?泰安市2022年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試
英語試題
本試卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。第I卷1至9頁，第Ⅱ卷10至12頁，共150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。
注意事項:
1. 答題前，請考生仔細(xì)閱讀答題卡上的注意事項，并務(wù)必按照相關(guān)要求作答。
2. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第I卷（共80分）
第一部分聽力（共25小題；1-20小題每題1分，21-25小題每題2分，滿分30分）
（一）聽句子. 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膽?yīng)答語。每個句子讀兩遍。
1. A. It’s sunny. B. It’s March 16th. C. It’s Saturday.
2. A. At the bus stop. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Three days ago.
3. A. Eat mooncakes. B. Make noodles. C. Eat zongzi.
4. A. Yes，open it. B. You are welcome. C. Certainly not.
5. A. My pleasure. B. I agree with you. C. That’s right.
（二）聽五段對話. 選擇正確答案。每段對話讀兩遍。你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下面5個小題。
6. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Father and son. C. Teacher and student.
7. Where is Mr. Smith now?
A. At the supermarket. B. In his office. C. At home.
8. What does Alice look like?
A. She has short curly hair. B. She wears glasses. C. She has long red hair.
9. How long did John read English before breakfast?
A. For twenty minutes. B. For half an hour. C. For forty minutes.
10. How much is a glass of coffee?
A. 2 dollars. B. 3 dollars. C. 9 dollars.
（三）聽兩段長對話，選擇正確答案。每段對話讀兩遍。聽每段對話前你將有10秒鐘的時間閱讀對應(yīng)的3個小題。
聽對話，回答下面小題。
11. What class is Lily going to have?
A. A singing class. B. A dancing class. C. A swimming class.
12. How often does she have the class?
A. Every day. B. Twice a week. C. On Monday and Thursday.
13. How does she feel after the class?
A. Happy. B. Relaxed. C. Busy.
聽對話，回答下面小題。
14. How did Mr. White come to the city?
A. By plane. B. By train. C. By ship.
15. Is there an airport in the city?
A. Yes, there is. B. No，there isn’t. C. We don’t know.
16. How soon will Mr. White leave the city?
A. In 3 days. B. In 5 days. C. In 7 days.
（四）聽短文，回答下面四個問題，選擇正確答案。短文讀兩遍。你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下面4個小題。
17. How many girls were there in the camp?
A. 9. B. 16. C. 25.
18. What was the weather like at night during the camp?
A. Windy and rainy. B. Rainy and cool. C. Windy and a little cool.
19. What did the children do to improve English in the afternoon?
A. They watched a movie. B. They performed English programs. C. They listened to English stories.
20. Which of the following is true?
A. They had a big party on the first day. B. They all stayed in the hotel at night. C. The summer camp lasted for two weeks.
（五）聽短文，填表格。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，寫出下面表格中所缺信息，每一詞。短文讀三遍。你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀表格內(nèi)容。答題完畢后，請將答案填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。
Some（21）___________suggestions on how to find the way
Buying a map
With the map. you will know how to get to the place（22）___________.
Looking at the sun
It can help you find the（23）___________.
Asking policemen
They are happy to（24）___________you the way.
Taking a（25）___________
It is a good choice. but it may cost you much money.
第二部分完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
閱讀下面短文. 掌握其大意，然后從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出能填入短文相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

My husband and I recently went to an amusement park with our children and grandchildren. We had a wonderful time and made lots of ___1___ memories together. Unexpectedly. I came across（偶遇）a warm ___2___ as we made our way through the park.
Our four grandchildren were excited ___3___ the attraction（吸引人之處）where children could drive the cars. I sat outside and prepared to take photos of my family. As I waited for my family to drive by, I noticed a car with a father and his son ___4___ looked to be about 7 years old. They rolled down the hill at the beginning and suddenly the car ___5___. The son shouted. “I can’t do it.” His father ___6___ said, “Yes, you can.”
“No. I can’t!”
“Yes, you can, son.”
The little boy was almost in tears. “I CAN’T! “With deep patience the father said. “Son, you can do this. Let me help you.” Then he taught the boy to push the gas pedal（踏板）and ___7___ the car. And a few minutes later, the two went smoothly on their way down the track（軌道）.
The scene brought ___8___ to my eyes. “Yes, you can”, the words whispered（悄聲說）to my heart. Then every time things got ___9___ or when I had failures along the way, I would think of “Yes, you can.” That’s where the true strength（力量）comes in. Are you struggling（奮斗）with something today? You can ___10___ the words “Yes, you can.”
1. A. terrible B. sweet C. nervous
2. A. moment B. program C. promise
3. A. for B. about C. with
4. A. who B. which C. whom
5. A. left B. flew C. stopped
6. A. angrily B. quietly C. sadly
7. A. make B. wash C. drive
8. A. sand B. tears C. pictures
9. A. hard B. exciting C. comfortable
10. A. forget B. regret C. trust
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者和家人去游樂園玩耍時，看到了一位父親跟兒子一起玩的場景。那位父親對兒子說的“Yes, you can”深深地打動了作者。
【1題詳解】
句意：我們度過了一段美好的時光，創(chuàng)造了許多甜蜜的回憶。
terrible糟糕的；sweet甜蜜的；nervous緊張的。根據(jù)“We had a wonderful time and made lots of … memories together”可知，玩得很開心，留下了甜蜜的回憶，故選B。
【2題詳解】
句意：在我們穿過公園的路上，我遇到了一個溫暖的時刻。
moment時刻；program程序；promise諾言。根據(jù)“I came across（偶遇）a warm”及下文的內(nèi)可知，遇到了溫暖的一刻，故選A。
【3題詳解】
句意：我們的四個孫子孫女都很興奮，因為孩子們可以在這里開車。
for為了；about關(guān)于；with帶有。be excited about“對……感到興奮”，固定搭配，故選B。
【4題詳解】
句意：我注意到一輛車上有一位父親和他的兒子，他的兒子看起來大約7歲。
who誰；which哪一個；whom誰。此處是定語從句，先行詞son是指人，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選A。
【5題詳解】
句意：他們從一開始就滾下山，突然汽車停了下來。
left離開；flew飛；stopped停止。根據(jù)“ suddenly the car”及“I can’t do it”可知，車突然停止了，故選C。
【6題詳解】
句意：爸爸平靜地說，“你可以的”。
angrily生氣地；quietly平靜地；sadly難過地。根據(jù)“His father …said, “Yes, you can.””可知，爸爸在說鼓勵的話，所以是平靜地說，故選B。
【7題詳解】
句意：然后他教那個男孩踩油門開車。
make制造；wash清洗；drive駕駛。根據(jù)“push the gas pedal”可知，踩油門開車，故選C。
【8題詳解】
句意：這一幕使我熱淚盈眶。
sand沙子；tears眼淚；pictures圖片。根據(jù)“the words whispered（悄聲說）to my heart”可知，這一幕和這一句話讓作者熱淚盈眶，故選B。
【9題詳解】
句意：每次遇到困難或者失敗的時候。
hard困難的；exciting興奮的；comfortable舒服的。根據(jù)“Then every time things got…or when I had failures along the way”可知，遇到困難的時候，故選A。
【10題詳解】
句意：你可以相信這句話：“是的，你可以?！?br /> forget忘記；regret后悔；trust相信。根據(jù)“Then every time things got… or when I had failures along the way, I would think of “Yes, you can.” That’s where the true strength（力量）comes in”可知，這句話給了作者力量，所以作者認(rèn)為在遇到困難的時候可以相信這句話，相信自己一定能行，故選C。
第三部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)；滿分10分）
第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文或圖表，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
A

The new railway line linking China and Laos（老撾）opened to traffic on December 3, 2021. All the passengers on the train were very excited.
The line is 1,035 kilometers long and it runs between Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, and Vientiane（萬象）, the capital of Laos. It takes about 10 hours to get to Vientiane from Kunming. This line, with a top speed of 200 kilometers per hour, has 50 stations.
Engineer Ouyang Qiang took part in construction（建設(shè)）of the new line. “Each station along the line has a special and beautiful view.” he said. adding that Yunnan has pleasant weather in all seasons and the views are fantastic all year round.
Hang Dianhua, 76, was on the first train on Friday from Kunming to Xishuangbanna. “One of my students took part in this project. It’s a proud event for China. I hope to take the train with my daughter and two granddaughters who live in Beijing in the future.” Hang said.
Jaruwan comes from Thailand. Now she works in Yunnan. She was also a passenger on the train. She believes fruit from Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper to China. And at the same time, the new tourism routes（路線）might be developed thanks to the line. More Chinese people will take the railway to Laos, and then visit Thailand.
The China-Laos Railway is part of a bigger plan to connect Kunming all the way with Singapore.
11. The new railway line runs between ________ and ________ now.
A. Beijing; Xishuangbanna B. China; Singapore
C. Kunming; Vientiane D. China; Thailand
12. Who took part in construction of the China-Laos Railway line?
A. Hang Dianhua. B. Ouyang Qiang. C. Jaruwan. D. Hang Dianhua’s daughter.
13. Which of the following statements about Hang Dianhua is NOT true?
A. One of his students took part in the China-Laos railway project.
B. He went to Xishuangbanna on the first train.
C. He took the train together with his daughter and two granddaughters.
D. He thought the opening of the new line was a proud event for China.
14. What can we know from the passage?
A. The China-Laos railway line is 1.035 kilometers long and has 200 stations.
B. Ouyang Qiang was an engineer and he was Hang Dianhua’s student.
C. The fruit trade between China and Thailand can be more convenient.
D. The Chinese tourists can take the railway to Singapore from Kunming now.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹連接中國到老撾的新的鐵路。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The line is 1,035 kilometers long and it runs between Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, and Vientiane, the capital of Laos.”可知，這條線路連接云南省省會昆明和老撾首都萬象。故選C。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Engineer Ouyang Qiang took part in construction of the new line.”可知，工程師歐陽強參與了這條新線路的建設(shè)。故選B。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I hope to take the train with my daughter and two granddaughters who live in Beijing in the future.”可知，是希望將來和我的女兒以及兩個住在北京的孫女一起坐火車，而不是已經(jīng)乘坐了。故選C。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ She believes fruit from Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper to China.”可知，她認(rèn)為泰國的水果可以更快、更便宜地運到中國。由此推知，中泰之間的水果貿(mào)易可以更加方便，故選C。
B
Disney Green Experience—Sorting（分類）& Recycling Adventure
Time: This autumn Place: Shanghai Disney Resort
Activities

Begin the day with an exciting show performed by a band in Tomorrowland. You can learn about waste sorting there.
?Visit the four recycling machines in Fantasyland. Treasure Cove. Tomorrowland and Gardens of Imagination, and get to know about how they work.
?Take a trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern, and you can practice sorting food waste there.
?Talk to Custodial（Cast Members and see how pieces of art are created using waste and recyclable materials. The materials were collected around the park.

●The program is available for school groups of 50—200 students aged between 7 and 11 across the country.
●Those who join the program will be offered a one-day theme park ticket. If they finish all the activities in the program, they will also be given a special certificate（證書）.

15. What can students do during the trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern?
A. Practice sorting food waste. B. Enjoy an exciting show performed by a band.
C. learn about the recycling machines. D. learn about how to turn waste into pieces of art.
16. The students who join the program and finish all the activities will be given ________.
A. a piece of art
B. a special certificate
C. a one-day theme park ticket
D. a one-day theme park ticket and a special certificate
17. What’s the main purpose of the program?
A. To introduce the ways of protecting the environment.
B. To teach students how to sort and recycle waste.
C. To show the students around the Disney parks.
D. To encourage kids to take part in outdoor activities.
【答案】15. A 16. D 17. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是一則迪士尼分類和回收活動的廣告信息。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Take a trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern, and you can practice sorting food waste there”可知，在那里可以練習(xí)分類食物垃圾，故選A。
【16題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Those who join the program will be offered a one-day theme park ticket. If they finish all the activities in the program, they will also be given a special certificate”可知，參加該項目并完成所有活動的學(xué)生將獲得一張主題公園門票和一張?zhí)厥庾C書，故選D。
【17題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)“You can learn about waste sorting there.”及下文內(nèi)容，活動的目的是教學(xué)生如何分類和回收垃圾，故選B。
C

Counting the hairs on your head would be very difficult. Many have tried, but most people give up after losing count or getting bored! However, scientists say people have more than 100,000 hairs on their heads on average. Of course, this number is different from person to person. Some people have much more hair than others.
What causes hair loss? There are many reasons, such as stress, illness and styling. It also runs in families. Besides, many people simply lose hair as they grow older. To avoid losing hair, you should wash your hair correctly and condition（養(yǎng)護）your hair to help keep your hair healthy. It’s also important to be gentle when brushing or combing hair.
Hair loss is not the same as daily shedding（脫落）. People lose an average of 50 to 100 hairs a day. It’s normal. If you are losing more hair than average, talk to the adults you trust. They can help you decide whether to ask a doctor for help.
Why do humans have hair on their heads? Most other mammals（哺乳動物）have thick fur（毛）covering their whole bodies. While humans grow small and fine（細(xì)微的）hairs on much of their skin, it’s much thicker on the top of the head. Scientists say the answers come down to evolution. Humans probably evolved without fur because they have more sweat glands（汗腺）than other mammals. Humans walk upright on two legs. Therefore, the top of their heads needs protection from the sun. This is why people have more hair on their heads than on the rest of their bodies. The hair also helps keep heat in cold weather and keep a healthy body temperature.
18. How many reasons for hair loss are mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
19. You can take the following measures（措施）to avoid losing hair except ________.
A. wearing a hat all the time B. washing your hair correctly
C. brushing or combing hair gently D. conditioning your hair
20. What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in the last paragraph?
A. 進化 B. 發(fā)育 C. 天生 D. 訓(xùn)練
21. What can we learn from the passage?
A. In general, it’s easier for young people to lose hair than old people.
B. The hair on human heads helps keep heat in cold weather.
C. If you lose 50 to 100 hairs every day. you must ask a doctor for help.
D. All the mammals have thick fur covering their whole bodies because they have no sweat glands.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. A 21. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要分析了脫發(fā)的原因，應(yīng)對的方法以及為什么人類的頭頂會有頭發(fā)。
【18題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“There are many reasons, such as stress, illness and styling. It also runs in families. Besides, many people simply lose hair as they grow older”可知，關(guān)于脫發(fā)的原因提到了五點：壓力，疾病，發(fā)型，家族遺傳，還有隨著年齡的增長而脫發(fā) ，故選C。
19題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“To avoid losing hair, you should wash your hair correctly and condition（養(yǎng)護）your hair to help keep your hair healthy. It’s also important to be gentle when brushing or combing hair”可知，為了避免脫發(fā)，你應(yīng)該正確地洗頭并護理頭發(fā)，梳頭時要溫和，故選A。
【20題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Humans probably evolved without fur because they have more sweat glands（汗腺）than other mammals. Humans walk upright on two legs. Therefore, the top of their heads needs protection from the sun”可知，人類在進化過程中沒有皮毛，人類用兩條腿直立行走。 因此，他們的頭頂需要長出一些毛發(fā)來防曬，所以人類頭頂有毛發(fā)是跟進化有關(guān)，故evolution表示“進化”，故選A。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The hair also helps keep heat in cold weather and keep a healthy body temperature”可知，頭發(fā)還有助于在寒冷的天氣里保暖，保持健康的體溫，故選B。
D

We all know the sun is important. It makes life on our planet possible. But how does the sun do that? It’s the sun’s energy.
Energy from the sun is called solar energy（太陽能）. It comes in the form of light or heat. People have used solar energy for thousands of years. The sun’s energy can be used to heat water and even food. If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it causing a fire. This type of energy from the sun is called solar thermal（熱的）energy.
We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity. This is done with solar panels（板）. Solar panels are made up of a material called silicon（硅）. The silicon is heated and formed into very thin wafers（晶片）. When the sunlight hits the solar panel, the electrons in the silicon move and flow through wires（電線）. Using this technology, we can run a calculator and even power cars.
But what happens on cloudy days? The electrons in the silicon will stop moving, which means the electricity can’t flow. But this doesn’t mean that solar energy can only be used on sunny days. People can use the batteries（電池）which are attached to（附著于）solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days.
Did you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be? In fact, in the last few years, solar panels have become much more affordable for people to use. Since the sun gives off more energy in one second than people have used, imagine what we could do if we used the sun’s energy to power our planet.
22. A magnifying glass can make objects look ________.
A. smaller B. bigger C. more beautiful D. further
23. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. How to use solar thermal energy.
B. How to power our planet.
C. How to store electricity with batteries.
D. How to turn sunlight into electricity with solar panels.
24. We can use ________ to power cars at night according to the fourth paragraph.
A. thin wafers B. the moonlight C. solar thermal energy D. the stored electricity
25. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Solar panels are made up of silicon. B. Solar energy can be used for heating food.
C. It costs more to use solar energy than before. D. People have used solar energy for thousands of years.
【答案】22. B 23. D 24. D 25. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了太陽是很重要的。人們使用太陽能很多年了。太陽釋放出比現(xiàn)在人們使用更多的能量。所以我們應(yīng)該盡力在我們的生活中找到更多的好方法去使用它。
【22題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it causing a fire.”和常識可知，放大鏡會使物體變得更大，故選B。
【23題詳解】
段落大意題。根據(jù)“We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity”分析第三段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹如何利用太陽能電池板將陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。故選D。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“People can use the batteries（電池）which are attached to（附著于）solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days.”可知，人們可以使用附著在太陽能電池板上的電池來儲存電力，因此儲存的電力可以在夜間或陰天為汽車提供動力。故選D。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Did you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be?”可知，太陽能不像以前那么貴了，C項表述錯誤。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項. 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

When you use a knife and fork. you have to take the knife with your right hand and the fork with your left hand, or you can’t put food into your mouth. But with chopsticks, you can solve the eating problems with just one hand. ____26____
Chopsticks were called zhu or jia in ancient China. It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood（洪水）. One day he was busy dealing with the flood. In order to save time when eating, he used two sticks from a tree to take the hot food. That was how chopsticks came into use. ____27____
In fact, the earliest chopsticks found in China were made of bronze（青銅）, which were unearthed from Yinxu in Anyang city. Henan Province.
Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks. ____28____ Do you notice that one end of chopsticks is square and the other end is round? So, why? According to our ancestors, the round end symbolized（象征）Heaven and the square end symbolized Earth. ____29____ In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination（結(jié)合）of yin and yang.
The influence of Chinese culture has stretched（延伸）far and wide. ____30____ So it’s unbelievable that foreigners cannot use chopsticks.
A. Besides, chopsticks are used in pairs.
B. It’s convenient and efficient（有效率的）.
C. It was one of the legends（傳說）about chopsticks.
D. At least 1.8 billion people are using chopsticks around the world.
E. They are regarded as one of the symbols of Chinese food culture.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. E 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了筷子的起源，與其有關(guān)的傳說以及它的象征意義。
【26題詳解】
根據(jù)“But with chopsticks. you can solve the eating problems with just one hand”可知，相比刀叉，筷子就方便得多，B選項“它既方便又高效”符合，故選B。
【27題詳解】
根據(jù)“It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood…”可知，此處在介紹有關(guān)筷子的傳說，C選項“這是關(guān)于筷子的一個傳說”符合，故選C。
【28題詳解】
根據(jù)“Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks”可知，此處介紹筷子象征的文化，E選項“它們被視為中國飲食文化的象征之一”符合，故選E。
【29題詳解】
根據(jù)“In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination（結(jié)合）of yin and yang”可知，筷子展示了陰和陽的完美結(jié)合，所以筷子都是成對出現(xiàn)的，A選項“此外，筷子是成對使用的”符合，故選A。
【30題詳解】
根據(jù)“The influence of Chinese culture has stretched（延伸）far and wide”可知，此處介紹筷子的影響力，D選項“全世界至少有18億人在使用筷子”符合，故選D。
第Ⅱ卷（共70分）
第四部分 書面表達(dá)（共三節(jié)）
第一節(jié) 詞匯運用（共兩題. 滿分30分）
（一）單詞拼寫（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語提示. 將單詞的正確形式完整地寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
31. There are 5 people waiting for Nucleic Acid Testing（核酸檢測）in front of me. I am the s________ one.
【答案】(s)ixth
【解析】
【詳解】句意：我面前有5個人在等核酸檢測。我是第六個。根據(jù)“There are 5 people waiting for Nucleic Acid Testing（核酸檢測）in front of me.”可知，前面有五個人，所以自己是第六個，sixth“第六”，故填(s)ixth。
32. To make the villagers’ lives easier, our government will build a b________ over the river.
【答案】(b)ridge
【解析】
【詳解】句意：為了方便村民的生活，我們的政府將在這條河上建一座橋。 根據(jù)“build a …over the river.”及首字母可知，在河上建一座橋，bridge“橋”，根據(jù)a可知，此空應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞，故填(b)ridge。
33. Wu Dajing, together with his teammates ________（贏得）China’s first gold medal at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
【答案】won
【解析】
【詳解】句意：武大靖和他的隊友們在2022年冬奧會上為中國贏得了第一枚金牌。win“贏得”，根據(jù)“at the 2022 Winter Olympics”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填won。
34. The students are often ________（分開）into several groups by the teacher before discussing the difficult questions in class.
【答案】divided
【解析】
【詳解】句意：在課堂上討論難題之前，老師經(jīng)常把學(xué)生分成幾個小組。 divide“分開”，主語students與動詞divide之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)be done的結(jié)構(gòu)，空格前已有助動詞are，此空應(yīng)填過去分詞，故填divided。
35. Spacewalks can be dangerous. There is no air in space. And it’s filled with ________（有害的）radiation（輻射）.
【答案】harmful
【解析】
【詳解】句意：太空行走可能是危險。太空中沒有空氣。它充滿了有害的輻射。harmful“有害的”，作定語修飾radiation，故填harmful。
（二）綜合填空（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使文章通順完整。（每詞限用一次）
first, require, among, care, be, different, both, habit, how, finally

Cooking is supposed to be the most basic living skill for humans. However, there are many kids who are used to being fed and taken ____36____ of everywhere like “l(fā)ittle emperors and little princesses”. They can’t tell the ____37____between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots（小蔥）.
In order to stress（強調(diào)）the importance of hard-working spirit education ____38____ students, the Communist Party of China Central Committee recently released（發(fā)布）the guidelines. The guidelines call for students to respect labor（勞動）work. Students should learn basic life skills and develop good working ____39____ through such education.
Students will be ____40____ to understand and master the basics of home cooking from preparing vegetables to ____41____ being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently. These will be lifelong skills for kids, helping them develop into well-rounded individuals（個體）not just students who ____42____ able to take exams.
As children’s ____43____ teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn ____44____ to do chores at home. Students should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tidying their rooms.
It’s really important for students to take labor education ____45____ at school and at home.
【答案】36. care
37. differences##difference
38. among 39. habits
40. required
41. finally
42. are 43. first
44. how 45. both
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了國家發(fā)布關(guān)于讓學(xué)生們重視和尊重勞動的指導(dǎo)方針，從老師和家長角度作出了相應(yīng)的建議。
【36題詳解】
句意：然而，有很多孩子習(xí)慣了像“小皇帝和小公主”一樣到處都有人喂，有人照顧。根據(jù)“taken … of everywhere”及備選詞可知，此處用take care of表示“照顧”，故填care。
【37題詳解】
句意：他們分不清韭菜和青蔥這類食物。根據(jù)“They can’t tell the…between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots”及備選詞可知，分不清韭菜和青蔥，difference“差異”，此空可以填單數(shù)名詞，也可以填復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填differences/difference。
【38題詳解】
句意：為了強調(diào)對學(xué)生進行勤奮精神教育的重要性。根據(jù)“In order to stress（強調(diào)）the importance of hard-working spirit education …students”及備選詞可知，在學(xué)生中強調(diào)這個重要性，among“在……之中”，故填among。
【39題詳解】
句意：通過這樣的教育，學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)會基本的生活技能，養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“develop good working”及備選詞可知，培養(yǎng)好的習(xí)慣，habit“習(xí)慣”，此空應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填habits。
【40題詳解】
句意：從準(zhǔn)備蔬菜到最終能夠獨立完成家庭烹飪的整個過程，學(xué)生將被要求了解和掌握家庭烹飪的基本知識。根據(jù)“Students will be … to understand and master the basics of home cooking”及備選詞可知，要求學(xué)生掌握這些技能，require“需要”，此處是被動語態(tài)，故此空應(yīng)填過去分詞，故填required。
【41題詳解】
句意：從準(zhǔn)備蔬菜到最終能夠獨立完成家庭烹飪的整個過程，學(xué)生將被要求了解和掌握家庭烹飪的基本知識。根據(jù)“from preparing vegetables to … being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently”及備選詞可知，此處指最終獨立完成整個過程，副詞finally“最終”作狀語，故填finally。
【42題詳解】
句意：這些將是孩子們終身技能，幫助他們發(fā)展成為全面發(fā)展的個體，而不僅僅是能夠參加考試的學(xué)生。be able to do sth“能夠做某事”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，先行詞students是復(fù)數(shù)形式，be動詞用are，故填are。
【43題詳解】
句意：作為孩子的啟蒙老師，家長也應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子學(xué)會如何在家做家務(wù)。根據(jù)“As children’s… teachers, parents should also encourage”及常識可知，家長是孩子們的啟蒙老師，first teacher“啟蒙老師”，故填first。
44題詳解】
句意：作為孩子的啟蒙老師，家長也應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子學(xué)會如何在家做家務(wù)。此空缺少引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，備選詞how符合，故填how。
【45題詳解】
句意：對于學(xué)生來說，在學(xué)校和家里接受勞動教育都是非常重要的。根據(jù)“at school and at home”可知，此處用both…and表示“……和……都”，故填both。
第二節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共6小題；1-3小題每題2分: 4-6小題每題3分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。（請注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求）

[1]Water is important in our life, but sometimes water can be dangerous for kids. So we must pay attention to the kids’ safety in water. Water safety begins at home or in the pool. Here are some suggestions for you.
[2]Be（4）①________ of the hot water. Hot water can be dangerous, especially for kids under five. These young kids have thinner skin than older kids and adults, so it’s easier for them to be burnt（燙傷）. Staying in hot water that’s 60℃ for just 3 seconds can give a child a third-degree burn. You can reduce the risk by testing the water with your wrist（腕）or elbow before placing your kid in bath.
[3]Watch out for danger in the bathroom. The bathroom is full of danger for young kids. Never leave a young child alone in the bathroom, especially while he or she is bathing. Remember to put away hair dryers and all other electrical appliances（家用電器）to avoid the risk.
[4]Never let kids swim alone. Swimming in the water may make you feel great. As the kids move in the water, many small muscle（肌肉）groups are working to help them keep balance. But it’s not a perfect sport because of the risk of injury（傷害）. For example, many types of swimming need repeated arm movements. Over time, the movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries. So it’s dangerous when they stay in the water alone, they may even drown（溺亡）. So the kids are not supposed to swim（4）②________ their parents’ company（陪伴）.
[5]Everyone should realize the importance of water safety. （75）To keep the kids safe, we need to learn more about what we should do. After all, everyone（4）③________ only one life!
46. Why is it easier for young kids to be burnt? （No more than 10 words）
________________________________________
47. What things should be put away to avoid the risk according to the third paragraph? （No more than 12 words）
________________________________________
48. What may happen if the kids repeat arm movements for a long time while swimming? （No more than 14 words）
________________________________________
49. Fill in each blank in the passage with one proper word.
①___________ ②___________ ③___________
50. Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________
51. If your classmate invites you to swim in the river, what’s your proper response（回應(yīng)）？Please write down your answer and list one or two reasons.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. Because they have thinner skin./Because their skin is thinner./Because they have thinner skin than older kids and adults.
47. Hair dryers and all other electrical appliances./Hair dryers and all other electrical appliances should be put away.
48. It/The movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries.或It/The movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries, and the kids may even drown.
49. ①. ①careful ②. ②without ③. ③ has/owns
50. 為了確保孩子們的安全，我們需要學(xué)習(xí)（了解）更多我們應(yīng)該做的事情。
51. Possible responses:
I will refuse to go with him (her) and advise him (her) not to do that.
I’ll refuse/turn down his (her) invitation and prevent/stop him (her) from going swimming in the river.
I’ll refuse to go with him (her) and tell his (her) parents/the teachers about it at once.
I’ll accept his (her) invitation if parents can go with us.
Possible reasons:
Because it’s dangerous for us to swim in the river without parents’ company./Because it breaks the school rules./Because our teacher told us not to swim alone./Because we’ll be safe if parents go swimming with us.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了如何保證小孩在水里的安全問題。
【46題詳解】
根據(jù)“These young kids have thinner skin than older kids and adults, so it’s easier for them to be burnt”可知，這些年幼的孩子比年長的孩子和成年人的皮膚更薄，所以更容易燒傷，故填Because they have thinner skin./Because their skin is thinner./Because they have thinner skin than older kids and adults.
【47題詳解】
根據(jù)“Remember to put away hair dryers and all other electrical appliances（家用電器）to avoid the risk”可知，把吹風(fēng)機和所有其他電器收起來，以避免風(fēng)險 ，故填Hair dryers and all other electrical appliances./Hair dryers and all other electrical appliances should be put away.
【48題詳解】
根據(jù)“Over time, the movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries. So it’s dangerous when they stay in the water alone, they may even drown”可知，這種動作會導(dǎo)致肩部和頸部受傷，甚至可能會溺水，故填I(lǐng)t/The movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries.或It/The movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries, and the kids may even drown.
【49題詳解】
根據(jù)“Be… of the hot water”可知，此處指要小心熱水，be careful of“小心”。根據(jù)“So the kids are not supposed to swim… their parents’ company”可知，此處指沒有家長的陪伴，孩子們不應(yīng)該獨自游泳，without“沒有”。根據(jù)“everyone… only one life”可知，每個人只有一個生命，have“有”，own“擁有”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，不定代詞everyone作主語，動詞用三單，故填careful；without；has/owns。
【50題詳解】
keep the kids safe“確保孩子們的安全”，動詞不定式表目的狀語；need to do sth“需要做某事”；learn more about what we should do“學(xué)習(xí)（了解）更多我們應(yīng)該做的事情”，故填：為了確保孩子們的安全，我們需要學(xué)習(xí)（了解）更多我們應(yīng)該做的事情。
【51題詳解】
開放性題，答案合理即可。參考答案為：I will refuse to go with him (her) and advise him (her) not to do that.
I’ll refuse/turn down his (her) invitation and prevent/stop him (her) from going swimming in the river.
I’ll refuse to go with him (her) and tell his (her) parents/the teachers about it at once.
I’ll accept his (her) invitation if parents can go with us.
Because it’s dangerous for us to swim in the river without parents’ company./Because it breaks the school rules./Because our teacher told us not to swim alone./Because we’ll be safe if parents go swimming with us.
第三節(jié)寫作（共1題，滿分25分）
52. 讓青少年利用課余時間參加志愿者服務(wù)活動，對其成長具有重要意義，可以幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)新技能，增強溝通能力和社會責(zé)任感。暑假將至，請根據(jù)下面表格中的內(nèi)容提示，以 “My Volunteer Work Plan” 為題寫一篇英語短文，介紹你選擇的活動項目及活動計劃，并談?wù)剠⒓又驹刚叻?wù)活動的意義。
Volunteer Work
◎Help in the city library ◎Clean up the city parks
◎Hold a charity bazaar（義賣） ◎Do volunteer work in a hospital
◎Visit the old people’s home ◎…
要求: 1. 可選擇表格中的1-2個活動項目，也可自擬活動項目；
2. 語句通順，意思連貫，詞數(shù)80-100；
3. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名、校名、地名等與考生本人相關(guān)的信息。
My Volunteer Work Plan
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Volunteer Work Plan
The summer holiday is coming. I am going to do some volunteer work. I will help to clean up the city park. Of course, I will ask more people to join me. I will call up my friends and ask them to come. We will pick up the litter, the plastic bags and other waste things. I hope our city will be more beautiful. Besides, I am going to visit sick kids in hospital. I love children and enjoy getting along with them. I will sing for the kids at the city hospital to cheer them up. I hope they can be better soon.
Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but also I get to spend time doing what I love to do. All in all, I will enjoy myself in the summer holiday.
【解析】
【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。介紹自己的暑假期間的志愿者計劃。
2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主要采用一般將來時，人稱采用第一人稱為主。分為兩段式：第一段介紹自己的志愿者計劃以及打算做些什么事情；第二段表達(dá)自己做志愿者的感悟。寫作時保持主謂一致性，做到無語法和標(biāo)點錯誤。

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2023年山東省泰安市中考英語真題（含解析）
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