現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):S + have/ has + V-過(guò)去分詞（dne）
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):be（been）+ V-過(guò)去分詞（dne）
Summary：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定式就是：主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+V-過(guò)去分詞
人教版2019版 高一 unit3 The Internet grammar【優(yōu)秀課件】
Q: What can yu find?
I have rdered a pizza fr yu.
A pizza has been rdered fr yu.
The Internet has changed ur life.
Our life has been changed by the Internet.
一、找出下面句子的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，哪些是主動(dòng)？哪些是被動(dòng)？Jan’s life has been greatly imprved by the Internet.The Internet has greatly imprved Jan’s life.Peple have written much abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web.Much has been written abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web.
have/has been dne
have/has been
Hw d we frm the present perfect passive vice?
二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)意義及結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去, 到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。動(dòng)詞和被修飾主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系（例句結(jié)合導(dǎo)學(xué)案P55）肯定式：have/has + been + v-ed...否定式：have/has + nt + been + v-ed...一般疑問句：Have/Has +主語(yǔ)+ been+v-特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have/has ＋主語(yǔ)+been+ v-
注意：下面情況下用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，即動(dòng)作的承受者是談話的中心。2.不知道或不必要或?yàn)榱宋?/禮貌, 不便說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。3. 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者帶有較長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)。
肯定形式：His hmewrk has been finished.否定形式：His hmewrk has nt been finished.一般疑問句:Has his hmewrk been finished yet?特殊疑問句：Hw lng has his hmewrk been finished?
主語(yǔ)+have/has been dne...
主語(yǔ)+have/has nt been dne...
have/has+主語(yǔ)+been
疑問詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+been
三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有三種情況：1) 表過(guò)去開始的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：fr+段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(從句)，these days, s far, up t nw, in the last/ past few years等。eg This class have been taught by Mr. Brwn fr tw years. His Chinese has been imprved a lt since he came t China. Rwling’s nvels have been translated int many freign languages s far.
2) 表某被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等連用。 eg The bike has nt been repaired yet.I have already been intrduced t Mr. Smith. 注意：有些動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 如不及物動(dòng)詞happen, take place, break ut等。
e.g: 在你的作業(yè)沒完成(finish)之前你不應(yīng)該離開學(xué)校。Yu shuldn't leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished.
3） 用在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)某時(shí)已完成的動(dòng)作，也就是用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)替代將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
注意：下來(lái)情況下用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：1.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，即動(dòng)作的承受者是談話的中心。2.不知道或不必要或?yàn)榱宋?/禮貌, 不便說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。3.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者帶有較長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)。
Tips: 常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) (是否都用完成時(shí))already 已經(jīng)　　　　　 yet 已經(jīng)recently/lately 最近 since then 從那時(shí)起ever since 自那以來(lái) ever 曾經(jīng)s far 迄今為止 fr a lng time 很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間by nw 到現(xiàn)在為止 in recent years 在最近幾年里in/during/ver the past/last years在過(guò)去的幾年里fr+時(shí)間段
1. I have dwnladed the sftware t help my phne battery last lnger.2. Smene has lst an identity card.3. Have yu cnfirmed the Wi-Fi passwrd?
The sftware has been dwnladed t help my phne battery last lnger.
An identity card has been lst.
Has the Wi-Fi passwrd been cnfirmed?
4. Have yu pressed the buttn yet t cpy the file?5. Has anyne made a cmment abut the nline database?
Has the buttn been pressed yet t cpy the file?
Has a/any cmment been made abut the nline database?
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的原則
例：They are building nine parks.
原句主語(yǔ) by的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)由主動(dòng) 被動(dòng)
原句意思不變 原句時(shí)態(tài)不變 原句主謂賓以外成分不變
Nine parks _________________ by them.
are being built
1 A: Why can't I access my accunt? B: ____ yur persnal infrmatin ____________ (update)?2 Bth learning sites _______________ (visit) by ver 10, 000 peple since last year.3 This keybard _______________ (nt use) fr a lng time.4 Can yu tell me what ____________ (d) t bridge the digital divide?5 In the past year I _______________ (inspire) t buy e-bks instead f paper bks.6 A: Where can I read thse cmments? B: Online. They _______________ (pst) already.7 It seems that mre health prblems _______________ (cause) by mbile phnes.8 That app ______________ (delete) frm my smartphne already.
Has been updated
have been visited
has nt been used
has been dne
have been inspired
1 Cmplete the sentences with the present perfect passive vice f the given verbs.
have been psted
have been caused
has been deleted
2 Find and crrect the mistake in each sentence.
EXAMPLEThis app∧ was used several times since I dwnladed it. has been1 Hw much mney has spent n the earthquake recvery?2 The girl is really upset because her new bicycle has stlen.3 These ld huses have been built in the 18th century.4 It's a pity that the letter has never sent t his father.5 Little had been seen f them since they mved int the huse dwn the street.
were built (有表明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ))
has (含有since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ))
Tip①由brrw，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，pen，jin, die等詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不能與表示段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如fr fur days, hw lng等連用，而要改換動(dòng)詞或者是時(shí)態(tài)。
判斷正誤:* He has died fr 3 years. （ ） * He died 3 years ag. （ ）
判斷正誤:*The patient has been taken gd care. （ ） *The patient has been taken gd care f. （ ）
Tip②短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能分割，而且不能省略短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。
Tip③帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 只能將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ), 原來(lái)的賓補(bǔ)保留不動(dòng), 改成主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
主動(dòng): I have asked her t help yu.被動(dòng): She has been asked t help yu.
Tip④如give, send, bring, take, teach, shw, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, prmise等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，若將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞。
主動(dòng): I have given him the key.被動(dòng): He has been given the key.被動(dòng): The key has been given t him.
Underline the use f the present perfect passive vice in the fllwing pem. Then fill in the chart belw.
Lk at the way yur face has been washedLk at the way yur teeth have been brushedLk at the way yur shes have been cleanedYu’d better d them again.
Lk at the way the flwers have been plantedLk at the way the grass has been cutLk at the way the paths have been sweptI hpe that yu’ll cme here again.
Lk at the way __________________________Listen t the way _________________________Lk at the way __________________________________________________________________
the picture has been painted
the sng has been written
the film has been made
Nw think abut what yu culd create.
Lk at the way ___________________________Lk at the way ___________________________Lk at the way ____________________________________________________________________
the needy have been helped
the river has been cleaned
the trees have been planted
Nw think hw t make the wrld a better place.
表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完 成或仍將持續(xù), 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響
have/has nt been dne
Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+been dne?
特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+been dne?
表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作
表示過(guò)去開始的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在
表示某被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果
動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不可分割也不可省略其中的介詞和副詞
不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無(wú)被動(dòng)
1. First as a PC and then as a laptp, I_________________(use) in ffices and hmes since the 1970s. 2. Over time my memry ________________ (develp) s much that I never frget anything I ________________(tld).3. Since the 1970s many new applicatins _________________ (find)fr me. 4. I have als ___________(put) int rbts and used t make mbile phnes as well as________ (help) with medical peratins.
has develped
have been tld
have been used
have been fund

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