?2022-2023學(xué)年陜西省西安市周至重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）
A
Poland is known for food that is rich in meat.But as in many countries across the world，recent years have seen a rise in plant-based（植物性的） living.If you're a vegetarian（素食主義者） traveler in Gdańsk looking for some meat-free choices，make sure to pay these restaurants a visit!
Pierogarnia Mandu
A trip to Gdańsk would be incomplete without pierogi，dumplings containing sweet fillings.They're the basic Polish comfort food!This restaurant specializes in pierogi.You'll also get to watch the pierogi being made in full view of the restaurant.It's worth booking in advance as it's very popular.
Avocado Vegan Bistro
It is a small，comfortable cafe with a menu that includes classics like dumplings as well as daily specials.It can get pretty busy，so you may have to choose for takeaway rather than eating in，but the food is fresh and tasty.There is also a great selection of vegan cakes and desserts to choose from，so it's worth a visit even if you've already eaten.
Zakwasownia
Also in Wrzeszcz is Zakwasownia，a vegan organic restaurant.The menu is not huge，but you can expect quality rather than quantity with dishes.There is a lot of attention to detail in the way that dishes are plated，creating a dining experience that feels a little fancy — perfect for a date night or a special occasion.There is also a children's menu，so it's family friendly，too.
Manna 68
Also in the Old Town is Manna 68，an only vegan restaurant.The menu is varied.Its central location makes it a perfect pit stop （短暫休息） after a day of exploring the streets of the Old Town.That also means it's a little pricier，but for quality food，friendly service and a comfortable atmosphere，it's worth it.
1. What can travelers experience in Pierogarnia Mandu？ ______
A. Choose for takeaway.
B. Buy free comfort food.
C. Make dumplings with families.
D. Watch the process of making pierogi.
2. Which restaurant suits a young couple with a kid？ ______
A. Manna 68. B. Zakwasownia.
C. Pierogarnia Mandu. D. Avocado Vegan Bistro.
3. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A textbook. B. An art magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. An academic article.
B
Lifting a spear（矛），Li Jinqi pulls it across her shoulders and spins it quickly.Following her example，10 peers in two rows wearing the same kung fu-style clothes produce the same movements.
Li is a 24-year-old student at Beihang University in Beijing，but she is more widely famous on campus as a martial arts（武術(shù)） master.She has studied various martial arts styles，including boxing and sword play.She has won several cross-campus martial arts competitions held in the capital city，reported Xinhua.
Li also leads the university's martial arts club，which has grown from a team of two participants to over 30 active members.Having performed at the graduation ceremony for three years，the club is now one of the most popular on campus in terms of recruitment（招新）.
Gao Xiaoya，a junior Beihang student who also joined the school's martial arts club，has gained inner peace and strength from the sport.Gao is among an increasing number of young people who were first attracted to martial arts as a way to keep fit. "You start to appreciate it more and realize that martial arts are full of philosophical views on how to face challenges and be confident while also being modest，" the 21-year-old told Xinhua.
On the Chinese video-sharing platform Bilibili，short videos on topics of traditional Chinese culture，such as martial arts，hanfu，Peking Opera，and calligraphy often receive a large number of likes and comments.
The fast development of the internet and social media also helps communication about traditional Chinese culture，enabling young people to have easier access to previously niche （小眾的） art forms，" Song Yu，an assistant researcher at the Institute of Sociology at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，said to Xinhua.
For Li，practicing martial arts also means more than fitness training. "I don't think martial arts is about fighting，" she said. "Martial arts is about finding the best version of yourself."
4. What does the article tell us about Li Jinqi？ ______
A. She is better at swordplay than boxing.
B. She has been teaching martial arts for three years.
C. She is the leader of her university's martial arts club.
D. She has won many awards in national martial arts competitions.
5. How has Gao Xiaoya benefited from martial arts？ ______
A. She succeeded in losing weight.
B. She has become healthier both mentally and physically.
C. She has become happier than before.
D. She is now more willing to take risks.
6. Why does the author quote Song Yu？ ______
A. To explain technology's role in promoting traditional Chinese culture.
B. To introduce why more and more young people prefer niche art forms.
C. To show the fast development of social media in China.
D. To stress the popularity of traditional Chinese culture.
7. What does Li think of martial arts in the last paragraph？ ______
A. It is too challenging.
B. It's a way for her to keep fit.
C. It is useful in case of an emergency.
D. It helps her to make herself better.
C
How many calories are there in every meal you eat？That seems like a difficult question to answer.But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now.They put what they eat into an online calorie counter（計(jì)算器）.It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.
In fact，this is part of the school's health class.It includes heart health，nutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)） and fitness.Students can learn basic knowledge about fats，proteins（蛋白質(zhì)），calories and sugar.
Students learn how to balance calories in and out.They will know what happens when the balance isn't there. "The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices.Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference." Adam Carlson，the teacher in charge，told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.
They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym.According to Carlson，the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger.But it doesn't work for everyone.So they try to find different exercise tips. "I'm trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun，challenging，and doesn't need to take hours out of the day，" she said.
The class has indeed changed students. "I am now watching what I am eating and pay attention to the food labels，" said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler.Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.
8. After taking the health class，the students ______ .
A. try to keep a balanced diet
B. eat more food with labels
C. pay more attention to food prices
D. stop eating sugary food
9. What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs？ ______
A. They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories by themselves.
B. They learn about health and nutrition from the health class.
C. They create a popular online calorie counter.
D. They teach people about food nutrition in class.
10. Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with？ ______
A. Calories matter much more than protein.
B. Fewer calories means better health.
C. The calorie counter doesn't help at all.
D. Healthy eating habits and exercise are both important.
11. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Different ways to keep fit
B. Counting calories to stay healthy
C. Opinions on how to balance your diet
D. A health class at Aitkin Independent Age
D
The UK's largest and most advanced robotics centre，the National Robotarium，opened on Sep.28th，2022 in Edinburgh，is aimed to be a world-leading centre for robotics and artificial intelligence.It's hosted by Heriot-Watt University and the University of Edinburgh and received ￡21 million in funding from the UK government as well as ￡1.4 million from the Scottish government.
Stewart Miller，the chief executive of the National Robotarium has said that society needs to prepare for the increased integration of robots but shouldn't fear the rise of artificial intelligence （AI）.He told Sky-News that "Necessarily there will be more robots in everybody's life.They'll be helping you at home，when you go out shopping，when you go to a hotel，they'll serve you，when you go to a theatre，everything.And in your working life."
Internationally，some scientists have expressed concerns over rapid progress in the field of artificial intelligence.A new survey of researchers from the New York University Centre for Data Science found that more than a third （36%） of respondents that had published recent papers in the field thought that AI could produce catastrophic outcomes in this century， "on the level of all-out nuclear war".
Mr.Miller said， "The thing to remember is that we，the humans，are in control.We decide how far it goes and doesn't go".He added， "A lot of people have already been working on making sure the software sitting behind AI has safeguards built into it." To make sure that，particularly when it's running on a robotic platform，it can't do any harm or at least we make sure it does as minimal harm as we possibly can.So those kinds of safeguards will be built in by the engineers. "We will have to put safeguards in place and make sure we have good controls around it，because artificial intelligence is a very powerful technology.But I think it has more things to bring that will be good than we have to worry about."
12. What can we learn about AI from paragraph 2？ ______
A. It brings fear to the whole society.
B. It takes place of human labour.
C. It helps human in many ways.
D. It's generally applied to service industry.
13. What does the underlined word "catastrophic" mean in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Disastrous. B. Dramatic. C. Surprising. D. Promising.
14. What measures have been taken to avoid the threat from AI？ ______
A. Hiring safeguards.
B. Setting up a security website.
C. Purchasing security systems.
D. Putting security software in place.
15. What's the text mainly about？ ______
A. Security defense of artificial intelligence.
B. No need to worry about artificial intelligence.
C. Wide application of artificial intelligence.
D. Major problems brought by artificial intelligence.

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）
If you want to write a travel journal，here are some useful tips for you.
Get in the habit of writing in your travel journal every day. （1） ______ You will regret this later when priceless memories are forgotten.You may promise yourself that you will go back and write about your experiences later，but that almost never happens. （2） ______ It doesn't have to be long，just on a regular basis.
Use your "down time" for your travel journal. （3） ______ You can always write down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains，waiting for planes，or waiting in line.
（ 4） ______ In your heading write down the date，where you were，who you were with，maybe even the weather and what you ate that day.These are the first details people usually forget.Years later when you read your journal you will know exactly what you were doing on that day.No matter how much time changes，the memories will come rushing back.
Focus on writing about how you feel.Listing facts and figures is fine but that isn't why you travel.A long journey is a time for self-reflection.Being in a foreign environment is a special experience.Make a list of places you want to go next.Memories of these feelings die down quickly with time. （5） ______


A.Date your diary in your travel journal.
B.Be sure your travel journal is just like a book.
C.When you are on a busy journey，it is easy to forget to write.
D.Buy a travel journal that can be used for a long time.
E.Take a few minutes every day and put down your memories.
F.Surprisingly，you spend a lot of time sitting around while travelling.
G.Writing about those experiences while the memories are fresh is necessary.

16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）
It was a cold winter day when I set out on a run with my dog，Tick.As a（n）（1） ______ athlete I often went for training runs by myself，and had taken this particular route before.So what happened next was just bad （2） ______ .
About an hour into my run along a remote canyon（峽谷） trail，（3） ______ I hit a piece of black ice.I found myself （4） ______ the rock face，which became steeper until suddenly I fell.I fell 60 feet into the canyon，（5） ______ on a four feet square rock.I could feel my legs，（6） ______ I knew I wasn't paralyzed（癱瘓的）.However，I was in extreme pain.Tick had （7） ______ to find his way back to me，so I （8） ______ here must be a way out of the canyon，but I couldn't （9） ______ .
I shouted for（10） ______ but there was no response at all.In a last effort，I called Tick over and told him to （11） ______ someone for help.I always talked to him just as I talked to a （12） ______ .Tick took off through the canyon and I（13） ______ there thinking about my family and friends.There was more that I wanted from（14） ______ .
Half an hour later，Tick returned（15） ______ Then I heard an engine in the distance.I started yelling for help（16） ______ ， and that was when I saw a man walking towards me.He was so （17） ______ and told me his name was Bill，and that he came to find me.I cried with （18） ______ It turned out that Tick had found a search and rescue team and guaranteed a successful（19） ______ — I was airlifted to hospital （20） ______ my best company Tick.
21. ?A. ambitious B. professional C. reputable D. outstanding
22. ?A. alternative B. potential C. memory D. fortune
23. ?A. purposefully B. apparently C. accidentally D. violently
24. ?A. slipping down B. going around C. climbing up D. driving along
25. ?A. holding B. landing C. hanging D. leaning
26. ?A. but B. and C. or D. so
27. ?A. arranged B. determined C. managed D. attempted
28. ?A. doubted B. imagined C. concluded D. remembered
29. ?A. survive B. insist C. withdraw D. progress
30. ?A. advice B. help C. inspiration D. opportunity
31. ?A. attend to B. see to C. turn to D. stick to
32. ?A. guide B. doctor C. coach D. human
33. ?A. wandered B. lay C. hid D. served
34. ?A. life B. nature C. training D. adventure
35. ?A. regretfully B. straight C. alone D. casually
36. ?A. randomly B. desperately C. curiously D. painfully
37. ?A. caring B. alert C. patient D. confident
38. ?A. joy B. fear C. panic D. anger
39. ?A. experience B. rescue C. recovery D. exploration
40. ?A. in B. beside C. as D. for
四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）
41. 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Cloning is a way of（1） ______ （ make） an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is（2） ______ gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants.The other is that it is （3） ______ （ value） for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However，the process of cloning is difficult（4） ______ （ undertake）.
Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The first successful clone，Dolly the sheep，made the whole scientific world follow （5） ______ （ it） process，though it had（6） ______ problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand，Dolly's appearance（7） ______ （ raise） a storm of objections and had a great impact （8） ______ the media and public（9） ______ （ imagine）.Different people have different opinions on it.However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is （10） ______ （ lead） us.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）
42. Several years before，my friend and I would often drive to Chicago to pay a visit our other friends.After a couple of trips we noticed that there is a homeless man always sitting at a same exit of the subway.One day we brought some food with us and gave them to him.When he saw what we have brought for him，he became exciting with joy.After seeing his reaction，my friend and I decided to take up our action a little further.One night we packed up sandwiches and bottles of water，looking for people whom were in need.The look of joy on the face of each person we helped was one of the most amazing feeling in my life.
六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）
43. 假定現(xiàn)在是2080年，照顧老年人成了一個(gè)突出的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。你公司順應(yīng)社會(huì)需求適時(shí)推出了家用機(jī)器人。該機(jī)器人的主要功能：
（1）可以在固定的時(shí)間做飯，也可以根據(jù)個(gè)人需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整；
（2）可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做運(yùn)動(dòng)等；
（3）能夠及時(shí)處理突發(fā)事件，例如在老人突然生病時(shí)會(huì)向醫(yī)生求助等。
請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容寫一篇發(fā)言稿，在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上向大家推薦你公司的這一新產(chǎn)品。
注意：
（1）詞數(shù)100左右；
（2）開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Ladies and gentlemen，

It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.
Thank you.
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C
【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pierogarnia?Mandu部分You'll?also?get?to?watch?the?pierogi?being?made?in?full?view?of?the?restaurant.（你還可以在餐廳的眾目睽睽之下觀看餃子的制作過(guò)程。）可知你在Pierogarnia?Mandu可知觀看制作餃子的過(guò)程。故選D。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zakwasownia部分There?is?also?a?children's?menu，so?it's?family?friendly，too.（還有一份兒童菜單，所以它也很適合家庭。）可知Zakwasownia適合帶孩子的年輕夫婦。故選B。
（3）文章出處題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第一段Poland?is?known?for?food?that?is?rich?in?meat.But?as?in?many?countries?across?the?world，recent?years?have?seen?a?rise?in?plant-based（植物性的）?living.If?you're?a?vegetarian（素食主義者）?traveler?in?Gdańsk?looking?for?some?meat-free?choices，make?sure?to?pay?these?restaurants?a?visit!（波蘭以富含肉類的食物而聞名。但就像世界上許多國(guó)家一樣，近年來(lái)，植物性生活方式有所增加。如果你是一個(gè)素食主義者，在Gdańsk上尋找一些無(wú)肉的選擇，一定要去看看這些餐館!）可知本文主要介紹了波蘭的美食文化以及在格但斯克旅游時(shí)，素食者可以去哪些餐廳品嘗美食。所以會(huì)出現(xiàn)在旅游手冊(cè)上。故選C。
本文主要介紹了波蘭的美食文化以及在格但斯克旅游時(shí)，素食者可以去哪些餐廳品嘗美食。
閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在文章第二段提到She has studied various martial arts styles，including boxing and sword play.（她學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)各種武術(shù)，包括拳擊和劍術(shù)），但并未提到她更擅長(zhǎng)拳擊還是劍術(shù)，故排除A項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第三段中Li also leads the university's martial arts club（李還領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著該校的武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部）可知，李是她所在大學(xué)武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部的負(fù)責(zé)人，C項(xiàng)符合文章內(nèi)容；根據(jù)Having performed at the graduation ceremony for three years，the club is now one of the most popular on campus in terms of recruitment.（連續(xù)三年該俱樂(lè)部在畢業(yè)典禮上進(jìn)行表演，現(xiàn)在是校園里最受歡迎的招募俱樂(lè)部之一）可知，連續(xù)三年該俱樂(lè)部在畢業(yè)典禮上進(jìn)行表演，但不能因此判斷她教武術(shù)已經(jīng)三年了，排除B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第二段中She has won several cross-campus martial arts competitions held in the capital city（她贏得了在首都舉行的幾場(chǎng)跨校園武術(shù)比賽的冠軍）可知，李贏得的是首都跨校園武術(shù)比賽的冠軍，文章并未提到她是否在全國(guó)武術(shù)比賽中多次獲獎(jiǎng)，排除D項(xiàng)。故選C。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Gao Xiaoya，a junior Beihang student who also joined the school's martial arts club，has gained inner peace and strength from the sport.（北航大三學(xué)生高小丫也加入了學(xué)校的武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部，她從這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得了內(nèi)心的平靜和力量。）可推知，加入學(xué)校的武術(shù)俱樂(lè)部之后她的精神和身體都變得更健康了。故選B。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中宋瑜的話The fast development of the internet and social media also helps communication about traditional Chinese culture，enabling young people to have easier access to previously niche art forms（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和社交媒體的快速發(fā)展也有助于傳播中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，使年輕人更容易接觸到以前小眾的藝術(shù)形式）可推知，作者引用宋瑜的話解釋了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和社交媒體等技術(shù)在促進(jìn)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化方面的作用。故選A。
（4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題，根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容For Li，practicing martial arts also means more than fitness training. "I don't think martial arts is about fighting，" she said. "Martial arts is about finding the best version of yourself."（對(duì)李來(lái)說(shuō)，練武不僅僅意味著健身訓(xùn)練。"我不認(rèn)為武術(shù)是為了打架，"她說(shuō)。"武術(shù)就是要找到最好的自己。"）可知，李錦琪認(rèn)為武術(shù)有助于她讓自己變得更好。故選D。
本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了北航大學(xué)的一位武術(shù)高手李錦琪，她成立的俱樂(lè)部從最開(kāi)始只有兩個(gè)成員，發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在有超過(guò)30個(gè)活躍成員。她在中國(guó)的視頻分享平臺(tái)Bilibili上分享關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)文化的短視頻，如武術(shù)、漢服、京劇和書(shū)法等，經(jīng)常會(huì)收到大量的點(diǎn)贊和評(píng)論。
閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】A、B、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段In?fact，this?is?part?of?the?school's?health?class.It?includes?heart?health，nutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)）?and?fitness.Students?can?learn?basic?knowledge?about?fats，proteins（蛋白質(zhì)），calories?and?sugar.（事實(shí)上，這是學(xué)校健康課的一部分。它包括心臟健康、營(yíng)養(yǎng)和健身。學(xué)生可以學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)脂肪、蛋白質(zhì)、卡路里和糖的基本知識(shí)。）和第三段第一句?Students?learn?how?to?balance?calories?in?and?out.（學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)如何平衡卡路里的攝入和消耗）可知，在上了健康課之后，學(xué)生們盡力保持均衡的飲食。故選A。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段In?fact，this?is?part?of?the?school's?health?class.It?includes?heart?health，nutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)）?and?fitness.Students?can?learn?basic?knowledge?about?fats，proteins（蛋白質(zhì)），calories?and?sugar.（事實(shí)上，這是學(xué)校健康課的一部分。它包括心臟健康、營(yíng)養(yǎng)和健身。學(xué)生可以學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)脂肪、蛋白質(zhì)、卡路里和糖的基本知識(shí)。）可知，通過(guò)前兩段我們了解到學(xué)生在上課時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的知識(shí)。故選B。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段The?online?calorie?counter?has?turned?out?to?be?a?cool?tool?to?help?you?make?healthy?choices.Making?one?healthy?eating?decision?can?really?make?a?difference."（在線卡路里計(jì)數(shù)器已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)很酷的工具，可以幫助你做出健康的選擇。做出一個(gè)健康的飲食決定真的能帶來(lái)不同。）可知，Adam Carlson認(rèn)為健康的飲食習(xí)慣很重要。故選D。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段How?many?calories?are?there?in?every?meal?you?eat？That?seems?like?a?difficult?question?to?answer.But?students?at?Aitkin?High?School?in?the?United?States?can?easily?answer?it?now.They?put?what?they?eat?into?an?online?calorie?counter（計(jì)算器）.It?quickly?measures?the?amount?of?calories?in?their?meals.（你每頓飯有多少卡路里？這似乎是個(gè)很難回答的問(wèn)題。但是美國(guó)艾特金高中的學(xué)生現(xiàn)在可以輕松地回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。他們把自己吃的東西輸入一個(gè)在線卡路里計(jì)數(shù)器，它會(huì)迅速計(jì)算出他們每頓飯中的卡路里量。）可知本文講述的是人們應(yīng)該計(jì)算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。所以"B.Counting?calories?to?stay?healthy計(jì)算卡路里以保持健康"為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。
本文是說(shuō)明文，講述的是人們應(yīng)該計(jì)算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。
閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段He?told?Sky-News?that?"Necessarily?there?will?be?more?robots?in?everybody's?life.They'll?be?helping?you?at?home，when?you?go?out?shopping，when?you?go?to?a?hotel，they'll?serve?you，when?you?go?to?a?theatre，everything.And?in?your?working?life."（他告訴Sky-News，"每個(gè)人的生活中必然會(huì)有更多的機(jī)器人。它們會(huì)在家里幫助你，當(dāng)你出去購(gòu)物時(shí)，當(dāng)你去酒店時(shí)，它們會(huì)為你服務(wù)，當(dāng)你去劇院時(shí)，一切都會(huì)。在你的工作生活中也是如此。"）可知，人工智能在許多方面幫助人類。故選C。
（2）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文A?new?survey?of?researchers?from?the?New?York?University?Centre?for?Data?Science?found?that?more?than?a?third?（36%）?of?respondents?that?had?published?recent?papers?in?the?field?thought?that?AI?could?produce? catastrophic?outcomes?in?this?century，?"on?the?level?of?all-out?nuclear?war".（一項(xiàng)針對(duì)紐約大學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)中心研究人員的新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，在最近發(fā)表該領(lǐng)域論文的受訪者中，超過(guò)三分之一（36%）的人認(rèn)為人工智能可能在本世紀(jì)產(chǎn)生 catastrophic后果，"達(dá)到全面核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的水平"）可知，后文提到人工智能達(dá)到全面核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的水平，即是災(zāi)難性的。故畫(huà)線詞意思是"災(zāi)難性的"。A．Disastrous.災(zāi)難性的；B．Dramatic.戲劇的；C．Surprising.令人驚訝的；D．Promising.有希望的。故選A。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段He?added，?"A?lot?of?people?have?already?been?working?on?making?sure?the?software?sitting?behind?AI?has?safeguards?built?into?it."?To?make?sure?that，particularly?when?it's?running?on?a?robotic?platform，it?can't?do?any?harm?or?at?least?we?make?sure?it?does?as?minimal?harm?as?we?possibly?can.So?those?kinds?of?safeguards?will?be?built?in?by?the?engineers.?"We?will?have?to?put?safeguards?in?place?and?make?sure?we?have?good?controls?around?it，because?artificial?intelligence?is?a?very?powerful?technology.But?I?think?it?has?more?things?to?bring?that?will?be?good?than?we?have?to?worry?about."（他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，"很多人已經(jīng)在努力確保人工智能背后的軟件有內(nèi)置的安全措施。"為了確保，特別是當(dāng)它在機(jī)器人平臺(tái)上運(yùn)行時(shí)，它不會(huì)造成任何傷害，或者至少我們要確保它盡可能地減少傷害。所以這些安全措施是由工程師們建立起來(lái)的。"我們將不得不采取安全措施，確保我們對(duì)它有良好的控制，因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄苁且豁?xiàng)非常強(qiáng)大的技術(shù)。但我認(rèn)為它會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的好處，這是我們不必?fù)?dān)心的。"）可知，安全措施指的是安裝安全軟件，所以通過(guò)安裝安全軟件來(lái)避免人工智能的威脅。故選D。
（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Stewart?Miller，the?chief?executive?of?the?National?Robotarium?has?said?that?society?needs?to?prepare?for?the?increased?integration?of?robots?but?shouldn't?fear?the?rise?of?artificial?intelligence?（AI）.（美國(guó)國(guó)家機(jī)器人博物館的首席執(zhí)行官斯圖爾特?米勒表示，社會(huì)需要為機(jī)器人的日益融合做好準(zhǔn)備，但不應(yīng)該害怕人工智能的崛起）；第三段Internationally，some?scientists?have?expressed?concerns?over?rapid?progress?in?the?field?of?artificial?intelligence.?（在國(guó)際上，一些科學(xué)家對(duì)人工智能領(lǐng)域的快速發(fā)展表示擔(dān)憂）以及最后一段中We?will?have?to?put?safeguards?in?place?and?make?sure?we?have?good?controls?around?it，because?artificial?intelligence?is?a?very?powerful?technology.But?I?think?it?has?more?things?to?bring?that?will?be?good?than?we?have?to?worry?about.（我們將不得不采取安全措施，確保我們對(duì)它有良好的控制，因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄苁且豁?xiàng)非常強(qiáng)大的技術(shù)。但我認(rèn)為它會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的好處，這是我們不必?fù)?dān)心的）可知，這篇文章主要講的是不必?fù)?dān)心人工智能。A．Security?defense?of?artificial?intelligence.人工智能的安全防御；B．No?need?to?worry?about?artificial?intelligence.不用擔(dān)心人工智能；C．Wide?application?of?artificial?intelligence.人工智能的廣泛應(yīng)用；D．Major?problems?brought?by?artificial?intelligence.人工智能帶來(lái)的主要問(wèn)題。故選B。
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了社會(huì)各界對(duì)人工智能日益崛起的擔(dān)憂，對(duì)此文章通過(guò)引述相關(guān)專家的言論告訴人們不必?fù)?dān)憂。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

16~20.【答案】C、E、F、A、G
【解析】（1）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文You will regret this later when priceless memories are forgotten.（當(dāng)無(wú)價(jià)的記憶被遺忘時(shí)，你會(huì)后悔的。）可知，空格處與忘記寫日志有關(guān)。C項(xiàng)"當(dāng)你在繁忙的旅途中，很容易忘記寫作。"承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段主旨句Get in the habit of writing in your travel journal every day.（養(yǎng)成每天寫旅行日記的習(xí)慣。）可知，本段主要介紹要養(yǎng)成每天寫旅行日記的習(xí)慣。E項(xiàng)"每天花幾分鐘時(shí)間，記下你的記憶。"符合本段主旨。故選E項(xiàng)。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段主旨句Use your "down time" for your travel journal.（利用你的"坐著的時(shí)間"寫旅行日記。）可知，本段主要介紹要利用你的"坐著的時(shí)間"寫旅行日記。根據(jù)下文You can always write down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains，waiting for planes，or waiting in line. （當(dāng)你在火車上、等飛機(jī)或排隊(duì)時(shí)，你可以在旅行日記中寫下幾行。）可知，在火車上、等飛機(jī)或排隊(duì)時(shí)有很多坐著的時(shí)間。F項(xiàng)"令人驚訝的是，你在旅行時(shí)花了很多時(shí)間坐著。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。
（4）段落標(biāo)題題?？崭裉幨潜径沃髦季?。根據(jù)下文In your heading write down the date，where you were，who you were with，maybe even the weather and what you ate that day.These are the first details people usually forget.（在你的標(biāo)題中寫下日期、你在哪里、和誰(shuí)在一起，甚至可能是那天的天氣和你吃了什么。這些是人們通常會(huì)忘記的第一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。）可知，本段主要介紹寫日志時(shí)要注明日期。A項(xiàng)"在旅行日志上注明你的日記日期。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Memories of these feelings die down quickly with time.（這些感覺(jué)的記憶會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而迅速消失。）可知，下文應(yīng)說(shuō)明我們要趁著記憶猶新時(shí)把它寫下來(lái)。G項(xiàng)"在回憶新鮮的時(shí)候?qū)懴逻@些經(jīng)歷是必要的。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。旅行可以讓我們放松身心、開(kāi)闊眼界、洗滌心境。本文主要介紹了如何寫好旅行日志，保存一美好而難忘的回憶。
關(guān)于選句填空的做題步驟：
步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。
步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。
步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。
步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。

21~40.【答案】B、D、C、A、B、D、C、C、D、B、C、D、B、A、C、B、A、A、B、D
【解析】（1）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.ambitious有野心的；B.professional職業(yè)的；C.reputable有聲望的；D.outstanding出色的。根據(jù)下文的"I often went for training runs by myself，and had taken this particular route before"可知，作為一個(gè)職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，作者經(jīng)常進(jìn)行跑步訓(xùn)練。故答案為B。
（2）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.alternative另外的選擇；B.potential潛力；C.memory記憶力；D.fortune運(yùn)氣。根據(jù)上文的"had taken this particular route before"可知，作者之前跑過(guò)該線路，因此下文中作者掉入峽谷只是運(yùn)氣不佳。故答案為D。
（3）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.purposefully有目的地；B.apparently明顯地；C.accidentally不小心地；D.violently猛烈地。作者不小心（accidentally）踩到了一塊黑冰。故答案為C。
（4）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.slipping down滑倒；B.going around四處走動(dòng)；C.climbing up爬；D.driving along一直往前開(kāi)。根據(jù)下文的"which became steeper until suddenly I fell.I fell 60 feet into the canyon"（越來(lái)越陡，直到我突然摔倒。我掉進(jìn)了60英尺高的峽谷）可知，作者滑下了巖壁。故答案為A。
（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.holding舉辦；B.landing著陸，跌落；C.hanging懸掛；D.leaning倚靠。根據(jù)上文的"I fell 60 feet into the canyon"和下文的"on a four feet square rock"可知，此處指作者跌落在一塊四英尺見(jiàn)方的巖石上。故答案為B。
（6）考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.but但是；B.and和；C.or或者；D.so因此。根據(jù)上文中的"I could feel my legs"和下文中的" I knew I wasn't paralyzed（癱瘓的）"可知，作者能感覺(jué)到自己的腿，所以作者意識(shí)到自己還沒(méi)有癱瘓。so連接兩個(gè)并列分句，表示因果關(guān)系。故答案為D。
（7）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.arranged安排；B.determined決心；C.managed設(shè)法完成；D.attempted嘗試。根據(jù)下文中的"find his way back to me. . .there must be a way out of the canyon"可知，Tick成功地找到了回到作者身邊的路，所以作者斷定肯定有走出峽谷的路。故答案為C。
（8）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.doubted懷疑；B.imagined想象；C.concluded總結(jié)，斷定；D.remembered記住。根據(jù)下句here?must?be?a?way?out?of?the?canyon可知Tick成功地找到了回到作者身邊的路，所以作者斷定肯定有走出峽谷的路。故答案為C。
（9）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.survive幸存；B.insist堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為；C.withdraw撤退；D.progress前進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文的"I was in extreme pain"和下文的內(nèi)容可知，作者前進(jìn)不了。故答案為D。
（10）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.inspiration靈感；D.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)。我大聲呼救，但一點(diǎn)反應(yīng)也沒(méi)有。此處指作者大聲呼救。下文中的"yelling for help"亦是提示。故答案為B。
（11）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.attend to照顧；B.see to處理；C.turn to轉(zhuǎn)向；D.stick to堅(jiān)持。作者大聲呼救但是沒(méi)有回應(yīng)。所以作者讓Tick去向別人求助。turn to sb.for help意為"向某人求助"。故答案為C。
（12）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.guide導(dǎo)游；B.doctor醫(yī)生；C.coach教練；D.human人。此處指作者總是跟Tick說(shuō)話，就像跟人說(shuō)話一樣。故答案為D。
（13）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.wandered徘徊；B.lay 躺；C.hid躲藏；D.served服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文I?could?feel?my?legs，（6）I?knew?I?wasn't?paralyzed（癱瘓的）.可知，作者受傷不能動(dòng)，故Tick離開(kāi)峽谷后，作者躺在那里想著家人和朋友，意識(shí)到自己還想從生活中得到更多。故答案為B。
（14）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.life生活；B.nature自然；C.training訓(xùn)練；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。我想從生活中得到更多。故答案為A。
（15）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.regretfully后悔地；B.straight筆直地；C.alone單獨(dú)地；D.casually休閑地。根據(jù)下文中的"Then I heard an engine in the distance""It turned out that Tick had found a search and rescue team and guaranteed a successful. . . "可知，作者首先看到的是Tick獨(dú)自回來(lái)的景象。故答案為C。
（16）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.randomly任意地；B.desperately拼命地；C.curiously好奇地；D.painfully痛苦地。結(jié)合上文In?a?last?effort，I?called?Tick?over?and?told?him?to?（11）someone?for?help.（在最后的努力中，我呼喚Tick，告訴他向某人求助。）提到的作者的遭遇可知，現(xiàn)在作者只能等待救援，在聽(tīng)到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的聲音后，為了引起注意，作者拼命地大聲呼救。故答案為B。
（17）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.caring樂(lè)于助人的；B.alert機(jī)敏的；C.patient有耐心的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)下文的"told me his name was Bill，and that he came to find me"可知，Bill告訴作者他是來(lái)救作者的，故Bill是樂(lè)于助人的（caring）。故答案為A。
（18）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.joy高興；B.fear害怕；C.panic恐慌；D.anger生氣。此處指作者知道自己可以得救了，喜極而泣。cry with joy意為"喜極而泣"。故答案為A。
（19）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.rescue拯救；C.recovery康復(fù)；D.exploration探索。根據(jù)上文中的"It turned out that Tick had found a search and rescue team and guaranteed a successful"可知，結(jié)果證明Tick已經(jīng)找到了搜救隊(duì)并保證了一次成功的救援。故答案為B。
（20）考查介詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.in在……里面；B.beside在……旁邊；C.as作為；D.for因?yàn)?。因?yàn)門ick，作者才得以脫險(xiǎn)，被安全送到了醫(yī)院。故答案為D。
本文為記敘文。作者在一次跑步訓(xùn)練時(shí)意外地掉入峽谷不能動(dòng)彈，最后因?yàn)樽约旱墓饭返靡悦撾U(xiǎn)。
完形填空題的解題步驟：
1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過(guò)空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。
2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問(wèn)題。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開(kāi)朗。
3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問(wèn)題。
4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。

41.【答案】【小題1】making
【小題2】that
【小題3】valuable
【小題4】to undertake
【小題5】its
【小題6】more
【小題7】raised
【小題8】on
【小題9】imagination
【小題10】leading
【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：克隆是一種精確復(fù)制另一種動(dòng)物或植物的方法。介詞of后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填making。
（2）考查連詞。句意：一個(gè)是園丁用它來(lái)生產(chǎn)商業(yè)數(shù)量的植物。is后接的表語(yǔ)從句gardeners?use?it?to?produce?commercial?quantities?of?plants結(jié)構(gòu)和意思完整，要用連詞that引導(dǎo)從句。故填that。
（3）考查形容詞。句意：二是對(duì)植物新物種的研究和動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)研究有價(jià)值。be動(dòng)詞后接形容詞形式valuable（有價(jià)值的）作表語(yǔ)。故填valuable。
（4）考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：然而，克隆的過(guò)程很難進(jìn)行。"sth. +be +形容詞+ to do"結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的sth.同時(shí)又是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這時(shí)用動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)。故填to undertake。
（5）考查代詞。句意：第一個(gè)成功克隆的羊--多利羊，使整個(gè)科學(xué)界追隨它的過(guò)程，盡管它比正常的羊有更多的問(wèn)題。process是名詞，要用形容詞性物主代詞its作定語(yǔ)。故填its。
（6）考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：第一個(gè)成功克隆的羊--多利羊，使整個(gè)科學(xué)界追隨它的過(guò)程，盡管它比正常的羊有更多的問(wèn)題。more ...than"比……多"，是固定搭配。故填more。
（7）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：另一方面，多利的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣反對(duì)的風(fēng)暴，對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。根據(jù)下文中had要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填raised。
（8）考查固定搭配。句意：另一方面，多利的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣反對(duì)的風(fēng)暴，對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。have a great impact on"對(duì)......產(chǎn)生巨大影響"，是固定搭配。故填on。
（9）考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：另一方面，多利的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣反對(duì)的風(fēng)暴，對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。介詞on后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)，imagination是不可數(shù)名詞。故填imagination。
（10）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀幌胫揽寺?duì)我們是有益還是有害，以及它將把我們引向何方。根據(jù)前文中will?help or?harm要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。故填leading。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹克?。菏且环N精確復(fù)制另一種動(dòng)物或植物的方法。第一個(gè)成功克隆的羊--多利羊，使整個(gè)科學(xué)界追隨它的過(guò)程，盡管它比正常的羊有更多的問(wèn)題。然而，科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀幌胫揽寺?duì)我們是有益還是有害，以及它將把我們引向何方。
在一篇200詞左右的語(yǔ)篇（短文或?qū)υ挘┲辛舫?0處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語(yǔ)不得多于3個(gè)單詞。要做好語(yǔ)法填空題，理解短文是解題的前提，扎實(shí)的詞匯、句型和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是基礎(chǔ)，英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的背景知識(shí)是必要的補(bǔ)充。考生須靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，如單詞詞性、單詞時(shí)態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應(yīng)填寫的內(nèi)容。答完后，還要通讀全文，核對(duì)所填單詞形式是否正確，是否符合語(yǔ)境。

42.【答案】Several?years? before，my?friend?and?I?would?often drive to?Chicago?to?pay?a?visit∧?our?other?friends.After?a?couple?of?trips?we?noticed?that?there? is?a?homeless?man?always?sitting?at? a?same?exit?of?the?subway.One?day?we?brought?some?food?with?us?and?gave? them?to?him.When?he?saw?what?we ?have?brought?for?him，he?became ?exciting?with?joy.After?seeing?his?reaction，my?friend?and?I?decided?to?take?up?our?action?a?little?further.One?night?we?packed?up?sandwiches?and?bottles?of?water，looking?for?people? whom?were?in?need.The?look?of?joy?on?the?face?of?each?person?we?helped?was?one?of?the?most?amazing ?feeling?in?my?life.
詳解：
1.考查副詞。句意：幾年前，我和我的朋友經(jīng)常開(kāi)車去芝加哥拜訪我們的其他朋友。ago表示"從現(xiàn)在起的若干時(shí)間以前"，意思是"距今……以前"，需和過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用；before泛指"從過(guò)去起的若干時(shí)間以前"，意思是"距過(guò)去某時(shí)……以前"，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用several years ago表示"幾年前"，故before改為ago。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：幾年前，我和我的朋友經(jīng)常開(kāi)車去芝加哥拜訪我們的其他朋友。pay a visit to…"參觀/訪問(wèn)……"，固定搭配，故在visit后加to。
3.考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：在幾次旅行之后，我們注意到有一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人總是坐在地鐵的同一個(gè)出口處。結(jié)合上文several years ago可知，句子是在敘述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)a?homeless?man為單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was，故is改為was。
4.考查冠詞。句意：在幾次旅行之后，我們注意到有一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人總是坐在地鐵的同一個(gè)出口處。same通常與定冠詞the連用表示特指，故same前的a改為the。
5.考查代詞。句意：有一天，我們帶了一些食物給他。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處替代上文提到的some food，food"食物"為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用代詞it，故them改為it。
6.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他看到我們?yōu)樗麕?lái)的東西時(shí)，他高興得興奮起來(lái)。結(jié)合上文several years ago可知，句子是在敘述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)，"bring"這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在"see"之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故have改為had。
7.考查形容詞。句意：他看到我們?yōu)樗麕?lái)的東西時(shí)，他高興得興奮起來(lái)。exciting"令人興奮的"，修飾物，excited"感到興奮的"，修飾人，分析可知，此處修飾主語(yǔ)he，應(yīng)用excited，故exciting改為excited。
8.考查介詞。句意：看到他的反應(yīng)后，我和朋友決定進(jìn)一步行動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意表示"采取行動(dòng)"，短語(yǔ)為take action，up多余，故去掉up。
9.考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：一天晚上，我們打包了一些三明治和瓶裝水，尋找有需要的人。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為people，指人，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)，故whom改為who。
10.考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我們幫助的每個(gè)人的臉上的快樂(lè)表情是我一生中最神奇的感覺(jué)之一。feeling"感覺(jué)"是可數(shù)名詞，"one of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"意為"......之一"，故此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故feeling改為feelings。
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和朋友從幫助他人中獲得快樂(lè)的事情。
短文改錯(cuò)時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.快速閱讀，整體把握短文大意；2.重視語(yǔ)境以及上下文的關(guān)系；3.充分運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)找出錯(cuò)誤所在。

43.【答案】Ladies and gentlemen，
Thank you for attending our company's news conference. （表示感謝）It is known to all that people have to face various pressures as a result of the development of economy.【高分句型一】They don't have enough time to accompany the old people in their family，which has become a social problem. 【高分句型二】To solve this problem，our company put out the household robot designed to take care of old people.It can cook meals at a fixed time and it can also be adjusted according to individual needs.（可以在固定的時(shí)間做飯，也可以根據(jù)個(gè)人需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整） Besides，it can accompany old people in having a chat，playing chess and doing exercise. （可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做運(yùn)動(dòng)等）Moreover，it can deal with emergencies，for example，if an old man falls ill suddenly，the robot will call doctors for help.（能夠及時(shí)處理突發(fā)事件，例如在老人突然生病時(shí)會(huì)向醫(yī)生求助等）
It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.
Thank you.
【解析】高分句型一? It is known to all that people have to face various pressures as a result of the development of economy.
翻譯：眾所周知，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們不得不面對(duì)各種各樣的壓力。
分析：句中使用了that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。
高分句型二?? They don't have enough time to accompany the old people in their family，which has become a social problem.
翻譯：他們沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間陪伴家里的老人，這已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題。
分析：句中使用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
這是一篇提綱類作文，需要寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出，但是寫作時(shí)不要僅僅對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內(nèi)容，使文章看起來(lái)更充實(shí)，要組成一篇通順連貫的短文，一定要談?wù)勛约旱目捶?。需要注意緊扣文章主題，給出的要點(diǎn)都需要包括，缺一不可。寫作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，不能出現(xiàn)文章脫節(jié)問(wèn)題。盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型使文章顯得更有檔次。同時(shí)注意要求的字?jǐn)?shù)，不要太多也不要太少。

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