國家的三分之一被樹木覆蓋，而且大多數公民是黑人。
－特別提示－
the majority單獨使用作主語時，謂語動詞用單復數均可：the/a majority of＋n.作主語時，謂語動詞常根據后面的名詞來確定其單復數形式。
3　　

to make a request to someone you don't know very well(P39)
對你(們)不大熟悉的人表達請求

(1)make a request for 請求；要求……
at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 應某人之要求
(2)request sb. to_do sth. 請求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should)_do... 請求……做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人請求某物
It is/was requested that...(should)_do...人們要求……
①[2015·福建高考]Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a_request.
盡管作為孩子，我們認為那是很瘋狂的，但是我們從未想過要拒絕接受爸爸的要求。
②[2013·山東高考]The kidnappers were merciless and Getty's son made repeated requests_for help from his father.
綁匪殘酷無情，格蒂的兒子不停地向他的父親求助。
③[譯林⑥－3]In Japan, the “OK” sign is a request_for small change.
在日本，手勢“OK”表示要零錢。
④[牛津詞典]She requested that no one be_told of her decision until the next meeting.
她要求下次開會前不要向任何人透露她的決定。
－特別提示－
request作動詞“要求”時，其后的賓語從句謂語動詞用虛擬語氣；作名詞時，其后的同位語從句和表語從句謂語動詞也用虛擬語氣，虛擬語氣的形式為“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。有此用法的詞有：
　一堅持(insist)
　二命令(order, command)
　三建議(advise, suggest, propose)
　四要求(demand, require, request, desire)
4　　

Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.(P40)
金麗到達美國后不久，她就發(fā)現美國人的生活方式對她來說很熟悉。

(1)sb.be familiar with sth. 某人對某物很熟悉
sth. be familiar to sb.＝sth. be known to sb. 某物為某人所熟悉
(2)be similar to 與……相似
①[2014·天津高考]And walking is an ideal form of exer－cise—the most familiar and natural of all.
走路是最理想的鍛煉形式——所有運動中最熟悉，最自然的的。
②[2014·江蘇高考]Exposure to the English language which is used in our daily life can make people familiar_with them.
在我們日常生活中，對英語語言的運用使得我們對他們很熟悉。
③[人教④－5]The theme park you are probably most familiar_with is Disneyland.
你最熟悉的主題公園大概就是迪士尼公園。
④[牛津詞典]The smell is very familiar_to everyone who lives near a bakery.
住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉這種氣味。
5　　

At first, we didn't feel we belong here, but now we are attached to the land we live on.(P42)
起初，我們認為自己并不屬于這里，但是現在我們已與我們所居住的土地緊緊地聯系在一起了。

(1)attach...to... 把……固定到/附在……上
attach importance/significance/value to 重視；認為……有重要性/意義/價值
attach oneself to sb. 與某人在一起，纏著某人
(2)attached adj. 依戀的；附加的
(be) attached to 附屬于；依戀
an attached school 附屬學校
①[人教②－5]To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance_to becoming rich and famous.
坦白地說，很多人把名聲和財富看得很重。
②[2013·江西高考]Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years.
交換學生可能被附加幾個月或幾年。
③[2012·上海高考]The photo attached_to the application was sometimes that of a very good-looking person and sometimes that of a less attractive person.
貼在申請表上的照片有時是長相好看的人的，有時是缺乏吸引力的人的。
④[牛津詞典]He attached_himself_to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him.
他聚會上老是纏著我，我簡直無法擺脫他。
6　 bear　vi.&vt. (bore； borne/born)攜帶，容忍；忍受；承擔(責任)；支撐；承受；生育；出生；結(果實)

I can't bear the way the native Australians have been treated.(P42)
我不能忍受對待澳大利亞土著人的方式。

bear sb.doing/to do sth. 容忍某人做某事
can't bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事
牢記……
①[2015·課標全國卷Ⅰ]They've been too badly hurt and they can't_bear to let it happen again.
他們傷的太嚴重了，不能再忍受這樣的事情發(fā)生了。
②[2014·安徽高考]A final point to bear_in_mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music.
最后要記住的一點是“古典音樂”被用來指一大類音樂。
③[牛津詞典]The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
冰太薄，承受不住你的重量。
圖解助記

－特別提示－
bear作“生育”講時，過去分詞用borne；作“出生”講時，過去分詞用born。
④[牛津詞典]She has borne him 3 children.
她已經給他生了3個孩子。
7　　

I wonder if they'll ever forgive the way they've been treated.(P42)
我不知道澳大利亞土著人是否能原諒人們對待他們的方式。

forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原諒某人(做)某事
forgive sb. sth. 原諒某人某事
forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事
①[2015·陜西高考]Such a person may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression.
這樣的人遲到了或許可以原諒，但是那些故意遲到來制造印象的就不行了。
②[2014·遼寧高考]Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.
原諒他錯誤的判斷，安靜地走開，享受表演。
③[人教③－1]She would never forgive_him.
她永遠也不會原諒他。
④[牛津詞典]I'll never forgive_her_for what she did.
我絕不會原諒她所做的事。
過關演練
在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式
1．[2016·哈爾濱模擬]I found him sitting in his chair, completely ________ (absorb) in a magazine.
答案：absorbed　be absorbed in “專心致志于”，此處省略be在此作狀語。
2．[2014·安徽高考]For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the ________ (major) is over the age of fifty.
答案：majority　the majority “大多數”，作主語，指大多數觀眾。
3．[2014·課標全國卷Ⅱ]Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of ________ (familiar) papers.
答案：unfamiliar　the trash can指垃圾桶，故此處指一堆不熟悉的文件，故用unfamiliar。
4．[2014·廣東高考]It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them ________ mind.
答案：in　bear ... in mind “記住，牢記”，固定搭配。
5．[2013·遼寧高考]Keep in mind that ________ (forgive) does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
答案：forgiveness　分析句子結構知，空處需填名詞形式作主語。
6．[2014·湖南高考]Mrs Totten usually walked up and down the rows and desks ________ (request) answers from students.
答案：requesting　主語Mrs Totten與request之間為主動關系，故用現在分詞作伴隨狀語。
7．[2014·天津高考]My parents always attach great importance ________ my getting a good education.
答案：to　attach importance to “重視”為固定搭配。
8．[2016·濰坊一模]The song is very familiar ________ us, and we are very familiar ________ its singer.
答案：to; with　be familiar with “(某人)對(某物)很熟悉”；be familiar to “(某物)為……所熟悉”。句意：這首歌對于我們來說很熟悉，我們也對這首歌的演唱者很熟悉。
9．What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ________ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
答案：should　考查虛擬語氣。that從句是request的同位語從句，要用虛擬語氣，其形式為：(should＋)動詞原形。
10．Last year they visited the high school ________ (attach) to Anhui Normal University.
答案：attached　attached “附屬的”，作后置定語，修飾school。

1　　

You're going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here, Aunt Mei！(P36)
梅姨，你必須得適應這里以腌肉、雞蛋和幾片烤面包作為早餐的習慣！

be/become/get used to (doing) sth. 習慣于(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用來做某事
be used as/for 被用作/供……所用
used to do sth. 過去常常做某事
①[2014·上海高考]To get_used_to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along.
為了習慣于看到另一個人的身體而實際上沒有控制它，參與者通過慢慢地舉起胳膊和腿開始，為了對方能跟上。
②[2015·課標全國卷Ⅱ]It used_to_be the home of royal families.
這里曾經是國王和皇后的住所。
③[牛津詞典]We are_used_to the noise from the traffic now.
現在我們已經適應了車輛往來的噪音。
④[牛津詞典]The blue files are_used_for storing old invoices.
藍色卷宗是用來存放舊發(fā)票的。
2　　

He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.(P40)
他堅持陪我走到車站給我送行。

①[2016·沈陽高三模擬]I'll go to the airport to see_off my girlfriend and her mother.
我將去機場為我的女友和她的母親送行。
②[2012·湖北高考]I'm so glad you've come here to see_to the matter in person.
很高興你來親自處理這事了。
③[牛津詞典]Can you see_to_it_that the fax goes this afternoon?
你保證今天下午就把傳真發(fā)出去，行嗎？
④Don't fool me. I can see_through your tricks!
別愚弄我了，我看得穿你的把戲。
過關演練
選詞填空
see off； get used to； be attached to； insist on； used to； bring an end to
1．John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will ________ him ________ at the airport.
答案：see; off
2．They ________ being given every detail of the case.
答案：insisted on
3．It's hoped that the talks may ________ the violence.
答案：bring an end to
4．I found the teaching job tiring in the countryside, but soon I ________ it and loved it.
答案：got used to
5.The research unit ________ the university.
答案：is attached to
6．[2013·山東高考]I ________ be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.
答案：used to

1　　

(1)句中where to go on holiday...為“連接副詞＋不定式”結構，在句中作賓語。
wh-連接代詞或副詞后跟動詞不定式構成的短語，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等。
(2)“連接代詞＋不定式”結構中，動詞不定式往往與前面的連接代詞或其短語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，不定式結構使用主動語態(tài)。
①[2015·安徽高考]It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere_to_stay now.
幸運的是我們預訂了一間房。否則，我們現在就沒有地方待了。
②[2015·四川高考]When it comes to how_to_speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first.
當說到如何說流利的普通話，我建議你應該首先學點發(fā)音規(guī)則。
③[2014·廣東高考]When we were wondering what_to_do,_the manager came out.
當我們正想知道該做什么的時候，經理出來了。
2　　

表示時間的名詞詞組the last time相當于從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句。
(1)名詞詞組作連詞，引導時間狀語從句的還有：
the first time, each time, any time, next time, the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, the hour, the day等。
(2)有些副詞或介詞短語也可以充當時間狀語從句的引導詞。
immediately/directly/instantly 一……就……
by the time ... 到……時
①[2015·北京高考]Every_time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters.
每次光以一個新的速度進入一種物質，它都會發(fā)生折射和反射。
②[2013·浙江高考]The_moment I arrived in Paris, I was greeted by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.
我一到達巴黎，我就被一對很好的法國夫婦迎接了，他們成了我的寄宿父母。
③The_first_time I met her, she left a deep impression on me.
第一次我碰到她時，她給我留下了深刻的印象。
過關演練
完成句子
1．[2015·廣東高考]I didn't know ________ like a fish.
我不知道如何像魚一樣思考。
答案：how to think
2．__________________， he said he needed another two days.
上次我們談話時，他說他還需要兩天。
答案：The last time we talked
3．I ________________ that I will work in.
我找到這所我要在其中工作的學校有困難。
答案：have a difficult time (in) finding the school
4．He ________________ plenty of exercise and a regular life.
他把健康歸功于充足的鍛煉和有規(guī)律的生活方式。
答案：owes his good health to
5．Who will ________________ at the station this afternoon?
今天下午誰會在車站給客人送行？
答案：see the guests off

跟動名詞作賓語的動詞&現在分詞
跟動名詞作賓語的動詞
1．只可使用動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語
常見的有：enjoy, keep, miss, suggest, appreciate, devote to, feel like等。
2．有些動詞既可跟動名詞也可跟不定式但意義不同。
①[2015·天津高考]At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped ________ (serve) the community.
答案：serving　此處表示停止做某事，用stop doing結構，故填serving。
現在分詞
　現在分詞，即v.-ing形式，是分詞的一種，為非謂語，但可在句中充當定語、表語、補語、狀語等，表示主動和進行。
一般式：doing
被動式：being done
完成式：having done
完成被動式：having been done
②[2015·湖南高考]When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ (wonder) whether to stay or leave.
答案：wondering　主語she與wonder存在邏輯上的主謂關系，用現在分詞作伴隨狀語，故填wondering。
過關演練
用括號內單詞的正確形式填空
1．[2015·北京高考]The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
答案：enjoying　此處為分詞作定語，與所修飾詞people為主動關系，故用現在分詞。
2．[2014·北京高考]Last night, there were millions of people ________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
答案：watching　考查現在分詞作定語。因people與watch之間為主動關系，故用現在分詞形式作定語。
3．[2014·遼寧高考]Keep ________ (hold) your position for a while.
答案：holding　keep doing “繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定結構。
4．[2014·湖南高考]There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________ (stare) at the night sky.
答案：staring　句意：沒有什么樂趣能比得上躺在草地中央，凝望夜空。根據句意可知，“躺在草地中央”與“凝望夜空”是同時發(fā)生的動作，故用現在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。
5．[2013·課標全國卷Ⅰ]The sunlight is white and blinding, ________ (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground.
答案：throwing　句意：陽光明亮刺眼，在地上投下輪廓分明的影子。throwing為現在分詞作狀語與主語the sunlight為主動關系，故應用現在分詞形式。

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