?專題03 閱讀理解之記敘文
（2023·江蘇淮安·?？家荒＃〦very boy wants to find treasure. And Tom was no different. One summer day Tom told Huck about his idea.
“Where can we look for treasure?” asked Huck.
“It’s hidden on islands, under dead trees, but mostly under the floors in haunted(鬧鬼的) houses.”
“Who hides it?”
“Robbers(劫匪). You can find a box with a hundred dollars in it, or a chest full of diamonds(鉆石).”
So, on Saturday afternoon the boys went to look for treasure at the haunted house on Cardiff Hill. It was a quiet and lonely place. And the boys looked at each other in fear. They entered quietly, and explored downstairs. There were cobwebs(蜘蛛網(wǎng)) everywhere and everything was old and broken. Then they threw their tools in a corner and walked upstairs, but there was nothing there. They were just about to go downstairs and start digging when Tom stopped.
“What is it?” whispered Huck, going white with fear.
“Keep still! There’s someone downstairs!”
The boys lay down, looking through the holes in the wooden floor. There were two men downstairs. One was an old Spaniard(西班牙人) in a wide hat. The other was dirty and unpleasant-looking. The boys shook with fear.
Then the Spaniard spoke. It was Indian Joe. Tom and Huck felt even more frightened.
The men sat down on the floor and ate. They then lay down and fell asleep. When the two men woke up, the stranger said, “It’s time for us to move, partner. What will we do with the $650 from the robbery?”
“Let’s keep $30 each and leave the rest here.”
The dirty man went to the fireplace(壁爐) and moved a stone. Then he lifted out a bag full of money and took out some coins.
The two boys forgot all their fears. There was real treasure downstairs.
—Adapted from the Adventures of Tom Sawyer
1．Except Tom and Huck, how many people are mentioned in the passage?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
2．According to Tom, what may not be included in the hidden treasure?
A．Dollars. B．Diamonds. C．Golds. D．Silvers.
3．How did Tom and Huck feel when they found the two men downstairs?
A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Afraid. D．Happy.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Tom thought Spaniards liked hiding treasure. B．The two man got the $650 through robbery.
C．The two man took the $650 away. D．The two men hid the money under the floor.
5．Why didn’t Tom and Huck feel frightened at last?
A．The two man made friends with them. B．Their attention was caught by the money.
C．They left the house and ran away. D．They decided to fight with the two man.
【答案】1．B????2．D????3．C????4．B????5．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文選自《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》。文章講述了湯姆和哈克兩個(gè)人來到一個(gè)房子里面尋寶，無意中看見了兩個(gè)盜賊藏在房子里的寶藏，心里由起初的恐懼變成后來的興奮。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第九段“There were two men downstairs.”可知，除了湯姆和哈克兩個(gè)人，另外還提到了兩個(gè)人。故選B。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“You can find a box with a hundred dollars in it, or a chest full of diamonds”和結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推測，鉆石美金都是值錢的東西，金和銀相比，金更值錢，所以此處只有藏起來的寶藏不包括銀。故選D。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第十段“Tom and Huck felt even more frightened”可知他們發(fā)現(xiàn)樓下有兩個(gè)人的時(shí)候是非常害怕的。故選C。
4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第十一段“What will we do with the $650 from the robbery”可知這兩個(gè)男人是通過搶劫得到的650美元。故選B。
5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The two boys forgot all their fears. There was real treasure downstairs.”他們想到樓下就是真正的寶藏的時(shí)候，就忘記了害怕了，所以是錢吸引了他們的注意力。故選B。
（2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模）The conflict (沖突) between Russia and Ukraine itself may be a questionable topic, yet it is the people who suffer the most. More than 4 million Ukrainians had fled from their homeland one month after it began. It was the biggest migration (移民) wave since World War II.?
I wanted to help by being a volunteer. However, it was difficult because I don’t speak Russian or Ukrainian. Luckily, after searching on the internet, I was finally able to sign up to volunteer in a modern gallery called Svetova.
The gallery is owned by an overseas Chinese in Prague, Czech Republic, and had over 40 volunteers to provide 24/7 aid to the Ukrainian refugees (難民). During a two-week intensive (集中的) aid program, the gallery provided a place to live and food for up to five people for free and also served as a safe and interesting space for children, where English classes, games and other fun activities were organized.?
Due to my busy school and work schedule, I was only able to volunteer there twice. But, besides the owner and his family, I was the first Chinese volunteer. My role was to help the refugees fill out registration (登記) papers. Sometimes, it was difficult with the language barrier, but there were translators to help.
I was so impressed by one Ukrainian mother and her two kids, who still had such kind smiles and bright eyes, despite all the awful things they must have experienced. Some other people may not be able to easily understand their feelings, but I really valued this chance to be with those people in need, doing what I could. Because we are all humans, we should come together in difficult times.
6．What do we know from Paragraph 1?
A．The conflict between Russia and Ukraine lasted one month.
B．People in Ukraine have suffered a lot in the conflict.
C．More than 4 million Russians left their homeland.
D．The conflict is worse than World War II.
7．Why was it difficult for the writer to be a volunteer?
A．Because the writer’s parents didn’t support the idea.
B．Because the writer didn’t know what to prepare.
C．Because the writer speaks neither?Russian nor Ukrainian.
D．Because there was a problem with the writer’s internet connection.
8．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How the writer became a volunteer at Svetova 1.
B．How the gallery trained its volunteers.
C．What volunteers needed to do to help refugees.
D．What the gallery did to help refugees from Ukraine.
9．What might the underlined word “barrier” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．skill B．support C．problem D．experience
10．Why did the writer consider it a valuable experience to be such a volunteer?
A．Because it helped him/her get into a good college.
B．Because he/she experienced some awful things.
C．Because it helped him/her to understand the feelings of refugees.
D．Because he/she could help others in need.
【答案】6．B????7．C????8．D????9．C????10．D
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹作者在俄烏沖突期間成為志愿者幫助難民的事情。作者幫助別人感到快樂因?yàn)槲覀兌际侨祟?，所以我們?yīng)該在困難時(shí)期走到一起。
6．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“yet it is the people who suffer the most”可知烏克蘭人民有最大的痛苦。故選B。
7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段“I wanted to help by being a volunteer. However, it was difficult because I don’t speak Russian or Ukrainian.”可知因?yàn)槲也粫?huì)講俄語以及烏克蘭語所以很難。故C。
8．主旨大意題。通讀第三段，可知主要介紹畫廊如何為烏克蘭難民提供幫助的。故選D。
9．詞義猜測題。從第四段“but there were translators to help.”可知有翻譯提供幫助，因此前面提及語言不通的困難障礙，應(yīng)指代困難。故選C。
10．推理判斷題。從開頭作者愿意幫助難民到最后“but I really valued this chance to be with those people in need”可知作者真的很珍惜與那些需要幫助的人在一起的機(jī)會(huì)，因此是能夠幫助需要的人。故選D。
（2023·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考一模）My name is Pablo. I think I’m a lucky guy. I have a good family, and we live in a nice neighborhood in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. People travel here from many countries for their vacations. We have beautiful beaches, hotels, restaurants, shopping and sports.
However, in my beautiful hometown, there are also very poor neighborhoods. These areas are crowded and have a lot of crime (犯罪). Life is terrible for many of the children in these areas. Some don’t really have a childhood because they’re homeless and live on the streets. They don’t have education. They don’t have enough food. Many use drugs or have illnesses or other problems.
Last year, I came back to Puerto Vallarta from my university in Mexico City, I spent one year as a volunteer with an organization called Outreach International. They have several programs. I volunteered for one program to help street children. I worked in a home for street children (all boys, at this one). At this home, the boys have a place to sleep and three meals daily. The home keeps the boys off the streets. It shows them another way of life. As a volunteer, I helped to prepare meals. I taught games—such as basketball, football and art. I helped the kids with their homework. These kids can be fun. They have a lot of energy, but they’re also really tough (堅(jiān)韌的). Their long and difficult time on the streets make them strong and not always “sweet little children”.
At these boys’ home, I met two other volunteers—Brian from Canada and Greg from Australia. In many ways, we were very similar. We were the same age, came from good homes and had a good education. They were both college students like me. We became very good friends. Now, we email each other.
It was the best and most difficult year of my life. I learned a lot that year.
11．We can learn that the writer ________.
A．loves travelling B．enjoys his work as a volunteer
C．is now working for a university in Mexico City D．has made friends with the homeless children
12．The paragraph 2 is mainly about ________.
A．street crime B．the author’s childhood experience
C．the author’s hometown D．the terrible life of the homeless children
13．According to the writer, ________ makes the street children really strong and tough.
A．drugs B．too much energy C．hard life D．difficulty from study
14．What is the best title for the passage?
A．My Special Year B．A Sweet Home C．Outreach International D．Street Children
【答案】11．B????12．D????13．C????14．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了出身幸福的作者為街道上的貧苦孩童做志愿者的故事。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后“It was the best and most difficult year of my life. I learned a lot that year.”可知那是我一生中最美好、最艱難的一年。那一年我學(xué)到了很多東西。因此選項(xiàng)B“享受作為志愿者的工作”符合。故選B。
12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“However, in my beautiful hometown, there are also very poor neighborhoods.?”可知然而，在我美麗的家鄉(xiāng)，也有非常貧窮的社區(qū)。因此這里主要講述了附近貧苦孩子的生活。故選D。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Their long and difficult time on the streets make them strong and not always ‘sweet little children’.”可知他們在街頭的漫長而艱難的時(shí)光使他們變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，并不總是“可愛的小孩子”，因此是艱難的生活使得他們很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選C。
14．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，作者主要講述了作為志愿者工作一年幫助貧苦兒童的經(jīng)歷。故選A。
（2023·河北衡水·?？级＃〥o you know why people put lion statues (雕塑) outside their houses? Let me tell you something about it.
Putting lion statues outside the buildings is a common tradition in China. It was especially common in ancient times. They can be seen at the gates of palaces, temples (寺廟), government offices and the houses of rich people. The statues are usually made of stones. People believe they can scare away something bad and bring good luck.
Since ancient times, people have put lion statues outside their houses to protect their families. They usually put a pair of stone lions on each side of the gate of their homes. One lion stands on the left playing with a ball. It stands for power. The other lion is on the right with a baby lion under her. She stands for a large and happy family.
However, the lion is not a native of China. It was not until about 2, 000 years ago, when lions were given to Chinese emperors as gifts, that the animal could be seen in China. Emperors loved lions because they looked strong and fierce. They kept lions as pets and as a symbol of power.
15．Why do people put lion statues outside the buildings?
A．Because they feel cool. B．Because they want to be special.
C．Because they want to show off. D．Because they want to get good luck.
16．What does the lion statue on the left of the gate stand for?
A．Power. B．Great wealth. C．Good health. D．A large and happy family.
17．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The history of lion statues. B．The size of lion statues.
C．The future of lion statues. D．The meaning of lion statues.
【答案】15．D????16．A????17．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了人們會(huì)在門口放石獅子的原因。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“?People believe they can scare away something bad and bring good luck.”可知人們相信它們可以嚇跑壞事并帶來好運(yùn)。故選D。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“One lion stands on the left playing with a ball. It stands for power.?”可知一只獅子站在左邊玩球。它代表權(quán)力。故選A。
17．主旨大意題。通讀第四段可住主要講述了獅子在中國的來源。選項(xiàng)A“獅子雕像的歷史”符合。故選A。
（2023·山東濟(jì)南·校聯(lián)考一模）When I spent that summer with my grandmother, she asked me to go shopping in the store with a list. There was a lady like no one I’ve ever seen.
“Excuse me, I need to get these,” I said, holding up my list.
She looked up and said, “I’m Miss Bee. I think you need to get them by yourself.” Miss Bee pointed to a sign “There’s no one here except you and me and I’m not your servant, so get yourself a basket and get all you want by yourself.”
I visited Miss Bee every Tuesday and Thursday that summer. Sometimes she shortchanged（少找零錢）me. Other times she overcharged（多收錢）. Going to the store was like going into battle（戰(zhàn)斗）. All summer long she found ways to trick me. But by the end of the summer, the shopping trip that had once taken me an hour was done in 15 minutes.
The morning I was ready to run home.
“All right, little girl,” she said. “What did you learn this summer?”
“That you’re bad!” I replied.
Miss Bee just laughed and said, “I know what you think of me. Well, I don’t care! My job is to teach every child I meet life lessons. When you get older, you’ll be glad!”
Glad I met Miss Bee? Ha! The idea was funny!
Until one day, my daughter came to me with homework problems. “It’s too hard,” she said. “Could you finish my math problems for me?”
“If I do it for you, how will you ever learn to do it yourself?” I said. Suddenly, I was back at that store where I had learned the hard way to add up my money by myself. Had I ever been overcharged since then?
18．How often did the writer go to the shop that summer?
A．Every day. B．Every two days.
C．Twice a week. D．Once a week.
19．What did the writer learn during her shopping trip?
A．Getting along well with Miss Bee. B．Doing things by the writer herself.
C．Teaching Miss Bee to sell things. D．Helping Miss Bee with shopping work.
20．Why did Miss Bee trick the writer?
A．Because she wanted to be tricked by the writer.
B．Because she wanted the writer to do lots of work for her.
C．Because she wanted to teach the writer some life lessons.
D．Because she wanted to make more money from the writer.
21．When did the writer understand Miss Bee?
A．On the day she was first at Miss Bee’s shop.
B．On the morning she was going to return home.
C．At the end of her summer vacation in her grandma’s home.
D．At the moment she refused to help her daughter with her homework.
22．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．A Shopping Fight B．A Shopping Lesson
C．A Shopping List D．A Shopping Job
【答案】18．C????19．B????20．C????21．D????22．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了我暑假時(shí)去超市購物遇到了一個(gè)很刁鉆的售貨員，那時(shí)我認(rèn)為她是一個(gè)壞人，等到我的女兒有一天問我數(shù)學(xué)題時(shí)，我突然明白我從那位售貨員身上學(xué)到了什么。????????
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I visited Miss Bee every Tuesday and Thursday that summer.”可知，那年夏天，我每周二和周四都去拜訪Bee小姐，即一周兩次，故選C。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I think you need to get them by yourself.”可知，Bee小姐認(rèn)為作者需要自己去拿。故選B。
20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“My job is to teach every child I meet life lessons.”可知，Bee小姐認(rèn)為她的工作是給她遇到的每一個(gè)孩子上人生課。故選C。
21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If I do it for you, how will you ever learn to do it yourself?...I was back at that store where I had learned the hard way to add up my money by myself.”可知，當(dāng)我拒絕為女兒完成數(shù)學(xué)題的時(shí)候，才明白在那家商店我學(xué)會(huì)了自己把錢加起來的艱難方法，也就是Bee小姐交給我的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選D。
22．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知，主要講述我去商店買東西而收獲的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B。
（2023·浙江溫州·統(tǒng)考一模）
In the story Snow White, the queen decides to get rid of Snow White forever with an apple filled with deadly poisons. Thanks to some helpful dwarves and a handsome prince, Snow White recovers, and everyone lives happily ever after.
But the queen didn’t need to go to all that trouble. In fact, apples and many common fruits we eat are already poisonous! But don’t worry the yummy part won’t harm you. It’s only the seeds* you need to avoid.
The apple tree is a part of a plant family called Prunus. This group also includes peaches, plums and cherries. There is a chemical* called amygdalin in the seeds of all these fruits. Inside an animal’s stomach, amygdalin turns into cyanide which can make people and animals very sick, or even kill them.
Still, don’t worry if you eat a few apple seeds by accident. Each seed has only a very tiny amount of poison. You’d have to eat plenty of seeds to feel any effect. And you’d need to chew* them well—the hard, shiny shells of apple seeds keep the poison locked inside. Unchewed seeds usually pass right through and come out whole in your poop. But cows and other animals often chew up seeds with the fruit, so they can get sick from eating apples and plums that fall to the ground.
Why would trees make poisoned seeds? To make them safe! Amygdalin tastes terrible. It’s also found in leaves and other parts of fruit trees. If a deer or a cow munches* on apple leaves, it gets a terrible taste and an upset stomach. Animals soon learn to leave those trees alone. Thanks, amygdalin!
Want evidence? If you bite into an apple seed, you’ll notice an awful taste. That’s the amygdalin. The apple tree doesn’t want you to chew up its seeds. It wants you to spit them out, so they can grow into new trees. Go right ahead!
Mirror mirror, on the wall, who’s the cleverest fruit of all?
You, my apple!
23．The writer mentioned the story Snow White at the beginning to ________.
A．explain the reason B．lead in the topic C．share the experience D．describe the problem
24．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 “cyanide” is a kind of ________.
A．hard seeds B．deadly illnesses C．common fruits D．harmful chemicals
25．According to the text, people or animals may get sick if they ________.
A．eat a few apple seeds B．chew up many apple seeds
C．spit out unchewed seeds D．smell hard and shiny seeds
26．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．The Poisoned Apple B．Plant Protection
C．Are Plants Poisonous? D．Are You My Apple?
【答案】23．B????24．D????25．B????26．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文通過《白雪公主》引出了“毒蘋果”的故事。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本章開頭講述了《白雪公主》的故事是為了引出本文的主題。故選B。
24．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Inside an animal’s stomach, amygdalin turns into cyanide which can make people and animals very sick, or even kill them.”可知，在動(dòng)物的胃里，“amygdalin”會(huì)變成“cyanide”，這會(huì)使人和動(dòng)物生病，甚至殺死它們?？赏茰y“cyanide”含義為“有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)”。故選D。
25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“You’d have to eat plenty of seeds to feel any effect.”和“But cows and other animals often chew up seeds with the fruit, so they can get sick from eating apples and plums that fall to the ground.”可知，如果人或動(dòng)物咀嚼了許多蘋果籽，它們可能會(huì)生病。故選B。
26．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文通過《白雪公主》引出了“毒蘋果”的故事。A選項(xiàng)“毒蘋果”符合，故選A。
（2023·江蘇無錫·江蘇省錫山高級(jí)中學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校?？家荒＃〨rowing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas (公式) and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasn’t with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My goal was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are influenced by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also react to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers and they try to achieve a sense of purpose. They get advantages from detailed and exact instructions and constant feedback (反饋).
Until I got to college, I didn’t really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious (耗時(shí)費(fèi)力的) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I should think about a particular problem. It wasn’t easy, but it was attractive. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept chasing them, even though I couldn’t always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me the same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph.D candidate (候選人) in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
27．Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before entering college?
A．Because he wasn’t interested in math.
B．Because his math teachers didn’t care to push him.
C．Because he was too smart and talented for math class.
D．Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.
28．We can conclude that after entering college, the writer ________.
A．was busy looking for math problems to solve
B．studied on his own just as he was in high school
C．met with laborious calculations in his studies
D．began to realize what mathematics really is
29．What is the best title for the text?
A．Interest is the best teacher B．Be the best — you can make it
C．Math, taught like football D．Once your teacher, always your teacher
【答案】27．B????28．D????29．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者大學(xué)以前不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，作者希望數(shù)學(xué)老師更像足球教練，學(xué)生不僅會(huì)受到教學(xué)計(jì)劃的影響，他們還會(huì)對老師的熱情和同齡人的參與做出反應(yīng)，并尋求目標(biāo)感，到了大學(xué)后，才真正知道數(shù)學(xué)是什么，它更接近于作者小時(shí)候獨(dú)自做的數(shù)學(xué)和邏輯難題，它給了作者同樣的好奇心，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)了作者的創(chuàng)造力。
27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was ‘slow’.”可知作者認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)是值得忍受的，是因?yàn)樗臄?shù)學(xué)老師不逼他學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。故選B。
28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Until I got to college, I didn’t really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious calculations.”可知作者進(jìn)入大學(xué)才開始意識(shí)到數(shù)學(xué)到底是什么。故選D。
29．標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了作者大學(xué)以前不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，作者希望數(shù)學(xué)老師更像足球教練，學(xué)生不僅會(huì)受到教案質(zhì)量的影響，他們還會(huì)對老師的熱情和同齡人的參與做出反應(yīng)，并尋求目標(biāo)感，到了大學(xué)后，才真正知道數(shù)學(xué)是什么，它更接近于作者小時(shí)候獨(dú)自做的數(shù)學(xué)和邏輯難題，它給了作者同樣的好奇心，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)了作者的創(chuàng)造力。用“Math, taught like football”做標(biāo)題最合適。故選C。
（2023·山東泰安·統(tǒng)考一模）Garbage sorting(垃圾分類) began on July 1, 2019. However, I, with the other 238 families who live in my building, have been living with a similar system for years. Here, I’d like to talk about our experiences.
????In October 2016, the government chose our neighborhood to be part of a pilot(試點(diǎn)的) program for garbage sorting. To help the program run smoothly, we set up a volunteer team. I am one of the volunteers. Several of us, however, doubted whether we could lead people in the building to change their habits.
????We began with the usual methods. We posted notices(張貼傳單) around the neighborhood. We also went door to door, spreading the word. However, they made plenty of mistakes. For example, many didn’t know wet garbage meant food waste. Instead, they thought it meant that was wet. Some even refused to sort their garbage.
????As a result, we volunteers had to do lots of sorting ourselves. At the same time, we went around explaining the rules. We kept talking to those who refused to sort their garbage. We let them know we had sorted their garbage for them. It was a matter of time and patience. We believed they would finally change their mind.
Six months later we were successful in changing people’s mind. People in my building had begun sorting in their garbage. Some even joined us to sort garbage that was sorted improperly.
I think face-to-face talks played an important role. Sometimes, these talks led us to conflict(沖突), but they were much more effective(有效的) than notices and flyers(小傳單). It was interesting to see what happened. I hope everyone knows garbage sorting is good for them.
30．When did the writer’s neighborhood start its garbage-sorting program?
A．In October, 2016. B．In April 2017.
C．After six months. D．On July 1, 2019.
31．How long did it take the people in the writer’s building to change their garbage-sorting habits?
A．For 238 days. B．For about 6 months. C．For about 7 months. D．For 2016 days.
32．What does the writer advise other volunteers to do to change people’s garbage-sorting habits?
A．The officers announce the garbage-sorting.
B．The government chooses a pilot neighborhood.
C．Volunteers post notice.
D．Volunteers have a face-to-face conversation with people.
33．Which of the followings is true according to the passage?
A．The government carried on the plan of garbage sorting because the writer’s neighborhood is very dirty.
B．At first people know what the wet garbage means.
C．The writer spread garbage sorting by posting notices, giving out flyers and talking to people.
D．There’s no change in garbage sorting in the writer’s neighborhood.
【答案】30．A????31．B????32．D????33．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述作者在社區(qū)做志愿者幫助推行垃圾分類，并最終成功的經(jīng)歷。
30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In October 2016, the government chose our neighborhood to be part of a pilot（試點(diǎn)的）program for garbage sorting.”可知，2016年10月，作者所在的社區(qū)開始了垃圾分類項(xiàng)目。故選A。
31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Six months later we were successful in changing people’s mind. People in my building had begun sorting in their garbage.”可知，作者樓里的人改變垃圾分類的習(xí)慣用了6個(gè)月的時(shí)間。故選B。
32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I think face-to-face talks played an important role.”可知，作者建議志愿者與人們進(jìn)行面對面的交談。故選D。
33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“We posted notices(張貼傳單) around the neighborhood. We also went door to door, spreading the word.”和“but they were much more effective(有效的) than notices and flyers(小傳單).”可知，作者通過張貼告示、分發(fā)傳單和與人們交談來宣傳垃圾分類，C項(xiàng)正確。故選C。
（2023·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考一模）Where there is a will, there is a way. Perhaps not many students can understand this better than Michael Ha. Because of his story of success, he has become an example to many young people.
Michael Ha was born in a very poor family in 1994. His parents worked in Vietnam before they moved to Britain in 1980. They couldn’t find work in Britain because they spoke little English. The whole family had to live on benefits（救濟(jì)金）and they lived in a small house in Hackney—a poor area in East London. Growing up was not easy for Michael, but he never gave up.
At the age of 10, he set his heart on going to Cambridge University. It was not easy, either. Michael studied at a school, which used to be called “the worst school” in Britain. However, young Michael made up his mind to try his best, no matter what kind of school he was studying at. The smart boy studied very hard and did well in every subject at school. Once he made a bet（打賭）with his friend to learn further math. As a result, after spending just four months teaching himself from a textbook, he got an A in AS-level further math（高等數(shù)學(xué)）.
Now Michael is a medical student at St. John’s College, Cambridge and has just won an award for his excellent grades. He hopes he will be an inspiration for other young people from disadvantaged backgrounds.
34．Where was Michael Ha born?
A．In Britain. B．In Vietnam. C．In America. D．In India.
35．Why couldn’t Michael’s parents find work in Britain?
A．Because they didn’t want to go to work.
B．Because they could live on benefits easily.
C．Because they could hardly speak English.
D．Because they had lots of money and houses.
36．What does Michael learn in Cambridge University now?
A．English. B．Medicine. C．Math. D．Every subject.
37．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Michael’s parents couldn't find work in Britain because they had little work experience.
B．Michael had a dream of studying at Cambridge University when he was 13 years old.
C．In order to learn further math well, Michael spent four months learning it by himself.
D．Michael has won two awards for his excellent grades at St. John’s College, Cambridge.
38．What is the best title of the passage?
A．How to deal with the difficulties. B．How to become an excellent student.
C．From a poor country to Cambridge. D．From “the worst school” to Cambridge.
【答案】34．A????35．C????36．B????37．C????38．D
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了Michael Ha的勵(lì)志故事，從英國最差的學(xué)校進(jìn)入了劍橋大學(xué)。
34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“His parents worked in Vietnam before they moved to Britain in 1980.”可知，父母在1980搬到英國，因此1994年出生在英國，故選A。
35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They couldn’t find work in Britain because they spoke little English.”可知，他的父母不會(huì)英語，故選C。
36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Now Michael is a medical student at St. John's College, Cambridge”可知，他在劍橋大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)，故選B。
37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“As a result, after spending just four months teaching himself from a textbook, he got an A in AS-level further math（高等數(shù)學(xué)）.”可知，他四個(gè)月自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué)，故選C。
38．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了Michael Ha的勵(lì)志故事，從英國最差的學(xué)校進(jìn)入了劍橋大學(xué)，故選D。
（2023·河南信陽·統(tǒng)考一模）A man named Jack carne home from work and found his three children outside. They were still in their pajamas, playing in the mud. Toys were lying all over the garden. The front door to the house was wide open.
Walking in the door, he found an even bigger mess. In the living room, the TV was turned up loud. There were toys and clothes all over the places.
In the kitchen, there was a broken glass under the table and dishes filled the sink. Breakfast food was still on the dining table. The door of the fridge was open. In the bathroom, the bathtub was full of water. Soap and toilet paper were on the floor. Toothpaste was all over the mirror and walls.
He quickly went upstairs, looking for his wife. He was worried that she was sick or that something bad happened.
As he ran into the bedroom, he found his wife in bed. Still in her pajamas, she was reading a novel. She looked up at him, smiled and asked how his day went. He looked at her and asked, “What happened here today?”
She smiled again and answered, “You know every day when you come home from work and you ask me what on earth I do all day...?”
“Yes,” he replied.
She answered, “well, I didn’t do it only today.”
39．Where did the story take place in the passage?
A．In a hotel. B．At Jack’s home. C．In a museum. D．At Jack’s workplace.
40．The underlined word “bathtub” means “_________” in the passage?
A．水槽 B．浴缸 C．廁所 D．水杯
41．How did Jack feel before he saw his wife?
A．Angry and tired. B．Happy and excited.
C．Worried and tired. D．Surprised and worried.
42．What did Jack see when he got back from work?
①The kids were playing in the mud.
②The house was in a big mess.
③His wife was sick and lying in bed.
④The TV was on in the living room.,
A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③
43．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The wife is a lazy, woman and does nothing every day.
B．The wife is sick and she can’t do anything for the family.
C．The wife is hard-working and usually keeps her house tidy.
D．The fridge door was left open with breakfast food in it.
【答案】39．B????40．B????41．D????42．A????43．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了杰克下班回到家后看到家里一團(tuán)糟。
39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A man named Jack carne home from work and found his three children outside.”可知，故事發(fā)生在家里，故選B。
40．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“In the bathroom, the bathtub was full of water”可知，浴室里的浴缸里都是水，因此“bathtub”意為“浴缸”，故選B。
41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“He was worried that she was sick or that something bad happened.”可知，看到家里亂糟糟的，男子很驚訝，他擔(dān)憂妻子生病了，故選D。
42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They were still in their pajamas, playing in the mud.”；“Walking in the door, he found an even bigger mess.”和“In the living room, the TV was turned up loud.”可知，下班回家后看到家里很亂，孩子在泥漿里玩，電視機(jī)開著，故選A。
43．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“She answered, “ell, I didn’t do it only today.”可知，妻子只有今天沒有做家務(wù)，家里就很亂，可見妻子之前很勤勞，總是把家里打掃干凈，故選C。
（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考一模）Just up the road is a field with two horses in it. They look the same from a distance. But if you take a closer look at the two horses, you will notice something very interesting.
One of the horses is blind. Instead of abandoning (拋棄) the poor horse, his owner has made a safe and comfortable barn (畜棚) for him to live in. If you stand nearby and listen, you will hear the sound of a bell. It comes from the smaller horse in the field. The bell is on the horse’s halter (籠頭). It helps the blind horse know where his friend is, so he can follow.
As you stand and watch these two friends, you’ll see that the smaller horse with the bell is always checking on the blind horse, and that the blind horse will listen for the bell and then slowly walk to where the smaller horse is. When the smaller horse with the bell returns to the barn each time, he will stop to look back from time to time. He wants to make sure that the blind friend isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.
In our life, we get help from others when we are in need. Sometimes we are the blind horse, being guided by the ringing bell of our companions. At other times, we are just the guide horse, helping others to find their way.
44．The first paragraph tells us ________.
A．two horses are the same B．two horses always work together
C．two horses are playing on the road D．there is something interesting between the two horses
45．From the second paragraph, we can know the owner of two horses is ________.
A．mean B．poor C．kind D．rich
46．The blind horse know where his friend is by ________.
A．living with his friend B．standing nearby his friend
C．hearing the sound of a bell D．working with his friend in the field
47．What does the smaller horse with the bell do when he returns to the barn each time?
A．He walks faster.
B．He listens for the bell.
C．He looks for food for the blind horse.
D．He always stops to look back from time to time.
48．What can we learn from the passage?
A．We should be friendly to animals. B．Helping others is helping ourselves.
C．Don’t lose our heart when we are ill. D．We can be the guide when we grow up.
【答案】44．D????45．C????46．C????47．D????48．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了善良的馬主人，讓一匹帶著鈴鐺的小馬幫助盲馬引路的故事，最后故事告訴我們在生活中，當(dāng)我們需要幫助時(shí)，我們會(huì)得到別人的幫助，在別人需要幫助時(shí)，我們也應(yīng)伸出援手，人與人之間要互相幫助。
44．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段整段可知，田地里有兩匹馬，從遠(yuǎn)處看他們一樣，但走近一點(diǎn)兒，你會(huì)注意到兩匹馬之間有趣的事情。故選D。
45．判斷推理題。根據(jù)“One of the horses is blind. Instead of abandoning the poor horse, his owner has made a safe and comfortable barn for him to live in.”可知，兩只馬中的一只是盲馬，但主人沒有拋棄它，還給它建了安全舒適的馬廄，可推測它的主人很善良，kind“友善的”符合語境。故選C。
46．判斷推理題。根據(jù)“...you will hear the sound of a bell. It comes from the smaller horse in the field. The bell is on the horse’s halter. It helps the blind horse know where his friend is, so he can follow.”可知，小馬的籠頭上有個(gè)鈴鐺，當(dāng)小馬走動(dòng)時(shí)鈴鐺會(huì)響，鈴聲可以幫助盲馬跟著小馬走，可推測盲馬聽鈴聲判斷朋友在哪兒。故選C。
47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When the smaller horse with the bell returns to the barn each time, he will stop to look back from time to time.”可知，當(dāng)帶鈴鐺的小馬每次回到畜棚時(shí)，他都會(huì)不時(shí)地停下來回頭看盲馬。故選D。
48．主旨大意題。全文通篇講述了帶鈴鐺的小馬幫助盲馬引路，并告訴我們應(yīng)該給予別人幫助，只有大家互相幫助，在自己需要幫助時(shí)，才會(huì)有人伸出援手，故而幫助別人也就是幫助自己。故選B。
（2023·天津紅橋·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）A man hated his wife’s cat and he decided to get rid of (丟棄) it. He drove five miles away from home and dropped it there. But the cat was walking in the yard when he got home.
The next day, he decided to drop the cat ten miles away but the same thing happened. The cat kept on coming home before him. At last he decided to drive a long way, turn right, then left, pass the bridge, then turn left again and another left. In the end, he reached a place which he thought was perfect and dropped the cat there.
Seven hours later, the man called his wife and asked her, “Dear, is the cat there?” “Yes, why do you ask?” answered his wife. Frustrated (沮喪的), the man said, “Put the cat on the phone. I’m lost and need direction.”
49．What did the man want to do?
A．Drive to different places. B．To get rid of his wife’s cat.
C．Teach his cat to go home. D．Travel with his wife’s cat.
50．The next day, the man drove ________ miles away from home and dropped the cat.
A．5 B．10 C．15 D．20
51．How many times did the man drop the cat?
A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times.
52．What was the cat good at?
A．Answering the phone. B．Driving a long way.
C．Walking a long way. D．Finding its way home.
53．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The cat didn’t go back home any more. B．The man dropped the cat successfully.
C．The cat was lost. D．The man was lost.
【答案】49．B????50．B????51．C????52．D????53．D
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)男人討厭他妻子的貓并決定丟棄它，第一次驅(qū)車五英里，結(jié)果他到家時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)貓?jiān)谠鹤永?，第二次?qū)車十英里，結(jié)果貓又比他提前到家，最后他驅(qū)車很遠(yuǎn)扔下貓，結(jié)果七個(gè)小時(shí)后，他迷路了，而貓已經(jīng)回了家。
49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A man hated his wife’s cat and he decided to get rid of it”可知這個(gè)男人討厭妻子的貓并且決定丟棄它，故選B。
50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The next day, he decided to drop the cat ten miles away but the same thing happened. ”可知第二天他決定把貓扔在十英里外，故選B。
51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He drove five miles away from home and dropped it there”“The next day, he decided to drop the cat ten miles away”和“At last he decided to drive a long way”可知這個(gè)人一共把貓扔了三次，故選C。
52．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“But the cat was walking in the yard when he got home.”“The cat kept on coming home before him”和“‘Dear, is the cat there?’ ‘’Yes, why do you ask?’”可推斷這只貓擅長找到回家的路，故選D。
53．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I’m lost and need direction”可知這個(gè)男人迷路了，故選D。

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專題04 閱讀理解之應(yīng)用文（解析版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編

專題04 閱讀理解之應(yīng)用文（解析版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編
專題03 閱讀理解之記敘文（原卷版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編

專題03 閱讀理解之記敘文（原卷版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編
專題02 閱讀理解之議論文（解析版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編

專題02 閱讀理解之議論文（解析版）2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編
專題03 閱讀理解之記敘文-學(xué)易金卷：2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編（全國通用）

專題03 閱讀理解之記敘文-學(xué)易金卷：2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編（全國通用）
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