?華附、省實(shí)、廣雅、深中2023屆高三四校聯(lián)考
英語
本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分, 共8頁, 滿分120分, 考試用時(shí)120分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng):
1. 答卷前, 考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的校名、姓名、考號(hào)、座位號(hào)等相關(guān)信息填寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi), 并用2B鉛筆填涂相關(guān)信息。
2. 選擇題每小題選出答案后, 用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑: 如需改動(dòng), 用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其它答案: 不能答在試卷上。
3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答, 答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上, 如需改動(dòng), 先劃掉原來的答案, 然后再寫上新的答案: 不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。
4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。
第一部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié), 滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題: 每小題2. 5分, 滿分37. 5分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
This summer, may we suggest switching your phone to airplane mode and getting lost in a book? It would be a good idea to curl up in your favorite chair with a book on the beach. Here are five brand new beach reads brimming with sunshine sand, romance and secret.
Out of the Clear Blue Sky by Kristan Higgins
Kristan Higgins spins a heartwarming and humorous tale of an empty nester going through some major life changes. The nurse has always put others first. But when her son’s departure for college coincides with her husband leaving her, life presents the perfect time to try to get herself back.
The Sea is Salt and so Am I by Cassandra Hartt
Cassandra Hartt’s debut young adult novel takes place on the coast of Maine, in a fictional town eroding into the ocean. Through different perspectives, this emotional and heartfelt story unpacks the trials of teenagers dealing with trust, love, dangerous tides, and growing up in a hometown that might not exist for much longer.
The Counselors by Jessica Goodman
What could be better than a juicy tale of friends at a prestigious summer camp. This fast-paced young adult thriller set at the fictional Camp Alpine Lake, will have you turning pages in suspense and feeling a craving for campfires at the same time.
Dog Friendly by Victoria Schade
Pet lovers, cat your heart out. The latest novel from dog trainer and author Victoria Schade features an overworked vet, Morgan Pearce, who escapes to Nantucket to recharge while taking care of her client’s dog. Unexpected romance is in store for her.
The Forest of Vanishing Stars by Kristin Harmel
Now available in paperback, the author tells a page-turning novel about a woman who, after being kidnapped, finds herself isolated and living in the wilderness of Eastern Europe during World War II. In an unexpected turn of events, she is suddenly thrust into teaching a group of Jewish people who escaped Nazi Germany how to survive in the forest.
1. Who are these books probably recommended to?
A. People taking a plane.
B. People working on the beach.
C. People going on holiday.
D. People longing to live by the sea.
2. Which of the following would you choose if you favour stories about teenage life?
A. The Counselors and Dog Friendly.
B. The Sea is Salt and so Am I and The Counselors.
C. The Counselors and The Forest of Vanishing Stars.
D. Out of the Clear Blue Sky and The Sea is Salt and so Am I.
3. What do these books have in common?
A. They are mainly fictional.
B. They are heartwarming tales.
C. They are tales set in coastal areas.
D. They are exploring the same theme.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要推薦了五本時(shí)候在海灘讀的書。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“This summer, may we suggest switching your phone to airplane mode and getting lost in a book? It would be a good idea to curl up in your favorite chair with a book on the beach. Here are five brand new beach reads brimming with sunshine sand, romance and secret.(今年夏天，我們是否可以建議你把手機(jī)調(diào)到飛行模式，沉浸在書中？在沙灘上蜷縮在你最喜歡的椅子上看書是個(gè)好主意。這里有五個(gè)全新的海灘讀物，充滿了陽光、沙灘、浪漫和秘密)”可推知，這些書是推薦給那些在海邊度假的人。故選C項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題The Sea is Salt and so Am I by Cassandra Hartt下的段落中“Cassandra Hartt’s debut young adult novel takes place on the coast of Maine, in a fictional town eroding into the ocean. Through different perspectives, this emotional and heartfelt story unpacks the trials of teenagers dealing with trust, love, dangerous tides, and growing up in a hometown that might not exist for much longer.(卡桑德拉·哈特的處女作是一部青少年小說，故事發(fā)生在緬因州海岸，一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的小鎮(zhèn)被海水侵蝕。通過不同的視角，這個(gè)充滿情感和發(fā)自內(nèi)心的故事揭示了青少年在面對信任、愛情、危險(xiǎn)的浪潮，以及在一個(gè)可能不會(huì)存在太久的家鄉(xiāng)長大的經(jīng)歷)”可知，如果你喜歡關(guān)于青少年生活的故事，可以看The Sea is Salt and so Am I by Cassandra Hartt。故選B項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Out of the Clear Blue Sky by Kristan Higgins下的段落中“Kristan Higgins spins a heartwarming and humorous tale of an empty nester going through some major life changes.(克里斯坦·希金斯講述了一個(gè)溫暖而幽默的故事，講述了一個(gè)空巢老人正在經(jīng)歷一些重大的生活變化)”，小標(biāo)題The Sea is Salt and so Am I by Cassandra Hartt下的段落中“Through different perspectives, this emotional and heartfelt story unpacks the trials of teenagers dealing with trust, love, dangerous tides, and growing up in a hometown that might not exist for much longer.(通過不同的視角，這個(gè)充滿情感和發(fā)自內(nèi)心的故事揭示了青少年在面對信任、愛情、危險(xiǎn)的浪潮，以及在一個(gè)可能不會(huì)存在太久的家鄉(xiāng)長大的經(jīng)歷)”，小標(biāo)題The Counselors by Jessica Goodman下的段落中“This fast-paced young adult thriller set at the fictional Camp Alpine Lake, will have you turning pages in suspense and feeling a craving for campfires at the same time.(這部以虛構(gòu)的阿爾卑斯湖營地為背景的快節(jié)奏青少年驚悚片，會(huì)讓你在懸念中翻頁，同時(shí)感覺對篝火的渴望)”，小標(biāo)題Dog Friendly by Victoria Schade下的段落中“Unexpected romance is in store for her.(意想不到的浪漫正等著她)”以及小標(biāo)題The Forest of Vanishing Stars by Kristin Harmel下的段落中“In an unexpected turn of events, she is suddenly thrust into teaching a group of Jewish people who escaped Nazi Germany how to survive in the forest.(在一個(gè)意想不到的轉(zhuǎn)折中，她突然被迫去教一群逃離納粹德國的猶太人如何在森林里生存)”可推知，這些書有共同的主題，生活中總會(huì)遇到一些出乎預(yù)料的事。全科試題免費(fèi)下載公眾號(hào)《高中僧課堂》故選D項(xiàng)。
B
Once on a dark winter’s day, when the yellow fog hung so thick and heavy in the streets of London that the lamps were lighted and the shop windows blazed with gas as they do at night, a Little girl sat in a cab with her father and was driven rather slowly through the big thoroughfares.
She leaned against her father, who held her in his arm, as she stared out of the window at the passing people with a queer (strange, odd) old-fashioned thoughtfulness in her big eyes.
Principally, she was thinking of what a queer thing it was that at one time one was in India in the blazing sun, and then in the middle of the ocean, and then driving in a strange vehicle through strange streets where the day was as dark as the night. She found this so puzzling that she moved closer to her father.
“What is it. darling?” Captain Crewe asked, holding her closer and looking down into her face.
During her short life only one thing had troubled her, and that thing was “the place” she was to be taken to some day. The climate of India was very bad for children, and as soon as possible they were sent away from it-generally to England and to school. She bad seen other children go away, and had heard their fathers and mothers talk about the letters they received from them1. She had known that she would be obliged to go also, and though sometimes her father’s stories of the voyage and the new country had attracted her, she had been troubled by the thought that he could not stay with her.
She had liked to think of that. To keep the house for her father; to ride with him, and sit at the head of his table when he had dinner parties; to talk to him and read his books - that would be what she would like most in the world, and if one must go away to “the place“ in England to attain it, she must make up her mind to go. She did not care very much for other little girls, but if she had plenty of books she could console herself.
It was a big, dull, brick house, exactly like all the others in its row, but that on the front door there shone a brass plate on which was engraved in black letters:
MISS MINCHIN, Select Seminary for Young Ladies.
“I don’t like it, papa, ” she said. “But then I dare say soldiers - even brave ones-don’t really like going into battle. ” Sara stood quietly, with her eyes fixed upon Miss Minchin’s face. She was thinking something odd, as usual.
4. What can we learn from the story?
A. Sara was bothered by her departure from her father.
B. Sara was about to be sent to London for a completely new life.
C. Sara was thinking of a way to escape being sent to a foreign country.
D. Sara was persuaded to receive further education in a prestigious school.
5. What does the underlined word “console“ in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A. entertain B. occupy
C. comfort D. improve
6. What does Sara probably think of her’ future in the new place?
A. She didn’t mind living with other girls.
B. She hated the idea of living independently.
C. She was positive about the new life at school.
D. She was confident to adapt to the new environment.
7. Which of the following writing skills is employed in the text?
A. The author compares Sara’s bravery to that of the soldiers.
B. The description of the surroundings is to add horror to the story.
C. The image of Sara is depicted through appearance and language.
D. Body language is employed to show the character’s state of mind.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了主人公去英國求學(xué)的故事背景。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句話“The climate of India was very bad for children, and as soon as possible they were sent away from it-generally to England and to school. (印度的氣候?qū)⒆觽儊碚f非常糟糕，他們很快就被送往英國和學(xué)校)”，“She had liked to think of that. To keep the house for her father; to ride with him, and sit at the head of his table when he had dinner parties; to talk to him and read his books - that would be what she would like most in the world, and if one must go away to “the place“ in England to attain it, she must make up her mind to go.(她喜歡這樣想。為她父親保管房子；和他一起騎馬，在他參加晚宴時(shí)坐在桌子的最前面；和他交談，讀他的書——這將是她在世界上最喜歡的事情，如果一個(gè)人必須去英國的“地方”去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，她必須下定決心去)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“MISS MINCHIN, Select Seminary for Young Ladies.(MINCHIN女士，為年輕女士選擇神學(xué)院)”可知，小女孩必須得去英國接受進(jìn)一步的教育，這是父母們所希望的。盡管她不想去，但是這是她做自己想做的事情之前必須要做的事情。由此可推知，小女孩決定去英國的一個(gè)神學(xué)院接受進(jìn)一步的教育。故選D。
【5題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前面的句子“She had liked to think of that. To keep the house for her father; to ride with him, and sit at the head of his table when he had dinner parties; to talk to him and read his books - that would be what she would like most in the world, and if one must go away to “the place“ in England to attain it, she must make up her mind to go.(她喜歡這樣想。為她父親保管房子；和他一起騎馬，在他參加晚宴時(shí)坐在桌子的最前面；和他交談，讀他的書——這將是她在世界上最喜歡的事情，如果一個(gè)人必須去英國的“地方”去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，她必須下定決心去)”以及劃線單詞前半句話“She did not care very much for other little girls(她不太關(guān)心其他小女孩)”可知，小女孩并不想去英國讀書，但是她必須要去。在那里她可能不認(rèn)識(shí)其她的小女孩，但是書可以安慰她寂寞的心靈。故換線單詞的意思為“安慰”。故選C。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段小女孩說的話““I don’t like it, papa, ” she said. “But then I dare say soldiers - even brave ones-don’t really like going into battle. ”(我不喜歡，爸爸，”她說?！暗腋艺f，士兵們——即使是勇敢的士兵也不喜歡參加戰(zhàn)斗?！?”可知，小女孩雖然不喜歡這個(gè)地方，但是她相信她會(huì)像一個(gè)勇敢的士兵一樣，去克服自己的困難。由此可推知，小女孩有信心去適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。故選D。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“She leaned against her father, who held her in his arm, as she stared out of the window at the passing people with a queer (strange, odd) old-fashioned thoughtfulness in her big eyes.(她靠在父親的身上，父親把她摟在懷里，她用一雙奇怪的、古怪的、老式的體貼的大眼睛凝視著窗外的路人)”可推知，作者使用了肢體語言，來描述作者現(xiàn)在的心里狀態(tài)。故選D。
C
Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature in which mental attempts are made to avoid the expected potential threats.
If we were to keep a record of all the things we worried about during a given period of time, we would discover, in reviewing them, that the great majority of our expected problems or troubles never come to pass. This means that most of the time we devote to worrying, which pushes us to try to come up with a solution to what is troubling us, is wasted, Thus, we not only caused ourselves unnecessary mental pain, but took up valuable minutes and hours that could’ve been spent elsewhere.
To avoid this it is often necessary to stay calm and trace the sources of worry. More importantly, we should analyze the situation and see whether it is the very problem that is bothering us. Blindly feeling nervous about whether the problem can be solved is sometimes ridiculous, for the problems do not exist. Once, shortly before a major concert, a member of Arturo Toscanini’s orchestra approached the great Italian conductor with an expression of fear on his face. “Maestro (大師), ”the musician said, “my instrument is not working properly. I cannot reach the note of E-flat. Whatever will I do? We are to begin in a few moments.” Toscanini looked at the man with amazement. Then he smiled kindly and placed an arm around his shoulders. “My friend, ” he replied, “Do not worry about it. The note E-flat does not appear anywhere in the music that you will be playing this evening. ”
The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary.
8. What do we know about worry from the first two paragraphs?
A. It requires people to record and review the trouble later.
B. It drives people to try and stay safe from anticipated trouble.
C. It’s referred to as negative ideas about things that will never happen.
D. It causes a waste of time that should be spent on solving the problem.
9. The example of the orchestra mentioned in Paragraph 3 is to argue that ________.
A the note E-flat does not appear in the music
B. wrongly analyzing the problem is ridiculous
C. it’s not wise to be disturbed by something imaginary
D. a man of wisdom is able to deal with1 worry effectively
10. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Arturo Toscanini was a great Italian musician from Italy.
B. Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature.
C. Time wasted on worry should be spent on something meaningful.
D. People feel annoyed by worry because of psychological problems.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The source of worry.
B. How to deal with worry.
C. The definition of worry.
D. How worry affects people.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。本文通過分析人們產(chǎn)出憂慮的原因給出了解決憂慮的方法。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature in which mental attempts are made to avoid the expected potential threats.（憂慮被定義為消極的想法和形象，在這種想法和形象中，人們在心理上試圖避免預(yù)期的潛在威脅。）”和第二段“If we were to keep a record of all the things we worried about during a given period of time, we would discover, in reviewing them, that the great majority of our expected problems or troubles never come to pass. This means that most of the time we devote to worrying, which pushes us to try to come up with a solution to what is troubling us, is wasted, Thus, we not only caused ourselves unnecessary mental pain, but took up valuable minutes and hours that could’ve been spent elsewhere.（如果我們把一段時(shí)間內(nèi)我們所擔(dān)心的所有事情都記錄下來，在回顧它們的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們所預(yù)期的問題或麻煩絕大多數(shù)都不會(huì)發(fā)生。這意味著我們花在擔(dān)憂上的大部分時(shí)間都被浪費(fèi)了，這些時(shí)間促使我們努力想出解決困擾我們的問題的方法。因此，我們不僅給自己造成了不必要的精神痛苦，還占用了本可以花在其他地方的寶貴的分鐘和小時(shí)。）”可知，前兩段可以得知，擔(dān)憂浪費(fèi)了本應(yīng)花在解決問題上的時(shí)間。故選D。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“To avoid this, it is often necessary to stay calm and trace the sources of worry. More importantly, we should analyze the situation and see whether it is the very problem that is bothering us. Blindly feeling nervous about whether the problem can be solved is sometimes nidicolous, for the problems do not exist. Once, shortly before a major concert, a member of Arturo Toscanini’s orchestra approached the great Italian conductor with an expression of fear on his face. ‘Maestro (大師), ’the musician said, ‘my instrument is not working properly. I cannot reach the note of E-flat. Whatever will I do? We are to begin in a few moments. ’ Toscanini looked at the man with amazement. Then he smiled kindly and placed an arm around his shoulders. ‘My friend, ’ he replied, ‘Do not worry about it. The note E-flat does not appear anywhere in the music that you will be playing this evening. ’（為了避免這種情況，通常有必要保持冷靜，尋找擔(dān)憂的根源。更重要的是，我們應(yīng)該分析形勢，看看是不是問題本身在困擾我們。盲目地為問題能否解決而緊張有時(shí)是可笑的，因?yàn)閱栴}并不存在。有一次，在一場大型音樂會(huì)上，阿圖羅·托斯卡尼尼(Arturo Toscanini)樂隊(duì)的一名成員臉上帶著恐懼的表情走近這位偉大的意大利指揮家?！按髱煟币魳芳艺f，“我的樂器不能正常工作了。我唱不到降e音。我該怎么辦呢?我們馬上就要開始了?！蓖兴箍崮狍@訝地看著這個(gè)人。然后他和藹地笑了笑，把一只胳膊搭在他的肩膀上。他回答說:“我的朋友，不要為這事?lián)?。降e音在你今晚演奏的樂曲中是沒有出現(xiàn)的?！保笨芍谌翁岬教岬降墓芟覙逢?duì)的例子為了說明，被想象的東西打擾是不明智的。故選C。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary. （下次當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在為某些事情擔(dān)心時(shí)，明智的做法是停下來問問自己問題是什么，它是否會(huì)發(fā)生。然后我們就可以繼續(xù)做一些更有意義的事情，或者至少避免被一些想象的事情打擾。）”可知，浪費(fèi)在憂慮上的時(shí)間應(yīng)該花在有意義的事情上。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary. （下次當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在為某些事情擔(dān)心時(shí)，明智的做法是停下來問問自己問題是什么，它是否會(huì)發(fā)生。然后我們就可以繼續(xù)做一些更有意義的事情，或者至少避免被一些想象的事情打擾。）”可知，本文主要講述了如何處理憂慮。故選B。
D
One of the most important changes cities must make to improve life in them is to separate people from their cars. Even when you have a strong public transport system in moving people between population hubs, the last mile - that section between the railway station and someone’s home, for example - can lead to car use if it’s considered too far or too dangerous to walk.
The idea of a low-traffic neighbourhood (LTN) - where cars are banned from quieter ‘rat runs’ (偏僻小路) to keep them on the major routes - has taken off in parts of the UK. LTNs attempt to filter out cars from residential streets using bollards, camera-controlled gates or even planters full of flowers placed across the road, while pedestrians, cyclists and emergency vehicles can still pass.
Analysis for the active transport charity Sustrans found that “driving a mile on a minor urban road is twice as likely to kill or seriously injure a child pedestrian, and three times more likely to kill or seriously injure a child cyclist, compared to driving a mile on an urban A-road,” and that heavy car traffic in residential areas can lead to a rise in social isolation. LTNs reduce this danger, leading to a three-fold reduction in injuries, and have been shown to increase the number of visitors to local businesses.
Also popular are e-scooter hire trials, which are taking place in towns and cities including Middlesbrough, Bristol and Chelmsford. The trials see gaggles of electric scooters available to be picked up from street corners. The scooters are hired using an app and then, once they’re finished with, parked elsewhere inside the trial area, where they’re collected and recharged by the hiring company. A Department of Transport report on e-scooter use found they were “widely perceived to have environmental and convenience benefits,” but suffered from comparisons to children’s toys.
But that’s not all. The world’s first hub for demonstrating electric air taxis and drones opened in Coventry earlier this year. The taxis and drones based at the hub all take off and land vertically like helicopters and are being used to travel short journeys or deliver cargo.
Weaning us off our car addiction is one of the more difficult barriers standing between us and healthier cities. The first step that needs to be taken will be to tackle the dominance of the car.
12. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. People are considered reliant on cars to travel.
B. Public transport system still needs improvement.
C. Pollution from cars has an impact on people’s life quality.
D. Residential areas are usually far away from the railway station.
13. What do we know about the idea of an LTN?
A. It’s a way to encourage social interaction and local business.
B. It’s a series of measures to reserve the streets to walking residents.
C. It’s a system that employs high technology to keep cars on the main roads.
D. It’s a practice proved effective in keeping children safe from traffic accidents.
14. What’s the structure of the text?
P=Paragraph
A. B.
C. D.
15. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To call on readers to construct a healthier city.
B. To promote the latest developments in car alternatives.
C. To introduce possible ways to get rid of dependence on cars.
D. To inform citizens of technological advances to tackle social problems.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章指出人們過于依賴汽車，這不利于健康城市的建設(shè)，因此需要解除對汽車的依賴，并提出三個(gè)措施。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“One of the most important changes cities must make to improve life in them is to separate people from their cars. (為了改善城市的生活，城市必須做出的最重要的改變之一就是將人們與汽車分開。)”可知，改善城市生活最重要的改變就是將人們與汽車分開，可見人們出行對汽車很依賴。故選A項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Analysis for the active transport charity Sustrans found that “driving a mile on a minor urban road is twice as likely to kill or seriously injure a child pedestrian, and three times more likely to kill or seriously injure a child cyclist, compared to driving a mile on an urban A-road,” and that heavy car traffic in residential areas can lead to a rise in social isolation. LTNs reduce this danger, leading to a three-fold reduction in injuries, and have been shown to increase the number of visitors to local businesses. (積極交通慈善機(jī)構(gòu)Sustrans進(jìn)行的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，“與在城市一級(jí)道路上行駛一英里相比，在城市次要道路上行駛一英里，導(dǎo)致兒童行人死亡或嚴(yán)重受傷的可能性是前者的兩倍，而導(dǎo)致兒童騎自行車者死亡或嚴(yán)重傷害的可能性是前者的三倍”，居民區(qū)的汽車交通擁擠可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)孤立的加劇。LTN減少了這一危險(xiǎn)，導(dǎo)致受傷人數(shù)減少了三倍，并已表明增加了當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的游客數(shù)量。)”可知，LTN使得在次要道路上因交通工具導(dǎo)致的兒童重傷和死亡人數(shù)減少，因此它被證實(shí)是使孩子遠(yuǎn)離交通事故的有效措施。故選D項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“One of the most important changes cities must make to improve life in them is to separate people from their cars. (為了改善城市的生活，城市必須做出的最重要的改變之一就是將人們與汽車分開。)”可知，改善城市生活最重要的改變就是將人們與汽車分開，可見人們出行對汽車很依賴，本文旨在解決這個(gè)問題；根據(jù)第二段第一句“The idea of a low-traffic neighbourhood (LTN) - where cars are banned from quieter ‘rat runs’ (偏僻小路) to keep them on the major routes - has taken off in parts of the UK. (低交通量社區(qū)（LTN）的想法已經(jīng)在英國部分地區(qū)流行起來。在這里，汽車被禁止在較安靜的“老鼠跑道”上行駛，以保證它們在主干道上行駛。)”，第四段第一句“Also popular are e-scooter hire trials, which are taking place in towns and cities including Middlesbrough, Bristol and Chelmsford. (試行電子滑板車租賃也很受歡迎，目前正在米德爾斯堡、布里斯托爾和切爾姆斯福德等城鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行。)”和第五段第一二句“But that’s not all. The world’s first hub for demonstrating electric air taxis and drones opened in Coventry earlier this year. (但這還不是全部。今年早些時(shí)候，世界上第一個(gè)演示電動(dòng)空中出租車和無人機(jī)的中心在考文垂開始營業(yè)。)”可知，二，四，五段分別提出一種措施；根據(jù)第三段最后一句“LTNs reduce this danger, leading to a three-fold reduction in injuries, and have been shown to increase the number of visitors to local businesses. (LTN減少了這一危險(xiǎn)，導(dǎo)致受傷人數(shù)減少了三倍，并已表明增加了當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的游客數(shù)量。)”可知，第三段延續(xù)第二段，繼續(xù)討論LTN。因此文章結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是總分總，第一段總起介紹，第二三段討論措施一，第四段討論措施二，第五段討論措施三，第六段總結(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文最后一段“Weaning us off our car addiction is one of the more difficult barriers standing between us and healthier cities. The first step that needs to be taken will be to tackle the dominance of the car. (讓我們擺脫對汽車的依賴是我們與更健康的城市之間更困難的障礙之一。需要采取的第一步是解決汽車的主導(dǎo)地位。)”可知，文章最后作者再次強(qiáng)調(diào)要擺脫對汽車的依賴，而前文幾段也提出了三種措施，故可推測本文作者旨在介紹解除汽車依賴的措施。故選C項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題: 每小題2. 5分, 滿分12. 5分)
根據(jù)下面短文, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning. ____16____ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse.
Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren’t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. ____17____
In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to reach the post-training level. But how quickly you regain your former fitness depends on how fit you were initially, how long the layoff was. how old you are and how long you’d been exercising.
____18____ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness. And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training. The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. ____19____
Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. ____20____ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again.
A. The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”.
B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way.
C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting.
D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought.
E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two.
F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have.
G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了肌肉記憶是一種你先前訓(xùn)練的肌肉在一段時(shí)間不用后，會(huì)獲得力量的現(xiàn)象，它是你過去為學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)付出的所有努力的回報(bào)，之前你鍛煉得越多，你的肌肉記憶力就會(huì)儲(chǔ)存得越多。
【16題詳解】
上文“People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning.(人們把永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記如何騎自行車或投擲棒球作為“肌肉記憶”的例子，這是運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)能學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果)”指出人們用舉例子的方法給“肌肉記憶”下定義，下文“It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse.(這是一種現(xiàn)象，先前訓(xùn)練的肌肉在一段時(shí)間不用后，會(huì)獲得力量。)”是“肌肉記憶”的定義，由此可知，空處引起下文，指出其他人對肌肉記憶的定義，B項(xiàng)“Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way.(另一方面，生理學(xué)家則用不同的方式來定義它。)”指出生物學(xué)家給“肌肉記憶”下了定義，其中“it”代指上文“muscle memory”，故選B。
【17題詳解】
上文“Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity.(一旦你有了額外的原子核，你就是在儲(chǔ)蓄能量。)”指出有了額外的原子核，你就是在儲(chǔ)蓄能量，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出我們應(yīng)該如何做才能挖掘出自己的能量，A項(xiàng)“The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”.(最好的方法就是“重新振作起來”。)”符合，同時(shí)順承下文，下文“In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to reach the post-training level.(事實(shí)上，最近的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，要達(dá)到培訓(xùn)后的水平，只需要不到8周的再培訓(xùn)。)”描述了要通過在培訓(xùn)來挖掘自己的能量，故選A。
【18題詳解】
上文“But how quickly you regain your former fitness depends on how fit you were initially, how long the layoff was. how old you are and how long you’d been exercising.(但是你恢復(fù)健康的速度取決于你最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間。)”提到一項(xiàng)研究指出要恢復(fù)到之前的水平，需要考慮最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間，你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間幾個(gè)方面，下文“It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness.(這意味當(dāng)談到恢復(fù)您以前的健康水平時(shí)，你仍然有一個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢。)”指出你仍然有優(yōu)勢恢復(fù)到之前的水平，空出應(yīng)該承上啟下，G項(xiàng)“All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme.(所有這些關(guān)于肌肉記憶的新聞對于那些脫離健身計(jì)劃的人來說都是鼓舞人心的。)”符合，“All this news”指上文提到的“你恢復(fù)健康的速度取決于你最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間”，“fell off the fitness scheme”和下文“your former level of fitness”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。
【19題詳解】
上文“The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity.(恢復(fù)肌肉記憶的最好方法是從一個(gè)低于你習(xí)慣做的水平開始，然后逐漸增加持續(xù)時(shí)間、頻率和強(qiáng)度。)”指出恢復(fù)肌肉記憶的最好方法是從低于你習(xí)慣做的水平開始，然后逐漸增加持續(xù)時(shí)間、頻率和強(qiáng)度這些要素，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，繼續(xù)談?wù)撊绾位謴?fù)肌肉記憶，E項(xiàng)“It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two.(通常情況下，每周或每兩周將這些要素增加5%是安全的。)”符合，其中“these elements”代指上文“duration, frequency, then intensity”，故選E。
【20題詳解】
上文“Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport.(歸根結(jié)底，肌肉記憶是你過去為學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)付出的所有努力的回報(bào)。)”指出肌肉記憶和你之前的付出的關(guān)系，肌肉記憶是你過去學(xué)習(xí)的回報(bào)，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have.(很明顯，你鍛煉得越多，你的肌肉記憶力就會(huì)儲(chǔ)存得越多。)”符合，繼續(xù)解釋肌肉記憶與你之前的鍛煉的關(guān)系，故選F。
第二部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié), 滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題: 每小題1分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
The most important life lesson I’ve learned from running is to run at my own pace. This lesson has guided me in many ways. ____21____, it made me challenge the fixed expectations of retirement and aging.
Running is a metaphor for life. I realized this while ____22____ for a marathon to celebrate my 60th birthday. All the other runners being faster than me made me ____23____. But my coach shared some valuable advice: run at your own best pace. Setting a goal or target time could be a ____24____. He was right. ____25____, I ran more easily and faster. I also enjoyed the experience much more.
I have ____26____ this principle to other areas of my life. Finding a rhythm is not about ____27____ or how many things I can get done in a day. It has more to do with what I decide to do at this stage in my life.
Running carries its own set of expectations, including what it meant to be a strong runner. But expectations also ____28____ to other areas of life, including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing. Expectations at my age can ____29____ how leisure time is spent, decisions about employment and even the role of a ____30____.
I used to think it was young people who bore the brunt(沖擊)of ____31____, but older adults can experience it too. This is ____32____, because often later in life is a time when we are less inclined to care about the opinions of others.
That is the message my running coach was trying to convey. ____33____ what others are doing.
Their pace is not ____34____ the pace you should run at. Run in your own way. It’s not better or worse -only ____35____.
21. A. In turn B. In particular C. In advance D. In depth
22. A. training B. struggling C. competing D. searching
23. A. pitiful B. grateful C. impressed D. embarrassed
24. A. resolution B. practice C. limitation D. motivation
25. A. Against time B. Ahead of time C. Of all time D. Over time
26. A. exposed B. compared C. applied D. suggested
27. A. music B. business C. requirement D. efficiency
28. A. subscribe B. extend C. contribute D. refer
29. A. center on B. hope for C. decide on D. call for
30. A. boss B. grandparent C. athlete D. citizen
31. A. peer pressure B. separation anxiety C. sleeping disorder D. age discrimination
32. A. natural B. unacceptable C. ironic D. significant
33. A. Mind B. Expect C. Forget D. Abandon
34. A. basically B. gradually C. alternatively D. necessarily
35. A. different B. amazing C. common D. fair
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過教練給自己的意見，明白了不需要太在乎他人怎么做，做好自己就行。
【21題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：特別是，它讓我挑戰(zhàn)了對退休和衰老的固定預(yù)期。A. In turn輪流；B. In particular特別；C. In advance提前；D. In depth深入地。根據(jù)前文“This lesson has guided me in many ways.”以及后文“it made me challenge the fixed expectations of retirement and aging.”可知，跑步在很多方面指導(dǎo)作者，特別是讓作者挑戰(zhàn)了對退休和衰老的固定預(yù)期。故選B項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我是在參加馬拉松比賽慶祝我的60歲生日時(shí)意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)的。A. training培訓(xùn)；B. struggling奮斗；C. competing參加比賽；D. searching搜索。根據(jù)后文“All the other runners being faster than me”可知，作者是在參加比賽。故選C項(xiàng)。
23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：其他選手都比我跑得快，這使我很尷尬。A. pitiful可憐的；B. grateful感激的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)前文“All the other runners being faster than me”可知，其他所有選手都比我快，這使我尷尬。故選D項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)或目標(biāo)時(shí)間可以是一種練習(xí)。A. resolution決心；B. practice訓(xùn)練；C. limitation限制；D. motivation動(dòng)力。根據(jù)前文“Setting a goal or target time”以及后文“I ran more easily and faster.”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，設(shè)立目標(biāo)或者目標(biāo)時(shí)間去練習(xí)，然后作者跑得更輕松更快了。故選B項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我跑得更輕松更快了。A. Against time盡快地；B. Ahead of time提前；C. Of all time始終；D. Over time隨著時(shí)間的過去。根據(jù)后文“I ran more easily and faster.”可知，作者跑得更輕松更快了，但是需要時(shí)間，才能有這種感覺。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把這個(gè)原則應(yīng)用到我生活的其他方面。A. exposed暴露；B. compared比較；C. applied應(yīng)用；D. suggested建議。根據(jù)后文“to other areas of my life”可知，是作者把“用你自己最好的速度跑步”這個(gè)原則應(yīng)用到生活的其他方面。故選C項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：找到節(jié)奏與效率無關(guān)，也與一天能做多少事無關(guān)。A. music音樂；B. business商業(yè)；C. requirement要求；D. efficiency效率。根據(jù)后文“how many things I can get done in a day”可知，此處是指效率。故選D項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但期望也延伸到生活的其他領(lǐng)域，包括人們在某些生命階段應(yīng)該做什么或不應(yīng)該做什么。A. subscribe訂閱；B. extend擴(kuò)大；C. contribute貢獻(xiàn)；D. refer涉及。根據(jù)后文“including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing.”可知，此處表達(dá)“期望也延伸到生活的其他領(lǐng)域”之意。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在我這個(gè)年紀(jì)，人們的期望可能集中在休閑時(shí)間如何度過、就業(yè)決定，甚至是祖父母的角色。A. center on著重在；B. hope for盼；C. decide on決定；D. call for呼吁。根據(jù)前文“including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing.”可知，期望告訴人們在某些生命階段應(yīng)該做什么或不應(yīng)該做什么，所以此處是說作者這個(gè)年齡主要想做什么。故選A項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：在我這個(gè)年紀(jì)，人們的期望可能集中在休閑時(shí)間如何度過、就業(yè)決定，甚至是祖父母的角色。A. boss老板；B. grandparent祖父母；C. athlete運(yùn)動(dòng)員；D. citizen公民。根據(jù)前文“Running is a metaphor for life. I realized this while 　　　　2　　　　 for a marathon to celebrate my 60th birthday.”可知，作者已經(jīng)60歲了，所以是期望成為祖父母。故選B項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞短語辨析。句意：我過去認(rèn)為是年輕人承受了同齡人的壓力，但老年人也會(huì)經(jīng)歷這種壓力。A. peer pressure同輩壓力；B. separation anxiety分離焦慮；C. sleeping disorder睡眠障礙；D. age discrimination年齡歧視。根據(jù)后文“because often later in life is a time when we are less inclined to care about the opinions of others.”可知，“我們”這個(gè)年紀(jì)的人不關(guān)心別人的看法，給他人壓力。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是很自然的，因?yàn)橥ǔＴ谏暮笃冢覀儾惶珒A向于關(guān)心別人的看法。A. natural自然的；B. unacceptable不可接受的；C. ironic諷刺的；D. significant重要的。根據(jù)后文“because often later in life is a time when we are less inclined to care about the opinions of others.”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，在生命的后期，我們不太傾向于關(guān)心別人的看法，是很自然的事情。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：忘記別人在做什么。A. Mind介意；B. Expect預(yù)計(jì)；C. Forget忘記；D. Abandon遺棄。根據(jù)前文“But my coach shared some valuable advice: run at your own best pace.”可知，作者教練建議作者用自己的速度跑，所以是忘記別人在做什么，做好自己就行。故選C項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的速度不一定是你應(yīng)該跑的速度。A. basically基本上；B. gradually逐步地；C. alternatively或者；D. necessarily必然地。根據(jù)后文“Run in your own way.”可知，作者明白別人的跑的速度不一定是自己的跑步速度。故選D項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有好壞之分，只是不同而已。A. different不同的；B. amazing令人大為驚奇的；C. common常見的；D. fair公平的。根據(jù)前文“Their pace is not 　　　　14　　　　 the pace you should run at.”可知，他們的速度不一定是你應(yīng)該跑的速度，所以無關(guān)好壞，只是速度不同。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The once-futuristic idea of sequencing every newborn child’s DNA to screen for genes that could shape their future health is being put to two major tests. The United Kingdom this week announced plans to sequence the genomes(基因組)of 100, 000 newborns for about 200 rare genetic diseases starting next year. In New York City, a similar project ____36____(screen)100, 000 babies.
The goal is to catch treatable diseases that standard newborn screening cannot detect. ____37____ sequencing delivers an early warning of a problem, the baby could receive care that prevents permanent disability or even death.
But sequencing the full genomes of new-borns raises a host of ethical questions, including ____38____ will get access to the data, and whether ____39____ will needlessly worry parents by revealing genes that may never cause serious illness. “We’re really aware of the ____40____(complex) of the questions, ” says Richard Scott, chief medical officer for Genomics England, the government-funded company ____41____(run) the U. K. project. At the same time, he says, “There is a really pressing need“ to detect more childhood diseases.
In many countries, ____42____ drop of blood from every newborn’s heel is screened, using mostly biochemical ____43____(test), for up to several dozen genetic diseases. They range from metabolic disorders ____44____ can be treated with a special diet to muscle diseases that have drug treatments. Whole-genome sequencing, which is much ____45____(costly)-up to $1000, could detect many more disorders, such as thyroid conditions that can cause brain damage.
【答案】36. will screen
37 Because

38. who 39. it
40. complexity
41. running
42. the 43. tests
44. which##that
45. costlier
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了在英國和美國宣布了一個(gè)對新生兒的DNA進(jìn)行測序的計(jì)劃，該計(jì)劃旨在通過基因測試篩選可能影響他們未來健康的基因。但是很多人對此產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)疑，覺得該測序會(huì)引發(fā)一系列倫理問題。
【36題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在紐約市，一個(gè)類似的項(xiàng)目將篩選10萬名嬰兒。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為句子的謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“The United Kingdom this week announced plans to sequence the genomes(基因組)of 100, 000 newborns for about 200 rare genetic diseases starting next year”可知，在紐約，一個(gè)相似的項(xiàng)目將篩選10萬名嬰兒，句子為一般將來時(shí)。故填will screen。
【37題詳解】
考查原因狀語從句。句意：因?yàn)闇y序可以提供問題的早期預(yù)警，所以嬰兒可以得到預(yù)防永久殘疾甚至死亡的護(hù)理。根據(jù)語境可知，因?yàn)榛驕y序能夠?qū)τ趩栴}進(jìn)行早期預(yù)警，所以嬰兒可以得到更早更好的護(hù)理。前后為因果關(guān)系，空處引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填Because。
【38題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：但是，對新生兒的全基因組測序引發(fā)了一系列倫理問題，包括誰將獲得這些數(shù)據(jù)，以及揭示可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重疾病的基因是否會(huì)不必要地讓父母擔(dān)心。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句中缺少賓語，根據(jù)句意可知，引起的倫理問題中包括誰將獲取這些數(shù)據(jù)，所以用who引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填who。
【39題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：但是，對新生兒的全基因組測序引發(fā)了一系列倫理問題，包括誰將獲得這些數(shù)據(jù)，以及揭示可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重疾病的基因是否會(huì)不必要地讓父母擔(dān)心?？仗幹复拔闹械?sequencing。it可用來指代前文中出現(xiàn)的那個(gè)事情。故填it。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：負(fù)責(zé)英國項(xiàng)目的政府資助公司Genomics England的首席醫(yī)療官理查德·斯科特（Richard Scott）表示：“我們確實(shí)意識(shí)到了問題的復(fù)雜性?！备鶕?jù)空前的the可知，本空需要名詞。complex為形容詞“復(fù)雜的”，其名詞形式為complexity。故填complexity。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：負(fù)責(zé)英國項(xiàng)目的政府資助公司Genomics England的首席醫(yī)療官理查德·斯科特（Richard Scott）表示：“我們確實(shí)意識(shí)到了問題的復(fù)雜性?！?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，和修飾的名詞之間為為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填running。
【42題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：在許多國家，新生兒足跟的滴血都會(huì)進(jìn)行篩查，主要是生化檢測，以檢測多達(dá)幾十種遺傳疾病。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處用定冠詞the，特指新生兒的足跟血。故填the。
【43題詳解】
考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在許多國家，新生兒足跟的滴血都會(huì)進(jìn)行篩查，主要是生化檢測，以檢測多達(dá)幾十種遺傳疾病。根據(jù)句意可知，這些檢測大多數(shù)是生化檢測，所以空處需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填tests。
【44題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：它們的范圍從可以用特殊飲食治療的代謝紊亂到可以用藥物治療的肌肉疾病。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞disorders。先行詞指物，在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：全基因組測序成本高達(dá)1000美元，可以檢測更多疾病，如甲狀腺疾病，這些疾病會(huì)導(dǎo)致大腦損傷。根據(jù)空前的much和句意可知，空處需要形容詞的比較級(jí)，表示全基因檢測的費(fèi)用更高。故填costlier。
第三部分 寫作(共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華。你校上周五舉行了有關(guān)個(gè)人職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃的活動(dòng)。請你為學(xué)校英文刊物 “Campus Weckly”寫一篇活動(dòng)報(bào)道。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容及過程；
2. 活動(dòng)反響。
注意:
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為應(yīng)為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
A Stepping Stone to Career
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Stepping Stone to Career
Last Friday, our school invited some experts to give lectures about career planning with the purpose of giving some instructions about career choices.
In the lecture, the experts gave us some advice on how to choose careers and what we should do for our future careers. Furthermore, the experts analysed the top careers which are in great need for us. The lectures helped the students find out their interest in their careers. All the students who attended it thought highly of it. Hopefully, every one of us can find our dream career．
In the lecture, the experts gave us some advice on how to choose careers and what we should do for our future careers．
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生為學(xué)校英文刊物 “Campus Weckly”寫一篇關(guān)于你校上周五舉行了有關(guān)個(gè)人職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃的活動(dòng)的報(bào)道。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
專家：expert→specialist
講座：lecture→speech
建議：advice→suggestion
另外：furthermore→in addition
2. 句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Last Friday, our school invited some experts to give lectures about career planning with the purpose of giving some instructions about career choices.
拓展句：Last Friday, our school invited some experts to give lectures about career planning to give some instructions about career choices.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]In the lecture, the experts gave us some advice on how to choose careers and what we should do for our future careers.(what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
[高分句型2]Furthermore, the experts analysed the top careers which are in great need for us.(which引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段, 使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Morty was checking out his library books when it caught his eye-a poster for Adventure Rocks Kids Camp. “Check this out!” Morty called to Ben and Fred as he grabbed three brochures and dashed to catch up with his best buddies. They all stopped, books in hands, to stare at the pictures of kids flying above canyons suspended from zip lines. They instantly believed the brochure’s headline: Summer won’t be complete until you Take it to the Limit at Adventure Rocks Kids Camp.
Ben broke the silence, “We have less than two weeks until registration opens, and it says the camp fills up fast.” Then an idea popped into Morty’s head. “Why don’t we sell lemonade and snacks by the side of the road? We can pool our allowance savings for the camp.” “That’s a great Idea,” Ben said.
The sun had barely come up on Saturday morning when the kids set up their business. They chose a spot, asked permission from the homeowner, and then asked to use her garden hose for water to make lemonade.
Their business went smoothly until Ben announced that they had a comparatively small stock of lemons shortly after noon. Morty decided to make their stock go further. “Fred, when the jug gets down to one-fourth full, just fill it to the top with the water hose.” Morty was thinking out loud, “I’ll change the sign and charge 30 more cents for each cup of lemonade.” Their business went on and the three were secretly proud of the little tricks they had done.
Just as Morty finished refilling the jug with water for the third time, a vehicle rounded the comer. Morty saw the minivan with his father at the wheel and his family inside. They pulled up to the sidewalk, and his brothers and sisters jumped out, each clutching a coin or two. They were eager to support their brother’s bustling business. Morty’s family bought the last of the brownies and drank the last drop of watered-down lemonade.
注意:1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)150左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡得相應(yīng)位置做答。
Morty’s father frowned at the sip of the lemonade.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Morty’s father frowned at the sip of the lemonade. As to him, it tasted more like water. Overwhelmed with confusion, he asked directly, “What’s wrong? It tastes just like cold water.” The moment Morty heard his father’s doubt, he stood awkwardly, not sure what to say. Fred and Ben were also speechless. A moment later, they admitted what they had done. Although Morty’s father was disappointed, he said, “You still have time to correct your wrongdoings.” Hearing this, they nodded immediately.
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week. Ben suggested to use the money earned to prepare enough lemons first and then reduce the price. They all agreed. When they restarted their business, they even stood a sign, saying, “We send a cup of lemonade to customers who bought it last Saturday afternoon for free.” They made over 50 cups of lemonade for a constant stream of customers with a low price and over 20 cups were for free. As you can imagine, they didn’t get enough money for the camp. But they learned a valuable lesson that one should always be honest.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以故事情節(jié)發(fā)展為線索，講述了Morty，Ben和Fred三個(gè)孩子因?yàn)橄肴⒓酉牧顮I，在路邊擺攤賣檸檬水賺報(bào)名費(fèi)。隨著檸檬越來越少，他們打起了歪主意：往檸檬汁里兌水并提價(jià)。后來，Morty的家人開心地來照顧生意。他的爸爸喝出了檸檬水的問題，不禁發(fā)出疑問。幾個(gè)孩子沉默片刻，還是承認(rèn)了錯(cuò)誤。在Morty爸爸的鼓勵(lì)下，他們決定第二周彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)誤。隨后，他們用賺到的錢購買了足量的檸檬，降價(jià)，并主動(dòng)聲明給上周周六下午購買檸檬水的顧客免費(fèi)送一杯檸檬水?？上攵?，他們最終沒有錢參加夏令營，但是他們懂得了珍貴的一課：做人要保持誠信。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Morty的父親喝了一口檸檬水，皺起了眉頭”可知，第一段可描寫Morty的爸爸發(fā)現(xiàn)了檸檬水的問題后，幾個(gè)孩子很尷尬地承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤的場景，以及Morty爸爸建議他們怎么做。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“他們決定下周改正他們的錯(cuò)誤”可知，第二段可描寫他們?nèi)绾胃恼约旱腻e(cuò)誤。
2.續(xù)寫線索：發(fā)現(xiàn)夏令營傳單——想?yún)⒓印獢[檸檬水?dāng)傎崍?bào)名費(fèi)——檸檬水兌水被發(fā)現(xiàn)——承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤——糾正錯(cuò)誤——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①糾正：correct/rectify
②建議：suggest/recommend
情緒類
①疑惑：Overwhelmed with confusion/filled with confusion
②尷尬地：awkwardly/embarrassedly
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]The moment Morty heard his father’s doubt, he stood awkwardly, not sure what to say.（由連詞the moment引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）
[高分句型2]We send a cup of lemonade to customers who bought it last Saturday afternoon for free.（由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句）


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這是一份2022屆廣東省華附、省實(shí)、廣雅、深中高三上學(xué)期期末四校聯(lián)考試題 英語 PDF版，文件包含華附省實(shí)廣雅深中2022屆高三四校聯(lián)考英語試卷pdf、華附省實(shí)廣雅深中2022屆高三四校聯(lián)考英語試卷雙向細(xì)目表docx、華附省實(shí)廣雅深中2022屆高三四校聯(lián)考英語答題卡-答題卡pdf、華附省實(shí)廣雅深中2022屆高三四校聯(lián)考英語-答案pdf等4份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共13頁， 歡迎下載使用。

2020屆廣東省華附、省實(shí)、深中、廣雅高三年級(jí)四校聯(lián)考（英語）PDF含解析：

這是一份2020屆廣東省華附、省實(shí)、深中、廣雅高三年級(jí)四校聯(lián)考（英語）PDF含解析，共9頁。

英語朗讀寶

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