?2023屆四川省雅安市高三上學(xué)期零診考試英語試題
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

一、閱讀理解
Here are some new books you may be interested in.
The Dream of Life by Philip Walker tells the unique and magical story of a girl and her mother living in a small room with no windows. The space between the walls of the room was actually all the girl knew because she had been born there. It’ll shock you, grieve you, and finally make you happy when you finish it. Attracted from the start, all kinds of readers don’t want to put it down.
◆Published in October 2022
◆Publisher: University College of London Press
The Dream of the Celt by Mario Vargas Llosa is the first novel that will take readers through the major events of the 20th century through three families. Much of its action is centered on World War II. Although it’s more than 700 pages long and has many characters, the stories are very closely connected.
◆Published in August 2022
◆Publisher: Imperial College London Press
The fiction master Tony Morrison returns with The Homecoming, a novel about a world-famous scientist. It is an interesting story, totally out of the ordinary, as good as anything a writer has ever written. Newly married people can learn much from the book.
◆Published in April 2022
◆Publisher: Oxford University Press
Kelteas Imley’s new work, The Invisible Fate, was an international best seller before its UK release in July. While it’s well written and sometimes funny, don’t be fooled-it’s not a feel-good romantic comedy. If you decide to read it, be prepared for some heavy moments.
◆Published in July 2022
◆Publisher: Cambridge University Press
1．What can be learnt about The Dream of Life?
A．It’s a collection of several stories. B．It has an unattractive beginning.
C．It’s suitable for children only. D．It has a happy ending.2．Which book is helpful for young couples?
A．The Dream of Life. B．The Homecoming.
C．The Invisible Fate. D．The Dream of the Celt.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They sell well internationally. B．They are authors’ biographies.
C．They are university publications. D．They focus on the wars’ cruelty.

Tariq Qaiser, an architect, is trying to protect mangroves (紅樹林). The trees could save Pakistan’s largest city Karachi, sitting on the Arabian Sea, from climate disaster. He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees. Very often, “you can’t hear a single bird because the chain saws are so loud. The trees are cut down illegally for firewood,” he says, shaking his head. Besides, developers clear the mangroves to make room for new buildings.
Karachi has a hot climate, and its concrete buildings and paved roads make it even hotter. Offshore, there are islands where mangroves grow. They could be the key to slowing climate change. Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air, holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can. They support diverse ecosystems. As sea levels rise with global warming, the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding. Karachi’s mangroves are disappearing. But its numbers are rising in other parts of Pakistan. With replanting efforts, the country has tripled (三倍于) its mangrove coverage over the past 30 years.
Qaiser’s work may have worked. Recently, a court in Karachi declared Bundal Island’s mangroves to be protected forests. But unforested parts of the island remain unprotected, and developers want to build there. City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars. They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.
Ecologist Rafiul Haq appreciates Qaiser’s “extraordinary work” educating the public about mangroves. But he wishes Qaiser would look at the bigger picture. Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi, Haq says. He thinks it’s wrong “to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93%” of it. But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.
4．What can we say about Karachi’s mangroves?
A．They’re eating into the building land. B．They’re suffering serious illegal-cutting.
C．They’re mainly being used as firewood. D．They’re attracting different kinds of birds.5．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning mangrove trees?
A．Their different birthplaces. B．Their huge diversity.
C．Their bonds with nature. D．Their rapid growth.6．What do the Karachi officials want to do?
A．Grow mangroves somewhere else. B．Build fences to protect mangroves.
C．Circle more mangrove reserves. D．Use mangroves to make more money.7．What does Haq think of Qaiser’s work on Karachi’s mangroves?
A．Fruitful. B．Cost-effective. C．Inconsistent. D．One-sided.

Recently, there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs that create art.
Dall-E 2, a tool from OpenAI, uses AI to create excellent paintings, photos, and other artworks in many different styles based on simple descriptions. Since then, OpenAI has changed its rules to allow people to sign up and use the tool, but it’s still putting strong controls on the art that can be created. However, now there’re several other AI tools that work in similar ways. They are free or cheap, and don’t have some of Dall-E 2’s limits. Midjourney is a website that allows users to create images (圖像) from short descriptions. Stable Diffusion is similar, but users can also run the program on their own computers.
The new tools are puissant, allowing people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists. For some creative workers, like those at companies that create ads or images, the tools allow them to quickly explore new ideas.
These AI programs can make strange mistakes. But with the right description, they’re able to create images of just about anything in just about any style. Artists say that they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet. In August, 2022, an artwork created with Midjourney won first prize at the Colorado State Fair, which upset many people.
The images and the descriptions used to train these AI programs are taken from the Internet. Their creators haven’t given permission for their images to be used. But their skills and talents are a huge part of what makes the new tools so successful. This has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear. Some artists’ groups say artists should get to decide if their works can be used by these tools.
8．What do we know about OpenAI?
A．It’s created several AI art tools. B．It’s earned much money for itself.
C．It’s made Dall-E 2 access limited. D．It’s possessed many works of art.9．What does the underlined word “puissant” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Expensive. B．Powerful. C．Time-consuming. D．Risk-taking.10．Which word best describes the artists facing the AI art tools?
A．Stressful. B．Doubtful. C．Cheerful. D．Grateful.11．What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph?
A．Technology advances faster than lawmaking. B．The training images will be open to the public.
C．AI tools will be banned because of copyright. D．Artists lack the skills to create modern works.

Ants have the ability to smell out cancer cells in humans, a new study has discovered, suggesting they could be used for cancer diagnosis in future. Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancer cells in humans.
To conduct their research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants smelling cells under a lab setting.
First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of human cancer cells. This smell was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different smells. One was a new smell and the second was the smell of the cancer cells. Once this test was successful, the scientists exposed the ants to different cancer cells. As such, the scientists found that “ants can distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells and different cancer cells.”
After training, Formica fusca ant can recognize the VOC sent out by cancer cells. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animal sense of smell to locate cancer cells. “Dogs noses are well suited for medical diagnosis and used for the recognition of cancer,” the researchers explained. However, training them to do so requires several months to a year. “Therefore, ants, as a tool for identifying cancer cells, are fast, efficient, cheap and have strong discrimination,” the team explained. “Our approach can also be used in a range of other complex smell identification tasks in the future, including identifying drugs, explosives, spoiled foods or diseases such as malaria.”
12．Why do scientists choose ants Formica fusca to experiment?
A．They behave much better than dogs. B．They are easy to be found in nature.
C．They are more efficient and cheaper. D．They have a perfect sense of smell.13．Which aspect of the study is paragraph 3 about?
A．Its purpose. B．Its procedure. C．Its background. D．Its significance.14．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To explain an unusual cure for cancer. B．To report the process of training ants.
C．To introduce a new way to identify cancer. D．To predict a medical study’s breakthrough.15．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Ants operate on cancer patients. B．Ants can stop humans getting cancer.
C．Scientists find ants are cancer-free. D．Ants can smell cancer effectively.


二、七選五
Email is a way of sending messages and data to other people by means of computers connected together in a network, which plays a very important role in our daily life. It is something that most of us use almost every day. 16
First of all, someone sends you a joke and doesn’t give you license to send it to your whole address book. 17 The same is true for emails that say “send this on” or that promise you rewards for it.
Even if it is amusing or really interesting, stop and consider if it is appropriate to send it to others. If you have work addresses for your contacts, do not send it to anyone’s place of employment if there is any inappropriateness. 18 Therefore, don’t get them in trouble by sending something that is not appropriate.
19 Don’t worry. Please put the contacts in the BCC line, which means “blind carbon copy”. This way, all of your contacts are protected.
When receiving an email, if it is a personal note, the polite thing to do is to acknowledge it, even if it is just a quick return email to say “thanks!”. 20
Use a subject line that clearly lets the receiver know what the email is regarding, which helps the receiver to decide whether there is need for him/her to read the email attentively or not.
A．Never show your name in your emails.
B．If it’s not absolutely amusing, don’t send it.
C．How about sending your emails to all your friends?
D．Many people have strict rules about what they can send and receive.
E．It’s rude to receive a friendly email from a friend or co-worker and just ignore it.
F．What if you ignore the above advice and send out emails to your whole address book?
G．But there are some tips for good manners when it comes to sending or receiving emails.


三、完形填空
98-year-old Mae Amburgey survived the historic 2022 Kentucky floods after her granddaughter shared an alarming photo.
Mae 21 escaped with her life after her apartment was flooded. The water level rose to 4 feet, 22 her, her son Larry, in his seventies, and her grandson Gregory.
They tried 23 several times to call for help, as most of the phone lines were down due to the 24 . Eventually, Gregory took a picture of his grandmother sitting on her bed with her legs dipped in the 25 water below and sent it to his sister Missy, who lives in Green Oaks, Illinois, and the instant she 26 the photo, it broke her heart.
She 27 this photo on a social networking website. 28 it, she wrote, “My grandmother, uncle and 29 are stuck in the house across from the high school. Anyone who has a boat around that area, please 30 !”
The shot soon went viral (走紅), attracting many people’s 31 . There were emergency boats nearby, but they failed to come because they couldn’t 32 the large portion of floodwater with a powerful current (水流). Both Larry and Mae are 33 , and young Gregory couldn’t help them 34 on his own. However, before the family lost 35 , one kind stranger entered the 36 just in time as the water kept rising.
The man 37 the home and helped each person get out. The three men helped Mae out and swam against the 38 current to safety.
No one knows who the man was, and he 39 before anyone could thank him. We hope his 40 comes back to him in some way.
21．A．barely B．nearly C．obviously D．immediately
22．A．challenging B．puzzling C．trapping D．a(chǎn)stonishing
23．A．by accident B．in advance C．in vain D．by luck
24．A．weather B．construction C．repair D．flood
25．A．warm B．dirty C．same D．special
26．A．mailed B．described C．saw D．remembered
27．A．found B．posted C．selected D．developed
28．A．Accompanying B．Clarifying C．Simplifying D．Confirming
29．A．sister B．brother C．mother D．father
30．A．stop B．wait C．listen D．help
31．A．imagination B．strength C．a(chǎn)ttention D．interest
32．A．check B．cross C．choose D．search
33．A．curious B．brave C．sorry D．old
34．A．escape B．walk C．return D．recover
35．A．love B．a(chǎn)im C．effort D．hope
36．A．scene B．office C．boat D．school
37．A．passed by B．drove along C．broke into D．kept off
38．A．extra B．timely C．final D．tough
39．A．disappeared B．a(chǎn)rrived C．continued D．worked
40．A．dream B．deed C．duty D．step


四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或所提供單詞的正確形式。
The UK is one of the world’s richest countries, but people are having difficulty 41 (pay) energy bills. Electricity and gas bills could rise fourfold this year. Even people on good salaries are feeling the pressure. Lower-paid workers and retirees may be faced with a hard 42 (choose) of heating or eating. Many towns have a temporary solution. They are converting libraries into spaces, 43 people can stay warm for free. These 44 (call) “heat banks”. Money-saving expert Martin Lewis says he is astonished by the idea of warm banks in a supposedly 45 (wealth) country. The UK already has 46 (hundred) of food banks for those who struggle to afford to eat.
47 (avoid) rising energy costs, Britons are taking serious measures. One woman has turned off her fridge. Now she’s keeping her food in cold water. A man has switched off his electric kettle 48 is drinking water instead of hot drinks. Last winter, a lady used her free bus pass to sit on a warm bus all day 49 (patient) instead of sitting at home in the cold. People are angry with oil companies who are making record profits. Each year in the UK, around 11,400 deaths are caused 50 cold weather. This figure will rise further this year.


五、短文改錯(cuò)
51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：
1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
People believe climbing can do well to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think you had to go to the mountains to learn climbing, you are wrong. Many people are learning what to climb in city gyms. To climb, you need special shoe and a safety belt around your chest hold you. A beginner’s climb wall is usually 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. The most difficulty part is to control your fear. Climbing attracts people because it’s a good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especial your arms and legs. When you climb, all your mind and body become stronger.

六、其他應(yīng)用文
52．假定你叫李華，是英國某中學(xué)的一名中國交換生。你從學(xué)校網(wǎng)站上得知你校將于2023年元旦舉辦有關(guān)中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的才藝展示會(huì) (talent show)。請(qǐng)你給組委會(huì)寫封郵件，請(qǐng)求參加該展示會(huì)，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你能展示的中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)；
2. 你的愿望。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；郵件開頭結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

參考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本書的情況。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’ll shock you, grieve you, and finally make you happy when you finish it.(它會(huì)讓你震驚，讓你悲傷，最后在你讀完它的時(shí)候讓你開心)”可知，The Dream of Life有一個(gè)幸福的結(jié)局。故選D。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The fiction master Tony Morrison returns with The Homecoming, a novel about a world-famous scientist. It is an interesting story, totally out of the ordinary, as good as anything a writer has ever written. Newly married people can learn much from the book.(小說大師托尼·莫里森帶著一部關(guān)于世界著名科學(xué)家的小說《歸鄉(xiāng)》回來了。這是一個(gè)有趣的故事，完全不同尋常，和作家寫過的任何東西一樣好。新婚的人們可以從這本書中學(xué)到很多東西)”可知，The Homecoming對(duì)年輕夫婦有幫助。故選B。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“◆Publisher: University College of London Press(出版社：倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院出版社)”；第二部分“◆Publisher: Imperial College London Press(出版社：倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院出版社)”；第三部分“◆Publisher: Oxford University Press(出版社：牛津大學(xué)出版社)”以及最后一部分“◆Publisher: Cambridge University Press(出版社：劍橋大學(xué)出版社)”可知，這四本書的共同點(diǎn)是都是大學(xué)出版物。故選C。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了建筑師Tariq Qaiser致力于保護(hù)巴基斯坦最大城市卡拉奇紅樹林的事跡。
4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段提到“ He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees. ”（他每周來本達(dá)爾島幾次，記錄非法砍伐紅樹林的情況。）由此判斷，卡拉奇的紅樹林正在遭受非法砍伐。故選B。
5．推理判斷題。第二段第二句提到“Offshore, there are islands where mangroves grow.??They could be the key to slowing climate change.??Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air, holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can.??They support diverse ecosystems. As sea levels rise with global warming, the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding.”（在近海，有紅樹林生長的島嶼。它們可能是減緩氣候變化的關(guān)鍵。紅樹林從空氣中吸收二氧化碳，其吸收的溫室氣體是其他森林的四倍。它們支持不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。隨著全球變暖導(dǎo)致海平面上升，這些樹木可以在保護(hù)卡拉奇等沿海城市免受洪水侵襲方面發(fā)揮重要作用。）由此判斷，第二段主要講述了紅樹林與自然的聯(lián)系，以及生態(tài)方面的關(guān)鍵作用。故選C。
6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段最后兩句提到“City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars. They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.”（市政府官員表示，這可以提供急需的住房，并帶來數(shù)十億美元的收入。他們聲稱，其中一些錢可以用來在巴基斯坦其他地區(qū)種植紅樹林。）由此判斷，政府官員會(huì)在其他的地方種植紅樹林。故選A。
7．推理判斷題。最后一段提到“Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi, Haq says. He thinks it’s wrong “to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93%” of it. But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.”（哈克說，巴基斯坦只有7%的紅樹林在卡拉奇。他認(rèn)為“關(guān)注全國7%的損失而忽視93%的成功”是錯(cuò)誤的。但是Qaiser認(rèn)為保護(hù)每一處都很重要。）哈奇認(rèn)為不能只關(guān)注到失敗的而不關(guān)注成功的方面，但卡拉奇認(rèn)為就算是再小的區(qū)域都要兼顧到，因此哈奇對(duì)于卡拉奇想法的認(rèn)識(shí)是片面的，不全面的。A. Fruitful.富有成果的；B. Cost-effective. 劃算的；C. Inconsistent.不一致的；D. One-sided.片面 的。故選D。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。最近，創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的人工智能程序有了巨大的進(jìn)步。這些程序可以根據(jù)簡短的描述創(chuàng)作出藝術(shù)作品，這讓很多人感到驚訝，但是這也存在一些問題。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Since then, OpenAI has changed its rules to allow people to sign up and use the tool, but it’s still putting strong controls on the art that can be created.(從那時(shí)起，OpenAI改變了規(guī)則，允許人們注冊(cè)并使用該工具，但它仍然對(duì)可以創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的控制。)”和“They are free or cheap, and don’t have some of Dall-E 2’s limits. (它們是免費(fèi)或便宜的，沒有一些 Dall-E2的限制。)”可知，OpenAI使Dall-E2有一些訪問限制。故選C。
9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“allowing people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine, even if they aren’t artists.(使人們能夠快速看到幾乎任何他們能想到的想法，即使他們不是藝術(shù)家。)”可知，這些新工具使人們能夠快速看到幾乎任何他們能想到的想法，這說明它們非常強(qiáng)大，由此可知，劃線單詞puissant意為“強(qiáng)大的”，與B項(xiàng)“Powerful.(強(qiáng)大的)”意思一樣，故選B。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Artists say that they’re now competing against computers for attention, prizes and jobs. It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet.(藝術(shù)家們表示，他們現(xiàn)在正與電腦競爭關(guān)注度、獎(jiǎng)品和工作。一個(gè)藝術(shù)家很難與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上出現(xiàn)的所有藝術(shù)和攝影作品競爭。)”可推知，面對(duì)人工智能藝術(shù)工具，藝術(shù)家感到有壓力，故選A。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“This has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. This is an area where the law isn’t clear.(這就引發(fā)了這些工具所做的事情是否公平或合法的問題。這是一個(gè)法律不明確的領(lǐng)域。)”可推知，人工智能繪畫工具是否合法是未知的，因?yàn)檫€沒有相關(guān)立法，這說明技術(shù)進(jìn)步比立法更快。故選A。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻有能力嗅出人類體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞，解釋了背后的原因以及研究開展的過程。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. (研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，一種名為福米卡的螞蟻具有發(fā)達(dá)的嗅覺。有限的試驗(yàn)表明，由于它們的嗅覺，它能夠區(qū)分癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞)”可知，科學(xué)家選擇蟻群作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象是因?yàn)樗鼈冇型昝赖男嵊X。故選D。
13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of human cancer cells. This smell was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different smells. One was a new smell and the second was the smell of the cancer cells. Once this test was successful, the scientists exposed the ants to different cancer cells. As such, the scientists found that “ants can distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells and different cancer cells.” (首先，專家們將螞蟻暴露在人類癌細(xì)胞樣本的氣味中。然后，這種氣味與糖溶液的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)聯(lián)系在一起。在第二步中，研究人員將螞蟻暴露在兩種不同的氣味中。一種是新的氣味，另一種是癌細(xì)胞的氣味。測(cè)試成功后，科學(xué)家們將螞蟻暴露在不同的癌細(xì)胞中。因此，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)“螞蟻可以區(qū)分癌細(xì)胞與健康細(xì)胞和不同的癌細(xì)胞?！?”可知，第三段講的是研究的程序。故選B。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻有能力嗅出人類體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞，解釋了背后的原因以及研究開展的過程。可推知，文章的目的是介紹一種識(shí)別癌癥的新方法。故選C。
15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ants have the ability to smell out cancer cells in humans, a new study has discovered, suggesting they could be used for cancer diagnosis in future. Researchers discovered that ant species called Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials showed. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancer cells in humans. (一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻有能力嗅出人類體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞，這表明它們將來可以用于癌癥診斷。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，一種名為福米卡的螞蟻具有發(fā)達(dá)的嗅覺。有限的試驗(yàn)表明，由于其嗅覺，它能夠區(qū)分癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞。但該團(tuán)隊(duì)表示，在將其用于醫(yī)院等臨床環(huán)境之前，必須進(jìn)行更多的臨床試驗(yàn)。他們認(rèn)為，在未來，螞蟻可能會(huì)比狗更擅長定位人類體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻有能力嗅出人類體內(nèi)的癌細(xì)胞，解釋了背后的原因以及研究開展的過程。可知，D選項(xiàng)“螞蟻能有效地嗅出癌癥”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
16．G 17．B 18．D 19．F 20．E

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些發(fā)送電子郵件的禮儀建議。
16．根據(jù)上文“Email is a way of sending messages and data to other people by means of computers connected together in a network, which plays a very important role in our daily life. It is something that most of us use almost every day.(電子郵件是通過連接在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的計(jì)算機(jī)向其他人發(fā)送信息和數(shù)據(jù)的一種方式，它在我們的日常生活中起著非常重要的作用。這是我們大多數(shù)人幾乎每天都在使用的東西)”結(jié)合后文主要介紹了收發(fā)電子郵件的建議，故G選項(xiàng)“但是在收發(fā)電子郵件時(shí)，還是有一些禮貌的建議的”符合語境，故選G。
17．根據(jù)上文“First of all, someone sends you a joke and doesn’t give you license to send it to your whole address book.(首先，有人給你發(fā)了一個(gè)笑話，但不允許你把它發(fā)送到你的整個(gè)地址簿)”以及后文“The same is true for emails that say “send this on” or that promise you rewards for it.(同樣的道理也適用于那些寫著“發(fā)送這個(gè)”或者承諾給你獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的郵件)”可知，上文提到了收到了一個(gè)笑話，可推測(cè)本句承接上文說明，如何處理這種情況，故B選項(xiàng)“如果不是很有趣，就不要發(fā)”符合語境，故選B。
18．根據(jù)上文“Even if it is amusing or really interesting, stop and consider if it is appropriate to send it to others. If you have work addresses for your contacts, do not send it to anyone’s place of employment if there is any inappropriateness.(即使它很有趣或真的很有趣，也要停下來考慮一下是否適合發(fā)給別人。如果你有聯(lián)系人的工作地址，如果有任何不合適的地方，不要把它發(fā)送到任何人的工作地點(diǎn))”可知，上文提到考慮是否適合發(fā)給別人，且提到不要把它發(fā)送到任何人的工作地點(diǎn)，本句說明原因：許多人對(duì)他們可以發(fā)送和接收的東西有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定。故D選項(xiàng)“許多人對(duì)他們可以發(fā)送和接收的東西有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定”符合語境，故選D。
19．根據(jù)后文“Don’t worry. Please put the contacts in the BCC line, which means “blind carbon copy”. This way, all of your contacts are protected.(別擔(dān)心。請(qǐng)把聯(lián)系人寫在BCC一行，意思是“密件抄送”。這樣，你所有的聯(lián)系人都受到保護(hù))”可知，后文提到了別擔(dān)心，可推測(cè)本句是在說明令人擔(dān)憂的情況：把電子郵件發(fā)給你的整個(gè)通訊錄。故F選項(xiàng)“如果你忽略了上面的建議，把電子郵件發(fā)給你的整個(gè)通訊錄呢？”符合語境，故選F。
20．根據(jù)上文“When receiving an email, if it is a personal note, the polite thing to do is to acknowledge it, even if it is just a quick return email to say “thanks!”.(當(dāng)收到一封私人郵件時(shí)，禮貌的做法是承認(rèn)它，即使它只是一封快速回復(fù)的電子郵件說“謝謝!”)”可知，上文提到要說謝謝，推測(cè)不能對(duì)郵件視而不見。故E選項(xiàng)“收到朋友或同事發(fā)來的友好的電子郵件卻視而不見是很不禮貌的”符合語境，故選E。

21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了98歲的梅·安伯吉在孫女分享了一張令人擔(dān)憂的照片后，在2022年肯塔基州的歷史性洪水中幸存下來的故事。
21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：梅的公寓被洪水淹沒后，她勉強(qiáng)逃過一劫。A. barely勉強(qiáng)才能；B. nearly幾乎；C. obviously顯而易見地；D. immediately立即。根據(jù)下文“The three men helped Mae out and swam against the 　　18　　 current to safety.”可知，Mae最終逃過了洪水，勉強(qiáng)逃過一劫。故選A。
22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：水位上升到4英尺，困住了她，她的兒子拉里，70多歲，和她的孫子格雷戈里。A. challenging挑戰(zhàn)；B. puzzling使困惑；C. trapping困??；D. astonishing使吃驚。根據(jù)前文“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，洪水漲到4英尺，困住了三個(gè)人。故選C。
23．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：他們徒勞地多次嘗試求助，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)電話線都因?yàn)楹樗袛嗔?。A. by accident偶然地；B. in advance提前；C. in vain徒勞地；D. by luck幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)下文“as most of the phone lines were down”可知，大部分電話線中斷了，因此求助是徒勞地。故選C。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. weather天氣；B. construction建筑；C. repair修理；D. flood洪水。根據(jù)前文“the historic 2022 Kentucky floods”和“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，發(fā)生了洪水。故選D。
25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，格雷戈里拍了一張他的祖母坐在床上和她的腿浸在臟水下面的照片，把它發(fā)送給他的妹妹Missy，她住在伊利諾斯州綠橡樹，她一收到照片，就感動(dòng)心碎了。A. warm溫暖的；B. dirty骯臟的；C. same同樣的；D. special特別的。根據(jù)常識(shí)和前文“The water level rose to 4 feet”可知，發(fā)洪水了，水是臟的。故選B。
26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. mailed郵寄；B. described描述；C. saw看見；D. remembered記住。根據(jù)上文“sent it to his sister Missy, who lives in Green Oaks, Illinois”和下文“it broke her heart”可知，Gregory把照片發(fā)給了妹妹，妹妹一看到母親困在洪水中的照片，心碎了。故選C。
27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她在社交網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布了這張照片。A. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. posted發(fā)布；C. selected選擇；D. developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)下文“this photo on a social networking website”可知，Missy把照片發(fā)布在社交網(wǎng)站上。故選B。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她還寫道：“我的祖母、叔叔和哥哥被困在高中對(duì)面的房子里。任何在那附近有船的人，請(qǐng)幫助！”A. Accompanying附帶；B. Clarifying澄清；C. Simplifying簡化；D. Confirming證實(shí)。根據(jù)后文“she wrote, “My grandmother, uncle and 　　9　　are stuck in the house across from the high school.”可知，發(fā)布了照片后，還附帶有文字。故選A。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. sister姐妹；B. brother兄弟；C. mother母親；D. father父親。根據(jù)前文“Gregory took a picture of his grandmother sitting on her bed with her legs dipped in the 　　5　　 water below and sent it to his sister Missy”可知，Gregory是Missy的兄弟。故選B。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. stop停止；B. wait等待；C. listen聽；D. help幫助。根據(jù)前文及常識(shí)可知，一家三人被困在洪水中，Missy發(fā)布照片求助，請(qǐng)那里有船的人幫助救援。故選D。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這張照片很快就火了，吸引了很多人的注意。A. imagination想象；B. strength力量；C. attention注意；D. interest興趣。根據(jù)下文“There were emergency boats nearby, but they failed to come”可知，照片吸引了人們的注意。故選C。
32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：附近有應(yīng)急船，但他們沒能來，因?yàn)樗麄儫o法穿過大片有強(qiáng)大水流的洪水。A. check檢查；B. cross橫穿；C. choose選擇；D. search搜尋。根據(jù)前文“but they failed to come”可知，他們無法穿過有著強(qiáng)大水流的洪水。故選B。
33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拉里和梅都上了年紀(jì)，年輕的格雷戈里無法獨(dú)自幫助他們逃脫。A. curious好奇的；B. brave勇敢的；C. sorry遺憾的；D. old年紀(jì)大的。根據(jù)前文“her son Larry, in his seventies”可知，拉里和梅都上了年紀(jì)。故選D。
34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. escape逃脫；B. walk走；C. return返回；D. recover恢復(fù)。根據(jù)前文可知，他們被困在洪水里面，此處說明想要逃脫困境。故選A。
35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在一家人失去希望之前，一個(gè)善良的陌生人及時(shí)出現(xiàn)在了現(xiàn)場，當(dāng)時(shí)水還在不斷上漲。A. love愛；B. aim目的；C. effort努力；D. hope希望。根據(jù)下文“one kind stranger entered the 　　16　　 just in time as the water kept rising”和before可知，在一家人失去逃脫的希望之前，有人來救援了。故選D。
36．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. scene現(xiàn)場；B. office辦公室；C. boat船；D. school學(xué)校。根據(jù)上文“The man 　　17　　 the home and helped each person get out.”可知，一個(gè)陌生人來到現(xiàn)場營救。故選A。
37．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：那人破門而入，把每個(gè)人都救了出來。A. passed by經(jīng)過；B. drove along沿著……開車；C. broke into破門而入；D. kept off使……不接近。根據(jù)下文“helped each person get out”可知，這個(gè)善良的人破門而入，救了三人。故選C。
38．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這三個(gè)人把梅救了出來，迎著激流游到了安全的地方。A. extra額外的；B. timely及時(shí)的；C. final最后的；D. tough堅(jiān)韌的。根據(jù)前文“floodwater with a powerful current (水流)”可知，水流強(qiáng)大。故選D。
39．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒人知道這個(gè)人是誰，還沒來得及感謝他，他就消失了。A. disappeared消失；B. arrived到達(dá)；C. continued繼續(xù)；D. worked工作。根據(jù)下文“We hope his 　　20　　 comes back to him in some way.”可知，沒人知道這個(gè)人是誰，因?yàn)樗芸炀拖Я?。故選A。
40．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們希望他的行為以某種方式使他得到回報(bào)。A. dream夢(mèng)想；B. deed行為；C. duty職責(zé)；D. step腳步。根據(jù)前文“The man 　　17　　 the home and helped each person get out.”可知，這個(gè)人的行為值得以某種方式得到回報(bào)。故選B。

41．paying 42．choice 43．where 44．a(chǎn)re called 45．wealthy 46．hundreds 47．To avoid 48．a(chǎn)nd 49．patiently 50．by

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國是世界上最富有的國家之一，但是人們卻很難支付能源費(fèi)用。為了應(yīng)對(duì)此問題，英國人正在采取措施。
41．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：英國是世界上最富有的國家之一，但是人們卻很難支付能源費(fèi)用。have difficulty (in) doing固定搭配，意為“很難做某事”，因此用所給詞的動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。故填paying。
42．考查名詞。句意：低收入工人和退休人員可能面臨取暖或吃飯的艱難選擇。此處應(yīng)用名詞choice，作賓語，由a可知，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填choice。
43．考查定語從句。句意：他們正在把圖書館改造成人們可以免費(fèi)取暖的空間?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞spaces，且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)，故填where。
44．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這些地方被稱為“熱庫”。此處在句中作謂語，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語these指的是these spaces，和動(dòng)詞call是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are called。
45．考查形容詞。句意：儲(chǔ)蓄專家馬丁?劉易斯（Martin Lewis）表示，在一個(gè)理應(yīng)富裕的國家擁有“熱庫”這種想法令他感到震驚。此處應(yīng)用形容詞wealthy作定語，修飾名詞country，故填wealthy。
46．考查固定搭配。句意：英國已經(jīng)為那些吃不起飯的人建立了數(shù)百個(gè)食物銀行。hundres of固定搭配，意為“數(shù)百個(gè)”，故填hundreds。
47．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了避免能源價(jià)格上漲，英國人正在采取嚴(yán)肅的措施。句中有謂語are taking，前后無連詞，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，表示目的，應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫，故填To avoid。
48．考查連詞。句意：一個(gè)男人關(guān)掉了電水壺，現(xiàn)在他和涼水而不是熱飲料。空處前后是并列順承關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and，故填and。
49．考查副詞。句意： 去年冬天，一位女士用她的免費(fèi)公共汽車通行證耐心地坐在一輛溫暖的公共汽車上一整天，而不是在寒冷的家里坐著。此處應(yīng)用副詞patiently修飾動(dòng)詞sit，作狀語，故填patiently。
50．考查介詞。句意： 在英國，每年大約有11400人死于寒冷的天氣。be caused by固定搭配，意為“由……引起”，故填by。
51．1. well→good
2. had→have
3.what→how
4. shoe→shoes
5. 在hold前加to
6. climb→climbing??
7. difficulty→difficult??
8.刪除a???
9. especial→especially??
10. all→both
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。登山對(duì)健康是有益的。如果你認(rèn)為你必須去山上學(xué)習(xí)登山，那你錯(cuò)了。本文主要介紹了在城市體育館里學(xué)習(xí)攀登。
【詳解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：人們相信登山對(duì)健康有益。do good to是固定短語，意為“對(duì)……有好處”。故將well改為good。
2.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：如果你認(rèn)為你必須去山上學(xué)習(xí)登山，那你錯(cuò)了。通讀全文可知，全文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故此處也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是you，表示“必須，不得不”用have to。故將had改為have。
3.考查疑問詞。句意：許多人正在城市體育館里學(xué)習(xí)如何攀登。根據(jù)句意，此處指“學(xué)習(xí)如何攀登”，應(yīng)用疑問副詞how+to do作賓語。故將what改為how。
4.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：攀登時(shí)，你需要一雙特殊的鞋子和一條系在胸前的安全帶來支撐你。shoe是可數(shù)名詞，常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。故將shoe改為shoes。
5.考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意同上。分析句子可知，“來支撐你”是“系安全帶”的目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故在hold前加to。
6.考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：初學(xué)者的攀巖墻通常有15英尺高，你可以直接爬上去。分析句子可知，表示“攀巖墻”應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞climbing修飾wall。故將climb改為climbing。
7.考查形容詞。句意：最困難的部分是控制你的恐懼。part是名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞來修飾。故將difficulty改為difficult。
8.考查冠詞。句意：攀巖吸引了人們，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)幾乎每個(gè)人來說都是很好的鍛煉。exercise意為“鍛煉”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故刪除good前的a。
9.考查副詞。句意：你用你的整個(gè)身體，尤其是你的胳膊和腿。表示“尤其是”應(yīng)用副詞especially作評(píng)注性狀語。故將especial改為especially。
10.考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)你攀登時(shí)，你的思想和身體都會(huì)變得更強(qiáng)壯。mind和body是兩個(gè)事物，應(yīng)用both…and…。故將all改為both。
52．Dear Sir or Madam,
From our school website I’ve learned our school is preparing a talent show on traditional Chinese arts on New Year’s Day 2023. I feel excited and proud because I think this is a golden chance to spread our Chinese culture, making foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
As an exchange student from China, I’m writing to you with the purpose of presenting my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show. I’m good at playing Guzheng, and I have been playing it since my childhood. I once won First Prize in a Talent Show of my city.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假定你叫李華，是英國某中學(xué)的一名中國交換生。你從學(xué)校網(wǎng)站上得知你校將于2023年元旦舉辦有關(guān)中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的才藝展示會(huì) (talent show)。請(qǐng)你給組委會(huì)寫封郵件，請(qǐng)求參加該展示會(huì)。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
興奮的：excited→thrilled
機(jī)會(huì)：chance→opportunity
傳統(tǒng)的：traditional→conventional
考慮：take into consideration→take into account
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：As an exchange student from China, I’m writing to you with the purpose of presenting my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show.
拓展句：As an exchange student from China, the reason why I’m writing to you is that I want to present my art talent in traditional Chinese culture at the show.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] I feel excited and proud because I think this is a golden chance to spread our Chinese culture, making foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture. (運(yùn)用了because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
[高分句型2] I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.(運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句)

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