?南外仙林2023年中考適應性測試
英語
一、單選填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
1. Our own aircraft, C919 successfully landed at Beijing Capital Airport ________ the afternoon of May 28, 2023.
A on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】句意：2023年5月28日下午，我們自己的飛機C919在北京首都機場成功降落。
考查介詞辨析。on后接具體某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上；in后接年、月、季節(jié)等或泛指的上午、下午、晚上；at后接具體時刻；for后接一段時間。題干中“the afternoon of May 28, 2023”指具體一天的下午，應用介詞on。故選A。
2. —I need to buy a silk dress. The temperature will be much ________ tomorrow.
— Yes. Summer is coming.
A. higher B. lower C. colder D. warmer
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——我需要買一件絲綢連衣裙。明天的氣溫會高得多?！堑?。夏天來了。
考查詞匯辨析。higher更高的；lower更低的；colder更冷的；warmer更暖和的。temperature“溫度”，表示溫度的高低用higher/lower，排除CD選項。結合“Summer is coming.”可知，溫度變高了。故選A。
3. The coronation(加冕) of Charles III was a more modest size than of the late Queen Elizabeth, with far fewer guests in Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特大教堂) and a march back to Buckingham Palace which only covered about a quarter of the distance compared to 1953.
A. it B. that C. one D. this
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：查理三世的加冕典禮規(guī)模比已故伊麗莎白女王的加冕典禮要小得多，威斯敏斯特大教堂的賓客要少得多，而返回白金漢宮的游行距離與1953年相比只有四分之一左右。
考查指示代詞。it它；that那個；one一個；this這個。在比較結構中，that指代可數名詞單數（相當于the one）或不可數名詞，在該句中特指the coronation f the late Queen Elizabeth“已故伊麗莎白女王的加冕典禮”，故選B。
4. Elon Musk spoke highly of China Space that “The China space program is far more advanced than most people realize.” ________ he arrived in China last week.
A. until B. as soon as C. unless D. because
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：埃隆·馬斯克上周一到中國就高度評價中國航天，稱“中國的航天計劃遠比大多數人意識到的要先進”。
考查連詞辨析。until直到；as soon as一……就……；unless除非；because因為。分析句子可知，此處指馬斯克一到中國就高度稱贊中國航天，故用as soon as引導時間狀語從句。故選B。
5. The weather is changeable these days. It rainy and cloudy in the past few days. I hope that tomorrow will be a sunny day.
A. will be B. is C. has been D. was
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：這些天天氣多變，過去幾天一直陰雨連綿。我希望明天是個陽光明媚的日子。
考查現(xiàn)在完成時。根據時間狀語“in the past few days”可知，句子是現(xiàn)在完成時，即have/has+過去分詞，且主語是第三人稱單數，故選C。
6. —Daniel, you spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——丹尼爾，你不準把書弄得滿地都是。這是規(guī)定?！獙Σ黄穑也粫?。
考查情態(tài)動詞。couldn’t不能，表示能力；needn’t不需要，表示義務；mustn’t不準，表示禁止；wouldn’t不肯，表示意愿。根據“you … spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule.”可知，不準把書弄得滿地都是，這是一條規(guī)定。故選C。
7. —Is there any new movie on at the cinema?
—Yes. ________ the film Godspeed(《人生路不熟》) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 are wonderful. You can choose ________ of them to see.
A. Both; neither B. None; each C. All; none D. Both; either
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——電影院有新電影上映嗎？——是的。電影《人生路不熟》和《銀河護衛(wèi)隊3》都很棒。你可以選擇其中任意一個去看。
考查不定代詞。both兩者都；neither兩者都不；none沒有一個；each每一個；all三者及三者以上都；either兩者中的任何一個。根據“... the film Godspeed(《人生路不熟》) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 are wonderful. You can choose ... of them to see.”可知，這兩個電影都很棒，第一空用both；可以選擇兩個中的任意一個去看，第二空用either。故選D。
8. Life often ________ to be harder than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst.
A. works out B. breaks out C. turns out D. runs out
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：生活往往比我們預想的要更艱難。我們應該做好最壞的打算。
考查動詞短語。works out解決；breaks out爆發(fā)；turns out結果是；runs out用完。根據“Life often...to be harder than we expect”可知生活結果會比預想的要更艱難。故選C。
9. Learning English in a classroom is important, while using English in real ________ will improve your English skills greatly.
A. positions B. events C. situations D. experiences
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：在教室里學習英語很重要，而在真實情景中使用英語會大大提高你的英語技能。
考查名詞辨析。positions位置；events事件；situations情況；experiences經歷。根據“using English in real...will improve your English skills greatly.”可知，此處指在真實情景中使用英語，situations符合句意。故選C。
10. —Time is running out, isn’t it?
—Well, we have twenty minutes to finish the puzzle, no more and no less.
A. usually B. quickly C. exactly D. nearly
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——時間不多了，不是嗎？——好吧，我們剛好有二十分鐘的時間來完成這個謎題，不多也不少。
考查副詞辨析。usually通常；quickly快速地；exactly精確地、確切地；nearly幾乎。根據“no more and no less”可知，時間不多不少，正好二十分鐘。故選C。
11. Liu Fengjun, the final assembly inspector(總裝檢驗員)of Shenzhou VI. is like a scanner. He checks every step again and again. In his opinion, quality check is something extremely important. Just as the saying goes, ________.
A. Every dog has its day B. Don’t put all the eggs in one basket
C. Actions speak louder than words D. You can’t be too careful
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】句意：神舟六號總裝檢驗員劉鳳軍就像一臺掃描儀。他一遍又一遍地檢查每一步。在他看來，質量檢查是一件極其重要的事情。正如俗話所說，你再小心也不為過。
考查諺語。Every dog has its day風水輪流轉；Don’t put all the eggs in one basket不要孤注一擲；Actions speak louder than words事實勝于雄辯；You can’t be too careful再小心也不為過。根據“He checks every step again and again. In his opinion, quality check is something extremely important.”可知，他一遍一遍地檢查每個步驟，即再小心也不為過。故選D。
12. Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made David our monitor.”?
A. I bought my sister a present last Thursday. B. We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer.
C. My parents offer me everything. D. I wish we all have a bright future.
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：以下哪句話的句子結構與“我們都讓大衛(wèi)當班長”相同？
考查基本句型?！癢e all made David our monitor.”句型是“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語”?！癐 bought my sister a present last Thursday.”句型是“主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語”；“We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer.”句型是“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語”；“My parents offer me everything.”句型是“主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語”；“I wish we all have a bright future.”句型是“主語+謂語+賓語從句”，屬于復合句。故選B。

13. Which of the following sentences has an object clause?
A. Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger.
B. I will go travelling alone after I graduate.
C. I think it’s fun to learn foreign languages.
D I choose white because it matches any other color.
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：下列哪個句子有賓語從句？
考查賓語從句。Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger.“那些不能打敗你的，終將會讓你更強大?！?，其中“who cannot defeat you”是定語從句，修飾先行詞who；I will go travelling alone after I graduate.“畢業(yè)后我將獨自旅行。”，其中“after I graduate”是時間狀語從句；I think it’s fun to learn foreign languages.“我認為學習外語很有趣?！?，其中“it’s fun to learn foreign languages”是賓語從句，省略了連接詞that；I choose white because it matches any other color.“我選擇白色是因為它和其他任何顏色都相配。”，其中“because it matches any other color”是原因狀語從句。故選C。
14. —How do you like Michelle Yeoh’s speech to Harvard Law School Class of 2023?
— I can’t think too highly of it.
A. It’s not my cup of tea.
B. It all depends.
C. It’s really fantastic.
D. No one knows for certain.
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——你覺得楊紫瓊在哈佛法學院2023屆的演講怎么樣？——真是太棒了，我認為再怎么高度評價都不為過。
考查情景交際。It’s not my cup of tea.“這不是我喜歡的。”；It all depends.“視情況而定?！?；It’s really fantastic.“真是太棒了?！?；No one knows for certain.“沒有人確切知道。”。根據“I can’t think too highly of it.”可知，再怎么稱贊也不為過，真的太棒了。故選C。
15. —Would you mind giving us students some advice?
—________. Stay loose and know your limits.
A. Of course not. B. Never mind. C. That’s all right. D. No way.
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——你介意給我們學生一些建議嗎？——當然不介意。保持放松，了解自己的極限。
考查情景交際。Of course not.當然不；Never mind.沒關系；That’s all right.沒關系；No way.沒門。上文詢問是否介意給學生意見，結合“Stay loose and know your limits.”可知，下文給出了意見，可知不介意。故選A。
二、完型填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入相應空白處的最佳選項。
It is not always easy to discover yourself. From a young age, I had a strong sense of who I would become—but an accident ____16____ everything.
To me, skating was more important than anything else in the world. Nothing else filled my heart with so much joy. I spent 24 hours a week ____17____ my skills. I had no social life or interests other than skating. But I was rewarded with first place medals in nearly every ____18____.
Unfortunately, during one competition, I fell and was ____19____ hurt. The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even basic daily tasks became ____20____.
My passion (激情) had been ____21____. I lost heart and had no idea what I would become. After eight months of suffering, something had to change. ____22____ sitting around and wasting my days, I began to work with local community service projects. By volunteering as a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant (助教) for kids, I got a(n) ____23____ of who I wanted to become. After a few months, I found a new interest. Little by little, I stepped out of the shadow and rebuilt my ____24____.
Sometimes, challenges in life will get in our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges. My accident was a challenge that _____25_____ to stop me from reaching success. Today, I’m a very confident and optimistic (樂觀的) person.
16. A. saved B. discovered C. solved D. changed
17. A. challenging B. developing C. growing D. playing
18. A. competition B. mistake C. detail D. exam
19. A. hardly B. quickly C. badly D. nearly
20. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. possible
21. A. given up B. taken away C. turned on D. put up
22. A. Instead of B. Since C. Even though D. Although
23. A. skill B. road C. idea D. time
24. A. accident B. confidence C. health D. happiness
25. A. won B. happened C. failed D. worried
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為一場事故被迫中止自己熱愛的滑冰運動, 作者因此對生活消極絕望, 最后通過志愿者工作改變了自己, 并變得樂觀自信。
【16題詳解】
句意：從很小的時候起, 我就對自己會成為什么樣的人有強烈的預感——但一場意外改變了一切。
saved拯救；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；solved解決；changed改變。根據“I had a strong sense of who I would become”以及轉折連詞but可知, 意外使一切改變。故選D。
【17題詳解】
句意：我每周花24小時來提高我的技能。
challenging挑戰(zhàn)；developing發(fā)展，提高；growing生長；playing玩。根據“I spent 24 hours a week”可知, 這里表示作者每周花24小時來提高滑冰技能。故選B。
【18題詳解】
句意：但是我?guī)缀踉诿恳粓霰荣愔卸极@得了第一名的獎牌。
competition比賽；mistake錯誤；detail細節(jié)；exam考試。根據“I was rewarded with first place medals”可知, 是在比賽中獲得獎牌。故選A。
【19題詳解】
句意：不幸的是, 在一次比賽中, 我摔了一跤, 受了重傷。
hardly幾乎不；quickly迅速地；badly嚴重地；nearly幾乎。根據“The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore.”可知, 作者受傷嚴重。故選C。
【20題詳解】
句意：背部的疼痛讓我難以忍受, 甚至基本的日常任務都變得困難。
necessary必要的；important重要的；difficult困難的；possible可能的。根據“The pain in my back was hard to bear”可知, 完成日常任務是困難的。故選C。
【21題詳解】
句意：我的激情被帶走了。
given up放棄；taken away帶走；turned on打開；put up張貼。根據“I lost heart and had no idea what I would become.”可知, 這里表示作者喪失了激情。故選B。
【22題詳解】
句意：我沒有閑坐著浪費時間, 而是開始參與當地的社區(qū)服務項目。
Instead of代替，而不是；Since自從；Even though盡管；Although雖然。根據“I began to work with local community service projects.”可知, 作者不再閑坐著浪費時間。故選A。
【23題詳解】
句意：通過志愿為孩子們做游泳老師和暑期閱讀助教, 我對自己想成為什么樣的人有了一個想法。
skill技術；road道路；idea想法；time時間。根據“who I wanted to become”可知, 這是一個想法。故選C。
【24題詳解】
句意：漸漸地, 我走出了陰影, 重新樹立了信心。
accident事故；confidence信心；health健康；happiness快樂。根據“After a few months, I found a new interest.”可知, 作者找回了信心。故選B。
【25題詳解】
句意：我的事故是一個挑戰(zhàn), 但它未能阻止我走向成功。
won贏得；happened發(fā)生；failed失敗，未能；worried擔憂。根據“Today, I’m a very confident and optimistic person.”可知, 作者的失敗未能阻止他走向成功。故選C。
三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
A

26. It’s clear that the restaurant ________.
A. offers Chinese food B. was set up more than twenty years ago
C. gets no awards at all D. is good at cooking ducks
27. The poster doesn’t tell us ________.
A. the address of the restaurant B. the price of food
C. the phone number of the restaurant D. the way to order food
28. Which country does the restaurant lie in?
A China. B. India. C. America. D. Canada.
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一家餐廳的海報，介紹其地址、訂餐方式等信息。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據“Serving Fine Indian Cuisine for the past 22 years”可知，這家餐廳在過去的22年里一直提供優(yōu)質的印度菜，可知這家餐廳是20多年前創(chuàng)辦的。故選B。
【27題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據海報可知，海報中介紹了這家餐廳的地址、電話及訂餐方式，沒有介紹食物價格。故選B。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據“Vancouver”可知，這家餐廳位于加拿大溫哥華。故選D。
B
Type in “A cat wants to go to space” and ask ChatGPT to write a bedtime story. Just one second later, you’ll get the story of Max, who made his way past many difficulties to sing among the stars.
Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has taken the Internet by storm, winning 100 million users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create recipes, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of Internet text to help users get human-like text.”
Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger database for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will make corrections. “It’s a totally different product, ”computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University told Taijing Daily. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is equal to a college student. That’s why it shocked the world.”
But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write a paper, it “gave out nonexistent academic citations (不存在的學術引用)”, he told The Guardian. Since the robot is trained using words from the Internet, it can also pick up on the Internet’s personal views about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.
29. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?
A. What ChatGPT can do for a cat. B. How ChatGPT learns about space.
C. The possibility for a cat to go to space. D. An example of a story created by ChatGPT.
30. What makes ChatGPT an excellent chatbot?
a. It can learn things by itself. b. It will give people false information.
c. It has a huge database for training. d. It’s cleverer than any college student.
A. ab B. ac C. bd D. abc
31. According to the passage which of the following is more suitable for ChatGPT to do?
A. Make dishes. B. Create new languages.
C. Write scientific papers. D. Translate texts.
32. Why does ChatGPT make mistakes?
A. It likes false information more.
B. Some of the young users cannot use it correctly.
C. It can’t learn all the answers from the Internet.
D. It can’t tell right from wrong between the information online.
【答案】29. D 30. B 31. D 32. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了ChatGPT的優(yōu)劣勢。
【29題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據第一段可知，主要講述了輸入“一只貓想去太空”，ChatGPT能寫一個故事。故選D。
【30題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger database for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself.”可知，與Siri或其他聊天機器人相比，ChatGPT使用更大的數據庫進行訓練，它還使用更強大的軟件和硬件來自己學習。故選B。
【31題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create recipes, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions.”可知，人們可以讓機器人寫故事和電子郵件，制作食譜，翻譯語言，回答各種問題。故選D。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據最后一段“But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information...Since the robot is trained using words from the Internet, it can also pick up on the Internet’s personal views about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.”可知，ChatGPT的一個大問題是它會犯錯誤，甚至提供虛假信息。由于機器人是使用互聯(lián)網上的單詞進行訓練的，它也可以在互聯(lián)網上了解某些群體的個人觀點，這些都是需要處理的事情，即需要處理互聯(lián)網上的對錯信息。由此推斷，ChatGPT會因為無法區(qū)分網上信息的對錯而犯錯。故選D。
C
Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
On Nov. 29, Chinese traditional tea processing skills and their related social practices were added to the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage (非物質文化遺產) list. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea.
More importantly, China’s tea culture has formed Chinese customs. It is Chinese traditional custom that a host should welcome visiting guests with boiled tea. A poem by Song poet Du Lei reads, “I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night. When water boils on the stove, fire burns with flame bright.”
Boiling tea is one of the oldest Chinese tea brewing methods, dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618—907). Tea leaves were boiled for a long time and sometimes they were cooked together with different kinds of herbs and fruits. During this process, people can enjoy a quiet time. Later in the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644), a faster and more convenient method become more popular—steeping (沖泡).
________. On the app Xiaohongshu or Little Red Book, there are over 40,000 posts on the topic of “stove-boiled tea” (圍爐煮茶). They lightly roast tea leaves before boiling them in a teapot on a stove. People sit around the stove in a natural setting and have snacks with their hot tea. Some also wear traditional hanfu as if it could take them back to those ancient times. Through “stove-boiled tea”, people can taste a slower life and find their inner peace. As is written in one Xiaohongshu post, “It is very relaxing to drink hot tea, feel the fall breeze, and chat with best friends.”
33. The writer introduces the topic by ________.
A. asking questions B. listing numbers
C. telling stories D. stating facts
34. We can learn from the third paragraph that ________.
A. Du Lei is a great poet in Tang-Dynasty
B. “stove-boiled tea” becomes popular again
C. Chinese tea culture has spread to western countries
D. it is an old tradition to welcome guests with boiled tea
35. The best sentence to fill in the blank in the last paragraph is “________”.
A. Let’s try the old method of boiling tea in spare time
B. These days, the old method is making a comeback
C. Chinese invented many different ways of drinking tea
D. Therefore, it is a good choice to drink tea with friends
36. The writer writes this passage to ________.
A. introduce a popular way of making tea, “stove-boiled tea”
B. invite more and more people around the world to visit China
C. call on the young to learn more about Chinese traditional tea
D. show how popular and interesting the app Xiaohongshu is
【答案】33. D 34. D 35. B 36. C
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)的茶文化。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據“Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.”可知作者通過陳述事實來介紹這個話題。故選D。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“It is Chinese traditional custom that a host should welcome visiting guests with boiled tea.”可知用煮好的茶來歡迎客人是一個古老的傳統(tǒng)。故選D。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據“On the app Xiaohongshu, or Little Red Book, there are over 40,000 posts on the topic of ‘stove-boiled tea’.”可知“圍爐煮茶”這個傳統(tǒng)又重新流行起來，此處填“These days, the old method is making a comeback”表示“現(xiàn)在，舊方法正在卷土重來”。故選B。
【36題詳解】
寫作目的題。本文主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)的茶文化。作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁年輕人更多地了解中國傳統(tǒng)茶，故選C。
D


Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物種).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗爭) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(適應) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打獵) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
37. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Culture belongs to human nature.
B. Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C. Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D. Education pushes the human species to progress.
38. Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
39. The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit
40. What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A. Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B. Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C. Nature and culture are different but connected.
D. Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇議論文，自然和文化常常被視為對立的觀點，但是人類發(fā)展的研究表明，文化，無論是作為一種反對自然的努力還是自然的努力，都是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分。生物的發(fā)展和文化的發(fā)展是緊密相連的，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關。
【37題詳解】
段落大意題。根據“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗爭) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人們把教育的過程看作是一場與人性的斗爭，教育把文化作為一種方式，讓我們擺脫最廣泛的天性。所以本段想說明教育推動人類進步。故選D。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據“Consider, for example, hunting(打獵) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打獵似乎是一種適應，使人類能夠進入新的和不同的地區(qū)，打開改變生活習慣的機會。文章提到打獵是為了展示文化是如何隨著人類適應環(huán)境而發(fā)展的。故選C。
【39題詳解】
詞義猜測題。分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關。就像蝸牛帶著它們的殼一樣，我們也帶著我們的文化。所以此處transmission的意思是“傳播”，故選B。
【40題詳解】
觀點態(tài)度題。根據“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物種).”可知，作者認為文化，無論是作為一種反對自然的努力還是自然的努力，都是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分，作者認為自然和文化之間是對立且密切聯(lián)系的。故選C。
四、詞匯（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
（A)根據括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確。
41. You can’t go into this ________(私人的) garden if you are not allowed to.
【答案】private
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：如果你不被允許，你就不能進入這個私人花園。根據中文提示，可得單詞private，形容詞，在句中作定語，修飾名詞garden。故填private。
42. Students can __________ (借) the books for only two weeks. But they only need to renew online.
【答案】keep
【解析】
【詳解】句意：這些書學生們只可以借兩周，但他們只需要在網上續(xù)借。“借”borrow，短暫性動詞；由“for only two week”可知，用延續(xù)性動詞，borrow對應的延續(xù)性動詞是keep，且情態(tài)動詞can后加動詞原形。故填keep。
43. In fact, Alice In Wonderland was __________ (專門地) written for Lewis Carol’s friends’ children.
【答案】especially
【解析】
【詳解】句意：事實上，《愛麗絲夢游仙境》是專門為Lewis Carol的朋友的孩子們寫的?！皩ｉT地”especially，副詞，修飾動詞was written。故填especially。
44. If success is a gate, the road _________ (穿過) this gate must be made up of difficulties.
【答案】through
【解析】
【詳解】句意：如果成功是一扇大門，那么通過這扇大門的道路一定充滿了困難。該句中“穿過”指的是內部穿過，用through。故填through。
45. Nothing can _________ (隔開) overseas Chinese from our motherland because they are part of us forever.
【答案】separate
【解析】
【詳解】句意：海外華人永遠是我們的一部分，沒有什么能把他們與祖國分開。separate“隔開”，動詞，情態(tài)動詞can后用其原形。故填separate。
B）根據句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。
46. The teacher has told me many times __________ (not come) late again.
【答案】not to come
【解析】
【詳解】句意：老師已經多次告訴我不要再遲到了。tell sb not to do“告訴某人不要做某事”，動詞不定式作賓語補足語，不定式to do的否定式是not to do，故填not to come。
47. Don’t hand in your report until all the information ___________(check).
【答案】is checked
【解析】
【詳解】句意：直到所有的信息都被核查才能上交你的報告。句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，all the information是不可數名詞，和動詞check之間是被動關系，動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動形式is checked。故填is checked。
48. —How is your program getting along?
—Jack __________ (agree) to help us, but he has changed his mind.
【答案】agreed
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——你們的項目進展如何？——杰克之前同意幫我們，但是他已經改變主意了。根據“but he has changed his mind”可知，他已經改變了主意，說明“同意幫我們”是發(fā)生在過去的動作，用一般過去時，所以謂語動詞agree用過去式agreed。故填agreed。
49. I don’t think Echo’s life is _________ (mean). She can do as well as her cousins if she is more confident in herself.
【答案】meaningless
【解析】
【詳解】句意：我認為Echo的生活不是毫無意義的。如果她對自己更有信心，她可以做得和她的表兄弟們一樣好。be動詞后加形容詞，根據“She can do as well as her cousins if she is more confident in herself.”可知，如果她對自己更有信心，她可以做得和她的表兄弟們一樣好，所以她的生活并不是沒有意義的。mean“意思是”，動詞；meaningless“無意義的”，形容詞。故填meaningless。
50. China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship entered the country’s space station last Tuesday. I _________ (watch) that exciting moment on TV all the time.
【答案】was watching
【解析】
【詳解】句意：上周二，中國的神舟十六號宇宙飛船進入中國空間站。我一直在電視上看那個激動人心的時刻。watch“觀看”，動詞。根據“l(fā)ast Tuesday”可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，結合“all the time”可知，此處指過去某個時間段一直在做某事，應為過去進行時，結構是was/were doing，主語是I，故用was。故填was watching。
C)選詞填空
根據短文內容，從下面方框中選擇適當的單詞或短語填空，使對話內容完整正確。
Since the number of is expected to work as central
China plans to hire 52,300 college graduates this year to ___51___ primary and middle school teachers in under-developed rural (農村的) areas in ___52___ and western China, according to the Ministry of Education an Ministry of Finance. The special effort ___53___ improve the teaching quality in rural schools. It also plans to increase ___54___ teachers in subjects such as physical education, foreign languages, science and art. ___55___ the program started in 2006, 1.03 million college graduates have been hired to work at rural schools.
【答案】51. work as
52. central
53. is expected to
54. the number of
55. Since
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了中國招聘5.23萬名大學畢業(yè)生，在中西部欠發(fā)達的農村地區(qū)擔任中小學教師。
【51題詳解】
句意：根據教育部和財政部的消息，中國計劃今年招聘5.23萬名大學畢業(yè)生，在中西部欠發(fā)達的農村地區(qū)擔任中小學教師。結合“hire 52,300 college graduates this year to ... primary and middle school teachers”和備選詞匯可知，招聘5.23萬名大學畢業(yè)生擔任中小學教師，work as“擔任、當”符合語境，故填work as。
【52題詳解】
句意：根據教育部和財政部的消息，中國計劃今年招聘5.23萬名大學畢業(yè)生，在中西部欠發(fā)達的農村地區(qū)擔任中小學教師。結合“in ... and western China”和備選詞匯可知，在中國中西部，central“中心的”符合語境，故填central。
【53題詳解】
句意：這項特別的計劃有望提高農村學校的教學質量。結合“The special effort ... improve the teaching quality in rural schools.”和備選詞匯可知，這次計劃有望提高農村學校的教學質量，is expected to“有望”符合語境，故填is expected to。
【54題詳解】
句意：此外，還計劃增加體育、外語、科學和藝術等學科的教師人數。結合“increase ... teachers”和備選詞匯開心，增加教師人數，the number of“……的人數”符合語境，故選the number of。
【55題詳解】
句意：自2006年啟動該計劃以來，已有103萬大學畢業(yè)生受雇于農村學校工作。根據主句“have been”可知是現(xiàn)在完成時，since“自從”后接一般過去時的句子，是現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語，故填Since。
五、閱讀填空（共20小題：每小題1分，滿分20分）
A)
閱讀下面短文，根據所給內容，在各小題的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞，每個空格只填一個單詞。
It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientusts say that the fruit may die out by 2050.
One reason for this is the weather change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected numbers from 27 countries and places that produce 86 percent of the world’s bananas. They found that weather change has made growing conditions in 21 of these countries better. In the past 60 years, the average yield (平均產量) has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare (每公頃).
However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world’s biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.
Shouldn’t bananas grow more easily if it’s hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature for growing bananas is between 24°C and 32°C. If the temperature gets too high, they will stop growing.
Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other plants, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings (莖段) rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype (基因型). In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.
One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus (真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana farm catches the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Have the scientists found a cure for this disease yet? No.
It’s hard to ___56___ a tasty banana. Bananas taste good and you can eat them ___57___ washing them.
Facts of growing
The perfect temperature for growing bananas is ___58___ 24°℃ to 32°℃.
bananas
Climate change has ___59___ growing conditions in some countries.
Scientists predicted bananas may ___60___ by 2050.
___61___ that bananas are facing
If the temperature keeps going ___62___ bananas will stop growing.
Banana plants have the same genotype, so they can possibly die from the same ___63___. Example: Panama, a serious disease, can ___64___ banana plantations from producing bananas for 30 years. Panama is caused by fungus in the soil and it is easy to ___65___.

【答案】56. refuse
57. without
58. from 59. improved
60. disappear
61. Problems
62. up
63. disease

64. prevent
65. spread
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了香蕉在未來幾十年后可能會消失的原因。
【56題詳解】
根據“It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana.”可知，很難拒絕香蕉的美味，turn down表示“拒絕”，與refuse同義；根據“It is+adj.+to do sth.”可知，此處應用動詞原形。故填refuse。
【57題詳解】
根據“They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them.”可知，吃香蕉不用洗，without表示“不用”，后接動名詞。故填without。
【58題詳解】
根據“the perfect temperature for growing bananas is between 24°C and 32°C.”可知，香蕉生長溫度在24到32°C之間。from... to...表示“從……到……”，符合語境。故填from。
【59題詳解】
根據“They found that weather change has made growing conditions in 21 of these countries better”可知，天氣變化改善了一些國家的生長條件。improve表示“改善”，動詞。由于句子使用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，has后面用動詞的過去分詞形式。故填improved。
【60題詳解】
根據“By 2050, the fruit may die out.”可知，2050年香蕉可能會滅絕。disappear表示“滅絕”，動詞；may是情態(tài)動詞，后面的動詞用原形。故填disappear。
【61題詳解】
根據表格右側最后兩欄可知，內容都在講述香蕉面臨的一些問題。problem表示“問題”，為可數名詞，此處不止一個問題，用復數形式，做標題首字母需大寫。故填Problems。
【62題詳解】
根據“If the temperature gets too high, they will stop growing.”可知，溫度太高，即溫度持續(xù)上升，香蕉會停止生長。go up表示“上升”。故填up。
【63題詳解】
根據倒數第二段可知，所有的香蕉都有可能死于同一種疾病。故填disease。
【64題詳解】
根據“If one banana farm catches the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again.”可知，這種疾病能讓農場30年產不出香蕉。prevent sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人/物做某事”；can是情態(tài)動詞，后面接動詞用原形。故填prevent。
【65題詳解】
根據“One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus in the soil, it spreads easily.”可知，巴拿馬疾病很容易傳播。spread表示“傳播”，動詞，此處結構為“it is+adj.+to do sth.”，所以應用動詞原形。故填spread。
B)
根據短文內容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。
China finally has its first male world chess champion! Ding Liren, 30, became the 17th world chess champion on April 30. He b___66___ Russian chess player Ian Nepomniachtchi in the 2023 World Chess Championship.
Ding is still a young man, but started winning early on. After first w___67___ China’s national junior chess championship at the age of 5, Ding went on to top his age group many t___68___ at the junior championships. He s___69___ the chess world by becoming the youngest Chinese chess champion in history—in 2009, he beat several e___70___ grandmasters (大師) at the Chinese Championship.
Ding has a bold (大膽的) playing style. A___71___ to Emil Sutovsky, the head of the International Chess Federation, Ding makes moves “w___72___ look very dangerous”. “He is walking a path where one single inaccuracy (不精確) in the calculation (計算) may lead to a l___73___ not just a draw,” Sutovsky told CGTN. However, Ding doesn’t think what he does is e___74___. He says he admires his E____75____ competitors’ creativity. “European players may be a little bit more adventurous in their play compared to us,” he said.
【答案】66. (b)eat
67. (w)on 68. (t)imes
69. (s)urprised
70. (e)lderly
71. (A)ccording
72. (w)hich
73. (l)oss 74. (e)special
75. (E)uropean
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了丁立人成為第17位國際象棋世界冠軍，以及他的下棋風格。
【66題詳解】
句意：他在2023年世界國際象棋錦標賽上擊敗了俄羅斯國際象棋選手伊恩·內普莫尼亞奇。根據“Ding Liren, 30, became the 17th world chess champion”可知，30歲的丁立人成為第17位國際象棋世界冠軍，由此可知他打敗了對手?！按驍　眀eat，由became可知，句子是一般過去時，beat用過去式beat。故填(b)eat。
【67題詳解】
句意：在5歲時第一次贏得中國青少年國際象棋錦標賽冠軍后，在青少年錦標賽中，他多次獲得同齡組的冠軍。根據“After first ... China’s national junior chess championship”及首字母可知，此處指贏得冠軍，win“贏得”，由“at the age of 5”可知，句子是一般過去時，謂語動詞win用過去式won。故填(w)on。
【68題詳解】
句意：在5歲時第一次贏得中國青少年國際象棋錦標賽冠軍后，在青少年錦標賽中，他多次獲得同齡組的冠軍。根據“ many...”及首字母和語境可知，此處指多次獲得冠軍，many times“很多次”，故填(t)imes。
【69題詳解】
句意：2009年，他在中國象棋錦標賽上擊敗了幾位年長的特級大師，成為歷史上最年輕的中國象棋冠軍，這讓國際象棋界大吃一驚。根據“in 2009, he beat several ... grandmasters at the Chinese Championship”可知，丁立人打敗年長的大師這件事是震驚象棋界的。surprise“使驚訝”，且句子是一般過去時，填過去式，故填(s)urprised。
【70題詳解】
句意：2009年，他在中國象棋錦標賽上擊敗了幾位年長的特級大師，成為歷史上最年輕的中國象棋冠軍，這讓國際象棋界大吃一驚。由“grandmasters”可知，象棋大師是年紀較大的，elderly“年紀較大的”，故填(e)lderly。
【71題詳解】
句意：國際象棋聯(lián)合會主席埃米爾·蘇托夫斯基表示，丁的下法“看起來非常危險”。according to“根據”，固定搭配，故填(A)ccording。
【72題詳解】
句意：國際象棋聯(lián)合會主席埃米爾·蘇托夫斯基表示，丁的下法“看起來非常危險”?！?.. look very dangerous”是定語從句，該空是關系代詞，指代先行詞moves，且在句中作主語，所以用which。故填(w)hich。
【73題詳解】
句意：蘇托夫斯基在接受CGTN采訪時表示：“他的下法是，計算中的一個錯誤可能會導致失利，而不僅僅是平局。” 根據“l(fā)ead to a ... not just a draw”可知，導致輸棋，而不僅僅是平局。loss“失敗”，名詞，故填(l)oss。
【74題詳解】
句意：丁認為自己做的事情并不特別。根據該段內容可知，埃米爾·蘇托夫斯基認為丁立人下法大膽冒險，但是他自己并不這么認為，他覺得歐洲對手更具冒險精神。由此可知，丁立人認為自己的下法并不特別，“特別”especial，故填(e)special。
【75題詳解】
句意：他說，他欽佩歐洲競爭對手的創(chuàng)造力。根據“European players may be a little bit more adventurous in their play compared to us”可知，他認為歐洲球員在比賽中可能更具冒險精神，由此可知他欽佩歐洲的競爭對手，European“歐洲的”，故填(E)uropean。
六、書面表達（滿分15分）
76. 近年來，在一些學生中出現(xiàn)了不珍惜勞動成果、不想勞動、不會勞動的現(xiàn)象。為此，國家最近印發(fā)了《關于全面加強新時代大中小學勞動教育的意見》。請你根據思維導圖結合實際，就如何培養(yǎng)勞動精神，以“How to Get Working Spirit”為題，給校報英語專欄寫一篇100字短文。

參考詞匯：指導方針guideline；勞動課a hardworking spirit class
How to Get Working Spirit
A guideline on hardworking spirit education came out recently in order to help morestudents of different ages to get working spirit._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
How to Get Working Spirit
A guideline on hardworking spirit education came out recently in order to help more students of different ages to get working spirit. As a middle school student, I welcome it warmly.
How to get working spirit? There are many ways. First of all, we should have hardworking spirit classes to learn some basic life skills at school every week. What’s more, we can take part in out-of-class activities such as planting trees or growing vegetables to enrich our real-world work experience. In addition, we need try to do some chores at home, like tidying rooms, washing clothes or cooking some dishes. Above all, we could form good working habits and value the importance of working hard through our experience.
In a word, the hardworking spirit education is necessary and it helps to build us up. Let’s take action!
【解析】
【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。以“How to Get Working Spirit”為題根據所給提示內容，結合實際，介紹下如何培養(yǎng)勞動精神。
2.寫作指導：本文時態(tài)采用一般現(xiàn)在時；人稱采用第一人稱。文章可采用三段式。第一段介紹指導方針的目的；第二段根據圖示內容具體介紹；第三段做總結。寫作時確保語句通順，無單詞語法錯誤。

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