?江蘇省南京市六校聯(lián)合體2022-2023學(xué)年
高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)合調(diào)研
英語試題
第一部分 聽力(略)
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Non-native animals are doing great damage to local economies and ecosystems. Governments try to use all kinds of ways to keep these animals from going into their places. Some local governments try to make removing invasive(侵入的) species by holding contests with prizes for whoever can catch the most of these animals. In 2022, for example, one fishing contest will be open to the public.
City Fishing Tournament(錦標(biāo)賽)
REGISTRATION IS OPEN!
218 West First Street, Bath, Illinois
Have fun while trying to rid the
Illinois River of Asian carp(鯉魚)!
Date & Contest Times:
● Friday, Nov. 4: Noon-2 p.m. and 3-5p. m.
● Saturday, Nov. 5: 11 a.m.-1p.m. and 5-7 p.m.
Fees:
● Participants-$50 per boat, per contest
● Spectators-$5 per day or $8 for a weekend pass
Instructions & Rules:
● Catch as many Asian carp as you can with one-handed nets, your hands (careful!), baseball bats or simply by having them jump into your boat!
● Hockey helmets and other protective gear are strongly recommended. Boat motor noise makes these fish jump high into the air-they average 20kg each and can cause injuries!
● Bring large trash bags to transfer your fish from your boat to the counting area.
● Participants using nets must have a valid Illinois fishing license.
Awards are given for:
● Most Asian carp caught during each two-hour contest and in total
● Best costumes: Friday is “Camouflage Day” and Saturday is “Superhero Day”
Everybody, be quick to join us!
TEL: 87387745


21. What is the main purpose of the City Fishing Tournament?
A. To have fun on the Illinois River.
B. To study the fishes in the Illinois River.
C. To get rid of the carp in the Illinois River.
D. To remove the pollution along the Illinois River.
22. What is a must in the contest?
A. A boat. B. A net.
C. A helmet. D. A license.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. A guidebook. B. A news report.
C. A travel leaflet. D. An advertisement.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了為消滅入侵物種而舉辦的一次釣魚錦標(biāo)賽的信息。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“Have fun while trying to rid the Illinois River of Asian carp(鯉魚)!(玩得開心，同時試圖擺脫Illinois河的亞洲鯉魚!)”可知，城市釣魚錦標(biāo)賽的目的是清除Illinois河的鯉魚。故選C。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中Instructions & Rules:部分第一條“Catch as many Asian carp as you can with one-handed nets, your hands (careful!), baseball bats or simply by having them jump into your boat!(用單手網(wǎng)、手（小心！）、棒球棒或者干脆讓它們跳到你的船上，盡可能多地捕撈亞洲鯉魚)”可知，船在比賽中是必需的。故選A。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合表格上方“In 2022, for example, one fishing contest will be open to the public.(例如，在2022年，一場釣魚比賽將向公眾開放)”及表格結(jié)尾處的“Everybody, be quick to join us!(大家快來加入我們吧！)”可知，文章主要介紹了一個釣魚錦標(biāo)賽的相關(guān)信息，應(yīng)是出自一個廣告。故選D。
B
Former truck driver Chen Xianjun played a final chord (和弦) on the guitar as he and his four band-mates — a salesperson, a farmer and two doctors — enjoyed the sunshine of early winter by West Lake in Zhejiang Province.
“Cherish your life,” Chen sang his song’s last line. Behind him was the photo of a foreigner wearing a warm smile and hugging his guitar. It was the 27-year-old man, Philip Hancock, an Australian teaching English in Chongqing, who made the warm scene come true.
Hancock died in May 2018 in Chongqing. His parents obeyed Hancock’s wish to donate his organs after death. Hancock’s liver and kidneys saved the lives of three people in the band and his corneas (角膜) made the other two regain the eyesight, including Chen.
“Last year, Red Cross officials advised that the five of us form a band in memory of Hancock. They told me that Hancock dreamed of having his own band one day,” Chen said. He accepted the advice instantly, and so did the other recipients of Hancock’s organs. “I’m more than lucky to be able to show respect for the man who gave me a second chance at a full life,” he said.
In the past year, the five “musicians” have learned various instruments. They traveled from different parts of Chongqing and Sichuan Province to meet in a studio for lessons. The Band for One, a fitting name for the group, finally gathered by the lakeside in Hangzhou on November 7 to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the implementation (實(shí)施) of voluntary organ donations in China.
“I was nervous before stepping on the stage, but I think we all played our parts to the best after so many months of preparation and tension,” Chen Xianjun said. “All the recipients now have the ability to carry on with their lives, and I believe that’s exactly what Hancock wanted for us.”
24. What can we learn from the second and third paragraphs?
A. Hancock saved the lives of three people in the band before he died.
B. The lives of the people in the band have changed thanks to Hancock.
C. Chen Xianjun would have died if Hancock had not donated his organs.
D. Hancock helped Chen Xianjun form a band while teaching in Chongqing.
25. Which can replace the underlined word “recipients” in Paragraph 4?
A. Receivers. B. Givers.
C. Helpers. D. Supporters.
26. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Hancock had formed a popular band before he passed away.
B. The band went to play in Hangzhou in memory of Hancock.
C. The five people formed the band on Chen Xianjun’s advice.
D. The five people in the band tried to learn various instruments.
27. Which word best describes the five people’s attitude to Hancock?
A. Objective. B. Pleased.
C. Thankful. D. Doubtful.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，本文主要講了善良的Philip Hancock死后捐獻(xiàn)了自己的器官幫助別人，而被他幫助的人又成立了一支樂隊(duì)來紀(jì)念他。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hancock’s liver and kidneys saved the lives of three people in the band and his corneas (角膜) made the other two regain the eyesight, including Chen.(Hancock的肝臟和腎臟挽救了樂隊(duì)中三人的生命，他的眼角膜使其他兩人恢復(fù)了視力，其中包括陳賢軍)”可知，Hancock捐贈的器官挽救了樂隊(duì)中三個人的生命，還讓另外兩人恢復(fù)了視力，所以Hancock使他們的生活發(fā)生了改變。故選B。
【25題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞前“‘Last year, Red Cross officials advised that the five of us form a band in memory of Hancock. They told me that Hancock dreamed of having his own band one day,’ Chen said. He accepted the advice instantly(陳賢軍說：‘去年，紅十字會官員建議我們五人組成一支樂隊(duì)，紀(jì)念漢考克。他們告訴我，漢考克夢想有一天能擁有自己的樂隊(duì)?！⒓唇邮芰诉@個建議)”及下文“Hancock’s organs(Hancock的器官)”可知，此處指陳賢軍立即接受了紅十字會提議為紀(jì)念漢考克建立樂隊(duì)的這個建議，其他接受Hancock器官的人也接受了這個建議，recipients意為“接受者”，故選A。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“In the past year, the five ‘musicians’ have learned various instruments.(在過去的一年里，這五位‘音樂家’學(xué)習(xí)了各種各樣的樂器)”可知，樂隊(duì)的五個人努力學(xué)習(xí)各種樂器。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“‘I’m more than lucky to be able to show respect for the man who gave me a second chance at a full life,’ he said.(‘我非常幸運(yùn)，能夠向這個給了我第二次完整人生機(jī)會的人表示尊重?！f)”可知，Hancock捐獻(xiàn)的器官挽救了三個人的生命，讓另外兩人恢復(fù)視力，他們對Hancock持感激的態(tài)度。故選C。
C
The global sea level has risen by eight to nine inches since 1880. Rising sea levels cause an existential threat for some small islands and some low-lying coasts. In a response to this threat, the Busan Metropolitan City of the Republic of Korea, and the company OCEANIX revealed the world’s first model floating city, OCEANIX Busan.
OCEANIX Busan has six integrated systems focusing on energy, food, water, waste, mobility and coastal habitat regeneration to ensure the floating city reuses and wastes as little as possible. The floating city has no roadways to support walking, biking, and autonomous electric vehicles, so it won’t produce any vehicle emissions. Floating and rooftop photovoltaic panels(光伏板) will generate(產(chǎn)生) 100% of the operational energy needed for the city.
OCEANIX Busan will consist of three floating neighborhoods totaling 15.5 acres. That’s about as much surface as a dozen football fields, and according to the developers, it has enough room to house 12,000 people. The neighborhoods will connect to one another and the mainland via bridges, and each will serve a specific purpose. The living neighborhood will have residential buildings, shops and food sellers, and a “community backyard” where residents can gather at its center. The lodging neighborhood will be built to support visitors- it’ll have many shopping and dining options, as well as guest rooms designed to maximize ocean views. The third neighborhood will be a co-working and research center, with a temperature-controlled space at its center for hydroponic agriculture.
“Today is an important milestone for all coastal cities and island nations on the frontlines of climate change. We are on track to delivering OCEANIX Busan and proving that floating infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) can create new land for coastal cities looking for sustainable(可持續(xù)的) ways to expand onto the ocean, while adapting to sea-level rise,” said Philipp Hofnann, CEO of OCEANIX.
28. What is the purpose of designing OCEANIX Busan?
A. To promote the development of tourism.
B. To deal with the threat from rising sea levels.
C. To allow people to enjoy the pleasant coastal climate.
D. To monitor the effect of climate change on small islands.
29. Which word best describes OCEANIX Busan’s mode of operation?
A. Digital. B. Flexible.
C. Sustainable. D. Individual.
30. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The features of the residential buildings.
B. The structure of the floating neighborhoods.
C. The difficulties of building OCEANIX Busan.
D. The measures to attract visitors to OCEANIX Busan.
31. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The World’s First Model Floating City
B. The Sea’s Electricity Production Project
C. The City’s Modern Infrastructure System
D．The Company’s Response to Global Warming
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了世界上第一個浮動城市模型OCEANIX Busan的相關(guān)信息。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二三句“Rising sea levels cause an existential threat for some small islands and some low-lying coasts. In a response to this threat, the Busan Metropolitan City of the Republic of Korea, and the company OCEANIX revealed the world’s first model floating city, OCEANIX Busan.(海平面上升對一些小島嶼和一些低洼海岸造成生存威脅。作為對這一威脅的回應(yīng)，大韓民國Busan Metropolitan City和OCEANIX公司公布了世界上第一個模型浮動城市OCEANIX Busan)”可知，設(shè)計(jì)這樣一個城市是為了應(yīng)對海平面上升威脅。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“OCEANIX Busan has six integrated systems focusing on energy, food, water, waste, mobility and coastal habitat regeneration to ensure the floating city reuses and wastes as little as possible.(OCEANIX Busan有六個綜合系統(tǒng)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注能源、食品、水、廢物、流動性和海岸棲息地再生，以確保漂浮城市重復(fù)利用和盡可能減少污染)”可知它可以重復(fù)使用，又能減少污染故是可持續(xù)的。故選C項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“OCEANIX Busan will consist of three floating neighborhoods totaling 15.5 acres.(OCEANIX Busan將由三個總面積為15.5英畝的浮動社區(qū)組成)”以及后面幾個句子的開頭部分“The living neighborhood(生活區(qū))”，“The lodging neighborhood(居住區(qū))”，“The third neighborhood(第三區(qū))”可知，本段介紹OCEANIX Busan的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“In a response to this threat, the Busan Metropolitan City of the Republic of Korea, and the company OCEANIX revealed the world’s first model floating city, OCEANIX Busan.(作為對這一威脅的回應(yīng)，大韓民國Busan Metropolitan City和OCEANIX公司公布了世界上第一個模型浮動城市OCEANIX Busan)”可知，下文都是以這一句為根據(jù)，介紹這第一個浮動城市。A項(xiàng)“世界上第一個模型漂浮城市”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
D
The art you choose to display in your home tells a story. It represents who you are and what you care about most. “After all, if there’s any place in this world that you can be the main characters of your story, it is at home,” says independent author Kimberly Drew.
When talking about how to find and choose an artwork for the home, Drew isn’t so interested in what makes up “art”. Instead, he thinks the important question is: “What kind of stories do you want to tell for yourself in your home space?”
Art is all around us in the everyday objects we keep. If they mean something to you, they can be art. Then think about how you might display them.
Next, let the art speak to you and your space. Social media, magazines, and television shows have endless advice on how to get a perfect home. While they’re good for inspiration, there can also be a downside: They can push us to create the “ideal” home for external approval. Remember that art in your home is about and for you. You deserve all the beauty and joy it brings.
Buying art can sound confusing, but it’s like buying anything else. Think about your budget and who you want to support. See if there are auctions that are attached to social issues you care about, or the artists whose work is benefiting an organization you support. You can also ask the artists directly, find out where they are showing next, email them or follow them and interact respectfully on social media.
Where you put the artwork in the home depends on you! But you can do something to keep the artwork safe. Try not to hang anything where the humidity (濕氣) levels are high. If you’re hanging a piece of art in a sunny room, make sure you’ll protect the piece from direct light. And make sure the hanging device you use can support the weight of the piece.
32. What is the art you choose for your home based on by Drew?
A. Whether its artist is well known.
B. Whether its style matches your home.
C. Whether it is related to a good memory.
D. Whether it shows what you want to express.
33. What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A. It is quite difficult to understand one’s unique art taste.
B. It’s better to ask professionals to choose artworks for us.
C. We don’t need to create an ideal home to gain others’ approval.
D. The ideas from social media and television shows are confusing.
34. According to paragraph 5, what should you consider when purchasing an artwork?
A. The size and the price. B. The price and the artist.
C. The style of the auction. D. The space of your home.
35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The suggestions on enjoying the artwork to the full.
B. The suggestions on making full use of your home space.
C. The suggestions on matching your home with the artwork.
D. The suggestions on taking care of the artwork in your home.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹如何選擇在家里擺放的藝術(shù)品。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Instead, he thinks the important question is: “What kind of stories do you want to tell for yourself in your home space?”(相反，他認(rèn)為重要的問題是：“你想在你的家庭空間里為自己講述什么樣的故事？”)”可知，Drew認(rèn)為選擇藝術(shù)品的基礎(chǔ)是它是否表達(dá)了你想表達(dá)的東西，故選D。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“While they’re good for inspiration, there can also be a downside: They can push us to create the “ideal” home for external approval. Remember that art in your home is about and for you. You deserve all the beauty and joy it brings.(雖然它們能激發(fā)靈感，但也有不利的一面：它們會促使我們創(chuàng)造一個“理想”的家，以獲得外界的認(rèn)可。記住，你家里的藝術(shù)是關(guān)于你的，是為你服務(wù)的。你值得擁有它所帶來的美麗和歡樂)”可知，從第四段我們可以了解到我們不需要創(chuàng)造一個理想的家來獲得別人的認(rèn)可。故選C。
【34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Think about your budget and who you want to support. See if there are auctions that are attached to social issues you care about, or the artists whose work is benefiting an organization you support.(考慮你的預(yù)算和你想支持的人?？纯词欠裼信c你所關(guān)心的社會問題相關(guān)的拍賣，或者是否有藝術(shù)家的作品為你所支持的組織帶來利益)”可知，當(dāng)你購買藝術(shù)品時應(yīng)該考慮價格和藝術(shù)家。故選B。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Try not to hang anything where the humidity levels are high. If you’re hanging a piece of art in a sunny room, make sure you’ll protect the piece from direct light. And make sure the hanging device you use can support the weight of the piece.(盡量不要把任何東西掛在濕度高的地方。如果你要在陽光充足的房間里掛一件藝術(shù)品，一定要保護(hù)藝術(shù)品不受陽光直射。并且確保你使用的懸掛裝置能夠承受作品的重量)”可知，最后一段主要講了照顧家中藝術(shù)品的建議。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Ask most people which day of the week they fear the most and the answer is likely to be Monday. The first day of the working week can make us depressed. ____36____
The most depressing day of the year is the third Monday in January, when it’s cold and dark outside. This day was named “Blue Monday” by psychologist Cliff Arnall. Even if there was little science behind Blue Monday, it’s probably true that the sound of our alarm clock on any Monday morning means the coming of a new working week and possibly the end of our weekend of fun. ____37____ It’s what psychologists call an emotional shift, and no other part of the week has a transition(過渡) like it.
Apparently, Monday means the end of weekend lie-ins. ____38____ According to a website, “If you can’t stand your job, then the Monday blues can be very real.” And it can be especially difficult to start another seemingly endless workweek. Your case of the Mondays can have a negative impact on your performance, productivity and the people around you.
____39____ Feeling a bit low shouldn’t be confused with more serious depression, caused by other factors. Claudia Hammond, an author and presenter, argues that this low feeling might be untrue. ____40____ She mentions an Australian study of how people reflected on their mood and found the day that scored the lowest was in fact Wednesdays. So, when Monday comes, maybe we should give it a second chance!
A. But is Monday as bad as we like to think it is?
B. What exactly makes us feel down remains unknown.
C. Weekends are definitely happy days in all countries.
D. That’s why the feeling is described as the Monday blues.
E. There is a strong cultural idea that we don’t like Mondays.
F. Our Monday mood can be based on a direct comparison to the day before.
G. It’s back to the routine and the realization that there are five days of working ahead.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. G 39. A 40. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，本文圍繞 “什么讓星期一變得郁悶” 以及這種感覺是否只存在于我們的腦海里展開討論。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“The first day of the working week can make us depressed.(工作周的第一天會讓我們感到沮喪)”可知，工作周的第一天會讓人感到沮喪，分析選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)“這就是為什么這種感覺被稱為‘星期一憂郁癥’”符合語境，與上文存在因果關(guān)系。故選D。
【37題詳解】
下文“It’s what psychologists call an emotional shift, and no other part of the week has a transition (過渡) like it.(這就是心理學(xué)家所說的情緒轉(zhuǎn)變，一周中沒有其他時間有這樣的轉(zhuǎn)變)”提到情緒轉(zhuǎn)變，所以空處應(yīng)是提及星期一和前一天的情緒，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“我們星期一的心情可以建立在與前一天的直接比較之上”符合語境。故選F。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Apparently, Monday means the end of weekend lie-ins.(顯然，周一意味著周末睡懶覺的結(jié)束)”可知，此處是描述星期一意味著什么，G項(xiàng)“回到日常生活中，意識到還有五天的工作要做”與上文意義一致，星期一意味著周末睡懶覺的結(jié)束，意味著開始回歸一周的工作，故選G。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“Feeling a bit low shouldn’t be confused with more serious depression, caused by other factors. Claudia Hammond, an author and presenter, argues that this low feeling might be untrue.(感覺有點(diǎn)低落不應(yīng)該與更嚴(yán)重的抑郁癥相混淆，后者是由其他因素引起的。作家兼主持人Claudia Hammond認(rèn)為，這種低沉的感覺可能是不真實(shí)的)”可知，情緒低落不等同于抑郁，這種感覺可能是不真實(shí)的，所以星期一憂郁癥不像我們想象的那樣糟糕，A項(xiàng)“但是，星期一真的像我們想象的那么糟糕嗎？”符合語境。故選A。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“She mentions an Australian study of how people reflected on their mood and found the day that scored the lowest was in fact Wednesdays. So, when Monday comes, maybe we should give it a second chance!(她提到了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于人們?nèi)绾畏此甲约呵榫w的澳大利亞研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)得分最低的日子實(shí)際上是星期三。所以，當(dāng)星期一到來的時候，也許我們應(yīng)該再給它一次機(jī)會)”可知，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們情緒最低落的時間是星期三，所以我們應(yīng)該再給星期一一次機(jī)會，由此可推知，空處應(yīng)是提及人們不喜歡星期一，所以下文才說再給星期一一次機(jī)會，E項(xiàng)“有一種強(qiáng)烈的文化觀念認(rèn)為我們不喜歡星期一”符合語境，故選E。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
My Ph. D. adviser called me into his office saying, “You are fired from the lab.”
I had moved to Israel to study for a Ph. D. At first, things went well in my new lab. Then I ____41____ some problems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slowed my ____42____, but he never spoke to me about any concerns. I’m still not ____43____ why he fired me, but I guess it was because of those mistakes. He wasn’t confident that I could ____44____ my research in time as we’d planned.
The first few days after I was fired were especially ____45____. I spent hours staring at my computer screen, unable to get anything done. I tried to ____46____ his mind with promising results, but he ____47____ to his decision. I could not tell the news to my family in India, as the fear of ____48____ them overwhelmed(壓垮) me. I soon got into a ____49____ of sadness and anxiety.
Around that time, I watched a movie-Dasvidaniya. One line from the movie stuck out to me, “When life gives you lemons, make lemonade”. What kind of lemonade could I make out of my present ____50____? My desire to complete a Ph. D. was never in doubt. After much ____51____, I told myself that one ____52____ attempt was not the end of the world, and that I needed to give it another ____53____. With renewed ____54____, I emailed expected advisers and applied to other programs. Within 2 months, I ____55____ an offer from a Ph. D. program in Italy.
41. A. ran into B. came into C. stepped into D. looked into
42. A. plan B. research C. graduation D. report
43. A. satisfied B. doubtful C. shocked D. certain
44. A. improve B. smooth C. complete D. solve
45. A. difficult B. special C. flexible D. unique
46. A. keep B. read C. change D. clear
47. A. stuck B. turned C. devoted D. took
48. A. frightening B. disappointing C. challenging D. tricking
49. A. habit B. trouble C. state D. pressure
50. A. moment B. control C. level D. situation
51. A. reflection B. judgement C. treatment D. discussion
52. A. gained B. failed C. rated D. gathered
53. A. chance B. hope C. aim D. try
54. A. energy B. balance C. interest D. confidence
55. A. produced B. landed C. operated D. responded
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，文章講述了作者在攻讀博士學(xué)位期間遭遇困境，一部電影中的臺詞給了他啟示：當(dāng)生活給你又酸又苦的檸檬時，那你就將它變成又甜又可口的檸檬汁。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然后我遇到了一些問題。A. ran into遇到（困難，問題等），陷入（困境）；B. came into進(jìn)入；C. stepped into走進(jìn)；D. looked into調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“I made a few mistakes in the lab(我在實(shí)驗(yàn)室犯了一些錯誤)”可知，作者遇到了一些問題。故選A。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里犯了一些錯誤，耽誤了我的研究，但他從來沒有跟我說過任何顧慮。A. plan計(jì)劃；B. research研究；C. graduation畢業(yè)；D. report報告，報道。根據(jù)本段最后一句“He wasn’t confident that I could _______ my research in time as we’d planned.”可知，作者犯了一些錯誤，耽誤了研究，故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然不確定他為什么解雇我，但我猜就是因?yàn)槟切╁e誤。A. satisfied滿意的；B. doubtful懷疑的；C. shocked震驚的；D. certain肯定的。根據(jù)“but I guess it was because of those mistakes”可知，作者猜測是自己犯下的錯誤使導(dǎo)師解雇自己，由此可知作者不確定導(dǎo)師解雇自己的原因，故選D。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他對我能如期完成研究沒有信心。A. improve提高，改善；B. smooth撫平；C. complete完成；D. solve解決。上文提到作者犯了一些錯誤，減緩了研究的進(jìn)度，所以此處指導(dǎo)師擔(dān)心無法按期完成研究，故選C。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被解雇后的頭幾天特別難熬。A. difficult困難的；B. special特殊的；C. flexible靈活的；D. unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)語境及下一句“I spent hours staring at my computer screen, unable to get anything done.(我花了好幾個小時盯著電腦屏幕，什么事也做不了)”可知，被解雇的頭幾天很難熬，故選A。
【46題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖用有希望的結(jié)果來改變他的想法，但他堅(jiān)持自己的決定。A. keep保持；B. read讀；C. change改變；D. clear清理。根據(jù)“with promising results”可知，作者被解雇，向?qū)熣f會給出一個滿意的結(jié)果，試圖以此來改變導(dǎo)師的想法，故選C。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. stuck堅(jiān)持；B. turned翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎；C. devoted獻(xiàn)身，致力于；D. took拿，取。結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及下文被解雇后不敢告訴家人可知，雖然作者保證以后好好表現(xiàn)，但導(dǎo)師堅(jiān)持自己的決定，解雇作者，故選A。
【48題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能把這個消息告訴我在印度的家人，因?yàn)槲液ε伦屗麄兪?，這樣的恐懼壓垮了我。A. frightening使恐懼；B. disappointing使失望；C. challenging挑戰(zhàn)；D. tricking欺騙。結(jié)合語境可知，作者被解雇不敢告訴家人，應(yīng)是怕他們對自己失望，故選B。
【49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快就進(jìn)入了一種悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)。A. habit習(xí)慣；B. trouble麻煩；C. state狀態(tài)；D. pressure壓力。根據(jù)“sadness and anxiety”可知，作者被解雇后陷入悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)，故選C。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能從我目前的處境中做出什么樣的檸檬水呢？A. moment時刻；B. control控制；C. level水平；D. situation情況，形勢。結(jié)合語境可知，此處作者是反問以自己目前的現(xiàn)狀和處境，又能做出什么樣的檸檬汁呢？situation符合語境，故選D。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過多次反思，我告訴自己，一次失敗的嘗試并不是世界末日，我需要再試一次。A. reflection反思；B. judgement評價；C. treatment對待，治療；D. discussion討論。結(jié)合下文作者發(fā)郵件申請項(xiàng)目可知，此處指作者反思過后，決定振作起來，故選A。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. gained獲得；B. failed失?。籆. rated評定；D. gathered聚集。上文提到作者因犯錯誤而被解雇，所以此處指“一次失敗的嘗試”，故選B。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. chance機(jī)會；B. hope希望；C. aim目標(biāo)；D. try嘗試。此處和“attempt”同義，指一次嘗試失敗后，需要再次嘗試，故選D。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：信心重燃后，我給期望中的顧問發(fā)了郵件，并申請了其他項(xiàng)目。A. energy精力；B. balance平衡；C. interest興趣；D. confidence信心。根據(jù)“I emailed expected advisers and applied to other programs”可知，作者經(jīng)過反思，重拾信心，故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不到兩個月，我就收到了意大利一個博士項(xiàng)目的錄取通知。A. produced生產(chǎn)；B. landed成功得到，贏得；C. operated操作；D. responded回答，回應(yīng)。上文提到作者申請項(xiàng)目，故此處指得到一個博士項(xiàng)目的錄取通知，故選B。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A primary school in rural China with more than 1,000 teachers and students has achieved food self-sufficiency by offering farming for students.
____56____(equip) with farmland where students can participate in manual labor, Jingwai Mingde Primary School in Xuanwei, Yunnan province, ____57____(feed) itself for 15 years.
Each class is allocated a piece of land to plant seasonal vegetables or raise livestock, ____58____ will become ingredients for their ____59____(day) meals. Students do farm chores twice ____60____ week under the guidance of the teachers.
There is also a zoo in the school keeping sika deer, ostriches and other animals ____61____ (help) students expand their horizons ____62____ get along with animals.
The school set up a greenhouse ____63____ fruit trees and medicinal herbs for students to learn about botanical knowledge in nature ____64____(happy), instead of listening to teachers in the classroom.
“Children who have not kissed the land will not have a complete childhood,” said school principal Lei Yingfei. “The farm labor will build excellent _____65_____(character) that last a lifetime.”
【答案】56. Equipped
57. has fed
58. which 59. daily
60. a 61. to help
62. and 63. with
64. happily
65. characters
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。介紹了云南省宣威市靖外明德小學(xué)通過為學(xué)生提供農(nóng)業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了糧食自給自足。
【56題詳解】
考查過去分詞。句意：擁有學(xué)生可以參與體力勞動的農(nóng)田，云南省宣威市靖外明德小學(xué)已經(jīng)養(yǎng)活了自己15年。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入非謂語動詞作狀語。be equipped with意為“裝備……；配備……”，此處作狀語直接用過去分詞equipped，置于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Equipped。
【57題詳解】
考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入謂語動詞。根據(jù)時間狀語“for 15 years”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；主語是“Jingwai Mingde Primary School”，表單數(shù)，故填has fed。
【58題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：每個班級都被分配了一塊土地來種植時令蔬菜或飼養(yǎng)牲畜，這些蔬菜將成為他們?nèi)粘Ｉ攀车氖巢?。分析句子可知，空格處?yīng)填入非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞是seasonal vegetables，指物，故應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【59題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作定語修飾名詞meals。day的形容詞形式為daily。故填daily。
【60題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：學(xué)生在老師的指導(dǎo)下每周做兩次農(nóng)活。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入不定冠詞，表示泛指。twice a week固定短語，意為“每周兩次”。故填a。
【61題詳解】
考查動詞不定式。句意：學(xué)校里還有一個動物園，飼養(yǎng)梅花鹿、鴕鳥和其他動物，幫助學(xué)生拓展視野，與動物相處。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入非謂語動詞作狀語。由句意可知，此處作目的狀語，故用動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。故填to help。
【62題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入并列連詞連接“expand their horizons”和“get along with animals”。故用and。
【63題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：學(xué)校搭建了一個有果樹和藥材的溫室，讓學(xué)生快樂地學(xué)習(xí)大自然中的植物學(xué)知識，而不是在教室里聽老師講課。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入介詞。由句意可知，此處指“帶有；具有”，故用介詞with。故填with。
【64題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞修飾動詞learn。happy的副詞形式為happily。故填happily。
【65題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：“農(nóng)場工人將塑造出一輩子的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)?！?分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作賓語。意為“品質(zhì)；特點(diǎn)”。根據(jù)其后的定語從句中的謂語動詞“l(fā)ast”可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填characters。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一分(滿分15分)
66. 假定你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友Andrew來信向你咨詢“好朋友的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么”，請你給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 好朋友的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；
2. 期待對方的觀點(diǎn)。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。
Dear Andrew,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Andrew,
I’m writing to share with you what makes a good friend.
A good friend should be honest. As a saying goes, a good friend is like a mirror and lets you know what is happening. Whether you are right or wrong, you are told the truth. Besides, a good friend should be trustworthy. He will always be there for you. Lastly, being humorous is just as important. Nothing can make spending time together more fun than a friend who makes you laugh.
What do you think? I’m looking forward to your ideas.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國網(wǎng)友Andrew回一封信，向他表達(dá)自己對于“好朋友的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的想法，并對他的觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)期待。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
另外：Besides → In addition/What’s more /Additionally
可信的：trustworthy → reliable
重要的：important→ essential/significant
幽默的：humorous → witty
2.句式拓展
合并簡單句
原句：Besides, a good friend should be trustworthy. He will always be there for you.
拓展句：Besides, a good friend should be trustworthy, who will always be there for you.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Whether you are right or wrong, you are told the truth.（運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句）
【高分句型2】Nothing can make spending time together more fun than a friend who makes you laugh.（運(yùn)用了who引導(dǎo)的定語從句）
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Charlie was a little boy of ten. He was such a good boy that everyone loved him a lot. Due to his father’s job, his family shifted to a new city, where he was admitted into a new school. As Charlie was a good boy, most of his new classmates became his good friends soon. The teachers also praised Charlie for his intelligence and good behavior.
But there was one boy in the class who did not like Charlie at all! His name was Bill and he was a very naughty boy, so no one liked him at all. He found that Charlie was a quiet boy, so he started making trouble for his new classmate. But Charlie still kept quiet and did not complain to the class teacher. When Charlie’s parents learned about Bill, they wanted to go to school and complain about this naughty boy’s behavior. But Charlie stopped them and said, “Mom, Dad, please do not worry. Everything will be all right.”
Days went by and the time came for the annual sports meeting at the school. Charlie was also good at sports and he was participating in a number of events. Bill was participating in the sack race (套袋跑), though he could not run very fast due to his fat body. When Bill saw that Charlie won first prize in the 100-meter race, he felt very jealous (妒忌的) and decided that he would not let it happen in the sack race.
As planned, Bill tried to push Charlie while jumping on the track during the sack race. But he lost his balance and fell down! His leg was badly injured and he could not even stand up by himself. But as he was unpopular among his friends, no one turned up to help him!
注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
Charlie noticed what had happened.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Charlie took Bill to the school doctor.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Charlie noticed what had happened. At that moment, he was far ahead of the other racers and was close to winning the race. However, the moment he saw Bill got injured was struggling to get up, he abandoned the race and turned back to help him. The little boy had to make a great effort to pull Bill up, as he was much larger in size. As a result, Charlie lost the race, which made his classmates a little disappointed.
Charlie took Bill to the school doctor. At the doctor’s, Bill was carefully checked and was given some treatment. “You lost this sack race only because of me!” said Bill, after coming out of the doctor’s. “My mom tells me that helping a friend is more important than winning a race,” answered Charlie. Deeply touched by his reply, Bill promised to be a good boy like Charlie. After that, they became good friends and everybody was quite surprised at Bill’s big change.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了Charlie因?yàn)榘峒疫M(jìn)入一個新學(xué)校，因?yàn)樗郧啥?、友好聰明，大家都很喜歡他。但是有一個名叫Bill的調(diào)皮男孩子不喜歡他，甚至因?yàn)镃harlie跑步比賽拿第一名而嫉妒他。并計(jì)劃在套袋跑比賽中使壞推倒Charlie。沒想到的是，Charlie沒摔倒，Bill自己卻摔倒了。Charlie本來即將贏得第一名，但是他為了去幫Bill放棄了比賽。Bill因此被打動，不再使壞，還立志成為Charlie一樣優(yōu)秀的孩子。他們倆也成為了好朋友。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Charlie注意到發(fā)生了什么?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Charlie注意到Bill摔倒后，放棄比賽拿獎，前去幫忙。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“Charlie把Bill送到了校醫(yī)那兒?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼慍harlie如何把Bill送到醫(yī)生那里，然后Bill因此而被改變。
2.續(xù)寫線索：Charlie搬家進(jìn)入新學(xué)?！煌瑢W(xué)Bill欺負(fù)——Charlie比賽獲獎，Bill嫉妒，計(jì)劃使壞——Bill摔倒，Charlie棄賽幫忙——Bill就醫(yī)——Bill改變，二人成為好朋友
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①轉(zhuǎn)移：shift to/move to
②.知道：learn about/know/be aware of
③.參加：participate in/take part in
情緒類
①.掙扎做某事：struggle to do/try hard to do
②.對……感到震驚：be surprised at/be shocked at
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]. However, the moment he saw Bill got injured was struggling to get up, he abandoned the race and turned back to help him.（由連接詞the moment引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）
[高分句型2]. My mom tells me that helping a friend is more important than winning a race.（由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）

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