?2023北京八中高二（上）期末
英 語
一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
Thursday would be huge. But when coach announced the championship game would be a night game on Thursday, Devin's heart ___1___. The concert was at the same time as the game. And Ms. Poltis had ___2___ Devin to sing a brief solo (獨唱). Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title and he was a big reason — he ___3___ the league in scoring, Devin frowned (皺眉). He couldn't disappoint his team by ___4___ the game.
That night, Devin lay in bed, staring at the trophies (獎杯) from races, baseball leagues and free-throw contests which ___5___ his shelves. The solo was only four lines in the middle of a song, but the thought of singing ___6___ made him shiver (顫抖). He'd never sung a solo before. Now it was a relief to know he didn't have to. The soccer game was a perfect ___7___. While at the moment Ms. Poltis' words came to his mind "I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard, like the person in the song. And you have a very nice voice. So don't be nervous. Be proud." It was no secret that several other choir members had ___8___ singing voices than he did. But he liked the song, and he ___9___ how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was. Finally Devin made a choice and whispered the solo with ____10____, "no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…"
1. A. bled B. sank C. hurt D. beat
2. A. taught B. allowed C. chosen D. ordered
3. A. led B. won C. joined D. formed
4. A. watching B. playing C. entering D. skipping
5. A. lined B. piled C. covered D. decorated
6. A. loudly B. outside C. alone D. proudly
7. A. platform B. request C. condition D. excuse
8. A. louder B. stronger C. softer D. deeper
9. A. appreciated B. accepted C. confirmed D. praised
10. A. tension B. patience C. sorrow D. confidence
二、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
A
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
World Health Day is celebrated every year on April 7, the founding day of the WHO.____11____ (establish) in 1950, this event has a theme each year to draw attention to a current world health issue. The day is also used to highlight the ____12____ (important) of personal health. For common people, we can take some extra steps ____13____ (care) for our health like getting a gym membership (and going!) or starting a diet.
B
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In March 2018, a couple opened the first Zero Green in Bristol,____14____ (sell) food and household items entirely without packaging. Shoppers ____15____ (encourage) to bring their own containers to take their shopping home. Although there was a lot of trial and error, plus additional challenges, they believe ____16____ they are doing is a sustainable business model.
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Recently, many who drink milk have switched to plant-based milks ____17____(come) from almonds, soy or rice. And the newest star among them is oat milk. This creamy, delicious drink makes coffee, cereal, and baked goods taste delicious. Another reason for its ____18____(popular) lies in its benefits. Oat milk contains vitamins and minerals. It also has fiber, which can help to reduce the risk of heart disease. It is ____19____(cheap) to make and requires less water to produce than some other plant-based milks. Some people believe it’s an environmentally-friendly choice.
三、閱讀理解（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
A
Dear Koko,
I’ve learned about you from my amazing teacher. I think it’s fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language. I’ve spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart.
It’s heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas(大猩猩). In Africa, for example, the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. They don’t understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas. Another thing is the loss of gorillas’ natural home, which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports. When we cut down trees, you become homeless. We take away your shelter and sources of food, leaving you with very little chance of survival.
Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems. Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime. Over the past three months, my class has been researching on gorillas, and I’ve learned so many things. For example, I’ve learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do. I think that you are really worth saving.
We’ve come up with many ideas to help you and your fellows. One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas. Another idea is to make public laws on the killers. I also think we need to keep educating people about gorillas.
I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important you’ve become to our class. Would it be too much to ask for a return letter?
Mike
20. According to the passage, Koko is probably ________.
A. a killer of gorillas B. a member of the gorilla family
C. an expert on gorillas D. a governor in charge of gorillas
21. What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?
A. The problems gorillas face at present.
B. The danger gorillas cause for humans.
C. The unique characteristic gorillas have.
D. The natural environment gorillas live in.
22. The author suggests that ________.
A. gorillas should be protected in nature reserves
B. killers for gorillas should be legally responsible
C. organizations should be set up to protect gorillas
D. people should make donations to gorilla protection
B
Five days a week, 28-year-old Ebony Smith arrives at Changing Gears Bike Shop at 10:50 a.m., ten minutes before opening. Walking into the shop, she turns on the lights, opens the register, and reviews the repair orders. For the next several hours she will repair bikes with professional skill and care, and guide customers through bike choices like an experienced rider, learning about their needs and preferences, and helping them to find the perfect fit.
Although Smith had almost no experience riding a bike and didn’t even enjoy riding one when she first came to Changing Gears, she has stayed in the position for nearly a decade now, and her customers are thankful to her heartfelt assistance. What’s more, many of the shop visitors are youth from families living in low-income housing named Alameda Point. Smith lived in this neighborhood throughout her childhood, and to these youngsters and families she is a positive role model-someone determined to succeed in spite of educational and financial struggles.
When she first began at Changing Gears at 19 years old, Smith was living with her parents, who struggled to make a living. She had failed to earn a high school diploma when she didn’t pass California’s high school exit exam. However, when a three-month job training position opened at the bike shop in 2008, Smith took a chance to, as she says, “turn her life around”. She signed up and was quickly hired.
Smith is just one of the thousands of Changing Gears’ employees around the world, and her continued success at Changing Gears embodies the shop’s duty to “operate a bicycle-based social enterprise that meets the needs of the underprivileged of our local area”.
In addition, the shop has a strong environmental focus, which includes bicycle reuse and recycling. Throughout the years Changing Gears has also engaged youth and families in bicycle field trips and provided free bicycle parking and repair service at local farmers’ markets in order to encourage bike riding as a practical and green form of transportation.
Through its blending（協(xié)調(diào)）of effective small business practices with a social and environmental duty, Changing Gears stays inspired to use bicycles as a vehicle for social change.
23. What can we learn about Ebony Smith?
A. She is a bike shop owner.
B. She is a professional rider.
C. She has a good knowledge of bikes.
D. She has a lot of shopping experience.
24. What helped Ebony Smith get into the career?
A. Family support.
B. Personal interest.
C. Training opportunity.
D. High school education.
25. What does the underlined word “embodies” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Be an example of.
B. Be similar to.
C. Be the reason for.
D. Be modeled after.
26. Which of the following is Changing Gears’ duty?
A. Making bike donations.
B. Offering help to the poor people.
C. Improving bike-riding techniques.
D Drawing people’s attention to bike enterprises.
C
Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics. Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends, we’re exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.
Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists. In 1989, he met Mr. N who had suffered a serious brain injury. Mr. N couldn’t recognize the number 5, or add 2 and 2. But he still knew that there are “about 50 minutes” in an hour. Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains. One area is responsible for the math we learn in school, and the other judges approximate amounts.
So what does the brain’s estimation center do for us? Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers. When he asks 5-year-olds to solve a problem like 21+30, they can’t do it. But he has also asked them questions such as, “Sarah has 21 candles and gets 30 more. John has 34 candles. Who has more candles?” It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that. Before they’ve learned how to do math with numerals and symbols, their brains’ approximation centers are already hard at work.
After we learn symbolic math, do we still have any use for our inborn math sense? Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study. He challenged a group of 14-year-olds with an approximation test: The kids stared at a computer screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by, too quickly to count. Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots. The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were 25 yellow dots and 10 blue ones. When the groups were closer in size, 11 yellow dots and 10 blue ones, fewer kids answered correctly.
The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids’ approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests. He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores, and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that, far from being irrelevant, your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.
27. From the first two studies, we can learn that estimation center ________.
A. is divided into two separate mathematical areas
B. can help figure out numerals and symbols problems
C. functions independently in both kids’ and adults’ brains
D. works better when symbolic parts are injured or undergrown
28. What most surprised Justin in the study of 14-year-olds?
A. The variety of math abilities in different students.
B. The link between technology skills and estimation skills.
C. The difficulty of the task as the number of dots increased.
D. The connection between estimation skills and formal math ability.
29. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Born with a Sense of Math
B. Go beyond What You Can Learn
C. Symbolic Math and Estimation Math
D. Our Brain一a Born Mathematician
D
Earth is experiencing its sixth mass extinction: somewhere between 30 and 159 species(物種) disappear every day, and more than 300 types of animals have died out since 1500. This is not good for the future of life on our planet, but what if we could make some of the extinct species come back to life? Thanks to ongoing advances in DNA recovery and cloning technology, de-extinction may soon be realized, and we may see Tasmanian Tigers, or Dodo Birds back into existence in the near future.
Some scientists are confident and optimistic about de-extinction. They think that the best reasons for de-extinction have more to do with ecology than tourism. “If this is always going to be a zoo animal, then stop,” says Ben Novak, the lead researcherat Revive & Restore—a foundation devoted to rescuing endangered and extinct species in San Francisco, California. “The goals have to be about ecological restoration and function.”
Take passenger pigeons for example. Their numbers reached nearly 5 billion at the start of the 19th century, and they played an important role in shaping the forests they inhabited(居住). After their extinction, the forests have never been the same. “The passenger pigeon is a very important ecological species if we want their original habitat back.” Novak says.
However, we need to think twice about Novak’s idea. Any new scientific initiative is bound to have risks, so is de-extinction. Although some assume that de-extinction may help the environment, we can’t be so sure. The de-extinct animals would now be strangers to their habitats. As the habitat is no longer what it was, the species role within the ecosystem may have also changed. This could be actually a threat to the other species within the environment as the de-extinct animals enter the area and compete for food sources. Once again we’re trying to force nature to act in a certain way, rather than letting it remain natural.
Many scientists also believe that priorities(優(yōu)先權) would change within the conservation of currently endangered species. Would we still put in the effort to preserve living animals if we knew we could just magically bring them back from the dead? Douglas McCauley, an ecologist at University of California, Santa Barbara, stresses this worry. “Honestly, the thing that scares me most is that the public absorbs the misimpression that extinction is no longer scary. The general attitude becomes: Deforest, no worry, we can reforest. If we drive something extinct, no worry, we can de-extinct it.” said McCauley.
It seems that with the subject of de-extinction, we must look at our reasons for doing such a thing. Yes, we may, in the near future, be able to de-extinct the extinct species. But does that mean we should? Are the risks really worth it? Does it make sense to focus on the dead than the living? And who are we truly benefiting in the end?
30. Ben Novak probably agrees that ________.
A. the value of de-extinctionlies in tourism
B. de-extinct animals are unfit to live in the zoo
C. de-extinction results from the change of ecosystem
D. de-extinction aims to bring back former environment
31. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 5?
A. People’s impressions on lost species.
B. Change of public attitude towards de-extinction.
C. Importance of the conservation of living animals.
D. Effects of de-extinction on the protection of endangered species.
32. What is the author’s attitude toward de-extinction?
A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Neutral. D. Supportive.
33. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要點) C: Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
四、信息還原（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
The Art of Slow Reading
If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. ____34____ They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.
So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. ____35____ But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.
____36____ A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. ____37____ Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. ____38____ You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.
A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.
B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.
C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.
D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.
E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.
F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.
G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.
五、閱讀表達（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12 分）
閱讀下面小說片段，根據(jù)題目要求用英語回答問題。
But while he was thinking this, his feet were taking him, step by step, closer and closer to the dot in the distance, which in the meantime had become a speck, and then began to show every sign of turning into a blob. And shortly after that the blob became a figure. And then, as Bruno got even closer, he saw that the thing was neither a dot nor a speck nor a blob nor a figure, but a person.
In fact it was a boy.
“Hello,” said Bruno.
“Hello” said the boy.
Bruno was sure that he had never seen a skinnier or sadder boy in his life but decided that he had better talk to him.
“I've been exploring,” he said.
“Have you?” said the little boy.
“Yes. For almost two hours now.”
This was not strictly speaking true. Bruno had been exploring for just over an hour but he didn't think that exaggerating slightly would be too bad a thing to do. It wasn't quite the same thing as lying and made him seem more adventurous than he really was.
“Have you found anything?” asked the boy.
“Very little.”
“Nothing at all?”
“Well, I found you,” said Bruno after a moment.
He sat down on the ground on his side of the fence and crossed his legs like the little boy and wished that he had brought some chocolate with him or perhaps a pastry that they could share.
“I'm Shmuel,” said the little boy.
Bruno scrunched up his face, not sure that he had heard the little boy right. “What did you say your name was?” he asked.
“Shmuel,” said the little boy as if it was the most natural thing in the world. “What did you say your name was?”
“Bruno,” said Bruno.
“I've never heard of that name,” said Shmuel.
“And I've never heard of your name,” said Bruno. “Shmuel.” He thought about it. “Shmuel,” he repeated. “I like the way it sounds when I say it. Shmuel. It sounds like the wind blowing.”
“Bruno,” said Shmuel, nodding his head happily. “Yes, I think I like your name too. It sounds like someone who's rubbing their arms to keep warm.”
“How old are you?” he asked.
Shmuel thought about it and looked down at his fingers and they wiggled in the air, as if he was trying to count. “I'm nine,” he said. “My birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.”
Bruno stared at him in surprise. “What did you say?” he asked.
“I said my birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.”
Bruno's eyes opened wide and his mouth made the shape of an O. “I don't believe it,” he said.
“Why not?” asked Shmuel.
“No,” said Bruno, shaking his head quickly. “I don't mean I don't believe you. I mean I'm surprised, that's all. Because my birthday is April the fifteenth too. And I was born in nineteen thirty-four. We were born on the same day?”
Shmuel thought about this. “So you're nine too,” he said.
“Yes. Isn't that strange?”
“Very strange,” said Shmuel.
“We're like twins,” said Bruno.
“A little bit,” agreed Shmuel. “Where did you come from?” asked Shmuel, narrowing his eyes and looking at Bruno curiously.
“Berlin.”
“Where's that?”
Bruno opened his mouth to answer but found that he wasn't entirely sure. “It's in Germany, of course,” he said.
“Don't you come from Germany?”
“No, I'm from Poland,” said Shmuel.
Bruno frowned. “Then why do you speak German?” he asked.
“Because you said hello in German So I answered in German. Can you speak Polish?”
“No,” said Bruno, laughing nervously. “I don't know anyone who can speak two languages. And especially no one of our age.”
“Mama is a teacher in my school and she taught me German,” explained Shmuel. “She speaks French too. And Italian. And English. She's very clever. I don't speak French or Italian yet, but she said she'd teach me English one day because I might need to know it.”
39. Why did Bruno lie to Shmuel about the time he had been exploring?
______________________________________________________________________________
40. What did Bruno and Shmuel have in common?
______________________________________________________________________________
41. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
?Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles.
______________________________________________________________________________
42. Is having the same interests good for friendship? Please put forward your idea and explain the reason. (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
六、根據(jù)首字母和英文釋義，填寫適當?shù)膯卧~（共10小題；每小題0.5分，共5分）請將完整的單詞拼寫填在答題紙上。
43. It’s not worth b______ with an umbrella--the car’s just outside. (to spend time and /or energy doing something)(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
44. Continued trade in these products is a threat to the s______ of the species. (n. the state of continuing to live or exist, often despite difficulty or danger) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
45. She was a perfectly o______ little girl, you won’t even notice her at the ball. (adj. not unusual or different in any way) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
46. If you want to pass your exams, you'd better change your a______! (n. the way that you think and feel about somebody /something) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
47. The event, watched by millions of people all over the country, takes place a______. (adv. once every year) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
48. Our newspaper aims to r______ the views of the local community. (v. to show or be a sign of the nature of something or of somebody's attitude or feeling) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
49. We can't i______ the fact that there is a huge problem here. (v. to pay no attention to something) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
50. The band has gone on tour to p______ their new album. (v.to help sell a product, service, etc. by advertising it) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
51. The names of the winners of the competition will be p______ in June. (v.to produce a book, magazine, CD-ROM, etc. and sell it to the public) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
52. Since our research so far has not produced any answers to this problem, we need to adopt a different a______ to it. (n. a way of dealing with somebody /something) (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
七、書面表達（15分）
53. 假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你校英國留學生Jim最近在學習漢語的過程中遇到了許多困難，希望你給他一些學習漢語的建議，請你給Jim回信，提出你的建議，內(nèi)容包括：
l. Jim遇到的困難；
2.你的建議。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

參考答案
一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。Devin被Ms. Poltis選中參加獨唱，因為怕唱不好而緊張，Devin想要拒絕；最后在Ms. Poltis的鼓勵下，Ms. Poltis自信地參加了獨唱。
【1題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但當教練宣布冠軍賽將是周四晚上的比賽時，Devin的心情變得沉重。A. bled流血； B. sank(心情)變得沉重；C. hurt受傷；D. beat跳動。根據(jù)后文“Devin frowned(皺眉)”可知，當教練宣布比賽時，Devin的心情變得沉重。故選B。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ms. Poltis 選擇Devin來唱一段簡短的獨唱。A. taught教；B. allowed允許；C. chosen選擇；D. ordered命令。根據(jù)第二段“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，Ms. Poltis 選擇Devin來唱一段簡短的獨唱。故選C。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Devin認為足球隊即將奪冠，他是他在得分方面領先聯(lián)盟的一個重要原因，他皺起了眉頭。A. led率領，處于領先地位；B. won贏得；C. joined加入；D. formed形成。根據(jù)空前“Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title ”可知，因為將要奪冠，由此可知，在得分上是領先的。故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他不能不參加比賽而使他的球隊失望。A. watching看；B. playing玩耍；C. entering進入；D. skipping跳過。根據(jù)前文“He couldn't disappoint his team”可知，Devin不想不參加比賽，這樣會讓球隊失望。故選D。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，Devin躺在床上，盯著貨架上擺滿的比賽、棒球聯(lián)賽和罰球比賽的獎杯。A. lined沿……排成行；B. piled堆放；C. covered覆蓋；D. decorated裝飾。由空前“trophies (獎杯)from races , baseball leagues and free-throw contests”可知，比賽中的獲得的獎杯在架子上排成行。故選A。
【6題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這首獨唱只有歌曲中間的四行，但一想到要獨自唱，他就不寒而栗。A. loudly大聲地；B. outside在外面；C. alone單獨；D. proudly驕傲地。根據(jù)前文the solo可知，因為是獨唱，所以此處指一個人唱歌。故選C。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：足球比賽是個完美的借口。A. platform站臺，講臺；B. request要求；C. condition條件；D. excuse借口。根據(jù)前文“He'd never sung a solo before.”可知，因為Devin不想唱歌，所以足球比賽是個完美的借口。故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唱詩班的其他幾個成員的嗓音比他響亮，這已經(jīng)不是什么秘密了。A. louder更大聲的；B. stronger更響亮的；C. softer更柔軟的；D. deeper更深的。根據(jù)前文“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，唱詩班的其他幾個成員比他唱得好，由此可知，他們的嗓音也比Devin響亮。故選B。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他喜歡這首歌，他也感激Ms. Poltis一直以來的善良和鼓舞人心。A. appreciated感激；B. accepted接受；C. confirmed確認；D. praised贊揚。根據(jù)后文“how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was.”可知，Devin感激Ms. Poltis一直以來的善良和鼓舞人心。故選A。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，Devin做出了選擇，自信地低聲唱著獨唱。A. tension緊張；B. patience耐心；C. sorrow悲傷；D. confidence自信。根據(jù)后文“no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…”可知，Devin自信地歌唱。故選D。
二、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. Established
12. importance
13. to care
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界衛(wèi)生日的宗旨和意義。
【11題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這一活動成立于1950年，每年都有一個主題，以引起人們對當前世界衛(wèi)生問題的關注。此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，this event與establish之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，用過去分詞表被動，故填Established。
【12題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這一天也用來強調(diào)個人健康的重要性。此處缺少名詞作動詞highlight的賓語，表抽象意義，不可數(shù)，故填importance。
【13題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：對于普通人來說，我們可以采取一些額外的措施來照顧我們的健康，比如申請一個健身房的會員(并堅持去！)或開始節(jié)食。此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語，故填to care。
【答案】14. selling
15. are encouraged##were encouraged
16. what
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一對夫婦在布里斯托爾開了一家Zero Green，銷售完全沒有包裝的食物和家居用品。雖然有很多嘗試和錯誤，但他們認為這是一個可持續(xù)的商業(yè)模式。
【14題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：2018年3月，一對夫婦在布里斯托爾開設了第一家Zero Green，銷售食品和家居用品，完全沒有包裝。句中已有謂語動opened其無連詞，空處應用非謂語動詞作狀語，a couple和sell之間為邏輯主謂關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動。故填selling。
【15題詳解】
考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：購物者被鼓勵自己帶購物容器來把物品帶回家。主語shoppers和encourage之間為被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)；此處可理解為陳述該店一條規(guī)則，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)；也可理解為陳述過去的事實，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，故填are encouraged##were encouraged。
【16題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：雖然有很多嘗試和錯誤，加上額外的挑戰(zhàn)，他們相信他們正在做的是一個可持續(xù)的商業(yè)模式?？仗幰龑зe語從句，從句缺少賓語，且指代“他們做的事情”，應用連接代詞what。故填what。
【答案】17. coming
18. popularity
19. cheaper
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。最近，許多喝牛奶的人已經(jīng)改用杏仁、大豆或大米制成的植物性牛奶。其中最新的明星是燕麥牛奶。文章介紹了燕麥牛奶的好處。
【17題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：最近，許多喝牛奶的人已經(jīng)改用杏仁、大豆或大米制成的植物性牛奶。分析句子結構可知come在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語milks構成主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填coming。
【18題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它受歡迎的另一個原因是它的好處。此處作賓語，表示“受歡迎”應用名詞popularity，故填popularity。
【19題詳解】
考查比較級。句意：與其他植物性牛奶相比，它的制作成本更低，需要的水也更少。根據(jù)后文“than some other plant-based milks”可知應用比較級。故填cheaper。
三、閱讀理解（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
【答案】20. B 21. A 22. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是寫給大猩猩的一封信，信中講述了大猩猩當前的悲慘遭遇及人類應該采取的保護措施，以保護大猩猩的生存環(huán)境。
【20題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中I think it’s fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language.和第二段中When we cut down trees, you become homeless. We take away your shelter and sources of food, leaving you with very little chance of survival.第三段中I think that you are really worth saving.等信息可判斷，收信人Koko可能是一只大猩猩，故選B。
【21題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中all of the cruel things done to gorillas...the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. Another thing is the loss of gorillas’ natural home等信息可知，本段主要是描述了大猩猩當前被捕殺和家園被破壞的不幸遭遇，故選A。
【22題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Another idea is to make public laws on the killers.可知，作者建議制定關于殺害大猩猩兇手的法律，他們應該為自己所做的事負法律責任。故選B。
【點睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。小題2根據(jù)第二段all of the cruel things done to gorillas. the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. Another thing is the loss of gorillas’ natural home等信息可知本段主要是描述了大猩猩當前被捕殺和家園被破壞的不幸遭遇。
【答案】23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述一個自行車店為了幫助當?shù)氐母F人，為他們提供培訓并安排他們就業(yè)。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“For the next several hours she will repair bikes with professional skill and care, and guide customers through bike choices like an experienced rider, learning about their needs and preferences, and helping them to find the perfect fit.”（在接下來的幾個小時里，她將用專業(yè)的技能和關懷來修理自行車，并像一個經(jīng)驗豐富的騎手一樣引導顧客選擇自行車，了解他們的需求和喜好，并幫助他們找到最合適的自行車。）可知，Ebony Smith對自行車很精通。故選C。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“However, when a three-month job training position opened at the bike shop in 2008, Smith took a chance to, as she says, “turn her life around”. She signed up and was quickly hired.”（然而，當2008年這家自行車店開設了一個為期三個月的職業(yè)培訓職位時，史密斯抓住了一個機會，正如她所說，“改變了她的生活”。她報了名，很快就被錄用了。）可知，3個月的工作培訓機會讓她從事這個職業(yè)。故選C。
【25題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段“and her continued success at Changing Gears embodies the shop’s duty to “operate a bicycle-based social enterprise that meets the needs of the underprivileged of our local area”（她在 Change Gears的持續(xù)成功embodies該店的責任，即“經(jīng)營一家以自行車為基礎的社會企業(yè)，滿足當?shù)刎毨丝诘男枨蟆?。可以猜測出embodies為“代表”之意。故選A。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“the shop’s duty to “operate a bicycle-based social enterprise that meets the needs of the underprivileged of our local are.”（該店的責任，即“經(jīng)營一家以自行車為基礎的社會企業(yè)，滿足當?shù)刎毨丝诘男枨蟆?。）可知，Changing Gears職責是為當?shù)氐母F人提供幫助。故選B。
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述的是我們天生就有數(shù)學頭腦。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)那些在閃爍點測試中表現(xiàn)更好的孩子有更好的標準化考試成績，反之亦然。你的評估能力可能會預測你在正式數(shù)學方面的能力。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains. One area is responsible for the math we learn in school, and the other judges approximate amounts.可知，從前兩項研究中，我們可以了解到評估中心在兒童和成人的大腦中獨立運作。故答案為C。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores, and vice versa (反之亦然).可知，在對14歲孩子的研究中，最令賈斯汀感到驚訝的是評估技能好的學生，標準化數(shù)學測試分數(shù)也好，也就是評估能力與正式數(shù)學能力是相關的。故答案為D。
【29題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics. Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends, we’re exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.可知，本文講述的是我們天生就有數(shù)學頭腦。故答案為A。
【答案】30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A
【解析】
【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了地球正在經(jīng)歷第六次大規(guī)模滅絕：每天有30至159種物種消失，自1500年以來已有300多種動物死亡．這對我們這個星球上的未來生命并不好，但如果我們能夠使一些已滅絕的物種恢復生機，會怎么樣？
【30題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The goals have to be about ecological restoration and function.（目標必須是生態(tài)恢復和功能。）”可知，Ben Novak可能同意抵抗滅絕的目的是恢復原有的環(huán)境，故選D。
【31題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Honestly, the thing that scares me most is that the public absorbs the misimpression that extinction is no longer scary. The general attitude becomes: Deforest, no worry, we can reforest. If we drive something extinct, no worry, we can de-extinct it.” said McCauley.（說道：“老實說，最讓我害怕的是公眾對滅絕不再感到害怕的錯誤印象。人們的普遍態(tài)度是：砍伐森林，不用擔心，我們可以重新造林。如果我們把滅絕的東西趕走，別擔心，我們可以使滅絕的東西復活”。）”可知，本段主要就講述了抵抗復活對保護瀕危物種的影響，故選D。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However, we need to think twice about Novak’s idea. Any new scientific initiative is bound to have risks, so is de-extinction. Although some assume that de-extinction may help the environment, we can’t be so sure.（然而，我們需要再考慮一下Novak的想法。任何新的科學倡議都必然有風險，復活滅絕也是如此。盡管有人認為復活滅絕可能有助于環(huán)境，但是我們無法肯定。）”可知，作者對于復活滅絕是持懷疑的態(tài)度，他認為這樣做是有風險的，并且也無法肯定是否對環(huán)境有幫助，故選B。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，文章第二段“Some scientists are confident and optimistic about de-extinction.（一些科學家對于復活滅絕是由信心，且樂觀的。）”和第三段“However, we need to think twice about Novak’s idea. Any new scientific initiative is bound to have risks, so is de-extinction.（然而，我們應該再考慮一下Novak的想法。任何新的科學倡議都必然有風險，復活滅絕也是如此。）”可知，文章第一段引入主題，如何分別提出了兩個對立的觀點，第五段又提出了另外一些科學家的觀點，第6段做了總結，故文章的結構符合選項A，故選A。
四、信息還原（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
【答案】34. C 35. G 36. B 37. E 38. D
【解析】
【分析】本文講述的是“慢讀的藝術”。 研究表明我們中的許多人不再專注于閱讀文章，實際上，我們的網(wǎng)絡習慣正在破壞我們處理和理解文本信息所需要的精神力量。大多數(shù)慢讀者意識到，完全拒絕網(wǎng)絡是非常不現(xiàn)實的，他們覺得暫時擺脫科技是解決問題的辦法。
【34題詳解】
根據(jù)下文：他們認為，我們中的許多人不再專注于閱讀文章。此處的they應該是指代前文出現(xiàn)的事物，也就是C項中的the two findings，“最近的研究項目有兩個發(fā)現(xiàn)?！惫蔬xC。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)上句：我們的閱讀經(jīng)常被最新電子郵件的噪音所打斷，我們現(xiàn)在在Twitter和Facebook上吸收簡短的一連串的單詞比長篇大論更有規(guī)律。故可知因為有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們變得非常善于收集信息。故選G。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)下文：一群極度渴望的學者希望我們在閱讀或重讀的時候要放慢速度。故可知現(xiàn)在一些活動提倡緩慢閱讀。故選B。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)上文：大多數(shù)慢讀者意識到，完全拒絕網(wǎng)絡是非常不現(xiàn)實的。他們覺得暫時擺脫科技是解決問題的辦法。由此推知，E項Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.（他們中的一些人建議每周把電腦關掉一天。）與上文匹配。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)空格下句：你可以下載一個叫做Freedom的電腦程序，這樣你就可以通過切斷你的網(wǎng)絡連接來閱讀。由此可知此處的意思是：如果你只是偶爾想要讀得慢一些，那么幫助就在手邊。故選D。
【名師點睛】
做七選五時“尤其代詞不可放”是說：在填空處的前后語境中出現(xiàn)的一些代詞不可忽視。有這樣一道題：”They can be rich resources to improve your knowledge.”，該選項中憑空多出一個代詞they，這說明什么問題？代詞是起替代作用的，一定是前文出現(xiàn)的事物被they替代了，找到被替代的名詞就可以了。往文中一找，前面的語境是“Volunteering brings together all kinds of people.所以they替代的就是前文的all kinds of people短語。這樣的現(xiàn)象在七選五中是很多見了，能幫助大家解決不少難題。本題第1小題，根據(jù)下文：他們認為，我們中的許多人不再專注于閱讀文章。此處的they應該是指代前文出現(xiàn)的事物，也就是C項中的the two findings，“最近的研究項目有兩個發(fā)現(xiàn)?！惫蔬xC。
五、閱讀表達（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12 分）
【答案】39. Because Bruno thought it made him seem more adventurous than he really was.
40. They have the same date of birth.
41. ?Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. Because she can speak three languages.
42. Yes, it is. If two people share the same interests, they will have more topics and emotional connection. At the same time, the same hobbies can also give two people something to do together, thus further deepening the friendship.
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要為Bruno和Shmuel之間的對話，二人分享了各自的一些個人情況。
【39題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段“This was not strictly speaking true. Bruno had been exploring for just over an hour but he didn't think that exaggerating slightly would be too bad a thing to do. It wasn't quite the same thing as lying and made him seem more adventurous than he really was.(嚴格地說，這并不是真的。Bruno已經(jīng)探索了一個多小時，但他不認為稍微夸大會是一件糟糕的事情。這和撒謊不太一樣，這讓他看起來比實際上更有冒險精神)”可知，Bruno在探險的時間上對Shmuel撒謊是因為Bruno認為這讓他看起來比實際上更有冒險精神。故答案為Because Bruno thought it made him seem more adventurous than he really was.
【40題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第十五段中“I mean I'm surprised, that's all. Because my birthday is April the fifteenth too. And I was born in nineteen thirty-four.(我是說我很驚訝，僅此而已。因為我的生日也是4月15日。我出生于1934年)”可知，Bruno和Shmuel是共同點是他們的出生日期一樣。故答案為They have the same date of birth.
【41題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“She speaks French too. And Italian. And English. She's very clever.(她也會說法語。還會說意大利語和英語。她很聰明)”可知，母親聰明的原因是她會說三種語言，錯誤的部分是“because she could solve difficult math puzzles”，故答案為?Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. Because she can speak three languages.
【42題詳解】
開放性題目。題干：擁有相同的興趣愛好對友誼有益嗎？請?zhí)岢瞿愕南敕ú⒄f明理由?？苫卮穑菏堑?，有益處。如果擁有相同的興趣愛好，兩個人會有更多的話題以及情感連接。同時，相同的愛好也可以讓兩個人有可以一起從事的事情，從而進一步加深友誼。故答案為Yes, it is. If two people share the same interests, they will have more topics and emotional connection. At the same time, the same hobbies can also give two people something to do together, thus further deepening the friendship.
六、根據(jù)首字母和英文釋義，填寫適當?shù)膯卧~（共10小題；每小題0.5分，共5分）請將完整的單詞拼寫填在答題紙上。
43. 【答案】bothering##othering
【解析】
【詳解】考查動名詞。句意：不必打傘——汽車就停在外面。根據(jù)句意和所給首字母b分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個動詞，且意義為“花費時間或精力”，所以應該用動詞bother；再由形式主語it和空格前的worth可知，bother應該用動名詞形式bothering作主語。故填bothering。
44. 【答案】survival##urvival
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些產(chǎn)品的持續(xù)貿(mào)易對該物種的生存構成了威脅。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填名詞survival，作賓語。不可數(shù)。故填survival。
45. 【答案】ordinary##rdinary
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她是一個非常普通的小女孩，在舞會上你甚至不會注意到她。根據(jù)句意和所給首字母o以及空格后的girl分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個以字母o開頭的形容詞作定語，修飾后面的名詞girl，且意義為“普通的”。故填ordinary。
46. 【答案】attitude##ttitude
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果你想通過考試，你最好改變你的態(tài)度。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填名詞attitude，作賓語。故填attitude。
47. 【答案】annually##nnually
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：全國各地的數(shù)百萬人每年都會觀看這項賽事。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填副詞annually，作狀語修飾take place。故填annually。
48. 【答案】reflect##eflect
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們的報紙旨在反映當?shù)厣鐣囊庖?。分析句子，設空處應該填寫動詞與空前to構成不定式結構(aim to do)，結合首字母和英文提示可知此處表示“反映”用reflect。故填reflect。
49. 【答案】ignore##gnore
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：我們不能忽視這一事實，這里存在一個巨大的問題。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填動詞ignore，且can't后跟動詞原形。故填ignore。
50. 【答案】promote##romote
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：這支樂隊已經(jīng)開始巡回宣傳他們的新專輯。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填動詞promote，此處不定式作目的狀語。故填promote。
51. 【答案】published##ublished
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：比賽的獲勝者名單將于6月公布。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填動詞publish，結合上文will be可知為一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故填published。
52. 【答案】approach##pproach
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：由于我們的研究到目前為止還沒有對這個問題提出任何答案，我們需要采用不同的方法來解決它。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應填名詞approach，作賓語，不定冠詞提示用單數(shù)。故填approach。
七、書面表達（15分）
53. 【答案】Dear Jim,
It’s great to know that you have begun to learn Chinese! You say you find Chinese difficult to learn. I quite understand your problem.
Different from your language, most Chinese characters are from images. For English, most of time, you’ll know how to pronounce a word when you see it. But it is impossible in Chinese. In addition, Chinese grammar is totally different from English grammar. That definitely brings you more trouble.
However, learning Chinese takes time. Don’t worry. I suggest you start with Pinyin, which will help you know how to read Chinese characters. Besides, listening to Chinese songs or watching Chinese movies will also help. The more you are exposed to the language, the more familiar you will get with it.
I wish you every success in learning the language! If you have any further questions, feel free to ask. Good luck!
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇應用文寫作。假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你校英國留學生Jim最近在學習漢語的過程中遇到了許多困難，希望你給他一些學習漢語的建議，請你給Jim回信。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
理解：understand→comprehend
確實：definitely→indeed
建議：suggest→advise
另外：besides→moreover
2. 句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：In addition, Chinese grammar is totally different from English grammar. That definitely brings you more trouble.
拓展句：In addition, Chinese grammar is totally different from English grammar, which definitely brings you more trouble.
【點睛】[高分句型1]For English, most of time, you’ll know how to pronounce a word when you see it.(運用了how+不定式作賓語，when引導的時間狀語從句)
[高分句型1]I suggest you start with Pinyin, which will help you know how to read Chinese characters.(運用了虛擬語氣和which引導的非限制性定語從句)

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