?2022-2023學(xué)年河北省滄州市泊頭市八縣聯(lián)考高三（下）期中英語試卷
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________
第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）
A
Overview
Pompeii and the Amalfi Coast are two headliners in southern Italy，but it's virtually impossible to visit both in one day by public transportation.On this day trip，save hours with round-trip transport directly from Rome.
What's Included
Skip-the-Line Access and reservation fee for Pompeii
Amalfi Coast drive &free time in Positano
English-speaking tour guide for the day
Round-trip transport from Rome
What's not Included
Hotel pickup and drop-off
Food/Drinks
What to Expect
Stop 1 Pompeii
On arrival in Pompeii，your Skip-the-Line tickets will be much appreciated as you skip the long lines.Here you will meet your expert，an English-speaking guide who knows all the hidden corners and interesting tales.Visit the well-preserved ancient villas，restaurants and theaters of the ancient world as the past comes to life through the insights and stories of your enthusiastic guide.
Stop 2 Amalfi Coast
After some free time for a few last pictures of the ancient city and lunch in Pompeii，the tour will continue further south along the picturesque seaside roads of the Amalfi Coast.Here your breath will be taken away by the fantastic coastlines.
Stop 3 Positano
The winding roads will lead you to the beautiful seaside village，Positano.Here you will have free time to explore the winding streets lined with artisanal local shops or just sit back and enjoy the incredible view.Whichever you choose you will enjoy an unforgettable afternoon.
Cancellation Policy
You can cancel up to 24 hours in advance for a full refund.Any changes made less than 24 hours before the experience's start time will not be accepted.This experience requires a minimum number of visitor groups.If it's canceled because the minimum isn't met，you'll be offered a different date /experience or a full refund.
1. Which service is at visitors' own expense？ ______
A. A pickup from the hotel.
B. The trip to and from Rome.
C. An English-speaking tour guide.
D. The drive along the Amalfi Coast.
2. Where will visitors have lunch？ ______
A. In Rome. B. In Pompeii.
C. On the Amalfi Coast. D. On Positano streets.
3. Which will lead to failure of refunding？ ______
A. A visitor skips the line in Pompeii.
B. The group size is smaller than required.
C. A visitor cancels the trip ten hours ahead.
D. The visitors' arrival time is changed a week ahead.
B
If you've lost a pet，you have likely encountered Rainbow Bridge—a simple but moving poem about a pet's death and the promise of reunion with animal friends.Copies of the poem are given to heartbroken clients by animal hospitals；references appear on social media for sad pet parents.
For all the millions of lives Rainbow Bridge has touched，though，the author of the poem has remained unknown—until now.She is Edna Clyne-Rekhy，an 82-year-old Scottish artist and animal lover.Until recently，she had no idea that the poem she wrote over 60 years ago--to the memory of her dog—had brought comfort to so many others.
Clyne-Rekhy's authorship likely would have been lost to history，were it not for the efforts of Paul Koudounaris，an author and cat owner in Arizona.Koudounaris frequently encountered references to Rainbow Bridge while he was working on a book about pets.
The poem's popularity，he discovered，was launched in February 1994，when a reader of the advice column Dear Abby sent a copy of the poem to the editor."If you print this，you'd better warn your readers to get out their handkerchiefs，"the reader wrote.Abby did print the poem，but she also pointed out that the author's name was regrettably missing，"If anyone in my audience knows the author，please let me know."
No one came forward，but after that，Rainbow Bridge seemed to be everywhere.Starting in 1995，Koudounaris found records of 15 separate claims filed under the title Rainbow Bridge with the United States Copyright Office.He made a list of around 25 names he found with any connection to the poem，and looked into each and crossed them off until just one was left：Edna Clyne-Rekhy.
When Koudounaris finally reached Clyne-Rekhy in January and asked if she was the author of Rainbow Bridge，her first response，she says，was"How on earth did you find me!？"
4. Why did Clyne-Rekhy write Rainbow Bridge？ ______
A. To comfort sad pet owners. B. To remember her dead dog.
C. To thank an animal hospital. D. To make herself well-known.
5. Who first recommended Rainbow Bridge to the public？ ______
A. Clyne-Rekhy. B. Abby.
C. Koudounaris. D. A column writer.
6. How did Clyne-Rekhy feel when she was found by Koudounaris？ ______
A. Inspired. B. Frightened. C. Depressed. D. Surprised.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Affection for Pets Paid off-What Luck
B. A Poet Rose to Fame Overnight—How She Made It
C. A Poem Comforts Millions of Pet Owners—Who Wrote It
D. Lost Pets Return in Another Way—What an Amazing Thing
C
In the 1960s，Stanford professor Walter Mischel began conducting a series of psychological studies.During his experiment，Mischel and his team tested hundreds of children around the ages of 4 and 5 and revealed what is now believed to be one of the most important characteristics for success in life.
The experiment began by bringing each child into a private room，sitting them down in a chair，and placing a marshmallow（棉花糖） in front of them.The researcher offered a deal to the child：if the child didn't eat the marshmallow after he left the room，they would be rewarded with another marshmallow.If the child decided to eat the first one，then they wouldn't get another one.The choice was simple：one treat right now or two treats later.
The researcher left the room for 15 minutes.The video of the children waiting alone in the room was rather entertaining.Some kids ate the first marshmallow as soon as the researcher left.Others appeared restless in their chairs as they tried to discipline themselves，but eventually gave in to temptation.Finally，some children did manage to wait the entire time.
Published in 1972，this popular study became known as The Marshmallow Experiment，but the interesting part came years later.
As the children grew up，the researchers conducted follow-up studies and tracked each child's progress in different areas.What they found was surprising.The children who were willing to delay gratification（滿足） and waited to receive the second marshmallow ended up having higher SAT scores，better responses to stress，better social skills，and generally better scores in various other life measures.
The researchers followed each child for more than 40 years and again and again，the group who waited patiently till the end succeeded in whatever capacity they were measuring.In other words，this experiment proved that the ability to decide on the pain of discipline over the ease of distraction delay was critical for success in life.And that's exactly what delayed gratification is all about.
8. What were the kids asked to do in the experiment？ ______
A. Shoot a video for it.
B. Keep patient alone in the room.
C. Control the desire to eat the marshmallow.
D. Wait for the researcher to collect the marshmallow.
9. What does the underlined word"temptation"in paragraph 3 refer to？ ______
A. The reward. B. The researcher.
C. The private room. D. The first marshmallow.
10. What's paragraph 5 mainly about？ ______
A. What affects children's decision-making.
B. How delayed gratification benefits children.
C. What changes will occur in children's growth.
D. How researchers conducted follow-up studies.
11. In which section of a website may this text appear？ ______
A. Science. B. Health. C. Entertainment. D. Nature.
D
Shannon Murphy often walks down paths near her home in Denver，Colorado.One day she noticed something odd.Cheatgrass-a weed growing under streetlights—seemed much bigger and healthier than that growing elsewhere.As an ecologist，Murphy knew cheatgrass is a non-native species that has invaded（入侵） the American West.She thought that effects on this weed of light at night would make a great field study.And it did.She's part of a team that has now shown urban night lights boost the spread of this Western scourge.
Cheatgrass was a great study subject.The plant，which is native to Africa，can absorb soil moisture（水分） and nutrients from even dry soils.That makes it superbly adapted to dry areas，such as the American West.There it can outcompete most native plants.To date，it's already established itself over more than 100 million acres.And because this annual grass tends to turn dry early in the year，it makes a great fuel for Western wildfires.
The team surveyed 53 paths in Denver.All had streetlights on wooden poles.The paths also had poles with no lights.The survey tested to see where cheatgrass was more likely to grow—under streetlights，under unlit poles or in grassy areas between the poles.
In all，the team studied surveyed areas in and around 512 poles.Those with streetlights were more than twice as likely to have cheatgrass growing under them as were unlit poles.In the grassy areas between poles，cheatgrass was even less common.These sites were only about a third as likely to have cheatgrass as areas under streetlights.
"The findings were pretty clear.Still，there are more questions to be explored，"says Murphy.For example，she would like to know why cheatgrass does better under streetlights."We're planning to grow some cheatgrass under streetlights and some not under streetlights."They will also harvest the weed from fields and paths."Then we'll work with a plant expert to figure out why it does so well under streetlights."
12. What can we learn from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Cheatgrass is native to Colorado.
B. Murphy saw the bright side of cheatgrass.
C. Cheatgrass prefers growing under natural light.
D. Murphy already knew cheatgrass before her study.
13. Why are"Western wildfires"mentioned in paragraph 2？ ______
A. To show one harm of cheatgrass.
B. To prove the drought in the west.
C. To present natural risks to cheatgrass.
D. To introduce the factors affecting nature.
14. How was Murphy's study carried out？ ______
A. By making comparisons. B. By interviewing the locals.
C. By analysing previous data. D. By building real-life models.
15. What might Murphy's future study be about？ ______
A. Which problems need a plant expert to solve.
B. What kind of places is resistant to cheatgrass.
C. How to arrange streetlights more scientifically.
D. Why streetlights boost the growth of cheatgrass.

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）
Even if you're in a tough situation，taking advice can be really hard.Sometimes，though，an outside perspective（視角） can help you make decisions.Just try to adjust your mindset in the following ways.
Acknowledge the benefits from good advice.Guidance from others can help you come up with solutions and might offer you a new perspective to think of the problem. （1） ______ When you recognize these advantages，it'll be much easier to take their advice.
（ 2） ______ The tendency to be over-confident can really hold you back.When offered advice，try to listen in a receptive and open-minded way.After all，there might be a solution that could work better than whatever you had in mind.
Recognize the roadblocks that prevent you from accepting advice.If you're struggling to get help or you tend to quickly reject other people's advice，take some time to reflect on why that might be.Dig deep—being honest with yourself about what's getting in the way.（3） ______
Let your defenses down and listen with humility（謙遜）.Sometimes，people who offer advice are really overstepping their boundaries. （4） ______ If someone offers advice in a thoughtful way，it might be worth dropping your guard and giving them a little time.
（ 5） ______ It's important to let people know that you are grateful for their advice，a swell as how it made a difference to you.Not only is this polite，but it also lets the person know that you valued their opinion and that it was helpful.

A.Show appreciation for any advice.
B.However，this isn't always the case.
C.This can really help you let your walls down.
D.Let go of the idea that you already have the answer.
E.They may also point out the problem in your thinking.
F.That way，you can be sure the person understands what you're asking.
G.Make sure you're clear on the heart of the issue before looking for advice.
16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）
Rice，75，grew up close to his father's barbershop（理發(fā)店）.At age 18，Rice（1） ______ with his first haircut and then received his license to cut（2） ______ In 1972，he（3） ______ the West Philadelphia shop，all the while（4） ______ relationships with neighborhood customers for decades.
He（5） ______ that he would retire upon the start of 2023.Friends and family threw him a farewell（告別） celebration.And of course，customers came to receive their（6） ______ cut."I' ve been coming here for 29 years，" said Jacquel Randall from West Philadelphia."I grew up without a father.（7） ______ ，Rice is always here to be a mentor （導(dǎo)師） to me，（8） ______ me on things that I need to know."
Multiple generations of family members have come through Rice's door."I've been coming about 43 years，"said Bobby Hopson from Delaware."Since my son's first haircut was here，I（9） ______ him."
Rice hopes that the type of（10） ______ will continue in Philadelphia for more than just（11） ______ haircuts." Personally，barbershops are a reflection of our community and culture，"he said." This is the place where an upset young man has the（12） ______ to meet a helpful and experienced man.That can help create a（n）（13） ______ situation for growth."
Rice is quite sure that he has had a（14） ______ well -spent."I've done what I could do，"he said."I did it the best way I knew and I'm （15） ______ of that."
21. ?A. parted B. finished C. experimented D. continued
22. ?A. temporarily B. professionally C. carefully D. leisurely
23. ?A. took note of B. dropped in at C. took charge of D. caught sight of
24. ?A. developing B. fixing C. declaring D. evaluating
25. ?A. pretended B. suspected C. denied D. decided
26. ?A. free B. regular C. quick D. final
27. ?A. Sadly B. Honestly C. Luckily D. Strangely
28. ?A. schooling B. congratulating C. consulting D. briefing
29. ?A. admired B. brought C. missed D. believed
30. ?A. kindness B. determination C. relation D. business
31. ?A. providing B. improving C. demonstrating D. training
32. ?A. right B. honor C. option D. chance
33. ?A. harmonious B. delicate C. competitive D. unfamiliar
34. ?A. life B. visit C. career D. vacation
35. ?A. afraid B. proud C. hopeful D. mindful
第II卷（非選擇題）
四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）
36. Dream of the Red Chamber，a masterpiece in Chinese literature，will be staged as an original ballet show by the National Ballet of China（NBC）.
The Chinese classic novel，（1） ______ has a far-reaching influence and world-famous reputation，（2） ______ （present） in the following month in a romantic Western-style way.The combination surely poses（3） ______ challenge for all the creators and dancers.
"I believe that many ballet directors regard the（4） ______ （ adapt） of the classic Dream of the Red Chamber as the ultimate goal of their career.It's also sure to be greatly appealing（5） ______ （see） the use of Western ballet to tell a classic Chinese story，"chief choreographer Tong Ruirui said.
This performance will also be a visual feast（盛宴） with（6） ______ （careful） designed stage dressing and the costumes，which focus（7） ______ a"combination of Eastern and Western aesthetics（美學(xué)）".Behind the ballet is a heavyweight cast team（8） ______ （include） stage designer Liu Xinglin，composer Ye Xiaogang and costume designer Yang Donglin.
"NBC（9） ______ （do）a remarkable thing in adapting this wonderful classic for a ballet.I hope it'll help the story gain（10） ______ （wide） recognition around the world than before，"commented Zhang Qingshan，president of Chinese Society of Dream of the Red Chamber.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）
37. 在世界環(huán)境日來臨之際，你校英文報開展主題為"The Importance of Mother Nature"的征文活動，請你寫一篇短文投稿。
內(nèi)容包括：
（1）列舉大自然的重要性；
（2）給出你的理由。
注意：
（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
（2）請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

38. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
My husband Fred and I were running a little hamburger restaurant in Alpine，a small mountain town east of San Diego.One day，F(xiàn)red was ill so I had to drive to our restaurant alone and open it.
I was already on my way to work when it started to rain heavily.The higher up I drove，the harder the rain came down，making visibility difficult.I drove on，feeling annoyed with myself for having to go up to the restaurant in such bad weather.As I drove，I imagined our crew waiting for me to unlock the door so they could start work.
Halfway up the hill，I found myself suddenly sliding on the wet road.Before I knew it，I was hydroplaning（打滑） and lost all control of the car.One second，I was driving north toward Alpine，and the next terrible second，I was heading south facing oncoming traffic.Then the car，without any control from me，completed its 360-degree spin and thankfully went north again.
But that wasn't the worst thing yet.The next thing I knew was that I was moving sideways heading toward the dangerous edge of the highway.Then I saw a pickup truck on my right.Since my brakes（剎車） were useless，I heard the sound of metal against metal as I struck him.The crash bounced me across the road to a tree on the left，where my car mercifully came to a stop.I sat behind the wheel，feeling dizzy.I managed to raise my head，only to see a police car pull over.The officer walked over and asked if I was hurt.
"No，"I said."I'm just shaken up.And I have to get to work.""You're not going anywhere in this car，"he said.
注意：
（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
（2）請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
The officer took my license and then went over to the truck.
"I'm glad I was there for you to hit，or you would have gone into the ditch（溝），"the truck driver said.
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、C
【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What's?not?Included部分Hotel?pickup?and?drop-off（酒店接送）可知游客自費的是從酒店接游客的車。故選A。
（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stop?2?Amalfi?Coast部分 After?some?free?time?for?a?few?last?pictures?of?the?ancient?city?and?lunch?in?Pompeii，the?tour?will?continue?further?south?along?the?picturesque?seaside?roads?of?the?Amalfi?Coast.（在一些空閑時間欣賞古城的最后幾張照片和龐貝的午餐后，旅程將沿著阿馬爾菲海岸風(fēng)景如畫的海濱道路繼續(xù)向南。）可知游客在龐貝吃午飯。故選B。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Cancellation?Policy部分Any?changes?made?less?than?24?hours?before?the?experience's?start?time?will?not?be?accepted.（在體驗開始前24小時內(nèi)做出的任何更改都將不被接受。）可知開始前24小時內(nèi)做出的任何更改都將不被接受，所以"C.A?visitor?cancels?the?trip?ten?hours?ahead.來訪者提前十小時取消行程。"會導(dǎo)致退款失敗。故選C。
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了去龐貝和阿馬爾菲海岸旅游的相關(guān)信息。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】B、C、D、C
【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Until?recently，she?had?no?idea?that?the?poem?she?wrote?over?60?years?ago--to?the?memory?of?her?dog—had?brought?comfort?to?so?many?others.（直到最近，她還不知道自己60多年前寫的那首詩——為了紀念她的狗——給這么多人帶來了安慰。）可知Clyne-Rekhy寫出Rainbow?Bridge這首詩的目的是紀念她的狗。故選B。
（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Clyne-Rekhy's?authorship?likely?would?have?been?lost?to?history，were?it?not?for?the?efforts?of?Paul?Koudounaris，an?author?and?cat?owner?in?Arizona.Koudounaris?frequently?encountered?references?to?Rainbow?Bridge?while?he?was?working?on?a?book?about?pets.（如果不是亞利桑那州的作家兼貓主人Paul Koudounaris的努力，Clyne Rekhy的作者身份很可能會被歷史所遺忘。Koudounalis在寫一本關(guān)于寵物的書時，經(jīng)常會提到彩虹橋。）可知，是Paul Koudounaris首次向公眾推薦《彩虹橋》。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段When?Koudounaris?finally?reached?Clyne-Rekhy?in?January?and?asked?if?she?was?the?author?of?Rainbow?Bridge，her?first?response，she?says，was"How?on?earth?did?you?find?me!？"（今年1月，當Koudounaris終于聯(lián)系到Clyne Rekhy，問她是否是《彩虹橋》的作者時，她說，她的第一個回答是"你到底是怎么找到我的??？"）可知，當Clyne Rekhy被Koudounaris發(fā)現(xiàn)時，她的問話說明她很驚訝。故選D。
（4）標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段For?all?the?millions?of?lives?Rainbow?Bridge?has?touched，though，the?author?of?the?poem?has?remained?unknown—until?now.She?is?Edna?Clyne-Rekhy，an?82-year-old?Scottish?artist?and?animal?lover.Until?recently，she?had?no?idea?that?the?poem?she?wrote?over?60?years?ago--to?the?memory?of?her?dog—had?brought?comfort?to?so?many?others（盡管《彩虹橋》感動了數(shù)百萬人的生命，但這首詩的作者直到現(xiàn)在都不為人知。她是82歲的蘇格蘭藝術(shù)家和動物愛好者Edna Clyne Rekhy。直到最近，她還不知道自己60多年前寫的這首詩——為了紀念她的狗——給這么多人帶來了安慰）可知，本文主要是介紹了如何找到感動數(shù)百萬寵物主人的一首詩的作者的經(jīng)過，選項C.A?Poem?Comforts?Millions?of?Pet?Owners—Who?Wrote?It（一首詩安慰了數(shù)百萬寵物主人--誰寫的呢），符合本文標題。故選C。
本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要是介紹了如何找到感動數(shù)百萬寵物主人的一首詩《彩虹橋》的作者的經(jīng)過。
做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段The?experiment?began?by?bringing?each?child?into?a?private?room，sitting?them?down?in?a?chair，and?placing?a?marshmallow（棉花糖）?in?front?of?them.The?researcher?offered?a?deal?to?the?child：if?the?child?didn't?eat?the?marshmallow?after?he?left?the?room，they?would?be?rewarded?with?another?marshmallow.If?the?child?decided?to?eat?the?first?one，then?they?wouldn't?get?another?one.The?choice?was?simple：one?treat?right?now?or?two?treats?later.（實驗開始時，把每個孩子帶到一個單獨的房間，讓他們坐在椅子上，在他們面前放一塊棉花糖。研究人員向孩子提出了一項協(xié)議：如果孩子離開房間后沒有吃棉花糖，他們就會得到另一個棉花糖作為獎勵。如果孩子決定吃第一個，那么他們就不會得到另一個。選擇很簡單：現(xiàn)在吃一份或以后吃兩份。）可知在實驗中，孩子們被要求控制吃棉花糖的欲望。故選C。
（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子Others?appeared?restless?in?their?chairs?as?they?tried?to?discipline?themselves，but?eventually?gave?in?to? temptation.Finally，some?children?did?manage?to?wait?the?entire?time.（其他人在椅子上顯得焦躁不安，他們試圖約束自己，但最終還是屈服于誘惑。最后，一些孩子成功地等待了整個時間。）可知劃線詞指的是"第一個棉花糖"。A.The?reward.獎勵；B.The?researcher.研究人員；C.The?private?room.私人房間；D.The?first?marshmallow.第一個棉花糖。故選D。
（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段As?the?children?grew?up，the?researchers?conducted?follow-up?studies?and?tracked?each?child's?progress?in?different?areas.What?they?found?was?surprising.The?children?who?were?willing?to?delay?gratification（滿足）?and?waited?to?receive?the?second?marshmallow?ended?up?having?higher?SAT?scores，better?responses?to?stress，better?social?skills，and?generally?better?scores?in?various?other?life?measures.（隨著孩子們長大，研究人員進行了后續(xù)研究，并跟蹤每個孩子在不同領(lǐng)域的進步。他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)令人驚訝。那些愿意延遲滿足并等待得到第二塊棉花糖的孩子最終獲得了更高的SAT分數(shù)，更好的壓力反應(yīng)，更好的社交技能，以及其他各種生活測試的分數(shù)。）可知第5段的主要內(nèi)容是延遲滿足感對兒童的益處。故選B。
（4）文章出處題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第一段In?the?1960s，Stanford?professor?Walter?Mischel?began?conducting?a?series?of?psychological?studies.During?his?experiment，Mischel?and?his?team?tested?hundreds?of?children?around?the?ages?of?4?and?5?and?revealed?what?is?now?believed?to?be?one?of?the?most?important?characteristics?for?success?in?life.（20世紀60年代，斯坦福大學(xué)教授Walter Mischel開始進行一系列心理學(xué)研究。在他的實驗中，Mischel和他的團隊測試了數(shù)百名4歲和5歲左右的兒童，揭示了現(xiàn)在被認為是人生成功最重要的特征之一。）可知本文主要講述了延遲滿足感對兒童的益處。所以會出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站的科學(xué)版塊。故選A。
本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項實驗。這個實驗揭示了延遲滿足感對兒童的益處。
做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】D、C、A、D
【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段As?an?ecologist，Murphy?knew?cheatgrass?is?a?non-native?species?that?has?invaded（入侵）?the?American?West.（作為一名生態(tài)學(xué)家，Murphy知道cheatgrass是一種入侵的非本土物種。）可知，Murphy在做研究之前就已經(jīng)認識了這種草。故選D。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段And?because?this?annual?grass?tends?to?turn?dry?early?in?the?year，it?makes?a?great?fuel?for?Western?wildfires.（由于這種一年生草本植物往往在年初變干，因此它是西部野火的主要燃料。）可知，提到在西部地區(qū)，這種草可以擊敗大多數(shù)本土植物。已經(jīng)擁有超過1億英畝的土地?？梢酝茢噙@種草是發(fā)生自然野火的隱患。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Those?with?streetlights?were?more?than?twice?as?likely?to?have?cheatgrass?growing?under?them?as?were?unlit?poles.In?the?grassy?areas?between?poles，cheatgrass?was?even?less?common.These?sites?were?only?about?a?third?as?likely?to?have?cheatgrass?as?areas?under?streetlights.（那些有路燈的地方，其下長著作弊草的可能性是沒有照明的電線桿的兩倍多。在電線桿之間的草地上，作弊草就更不常見了。這些地方長作弊草的可能只有路燈下的三分之一左右。）可知，是通過對比燈光下和不在燈光下的這種草的生長情況來進行研究的。A.By?making?comparisons通過比較；B.By?interviewing?the?locals通過采訪當?shù)厝?；C.By?analysing?previous?data通過分析以前的數(shù)據(jù)；D.By?building?real-life?models通過建立真實的模型。故選A。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Then?we'll?work?with?a?plant?expert?to?figure?out?why?it?does?so?well?under?streetlights（然后，我們將與一位植物專家合作，找出為什么它在街燈下表現(xiàn)如此出色。）可知，Murphy未來的研究方向應(yīng)該是為什么路燈能促進作這種草的生長。故選D。
本文是一篇記敘文。主要寫了生態(tài)學(xué)家Murphy發(fā)現(xiàn)侵入物種cheatgrass，以及對于這種草的研究。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

16~20.【答案】E、D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Acknowledge?the?benefits?from?good?advice.Guidance?from?others?can?help?you?come?up?with?solutions?and?might?offer?you?a?new?perspective?to?think?of?the?problem（認可好建議的好處。他人的指導(dǎo)可以幫助你想出解決方案，并可能為你思考問題提供新的視角），可知表示"他們也可能指出你思維中的問題"的選項E承接前文認可好建議的好處的語境，They?may?also?point?out和the?benefits?from?good?advice是關(guān)鍵詞，故選E。
（2）主題判斷題。根據(jù)后句The?tendency?to?be?over-confident?can?really?hold?you?back.When?offered?advice，try?to?listen?in?a?receptive?and?open-minded?way.After?all，there?might?be?a?solution?that?could?work?better?than?whatever?you?had?in?mind（過于自信的傾向真的會阻礙你。當你得到建議時，試著以一種接受和開放的方式傾聽。畢竟，可能有一個解決方案比你想的更好），可知表示"放棄你已經(jīng)有答案的想法"的選項D可以作為本段的主題，the?idea?that?you?already?have?the?answer和a?solution?that?could?work?better?than?whatever?you?had?in?mind是關(guān)鍵詞，故選D。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Dig?deep—being?honest?with?yourself?about?what's?getting?in?the?way（深入挖掘，誠實面對自己的障礙），可知表示"這真的可以幫助你放松自己"的選項C承接前文介紹誠實面對自己的障礙的語境，This代指being?honest?with?yourself?about?what's?getting?in?the?way，故選C。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Sometimes，people?who?offer?advice?are?really?overstepping?their?boundaries（有時候，提供建議的人真的越界了）；以及后句If?someone?offers?advice?in?a?thoughtful?way，it?might?be?worth?dropping?your?guard?and?giving?them?a?little?time（如果有人以深思熟慮的方式提供建議，也許值得你放松警惕，給他們一點時間），可知表示"然而，情況并非總是如此"的選項B可以起到承上啟下的作用，故選B。
（5）主題判斷題。根據(jù)后句It's?important?to?let?people?know?that?you?are?grateful?for?their?advice，a?swell?as?how?it?made?a?difference?to?you.Not?only?is?this?polite，but?it?also?lets?the?person?know?that?you?valued?their?opinion?and?that?it?was?helpful（讓人們知道你很感激他們的建議，這一點很重要，因為這對你來說很重要。這不僅是禮貌的，而且也讓人們知道，你重視他們的意見，這很有幫助），可知表示"對任何建議表示感謝"的選項A可以作為本段的主題，grateful?for?their?advice和appreciation?for?any?advice是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A。
這是一篇說明文。作者介紹了調(diào)整心態(tài)接受他人建議的方法。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】B、B、C、A、D、D、C、A、D、C、A、B、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.parted分開；B.finished完成；C.experimented做實驗；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)常識和上句Rice，75，grew?up?close?to?his?father's?barbershop（75歲的賴斯在他父親的理發(fā)店附近長大）可知18歲時，賴斯完成了他的第一次理發(fā)，然后獲得了職業(yè)理發(fā)許可證。故答案為B。
（2）考查副詞及語境理解。A.temporarily暫時地；B.professionally專業(yè)地；C.carefully小心地；D.leisurely休閑地。根據(jù)空前received?his?license可知18歲時，賴斯完成了他的第一次理發(fā)，然后獲得了職業(yè)理發(fā)許可證。故答案為B。
（3）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.took note of注意到；B.dropped in at順便看看；C.took charge of負責(zé)，接管；D.caught sight of瞥見。根據(jù)下句all?the?while（4）relationships?with?neighborhood?customers?for?decades.可知幾十年來一直與附近的顧客發(fā)展關(guān)系。說明1972年，他接管了西費城商店，故答案為C。
（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.developing發(fā)展；B.fixing安裝；C.declaring宣布；D.evaluating評估。根據(jù)后文"I'?ve?been?coming?here?for?29?years，"?said?Jacquel?Randall?from?West?Philadelphia（"我來這里已經(jīng)29年了，"來自西費城的杰奎爾?蘭德爾說）可知1972年，他接管了西費城商店，幾十年來一直與附近的顧客發(fā)展關(guān)系。故答案為A。
（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.pretended假裝；B.suspected懷疑；C.denied否認；D.decided決定。根據(jù)下句he?would?retire?upon?the?start?of?2023可知他決定在2023年初退休。故答案為D。
（6）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.free自由的；B.regular有規(guī)律的；C.quick快速的；D.final最后的。根據(jù)上句he?would?retire?upon?the?start?of?2023可知他決定在2023年初退休。說明顧客們來接受他最后一次理發(fā)。故答案為D。
（7）考查副詞及語境理解。A.Sadly傷心地；B.Honestly誠實地；C.Luckily幸運地；D.Strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)下句Rice?is?always?here?to?be?a?mentor?（導(dǎo)師）?to?me，（8）me?on?things?that?I?need?to?know可知賴斯總是在這里做我的導(dǎo)師，教我一些我需要知道的事情。說明這非常幸運。故答案為C。
（8）考查動詞及語境理解。A.schooling使受教育；B.congratulating祝賀；C.consulting咨詢；D.briefing向…作全面指示。根據(jù)上句Rice?is?always?here?to?be?a?mentor?（導(dǎo)師）?to?me可知賴斯總是在這里做我的導(dǎo)師，說明教我一些我需要知道的事情。故答案為A。
（9）考查動詞及語境理解。A.admired崇拜；B.brought帶來；C.missed錯過；D.believed相信。根據(jù)上句"I've?been?coming?about?43?years，"said?Bobby?Hopson?from?Delaware可知"我已經(jīng)來了大約43年了，"來自特拉華州的鮑比?霍普森說。說明非常信任他。故答案為D。
（10）考查名詞及語境理解。A.kindness善良；B.determination決心；C.relation關(guān)系；D.business商業(yè)。根據(jù)下句Personally，barbershops?are?a?reflection?of?our?community?and?culture，"he?said.可知"就個人而言，理發(fā)店反映了我們的社區(qū)和文化，"他說。說明賴斯希望這種關(guān)系能在費城延續(xù)下去，不僅僅是提供理發(fā)服務(wù)。故答案為C。
（11）考查動詞及語境理解。A.providing提供；B.improving提升；C.demonstrating證明；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)前文At?age?18，Rice（1）with?his?first?haircut?and?then?received?his?license?to?cut（2）可知18歲時，賴斯完成了他的第一次理發(fā)，然后獲得了職業(yè)理發(fā)許可證。說明賴斯提供理發(fā)服務(wù)。故答案為A。
（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A.right權(quán)力；B.honor榮譽；C.option選擇；D.chance機會。根據(jù)常識和空后meet?a?helpful?and?experienced?man可知這是一個沮喪的年輕人有幸遇到一個樂于助人的有經(jīng)驗的人的地方。故答案為B。
（13）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.harmonious和諧的；B.delicate精致的；C.competitive競爭的；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。根據(jù)前文Rice?is?always?here?to?be?a?mentor?（導(dǎo)師）?to?me，（8）me?on?things?that?I?need?to?know（賴斯總是在這里做我的導(dǎo)師，教我一些我需要知道的事情。）可知這有助于創(chuàng)造一個和諧的成長環(huán)境。故答案為A。
（14）考查名詞及語境理解。A.life生活；B.visit參觀；C.career事業(yè)；D.vacation假期。根據(jù)下句"I've?done?what?I?could?do，"he?said可知"我已經(jīng)做了我能做的，"他說。說明賴斯確信他的職業(yè)生涯是值得的。故答案為C。
（15）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.afraid害怕的；B.proud自豪的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.mindful意識到的。根據(jù)上句"I've?done?what?I?could?do，"he?said可知"我已經(jīng)做了我能做的，"他說。說明他非常自豪。故答案為B。
本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了75歲的賴斯決定在2023年初退休。賴斯確信他的職業(yè)生涯是值得的。
完形填空題的解題步驟：
1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。
2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問題。對少數(shù)難題，暫時跳過，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。
3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補全的空格，對全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問題。
4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。

36.【答案】【小題1】which
【小題2】will present
【小題3】a
【小題4】adaptation
【小題5】to see
【小題6】carefully
【小題7】on
【小題8】including
【小題9】has done
【小題10】wider
【解析】（1）考查非限制性定語從句。句意：這部影響深遠、享譽世界的中國經(jīng)典小說將在下個月以浪漫的西方風(fēng)格呈現(xiàn)。先行詞為The?Chinese?classic?novel，在非限制性定語從句中作主語，故填which。
（2）考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這部影響深遠、享譽世界的中國經(jīng)典小說將在下個月以浪漫的西方風(fēng)格呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)時間狀語in?the?following?month，可知描述將來的事情，所以用一般將來時態(tài)，故填will present。
（3）考查冠詞。句意：這一組合無疑給所有創(chuàng)作者和舞者帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。泛指一個，所以用不定冠詞，challenge是以輔音音素開頭的，故填a。
（4）考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：我相信許多芭蕾舞導(dǎo)演都把改編經(jīng)典的《紅樓夢》作為他們職業(yè)生涯的終極目標。作賓語，所以用名詞，表示抽象概念"改編"，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填adaptation。
（5）考查動詞不定式。句意：看到用西方芭蕾舞講述一個經(jīng)典的中國故事，肯定也會很有吸引力。it作形式主語，后面用動詞不定式作真正賓語，故填to see。
（6）考查副詞。句意：這場演出也將是一場視覺盛宴，精心設(shè)計的舞臺服裝和服裝，注重"東西方美學(xué)的結(jié)合"。修飾動詞design，所以用副詞，故填carefully。
（7）考查介詞。句意：這場演出也將是一場視覺盛宴，精心設(shè)計的舞臺服裝和服裝，注重"東西方美學(xué)的結(jié)合"。focus on"專注于"，為固定搭配，故填on。
（8）考查介詞。句意：舞臺劇的幕后是一個重量級的演員團隊，包括舞臺設(shè)計師劉杏林、作曲家葉小剛和服裝設(shè)計師楊冬林。本句的謂語為系動詞is，后跟名詞，所以用介詞including，故填including。
（9）考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：美國全國廣播公司在將這部精彩的經(jīng)典改編成芭蕾舞劇方面做了一件了不起的事情。指對現(xiàn)在的影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主語為遵從NBC，所以謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填has done。
（10）考查形容詞比較級。句意：我希望它能幫助這個故事在世界各地獲得比以前更廣泛的認可。后面有than，所以用形容詞比較級作定語，故填wider。
這是一篇新聞報道。中國文學(xué)巨作《紅樓夢》將以原創(chuàng)芭蕾舞劇的形式上演。
做本題的關(guān)鍵是在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，靈活運用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識。本類型的題目?？嫉降闹R點有：固定的短語，詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，副詞以及祈使句的用法等。因此，這就需要在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中，牢固掌握各語言點及一些語法知識。

37.【答案】The?Importance?of?Mother NatureMother Nature brings us many benefits.For example，the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the earth.Many of these irreplaceable species can be used for food and medicine.（列舉大自然的重要性）
However，if we don't treat the environment we depend on for survival well，we will also get the revenge of nature.【高分句型一】Earthquakes，tsunamis，typhoons，hurricanes and so on are very destructive natural disasters，which make people homeless or even die every year.【高分句型二】（給出你的理由）
It is our responsibility to develop a sense of safety and environmental protection and to leave a better，cleaner and healthier planet to our future generations and build a community of shared future for mankind.（呼吁）
【解析】高分句型一：However，if we don't treat the environment we depend on for survival well，we will also get the revenge of nature.
譯文：然而，如果我們不好好對待我們賴以生存的環(huán)境，我們也會遭到大自然的報復(fù)。
分析：這句話使用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，we depend on for survival well是定語從句修飾the environment。
高分句型二：Earthquakes，tsunamis，typhoons，hurricanes and so on are very destructive natural disasters，which make people homeless or even die every year.
譯文：地震、海嘯、臺風(fēng)、颶風(fēng)等都是極具破壞性的自然災(zāi)害，每年都會使人們無家可歸，甚至死亡。
分析：這句話使用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。
這是一篇提綱類作文，需要寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出，但是寫作時不要僅僅對要點進行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內(nèi)容，使文章看起來更充實，要組成一篇通順連貫的短文，一定要談?wù)勛约旱目捶?。需要注意緊扣文章主題，給出的要點都需要包括，缺一不可。寫作時注意準確運用時態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，不能出現(xiàn)文章脫節(jié)問題。盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次。同時注意要求的字數(shù)，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】The?officer?took?my?license?and?then?went?over?to?the?truck.After a few minutes，he came back with a clipboard and started taking notes on the accident.I could see that the truck driver was unhurt，but his truck had a few dents and scratches on the side. 【高分句型一】As I sat there in shock，I realized that I was lucky to be alive.If the truck had not been there to stop my car from going over the edge，I might not have survived the accident.Tears welled up in my eyes as I thought about how grateful I was for my life.【高分句型二】（作者意識到卡車司機救了她的命）
"I'm?glad?I?was?there?for?you?to?hit，or?you?would?have?gone?into?the?ditch（溝），"the?truck?driver?said. "I hope you're not too shaken up."I thanked him for his help and apologized for the damage to his truck.He shrugged it off and said that the important thing was that no one was seriously hurt.As we waited for the tow truck to arrive，I realized that I had learned a valuable lesson that day：to always be grateful for the people and things in your life，because you never know when they might save you from disaster.（作者感謝卡車司機，并為對他的卡車造成傷害道歉）
【解析】本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和丈夫經(jīng)營一家漢堡店，一個下雨天，作者丈夫生病，作者只好自己開車去店里，結(jié)果路上作者出了交通事故，這時一位警官出現(xiàn)。
高分句型一：I could see that the truck driver was unhurt，but his truck had a few dents and scratches on the side.
譯文：我可以看到卡車司機沒有受傷，但他的卡車側(cè)面有一些凹痕和劃痕。
分析：這句話使用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
高分句型二：Tears welled up in my eyes as I thought about how grateful I was for my life.
譯文：當我想到自己是多么感激自己的生命時，淚水奪眶而出。
分析：這句話使用了as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
解題方法點撥
（1）品讀原文。確定文章線索
????? 每篇文章都有各自獨特的寫作思路，通過精讀文章，找到該篇文章的寫作線索。如是以時間為線索還是以空間為線索等這樣有利于考生"順藤摸瓜（結(jié)尾）"。
????? （2）仔細審題，明確續(xù)寫要求
????? 一般短文后面的"注意"都有對此類短文續(xù)寫的具體要求，如詞數(shù)限制使用幾處標有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語。續(xù)寫段落的首句提示，這樣考生可以做到"心中有數(shù)"。
????? （3）回扣原文，揣摩續(xù)寫思路
????? 根據(jù)文章后面的要求，再次快速閱讀短文，抓住文章的思路結(jié)合段首的提示語最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路。同時結(jié)合文章畫線詞語提示，確定續(xù)寫段落的內(nèi)容。
????? （4）擬寫草稿，修改錯詞病句
????? 在確定了思路和內(nèi)容之后。最關(guān)鍵的就是結(jié)合提示語或者文中畫線的關(guān)鍵詞擬寫草稿。擬寫時，注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性，語言的豐富性，并通過句與句之間連接詞的正確使用，使上下文連貫。

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