Unit 1 People of Achievement單元知識(shí)梳理【過(guò)知識(shí)】-2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)單元復(fù)習(xí)（人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè)）

這是一份Unit 1 People of Achievement單元知識(shí)梳理【過(guò)知識(shí)】-2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)單元復(fù)習(xí)（人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè)），文件包含Unit1PeopleofAchievement單元知識(shí)梳理過(guò)知識(shí)學(xué)生版-2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)單元復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)過(guò)過(guò)人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè)docx、Unit1PeopleofAchievement單元知識(shí)梳理過(guò)知識(shí)教師版-2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)單元復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)過(guò)過(guò)人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè)docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共22頁(yè)， 歡迎下載使用。
單元知識(shí)梳理
一、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)鞏固
cnclusin n. 結(jié)論；推論；結(jié)束
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
①(浙江卷)When the grup discussin is nearing its end, make sure t cnclude it with imprtant pints.
②In cnclusin, I like everything in spring, especially the feelings bathed in the rain and sunshine.
③(上海卷)We will have a further discussin befre we draw a final cnclusin.
（2）練能力：一句多譯
我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：有志者，事竟成。
④I drew/reached/came t a cnclusin frm my wn experiences that where there is a will, there is a way. (cnclusin)
⑤I cncluded frm my wn experiences that where there is a will, there is a way. (cnclude)
circumstance n. 條件；環(huán)境；狀況
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
①In/Under the circumstances, it seemed better nt t tell him abut the accident.
②Whether r nt yu qualify fr a lan will depend n yur financial circumstances (circumstance)．
（2）練能力：補(bǔ)全句子
③Under n circumstances shuld yu give up yur dreams (你決不能放棄你的夢(mèng)想) even if everybdy ges far away frm yu.
④Under/In n circumstances will I (我絕對(duì)不會(huì)) subscribe t yur unreasnable request.
cnsequence n. 結(jié)果；后果
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
①(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter the cnsequences (cnsequence)．
②As a cnsequence, children becme s reliant n their parents that they have n independent thught r creative ideas.
③Drunk driving has been banned. Cnsequently(cnsequent), the traffic accidents are decreasing.
（2）練能力：詞匯升級(jí)
(普通表達(dá))(天津卷)As a result, I was chsen as a vlunteer fr the 13th Natinal Games.
④(高級(jí)表達(dá)) As a cnsequence,I was chsen as a vlunteer fr the 13th Natinal Games.
acknwledge vt. 承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；確認(rèn)；(公開(kāi))感謝；告知收悉
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
① (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Her years f hard wrk have finally been acknwledged (acknwledge) after a custmer nminated (提名) her t be Cheshire's Wman Of The Year.
②Generally acknwledged(acknwledge) as the finest pet in the cuntry, he still lives a lw-prfile life.
③Prfessr Hawking is acknwledged as ne f the wrld's greatest physicists.
④He acknwledged being defeated (defeat) publicly by his friend in the game, which made us surprised.
（2）練能力：詞匯升級(jí)/句式升級(jí)
(普通表達(dá)) Peple widely think that the shrtest distance between persns is a sincere smile.
⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá)) It is widely acknwledged that the shrtest distance between persns is a sincere smile. (it作形式主語(yǔ))
insist vi. & vt. 堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
①He insisted n finding (find) a taxi fr me even thugh I tld him I lived nearby.
②Althugh Tm insisted that he had handed (hand) in his hmewrk yesterday, Mr Wang still insisted he shuld d (d) it again.
（2）練能力：完成句子
如果這個(gè)年輕人堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想并且盡自己最大的努力的話，他就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。
③The yung man will achieve his dreams if he insists n them and tries his best.
take up a psitin 擔(dān)任；任職
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：寫(xiě)出下列句子中take up的含義
①We tried t find a table fr seven，but they were all taken up. 占用
②Peter will take up his pst as the head f the travel agency at the end f next mnth. 開(kāi)始做；從事
③The teacher tk up the lessn where he left ff last week. 繼續(xù)
④Are yu ging t take up the challenge f lasting a whle week withut arguing? 接受
（2）練能力：完成句子
⑤我們只有對(duì)廣告采取正確的態(tài)度才能避免受騙。
It is nly by taking a crrect attitude twards advertising that we can avid being taken in.
⑥(江蘇卷)由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學(xué)生創(chuàng)辦的公司都很成功。
Many businesses started up by cllege students have taken ff thanks t the cmfrtable climate fr business creatin.
狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
(教材原文)While wrking there, ut f a strng passin fr knwledge, he cntinued t study, earning a dctrate in physics in 1905. 在那里工作期間，出于對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈熱愛(ài)，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，并于1905年獲得了物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。
(1)狀語(yǔ)從句省略的條件：狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或是代詞it且狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞。
(2)if構(gòu)成的其他固定省略形式：
if any如果有的話
if necessary如果有必要的話
if s如果是這樣的話
if ever如果曾經(jīng)有的話
if nt如果不這樣的話
（1）練基礎(chǔ)：?jiǎn)尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空
①(新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding (d) smething she lves: nursing.
②(北京卷)When nt allwed (allw) t sleep, lab rats die within a mnth.
③(江蘇卷)It sunds like smething is wrng with the car's engine.If s,we'd better take it t the garage immediately.
（2）練能力：句式升級(jí)
(普通表達(dá))I feel especially pleased while I am walking in the spring rain.
④(高級(jí)表達(dá))I feel especially pleased while walking in the spring rain. (省略句)
二、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)再現(xiàn)
核心單詞
[默寫(xiě)識(shí)記](méi)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)釋義寫(xiě)出單詞
1. defeat n. 失??；挫敗 vt. 擊??；戰(zhàn)勝
2. cnclusin n. 結(jié)論；推論
3. circumstance n. 條件；環(huán)境；狀況
4. cnsequence n. 結(jié)果；后果
5. acknwledge vt. 承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開(kāi))感謝
6. insist vi. & vt. 堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求
7. btain vt. (尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得 vi. (規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行
8. encunter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到 n. 邂逅；遭遇
9. mstly adv. 主要地；一般地
10. fund vt. 創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在
11. vital adj. 必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的
12. academic adj. 學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的
[語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficulty defeating (defeat) the enemy.
2. (2020·天津卷)This led Jnes t the cnclusin (cnclude) that there are t many extremely lnely peple in his cmmunity, wh are easy targets f cheating.
3. We can't take measures until we've knwn all the circumstances (circumstance).
4. With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge stealing (steal) the lady's purse.
5. The man didn't knw hw t vercme failure, and he was stpped by it when he encuntered (encunter) ne.
6. If yu want t apply fr the jb, yu will need t btain (btain) permissin frm the manager.
拓展單詞
[詞匯變形]根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)釋義寫(xiě)出單詞及其變化形式
1. cmmitted adj. 盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的→cmmit vt. 承諾；保證 vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→cmmitment n. 承諾；忠誠(chéng)；奉獻(xiàn)；承諾的事；投入
2. evaluate vt. 評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→evaluatin n. 評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)
3. distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctin n. 差別；區(qū)別；卓越→distinctive adj. 獨(dú)特的，特別的；與眾不同的
4. analyse vt. 分析→analysis n. (pl. analyses)分析
5. apparently adv. 顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然→apparent adj. 顯而易見(jiàn)的；顯然的；表面上的
6. scientific adj. 科學(xué)(上)的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的→science n. 科學(xué)；技術(shù)→scientist n. 科學(xué)家
7. remarkable adj. 非凡的；顯著的→remark n. 談?wù)?；言論；評(píng)述 vt. & vi. 談?wù)摚辉u(píng)論；說(shuō)起→remarkably adv. 不尋常地；驚人地
[語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. I want t be a scientist t discver a scientific breakthrugh t save peple's lives in medical science. (science)
2. The scientist remarked that he had fund a remarkable way t slve the prblem, but thers made n remarks abut it. (remark)
3. If yu want t evaluate yur intelligence, just cmplete the evaluatin frm belw. (evaluate)
4. With my classmates' help, I analysed the data f this experiment and the teacher thught my analysis was reasnable. (analyse)
5. Apparently,she tk n ntice f the apparent mistakes in the accident. (apparent)
閱讀單詞
1. physilgy n. 生理學(xué)；生理機(jī)能
2. crucial adj. 至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的
3. academy n. (藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；?？圃盒?br>4. bjective n. 目標(biāo)；目的 adj. 客觀的
5. btanical adj. 植物學(xué)的
6. prperty n. 性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)
7. extract n. 提取物；摘錄 vt. 提??；提煉；摘錄；(用力)拔出
8. bil vt. & vi. (使)沸騰；煮開(kāi)；燒開(kāi) n. 沸騰；沸點(diǎn)
9. liquid n. 液體 adj. 液體的；液態(tài)的
10. substance n. 物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)
11. flee vi. & vt. 迅速離開(kāi)；逃跑
12. nvelist n. 小說(shuō)家
13. nvel n. (長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō)
14. flw n. 流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng) vi. 流；流動(dòng)
15. chart n. 圖表 vt. 記錄；制訂計(jì)劃
16. infer vt. 推斷；推定
17. plitician n. 從政者；政治家；政客
18. thery n. 理論；學(xué)說(shuō)
19. relativity n. 相對(duì)論；相對(duì)性
20. genius n. 天才；天資；天賦
21. gentle adj. 溫柔的；文靜的
22. patent n. 專利；專利證書(shū)；獲得專利 adj. 有專利的；受專利保護(hù)的
23. extrardinary adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
24. institutin n. 社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗
25. institute n. (教育、專業(yè)等)機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑
26. prfessr n. 教授
27. device n. 方法；技巧；裝置；儀器
28. sum vi. 總結(jié)；概括 n. 金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和
29. draft n. 草稿；草案 vt. 起草；草擬
30. passin n. 酷愛(ài)；激情
熟詞生義
1. When he walked int the meeting rm fr his first visit, he acknwledged the grup, remved his jacket and neatly flded it acrss the back f the chair. 跟……打招呼
2. Prtuguese explrers had charted the west cast f Africa as far as Sierra Lene.繪制地圖
高頻短語(yǔ)
1. by chance 偶然地
2. insist n 堅(jiān)決要求
3. cme t pwer (開(kāi)始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)
4. accrding t 根據(jù)
5. sum up 總結(jié)；概括
6. cmmit neself t (sth./ding sth./d sth.) 承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)
7. take up a psitin 擔(dān)任；任職
8. mre than 超過(guò)；非常；不只是；不僅是
9. pay attentin t 注意
10. put frward 提出(意見(jiàn)、建議)
[語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用1]填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~
1. The beauty f the muntainus cuntry is mre than I can describe.
2. I'm surprised t hear that the man I met yesterday will take up a psitin in the ffice next week.
3. In ding ur wrk, we must pay attentin t ways and means.
[語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2]填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~
Accrding 1. t the recent reprt, the pr cuntry started t cme t life after the new president came 2. t pwer. He summed 3. up the experience f the frmer gvernment and insisted 4. n develping the ecnmy n a large scale.
句式結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 同位語(yǔ)
教材原句: Tu Yuyu, a cmmitted and patient scientist, was brn in Ningb, China, n 30 December 1930, and graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955.
李華，一名16歲的學(xué)生，正在申請(qǐng)一份志愿者的工作。
仿寫(xiě)應(yīng)用:
Li Hua, a sixteen-year-ld student,is applying fr a jb t wrk as a vlunteer.
2. Upn/On ding ...
教材原句: Upn hearing that she had been awarded the Nbel Prize, she said, “The hnur is nt just mine ...”
這對(duì)夫婦一到賓館就將獲贈(zèng)一瓶葡萄酒。
仿寫(xiě)應(yīng)用:
The cuple will be presented with a bttle f wine n/upn arriving/their arrival at the htel.
3. it ＋be＋adj.＋t d sth.
教材原句: The tw flwers are quite distinct frm ne anther, s it is easy t make a distinctin between them.
由于對(duì)北極熊活動(dòng)范圍的研究甚少，很難計(jì)算出全球北極熊的數(shù)量。
仿寫(xiě)應(yīng)用:
It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been prly studied.
4. 狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
教材原句: While wrking there, ut f a strng passin fr knwledge, he cntinued t study, earning a dctrate in physics in 1905.
仿寫(xiě)應(yīng)用:
他已養(yǎng)成閱讀時(shí)記筆記的習(xí)慣。
He has develped the habit f making ntes while reading.
三、單元語(yǔ)法夯實(shí)
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
★as和which在指代前面整個(gè)句子作先行詞，其區(qū)別是：
as位于開(kāi)頭和中間都可，“正如，像”，屬于識(shí)記內(nèi)容，記住固定搭配就好了；which只能位于主句后，即中間，譯為“這，這一點(diǎn)，那”。
as固定搭配用法
as is ften the case 這是常有的事 as was expected 不出所料
As ften happens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣 as is knwn t all眾所周知
As has been said befre如前所述 as is mentined abve 正如上面提到的
【經(jīng)典考題回放】
(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species that live within the Giant Panda and significantly imprve the health f ecsystem in the era.
(2021年?廣東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二期中) Air pllutin has caused millins f deaths every year, which has becme a great cncern．
(2021·新疆烏魯木齊市·烏市八中高二期末) As is ften the case, whever hangs n in any adversity will succeed sme day.
(2021年?廣東高二期末) The United Natins shws great cncern t the catastrphe, at whse request internatinal aid agencies are rushing t the stricken district.
(2021年?上海交大附中) Since the late 1970s, when daily smking amng high schl senirs reached 30﹪, smking rates amng yuth have declined.
(2021年?山東省淄博一中) We started frm Vancuver, wherewe picked up ur vehicle fr the trip, a hme n wheels.
(2020年寧夏中衛(wèi)一模)Abut 3,000 lucky visitrs received free tickets frm the gvernment, amng whm was Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-ld public security vlunteer.
(2020年全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) In ancient China lived an artist whse paintings were almst lifelike.
(2019年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)They were well trained by their masters wh had great experience with caring fr these animals.
(2019年浙江卷)On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth which gives ff light in the dark.
(2019年北京卷)The students benefiting mst frm cllege are thse wh are ttally engaged(參與) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(資源).
(2018年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 which shwed a mere five t ten minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes (cause).
(2018年浙江卷) Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries.