技巧1 1.掌握獨特的時間狀語標(biāo)志
1.By abut 6，000 BC，peple ____________(discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
【解析】句意：大約在公元前6 000年，人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了最適宜種植的莊稼和最適宜飼養(yǎng)的牲畜?！癰y＋過去時間”意為“到……為止”，后面的句子用過去完成時。邏輯主語和提示詞之間表示主動邏輯。
【答案】had discvered
(1)題干中如有always，ften，seldm，smetimes，usually等，用一般現(xiàn)在時。
(2)題干中如有yesterday，last night，a few days ag，the ther day，then等，用一般過去時。
(3)題干中如有tmrrw，next year，in a week等，用一般將來時。
(4)題干中如有nw，at present，currently等，用現(xiàn)在進行時。
(5)題干中如有at that time，at six ’clck yesterday等，用過去進行時。
(6)題干中如有at this time tmrrw，frm 1 ’clck t 3 ’clck tmrrw等，用將來進行時。
(7)題干中如有since，s far，up t nw，in/ver/during the last year/past few years等，用現(xiàn)在完成時。
完成短文：
At first，Jack wasn’t fnd f studying and was addicted t cmputer games.Every time his mther__1________ t his rm，she fund that he _2_______________cmputer games.His father _3_________________him many times befre he went t middle schl，s he prmised that he __4________________hard and quit cmputer games.
It is amazing that Jack ___5_______________a lt in the past three years.Whenever asked abut Jack’s perfrmance at schl，his mther always ___6_______________prudly，“He_7_________________ prgress.”He __8________________preparatins fr the cllege entrance exams.
There is n dubt that Jack ___9_______________a gd cllege if he keeps wrking hard like this.Maybe in the near future he ____10______________in a key university.
技巧2 瞻前顧后找并列
1.The real reasn why prices ____________(be), and still are, t high is cmplex, and n shrt discussin can satisfactrily explain this prblem.
【解析】題干中沒有時間狀語，由并列連詞and后面的參照動詞“are”和“is”無法判斷出所填動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，價格以前很高，現(xiàn)在仍然很高，可知陳述的是過去的事實，故應(yīng)用一般過去時。
【答案】were
(1)可根據(jù)并列連詞and、but、r、rather than、、nt als...等前后的謂語動詞形式確定所填謂語動詞的時態(tài)；
(2)同一個主語連接兩個或兩個以上的并列謂語，謂語動詞時態(tài)要保持一致。
1. Albert Einstein was brn in 1879. As a child, few peple guessed that he____________(be) a famus scientist whse theries wuld change the wrld.
2.—Is Peter cming?
—N, he ____________(change) his mind after a phne call at the last minute.
3. (天津卷)When walking dwn the street, I came acrss David, whm I ____________(nt see) fr years.
技巧3固定句式要記牢
1 . It is the first time that I ____________(be) t Beijing.
【解析】句意：這是我第一次去北京。提示詞為be動詞，考慮設(shè)空處在從句中作謂語，并考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)；再根據(jù)固定句式“It is the first time that sb. has/have dne...”確定使用現(xiàn)在完成時。
【答案】have been
1.__________________________________ the key t learning a freign language well is nthing but practice.
人們普遍認(rèn)為學(xué)好一門外語的關(guān)鍵就是練習(xí)。
2. __________________________________ the temperature will decline sharply in ne r tw days.
據(jù)報告，近兩日氣溫將明顯下降。
技巧4把握邏輯關(guān)系，確定主動或被動
1.Ht pt restaurants can ____________(find) n pretty much every street in Chengdu, but the quality and taste can vary hugely.
【解析】動詞find和句子的主語Ht pt restaurants之間是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。
【答案】be fund
Xia Ming’s Cellphne
Xia Ming’s cellphne _1___________.I culdn’t get thrugh t him while the cellphne _2_________________.I wanted t infrm him that he __3_________________by the basketball club.
Cellphnes __4___________widely________nwadays.It seems that they ___5________________ s frequently that peple ____6_______________by them.Smene thinks that cellphnes ___7________________n sme ccasins.
Xia Ming’s cellphne ___8_______________well sn.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphne___9_______________hme and ___10________________again.
基礎(chǔ)夯實
考點一 一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時
1．一般現(xiàn)在時
(1)表示客觀事實或普遍真理(不受時態(tài)限制)。
◆Time and tide wait fr n man. 歲月不等人。
(2)表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時，多用系動詞或狀態(tài)動詞；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作時，多用動作動詞，且常與表頻率的時間狀語連用。
◆Ice feels cld.
冰摸起來很冷。
◆These ranges taste gd.
這些橘子味道很好。
◆They always care fr each ther and help each ther.
他們總是互相關(guān)心、互相幫助。
(3)表示按規(guī)定、時間表、計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作。
◆My dream schl starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m.
我理想中的學(xué)校上午8：30上課，下午3：30放學(xué)。
◆The shp clses at 11：00 p．m. every day.
這家商店每天晚上11點關(guān)門。
(4)在時間、條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。
◆I'll write t her when I have time.
我有時間就給她寫信。
◆If she cmes this afternn, we'll have a meeting.
如果她今天下午過來，我們就舉行會議。
2．一般過去時
(1)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過去的具體時間狀語連用，如yesterday、last mnth、just nw、the ther day、three days ag、in 1989等。
◆The ther day I came acrss an ld friend n the tp f Munt Tai.
前幾天，我在泰山頂上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。
◆When he was yung, he tk cld baths regularly.
他小時候經(jīng)常洗冷水澡。
◆I didn't expect t see yu studying at the library.
我沒想到會在圖書館里見到你。
(2)上下文語境中，暗含有表示過去的時間狀語時用一般過去時。
◆Gerge said that he wuld cme t schl t see me the next day, but he didn't.
喬治說他會在第二天來學(xué)?？次?，但是他沒有來。
(3)在時間、條件等狀語從句中常用一般過去時代替過去將來時。
◆He said he wuld tell her abut the news as sn as he met her.
他說他一見到她就把這個消息告訴她。
(4)表達(dá)“原以為、原希望”等意義時，knw、think、expect等動詞常用一般過去時。
◆Much t my disappintment, the film is nt as mving as I expected.
令我非常失望的是，這部電影沒有和我原本預(yù)料的一樣感人。
(5)常見句型：
①“It is (high) time that sb.did sth.”意為“是某人該做某事的時候了?！?br>◆It is high time that we tk actin t prtect ur envirnment.
是我們該采取措施保護環(huán)境的時候了。
②“It is/has been＋時間段＋ sth.意為“自從……做某事已經(jīng)……了?！?br>◆As far as I knw，it is/has been three years since he jined the army.
據(jù)我所知，他參軍三年了。
③“wuld/had rather sb.did sth.”意為“寧愿某人做某事”
◆I'd rather yu stayed at hme tday.
我寧愿你今天待在家里。
考點二 現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時與將來進行時
1．現(xiàn)在進行時
(1)表示說話時正在發(fā)生著的一個動作。
◆He is wrking n a paper.
他正在寫論文。
(2)表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是講話時正在進行的動作。
◆She is teaching English and learning Chinese.
她在教英語和學(xué)漢語。
(3)g、cme、leave、start、take ff、arrive at、run ut等位移動詞可用進行時代替將來時。
◆We are leaving fr Shanghai n Friday.
我們星期五動身去上海。
(4)與always、ften等頻度副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行為或某種感情色彩。
◆The girl is always talking alud in public.
這個女孩總是在公共場合大聲說話。
◆Her grup are always blaming each ther. It's awful, isn't it?
她的團隊總是互相指責(zé)。太可怕了，不是嗎？
[名師點津] 下面四類動詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進行時：
(1)表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞：like、lve、hate、care、remember、believe、want、mind、wish、agree、mean、need等；
(2)表示存在狀態(tài)的動詞：appear、exist、lie、remain、seem、belng t等；
(3)表示行為結(jié)果的動詞：allw、accept、permit、prmise、admit、cmplete等；
(4)表示感官的動詞：see、hear、ntice、feel、smell、sund、taste、lk等。
2．過去進行時
(1)過去進行時表示在過去某個時刻正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
◆He was reading an interesting bk this time yesterday.
昨天這個時候他正在讀一本有趣的書。
(2)表示過去一個動作發(fā)生時另外一個動作正在進行。
◆She was watching TV when a burglar brke int her huse.
當(dāng)盜賊闖入她家時她正在看電視。
(3)表示過去按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作，有此用法的動詞往往為位移動詞，如g、begin、leave、arrive、cme、return等。
◆I was cming t visit yu later that day, but I had t phne and cancel.
我本打算那天晚些時候去看你，但是我不得不打電話取消了。
3．將來進行時
表示將來某個時間正在進行的動作，或按預(yù)測將來會發(fā)生的事情。
◆This time next week I'll be lying n the beach, enjying the sunshine.
下星期這個時候，我正躺在海灘上，享受著陽光。
考點三 現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時
1．現(xiàn)在完成時
(1)表示動作發(fā)生在過去，截止到目前已經(jīng)完成或者對現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響。常見的時間狀語：
①表示“到目前為止”的短語：s far、by far、up t nw、till nw、by nw等；
②表示“最近的”副詞或者相關(guān)短語：lately、recently、in recent years等；
③表示“在過去……時間內(nèi)”的短語：during/in/ver the last(past) few years(mnths、weeks...)等；
④表示“自從”的短語：ever since、since ＋ 過去的時間。
◆I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beynd recgnitin.
自從薩拉很小的時候我就沒再見過她，她已經(jīng)變得認(rèn)不出來了。
◆He mved here in 2016 and he has lived here ever since.
他于2016年搬到這里，從那之后他一直住在這里。
(2)現(xiàn)在完成時還可以用在時間、條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時完成的動作。
◆Please return the bk t me when yu have finished it.
當(dāng)你讀完這本書時請把它歸還給我。
◆If yu have dne the experiment，yu will realize the thery better.
如果你做了這個實驗，你就會更好地理解這個理論。
(3)常見句型：
①“It is/has been＋時間段＋since...”意為“自從……已經(jīng)多久了”。
◆It is/has been ten years since I graduated frm the university.
我大學(xué)畢業(yè)已經(jīng)十年了。
②“This/It/That is the that...”意為“這/那是……第一/二/三/……次……”，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。
◆It is the first time that I have visited the city.
這是我第一次游覽這座城市。
③“This is＋the＋形容詞的最高級＋名詞＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。
◆This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
[名師點津] 注意避免思維定勢： “fr＋時間段”不一定是現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志。一定要看語境強調(diào)是“該動作發(fā)生在過去，和現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系”(一般過去時)，還是“該動作已經(jīng)做完多長時間或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在有一定影響”(現(xiàn)在完成時)。
◆Yang Zhenning lived in America fr many years and nw he lives in China.
楊振寧在美國生活多年，現(xiàn)在他生活在中國。
◆Dashan has lived in China fr many years.
大山已經(jīng)在中國居住了許多年。
2．過去完成時
(1)表示動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，截止到過去已經(jīng)完成。常見的時間狀語：by＋過去的時間(by the end f、by the time、until、befre、since后接表示過去某一時間的短語)。
◆By the end f last year, we had prduced 20，000 cars.
到去年年底，我們已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了兩萬輛汽車。
◆By the time Jack returned hme frm England，his sn had already graduated frm cllege.
杰克從英國回到家時，他的兒子已經(jīng)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。
(2)表示意向的動詞，如hpe、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppse 等，用過去完成時表示“原本……(事實上未能……)”。
◆We had planned t finish the wrk befre dark，but we were held up by a heavy rain.
我們原計劃天黑前完成工作，但被一場大雨耽擱了。
◆We had expected that yu wuld be able t win the match.
我們原本預(yù)料你們能夠贏得比賽。
(3)常見句型：
①“It was the that...”意為“這是第一/二……次……”
◆It was the secnd time that he had visited Beijing.
這是他第二次游覽北京。
②在“、n ”句型中，主句常用過去完成時，意為“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly、scarcely、n sner置于句首時，其后要用部分倒裝。
◆We had n sner been seated than the bus started.＝N sner had we been seated than the bus started.
我們剛坐下，公共汽車就開動了。
◆I had hardly pened the dr when he hit me.
＝Hardly had I pened the dr when he hit me.
我剛打開門，他就打了我。
3．現(xiàn)在完成進行時
(1)常用來表示開始于過去某個時間、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且會繼續(xù)進行下去的動作。
◆Fr days the kids have been lking fr thers we can help.
幾天以來，孩子們一直在找我們能夠幫助的其他人。
(2)表示到目前為止的一段時間里一直在反復(fù)進行的動作。
◆I have been calling him many times this mrning，but there's n answer.
今天早晨我給他打了很多次電話，但是沒人接。
考點四 一般將來時與過去將來時
1．一般將來時
(1)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)，常用will/shall＋動詞原形，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tmrrw、next week等。
◆We will have a meeting tmrrw.
明天我們要開會。
◆We will die withut air r water.
沒有空氣和水我們會死。
(2)be ging t d在口語中常用來表示已經(jīng)決定或安排要做的事、必然或很可能發(fā)生的事，也可用來表示自然現(xiàn)象。
◆Lk at the clud. It is ging t rain.
瞧那烏云，天要下雨了。
(3)be t d sth.表示按計劃或安排即將要做某事，或者按照職責(zé)、義務(wù)、規(guī)定等要做某事。
◆We are t bey these rules when we g int the library.
當(dāng)我們?nèi)D書館時，我們要遵守這些規(guī)章制度。
(4)be abut t d sth.表示即將要發(fā)生某事，該結(jié)構(gòu)通常不與具體的時間狀語連用。
◆The train is abut t leave.
火車即將發(fā)車。
2．過去將來時
過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間來預(yù)計以后要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，這種時態(tài)常用于賓語從句中，主句常用一般過去時。
◆He always said that he wuld study hard at that time.
他總是說他那時會努力學(xué)習(xí)。
考點五 動詞的被動語態(tài)
1．被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的運用
◆T my delight，I was chsen frm hundreds f applicants t attend the pening ceremny.
令我高興的是，我從成百上千的申請者中當(dāng)選來參加開幕儀式。
2．不能用被動語態(tài)的特殊動詞
(1)系動詞類(lk、seem、feel、taste、sund、prve、appear等)。
The fish smells gd. 這魚聞起來很香。
(2)表示主語特征的詞(read、wash、write、sell、wear、lck等)，常與nt、hardly、well、easily、badly、nicely等副詞連用。
◆These nvels wn't sell well. 這些小說不會暢銷。
◆My pen writes smthly. 我的鋼筆寫得很流暢。
◆The dr wn't lck.門鎖不上。
◆This kind f clth washes easily. 這種布料容易洗。
(3)不及物動詞短詞(break ut、turn ff、wrk ut、belng t、take place、cnsist f等)。
◆Great changes have taken place in ur city in the past ten years.
在過去的十年中我們的城市發(fā)生了很大變化。
◆The plan wrked ut successfully. 計劃成功地實施了。
◆The lamps n the wall turned ff. 墻上的燈熄滅了。
3．主動形式表示被動含義
(1)在need、want、require、deserve、bear等動詞，wrth等形容詞的后面，動詞-ing形式表示被動含義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。
◆The huse needs repairing/t be repaired.
這座房子需要修理。
(2)在某些“主語(人/物)＋be＋形容詞＋不定式”中不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。這些形容詞有nice、easy、fit、hard、difficult、imprtant、impssible、pleasant、interesting等。
◆The prblem is difficult t wrk ut.
這道題很難計算出來。
模擬演練
時態(tài)
一、單選
1.The cst f living recently _____ steadily because f epidemic f COVID-19, leading sme peple t drp ut f the big city race.
A. is climbing B. is being climbed
C. has been climbing D. has been climbed
2.The _________ expressin n her face shwed that she _________ her teacher's explanatin.
A.cnfusing; wuldn't quite understand
B.cnfused; hadn't quite understd
C.cnfusing; hadn't quite understd
D.cnfused; shuldn't quite understand
3.Our air-cnditiners sell well, but decades f years ag n ne culd have imagined such a big share in the market that they ________ .
A. were t haveB. were havingC. have hadD. had had
4.—I didn’t knw yu play the pian. It sunds wnderful!
—Thank yu! I ______ it when I wrked in the UK.
A. learn B. had learned C. have learned D. learned
5.I cmplained t the manager f the htel abut the pr service last night, but up t nw, I ______ his reply.
A. didn’t receive B. haven’t receivedC. wuldn’t receive D. wasn’t receiving
6.The pliceman’s attentin was suddenly caught by a small bx which _____ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being C. had beenD. wuld
7.The freign friends yu referred t _______ lking frward t _______ arund ur university.
A. are; being shwn B. being; being shwn
C. being; shwing D. are; be shwn
8.Great changes ________ in ShenZhen in the past few years.
A. were taken placeB. have taken place C. tk placeD. were happened
9.Lk! A vlunteer ________ an ld lady crss the street.
A. is helpingB. was helpingC.helpD.helped
10.He is the nly ne f the students wh ________elected.
A. areB. have beenC. has beenD. is being
11.A singer and dancer ________ present at the party.
A. wereB. wasC. hasD. have
12.The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ arund that level ever since.
A. are remainingB. has remainedC. have remainedD. is remaining
13.The building ________ since yu________.
A. has cnstructed; have leftB. cnstructed; left
C. has been cnstructed; leftD. has been cnstructed; have left
14.If yu study hard, yu________ mre ptins fr yur future.
A.hasB.haveC.hadD. will have
15.—Yu lk very tired. What's wrng with yu?
—Hw bad luck tday is! By the time I arrived at the airprt, the plane________.
A. leftB. was leavingC. has leftD. had left
二、語法填空
16.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Maverick Francisc Oya, a student at Western Mindana State University in the Philippines, ①_____ (make) news headlines arund the wrld after surprising his sister with a ne-f-a–kind prm(舞會) dress that he made ②_____ hand.
In early February, Maverick's sister, Lu Asey Keanna Oya, wanted t attend the upcming Prm. Unfrtunately, renting a dress was very expensive, and their parents ③_____ (simple) culdn't affrd it. Keanna was wrried abut it. Determined t make his sister's prm a ④_____ (memry) ne, Maverick decided t make her a unique princess dress ⑤_____ (he).
Maverick started watching YuTube tutrials(教程) and lking at Spring and Summer cllectins as ⑥_____ (inspire) fr Keanna's dress design. Finally, Maverick managed t turn the design he ⑦_(dá)____ (set) n paper int a reality. The blue dress he made fr his sister fit her beautifully.
And when Maverick psted ⑧_____ (pht) f the making - f prcess as well as the finished dress, alng with the stry f ⑨_____ it came t be, it went viral nline, first in the Philippines, and then all ver the wrld.
"It was a day ⑩_____ I will never frget because sleepless nights paid ff" Oya wrte n Facebk.
17. A simple badge(徽章) is playing an imprtant rle in helping lst senirs return hme. By scanning a QR cde n a plastic badge, anyne with a smartphne can reach the persn’s emergency cntact ①_____(immediate). "It’s efficient and ②_____(save) effrt," said Li Caliang, head f the Lei Feng plice statin in Fushun, Lianing prvince.
The idea came t Li and his ③_____(clleague) fur years ag when dealing with mre than 200 lst senirs in a year. Sme f the ld peple gt lst because they had illnesses such as memry ④_____(lse) r Alzheimer’s. They culdn’t tell their identity, address r phne number. Smetimes, the fficers had t spend hurs ⑤_____(try) t figure ut wh t call frm vague descriptins by the lst senirs. In sme cases, the lst senirs had t stay vernight at the statin befre their families ⑥_____(cntact). The number f lst senirs has drpped t arund 30 a year since ⑦_(dá)____ the plice develped came int use.
China has 264 millin ld peple, accunting ⑧_____ 18.7 percent f its ppulatin accrding t its seventh ppulatin census ⑨_____(cnduct) last year. Wang Jiajuan, ⑩_____ has lng fcused n imprving public services fr an aging sciety, says the innvative QR cde ID helps guarantee the travel safety f senirs.
語態(tài)
一、單選
1.If we use the new recycling methd, a large number f trees __________.
A. will be saved B. will save C. are saved D. have saved
2.The mment she ________ the winner f the English speech cmpetitin, she jumped with jy.
A. declaredB. is declaredC. declaresD. was declared
3.The authr's latest bk The Evening and The Mrning sld millins f cpies as sn as it______.
A. had publishedB. has been publishedC. was publishedD. published
4.With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f gd earth ______ each year.
A.is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
5.The manager fund that his ffice _________ the day befre.
A. had brken inB. has been brken int
C. had been brken intD. has been brken in
6.All his attentin________ n what the teacher was saying, s he even didn't ntice what was happening utside the classrm.
A. fixedB. was fixedC. was fixingD. has been fixed
7.On the last day f their week-lng stay Jhn, as well as his friends, ________ t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars.
A. invitedB. was invitedC. were invitedD. had been invited
8.In the past many years, the giant panda ________ ut f the lwland areas where it nce lived as a result f farming, defrestatin and ther develpment.
A. had been drivenB. has been drivenC. had drivenD. has driven
9.The quality f a prcessed fd largely ________ the raw material and the way it ________.
A. relies n; prcessesB. depends n; prcesses
C. decides n; is prcessedD. depends n; is prcessed
10.--Why dn’t yu ride yur bicycle tday?
--Oh, it brke dwn. It ______ nw.
A. is being repaired B. is repaired
C. was repaired D. will be repaired
11.___________ t cmpete in the Olympic Games fr the first time?
A. When d yu suppse wmen were allwed
B. When d yu suppse wmen allwed
C. When d yu suppse were wmen allwed
D. D yu suppse when wmen were allwed
12.After he retired frm ffice, Rgers _________ painting fr a while, but sn lst interest.
A. tk upB. saved upC. kept upD. drew up
13.—Can he get the first prize fr running in this sprts meeting?
—Impssible nw. He ______ t d s, but he hurt his leg yesterday.
A. is expectedB. had been expected
C. was expectedD. wuld expect
14.A great number f clleges and universities _____ since 1949.
A. has been establishB. have been established
C. have establishedD. had been established
15.Nw a lt f new technlgy can ________ prblems in industry.
A. be applied t slve B. be applied t slving
C. apply t slve D. apply t slving
二、語法填空
16. Years ag, a dcumentary series titled Masters in the Frbidden City ①_________(release) in China and sn became a ht tpic, bringing the prfessin f cultural relic(文物) restratin int the public sptlight. Given China's lng histry and rich cllectins, ②_________ takes years f experience and a deep understanding f histry t becme a qualified restrer. ③_________ backstage heres, many f them have devted their lives t prtecting cultural relics.
In the Hubei Prvincial Museum, Fang Gurng, 62, and Fang Chen, 32, jintly lift a 12-kilgram brnze bject, ④_________ attempt t restre a huge and ancient chime bell(編鐘). They bth wrk as relic restrers at the museum. The chime bell they are taking care f is the ⑤_________ (heavy) ne ever preserved there.
Fang Gurng has been engaged in restratin wrk fr ver 40 years. He enjys it, ⑥_________ (treasure) every tuch f the bells. Accrding t Fang Gurng, sme chime bells were thught t damaged t be restred. But ⑦_(dá)________ (frtunate) , digital technlgies like 3D scanning have been used ⑧_________ (preserve) them. "That's smething the lder generatin culdn't even dream f," he says.
Fang Chen began wrking in the museum in 2014. He has acquired new technlgies his elder wrkmates may find quite ⑨_________ (challenge). "The restratin wrk shuld als keep pace with advances in technlgy," says Fang Chen. "This desn't mean verturning traditinal methds. It's abut the ⑩_________ (cmbine) f ld and new methds. "
17.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填人1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Any cmmunity is cmpsed f ①_____（individual）.Naturally, it matters a great deal t ur cmmunities that we have a sense f respnsibility twards them.
Peple living in the same area shuld ②_____（cnsider）a grup under a duty t create a cmfrtable living envirnment fr the whle cmmunity. Reaching this gal ③_____（require）a sense f respnsibility amng all residents, which encurages them t start ④_____ small steps, such as t avid making excessive nise that disturbs their neighbrs. Mrever, a sense f cllective respnsibility amng us students cntributes t a warm and friendly atmsphere，⑤_____ we respect and help each ther. It will ⑥_____（ultimate）be cnstructive t ur academic and mral prgress. After we graduate frm cllege and get ⑦_(dá)____（emply）.we will find urselves in a new cmmunity made up f clleagues. A sense f cmmunity respnsibility, als ⑧_____（knw）as team spirit in the wrkplace, will be the key t frming ⑨_____ united grup twards a cmmn gal in clse cperatin with each ther.
In cnclusin, a sense f cmmunity respnsibility is wrth develping ⑩_____ it plays a significant rle in living, learning and wrking.
真題演練
【2022年】
1（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be)previusly unprtected,
2（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, and leaving behind precius natural assets(資產(chǎn))fr future generatins”.
3（2022新高考II卷）Henry __________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.
4（2022新高考II卷）He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly __________ (thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
5（2022年浙江卷1月）Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like frequently by plane ________（view） as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin.
6（2022年浙江卷1月）But Cbb and thers ________ （be） nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and ________（change） their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
7（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, rughly 200 academics —many f them climate scientists __________ （prmise） t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）We ________ quite enugh wrk fr the mrning; nw let's take a break.
A．have dneB．will dC．had dneD．were ding
2．（2021·天津卷）Currently, abut 35,000 wrks ________ in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.
A．were displayingB．a(chǎn)re displaying
C．were being displayedD．a(chǎn)re being displayed
3. （2021·全國甲卷語法填空）The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It ___41___ (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修復(fù)).
…….
We ___46___ (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate.
4. （2021·全國甲卷短文改錯） They kept very much t themselves. In my pinin, whenever in truble, we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mst.
5. （2021·全國1卷語法填空）What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it ____61____ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
6. （2021·浙江卷語法填空）It desn't impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin n the Ptmac, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springfield, Illinis, ___36___ （prve）irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public.
…….
When the huse was built, it was much smaller than it is tday. Mary's niece wrte, "The little hme ___40___ （paint）white.
【2020年】
1.（2020·新課標(biāo) = 1 \* ROMAN I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探測器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess 61． (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
2.（2020·新課標(biāo) = 1 \* ROMAN I卷）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 68． (cnstruct) .＂
3．（2020·新課標(biāo) = 2 \* ROMAN II卷）Actually, I start t learn kung fu when I was seven years ld, I have lng been ut f practice.
4．（2020·新課標(biāo) = 3 \* ROMAN III卷）The artist was sure he wuld63．(chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld nan laughed.
5．（2020·新課標(biāo) = 3 \* ROMAN III卷） 65（When/As） he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (pint) dwn the river.
6.（2020·浙江卷）And，as mre children were brn，mre fd 59．(need).
7.（2020·浙江卷）By abut 6000 BC，peple 61． (discver)the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
8.（2020·浙江卷）New methds 65． (mean)that fewer peple wrked in farming.
9.（2020·山東卷）The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, 38． (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum 39（which/that） pened in 1759.
10.（2020·山東卷）The parts f a museum pen t the public 40． (call) galleries r rms.
11．（2020·天津卷）—Yu are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lt these days.
A．have been practisingB．was practising
C．wuld practiseD．had practised
12．（2020·天津卷）The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ arund that level since.
A．a(chǎn)re remainingB．have remained C．is remainingD．has remained
13.（2020·江蘇卷）If yu lk at all sides f the situatin, yu’ll find prbably a slutin that ______ everyne.
A. suitB. suitedC. suitsD. has suited
14.（2020·江蘇卷）Instead f getting dwn t a new task as I _____, he examined the previus wrk again.
A. had expectedB. have expectedC. wuld expectD. expect
【2019年】
1.【2019·江蘇卷】 The musician alng with his band members ___________ ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
A. givesB. has givenC. have givenD. give
2.【2019·江蘇卷】A few mnths after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in lve with the peple and culture there.
A. wuld fallB. had fallenC. has fallenD. fell
3.【2019·江蘇卷】They are trying t make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 fr the Beijing Winer Olympics.
A. will installB. will have been installedC. are installedD. have been installed
4.【2019·天津卷】I ______ t send Peter a gift t cngratulate him n his marriage，but I culdn't manage it.
A. had hpedB. am hping
C. have hpedD. wuld hpe
5.【2019·天津卷】Amy, as well as her brthers, ____________ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
A. is givenB. are given
C. was givenD. were given
6.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷】 Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
7.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，prud Irene ___64___(declare) she had n plans __t retire__ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.
8.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) ver the years
9.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷】And the ther is that I wanted t help peple in need.
10.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷】Our hsts shared many f their experiences and___65___(recmmend)wnderful places t eat，shp，and visit. Fr breakfast，we were able t eat papaya(木瓜)and ther fruits frm their trees in the backyard.
11.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷】On the last day f ur week-lng stay，we 69 (invite)t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】—Hi, I’m Peter. Are yu new here? I haven’t seen yu arund?
—Hell, Peter. I’m Bb. I just _________ n Mnday.
A. start B. have started C. started D. had started
2.【2018·北京】 Susan had quit her well-paid jb and _________ as a vlunteer in the neighbrhd when I visited her last year.
A. is wrking B. was wrking C. has wrked D. had wrked
3.【2018·北京】China’s high-speed railways ________ frm 9,000 t 25,000 kilmeters in the past few years.
A. are grwing B. have grwn C. will grw D. had grwn
4.【2018·北京】A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh _________ in the muntains fr tw days.
A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped
5.【2018·天津】My washing machine ___________this week, s I have t wash my clthes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
6.【2018·江蘇】 Hpefully in 2025 we will n lnger be e-mailing each ther, fr we _______ mre cnvenient electrnic cmmunicatin tls by then.
A. have develped B. had develped
C. will have develped D. develped
7.【2018·江蘇】I was sent t the village last mnth t see hw the develpment plan _______ in the past tw years.
A. had been carried ut B. wuld be carried ut
C. is being carried ut D. has been carried ut
8.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷I】While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it 64 (be) mre effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling r swimming.
9.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷I】During my last winter hliday, I went t the cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.
9.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷II】Diets have changed in China — and s t has its tp crp. Since 2011,the cuntry ___61___（grw）mre crn than rice.
10.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷II】The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the gvernment ___68___ (start) a sil-testing prgram that/which gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns.
11.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷II】True t a grilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me n real harm.
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】I ________dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.
A. was driving B. have driven C. wuld drive D. drve
2.【2017·江蘇卷】He hurried hme, never nce lking back t see if he _______.
A. was being fllwed B. was fllwing
C. had been fllwed D. fllwed
3.【2017·江蘇卷】He’s been infrmed that he _______ fr the schlarship because f his academic backgrund.
A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified
C. desn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying
4.【2017·北京卷】 Peple______ better access t health care than they used t, and they’re living lnger as a result.
A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had
5.【2017·北京卷】 In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
6.【2017·北京卷】—______ that cmpany t see hw they think f ur prduct yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did yu call B. Have yu called
C. Will yu call D. Were yu calling
7.【2017· 江蘇】The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which _______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8.【2017·天津卷】 Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, _______ as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】Jack ________ in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.
A. wrksB. has wrkedC. was wrkingD. wuld wrk
2.【2016·北京】—Excuse me, which mvie are yu waiting fr?
—The new Star Wars. We ________ here fr mre than tw hurs.
A. waited B. wait C. wuld be waiting D. have been waiting
3.【2016·北京】 I ________ half f the English nvel, and I’ll try t finish it at the weekend.
A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read
4.【2016·北京】The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts ________ with success in the end.
A. rewarded B. were rewardedC. will reward D. will be rewarded
5.【2016·江蘇】Mre effrts, as reprted, ______in the years ahead t accelerate the supply-side structural refrm.
A.are madeB.will be madeC.are beingmadeD.have been made
6.【2016·江蘇】Dashan, wh_________crsstalk, the Chinese cmedic traditin, fr decades, wants t mix it upwith the Western stand-up traditin.
A.will be learning B. is learningC. had been learning D. has been learning
7.【2016·天津】When walking dwn the street, I came acrss David, when I _____ fr years.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wuldn’t see
8.【2016·浙江】Silk ______ ne f the primary gds traded alng the Silk Rad by abut 100 BC.
had becme B. was becming C. has becme D.is becming
學(xué)習(xí)評價：
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
時態(tài)
被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
一般現(xiàn)在時
am/is/are dne
一般過去時
was/were dne
一般將來時
shall/will be dne
現(xiàn)在進行時
am/is/are being dne
過去進行時
was/were being dne
現(xiàn)在完成時
have/has been dne
過去完成時
had been dne
將來完成時
shall/will have been dne

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