?四川省廣安市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷性考試
英語(yǔ)試題
第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié), 滿(mǎn)分30分）
第一節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿(mǎn)分7. 5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后, 你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Checking in. B. Buying a suitcase. C. Taking a taxi.
2. How will the man pay?
A. By cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
3. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To place an order. B. To tell her number. C. To inquire.
4. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Change his plan. B. Go shopping with her. C. Help her with Chinese.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The seniors’ happy life. B. Attitudes to the seniors. C. Differences between people.
第二節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿(mǎn)分22. 5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前, 你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題, 每小題5秒鐘; 聽(tīng)完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料, 回答第6、7題。
6. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister.
7. Why is there water on the floor?
A. There is a burst pipe. B. It is raining hard. C. The cup is broken.
聽(tīng)第7段材料, 回答第8、9題。
8. What do we know about Rob?
A. He has been in London. B. He used to write songs. C. He will interview Tina.
9. What will Tina do next week?
A. Prepare her school anniversary.
B. Attend the concert with Tina.
C. Introduce Rob to musicians.
聽(tīng)第8段材料, 回答第10至12題。
10. Why is Tom working late?
A. He expects to earn more.
B. He has to finish a project.
C. He'll take a long vacation.
11. How does Tom find his client?
A. Particular. B. Reasonable. C. Ambitious.
12. When is the deadline set by the two sides?
A. Tomorrow. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Friday.
聽(tīng)第9段材料, 回答第13至16題。
13. Which city is Mia's birthplace?
A. Chicago. B. London. C. Cambridge.
14. What did Mia do while in Cambridge?
A. A clerk. B. A nurse. C. A teacher.
15. What does Mia think of Chicago?
A. It's as crowded as London.
B. It's quite easy to live here.
C. It's unsafe to work here.
16. What's Mia's parents' attitude to moving back to Chicago?
A. Disapproving. B. Unclear. C. Skeptical.
聽(tīng)第10段材料, 回答第17至20題。
17. Which place will they go to before visiting Trafalgar Square?
A. The National Gallery. B. The London Eye. C. Westminster Abbey.
18. How long will they stay in the National Gallery?
A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C. One hour and a half.
19. Where are the listeners now?
A. On a bus. B. On a bridge. C. In a boat.
20. When will they finish the bus tour of London?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié), 滿(mǎn)分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題2分, 滿(mǎn)分30分）
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
With globally famous literary festivals, specialty bookshops and a rich cultural well to draw from, Toronto is a literature lover's dream.
Here are two festivals. When Word on the Street was first held in Toronto in 1990, it was designed to celebrate Canada's rich literary culture. Now it's become the largest festival in the country devoted to books and magazines. It's free for attendees. Of course, you have to pay if you buy books here. Then, the contemporary-literature-focused Toronto International Festival of Authors （TIFA） will come next month-each October. TIFA Kids takes place at the same time, making for a literary escape for the whole family.
How about specialty bookshops?
Flying Books is a bookstore, book publisher and writing school founded by book editor Martha
Sharpe. You can find Sharpe's selection of titles at The Good Neighbor Espresso Bar and the Gladstone House. Extend your literature experience from home with its virtual classes on criticism, journalism, memoir and more, taught by experienced Canadian authors.
Ben McNally Books （possibly the city's most beautiful bookstore） is in the east of the Financial District, whose owner is regularly on-site to assist you with recommendations.
Type Books across from green Trinity Bellwoods Park which is the perfect spot to read under the trees is co-owned by a former literature professor and best for general interest.
West end's Monkey's Paw, where you can find rare books, and unique finds, specializes in secondhand and ancient books.
Queen Books in Leslieville has an excellent kids' section where you can buy the latest children's books.
21. What do we know about Word on the Street?
A. It has grown gradually.
B. It is held each October.
C. It charges participants.
D. It is of TIFA origin.
22. What can Flying Books help you do?
A. Become a book editor faster.
B. Build up a personal library.
C. Get the free books from authors.
D. Improve your literary skills online.
23. Which bookstore will you go to find a good place to read after buying books?
A. Queen Books.
B. Ben McNally Books.
C. Type Books.
D. Monkey's Paw.
B
Ouarzazate is a desert town at the foot of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, Africa, which attracts
Hollywood and European film makers for its varied scenery and picture-perfect locations（位置）. Its Kasbah, with its red and brown mud houses and narrow streets, is one of these locations. It's been chosen by many US and British movie makers as a location for big-budget films such as Gladiators and Kingdom of Heaven.
The cinema has brought a lot to Ouarzazate, whose people may work as technicians, sound engineers or decorators, but they are mainly given unimportant roles as extras. Mbarka, her husband, and their five children have all appeared in Western films as extras. Mbarka has been in so many
Hollywood films over the past 20 years that she cannot remember most of them. She doesn't even know the name of the last one she appeared in.
“I was in the film for 15 days. My son, Azzedine, knows its name, ”said Mbarka. It's unnecessary to remember that. After all, it's not that she likes the industry, but that she makes a living from it.
Kingdom of Heaven, a $180 million US production, provided eight months of work for 2800
Ouarzazate people. "When the cinema comes here, people are happy, "said Azzedine who has appeared in movies since he was seven. When there's no movie in town, his mother sells sandwiches in the local market, but he doesn't seek any other job or go to school to improve his skills, not wanting to miss a film opportunity though he's not well paid. In fact, inexperienced Moroccan extras get as little as $15 per day. Still, the money isn't bad considering the average salary in Ouarzazate is about $6 a day. Those with experience earn more; they get about $24 per day or as much as $60. Inexperienced European extras, on the other hand, get about $40 per day. This has led to complaints of discrimination by some Ouarzazate people.
24. What can be learnt about Mbarka?
A. She is a senior extra.
B. She loves making films.
C. She's left show business.
D. She has been forgetful.
25. What does Azzedine do when there's no movie work?
A. He learns hard to be a real actor.
B. He always goes out to work.
C. He deliberately remains jobless.
D. He helps his mother in a market.
26. What's Ouarzazate people's attitude to the arrival of the foreign film industry?
A. Tolerant.
B. Favorable.
C. Unwilling.
D. Carefree.
27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To promote two big-budget films.
B. To introduce the extras' situations.
C. To recommend an African Hollywood.
D. To call for an end to pay discrimination.
C
Bus stops across the United Kingdom（UK） and Europe are getting living roofs. They are called bee bus stops.
Bees and other pollinators（傳粉者）like butterflies help grow plants, such as flowers, trees, and crops. When these insects visit flowers, they collect pollen-a yellow powder in the center of most flowers. Without bees or other insects bringing pollen from one flower to another, many plants couldn't produce seeds or grow fruits or vegetables. But as humans have taken over more and more land for cities, roads, and farms, more natural areas have disappeared. The Wildlife Trusts, a group which works to protect wildlife in the UK, says that insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970.
Then bee bus stops are born. The advertising company Clear Channel is working with the Wildlife Trusts and city governments to set up bee bus stops in cities across the UK. They are like ordinary bus shelters, but small gardens have been added to the roofs. The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies. Even though the gardens are small, together they add up to a much larger area.
Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy, especially when it rains, the bus shelters need to be sturdy. The rooftop gardens need to be cleaned about twice a year. But other than that, not much is needed to keep the gardens going. This summer was a little different, because of the extreme heat.
Clear Channel that already has similar bee bus stop programs in several countries in Europe is working with local governments to build at least 1, 000 bee bus stops in the UK. Research shows that these bus stops, along with many other steps taken to support pollinators, are helping. After decades of dropping numbers, bee populations in Europe have become more stable over the last few years.
28. What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning pollinators?
A. Their ways of life.
B. Their importance.
C. Their daily behavior.
D. Their living environment.
29. What are bee bus stops intended for?
A. Beautifying the crowded cities.
B. Offering insects islands of nature.
C. Introducing eco-friendly products.
D. Drawing attention to climate change.
30. What does the underlined word “sturdy" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Strong.
B. Large.
C. Clean.
D. Attractive.
31. Which of the following best describes the bee bus stop program?
A. Costly.
B. Controversial.
C. Demanding.
D. Successful.
D
For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren't as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There're several different blood types that don't all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells（干細(xì)胞） from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That'll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, they'll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new process doesn't indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it's successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions-even those with rare blood types.
32. What is special about the red blood cells in the experiment?
A. They're given by those with rare blood types.
B. They're collected from seriously ill patients.
C. They're specifically for a single blood type.
D. They've never existed in any human bodies.
33. What is the disadvantage of normal blood transfusion?
A. Blood reserves are often inadequate.
B. It often takes the patient a lot of time.
C. Most normal blood cells don't live long.
D. It's unfit for those with rare blood types.
34. What can be inferred about the new process of red blood cells?
A. It will have a long way to go.
B. It'll replace normal transfusions.
C. It will separate rare blood types.
D. It'll reduce blood research costs.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Blood Transfusions Get Easier
B. Rare Blood Types Are Not Rare
C. Rare Blood Cells Need Donating
D. Scientists Test Lab-created Blood
第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2分, 滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
A microscope is a scientific instrument that reveals objects which are normally too small for the human eyes to see. Microscopes use several lenses（鏡片） to provide a large image of a tiny object and they have been important in the study of biology.
__36 __. People noticed that single lenses could make objects larger and also that they could focus the sun's rays to start a fire. These early lenses were called burning glasses. This led to the development of eye-glasses or spectacles in the early 1300s.
In the late 1500s, two Dutch spectacle makers, Hans and Zaccharias Janssen, invented the first true microscope. __ 37 __, and they were surprised to discover that they could make objects look many times bigger. Galileo, an Italian scientist, improved the quality of the lenses to produce better quality microscopes and telescopes.
Anthony Leeuwenhoek（1632-1723） and Robert Hooke（1635-1703） were two early users of the microscope. __38__. Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures. Robert Hooke wrote a book Micrographia which described this new world of micro- organisms with drawings that amazed the world.
For two hundred years, there was little development of the microscope until new industrial techniques produced accurate and powerful lenses. __39__, so they were often inaccurate. In the early twentieth century, the USA and Germany produced powerful microscopes in large numbers for export around the world.
Nowadays, scientists still use microscopes that use light to see small objects such as cells and micro-organisms. __40__. These electron microscopes have a magnification（放大） of a million times and now we can see molecules（分子）and atoms.
A. They used several lenses together in a tube
B. Microscopes were expensive in their early days
C. Before this time, people made the lenses by hand
D. They made many important discoveries for mankind by using it
E. The word microscope comes from the New Latin word microscopium
F. But they also have so powerful microscopes that use a different technology
G. The discovery of glass over 2000 years ago led to early experiments with lenses
第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié), 滿(mǎn)分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿(mǎn)分30分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Fritz Sam was driving his Uber car when he picked up Jemimah Wei, who was on her way to LaGuardia Airport. __41__Brooklyn's Bed-Stuy neighborhood, Fritz saw a building on fire.
He asked Jemimah if she'd mind him pulling over to check it out. With Jemimah's__42__, he went out to help.
Outside of the building a crowd had __43 __, and Fritz joined them in calling for the people inside to come out. And when someone said two people were __44 __inside, he was faced with the __45__ of staying safe out on the sidewalk or running into the __46__ building to help those that remained.
Fritz chose the latter. He __47 __entered the smoke-filled building and went up the stairs. Then, he met one man who said he would __48__the instant he picked up something __49__ . So Fritz made a mental note that he'd __50 __the man before heading out of the building. Going up another set of stairs, he __51__a woman who was too__52__ to move. He hurried forward to __53__her and headed downstairs. Before heading out himself, Fritz listened for the man he'd __54__seen. When he heard movement down the stairs, he ran back and rushed the man to the __55__Back inside the car, Fritz got Jemimah to the __56__ , and all in time to catch her flight. When landing, she __57 __photos of the burning building on a social networking website to __58 __her Uber hero. Jemimah's thread caught the __59__ of millions, making him so popular. Because of his __60__Uber has decided to cover his vehicle rental fees for a year.
41. A. Driving through B. Looking for C. Talking about D. Moving around
42. A. payment B. direction C. permission D. urgency
43. A. hesitated B. gathered C. passed D. moved
44. A. still B. already C. even D. once
45. A. comparison B. comment C. sacrifice D. decision
46. A. strange B. crowded C. dangerous D. quiet
47. A. randomly B. quickly C. finally D. patiently
48. A. leave B. shout C. return D. relax
49. A. extra B. valuable C. safe D. large
50. A. communicate with B. depend on C. agree with D. check on
51. A. remembered B. stopped C. saw D. chose
52. A. angry B. embarrassed C. regretful D. frightened
53. A. impress B. support C. convince D. control
54. A. previously B. frequently C. eventually D. secretly
55. A. center B. space C. front D. entrance
56. A. border B. harbor C. airport D. station
57. A. developed B. posted C. found D. selected
58. A. confirm B. surprise C. comfort D. praise
59. A. attention B. attraction C. adaptation D. explanation
60. A. desire B. talent C. bravery D. responsibility
第二節(jié)（共10小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Japanese branch of the Chinese Literature Readers' Club was established at the China Cultural Center in Tokyo __61__ September, 2022.
The event had Chinese sci-fi writers Wang Jinkang, Bao Shu, and Qi Yue, alongside Japanese sci-fi writer Taiyo Fujii and Nozomi Oomori, the Japanese__ 62 __（translate） of Liu Cixin's The Three- Body Problem, as guest speakers to talk about their sci-fi creations__63__ the development trend of sci-fi.
Shi Yongjing, cultural counselor（參贊）at the Chinese embassy in Japan, said that “both China and Japan have a long history of translating each__64 __（other） cultural works”. The club will provide a new platform for Japanese readers__ 65 __（learn） about contemporary China, she said.
During the event, __66__ ran for more than two hours, three Chinese writers shared stories about how they became sci-fi writers. __67 __（start） from Chinese writer Lao She's Cat Country, Japanese guest speakers talked about their __68 __（joy） experiences of reading Chinese science fiction. For them, Chinese sci-fi literature __69 __（develop） quickly in the last 10 years, and works like The Three- Body Problem have attracted many Japanese readers.
In recent years, on average, China has __70__（annual） published more than 500 sci-fi novels. In 2023, Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan province will host the 81st World Science Fiction Convention.
第四部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié), 滿(mǎn)分35分）
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題; 每小題1分, 滿(mǎn)分10分）
假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤, 每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加: 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（ ）, 并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（＼）劃掉。
修改: 在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn), 并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處, 多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
My uncle and his family are living in Florida, America. Last summer, my mother and I flew see them from China. During the time, my uncle took us to many places. We visit the zoo at Dreher Park. There, we saw the number of animals. I real enjoyed the monkeys that made face at us. We went to the Florida Science Museum where there're many interested collections. We even enjoyed windsurfing at West Palm Beach, which it was extremely amazing! To my delighted, I made a new friend who is a high school student like me and live next door to my uncle. Now they often send emails to each other to exchange our learning methods.
第二節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分25分）
假定你是學(xué)校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部負(fù)責(zé)人, 你們邀請(qǐng)校友李華到校以“我的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷”為主題給高三學(xué)生做英語(yǔ)勵(lì)志演講（English Inspirational Speech）, 請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則書(shū)面通知, 內(nèi)容包括:
1. 時(shí)間地點(diǎn);
2. 活動(dòng)安排;
3. 表達(dá)希望。
注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右; 通知格式已為你寫(xiě)好;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫。
Boys and girls,
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The English Club
【答案解析】
第一部分聽(tīng)力
1-5 CBCAB 6-10 BAACB 11-15 ACACB 16-20 ACBAB
第二部分 閱讀理解
第一節(jié)
A
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于非連續(xù)類(lèi)文本閱讀。介紹了加拿大多倫多的文學(xué)節(jié)和特色書(shū)店。
21. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)第二段 When Word on the Street was first held in Toronto in 1990, it was designed to celebrate Canada's rich literary culture. Now it's become the largest festival in the country devoted to books and magazines 可知, 該節(jié)日已經(jīng)逐漸壯大。
22. 【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù) Flying Books 中的 Extend your literature experience from home with its virtual classes on criticism, journalism, memoir and more, taught by experienced Canadian authors信息可知, 該書(shū)店可以提供線(xiàn)上文學(xué)課程。
23. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)Type Books中的 Type Books across from green Trinity Bellwoods Park which is the perfect spot to read under the trees is. . . 信息可知, 在該書(shū)店購(gòu)書(shū)后, 可以在書(shū)店對(duì)面的公園 Trinity Bellwoods Park里舒適地看書(shū)。
B
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文。瓦爾扎扎特（Ouarzazate）被稱(chēng)為沙漠中的“非洲好萊塢”。本文主要介紹了瓦爾扎扎特臨時(shí)演員的酸甜苦辣。
24. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)第二段Mbarka has been in so many Hollywood films over the past 20 years that she cannot remember most of them 信息可知, Mbarka是一位資深臨時(shí)演員。
25. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)第四段 When there’s no movie in town. . . but he doesn’t seek any other job or go to school to improve his skills, not wanting to miss a film opportunity though he's not well paid 信息可知, 如果城里沒(méi)有電影可拍, 他也不找其他工作, 因?yàn)樗幌脲e(cuò)過(guò)一個(gè)拍電影的機(jī)會(huì)。
26. 【答案】B
【解析】 根據(jù)第二段 The cinema has brought a lot to Ouarzazate, whose people may work as technicians, sound engineers or decorators, 第三段 After all, it’s not that she likes the industry, but that she makes a living from it, 以及第四段 When the cinema comes here, people are happy 和 Still, the money isn’t bad considering the average salary in Ouarzazate is about ＄6 a day信息可知, 瓦爾扎扎特對(duì)電影公司的到來(lái)是持歡迎態(tài)度的。
27. 【答案】B
【解析】 本文主要以Mbarka及其兒子Azzedine為主線(xiàn), 介紹了“非洲好萊塢”瓦爾扎扎特城中臨時(shí)演員的境況。
C
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。為了幫助蜜蜂和蝴蝶等重要昆蟲(chóng), 英國(guó)建立了“蜜蜂巴士站”: 在車(chē)站亭頂上增加了小花園, 花園里種滿(mǎn)了用來(lái)吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶等昆蟲(chóng)的花草。
28. 【答案】B
【解析】 第二段主要談到: 蜜蜂和其他傳粉者幫助植物生長(zhǎng), 如花卉、樹(shù)木和農(nóng)作物。如果沒(méi)有蜜蜂或其他昆蟲(chóng)將花粉從一朵花帶到另一朵花, 許多植物就無(wú)法產(chǎn)生種子, 也無(wú)法產(chǎn)生水果或蔬菜。因此, 本段主要在談傳粉者的重要性。
29. 【答案】B
【解析】 根據(jù)第三段 The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies 信息可知, 這些小花園給昆蟲(chóng)提供了一種自然環(huán)境。
30. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)前面 Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy, especially when it rains信息可知, 車(chē)亭上的花園中的泥土很重, 因此, 車(chē)亭必須堅(jiān)固。
31. 【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù)最后一段. . . these bus stops, along with many other steps taken to support pollinators, are helping. After decades of dropping numbers, bee populations in Europe have become more stable 信息可知, “蜜蜂巴士站”項(xiàng)目是成功的。
D
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。英國(guó)科學(xué)家首次在人體志愿者身上測(cè)試人造血液-實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的紅細(xì)胞。如果實(shí)驗(yàn)成功, 該方法將使為需要血液的人, 尤其是罕見(jiàn)血型的人, 提供血液變得更加容易。
32. 【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù)第二段 For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers 信息可知, 科學(xué)家實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用的是人造紅細(xì)胞。
33. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)第三段 Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer 信息可知, 常規(guī)血液中有不同年齡的紅細(xì)胞, 這意味著只有一小部分是全新的, 因此, 大部分紅細(xì)胞生存時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)。
34. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)最后一段. . . growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done 信息可知, 人造紅細(xì)胞的真正運(yùn)用還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。
35. 【答案】D
【解析】 本文主要談了: 英國(guó)科學(xué)家在志愿者身上測(cè)試他們?cè)趯?shí)驗(yàn)室人工制造的紅細(xì)胞的實(shí)效。因此, D項(xiàng)涵蓋了本文大意。
第二節(jié)
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于描述類(lèi)說(shuō)明文。介紹了顯微鏡的發(fā)展歷史。
36. 【答案】G
【解析】 本段談到: 人們注意到單透鏡可以使物體變大, 還可以聚焦太陽(yáng)光來(lái)生火, 這些早期的鏡片被稱(chēng)為灼燒鏡, 這導(dǎo)致了14世紀(jì)早期眼鏡的發(fā)展。由此可知, 本段主要在談: 早期的鏡片實(shí)驗(yàn)。
37. 【答案】A
【解析】 本段段首句談到: 在16世紀(jì)晚期, 兩位荷蘭眼鏡制造商發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)真正的顯微鏡。本空后面談到: 他們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)它們可以使物體看起來(lái)大很多倍。因此, 本空應(yīng)該在談: 他們是如何發(fā)現(xiàn)鏡片能夠放大物體, 并發(fā)明第一臺(tái)顯微鏡的。
38. 【答案】D
【解析】 本空前面談到了顯微鏡的兩位早期使用者。本空后面介紹了他們利用顯微鏡的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此, 本空應(yīng)該在談他們利用顯微鏡取得了重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。
39. 【答案】C
【解析】 本段段首句談到: 200年來(lái), 顯微鏡幾乎沒(méi)有發(fā)展, 直到新的工業(yè)技術(shù)生產(chǎn)出精確和強(qiáng)大的鏡頭。本空后半句談到顯微鏡往往不準(zhǔn)確。因此, 本空應(yīng)該在談: 這200年里, 人們是如何制作顯微鏡的, 才導(dǎo)致顯微鏡不準(zhǔn)確。
40. 【答案】F
【解析】 本空前面談到: 如今, 科學(xué)家們?nèi)栽谑褂蔑@微鏡, 利用光來(lái)觀(guān)察像細(xì)胞和微生物這樣的小物體。本空后面談到: 這些電子顯微鏡放大了一百萬(wàn)倍, 現(xiàn)在我們可以看到分子和原子。因此, 本空應(yīng)該與前句有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 起到承上啟下的作用。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用
第一節(jié)
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。弗里茨·薩姆（Fritz Sam）是一名優(yōu)步司機(jī)。他開(kāi)著他的優(yōu)步車(chē)送杰邁瑪·魏（Jemimah Wei）去拉瓜迪亞機(jī)場(chǎng), 在經(jīng)過(guò)布魯克林的Bed-Stuy社區(qū)時(shí), 他看到一棟大樓著火了。他果斷停車(chē), 不顧危險(xiǎn)上樓救下了兩人。
41. 【答案】A
【解析】 前文談到弗里茨送顧客去拉瓜迪亞機(jī)場(chǎng), 因此, 這里應(yīng)該指: 他們?cè)诮?jīng)過(guò)Bed-Stuy 社區(qū)時(shí), 他看見(jiàn)一棟樓著火了。drive through開(kāi)車(chē)經(jīng)過(guò); look for尋找; talk about 談?wù)? move around繞······轉(zhuǎn)。
42. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)前文信息可知, 這里指弗里茨得到了乘客杰邁瑪?shù)脑试S。payment付款; direction 指導(dǎo); permission允許; urgency緊急情況。
43. 【答案】B
【解析】 前文談到: 大樓著火了。因此, 這里在談: 弗里茨從車(chē)上出來(lái)到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的時(shí)候, 大樓外面已經(jīng)聚集了一群人。hesitate 猶豫; gather聚集; pass經(jīng)過(guò); move移動(dòng)。
44. 【答案】A
【解析】 前文談到: 弗里茨和那一群人一起呼喊樓里面的人趕快出來(lái)。本句在談: 有人說(shuō): 有兩個(gè)人還在樓里。still仍然; already已經(jīng); even甚至; once曾經(jīng)。
45. 【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù)后文Fritz chose the latter 信息可知, 這里指弗里茨面臨著一個(gè)決定: 是在人行道上安全待著, 還是跑進(jìn)樓去救人。comparison 比較; comment 評(píng)論; sacrifice 犧牲; decision 決定。
46. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)前文Fritz saw a building on fire信息可知, 這里在談: 這時(shí)的大樓已經(jīng)很危險(xiǎn)了。strange陌生的; crowded擁擠的; dangerous危險(xiǎn)的; quiet安靜的。
47. 【答案】B
【解析】 既然大樓已經(jīng)著火, 要進(jìn)去救人, 講究的是速度。因此, 這里指弗里茨快速進(jìn)入大 樓。randomly胡亂地; quickly快速地; finally終于; patiently耐心地。
48. 【答案】A
【解析】 弗里茨上樓就是喊里面的人盡快離開(kāi), 因此, 這里在談: 他遇見(jiàn)的這個(gè)人跟他說(shuō): 他收拾點(diǎn)東西馬上就走。leave離開(kāi); shout喊叫; return 回去; relax放松。
49. 【答案】B
【解析】 在大樓著火的情況下, 此人還要收拾東西, 說(shuō)明這些東西應(yīng)該很珍貴。extra額外的; valuable貴重的; safe安全的; large大的。
50. 【答案】D
【解析】 看到此人還在收拾東西, 因?yàn)檫€要救另外的人, 所以, 弗里茨在心里記著在離開(kāi)大 樓前還要去查看一下那個(gè)人。communicate with與······交流; depend on 依賴(lài); agree with同意; check on檢查; 查看。
51. 【答案】C
【解析】 上文談到: 大樓里還有兩人。因此, 這里指: 走上另一層樓梯時(shí), 弗里茨看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女 士。remember記起; stop 停止; see看見(jiàn); choose選擇。
52. 【答案】D
【解析】 大樓著火, 這位女士嚇得動(dòng)彈不得。angry憤怒的; embarrassed尷尬的; regretful 后悔的; frightened 害怕的。
53. 【答案】B
【解析】 根據(jù)前文a woman who was too. . . to move信息可知, 這位女士嚇得動(dòng)彈不得, 因此, 這里指: 他急忙上前扶著她, 朝樓下走去。impress給······印象; support扶助; 支撐; convince使······信服; control控制。
54. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)前文 So Fritz made a mental note that he’d. . . the man before heading out of the building 信息可知, 這里指: 弗里茨在自己走出大樓之前, 他側(cè)身聽(tīng)他之前看到的那個(gè)人 的聲音（看他是否下樓了）。previously之前; frequently 經(jīng)常; eventually 最終; secretly秘 密地。
55. 【答案】D
【解析】 當(dāng)弗里茨聽(tīng)到有人下樓的動(dòng)靜時(shí), 他跑回去, 將那個(gè)人快速帶到大樓門(mén)口。center中心; space空間; front前面; entrance門(mén)口。
56. 【答案】C
【解析】 根據(jù)前文 he picked up Jemimah Wei, who was on her way to LaGuardia Airport信息可知, 這里指: 弗里茨把杰邁瑪送到了機(jī)場(chǎng), 剛好趕上她的航班。border邊界; harbor港口; airport機(jī)場(chǎng); station 車(chē)站。
57. 【答案】B
【解析】 根據(jù)后文 Jemimah’s thread caught the. . . of millions 信息可知, 這里指杰邁瑪在社交網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布了著火大樓的照片。develop沖洗; post發(fā)布; find找到; select選擇。
58. 【答案】D
【解析】 根據(jù)本空后面 her Uber hero 信息可知, 這里指杰邁瑪稱(chēng)贊她的優(yōu)步英雄。confirm 確認(rèn); surprise 使······吃驚; comfort安慰; praise表?yè)P(yáng); 稱(chēng)贊。
59. 【答案】A
【解析】 根據(jù)本句中 making him so popular 信息可知, 這里指: 杰邁瑪?shù)奶游藬?shù)百 萬(wàn)人的注意。attention關(guān)注; attraction 吸引力; adaptation 適應(yīng); explanation 解釋。
60. 【答案】C
【解析】 弗里茨不顧自身安危, 勇救兩人, 這是一種勇敢行為。因此, 這里指: 由于弗里茨的勇敢, 優(yōu)步公司決定為他支付一年的租車(chē)費(fèi)用。desire愿望; talent才能; bravery勇敢; responsibility 責(zé)任。
第二節(jié)
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于新聞報(bào)道。中國(guó)文學(xué)讀書(shū)會(huì)日本分會(huì)于2022年9月在東京中國(guó)文化中心成立。該分會(huì)的成立, 將為日本讀者了解當(dāng)代中國(guó)提供一個(gè)新的平臺(tái), 進(jìn)而促進(jìn)兩國(guó)文化交流。
61. 【答案】in
【解析】 在某年某月, 要用介詞in。
62. 【答案】translator
【解析】 根據(jù)本句中 as guest speakers to talk about. . . 信息可知, 這里應(yīng)填表示“人”的名詞, 表示: 劉慈欣科幻小說(shuō)《三體》的日本翻譯。
63. 【答案】and
【解析】 本空前面是名詞詞組 their sci-fi creations, 本空后面是名詞詞組 the development trend of sci-fi, 從結(jié)構(gòu)上看, 它們都作about的賓語(yǔ); 從意義上看, 它們是并列關(guān)系, 因此, 這里要用and連接這兩個(gè)名詞詞組。
64. 【答案】other’s
【解析】 從句意來(lái)看, 這里在談: 中日兩國(guó)都有相互翻譯對(duì)方的文化作品的悠久歷史。each other’s表示“相互的······”。
65. 【答案】to learn
【解析】 從句意來(lái)看, 這里用不定式表示目的。句意: 分會(huì)的成立將為日本讀者了解當(dāng)代中國(guó)提供一個(gè)新的平臺(tái)。
66. 【答案】which
【解析】 本空所在句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)了, 而且本句的主體句是three Chinese writers shared stories. . . , 應(yīng)該考慮本空所在句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。本空位于主語(yǔ)位置上, 先行詞是the event, 因此, 這里要填which。
67. 【答案】Starting
【解析】 本空所在句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞talked about, 且本空前面沒(méi)有主語(yǔ), 因此, 這里的 start要作為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用。該動(dòng)作是由Japanese guest speakers 發(fā)出的, 所以這里要填其現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
68. 【答案】joyful/enjoyable
【解析】 本空后面是名詞experiences, 前面是物主代詞their, 因此, 這里要填形容詞, 修飾名詞。
69. 【答案】has developed
【解析】 本句有 in the last 10 years時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 是使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志。
70. 【答案】annually
【解析】 本空在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞published之前, 再結(jié)合句意, 這里應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞, 表示: 近年來(lái), 中國(guó)平均每年出版500多部科幻小說(shuō)。
第四部分 寫(xiě)作
第一節(jié)

71. 【答案】在flew后面加 to
【解析】 根據(jù)句意, 這里指“我們乘飛機(jī)去看他們”, 因此, 這里要用不定式表目的。
72. 【答案】visit→visited
【解析】 本文談的是去年夏天的事情, 因此, 要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
73. 【答案】the→a
【解析】 a number of 表示“許多”; the number of表示“······的數(shù)量”。
74. 【答案】real→really
【解析】 該處后面是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞enjoyed, 因此, 這里要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。
75. 【答案】face→faces
【解析】 make faces表示“做鬼臉”。
76. 【答案】interested→interesting
【解析】 interested 表示“感到有趣”; interesting表示“令人感到有趣”。根據(jù)句意, 這里應(yīng)用后者。
77. 【答案】去掉it
【解析】 本句是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 且在句中作主語(yǔ), 因此, it多余。
78. 【答案】delighted→delight
【解析】 to one’s＋心理活動(dòng)類(lèi)名詞表示“令某人感到······”。
79. 【答案】live→lives
【解析】 本句是定語(yǔ)從句, 含有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 一個(gè)是is, 一個(gè)是live, 主語(yǔ)是a new friend, 因此, 這里要用lives。
80. 【答案】they→we
【解析】 根據(jù)上下文句意, 這里應(yīng)該指“我們經(jīng)?；ハ喟l(fā)送電子郵件, 交流我們的學(xué)習(xí) 方法?！?br /> 第二節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá)
One Possible Version:
Boys and girls,
To enrich the after-class activities of senior three students, the school English Club is going
to hold an English inspirational speech activity themed “My Growth Experience” in the school lecture hall from 3 to 5 this Friday afternoon. The activity is arranged as follows.
We have invited Li Hua, a schoolmate who graduated from Peking University, to deliver a speech, in which he'll introduce his own experience of how he changed from a student who did not love learning to a super learner. After the speech, there's a question-and-answer session.
He'll answer the questions raised by the audience.
All senior three students are welcome to attend on time, and we believe you'll certainly get something from the activity. （118 words）
The English Club

聽(tīng)力錄音材料
Text 1
W: OK. Need any help with your suitcase?
M: No, thanks. It’s not that heavy.
W: All right. Get in, please. Let’s hit the road.
Text 2
M: Hi. I’d like a round-trip ticket to Spring Green, please.
W: OK. That’s 30 dollars. Cash or credit card?
M: Can I pay by check?
W: Alright.
Text 3
W: Good morning, sir. I’m calling about an order fora pair of sneakers from your website. I
received an email saying I have to wait one more week.
M: Do you have the order number?
W: Yes, it’s 6-5-3-4-B.
Text 4
M: Can you make it for tomorrow?
W: Oh no！ Tomorrow morning, I’ll go shopping, and in the afternoon, I’ll take the Chinese class online. Let’s choose another day.
Text 5
W: They are so respectful to their elders. If there’s even a one-year difference in age, they’ll make sure that the elder is respected properly.
M: Really? That's so interesting. The old people in this country must be very happy. That's what we young students should learn.
Text 6
M: I've finished cleaning the backyard. How about you, Catherine? My parents will be here in a few hours.
W: Yeah. Everything looks good. I'm sure we'll be able to make a good impression on your parents as we did on my parents and sister last time.
M: I hope so. Oh, look! There's much water on the floor!
W: Oh, no! Where is it coming from?
M: I'm not sure. I need to find it. Mm. . . There's a leak coming through here.
W: But what's happening? Is it raining?
M: There's just an old pipe that's just given in or something. But don't worry. I'll deal with it at once. Please take away the cup on the table.
Text 7
W: So tell me, Rob, what are you going to write about?
M: Well, Tina, I'd like to write something about my first impressions of London, especially the music, the night life, things like that.
W: Are you planning to do any interviews?
M: I'd like to. Do you have any suggestions?
W: Well, I know some great musicians.
M: Musicians?
W: You know, last term, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of our school, we invited many famous musicians and held a concert. Now I still keep in close touch with them. So I can introduce you to them.
M: That would be great. When can I meet them?
W: I'll inform you when they are available sometime next week.
Text 8
W: Hey, Tom. Are you working late again? Your boss always gives you so much work.
M: Well, not exactly, Maria. My boss is taking his vacation. I have a big project I'm working on.
W: Oh? How's it going?
M: Not well. We keep running into problems with the client.
W: What kind of problems?
M: The client either doesn't like our designs or keeps changing his mind.
W: That can be very annoying.
M: It is. So, my group has to start over each time. It's such a waste of time and money.
W: When is the deadline? Tomorrow?
M: No. The original deadline was next Wednesday, but we asked the client to postpone it to next
Friday. The client agreed eventually, but we're on a tight schedule. I don't know how we're going to make it.
W: Where's the rest of your group?
M: They went to eat. I told them to go. They're going to bring me back some dinner.
Text 9
M: Where are you from, Mia?
W: I currently live in London, but I was born in Chicago, America. I moved to Britain when I was about three.
M: What do you do for a living?
W: I work at a home health agency. We help seniors who may need assistance with various things. I'm also considering studying to become a licensed practical nurse.
M: Have you always lived in London?
W: No, I lived in Cambridge where I taught for two years in an elementary school. And last year, I went back to Chicago to see my grandparents and uncles.
M: What is Chicago like?
W: Pretty good. There're many great museums, theatres and sports centers, but it's less crowded than London.
M: And how does Chicago compare with other places? Has it been easy living here?
W: Yes, it has, overall. The cost of living in Chicago is surprisingly affordable. But some people think they work here with no guarantee of safety.
M: Do you intend to move back there?
W: Well, personally, I hope so, but I discussed it with my parents. But they said no to me. After all, their jobs are based in London.
Text 10
W: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of Pegalo Holidays, it's a great pleasure to welcome you aboard our bus tour of London. I will be your guide for today. Before we start, I'd like to tell you about our trip. We will visit some places of historical interest in the city. First, we will go to the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey. After that, we will go to Trafalgar Square, and here we'll stay for one and a half hours. Then, we'll go to the National Gallery, a famous art museum, where we'll look around for an hour. Across the Houses of Parliament, we can see the London Eye, and we'll stay there for half an hour. Then, we'll take the boat near Big Ben and go along the river to see London, and we'll get off the boat at Tower Bridge. We will be back here at 4 o'clock this afternoon. You can take free walking tours in the evening.
I hope you all have an enjoyable trip, and please feel free to ask questions. I'll be happy to answer them. Thank you for your attention.

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