?高考英語名校模擬真題速遞（全國卷專用）
第一期
專題05 閱讀理解之議論文10篇
（2022·廣西·統(tǒng)考一模）Tune in to a college football match in America, and you might think that you are watching a professional rather than an amateur sport. The biggest stadiums routinely fill over 100,000 seats. Corporate sponsorships are common. Television broadcasts are filled with ads for expensive pick-up trucks and beers. In all, America’s college athletic departments brought in a combined $18.1bn of revenue (收益) in 2017, up from $9.8bn in 2007.
Despite the popularity of their output, college athletes receive no salary. The National College Athletic Association (NCAA), which governs college sports, has long forbidden its players to receive any reward. The ordinance has caused public discussion and disagreement. After years of legal challenges and intense public scrutiny(監(jiān)督), the NCAA’s restriction on paying student athletes is at last starting to crack.
On September 10th, California passed a bill which would allow athletes at colleges in the state with profitable sports programs to hire agents and earn money on the side through sponsorship deals or autograph(簽名) sales. The bill still needs to be signed by the governor, and would not come into effect until 2023.
Some lawmakers would like to go one step further. Senator Bernie Sanders put it plainly on Twitter: “College athletes are workers. Pay them.” Yet treating athletes as employees could make things more complicated. Would this mean that colleges would pay their female players as much as males, for example, even if the men bring in more revenue?
Richard Borghesi, an economist at the University of South Florida-Sarasota, has written a pair of papers looking at how much top athletes would make if they were paid according to their ability to generate revenue for their colleges. Mr Borghesi estimates that the top 10% of football and 16% of basketball players would be paid around $400,000 and $250,000 a year respectively.
The NCAA opposes California’s efforts. The association notes that college athletes are already rewarded in the form of scholarships, and argues that they shouldn’t get any further reward as amateur players. The NCAA has also threatened to ban Californian colleges from competing in national championships.
Although the NCAA’s objections may have been reasonable at some point, they make little sense today. The two most profitable college sports, American football and basketball, are highly competitive. Many universities are willing to make every effort to admit talented players.
1．What does the underlined word “ordinance” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Request. B．Permission. C．Experiment. D．Rule.
2．What may Bernie Sanders agree with?
A．Male and female players should earn the same income.
B．Student athletes should be paid according to their ability.
C．College players should be allowed to profit from their talent.
D．College athletes should earn less that professional employees.
3．What does the author think of the NCAA’s disapproval?
A．It seemed harmful. B．It will end in vain.
C．It sounds ridiculous. D．It will lead to confusion.
4．What would be the test title for the text?
A．Pay for play. B．Play to grow.
C．Future of student athletes. D．Popularity of college sports.

（2022·廣西南寧·南寧三中?？级＃〢 recent story in the Wall Street Journal newspaper looked at students who went to celebrated universities such as Columbia and New York University, for advanced degrees in subjects like art, film and even social work. Many of the students said they learned a lot. However, when they graduated, they were deep in debt and did not think they would find work that would let them pay back their loans.
Students said they spoke with Columbia about the high cost of advanced arts degrees but never received a reasonable answer. Education experts say the school is very wealthy, with large funds. The University, however, prefers to ask the students to pay the full cost.
Kevin Carey is a higher education expert for New America, a public policy research center. He called master’s degrees “a scam” in a conversation. “Charging people a ton of money to go into any artistic career is often super problematic,” he said.
Castillo is an actor in New York City. He earned an MFA from The Actors Studio in New York City. Was his MFA worth the cost? “I do think it was worth it. I don’t put a price tag on my education or my experience. I think it’s sort of unfortunate that so many people take education for granted.” Castillo said students who are thinking about an advanced degree in art should be sure they are doing it because they value the education, not because they want money or to be famous.
Plazinska is a filmmaker in New York City. She attended graduate school both at Baylor University in Texas and at the University of Lowa. Arts graduate programs can help students meet and make friends with fellow artists with whom they can work throughout their careers. For school to be of value, students need to remember why they started making art in the beginning. “It’s just for the pure pleasure of creating and fulfilling myself this way.”
5．What’s the problem for students in famous universities for art advanced degrees?
A．They can’t take loans. B．They can’t find any work.
C．They may be heavily in debt. D．They may drop out of university.
6．What does the underlined word “scam” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Way. B．Trick. C．Skill. D．Game.
7．What does Castillo think of his MFA?
A．He thinks highly of it.
B．It’s a waste of money.
C．He takes it for granted.
D．It brings him fame and money.
8．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．Arts graduate programs ensure a promising future.
B．Students had better consider whether they can afford the fee.
C．Arts graduate programs introduce celebrity artists to their students.
D．Students should stick to their original purposes while learning.

（2022秋·貴州遵義·高三統(tǒng)考一模）The world is full of tea drinkers. For many, they simply enjoy the taste. But new research suggests tea might help those who drink it live longer than those who do not. Tea is known to contain helpful substances known to reduce inflammation, a condition in which a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen because of infection or injury. Past studies have suggested several health benefits. Now, scientists say black tea may show similar benefits.
Scientists from the United States National Cancer Institute carried out the study. They examined data gathered about the tea drinking behavior of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for as many as 14 years. The researchers adjusted for risks that individual may have related to health, living conditions, diet and lifestyle choices, as well as age, race and gender. The study found that high tea intake was linked to a moderate benefit: a 9 to 13 percent lower risk of death from any cause than non-tea drinkers.
The scientists say the lowered risk of death held true for study subjects with heart disease. However, researchers said there was noclear finding in connection with deaths from cancer. Researchers were not sure why. But it is possible there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to measure, said Maki, who led the study.
All kinds of tea-green, black, oolong, and white-are produced from the Camellia sinensis plant using different methods. Tea contains various elements, including polyphenols(多酚). Experts say polyphenols are thought to be responsible for the health benefits that have traditionally been linked to tea, especially green tea. Green tea is reported to improve mental ability, ease digestive problems and head pain, and help people with weight loss. Green tea has also been studied for possible protective effects against heart disease and cancer.
The study of British tea drinkers was based on observing people’s behaviors and health. This kind of methodology cannot prove cause and effect.
9．What does “inflammation“ underlined in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Food intake.
B．Security risk.
C．A kind of flavor.
D．A kind of symptom.
10．How did the United States National Cancer Institute conduct the study?
A．By examining data collected from tea drinkers.
B．By analyzing the effects of all kinds of tea.
C．By observing people of all ages across the US.
D．By comparing subjects with different diseases.
11．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A．People produce tea using the same method.
B．All kinds of tea can help people lose weight.
C．Polyphenols are important elements good for health.
D．Green tea can be used to treat heart disease and cancer.
12．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To persuade people to drink more tea.
B．To inform the benefits of drinking tea.
C．To explain why drinking tea is popular.
D．Tostress the advantages of green tea.

（2022秋·貴州遵義·高三校聯(lián)考一模）Print newspapers dominated the early 1900s, but in November 1922, the dawn of radio news arrived when the BBC launched its first daily radio service. It marketed itself as news by and for social elites (精英), and broadcasters were required to use “received pronunciation”. News shifted to television broadcasting in the 1950s.
The creation of the WorldWideWeb in the 1990s changed things again. The internet has become a key site for sharing information, and news is more accessible than it has ever been before. Crises can be reported from on the ground by people who directly understand them. Stories can be shared with the click of a button which can be dangerous. In the time it takes for a story to move from a news site to Facebook to your WhatsApp group chat, context lost and facts go unchecked.
In 2016, we witnessed a BBC watershed moment for the news landscape. Negative coverage was the order of the day in the general election. Clinton was criticized for everything from her speaking style to her use of emails. As Clinton was being attacked in the press, Donald Trump was attacking the press, claiming that it is was trying to “influence” the election in her favor. The news is not about what’s ordinary or expected, but what’s new and different, better yet when filled with anger and conflict. Following the election troubled by dishonesty and misinformation spread largely on social media, Oxford Dictionaries announced “post-truth” as its international word of the year. Frequency of the word’s usage rose by 2,000 percent that year.
With so much information at our fingertips, the massive volume news can be ovenwhelming. Couple this with the increasing uncertainty about what is true and what is not, it is perhaps no wonder that recent years have seen the birth of the “slow journalism” movement. First coined in 2007 by Susan Greenberg, it invites us to slow down and really pay attention to what’s happening around us.
13．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The target audience of BBC, B．The key to News’ development.
C．The transformation in news reporting. D．The qualifications of BBC’s reporters.
14．What can we learn about the creation of WorldWideWeb?
A．It marks what good news is about.
B．It provides people with the best choice.
C．It fails to satisfy people’s sharing demand.
D．It contributes much to ungoverned information.
15．What can be inferred from Paragraph3?
A．BBC news gained wide popularity.
B．Negative news sells and travels wide.
C．Facts are more influential than emotion appeals.
D．More supervision should be added in the election.
16．Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A．Negative news also bears value just as the positive news.
B．Great importance should be attached to news’ truthfulness.
C．The information on social media is uncertain and unreliable.
D．People are overwhelmed with massive volume news nowadays.

（2022秋·四川成都·高三石室中學(xué)?？家荒＃㏄sychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky, and misunderstood, overlap between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自戀).
There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25% of young people showing symptoms of narcissism. The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, and out-of-control consumerism.
We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves.
In my own research on strength-based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive self-admiration.
Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it.
The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary (非此即彼) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities.
When we assume that strength-focus is the same as a self-focus, we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others.
It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths.
17．Why are teenagers’ strengths often considered as narcissism according to Paragraph 5?
A．There is a lack of narcissism in our common sense.
B．The general public has less access to strengths psychology.
C．Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors.
D．Academic journals report more on narcissism.
18．Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with?
A．To say all kids are potential narcissists is overstating (夸大) the case.
B．It’s unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves.
C．Strength-based parenting leads to narcissism.
D．Children who know their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring.
19．What’s the author’s attitude towards young kids’ strength-based approaches?
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Neutral. D．Doubtful.
20．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Teens’ Psychology Research B．Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis
C．Teens’ Strength-based Approach D．Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood

（2022秋·四川·高三樹德中學(xué)校考一模）Smartphones are our constant companions. For many of us, their glowing screens are a common presence, drawing us in with endless distractions. They are in our hands as soon as we wake, and command our attention until the final moments before we fall asleep.
Steve Jobs would not approve.
In 2007, Jobs took the stage and introduced the world to the iPhone. If you watch the full speech, you will be surprised by how he imagined our relationship should be with this iconic invention. This vision is so different from the way most of us use these devices now.
In his remarks, Jobs spent an extended amount of time demonstrating how users could utilize its touch screen before detailing the many ways Apple engineers had improved the age-old process of making phone calls. “It’s the best iPod we’ve ever made,” Jobs exclaimed at one point. “The killer app is making calls,” he later added. Both lines drew thunderous applause.
The presentation confirms that Jobs imagined a simpler iPhone experience than the one we actually have more than a decade later. For example, there was no App Store when the iPhone was first introduced, and this was by design. Jobs was convinced that the phone’s carefully-designed native features were enough. He did not seek to completely change the rhythm of users’ daily lives. He simply wanted to take experiences we had already found important — listening to music, placing calls, generating directions — and make them better.
The minimalist (簡(jiǎn)約主義者) vision for the iPhone Jobs offered in 2007 is unrecognizable today — and that is a shame.
Under what I call the “constant companion model,” we now see our smartphones as always-on portal (通道) to information. We have become so used to it over the past decade that it is easy to forget the novelty (新奇) of the device. It seems increasingly clear to me that Jobs probably got it right from the very beginning: Many of us would be better-off returning to his original minimalist vision for our phones.
Practically speaking, to be a minimalist smartphone user means only using your device for a small number of features that do things of value to you. Otherwise, you simply put it away outside of these activities. This approach removes this gadget (小玩意) from the position of a constant companion down to a luxury object, such as a fancy bike that gives you great pleasure when you use it but does not dominate your entire day.
Early in his 2007 keynote Jobs said, “Today, Apple is going to reinvent the phone.” What he didn’t add, however, was the follow-up promise: “Tomorrow, we’re going to reinvent your life.” The smartphone is fantastic, but it was never meant to be the foundation for a new form of existence. If you return this innovation to its original role, you will get more out of both your phone and your life.
21．According to Steve Jobs, what was the main selling point of Apple’s first iPhone?
A．It allowed its users to have access to the Internet.
B．It was actually an iPod that could make phone calls.
C．It was installed with applications by third-party developers.
D．It could fulfill people’s desire to multitask in their daily lives.
22．According to the article, a minimalist smartphone user is likely to ________.
A．expect to reinvent his life with the device
B．buy the latest model of iPhone and see it as a luxury
C．spend more time working than playing with his device
D．remove the unnecessary applications from the device
23．The underlined word “it” in the 7th paragraph probably refers to ________.
A．the native features of smartphones B．the information on the Internet
C．the novelty of the device D．the constant companion model
24．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The minimalism of iPhone helps users bring out the best of the device.
B．Jobs expected iPhone to be the foundation for a new form of existence.
C．Smartphone users have changed their life to enjoy pleasant experiences.
D．The invention of App Store has made smartphones luxury objects.

（2022秋·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·高三統(tǒng)考一模）By age 12, Gavin Svenson had a strong interest in insects. He couldn’t get enough of digging for them, watching them, and collecting them. He remembers that his parents patiently indulged (縱容) his passion for insects even as he stored them in the fridge of their home.
Around that age, Svenson saw an interview with an insectologist on TV and thought,“Whoa! You can do this as a job?” Clearly, yes, which explains how he ended up as the curator (館長) at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.
Deep interests that present at an early age often stay with us throughout life, says Susan Newman, a social psychologist.
So how do you help your teenager find their passion? Parents can be patient and supportive without overdoing it. Svenson feels his parents found the night balance. “My parents were super supportive, but it was mostly me driving it,” says Svenson. Though his parents had some worries about his narrow choice of a career path, they never tried to force him to change it.
Teens are likely to try lots of new activities and may drop them almost as quickly as they pick them up. So how can parents know when it’s a true passion and when not? Newman describes a passion as “an interest or activity that you can’t get enough of; it keeps you coming back for more.” Newman says, “As a parent, you’ll notice that you can’t get their attention because they are totally absorbed.”
But what if the passion that’s absorbing your child is not the one you would have picked for them? “Parents have to realize that their children are separate human beings with interests, likes, and dislikes hat can be very different from their own,” says Newman. “You have to let your teen take the lead in what interests them.”
Now a parent himself, Svenson concurs. “Never lower your kids’ interests. Kids are smart, and they have a great ability to form their own opinion.”
25．Why did Svenson store insects in the fridge of his home?
A．To cook them. B．To study them.
C．To follow an expert’s advice. D．To play a joke on his parents.
26．What does Svenson think of his parents?
A．They are on his side.
B．They are single-minded.
C．They should not change his life.
D．They should not worry about him.
27．What advice might Newman give parents?
A．To let their kids find their own interest.
B．To develop the same interest as their kids.
C．To pick a long term interest for their kids.
D．To help their kids stick with their interest.
28．What might the underlined word “concurs” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Feels surprised. B．Refuses all help.
C．Makes promises. D．Expresses agreement.

（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）A new study of parental attitudes, Growing up Digital, by the UNSW Gonski Institute of Education found that 83 percent of carers, parents and grandparents thought their children were negatively distracted by their devices.
Parents are worried that being on a screen stops their children doing other activities, such as being physically active and playing outside, being creative or pending time connecting with friends or family. Many are concerned about the dangers of cyber-bullying and the effect of social media on their children’s mental and physical health.
Over the family dinner table, the most common argument is increasingly about use of mobile phones. Three-quarters of parents say it is hard to control their children’s use of their digital devices and two-thirds say the topic is a source of conflict in the home. Teachers are saying the same things about behaviour in classrooms.
While the digital world is not without its dangers and challenges, some experts warn parents against demonizing smartphones or social media.
The more extreme fears about the impact of the digital world on the current generation of children will likely sound as outdated in a few decades as when their great-grandparents inveighed against the evils of television or rock’n’ roll music.
Many previously sceptical parents have seen the positive human value of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic because it allowed their children to connect with friends and family through lockdowns and social distancing. Children could keep up their education remotely.
Rather than railing against the digital world, parents need to think of strategies to help their children get the best from their devices.
Parents should talk to their children about how to use their devices more productively and safely. They should accept that the online world can be creative and a source of inspiration and connection as well. They should give children positive reasons to limit their usage rather than simply telling them to put them phones away.
It is not possible to turn back time and stop children using their devices. Parents and teachers must help children get the best out of them.
29．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about digital devices?
A．Their target users B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions. D．Their potential harm.
30．What effect would digital devices have on children?
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
31．What does the underlined word “demonizing” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Criticizing casually. B．Controlling completely.
C．Denying totally D．Ignoring purposefully.
32．What’s the author’s attitude to digital devices?
A．Objective. B．Critical.
C．Favorable. D．Intolerant

（2023秋·寧夏吳忠·高三青銅峽市高級(jí)中學(xué)?？家荒＃㊣f you’re reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century.
That would make you young, creative, connected, global, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation?
Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much and they wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies to become successful in real life — or “IRL”, as you would say?
Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt (寵壞的) and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents”. They were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.
Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem to be enthusiastic (熱情的) and willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls’rights to go to school.
So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud).
33．What can we learn about the oh-ohs ?
A．They are addicted to screens.
B．They are always in bad mood.
C．They were born before the 2000s.
D．They are busy with their texts.
34．Which of the following is true about “helicopter parents”?
A．They travel by air all year round.
B．They instruct everything for their children.
C．They depend on their teenagers.
D．They avoid challenges of adult life.
35．What qualities does the oh-ohs have in para 5 ?
A．Proud. B．Awkward. C．Passionate. D．Peaceful.
36．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Face-down Generation
B．Promising Generation
C．Struggling Teenagers
D．Generation Under Control

（2022秋·寧夏吳忠·高三鹽池高級(jí)中學(xué)校考一模）It is easy to get carried away in an argument.
While having a rational conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
The Empathy Challenge is an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.
In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. “As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them.
Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate about freedom. The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真誠) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and Chose people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. And that’s the point of the exercise-to understand others as fellow human beings.
37．Which of the following does the Empathy Challenge faces on?
A．Leadership skills. B．Public speaking skills.
C．Communication skills. D．Problem solving skills.
38．What does Chance suggest people do when handling a disagreement?
A．Defend their position. B．Find common ground.
C．Reflect on their own values. D．Meet the needs of others.
39．What drove the three men to vote for Donald Tramp?
A．Their life values. B．Their career history.
C．Their family background. D．Their childhood experience.
40．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Respect different perspectives B．Zoe Chance’s empathy
C．Vote for Trump D．Chancels challenge


參考答案：
1．D????2．C????3．B????4．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要討論了大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員是否應(yīng)該得到報(bào)酬的問題。
1．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Despite the popularity of their output, college athletes receive no salary. The National College Athletic Association(NCAA), which governs college sports, has long forbidden its players to receive any reward. (盡管他們的作品很受歡迎，但大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員沒有薪水。管理大學(xué)體育的美國大學(xué)體育協(xié)會(huì)(NCAA)長期以來一直禁止其球員獲得任何報(bào)酬。)”可知，劃線部分“The ordinance”與本句內(nèi)容有直接對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，定冠詞the指代前文美國大學(xué)體育協(xié)會(huì)的禁止球員獲得報(bào)酬的制度。因此劃線單詞“ordinance”意為“條例、規(guī)章”對(duì)應(yīng)rule的意思。。故選D項(xiàng)。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Senator Bernie Sanders put it plainly on Twitter:“College athletes are workers. Pay them.”(參議員伯尼·桑德斯在推特上說得很清楚：“大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員是工人。付給他們?！?”可知，他認(rèn)為大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該得到報(bào)酬。故選C項(xiàng)。
3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Although the NCAA’s objections may have been reasonable at some point, they make little sense today. (盡管NCAA的反對(duì)在某種程度上可能是有道理的，但在今天看來，它們已經(jīng)沒有什么意義了)”以及之后的句子 “The two most profitable college sports, American football and basketball, are highly competitive. Many universities are willing to make every effort to admit talented players. (兩個(gè)最賺錢的大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)，美式橄欖球和籃球，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈。許多大學(xué)都愿意竭盡全力招收有才華的球員)”可知，作者認(rèn)為NCAA的做法將是徒勞的。故選B項(xiàng)。
4．標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段從美國的大學(xué)生橄欖球比賽引入第二段本文討論的話題，college athletes receive no salary，之后分別從NCAA、相關(guān)法案的通過以及人物觀點(diǎn)等方面對(duì)其展開討論。因此A項(xiàng)概括了本文大意“大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員因該得到報(bào)酬”。故選A項(xiàng)。
5．C????6．B????7．A????8．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章探討了獲得藝術(shù)高級(jí)學(xué)位是否值得花費(fèi)大量的金錢這一問題。
5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However, when they graduated, they were deep in debt and did not think they would find work that would let them pay back their loans.”(然而，當(dāng)他們畢業(yè)時(shí)，他們負(fù)債累累，并不認(rèn)為他們會(huì)找到可以讓他們償還貸款的工作。)可知，在著名的大學(xué)獲取藝術(shù)高級(jí)學(xué)位的學(xué)生的問題是他們可能會(huì)負(fù)債累累。C項(xiàng)“They may be heavily in debt.”(他們可能負(fù)債累累。)符合原文表述，故選C項(xiàng)。
6．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Charging people a ton of money to go into any artistic career is often super problematic,” he said.” (“向人們收取大量金錢以進(jìn)入任何藝術(shù)職業(yè)通常是非常成問題的，”他說。)可知，Kevin Carey認(rèn)為收取大量的錢是有問題的，因此推測(cè)劃線部分可能是“騙局”的意思。B項(xiàng)“Trick.”(詭計(jì)。)符合猜測(cè)，故選B項(xiàng)。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“I do think it was worth it. I don’t put a price tag on my education or my experience. I think it’s sort of unfortunate that so many people take education for granted. Castillo said students who are thinking about an advanced degree in art should be sure they are doing it because they value the education, not because they want money or to be famous.”(“我確實(shí)認(rèn)為這是值得的。我不會(huì)為我的教育或經(jīng)驗(yàn)貼上價(jià)格標(biāo)簽。我認(rèn)為這么多人認(rèn)為教育是理所當(dāng)然的，這有點(diǎn)不幸。”卡斯蒂略說，正在考慮攻讀藝術(shù)高級(jí)學(xué)位的學(xué)生應(yīng)該確保他們這樣做是因?yàn)樗麄冎匾暯逃?，而不是因?yàn)樗麄兿胍X或出名。)可推斷，Castillo認(rèn)為MFA是值得的，對(duì)其的評(píng)價(jià)不錯(cuò)。A項(xiàng)“He thinks highly of it.”(他對(duì)此評(píng)價(jià)很高。)符合推斷，故選A項(xiàng)。
8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“For school to be of value, students need to remember why they started making art in the beginning. It’s just for the pure pleasure of creating and fulfilling myself this way.”(為了讓學(xué)業(yè)有價(jià)值，學(xué)生需要記住他們一開始為什么開始創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。以這種方式只是為了創(chuàng)造和充實(shí)自己的純粹樂趣。)可以推斷出，學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要不忘初心。D項(xiàng)“Students should stick to their original purposes while learning.”(學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中要堅(jiān)持自己的初衷。)符合推斷，故選D項(xiàng)。
9．D????10．A????11．C????12．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇議論文。文章主要講述了喝茶有助于身體健康的觀點(diǎn)。
9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“a condition in which a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen because of infection or injury. ”（一種由于感染或受傷，身體的某一部分變得發(fā)紅、疼痛和腫脹的情況。）可知，劃線詞指的是一種因感染或受傷而產(chǎn)生的癥狀。故選D。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“They examined data gathered about the tea drinking behavior of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for as many as 14 years. ”（他們檢測(cè)了近50萬名英國成年人長達(dá)14年的飲茶行為數(shù)據(jù)。）可知，美國國家癌癥研究所是通過檢測(cè)喝茶者的數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行研究的。故選A。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Experts say polyphenols are thought to be responsible for the health benefits that have traditionally been linked to tea, especially green tea.”（專家說人們認(rèn)為茶、尤其是綠茶對(duì)健康的益處是由多酚類物質(zhì)帶來的）可知，多酚是有利健康的重要成分。故選C。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ But new research suggests tea might help those who drink it live longer than those who do not.”（但新的研究表明，喝茶的人可能比不喝茶的人更長壽）并結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要是要表述喝茶對(duì)身體有益的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。
13．C????14．D????15．B????16．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹了新聞的發(fā)展歷程，以及后續(xù)出現(xiàn)了新聞失真的情況，呼吁重視新聞的真實(shí)性。
13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的第一句 “Print newspapers dominated the early 1900s, but in November 1922, the dawn of radio news arrived when the BBC launched its first daily radio service.（印刷報(bào)紙?jiān)?0世紀(jì)初占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位，但在1922年11月，廣播新聞的曙光到來，英國廣播公司推出了第一個(gè)每日廣播服務(wù)。）”以及最后一句“News shifted to television broadcasting in the 1950s.（新聞在20世紀(jì)50年代轉(zhuǎn)向電視廣播。）”可知，第一段主要講述了新聞形式的發(fā)展史。故選擇C項(xiàng)。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“The internet has become a key site for sharing information, and news is more accessible than it has ever been before. Crises can be reported from on the ground by people who directly understand them. Stories can be shared with the click of a button which can be dangerous.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已成為信息共享的關(guān)鍵網(wǎng)站，新聞比以往任何時(shí)候都更容易獲取。直接了解危機(jī)的人可以在實(shí)地報(bào)告危機(jī)。只需點(diǎn)擊一個(gè)按鈕就可以分享故事，這可能很危險(xiǎn)。）”可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)讓人們有了機(jī)會(huì)隨時(shí)隨地從各種應(yīng)用軟件上去上傳新聞，但是卻存在的問題，信息未經(jīng)核實(shí)，沒有正規(guī)監(jiān)管，內(nèi)容真假難辨。故選擇D項(xiàng)。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“The news is not about what’s ordinary or expected, but what’s new and different, better yet when laced with anger and conflict. Following the election troubled by dishonesty and misinformation spread largely on social media, Oxford Dictionaries announced “post-truth” as its international word of the year.（新聞不是關(guān)于什么是普通的或預(yù)期的，而是什么是新鮮的和與眾不同的，當(dāng)充滿憤怒和沖突時(shí)更好。選舉后，由于不誠實(shí)和錯(cuò)誤信息在社交媒體上大量傳播，牛津詞典宣布“后真相”為年度國際詞匯。）”此句可知，新聞媒體的報(bào)道以逐漸失真，并偏向于如何勾人眼球，如何抓住讀者的心理。故選擇B項(xiàng)。
16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“With so much information at our fingertips, the massive volume news can be overwhelming. Couple this with the increasing uncertainty about what is true and what is not, it is perhaps no wonder that recent years have seen the birth of the “slow journalism” movement.（在我們指尖上有這么多信息的情況下，大量的新聞可能會(huì)讓人不知所措。再加上關(guān)于什么是真實(shí)的、什么不是真實(shí)的越來越不確定，近年來“慢新聞”運(yùn)動(dòng)的誕生也許就不足為奇了。）”以及最后一句 “it invites us to slow down and really pay attention to what’s happening around us（它讓我們放慢腳步，真正關(guān)注周圍發(fā)生的事情）” 可知, 作者呼吁新聞報(bào)道要重視真實(shí)性、質(zhì)量和語境，而不僅僅是快速和優(yōu)先。故選擇B項(xiàng).
17．B????18．A????19．A????20．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇議論文，文章介紹了青少年的自信被誤解這一現(xiàn)象以及其產(chǎn)生原因。文章主要論述了一直以來，人們對(duì)個(gè)人長處和自戀兩者之間認(rèn)識(shí)不足導(dǎo)致了對(duì)青少年的自信產(chǎn)生誤解這一觀點(diǎn)。作者認(rèn)為，以突出孩子們長處為基礎(chǔ)的教育方式是有益的。
17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive self-admiration.(在看待自我優(yōu)點(diǎn)上，真正的自信被當(dāng)作自負(fù)；適當(dāng)?shù)淖晕伊私獗划?dāng)作過度自戀。)”以及第五段中的“Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life.(為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況？部分原因是人們對(duì)自戀的了解多于對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的了解。盡管優(yōu)勢(shì)心理學(xué)在很大程度上還停留在學(xué)術(shù)期刊的范圍內(nèi)，但關(guān)于自戀的研究已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了大眾媒體和我們的日常生活。)”可知，青少年因優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)生的自信常常被誤認(rèn)為是自戀，是因?yàn)榇蟊妼?duì)自戀很熟悉，而對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)心理學(xué)接觸較少、相對(duì)陌生。故選B。
18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves.(我們對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象表示擔(dān)憂并沒有錯(cuò)，但如果我們擔(dān)心所有的孩子都是潛在的自戀者則會(huì)適得其反，使得那些試圖讓孩子們和青少年自我感覺良好的方法失效。)”以及最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths.(人們很容易得出結(jié)論：所有年輕人都有自戀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我愿意為與我共事過的成千上萬體貼、周到、謙遜的孩子們說話——即使是在他們發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)時(shí)。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為不是所有孩子都是潛在的自戀者，這樣的說法過于夸大事實(shí)。故選A。
19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“In my own research on strength-based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism.”（在我自己對(duì)基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的育兒方式的研究中，人們普遍錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為這種方式是自戀的原因）根據(jù)最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths.(人們很容易得出結(jié)論：所有年輕人都有自戀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我愿意為與我共事過的成千上萬體貼、周到、謙遜的孩子們說話——即使是在他們發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)時(shí)。)”可推知，作者很贊成基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的育兒方法。故選A。
20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky and misunderstood, overlap(重疊)between strength-based science and the research on narcissism。(心理科學(xué)充滿了有趣的話題，其中有許多連貫一致將人類天性勾畫出來，但也有一些則似乎自相矛盾。其中一例就是基于優(yōu)點(diǎn)的心理科學(xué)與自戀研究的交叉部分，十分棘手而且存在誤解。)”以及文中對(duì)青少年的自信被誤解這一現(xiàn)象及原因的詳細(xì)闡述可知，文章主要介紹了青少年的自信被誤解這一現(xiàn)象以及產(chǎn)生的原因。再結(jié)合最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. (人們很容易得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個(gè)年輕人都有成為自戀者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我想為我共事過的成千上萬的年輕人說話，他們關(guān)心他人、有思想、謙遜——即使是在他們發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)時(shí)。)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood(被誤解的青少年的自信)”能夠概括全文，適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
21．B????22．D????23．D????24．A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章論述了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：手機(jī)主宰了我們的生活，而這不是喬布斯想看到的。
21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“In his remarks, Jobs spent an extended amount of time demonstrating how users could utilize its touch screen before detailing the many ways Apple engineers had improved the age-old process of making phone calls. “It’s the best iPod we’ve ever made,” Jobs exclaimed at one point. “The killer app is making calls,” he later added.(在他的講話中，喬布斯花了很長時(shí)間演示用戶如何使用觸摸屏，然后詳細(xì)介紹了蘋果工程師改進(jìn)古老的通話流程的許多方法?！@是我們制作過的最好的iPod，’喬布斯一度驚呼道?！畾⑹旨?jí)應(yīng)用正在打電話，’他后來補(bǔ)充道)”可知，蘋果第一部iPhone的主要賣點(diǎn)是它實(shí)際上是一個(gè)可以打電話的iPod。故選B項(xiàng)。
22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Practically speaking, to be a minimalist smartphone user means only using your device for a small number of features that do things of value to you.(實(shí)際上，成為一名極簡(jiǎn)主義智能手機(jī)用戶意味著，你要把這個(gè)設(shè)備用于少量你所珍視的事情)”推知，極簡(jiǎn)主義的智能手機(jī)用戶傾向于刪除設(shè)備上所有不必要的應(yīng)用程序。故選D項(xiàng)。
23．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“This approach removes this gadget (小玩意) from the position of a constant companion down to a luxury object, such as a fancy bike that gives you great pleasure when you use it but does not dominate your entire day.(這種方法把這個(gè)設(shè)備從一個(gè)忠實(shí)伴侶的位置降級(jí)為一個(gè)奢侈品，比如一輛別致的自行車，當(dāng)你使用它的時(shí)候會(huì)給你很大的樂趣，但不會(huì)支配你的一整天)可知，it指代上文提到的“忠實(shí)伴侶模式”。故選D項(xiàng)。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“He simply wanted to take experiences we had already found important — listening to music, placing calls, generating directions — and make them better. (他只是想利用我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要經(jīng)驗(yàn)——聽音樂、打電話、指路——并使之更好)”，第七段中的“It seems increasingly clear to me that Jobs probably got it right from the very beginning: Many of us would be better-off returning to his original minimalist vision for our phones.(我似乎越來越清楚，喬布斯可能從一開始就做到了：我們中的許多人最好還是回到他最初對(duì)手機(jī)的極簡(jiǎn)主義設(shè)想)”和最后一段中的“If you return this innovation to its original role, you will get more out of both your phone and your life.(如果你將這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新（智能手機(jī)）回歸到原來的角色，你將從你的手機(jī)和生活中獲得更多)”可知，作者贊成喬布斯利用最少功能、發(fā)揮設(shè)備最大價(jià)值的極簡(jiǎn)主義智能手機(jī)，認(rèn)為如果智能手機(jī)回歸到極簡(jiǎn)模式，用戶能從手機(jī)和生活中獲得更多。由此推知，iPhone的極簡(jiǎn)主義幫助用戶發(fā)揮設(shè)備的最佳性能。故選A項(xiàng)。
25．B????26．A????27．A????28．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講的是父母如何幫助自己的孩子找到他們對(duì)某種事物的熱情。
25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“By age 12, Gavin Svenson had a strong interest in insects. He couldn’t get enough of digging for them, watching them, and collecting them. He remembers that his parents patiently indulged his passion for insects even as he stored them in the fridge of their home.(12歲時(shí)，加文·斯文森對(duì)昆蟲產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。他總是不停地挖掘、觀察和收集它們。他記得，他的父母耐心地縱容他對(duì)昆蟲的熱愛，甚至在他把昆蟲儲(chǔ)藏在家里的冰箱里的時(shí)候。)”可知，Svenson把昆蟲放在家里的冰箱里是為了對(duì)其進(jìn)行深入研究。故選B。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“He remembers that his parents patiently indulged his passion for insects even as he stored them in the fridge of their home.(他記得，他的父母耐心地縱容他對(duì)昆蟲的熱愛，甚至在他把昆蟲儲(chǔ)藏在家里的冰箱里的時(shí)候。)”可知，Svenson認(rèn)為他的父母是支持他的，也就是站在他那一邊，故選A。
27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的““Parents have to realize that their children are separate human beings with interests, likes, and dislikes hat can be very different from their own,” says Newman. “You have to let your teen take the lead in what interests them.”(紐曼說:“父母必須意識(shí)到他們的孩子是不同的人，他們的興趣、喜好和厭惡可能與他們自己截然不同?！薄澳惚仨氉屇愕暮⒆釉谒麄兏信d趣的事情上起主導(dǎo)作用。”)”可知，紐曼會(huì)給父母?jìng)兊慕ㄗh是讓孩子找到自己的興趣所在。故選A。
28．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“You have to let your teen take the lead in what interests them.(你必須讓你的孩子在他們感興趣的事情上起主導(dǎo)作用。)”和最后一段的“Kids are smart, and they have a great ability to form their own opinion.(孩子們很聰明，他們很有能力形成自己的觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，現(xiàn)在作為家長的Svenson和上文Newman的看法是一致的，因此劃線詞concurs的意思是“表示同意”，即Expresses agreement，故選D。
29．D????30．B????31．C????32．A

【分析】本文是議論文。文章討論了電子設(shè)備對(duì)孩子們的影響，作者認(rèn)為電子設(shè)備有積極的方面，不能完全否定，應(yīng)該采取積極態(tài)度接受，并指導(dǎo)孩子們利用它。
29．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Parents are worried that being on a screen stops their children doing other activities, such as being physically active and playing outside, being creative or pending time connecting with friends or family. Many are concerned about the dangers of cyber-bullying and the effect of social media on their children’s mental and physical health.( 家長們擔(dān)心，盯著屏幕會(huì)妨礙孩子做其他活動(dòng)，比如鍛煉身體、在戶外玩耍、有創(chuàng)造力或與朋友或家人聯(lián)系的空閑時(shí)間。許多人擔(dān)心網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的危險(xiǎn)，以及社交媒體對(duì)孩子身心健康的影響。)”可推斷，本段主要講述數(shù)碼設(shè)備的危害。故選D項(xiàng)。
30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“A new study of parental attitudes, Growing up Digital, by the UNSW Gonski Institute of Education found that 83 percent of carers, parents and grandparents thought their children were negatively distracted by their devices.(新南威爾士大學(xué)岡斯基教育學(xué)院(UNSW Gonski Institute of Education)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于父母態(tài)度的新研究——“數(shù)字化成長”(Growing up Digital)發(fā)現(xiàn)，83%的看護(hù)者、父母和祖父母認(rèn)為他們的孩子被電子設(shè)備消極地分散了注意力。)”可知，數(shù)碼設(shè)備擾亂孩子們的注意力。故選B項(xiàng)。
31．詞義猜測(cè)題。While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)“While the digital world is not without its dangers and challenges(盡管數(shù)字世界并非沒有危險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn))”可推斷，數(shù)字世界雖然有一些危險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)，但是一些專家警告家長們不要妖魔化智能手機(jī)或社交媒體，故劃線詞與“Denying totally(完全否定)”意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。
32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Rather than railing against the digital world, parents need to think of strategies to help their children get the best from their devices.( 父母?jìng)儾粦?yīng)該抱怨數(shù)字世界，而應(yīng)該想辦法幫助孩子們充分利用電子設(shè)備。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段的“Parents should talk to their children about how to use their devices more productively and safely. They should accept that the online world can be creative and a source of inspiration and connection as well. They should give children positive reasons to limit their usage rather than simply telling them to put them phones away.(父母應(yīng)該告訴孩子如何更有效、更安全地使用電子設(shè)備。他們應(yīng)該接受，網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界可以是創(chuàng)造性的，也是靈感和關(guān)系的源泉。他們應(yīng)該給孩子們積極的理由來限制他們的使用，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地告訴他們把手機(jī)收起來。)”可推斷，作者對(duì)于電子設(shè)備的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。
33．A????34．B????35．C????36．A

【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一片議論文。文章作者提出不同人對(duì)于當(dāng)下“臉朝下的”一代人的看法，有認(rèn)為好的一面也有認(rèn)為不好的一面，但總的來說作者認(rèn)為這一代人還是對(duì)未來充滿希望的。
33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“If you’re reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. (如果你正在讀這篇文章，你可能出生在2000后，俗稱零零后)”第二段“ But what do other people think about your generation?(但是其他人是怎么看待你們這一代的呢？)”第三段“Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you.(有些成年人擔(dān)心你對(duì)面前的屏幕比對(duì)周圍的世界更感興趣。)”可知，在很多人眼中零零后喜歡電子產(chǎn)品，對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界感興趣。故選A項(xiàng)。
34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents”. They were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. (很多90后和00后都是由“直升機(jī)父母”撫養(yǎng)長大的。他們總是在那里指導(dǎo)和幫助他們，在繁忙的日程安排中完成家庭作業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)，如舞蹈、繪畫或運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”可知，“直升機(jī)父母”在孩子的成長過程中喜歡指導(dǎo)一切。故選B項(xiàng)。
35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“They also seem to be enthusiastic(熱情的)??and willing to become leaders.??More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. (他們似乎也很熱情，愿意成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。比以往任何時(shí)候都多的年輕人自愿幫助他們的社區(qū)。)”可知，現(xiàn)在“臉朝下的一代”其實(shí)對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活充滿熱情，并且愿意承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任。A. Proud自豪的；B. Awkward令人尷尬的；C. Passionate熱情的；D. Peaceful和平的。故選C項(xiàng)。
36．主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“If you’re reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. (如果你正在讀這篇文章，你可能出生在2000后，俗稱零零后)”和末段“So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud).(所以如果你是其中之一，你有理由對(duì)未來充滿希望。對(duì)于“臉朝下的一代”來說，情況正在好轉(zhuǎn)。很有可能你會(huì)做到GR8(很棒)和LOL(大聲笑)。)”可知，全文都描述“臉朝下一代”在大家眼中的樣子，以及他們成長經(jīng)歷和在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的表現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。
37．C????38．B????39．A????40．A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了雖然與持不同意見的人進(jìn)行理性對(duì)話似乎是一種挑戰(zhàn)，但這是可能的。一種方法是用同理心接近對(duì)方，即尊重不同的觀點(diǎn)或立場(chǎng)。
37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The Empathy Challenge is an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.(Empathy Challenge是由耶魯大學(xué)管理學(xué)院高級(jí)講師Zoe Chance發(fā)起的一項(xiàng)練習(xí)。在耶魯大學(xué)，Chance教授一門名為“掌握影響力和說服”的課程，讓學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)如何更有效地溝通)”可知，the Empathy Challenge面對(duì)的是溝通技巧。故選C。
38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.(當(dāng)他們解釋自己的立場(chǎng)時(shí)，你要傾聽他們潛在的價(jià)值觀。最后，當(dāng)你反映這些價(jià)值觀時(shí)，你要尋找共同點(diǎn)。就是這樣)”可知，Chance建議人們?cè)谔幚矸制鐣r(shí)找到共同點(diǎn)。故選B。
39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate about freedom. The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真誠) was important in political leaders.(一名正統(tǒng)猶太人解釋說，他支持Trump是因?yàn)門rump的女兒和女婿是猶太人。下一個(gè)人是一個(gè)熱愛自由的俄羅斯移民。第三位是一位律師，他認(rèn)為真實(shí)對(duì)政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來說很重要)”以及最后一段“Although Chance and Chose people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others.(雖然Chance和Chose的政治信仰不同，但他們都能認(rèn)同他人的人生價(jià)值觀)”可推知，三個(gè)人投票給Donald Trump是因?yàn)樗麄兊娜松鷥r(jià)值觀。故選A。
40．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“While having a rational conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.(雖然與持不同意見的人進(jìn)行理性的對(duì)話似乎是一種挑戰(zhàn)，但這是可能的。一種方法是帶著同理心接近對(duì)方)”可知，本文主要講述了我們應(yīng)該尊重不同的觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“Respect different perspectives(尊重不同的觀點(diǎn))”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。


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