2022-2023學(xué)年安徽省合肥市高三下學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一模）英語試題含解析-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

? 合肥市2023年高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
英語試題
(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分:150分)
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前, 考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí), 選出每小題答案后, 用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng), 用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí), 將答案寫在答題卡上, 寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后, 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Borrowing books. B. Returning books. C. Buying books.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At a hotel. B. At a bus stop. C. At the airport.
3. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Worried. C. Puzzled.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student.
5. What are the speakers taking about?
A. How to sleep well. B. How to make tea. C. How to keep refreshed.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前, 你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題, 每小題5秒鐘;聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料, 回答第6、7題。
6. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To reschedule the appointment.
B. To ask about the test results.
C. To seek expert consultation.
7. When is the man going to meet the doctor?
A. On Tuesday morning.
B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday morning.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. Which of the following will the woman order?
A. Fish. B. Steak. C. Potatoes.
9. Why does the woman avoid desserts?
A. She hates sweet food.
B. She dislikes the flavor.
C. She cares about her figure.
10. How does the man feel about the service?
A. He is dissatisfied. B. He is confident. C. He is curious.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. What color sweater does the man take?
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Black.
12. How much will the man pay?
A. $90. B. $100. C. $160.
13. How will the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With a mobile device.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Who once worked in an animal shelter?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The woman’s uncle.
15. What did the man do recently?
A. He went to visit a friend.
B. He attended an interview.
C. He called some animal keepers.
16. What does the woman think of the man’s job?
A. Very exciting. B. A bit difficult. C. Highly rewarding.
17. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take photos. B. Make a call. C. Write his story.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. What do we know about Gerry?
A. He is left homeless.
B. He is kind-hearted.
C. He lives by collecting waste.
19. What does the speaker say about the house?
A. It is costly. B. It is huge. C. It is moveable.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Importance of recycling resources.
B. A story of helping people in need.
C. Ways of raising money for charity.
第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Robots are known as the future of technology. Robotics technology has just landed in the workplace and there is a lot of work to do. Below we’ll discuss some of the best and most advanced robots ever made by humans.
Asimo
The primary focus of the robot is to help people. Asimo travels all around the world, making people aware how robots can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a soccer ball. The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Honda (Japan)
Sophia
It is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressions just like humans. Sophia is primarily designed for education, research and entertainment. It travels throughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.
Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong China)
Atlas
Its body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and balance itself on diverse terrains (地形). The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but some favourite tasks are running, jumping and turnover movements. Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers and negotiating through diverse terrains.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
Spot
Spot is an animal robot, or say a dog robot, because it looks very similar to a dog. Spot can search around your office, home, playground etc. as a normal dog usually does. Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
1. Which of the following characterizes Asimo?
A. Its high speed. B. Its facial expressions.
C. Its language ability. D. Its communication skills.
2. Which robot is created by China?
A. Asimo. B. Sophia. C. Atlas. D. Spot.
3. What do Atlas and Spot have in common?
A They can change their body shapes.
B. They can carry small packages.
C. They can help do some housework.
D. They can detect barriers around.
B
A Malawian woman, Gloria Majiga-Kamoto, was recently awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize for Africa — the world’s leading award for grassroots environmental activists.
Gloria Majiga-Kamoto was then working for a local environmental organization with a program that gave goats to rural farmers, who would use the goat waste to produce low-cost, high-quality organic fertilizer (肥料). The problem? The thin plastic bags covering the Malawian countryside. “We have this very common street food, chiwaya, which is salty and served in little blue plastics,” Majiga-Kamoto says. “Goats eat the plastic for salty taste and they die because it blocks the ingestion (攝食) system.” For her, this was the moment when it all changed. All of a sudden, she started noticing how plastics were everywhere in the Malawian environment and food system-affecting people’s living and health.
“I remember back in the day when we’d go to the market and buy things like fish, you’d get it in newspapers,” the 30-year-old says. But thin plastics took off in the last decade or so as new producers sprung up in Malawi, selling products like thin plastic bags at cheap prices. In fact, the Malawian government decided to ban the importation, production and distribution of single-use plastic in 2015. But before the ban could go into full effect, Malawi’s plastics-producing industry appealed to the country’s High Court against the ban, causing it to be suspended.
When Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this, they were annoyed. She organized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban would hurt Malawi’s economy — and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Court ruled in favor of the ban. The following year, the government began closing down illegal plastic producers.
Michael Sutton, executive director of the Goldman Environmental Foundation, said, “Majiga-Kamoto’s fight with the plastic industry is a perfect example of the spirit of the prize.”
4. What made Majiga-Kamoto realize the problem?
A. Her experience with plastic-eating goats.
B. Her discovery of goat waste everywhere.
C Her doubt about the safety of street food.
D. Her care for the farmers living in poverty.
5. What can we learn about Malawi?
A. It used to be extremely rich in fish.
B. It advocated using thin plastic bags.
C. It failed to ban single-use plastic at first.
D. It relied heavily on the plastic industry.
6. What was the purpose of Majiga-Kamoto’s acts in Paragraph 4?
A. To put the ban into effect.
B. To support the government.
C. To back the plastic industry up.
D. To promote Malawi’s economy.
7. Which of the following best describes Majiga-Kamoto?
A. Humble. B. Generous. C. Patient. D. Committed.
C
Honeybees understand that “nothing” can be “something” that has numerical meaning, showing that they have a primitive grasp of the concept of zero, according to a newly-published study in Science.
Previous experiments have shown that honeybees have some facility for numbers, because they were able to count landmarks (地標(biāo)) as they searched around for a sweet reward. But in these tests, the insects couldn’t count very high-only to about four. Still, that made researchers in Australia and France want to explore what else the bees could do with numbers.
Scarlett Howard at RMIT University in Melbourne attracted bees to a wall where they were presented with two square cards. Each card had a different number of black symbols, such as dots or triangles. Howard trained one group of bees to understand that sugar water would always be located under the card with the least number of symbols. “They could come and see two circles versus (與. . . 相對(duì)) three circles, or four triangles versus one triangle,” she explains. The bees quickly learned to fly to the card with the fewest symbols,
But then they got another test, The researchers presented the bees with a card that had a single symbol and a blank card that had nothing on it. The bees seemed to understand that “zero” was less than one, because they flew toward the blank card more often than you’d expect if they were choosing at random. “When we showed them zero-versus six, they did that at a much higher level than zero versus one,” Howard says. “So what tells us is that they consider zero as an actual quantity along the number line.”
Aurore Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University of Toulouse, points out even very young children have trouble understanding that zero is a number. “It’s easy for them to count ‘one, two, three, four,’ but zero, it’s not something to count,” she explains. What’s more, the brains of bees are incredibly tiny brains compared with the brains of humans. Even so, the bees can understand the abstract concept of an empty set and she says she found that very surprising.
8. What did the earlier studies find about bees?
A. They could fly higher than expected.
B. They could understand some numbers.
C. They could remember a reward well.
D. They could explore local landmarks.
9. What did bees learn to do in Howard’s first test?
A. Distinguish circles from triangles.
B. Draw various symbols on the cards.
C. Identify the smaller of the two numbers.
D. Locate sugar water with symbol shapes.
10. Why did bees fly to the blank card more frequently?
A. They were told the location of the reward.
B. They chose to do it thoroughly by chance.
C. They preferred the card with nothing on it.
D. They thought of zero as an actual number.
11. Why are young children mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To argue that bees have a surprising memory.
B. To show that bees’ gift for numbers is amazing.
C. To explain that bees learn as well as young children.
D. To confirm that bees are smarter than young children.
D
Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (轉(zhuǎn)變) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (貨運(yùn)), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (納米級(jí)的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
12. What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A Stop. B. Decrease. C. Continue. D. Disappear.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B. Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C. Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D. Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
14. What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean?
A. The application of solar power devices.
B. The method of identifying water elements.
C. The invention. of the water transport system.
D. The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B. Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C. How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D. What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分, 滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about. ____16____
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____17____ Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!____18____ By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____19____
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet. ____20____ It’s best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection.
A. Treat others well.
B. Form a close bond with a friend.
C. Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”.
D. But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.
E. Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.
F. All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G. However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.
第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I’ve had a string of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I planned to fix it myself but soon ____21____ the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the ____22____ thing happened to my daughter’s washing machine! This time I ____23____ called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond ____24____. I ended up having to ____25____ two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still ____26____ about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my ____27____ traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma ____28____ an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn’t have a spin dryer (甩干機(jī)) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to ____29____the water. When the washing was done, she’d often pat the machine ____30____. She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was ____31____ for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the ____32____ way. I was getting ____33____ in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of ____34____ and joys. And so do the good new days. What ____35____ is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
21. A. regretted B. remembered C. denied D. appreciated
22. A. usual B. same C. funny D. amazing
23. A. even B. still C. ever D. already
24. A. recognition B. control C. repair D. compare
25. A. sell B. order C. return D. fix
26. A. lied B. cared C. complained D. argued
27. A. memory B. dream C. doubt D. fear
28. A. covering B. decorating C. loading D. equipping
29. A. purify B. remove C. hold D. absorb
30. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. wildly D. lovingly
31. A. grateful B. eager C. sorry D. responsible
32. A. ideal B. proper C. wrong D. traditional
33. A. carried away B. caught up C. turned down D. taken over
34. A. purposes B. duties C. excuses D. struggles
35. A. matters B. remains C. works D. happens
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Smart cities may have their own unique objectives but ____36____ they have in common is an understanding that Internet of Things technologies can improve efficiency and quality of life.
Indeed, smart city apps have shown they can help a city contain the spread of a pandemic (大流行病), helping to turn the economy from decrease to ____37____ (grow). We have seen some smart city apps in many parts of China.
A popular payment app in China has developed a smart system which ____38____(call) the Health Code. It uses red, yellow, or green symbols ____39____ (identify) whether a person is potentially a high- risk candidate. The smart system began as one of the functions of the payment app, a function which was ____40____(original) intended for the app’s staff in China, and later developed as a national standard function in some popular apps. Now the smart system, the Health Code, has a new function which ____41____ (indicate) whether a person can enter public places through analyzing the data ____42____ (collect) to see whether that person has had contact with those who have picked up a pandemic disease. The Health Code has avoided the need to over-tighten social distancing measures that could result ____43____ a huge economic loss while at the same time picking out possible infection ____44____ (case), and it’s managed to reduce infection rates in cities _____45_____ it has been used.
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華。你校開設(shè)了乒乓球培訓(xùn)班，請(qǐng)給來自加拿大的交換生Jeff寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)他一起參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 寫信目的;
2. 課程安排;
3. 報(bào)名方式。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jeff,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段, 使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Sam, Wayne and Tim were three men in their 60s, jamming in the same dusty old garage where they used to play music when they were in high school. They chatted up after ages, remembering the school days when they would take to the stage and play together as a band.
Wayne looked around, wide-eyed. “It’s been more than 40 years since we practised here.”
“Yes! And remember how we promised to keep in touch and play together once a week?” Tim laughed. “Sam, remember our brilliant plans?”
“Ah yes! We thought we were inseparable! Now, look at us! Old and wrinkled, joints hurting, meeting at each other’s grandkids’ weddings… we’re terrible at keeping in touch, except Will, of course. He was always calling and messaging. Where is Will? He’s the guy who planned this,” Sam smiled.
Just then, the three men’s phones buzzed (嗡嗡地響), and the message they received made their hearts sink. It was a message from Jenny, Will’s wife. Wayne rushed to his car, and the others followed. A short drive later, the three men knocked on the door of Will’s house and tried to wait patiently.
Jenny looked almost unrecognizably pale and told them that Will was taking a nap. The medicines made him all weak. It moved the three men to tears to see their fourth band member in such poor health.
And that day, they found out the whole story of Will’s illness. Will’s heart condition was serious, and it had been worsening over the past few months. The doctor said only a surgery could help. But it was going to cost at least $15,000. And after all the previous treatments, Will and Jenny didn’t have that kind of money anymore. Jenny said the doctors had given Will 6 months, bursting into helpless tears. The three men comforted her and wiped their own tears. “Money isn’t an issue,” Sam said as an idea came to him.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
The next day the three men brought their instruments to the busy street corner.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Will was finally admitted to hospital three months later.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
聽力答案：1-5 BCAAC 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BABCB

合肥市2023年高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
英語試題
(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分:150分)
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前, 考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí), 選出每小題答案后, 用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng), 用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí), 將答案寫在答題卡上, 寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后, 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Borrowing books. B. Returning books. C. Buying books.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At a hotel. B. At a bus stop. C. At the airport.
3. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Worried. C. Puzzled.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student.
5. What are the speakers taking about?
A. How to sleep well. B. How to make tea. C. How to keep refreshed.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前, 你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題, 每小題5秒鐘;聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料, 回答第6、7題。
6. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To reschedule the appointment.
B. To ask about the test results.
C. To seek expert consultation.
7. When is the man going to meet the doctor?
A. On Tuesday morning.
B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday morning.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. Which of the following will the woman order?
A. Fish. B. Steak. C. Potatoes.
9. Why does the woman avoid desserts?
A. She hates sweet food.
B. She dislikes the flavor.
C. She cares about her figure.
10. How does the man feel about the service?
A. He is dissatisfied. B. He is confident. C. He is curious.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. What color sweater does the man take?
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Black.
12. How much will the man pay?
A. $90. B. $100. C. $160.
13. How will the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With a mobile device.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Who once worked in an animal shelter?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The woman’s uncle.
15. What did the man do recently?
A. He went to visit a friend.
B. He attended an interview.
C. He called some animal keepers.
16. What does the woman think of the man’s job?
A. Very exciting. B. A bit difficult. C. Highly rewarding.
17. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A Take photos. B. Make a call. C. Write his story.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. What do we know about Gerry?
A. He is left homeless.
B. He is kind-hearted.
C. He lives by collecting waste.
19. What does the speaker say about the house?
A. It is costly. B. It is huge. C. It is moveable.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Importance of recycling resources.
B. A story of helping people in need.
C. Ways of raising money for charity.
第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Robots are known as the future of technology. Robotics technology has just landed in the workplace and there is a lot of work to do. Below we’ll discuss some of the best and most advanced robots ever made by humans.
Asimo
The primary focus of the robot is to help people. Asimo travels all around the world, making people aware how robots can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a soccer ball. The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Honda (Japan)
Sophia
It is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressions just like humans. Sophia is primarily designed for education, research and entertainment. It travels throughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.
Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong, China)
Atlas
Its body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and balance itself on diverse terrains (地形). The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but some favourite tasks are running, jumping and turnover movements. Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers and negotiating through diverse terrains.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
Spot
Spot is an animal robot, or say a dog robot, because it looks very similar to a dog. Spot can search around your office, home, playground etc. as a normal dog usually does. Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
1. Which of the following characterizes Asimo?
A. Its high speed. B. Its facial expressions.
C. Its language ability. D. Its communication skills.
2. Which robot is created by China?
A. Asimo. B. Sophia. C. Atlas. D. Spot.
3. What do Atlas and Spot have in common?
A. They can change their body shapes.
B. They can carry small packages.
C. They can help do some housework.
D. They can detect barriers around.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了目前人類發(fā)明的最先進(jìn)的四個(gè)機(jī)器人。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asimo”部分的“The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.(這個(gè)機(jī)器人可以用包括日語、漢語和英語在內(nèi)的三種語言和人類交流)”可知，這種機(jī)器人的與其他機(jī)器人的不同之處是它的語言能力，故選C 項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sophia”部分的“Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong, China)(由中國(guó)香港的漢森機(jī)器人公司制造)”可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器人由中國(guó)制造，故B 項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) “Atlas”部分的“Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers.(它的高級(jí)人工智能系統(tǒng)使得它能夠看見障礙物)”以及“Spot”部分的“Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.( Spot 有出色的了解你周圍的環(huán)境信息、感知障礙物、舉起包裹等功能)”可知，這兩個(gè)機(jī)器人的相同之處在于能探測(cè)周圍的障礙物，故選D 項(xiàng)。
B
A Malawian woman, Gloria Majiga-Kamoto, was recently awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize for Africa — the world’s leading award for grassroots environmental activists.
Gloria Majiga-Kamoto was then working for a local environmental organization with a program that gave goats to rural farmers, who would use the goat waste to produce low-cost, high-quality organic fertilizer (肥料). The problem? The thin plastic bags covering the Malawian countryside. “We have this very common street food, chiwaya, which is salty and served in little blue plastics,” Majiga-Kamoto says. “Goats eat the plastic for salty taste and they die because it blocks the ingestion (攝食) system.” For her, this was the moment when it all changed. All of a sudden, she started noticing how plastics were everywhere in the Malawian environment and food system-affecting people’s living and health.
“I remember back in the day when we’d go to the market and buy things like fish, you’d get it in newspapers,” the 30-year-old says. But thin plastics took off in the last decade or so as new producers sprung up in Malawi, selling products like thin plastic bags at cheap prices. In fact, the Malawian government decided to ban the importation, production and distribution of single-use plastic in 2015. But before the ban could go into full effect, Malawi’s plastics-producing industry appealed to the country’s High Court against the ban, causing it to be suspended.
When Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this, they were annoyed. She organized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban would hurt Malawi’s economy — and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Court ruled in favor of the ban. The following year, the government began closing down illegal plastic producers.
Michael Sutton, executive director of the Goldman Environmental Foundation, said, “Majiga-Kamoto’s fight with the plastic industry is a perfect example of the spirit of the prize.”
4. What made Majiga-Kamoto realize the problem?
A. Her experience with plastic-eating goats.
B. Her discovery of goat waste everywhere.
C. Her doubt about the safety of street food.
D. Her care for the farmers living in poverty.
5. What can we learn about Malawi?
A. It used to be extremely rich in fish.
B. It advocated using thin plastic bags.
C. It failed to ban single-use plastic at first.
D. It relied heavily on the plastic industry.
6. What was the purpose of Majiga-Kamoto’s acts in Paragraph 4?
A To put the ban into effect.
B. To support the government.
C. To back the plastic industry up.
D. To promote Malawi’s economy.
7. Which of the following best describes Majiga-Kamoto?
A. Humble. B. Generous. C. Patient. D. Committed.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了馬拉維女士Gloria Majiga Kamoto最近被授予高盛非洲環(huán)境獎(jiǎng)，這是世界上對(duì)草根環(huán)境活動(dòng)家的最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，并詳細(xì)講述了她對(duì)于馬拉維塑料禁令的頒布和執(zhí)行所作出的努力。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“‘Goats eat the plastic for salty taste and they die because it blocks the ingestion system.’ For her, this was the moment when it all changed. All of a sudden, she started noticing how plastics were everywhere in the Malawian environment and food system-affecting people’s living and health.(“山羊吃塑料是為了吃咸味，因?yàn)樗芰隙氯讼到y(tǒng)而死亡。”對(duì)她來說，這一刻一切都變了。突然間，她開始注意到塑料在馬拉維的環(huán)境和食品系統(tǒng)中無處不在，影響著人們的生活和健康)”可知，在了解到山羊因食用塑料而死亡的這一時(shí)刻，她意識(shí)到了馬拉維的環(huán)境和食品中的塑料問題。故選A項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“In fact, the Malawian government decided to ban the importation, production and distribution of single-use plastic in 2015. But before the ban could go into full effect, Malawi’s plastics-producing industry appealed to the country’s High Court against the ban, causing it to be suspended.(事實(shí)上，馬拉維政府在2015年就決定禁止進(jìn)口、生產(chǎn)和分銷一次性塑料。但在禁令全面生效之前，馬拉維的塑料生產(chǎn)行業(yè)向該國(guó)高等法院上訴反對(duì)禁令，導(dǎo)致禁令被暫停)”以及第四段內(nèi)容“Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Court ruled in favor of the ban. The following year, the government began closing down illegal plastic producers.(最終在2019年，馬拉維高等法院裁定支持該禁令。第二年，政府開始關(guān)閉非法塑料生產(chǎn)商)”可知，馬拉維政府曾在2015年決定頒布有關(guān)一次性塑料的禁令，但遭到了反對(duì)而被暫停，后在2020最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了相關(guān)禁令的推行。由此可知，它最初未能禁止一次性塑料。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“When Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this, they were annoyed. She organized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban would hurt Malawi’s economy — and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Court ruled in favor of the ban.(當(dāng)Majiga Kamoto和她的環(huán)保主義伙伴們聽到這件事時(shí)，他們很惱火。她組織了游行，拒絕了塑料行業(yè)有關(guān)禁令會(huì)損害馬拉維經(jīng)濟(jì)的說法，甚至在電視上與行業(yè)發(fā)言人進(jìn)行了辯論。最終，2019年，馬拉維高等法院裁定該禁令獲得了支持)”可知，Majiga Kamoto和她的環(huán)保主義伙伴們的行為最終促進(jìn)了馬拉維高等法院對(duì)該禁令的支持。由此推知，Majiga行為的目的是為了促進(jìn)該禁令的執(zhí)行。故選A項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“When Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this, they were annoyed. She organized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban would hurt Malawi’s economy—and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV. (當(dāng)Majiga Kamoto和她的環(huán)保主義伙伴們聽到這件事時(shí)，他們很惱火。她組織了游行，拒絕了塑料行業(yè)有關(guān)禁令會(huì)損害馬拉維經(jīng)濟(jì)的說法，甚至在電視上與行業(yè)發(fā)言人進(jìn)行了辯論。)”可知，Majiga為了“塑料禁令”的頒布和推行作出了非常多的努力。由此推知，她是一個(gè)盡心盡力的人。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Honeybees understand that “nothing” can be “something” that has numerical meaning, showing that they have a primitive grasp of the concept of zero, according to a newly-published study in Science.
Previous experiments have shown that honeybees have some facility for numbers, because they were able to count landmarks (地標(biāo)) as they searched around for a sweet reward. But in these tests, the insects couldn’t count very high-only to about four. Still, that made researchers in Australia and France want to explore what else the bees could do with numbers.
Scarlett Howard at RMIT University in Melbourne attracted bees to a wall where they were presented with two square cards. Each card had a different number of black symbols, such as dots or triangles. Howard trained one group of bees to understand that sugar water would always be located under the card with the least number of symbols. “They could come and see two circles versus (與. . . 相對(duì)) three circles, or four triangles versus one triangle,” she explains. The bees quickly learned to fly to the card with the fewest symbols,
But then they got another test, The researchers presented the bees with a card that had a single symbol and a blank card that had nothing on it. The bees seemed to understand that “zero” was less than one, because they flew toward the blank card more often than you’d expect if they were choosing at random. “When we showed them zero-versus six, they did that at a much higher level than zero versus one,” Howard says. “So what tells us is that they consider zero as an actual quantity along the number line.”
Aurore Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University of Toulouse, points out even very young children have trouble understanding that zero is a number. “It’s easy for them to count ‘one, two, three, four,’ but zero, it’s not something to count,” she explains. What’s more, the brains of bees are incredibly tiny brains compared with the brains of humans. Even so, the bees can understand the abstract concept of an empty set and she says she found that very surprising.
8. What did the earlier studies find about bees?
A. They could fly higher than expected.
B. They could understand some numbers.
C. They could remember a reward well.
D. They could explore local landmarks.
9. What did bees learn to do in Howard’s first test?
A. Distinguish circles from triangles.
B. Draw various symbols on the cards.
C. Identify the smaller of the two numbers.
D. Locate sugar water with symbol shapes.
10. Why did bees fly to the blank card more frequently?
A. They were told the location of the reward.
B. They chose to do it thoroughly by chance.
C. They preferred the card with nothing on it.
D. They thought of zero as an actual number.
11. Why are young children mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To argue that bees have a surprising memory.
B. To show that bees’ gift for numbers is amazing.
C. To explain that bees learn as well as young children.
D. To confirm that bees are smarter than young children.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇說明文。文章講述了研究者們通過一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)來測(cè)試蜜蜂對(duì)于數(shù)字的認(rèn)知能力，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜜蜂對(duì)于零的概念有一個(gè)基本的理解。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Previous experiments have shown that honeybees have some facility for numbers, because they were able to count landmarks (地標(biāo)) as they searched around for a sweet reward. ”（之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，蜜蜂對(duì)數(shù)字有一定的能力，因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谒奶帉ふ姨鹈鄣幕貓?bào)時(shí)，能夠數(shù)出地標(biāo)。）可知，之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂能夠理解一些數(shù)字。故選B。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The bees quickly learned to fly to the card with the fewest symbols,”（蜜蜂很快學(xué)會(huì)了飛向符號(hào)最少的卡片。）可知，在Howard的第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，蜜蜂學(xué)會(huì)了識(shí)別數(shù)量較少的那組符號(hào)。故選C。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“So what tells us is that they consider zero as an actual quantity along the number line.”（所以這告訴我們，它們把零看作數(shù)軸上的一個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)。）可知，蜜蜂更加頻繁地飛向那個(gè)空白的卡片是因?yàn)樗鼈儼蚜惝?dāng)作了一個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)。故選D。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aurore Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University of Toulouse, points out even very young children have trouble understanding that zero is a number. ”（圖盧茲大學(xué)的研究員Aurore Avargues-Weber指出，即使是很小的孩子也很難理解零是一個(gè)數(shù)字。）和“Even so, the bees can understand the abstract concept of an empty set and she says she found that very surprising.”（即便如此，蜜蜂也能理解空集的抽象概念，她說她發(fā)現(xiàn)這非常令人驚訝。）及全段內(nèi)容可知，作者提到小孩子對(duì)于零的理解能力，是為了顯示蜜蜂對(duì)于數(shù)字的認(rèn)知天賦令人驚訝。故選B。
D
Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (轉(zhuǎn)變) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (貨運(yùn)), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (納米級(jí)的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
12. What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Stop. B. Decrease. C. Continue. D. Disappear.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B. Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C. Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D. Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
14. What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean?
A. The application of solar power devices.
B. The method of identifying water elements.
C The invention. of the water transport system.
D. The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B. Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C. How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D. What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了清潔能源氫氣的開發(fā)和利用情況。
【12題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen(超過90%的交通燃料是以汽油為基礎(chǔ)的，但如果更多的車輛使用氫)”可知，如果使用氫氣的話溫室氣體排放量會(huì)“下降”。由此可知，劃線詞的意思是“下降”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely.(然而，氫并不被認(rèn)為是汽油作為汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)燃料的理想替代品，因?yàn)闅涓y安全儲(chǔ)存)”和“Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.(此外，為儲(chǔ)存、管道和燃料站尋找投資對(duì)許多國(guó)家來說仍然是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn))”可知，本段主要講了使用氫作為汽車燃料的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (納米級(jí)的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater.(值得慶幸的是，研究一直在進(jìn)步。納米薄膜被應(yīng)用于改善化學(xué)過程，以快速?gòu)暮Ｋ蝎@取氫氣)”可知，采用納米級(jí)薄膜技術(shù)使得從海洋中獲取氫氣更有效。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (轉(zhuǎn)變) and long-term decarbonization of transport.(引入電動(dòng)汽車（EV）和減少汽油使用是有幫助的，但零碳?xì)淇梢约涌旖煌ǖ霓D(zhuǎn)型和長(zhǎng)期脫碳)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了清潔能源氫氣的開發(fā)和利用情況。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“清潔能源氫準(zhǔn)備起飛”適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分, 滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about. ____16____
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____17____ Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!____18____ By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____19____
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet. ____20____ It’s best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection.
A. Treat others well.
B. Form a close bond with a friend.
C. Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”.
D. But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.
E. Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.
F. All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G. However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了養(yǎng)寵物給孩子們帶來的益處。
【16題詳解】
設(shè)空句在第一段段末，應(yīng)是具有承前啟后的作用。結(jié)合前文“Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about.(父母通常會(huì)考慮養(yǎng)寵物可能帶來的所有工作和責(zé)任。)”可知，主題為“允許孩子飼養(yǎng)寵物”，且后文“Teach responsibility.(教導(dǎo)責(zé)任。)”，“Encourage exercise.(鼓勵(lì)鍛煉。)”則講到了允許孩子飼養(yǎng)寵物的好處，因此，設(shè)空句既要包含主題，也要對(duì)后文起到引領(lǐng)的作用。選項(xiàng)G“However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.(然而，讓孩子們養(yǎng)寵物可以給你們倆上一些重要的課。)”貼合主題，與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，在句意上也引領(lǐng)了后文，符合分析。故選G項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.(讓你的孩子幫助滿足這些需求，讓他們有責(zé)任感，無論他們當(dāng)天是否愿意。)”中提及的“these needs”可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是提及了寵物們的需求。選項(xiàng)F“All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.(所有的寵物都需要喂食、飲用淡水和定期鍛煉。)”闡述了具體的需求，且“need”符合詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)原則。故選F項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
前文“If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!(如果你曾經(jīng)被迫跟上一只年幼的狗或貓，你就知道這有多累!)”提及“你”已經(jīng)知道飼養(yǎng)寵物的勞累，后文“By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.(通過鼓勵(lì)你的孩子和他或她的寵物一起玩耍，他們兩個(gè)都會(huì)得到所需的鍛煉，從而睡得安穩(wěn)，過上健康快樂的生活。)”則講到“你”可以利用這種“勞累”和“鍛煉”幫助孩子睡得好，且保持健康和快樂，由此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折句。選項(xiàng)D“But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.(但你可以利用寵物的能量)”為轉(zhuǎn)折句，在句意上“advantage”呼應(yīng)后文“sleep sound and live healthy and happy lives”，符合分析。故選D項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
設(shè)空為該段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是主旨句。根據(jù)后文關(guān)鍵詞“an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy for others(這是培養(yǎng)終身對(duì)他人的同理心必不可少的第一步)”，“Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.(學(xué)習(xí)如何與寵物成為好朋友，也會(huì)教會(huì)一個(gè)人如何對(duì)他人更加開放和友好。)”可知，該部分主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了飼養(yǎng)寵物有助于幫助孩子友好對(duì)待他人。選項(xiàng)A“Treat others well.(善待他人。)”貼合該段主旨。故選A項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Be practical.(實(shí)事求是。)”可知，該段強(qiáng)調(diào)飼養(yǎng)寵物的客觀事實(shí)，因此，設(shè)空句應(yīng)涉及“事實(shí)”，且對(duì)比前文講到的好處，那么設(shè)空句應(yīng)講到“不好”。選項(xiàng)E“Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.(此外，一些寵物對(duì)孩子也很有攻擊性。)”講述了寵物有可能具有攻擊性這一事實(shí)，符合分析。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I’ve had a string of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I planned to fix it myself but soon ____21____ the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the ____22____ thing happened to my daughter’s washing machine! This time I ____23____ called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond ____24____. I ended up having to ____25____ two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still ____26____ about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my ____27____ traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma ____28____ an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn’t have a spin dryer (甩干機(jī)) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to ____29____the water. When the washing was done, she’d often pat the machine ____30____. She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was ____31____ for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the ____32____ way. I was getting ____33____ in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of ____34____ and joys. And so do the good new days. What ____35____ is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
21. A. regretted B. remembered C. denied D. appreciated
22. A. usual B. same C. funny D. amazing
23. A. even B. still C. ever D. already
24. A. recognition B. control C. repair D. compare
25. A. sell B. order C. return D. fix
26. A. lied B. cared C. complained D. argued
27. A. memory B. dream C. doubt D. fear
28. A. covering B. decorating C. loading D. equipping
29. A. purify B. remove C. hold D. absorb
30. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. wildly D. lovingly
31. A. grateful B. eager C. sorry D. responsible
32. A. ideal B. proper C. wrong D. traditional
33. A. carried away B. caught up C. turned down D. taken over
34. A. purposes B. duties C. excuses D. struggles
35. A. matters B. remains C. works D. happens
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過自己的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，要對(duì)所擁有的一切心存感激，且重要的是我們?nèi)绾紊睿约拔覀兡軓闹袑W(xué)到什么。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我本打算自己修，但很快就明白了修理比買一個(gè)新的要貴。A. regretted遺憾；B. remembered記得；C. denied否認(rèn)；D. appreciated明白。根據(jù)下文“the repairs would cost more than a new one would(修理比買一個(gè)新的要貴得多)”可知，此處指作者很快“明白了”這個(gè)道理。故選D項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后這周同樣的事情發(fā)生在我女兒的洗衣機(jī)上！A. usual通常的；B. same相同的；C. funny有趣的；D. amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“my daughter’s washing machine(我女兒的洗衣機(jī))”可知，此處指“同樣的”事情發(fā)生在女兒的洗衣機(jī)上。故選B項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這次我甚至叫了一個(gè)朋友來幫忙。A. even甚至；B. still仍舊；C. ever曾經(jīng)；D. already已經(jīng)。根據(jù)下文“called a friend to help(叫朋友來幫忙)”可知，此處用程度副詞even表示“甚至”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，它又一次壞得無法修理。A. recognition承認(rèn)；B. control控制；C. repair修理；D. compare比較。分析句意再根據(jù)空格前的beyond可知，此處用repair，構(gòu)成固定短語beyond repair表示“無法修理”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后我不得不預(yù)定了兩個(gè)。A. sell賣；B. order預(yù)訂；C. return歸還；D. fix修理。根據(jù)上文第4題的分析可知，洗衣機(jī)壞得無法修理，所以不得不預(yù)定兩個(gè)新洗衣機(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然兩臺(tái)新機(jī)器都很快交付，但我仍然在抱怨我內(nèi)心所經(jīng)歷的一切。A. lied平躺；B. cared照料；C. complained抱怨；D. argued爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)下文“what I was going through in my heart(我心里所經(jīng)歷的一切)”可知，此處指“抱怨”所經(jīng)歷的一切。故選C項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我這樣做的時(shí)候，我的記憶回到了我小時(shí)候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔褲和襯衫裝進(jìn)一臺(tái)老式洗衣機(jī)里。A. memory記憶；B. dream夢(mèng)想；C. doubt懷疑；D. fear恐懼。分析句意再根據(jù)空格后的traveled back可知，此處指“記憶”回到了小時(shí)候。故選A項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. covering覆蓋；B. decorating裝飾；C. loading裝進(jìn)；D. equipping裝備。根據(jù)下文jeans and shirts可知，此處指把牛仔褲和襯衫“裝進(jìn)”洗衣機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：里面沒有烘干機(jī)，所以她必須把每件東西通過一對(duì)滾輪來去除水分。A. purify凈化；B. remove除去；C. hold抓住；D. absorb吸收。分析句意再根據(jù)空格后的the water可知，此處指用一對(duì)滾輪烘干衣服，即“除去”水分。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：洗完衣服后，她經(jīng)常親切地拍拍洗衣機(jī)。A. firmly牢固地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. wildly野生地；D. lovingly親切地。根據(jù)下文“She had grown up hand-washing clothes(她是手洗衣服長(zhǎng)大的)”可知，奶奶對(duì)洗衣機(jī)應(yīng)該是很愛護(hù)的，所以此處指“親切地”拍拍洗衣機(jī)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她從小就手洗衣服，很感激這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)為她做了這么多工作。A. grateful感激的；B. eager渴望的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)下文“the machine that did so much of the work for her(那臺(tái)替她干了很多活的機(jī)器)”可知，洗衣機(jī)干了很多活兒，所以此處指奶奶很“感激”這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：記住這一點(diǎn)，我意識(shí)到我看待問題的方式是錯(cuò)誤的。A. ideal理想的；B. proper合適的；C. wrong錯(cuò)誤的；D. traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“instead of being thankful for(而不是感激)”可知，此處指以一種“錯(cuò)誤的”方式看待問題。故選C項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我被現(xiàn)代生活的種種不便所困，而沒有對(duì)我所擁有的一切心存感激。A. carried away帶走；B. caught up困?。籆. turned down拒絕；D. taken over接管。分析句意再根據(jù)空格后的in可知，此處用固定短語caught up in表示“被困在”種種不便中。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過去的美好時(shí)光有艱難，也有歡樂。A. purposes目的；B. duties職責(zé)；C. excuses借口；D. struggles斗爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文第6題的分析和文章第二段中作者對(duì)小時(shí)候的回憶可知，過去的時(shí)光中有“艱難”也有快樂。故選D項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：重要的是我們?nèi)绾紊?，以及我們能從中學(xué)到什么。A. matters要緊，有關(guān)系；B. remains留下；C. works起作用；D. happens發(fā)生。分析句意再根據(jù)下文的“how we live(我們?nèi)绾紊?”可知，此處指“重要的是”我們?nèi)绾紊睢９蔬xA項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Smart cities may have their own unique objectives but ____36____ they have in common is an understanding that Internet of Things technologies can improve efficiency and quality of life.
Indeed, smart city apps have shown they can help a city contain the spread of a pandemic (大流行病), helping to turn the economy from decrease to ____37____ (grow). We have seen some smart city apps in many parts of China.
A popular payment app in China has developed a smart system which ____38____(call) the Health Code. It uses red yellow, or green symbols ____39____ (identify) whether a person is potentially a high- risk candidate. The smart system began as one of the functions of the payment app, a function which was ____40____(original) intended for the app’s staff in China, and later developed as a national standard function in some popular apps. Now the smart system, the Health Code, has a new function which ____41____ (indicate) whether a person can enter public places through analyzing the data ____42____ (collect) to see whether that person has had contact with those who have picked up a pandemic disease. The Health Code has avoided the need to over-tighten social distancing measures that could result ____43____ a huge economic loss while at the same time picking out possible infection ____44____ (case), and it’s managed to reduce infection rates in cities _____45_____ it has been used.
【答案】36. what
37. growth 38. is called
39. to identify
40. originally
41. indicates
42. collected
43. in 44. cases
45. where
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了中國(guó)開發(fā)的一款名為“健康碼”的智能系統(tǒng)。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞性從句。句意：智慧城市可能有自己獨(dú)特的目標(biāo)，但它們的共同點(diǎn)是都理解物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可以提高效率和生活質(zhì)量。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句中動(dòng)詞缺少賓語，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)，指代事物，作動(dòng)詞have的賓語。故填what。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：事實(shí)上，智能城市應(yīng)用程序已經(jīng)證明，它們可以幫助城市控制大流行的傳播，幫助經(jīng)濟(jì)從衰退轉(zhuǎn)向增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)前文from decrease to可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞growth(不可數(shù))作介詞的賓語。故填growth。
【38題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)一款流行的支付應(yīng)用開發(fā)了一款名為“健康碼”的智能系統(tǒng)。本句描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞call和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。定語從句中的主語which指代單數(shù)名詞，主謂一致，故填is called。
【39題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它使用紅色、黃色或綠色的符號(hào)來識(shí)別一個(gè)人是否是潛在的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)候選人。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，use sth to do sth是習(xí)慣用法。故填to identify。
【40題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：該智能系統(tǒng)最初是支付應(yīng)用程序的功能之一，該功能最初是為中國(guó)應(yīng)用程序的工作人員設(shè)計(jì)的，后來在一些流行的應(yīng)用程序中發(fā)展成為國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)功能。修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞。故填originally。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)在智能系統(tǒng)“健康碼”增加了一項(xiàng)新功能，即通過分析收集到的數(shù)據(jù)，判斷此人是否與傳染病患者有過接觸，從而判斷此人是否可以進(jìn)入公共場(chǎng)所。根據(jù)句意可知，本句描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。定語從句中的主語which指代單數(shù)名詞a new function，主謂一致，故填indicates。
【42題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：現(xiàn)在智能系統(tǒng)“健康碼”增加了一項(xiàng)新功能，即通過分析收集到的數(shù)據(jù)，判斷此人是否與傳染病患者有過接觸，從而判斷此人是否可以進(jìn)入公共場(chǎng)所。非謂語動(dòng)詞collect和前文名詞data之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞作后置定語。故填collected。
【43題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：《衛(wèi)生法典》避免了過度收緊可能導(dǎo)致巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的社會(huì)距離措施，同時(shí)挑選出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用該法典的城市的感染率。result in“導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填in。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：《衛(wèi)生法典》避免了過度收緊可能導(dǎo)致巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的社會(huì)距離措施，同時(shí)挑選出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用該法典的城市的感染率。根據(jù)句意可知，此處可數(shù)名詞case為復(fù)數(shù)概念，零冠詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指。故填cases。
【45題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：《衛(wèi)生法典》避免了過度收緊可能導(dǎo)致巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的社會(huì)距離措施，同時(shí)挑選出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用該法典的城市的感染率。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞為cities，關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華。你校開設(shè)了乒乓球培訓(xùn)班，請(qǐng)給來自加拿大的交換生Jeff寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)他一起參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 寫信目的;
2. 課程安排;
3. 報(bào)名方式。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jeff,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jeff,
To enrich our school life, a table tennis training class is opened in our school. I’m more than delighted to invite you to come and join us.
As scheduled, the class will last a semester, starting from March 3. There will be one class at 4 pm every Friday with a period of 45 minutes. Besides, the class is suitable for students of different levels. Anyone who is interested in it can sign up in Room 304 before Feb. 25. So don’t miss the deadline!
I do hope you can come and enjoy the charm of playing table tennis. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生用寫一封邀請(qǐng)信，邀請(qǐng)交換生Jeff參加乒乓球培訓(xùn)班，內(nèi)容包括：寫信目的、課程安排和報(bào)名方式。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興的：delighted → pleased
此外：besides → what’s more
學(xué)期：semester→term
不同的：different→ various
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I do hope you can come and enjoy the charm of playing table tennis.
拓展句：I do hope you can attend the class where you will enjoy the charm of playing table tennis.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Anyone who is interested in it can sign up in Room 304 before Feb. 25.（運(yùn)用了who引導(dǎo)的定語從句）
【高分句型2】As scheduled, the class will last a semester, starting from March 3. （運(yùn)用了省略句和非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語）
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段, 使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Sam, Wayne and Tim were three men in their 60s, jamming in the same dusty old garage where they used to play music when they were in high school. They chatted up after ages, remembering the school days when they would take to the stage and play together as a band.
Wayne looked around, wide-eyed. “It’s been more than 40 years since we practised here.”
“Yes! And remember how we promised to keep in touch and play together once a week?” Tim laughed. “Sam, remember our brilliant plans?”
“Ah yes! We thought we were inseparable! Now, look at us! Old and wrinkled, joints hurting, meeting at each other’s grandkids’ weddings… we’re terrible at keeping in touch, except Will, of course. He was always calling and messaging. Where is Will? He’s the guy who planned this,” Sam smiled.
Just then, the three men’s phones buzzed (嗡嗡地響), and the message they received made their hearts sink. It was a message from Jenny, Will’s wife. Wayne rushed to his car, and the others followed. A short drive later, the three men knocked on the door of Will’s house and tried to wait patiently.
Jenny looked almost unrecognizably pale and told them that Will was taking a nap. The medicines made him all weak. It moved the three men to tears to see their fourth band member in such poor health.
And that day, they found out the whole story of Will’s illness. Will’s heart condition was serious, and it had been worsening over the past few months. The doctor said only a surgery could help. But it was going to cost at least $15,000. And after all the previous treatments, Will and Jenny didn’t have that kind of money anymore. Jenny said the doctors had given Will 6 months, bursting into helpless tears. The three men comforted her and wiped their own tears. “Money isn’t an issue,” Sam said as an idea came to him.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
The next day the three men brought their instruments to the busy street corner.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Will was finally admitted to hospital three months later.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next day the three men brought their instruments to the busy street corner. They set up the sound, a stand with the band name “Playing for Will” and a big stack of flyers to hand out. The men stood there for hours, playing song after song from the golden era of music. They were still perfect together, except for Will’s soulful voice that was missing. Although they were very busy, they were very happy to think of collecting money for Will.
Will was finally admitted to hospital three months later. With enough money, they paid for Will’s life-saving surgery. The doctors were highly qualified and the surgery was very successful. Will soon recovered smoothly. Will and Jenny were very grateful to their three friends. After that, there was another jamming session at the same dusty old garage. Only this time, there weren’t just three happy old men reminiscing the old days; there were all four. It seemed like yesterday once more.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了一個(gè)原有四人的樂隊(duì)，隊(duì)員們都60多歲了。其中三個(gè)人Sam、Wayne和Tim得知Will生病了，并且沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)能力做康復(fù)手術(shù)。他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人想辦法，搞了演唱募捐活動(dòng)，救助Will的故事。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“第二天，三個(gè)人帶著他們的樂器來到繁忙的街角?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫三個(gè)人進(jìn)行募捐活動(dòng)。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“三個(gè)月后，Will終于住進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。”可知，第二段可描寫Will得到成功救助，他們又一起相聚。
2.續(xù)寫線索：設(shè)置場(chǎng)地——演唱——快樂——支付——康復(fù)——感謝
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①.設(shè)置：set up/put up
②.康復(fù)：recover/recure
情緒類
①.快樂：happy/delighted
②. 感謝：show their gratitude/be grateful
【點(diǎn)睛】
[高分句型1]. The men stood there for hours, playing song after song from the golden era of music. (運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
[高分句型2]. Although they were very busy, they were very happy to think of collecting money for Will. (由although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句及動(dòng)名詞作賓語)
聽力答案：1-5 BCAAC 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BABCB

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