
?專題06 語法無憂 時態(tài)語態(tài)我有
知識點一: 1.對一般現在時考查
【知識梳理1】基本概念;
一般現在時通常表示習慣性的、反復發(fā)生的動作。通常與表示頻度的副詞如 often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等和時間狀語如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等連用。一般現在時可表示主語的特征、能力或狀態(tài)以及普遍真理。
【知識梳理2】 對主將從現的考查:
在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引導的時間狀語中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引導的條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
1. 一般現在時
1) 動詞be(am/is/are)
2) 行為動詞
第三人稱單數做主語時,動詞用單三,其余用動原(+s/s,x,o,ch,sh+es/輔音字母+y結尾,變y為i+es)
1)表示經常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)
2)表示主語的特征、性格和能力
3)表示客觀事實或普遍真理;
4)在時間或條件狀語從句中,代替一般將來時
5)用在劇本、新聞標題、動作解說、戲劇描繪中
1)We get up at 6 every morning.
2) She studies very hard.
3) The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun.
4) I’ll let you know as soon as he telephones me.
5) Here comes the bus.
6)The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.
7)More Teenagers Try Cigarettes.
every day;
once a week;
always/usually/often
/sometimes/seldom/
never;
nowadays......
變化:
1. be動詞的變化:
否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。 如:----Are you a student?
----Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:-----Where is my book?
-----It is on the table.
2.行為動詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動詞原形(+其它)。 如:I don't like bread.
當主語為第三人稱單數時,要用doesn't構成否定句。 如:He doesn't often play.
一般疑問句:Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。
如:---- Do you often play football? ---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
當主語為第三人稱單數時,要用does構成一般疑問句。 如:---- Does she go to work by bike?
---- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。 如:How does your father go to work?
知識點二:對一般過去時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內所發(fā)生的動作或情況,通常一般過去式帶有表示動作時間狀語的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago, at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…), 一段時間 + ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, in 1990, just now, long before, long long ago. 等,上下文清楚時可以不帶時間狀語。
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
2.一般過去時
1)動詞be(was/were)
2)行為動詞的過去式(+ed/+d/雙寫+ed/改y為i+ed/不規(guī)則變化)
1)表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)
2)表示過去經?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作
1)I saw him yesterday.
2) He said he wouldn’t come if it rained the next day.
3)I hoped you could give us some help.
4)When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.
yesterday;
just now;
last year;
three days ago;
in 1998;
when+從句...
構成及變化:
1.規(guī)則動詞:
1)Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:
am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as(was not=wasn’t);are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren’t);帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
2)行為動詞的變化:
否定句:didn’t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
?特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形? 如:???What did Jim do yesterday?
注意:疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?
3)規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,
如:stop-stopped;
4. 以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied
知識點三:對一般將來時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示將來的動作或狀態(tài) . 與時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等連用。
【知識梳理2】
主將從現的考察:
在 由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引導的時間狀語中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引導的條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時。
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
3.一般將來時
1)shall/will do (shall用于第一人稱,美國英語中所有人稱都用will)
2)am/is/are going to do
1)表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況
2) 表示一種傾向或習慣性動作
3)表示打算做某事, 表示安排好的事/即將發(fā)生的事
1)We shall/will go to Beijing tomorrow.
2) Fish will die without water.
3) I’m going to learn the French.
4) The children are to learn English next week.
tomorrow;
next week;
soon;
tonight;
this evening/weekend
in a few days;
from now on;
when + 從句...
常見結構
1) . “be going to+動詞原形”結構用來表示按照主觀意圖打算或按計劃,安排將要做的事,有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示從跡象上表明將要發(fā)生的事情,多指個人主觀臆斷的推測。
如:Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看這些云,要下雨了。
2). “shall或will+動詞原形”指對將來事物近期或遠期的預見,表達個人主觀意圖以及征求對方意見或表示客氣的邀請。在書面語中,shall多用于第一人稱;在口語中,will可以用于任何人稱。
如:I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一給你看我的照片。
知識點四:對過去將來時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:過去將要做的事情。
【知識梳理2】對過去將來時would +do;was/ were +going to do和常見用在過去將來中的謂語動詞promised 承諾,predict 預測等的考查。
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
4.過去將來時
1)should/would do(用法同一般將來時)
2)was/were going to do
1) 表示過去預計將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)
2)表示過去習慣性動作
3)表示在過去某一時間對將來的打算
1)He wanted to know when the meeting would begin.
2)Whenever he had time, he would help them in their work.
3) No one knew when he was going to come.
常用在主句是一般過去時后的賓語從句中;
the next day/morning, year…,the following month/week…
知識點五:現在進行時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示說話者說話時正在發(fā)生的動作或者目前一段時間內正在進行的動作(但說話時這個動作不一定在進行)
【知識梳理2】
時間狀語:now ,right now, at the moment等。常用look!…listen!…等開頭,強調某人正在做某事。但很多題目在考察進行時態(tài)時沒有明確的時間狀語,需要學生自己去理解。
一、現在進行時的幾種形態(tài)變化:
1.現在進行時的否定句在be后加not。
2.現在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。
3.現在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為:疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing?
如:What are you doing now?
但疑問詞當主語時,即劃線部分是主語時,其結構為:疑問詞 + be + 動詞ing?
如:Who is singing outside the door?
二、動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,且是重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,
如:run-running, stop-stopping
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
5.現在進行時
1)am/is/are doing
2) 移動動詞的現在進行形式表將來(參看一般將來時用法)
3)一般不用于進行時態(tài)的動詞:
a.表示知覺的動詞(see/hear/smell
/taste/notice/feel等)
b.表示態(tài)度和情感的動詞(believe/agree
/like/hate/want/think等)
c.表示抽象關系或概念的動詞(have/depend/seem
/consist/possess等)
1) 表示此時此刻正在進行的動作
2)表示目前這段時間正在進行的動作
3)表示反復出現或習慣性動作(always/constantly)
4)有的動詞用于現在進行時表示“逐漸”
5)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作(參看一般將來時)
1) The boys are reading magazines.
2) What’s he doing this week?
3) The girl is always smiling happily.
4) It’s getting cold.
5) He’s leaving for Beijing.
now
at present
at the moment
these days
this week
look
listen
知識點六:過去進行時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內進行或發(fā)生的動作。
【知識梳理2】
時間狀語:this time yesterday;at eleven yesterday morning(具體到過去的某一時間點)at that time等。
【知識梳理3】
??键c:when A did sth. B was doing sth. else.當某人做某事的時候,另一個人正在做另一件事。
6.過去進行時
was/were doing
表示過去某一時刻或某一階段正在進行的動作
1)We were having a meeting at 3 yesterday afternoon.
2) He was reading a novel in the library this morning.
3) He was forever complaining about something.
4) I asked him whether he was coming back for supper.
at that time
yesterday morning
when + 從句
知識點七:現在完成時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或事情對現在的影響或產生的結果,持續(xù)到現在,并且還有可能持續(xù)下去,著眼點在現在。
【知識梳理2】時間狀語:現在完成時時常與不確定的過去時間狀語連用。連用的時間狀語都較模糊,如:in/over/during/for the past few years/months/weeks/days, these days, so far, up to now, since, for,ever since, since then, by this time, in / over the past few years, “since + 過去某一時刻”,“for + 時間段”等。
【知識梳理3】
??键c:表示“第幾次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞+that” 后面用現在完成時。
7.現在完成時
have/has + 動詞過去分詞(規(guī)則
化同動詞過去式/不規(guī)則變化單獨記憶)
1) 表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現在造成的影響和結果
2)表示過去某時開始一直延續(xù)到現在的動作或狀態(tài)(有可能還會延續(xù)下去),常和表示一段時間的狀語連用
1)I haven’t finished my homework yet.
2) He has been ill for 3 days.
3)Shanghai has changed a lot since 1978.
4) It’s been 10 years since they married.
already/ever/just/yet
often/never/always
once/twice/before
so far/up to now
recently
in the past few years
for + 時間段
since +時間點/從句
1. 表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果。
如Have you read that story?你讀過那個故事嗎?
(“讀”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,對現在造成的影響是:是否知道故事的內容。)
I have bought two apples.我買了兩個蘋果。
(“買”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,對現在造成的結果是:擁有兩個蘋果。)
在學習這一概念的同時,還應注意常與現在完成時連用的幾個副詞:already,just,ever,yet,never等。already,just多用于肯定句中,ever,yet,never多用于疑問句和否定句中。
如: I have already finished my homework.我已經做完家庭作業(yè)了。
He has just had his meal.他剛吃過飯。
Have you ever sung this English song?你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎?
They haven't started yet.他們還沒有動身。
2. 表示過去已經開始,一直持續(xù)到現在的動作或狀態(tài)。
①因為表示的是持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài),所以使用的動詞通常是延續(xù)性動詞:be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等;
②使用的時間狀語通常由for或since 引導,但二者后接的詞有所不同:
for后常跟一個時間段,指某個動作到現在為止已持續(xù)了多長時間。
如:for three years, for half an hour等。
since后面接一個時間點,如since 1980,也可以接“一段時間+ago”
如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。
since 還可用作連詞,引導一個過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句。
如:We have known each other since we went to college.
③非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和for 或since 連用,但我們可以找一個相應的延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動詞,
3.過去分詞的構成
規(guī)則動詞:
規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構成規(guī)則相同。四點變化規(guī)則:
⑴、一般動詞,在詞尾直接加“ ed ”
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
⑵、以“ e ”結尾的動詞,只在詞尾加“ d ”
lived---lived---lived ,
⑶、以“輔音字母 + y ”結尾的動詞,將 "y" 變?yōu)?"i" ,再加“ ed ”
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,
play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed
⑷、重讀閉音節(jié)結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,先雙寫該輔音字母,再加“ ed ”
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
不規(guī)則動詞:
不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要特別牢記,詳見不規(guī)則動詞表
4現在完成時的句式變化
1.肯定句式
現在完成時的肯定句式是“have(has)+done ”。如:?
①?We?have?just?finished?our?homework.???②?She?has?gone?home.?
2.疑問句式
現在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。如:?
③?Have?you?read?this?story?book?yet?
特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結構如下:
?、?What?have?you?done?with?my?bike?
⑤?You've?read?this?story?book,?haven't?you?
注意:1)現在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。
2)把現在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時,往往譯成“……過嗎?”、“已經……了嗎?”等。
3)其肯定回答用“Yes,...have(has).”,否定回答用“No,...haven't(hasn't).”,有時用“No,not?yet.”或“No,never.”。
3.否定句式
現在完成時的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。如:?
?、?We?haven't?studied?Unit?2?yet.???
⑦?The?train?hasn't?stopped?yet.
注意:1)現在完成時的否定句句末往往加yet。
2)否定句常譯為“還沒有……”等。
5常用于現在完成時的時間狀語?
除了我們講過的already,?yet,?still,just,?ever,?never,?since短語和?for短語外,還有許多時間狀語常用于現在完成時,我們要留心將它們和一般過去時的時間狀語區(qū)分開來:?
1.?lately,?recently是完成時的時間狀語;just?now?有a?moment?ago?之意,是過去時的時間狀語。如:?
Have?you?heard?from?your?family?lately/recently?????Did?you?see?Joan?just?now??
2.?in?the?past?few?years?意思是“過去幾年來”,常用于完成時中;in?the?past意思是“在過去”,常用于過去時中。?如:?
? Great?changes?have?taken?place?in?my?hometown?in?the?past?few?years.?
?Where?did?you?work?in?the?past??
3.?ever?since?then與from?then?on?/?after?that?都有“打那以后”之意,但前者常用于完成時,而后兩者常用于過去時。如:?
She's?lived?here?ever?since?then.?
I?didn't?hear?of?Jim?from?then?on/after?that.
4.?before?通常用于完成時;...ago通常用于過去時。如:
I?have?never?been?to?Japan?before.?She?went?to?Japan?two?years?ago.?
5.?so?far“到目前為止”,?these?days“這些天來”也是現在完成時常見的時間狀語。如:?
So?far,?no?man?has?travelled?farther?than?the?moon.?What?have?you?done?these?days?
6終止性動詞與延緩性動詞的用法區(qū)別
動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞。
??? 1..延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。
??? 表示時間段的短語有:
for+一段時間, 如:for 2 years;
since從句,since he came here;
since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago;
how long; for a long time等。
??? 例:He has lived here for 6 years.?
You can keep the book for 5 days.
I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.?
How long did you stay there last year?
??? 2..非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞、瞬間動詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動作,這種動作發(fā)生后立即結束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用,如:two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例:He died 5 years ago.
否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。
例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.
3.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉換:非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和for 或since 連用,但我們可以找一個相應的延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動詞,
如 : come →be, come to →be in / at, go out→ be out, leave →be away,
begin →be on, stop→ be over, buy→ have, borrow→ keep,
open →be open, close →be closed, join →be a member of, ? put on→ wear
die →be dead, catch a cold →have a cold, get to know →know,
fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill become a teacher →be a teacher,
?? finish --- be over,? open sth --- keep sth open,?
例: The old man died 4 years ago.?
----The old man has been dead for 4 years.???
--- It is 4 years since the old man died.?
----Four years has passed since the old man died.??????
He joined the Party 2 years ago.??
---He has been in the Party for 2 years.?????
I bought the book 5 days ago.?
---- I have had the book for 5 days.?
7、since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句(從句通常用一般過去時,而主句一般用現在完成時)
Great changes have taken place since you left.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
4) It is (has been)+一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
知識點八:過去完成時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示在過去某一時間或動作以前已經完成了的動作。簡言之,過去完成時所表示的時間就是“過去的過去”
【知識梳理2】
時間狀語:by the time ,for since等
8.過去完成時
had + 動詞過去分詞
注:在after/before等引導的狀語從句中,由于這類詞本身能夠明確表示先后關系,所以常用一般過去時代替過去完成時。
1) 表示過去某一時間或動作發(fā)生以前已經完成的動作,即“過去的過去”
2)表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某一時間以前開始一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間
1)I had had my breakfast when he came.
2) By the end of last term, they had learnt 800 English words.
3) He said he had seen the film twice.
4)After he finished his homework, he went to bed.
by the end of
when + 從句
before+ 過去時間
知識點九:被動語態(tài)
【知識梳理1】語態(tài)的基本概念:
語態(tài)是表示句子中主語和謂語動詞之間的關系的術語。英語中只有兩個語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動詞動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。
主動語態(tài)——動作執(zhí)行者; 被動語態(tài)——動作承受者
例:I have returned the magazines to the library.
The magazines have been returned to the library.
The students cleaned their classroom after school every day.
The classroom is cleaned by the students after school every day.
【知識梳理2】被動語態(tài)的構成
教學建議:
1. 被動語態(tài)的關鍵點:be動詞的變化
2. 老師師范講解一般現在時的被動語態(tài)構成,然后由學生模仿變化其他時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。
1. 被動語態(tài)的基本結構: be+動詞的過去分詞
2. 各種時態(tài)的主動、被動語態(tài)的結構:
時態(tài)
主動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)
一般現在時
do/does
am/is/are +done
一般過去時
did
was/were +done
現在進行時
am/is/are +doing
am/is/are +being done
現在完成時
have/has +done
have/has +been done
一般將來時
will/shall/be going to +do
will/shall/be going to +be done
過去進行時
Was/were +doing
was/were+ being done
過去完成時
had + done
had + been done
過去將來時
would/should/be going to+ do
would/should/be going to +be done
含有情態(tài)動詞
can/may/must +do
can/may/must+ be done
【知識梳理3】主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉換
1. 主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)
① 要將主動句里的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z,若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞,要將賓格變成主格。
② 把主動句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械馁e語,主格代詞變成賓格代詞,并由by引導。
③ 謂語動詞變成相應的被動形式。
We asked him to sing an English song.
He was asked to sing an English song by us.
主動語態(tài):動作執(zhí)行者+謂語動詞主動形式+動作承受者
被動語態(tài):動作承受者+謂語動詞被動形式+動作執(zhí)行者
批注:主動,主動,主去動;被動,被動,主被動。
2. 帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)
教學建議:
1. 讓學生了解什么叫雙賓語及賓語補足語并舉例說明;
2. 給出具體例句讓學生來變成被動。
① 謂語動詞帶雙賓語時,既可以將間接賓語轉化成主語,也可以將直接賓語轉化成主語;
② 若將間接賓語轉化成主語,則保留直接賓語;
③ 若將直接賓語轉化成主語則保留間接賓語,且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to 或for;
She gave me a book. (變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài))
I was given a book by her.(間接賓語me改為了主語)
A book was given to me by her.(直接賓語a book改為了主語)
備注:此語法點應多呈現后接雙賓語的動詞詳細講解并加強練習。如:bring , take ,send ,show 等
3. 動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)
許多由不及物動詞和介詞、副詞構成的動詞短語相當于及物動詞,可以有賓語,也可以有被動語態(tài)動詞短
語是一個不可分割的整體,在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,不可丟掉構成動詞短語的介詞或副詞。
We should speak to old men politely.
Old men should be spoken to politely.
4. 帶賓語補足語的被動語態(tài)
賓語后若有賓補,變被動語態(tài)時,只把賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,賓語補足語保留在原處,成為主語補足語。
I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.
5. 變被動語態(tài)后動詞形式的選擇
主動句中的感官動詞see, hear, watch, feel, notice等,及使役動詞let, make, have等后跟省略to的不定式,
變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,應加上不定式符號to.
He makes the girl stay at home.
The girl is made to stay at home by him.
備注:一感二聽三讓四看,變被動還原to.
1.(2022·湖北湖北·中考真題)Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A.misses B.missed C.was missing D.has missed
2.(2022·湖北湖北·中考真題)—Your watch is really old.
—Yes, I ________ it since I was six.
A.have B.will have C.have had D.am having
3.(2022·河北·中考真題)Sorry, I ________ a mistake. Let me correct it.
A.will make B.am making C.was making D.have made
4.(2022·遼寧大連·中考真題)Sally ________ with a Chinese family since she came to Dalian.
A.stays B.will stay C.has stayed D.was staying
5.(2022·云南昆明·中考真題)—China’s high-speed railway technology ________ the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A.led B.was leading C.is leading D.will lead
6.(2022·云南·中考真題)How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September.
A.enter B.entered C.will enter D.have entered
7.(2022·甘肅定西·中考真題)We ________ a meeting. Come and join in.
A.were having B.are having C.had D.have been
8.(2022·安徽·中考真題)—What are you saving money for?
—Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy B.have bought C.bought D.was buying
9.(2022·重慶·中考真題)— Excuse me, what is Nick doing?
— Look! He ________ flowers outside.
A.waters B.watered C.is watering D.has watered
10.(2022·重慶·中考真題)I ________ a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
A.had B.was having C.have had D.will have
11.(2022·四川遂寧·中考真題)—You dance so well, Alice.
—Thanks. I ________ Chinese dance since I was 5 years old.
A.learn B.learnt C.am learning D.have learnt
12.(2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題)China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
A.wins B.is winning C.won D.will win
13.(2022·天津·中考真題)A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C.are protected D.protected
14.(2022·甘肅定西·中考真題)Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.invent D.is invented
15.(2022·四川遂寧·中考真題)—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.
—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A.is making B.are making C.is made D.are made
16.(2022·湖北鄂州·中考真題)—Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening?
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A.saw B.have seen C.see D.will see
17.(2022·江蘇南通·中考真題)—Mike, why do you come here so late? The concert ________ since half an hour ago.
—What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.
A.has ended B.has been on C.has started D.has been over
18.(2022·內蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題)—Hello, Alan. This is Bill. What are you doing now?
—I’m watching a program on TV. It started at 6:30 pm and ________ on for another one hour.
A.has been B.was C.is D.will be
19.(2022·四川四川·中考真題)Tom, you ________ in this city since 2019. What do you think of it?
A.have lived B.live C.lived D.will live
20.(2022·四川達州·中考真題)— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years.
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A.has changed; used to B.changed; is used to
C.changed; used to D.has changed; is used to
21.(2022·四川達州·中考真題)—Who is playing the piano in the music room? Is it Mary?
—No, it ________ be her. She has ________ to Beijing on business.
A.couldn’t; been B.can’t; gone C.can’t; been D.mustn’t; gone
22.(2022·江蘇南京·中考真題)There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.
A.was B.were C.is D.are
23.(2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題)UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ________ in Europe in 1946 after World War II.
A.set up B.was set up C.took up D.was taken up
24.(2022·湖北鄂州·中考真題)— The Law on Family Education Promotion (家庭教育促進法) _________ on Oct. 23, 2021.
— Yeah! It came into effect (生效) on Jan. 1, 2022.
A.passes B.was passed C.passed D.pass
25.(2022·湖北湖北·中考真題)—Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year.
—How creative!
A.is sending B.are sending C.is sent D.are sent
26.(2022·湖北十堰·中考真題)The Youth Sports Center on Zixiao Road ________ last year.
A.built B.was built C.has built D.was building
27.(2022·河北·中考真題)—Mmm…Delicious. What is it?
—It ________ zongzi, Tony. It’s a traditional food in China.
A.calls B.is called C.called D.was called
28.(2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題)—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A.organizes B.organized C.was organized D.will be organized
29.(2022·云南昆明·中考真題)The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it ________ to places across the world every day.
A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.will be sent
30.(2022·重慶·中考真題)His guitar ________ as a gift for him last week.
A.buys B.is bought C.bought D.was bought
31.(2022·重慶·中考真題)Last year, a new old people’s home ________ in our community.
A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built
32.(2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題)Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world today.
A.learns B.learned C.was learned D.is learned
33.(2022·江蘇南京·中考真題)It's said that an Asian Culture Village__________ inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built
34.(2021·貴州黔西·中考真題)—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China
—Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms(沙塵暴)could ________.
A.protect B.be protected C.stop D.be stopped
35.(2021·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題)More dinosaur fossils(化石), including footprints, bones or eggs, could ________ in the future.
A.discover B.be discovered C.have discovered D.be discovering
36.(2022·西藏·中考真題)— What were you doing ________ your mother was cooking dinner?
— I was doing my homework.
A.what B.before C.after D.while
37.(2022·江西·中考真題)Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students ________ rules to play it.
A.teach B.taught C.are taught D.were taught
38.(2021·四川資陽·中考真題)Tianwen 1 ________ into space last year and landed successfully on Mars recently.
A.sent B.is sent C.was sent D.had sent
39.(2021·江蘇徐州·中考真題)The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in September 2022. I can’t wait!
A.were held B.will be held C.have held D.are held
40.(2021·內蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題)In the year of 2020, each of us ________ by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan who taught us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will.
A.were greatly encouraged B.greatly encourages
C.greatly encouraged D.was greatly encouraged
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