?新余市2022—2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測
高三英語試題
(考試時間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：150分)
注意事項：
1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。
2.答選擇題時，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。
3.答非選擇題時，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。
4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。
5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。
第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the weather like?
A Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What will the woman do?
A. Wash the dishes. B. Clean the toilet. C. Tidy up the books.
3. Why did people vote for the woman?
A. She is popular. B. She is clever. C. She is reliable.
4. What does the man think about engineering?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s boring.
5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?
A. The size. B. The amount. C. The variety.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What happened to Lucy’s sister?
A. She was ill.
B. She found a new job.
C. She couldn’t sleep at night.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Friends.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a house.
B. Looking around a house.
C. Decorating a house.
9. What is the woman?
A A cleaner. B. A renter. C. A gardener.
10. How much is the house worth now?
A. One million dollars.
B. Four million dollars.
C. Eight million dollars.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. What is the man’s favorite video game probably?
A. Minecraft. B. Genshin Impact. C. Honor of Kings.
12. What game mode does the woman like to use when playing Minecraft?
A. Adventure Mode.
B. Survival Mode.
C. Creative Mode.
13. What does the woman suggest the man search for first when playing Minecraft?
A. Wool. B. Wood. C. Iron.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Where are the speakers?
A. In the library. B. In a train station. C. In a hotel.
15. How many days will the bike ride last?
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. How will the speakers reach the hotel from the village?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bike.
17. What’s the man’s attitude towards the woman’s idea?
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Supportive.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. Where is Mont-Saint-Michel located?
A. In England. B. In France. C. In Ireland.
19. When was the church built on the island?
A. In the 8th century.
B. In the 6th century.
C. In the 3rd century.
20. Why were the great walls built?
A. For shelter. B. For pleasure. C. For defense.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
A
Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A. To make the most of limited space.
B. To prevent cars from being stolen.
C. To increase ground parking spaces.
D. To save building materials.
2. What can we infer from the text?
A. Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.
B. The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.
C. All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.
D. Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel brochure. B. A science magazine.
C. A technology textbook. D. A product advertisement.
B
Like most foreigners from English-speaking countries, Holt’s first job in China was teaching English in training centers and middle schools. Since November, 2021, he has been a teacher at New Channel, a Beijing-based language training institute. “I teach them theater,” he said.
Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. But his teacher insisted on giving him the biggest part. “He gave me the power to empower(給予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
“Teaching theater and public speaking in China is wonderful,” he said. Training aside, he and his colleagues also adapt Chinese stories, like The Monkey King, into English screenplays for students. “Children literally want to be as dramatic as possible instead of just reciting words,” he said.
But teaching is not all it’s cracked up to be. “The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (內(nèi)向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added. Making the shyest kid the director is one of his methods to build them up. And the change with them is noticeable: students who’d barely utter a word before end up being the loudest person in the room. “I love to see that turnaround,” Holt said.
His future plan is to get as many children as possible to feel more empowered, and “make theater a little bridge” between China and other countries.
Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art. “I think it’s a really powerful thing that we can all share,” he said.
4. How did Holt react when invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet?
A. He didn’t show interest in the least.
B. He joined in without any hesitation.
C. He wondered if he could play the role.
D. He turned it down owing to shyness.
5. Which of the following does Holt want to convey about theatre?
A. It can remove all barriers between cultures.
B. It can give shy children power to speak up.
C. It can help children overcome any challenge.
D. It can change conventional teaching methods.
6. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?
A. Makes up. B. Takes over. C. Results in. D. Breaks down.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A Art builds a cultural bridge. B. Theater is to be a trend in teaching.
C. Art appeals to kids in China. D. Theater will make all kids love art.
C
It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(移情，共鳴),” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”
In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.
The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.
“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”
8. Why does the text raise the question “What’s so funny” at the beginning?
A. To show opinions on funny things.
B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.
C. To emphasize the importance of being funny.
D. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.
9. Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in paragraph 1?
A. The distinct character. B. The type of laughter.
C. The speaking style. D. The sense of humor.
10. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?
A Assessing the interactions based on emotions.
B. Producing a subsystem to decide whether to laugh.
C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.
D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.
11. What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?
A. Indifferent B. Suspicious C. Objective D. Optimistic
D
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脫鹽)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder (壓縮粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed (冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ___16___ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.
___17___ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.
When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ___18___ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.
Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ___19___ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ___20___
A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.
B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.
C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.
D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.
E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.
F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.
G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.
第三部分 語言運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面的短文，全科免費下載公眾號《高中僧課堂》從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an____21____on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old____22____, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the____23____respondents in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, ____24____waving goodbye to her____25____in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of____26____. But she lost her____27____mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh since.
____28____suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done____29____, Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal_____30_____. “She wants to_____31_____, but I know,_____32_____her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question,” said Keith. “Once she mentioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I_____33_____I never will. It was then that I thought I should make her wish_____34_____.”
So Keith, 70, _____35_____on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was_____36_____, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be_____37_____again,” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something_____38_____: you’re both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and isolation. I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to_____39_____more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to_____40_____her of her life in Wales.
21. A. apology B. indication C. appeal D. assignment
22. A. gentleman B. lady C. traveler D. explorer
23. A. lonely B. senior C. original D. enthusiastic
24. A. thus B. so C. and D. instead
25. A. relatives B. friends C. life D. tongue
26. A. home B. hope C. tension D. similarity
27. A. superb B. lovely C. beloved D. homesick
28. A. Due to B. As for C. Apart from D. In spite of
29. A. before B. randomly C. recently D. gradually
30. A. clear B. blue C. faded D. fragile
31. A. talk B. leave C. return D. quit
32. A. neglecting B. given C. assuming D. remembering
33. A. spot B. decide C. suppose D. promise
34. A. launch B. realize C. abolish D. happen
35. A. posted B. searched C. mentioned D. linked
36. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. touched D. fascinated
37. A. passionate B. stable C. casual D. fluent
38. A. in trouble B. in common C. in general D. in vain
39. A. set up B. take up C. make up D. bring up
40. A. cure B. remind C. accuse D. inform
第二節(jié)(共10小題每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Water shortage is one of the____41____(great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas____42____water is scarce( 稀缺) for a month or more every year. There are two factors contributing____43____this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite the increasing water usage, it____44____(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just____45____matter of turning the tap off when you brush your____46____(tooth), or cutting your showers down to 3 minutes. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water use, with the remaining 92%____47____(fall) into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items and food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water____48____(consume) comes from the growth and production of food alone.
____49____(fortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of liters used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors____50____(consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié)，短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Not only our parents give us life, but they offer us endless love and support, always share our happiness and sorrow. I’m very grateful for my parents. I still remember once I was seriously ill, they were so worrying. Both of them kept my company the whole night. Now, I’m the senior 3 student. Luckily, my parents could understand my stressful condition and often communicate with me with encouraging word. Furthermore, they allow me enough personal space, what I appreciate so much. When I grow up, I’ll try my best to make my parents to live a happy life.
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
52. 假如你是李華，你校邀請到了專家Professor Liu 為愛爾蘭(Ireland)訪問團(tuán)做一個關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化的講座。作為主持人，請你寫一篇開場發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1.表示歡迎；2. 簡要介紹專家；2.講座內(nèi)容。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
新余市2022—2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測
高三英語試題
(考試時間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：150分)
注意事項：
1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。
2.答選擇題時，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。
3.答非選擇題時，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。
4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。
5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。
第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the weather like?
A Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What will the woman do?
A. Wash the dishes. B. Clean the toilet. C. Tidy up the books.
3. Why did people vote for the woman?
A. She is popular. B. She is clever. C. She is reliable.
4. What does the man think about engineering?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s boring.
5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?
A. The size. B. The amount. C. The variety.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What happened to Lucy’s sister?
A. She was ill.
B. She found a new job.
C. She couldn’t sleep at night.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Friends.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a house.
B. Looking around a house.
C. Decorating a house.
9. What is the woman?
A. A cleaner. B. A renter. C. A gardener.
10. How much is the house worth now?
A. One million dollars.
B. Four million dollars.
C. Eight million dollars.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. What is the man’s favorite video game probably?
A. Minecraft. B. Genshin Impact. C. Honor of Kings.
12. What game mode does the woman like to use when playing Minecraft?
A. Adventure Mode.
B. Survival Mode.
C. Creative Mode.
13. What does the woman suggest the man search for first when playing Minecraft?
A. Wool. B. Wood. C. Iron.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Where are the speakers?
A. In the library. B. In a train station. C. In a hotel.
15. How many days will the bike ride last?
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. How will the speakers reach the hotel from the village?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bike.
17. What’s the man’s attitude towards the woman’s idea?
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Supportive.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. Where is Mont-Saint-Michel located?
A. In England. B. In France. C. In Ireland.
19. When was the church built on the island?
A. In the 8th century.
B. In the 6th century.
C. In the 3rd century.
20. Why were the great walls built?
A. For shelter. B. For pleasure. C. For defense.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列材料，全科免費下載公眾號《高中僧課堂》從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
A
Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A. To make the most of limited space.
B. To prevent cars from being stolen.
C. To increase ground parking spaces.
D. To save building materials.
2. What can we infer from the text?
A. Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.
B. The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.
C. All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.
D. Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel brochure. B. A science magazine.
C. A technology textbook. D. A product advertisement.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡要介紹了世界機(jī)器人大會上的幾款新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Inventions of the youth中的“Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots.The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.(由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位通常太少，王子潤的作品旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。該設(shè)施就像一個空中摩天輪，有六個停車位。當(dāng)需要取車時，該設(shè)備會穩(wěn)定旋轉(zhuǎn)，將汽車放置在地面上。)”可知，由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位太少，所以王子潤設(shè)計了這樣一款機(jī)器人，旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。由此可推之，王子潤的設(shè)計目的在于最大程度地利用停車空間。故選A項。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Technology in agriculture中的“With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently.(在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來收水果。機(jī)器人首先定位水果，然后用傳感器判斷它是否成熟，機(jī)械臂輕輕采摘水果。)”可知，在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來收水果。由此可推知，這種機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用可以節(jié)省人力。根據(jù)文章Robots fighting Covid-19中的“The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.(整個過程不需要人類或?qū)嶒炇业膮⑴c。)”可知，用來采集核酸的機(jī)器人不需要人類或?qū)嶒炇业膮⑴c，這也節(jié)省了人力。由此可推知，這兩種機(jī)器人都能節(jié)省人力。故選D項。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章簡要介紹了三款2022年世界機(jī)器人大會上出現(xiàn)的新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人，包括其功能和優(yōu)點。由此可推知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)科技方面的期刊雜志上。故選B項。
B
Like most foreigners from English-speaking countries, Holt’s first job in China was teaching English in training centers and middle schools. Since November, 2021, he has been a teacher at New Channel, a Beijing-based language training institute. “I teach them theater,” he said.
Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. But his teacher insisted on giving him the biggest part. “He gave me the power to empower(給予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
“Teaching theater and public speaking in China is wonderful,” he said. Training aside, he and his colleagues also adapt Chinese stories, like The Monkey King, into English screenplays for students. “Children literally want to be as dramatic as possible instead of just reciting words,” he said.
But teaching is not all it’s cracked up to be. “The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (內(nèi)向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added. Making the shyest kid the director is one of his methods to build them up. And the change with them is noticeable: students who’d barely utter a word before end up being the loudest person in the room. “I love to see that turnaround,” Holt said.
His future plan is to get as many children as possible to feel more empowered, and “make theater a little bridge” between China and other countries.
Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art. “I think it’s a really powerful thing that we can all share,” he said.
4. How did Holt react when invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet?
A. He didn’t show interest in the least.
B. He joined in without any hesitation.
C. He wondered if he could play the role.
D. He turned it down owing to shyness.
5. Which of the following does Holt want to convey about theatre?
A. It can remove all barriers between cultures.
B. It can give shy children power to speak up.
C. It can help children overcome any challenge.
D. It can change conventional teaching methods.
6. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?
A. Makes up. B. Takes over. C. Results in. D. Breaks down.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Art builds a cultural bridge. B. Theater is to be a trend in teaching.
C. Art appeals to kids in China. D. Theater will make all kids love art.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過霍爾特的故事，說明了藝術(shù)是世界文化的橋梁。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
(霍爾特小時候很害羞。一年級時，他被邀請出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》。他拒絕了。)”可知，霍爾特小時候很害羞，所以當(dāng)他被邀請出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》時，他拒絕了。故選D項。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的““He gave me the power to empower(給予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling.(“他給了我賦予自己力量的力量，”霍爾特解釋道。他打算把同樣的感受傳遞下去。因此，他在美國常青州立學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)戲劇和教育，然后去了亞洲，先是韓國，然后是中國。)”根據(jù)第三段“The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (內(nèi)向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added”（最大的挑戰(zhàn)是讓內(nèi)向的孩子或成年人暢所欲言）?？芍?，戲劇可以給害羞的孩子力量讓他們可以大聲地表達(dá)自己。故選B項。
【6題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art.(藝術(shù)makes for世界溝通的開始。盡管不同國家之間存在分歧，但不同國家的人們通過藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。)”可知，后一句話提到了“盡管不同國家存在分歧，但不同國家的人們可以通過藝術(shù)很好地相處”，由此可推知，藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界溝通，是世界溝通的橋梁，進(jìn)而推知，makes for的含義與“促進(jìn)、造成”一意相近。A. Makes up彌補(bǔ)、化妝；B. Takes over接管；C. Results in導(dǎo)致、造成；D. Breaks down出故障。四個選項中只有C項result in與makes for(導(dǎo)致、有助于、走向)含義相近。故選C項。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容并根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art.(藝術(shù)有助于世界溝通的開始。盡管不同國家之間存在分歧，但不同國家的人們通過藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。)”可知，本文通過霍爾特的故事說明了藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界文化溝通，是世界文化的橋梁。A項“Art builds a cultural bridge.(藝術(shù)架起了文化的橋梁)”最能概括本文內(nèi)容。故選A項。
C
It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(移情，共鳴),” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”
In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.
The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.
“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”
8. Why does the text raise the question “What’s so funny” at the beginning?
A. To show opinions on funny things.
B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.
C. To emphasize the importance of being funny.
D. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.
9. Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in paragraph 1?
A. The distinct character. B. The type of laughter.
C. The speaking style. D. The sense of humor.
10. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?
A. Assessing the interactions based on emotions.
B. Producing a subsystem to decide whether to laugh.
C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.
D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.
11. What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?
A. Indifferent B. Suspicious C. Objective D. Optimistic
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了日本正在研究的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system.(似乎沒有人能在“什么這么好笑?”這個問題上達(dá)成真正的共識。想象一下教機(jī)器人如何笑。但這正是日本京都大學(xué)的一組研究人員正在嘗試設(shè)計的一種人工智能，它可以通過共享笑聲系統(tǒng)來獲取線索。)”可知，人都沒能在“What’s so funny”這一問題上達(dá)成共識，更不用說教機(jī)器人笑。由此可推知，文章首段提出這一問題，主要目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)教機(jī)器人笑的難度。故選D項。
【9題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.(科學(xué)家們在最新一期的《機(jī)器人與人工智能前沿》雜志上描述了他們?yōu)槿毡緳C(jī)器人“艾麗卡”制造幽默感的創(chuàng)新方法。 )”可知，這些科學(xué)家的的研究目的是teach a robot how to laugh，由此可推知，此處的a funny bone應(yīng)是指能使人笑的某種東西。A. The distinct character鮮明的性格；B. The type of laughter笑的類型；C. The speaking style說話風(fēng)格；D. The sense of humor幽默感。四個選項中只有D項與a funny bone(幽默感)含義最相近。故選D項。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.(在共享笑聲模型中，人類一開始會笑，人工智能系統(tǒng)會以笑聲作為同理心的回應(yīng)。這種方法需要設(shè)計三個子系統(tǒng)——一個檢測笑聲，第二個決定是否要笑，第三個選擇合適的笑聲類型。笑的類型也很重要，因為在某些情況下，禮貌的輕笑可能比大聲的大笑更合適。)”以及第四段“The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding.(研究小組用新的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)建了四段人與人之間不同的簡短對話，以此來測試愛麗卡的新幽默感。然后，他們讓130多人在三種不同的情況下(分享笑聲系統(tǒng)、沒有笑聲、全部笑聲)聽每一段對話，并根據(jù)與人類相似度、自然度和理解度來評估互動。)”可知，共享笑聲系統(tǒng)實際上是根據(jù)與人類相似度。自然度和理解度來評估互動，而非根據(jù)情緒，A項錯誤。故選A項。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”(井上補(bǔ)充說：“機(jī)器人應(yīng)該有獨特的性格，我們認(rèn)為它們可以通過對話行為來展示這一點，比如笑、眼神、手勢和說話風(fēng)格。我們認(rèn)為這根本不是一個簡單的問題，我們可能還需要10到20年的時間才能最終與機(jī)器人像與朋友一樣隨意聊天。”)”可知，Inoue認(rèn)為要想與機(jī)器人像朋友一樣隨意聊天和對話，并不是一個簡單的問題，可能還需要10到20年的時間。由此可推知，Inoue認(rèn)為對話式的人工智能是可以實現(xiàn)的，但需要時間，其態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項。
D
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脫鹽)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder (壓縮粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed (冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是阿卜杜拉國王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊正在探索將煤用來淡化海水這一新用途。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.(這種黑色礦物具有吸收陽光的能力，是該團(tuán)隊長期以來一直在尋找的具有吸收陽光功能的深色物質(zhì)的又一項)”可知，團(tuán)隊一直在尋找一種深黑色并且能脫鹽的材料。故選D。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. (該團(tuán)隊將CCP與天然棉纖維混合，制成一塊塊，然后放置在一個含有海水的容器中，其底部接觸水面。當(dāng)陽光加熱塊的黑色表面時，內(nèi)部纖維幫助水從底部流入并穿過塊狀物)”可知，海水需要經(jīng)過一個特別的纖維材料過濾，進(jìn)入容器。故選C。
14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”(“CCP的性質(zhì)豐富，使用合理，除了輕量級和高度多變，”團(tuán)隊成員Marcella Bonifazi說?！霸撗b置每單位原料的脫鹽率比任何其他太陽能脫鹽系統(tǒng)高兩到三倍，但它生產(chǎn)淡水的成本約為目前最先進(jìn)技術(shù)的三分之一?！?”可知，材料在自然可以輕易獲取，但是成本是現(xiàn)有方法的三分之一，可見強(qiáng)調(diào)的是低成本。故選B。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.(阿卜杜拉國王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊正在將煤炭用于一種新經(jīng)濟(jì))”和第二段的“Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脫鹽)?(我們?yōu)槭裁床挥妹簛淼Ｋ兀?”可知，本文主要講的是阿卜杜拉國王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊正在探索將煤用來淡化海水這一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技術(shù)中找到了新用途”，即Coal finds new use in desalination technology。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ___16___ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.
___17___ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.
When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ___18___ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.
Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ___19___ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ___20___
A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.
B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.
C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.
D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.
E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.
F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.
G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了云存儲是一種靈活、方便、完全放心的數(shù)據(jù)存儲方式。它有很多優(yōu)點，但也有唯一缺點是你需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來訪問文件。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ”(云存儲是一種靈活、方便、完全放心的數(shù)據(jù)存儲方式。）可知，介紹了云存儲是一種存儲方式。以及空后“ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.(這意味著你可以遠(yuǎn)程存儲所有的數(shù)字物品，而不會占用電腦空間。有兩種選擇:公共云存儲允許您與其他用戶共享托管空間;私有云存儲是希望將數(shù)據(jù)存儲在自己環(huán)境中的公司的理想選擇。)可知，This means 是指前面云儲存的將數(shù)據(jù)存儲在托管服務(wù)器上的方式。故D項“It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.”（它使您能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)存儲在托管服務(wù)器上。）符合語境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password.”（一旦你注冊并設(shè)置了你的賬戶，你只需使用你的用戶名和密碼通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)保存你的文件。）可知，這里解釋了云存儲操作簡單。故A項“Cloud storage is very simple to use.”（云存儲使用起來非常簡單。）符合語境。故選A。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ”(當(dāng)您注冊云存儲時，您可以選擇所需的空間量。）可知，用戶可以在云存儲選擇空間量的大小。故G項“You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.”（你可以從少量開始，然后增加存儲空間。）符合語境。故選G。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ”(它比你的電腦或外接硬盤好嗎?答案是肯定的。電腦總是死機(jī)。這是丟失工作和記憶最常見的原因。）可知，云存儲比電腦和外接硬盤好，先指出電腦缺點，后面要說外部硬盤的缺點。故C項“External hard drives can still break, or fail.”（外部硬盤驅(qū)動器仍然可能損壞或失效。）符合語境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ”(云計算有很多優(yōu)點，從隨時隨地訪問數(shù)據(jù)的能力到不需要昂貴的外部存儲設(shè)備。）可知，介紹了云存儲很多優(yōu)點，后面要轉(zhuǎn)折說出它的缺點。故F項“The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.”（然而，唯一的缺點是你需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來訪問文件。）符合語境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故選F。
第三部分 語言運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an____21____on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old____22____, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the____23____respondents in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, ____24____waving goodbye to her____25____in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of____26____. But she lost her____27____mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh since.
____28____suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done____29____, Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal_____30_____. “She wants to_____31_____, but I know,_____32_____her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question,” said Keith. “Once she mentioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I_____33_____I never will. It was then that I thought I should make her wish_____34_____.”
So Keith, 70, _____35_____on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was_____36_____, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be_____37_____again,” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something_____38_____: you’re both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and isolation. I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to_____39_____more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to_____40_____her of her life in Wales.
21. A. apology B. indication C. appeal D. assignment
22. A. gentleman B. lady C. traveler D. explorer
23. A. lonely B. senior C. original D. enthusiastic
24. A. thus B. so C. and D. instead
25. A. relatives B. friends C. life D. tongue
26. A. home B. hope C. tension D. similarity
27. A. superb B. lovely C. beloved D. homesick
28. A. Due to B. As for C. Apart from D. In spite of
29. A. before B. randomly C. recently D. gradually
30. A. clear B. blue C. faded D. fragile
31. A. talk B. leave C. return D. quit
32. A. neglecting B. given C. assuming D. remembering
33. A. spot B. decide C. suppose D. promise
34. A. launch B. realize C. abolish D. happen
35. A. posted B. searched C. mentioned D. linked
36. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. touched D. fascinated
37. A. passionate B. stable C. casual D. fluent
38. A. in trouble B. in common C. in general D. in vain
39. A. set up B. take up C. make up D. bring up
40. A. cure B. remind C. accuse D. inform
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講了Keith McDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說母語，在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)的故事。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Keith McDermott急切地想幫助96歲的母親再次說母語，在社交媒體上發(fā)出了呼吁，得到了大量善意的回應(yīng)。A. apology道歉；B. indication暗示；C. appeal呼吁；D. assignment任務(wù)。根據(jù)句意，可知Keith在社交媒體發(fā)布的內(nèi)容得到了大量的回應(yīng)，固定搭配make an appeal意為“呼吁”，故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位名叫Ray的老太太在與其中一位熱情的威爾士受訪者通電話后，感動地流下了眼淚。A. gentleman紳士；B. lady女士；C. traveler游客；D. explorer探險家。根據(jù)上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses”可知，這位96歲的老人是一位女性，故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位名叫Ray的老太太在與其中一位熱情的威爾士受訪者通電話后，感動地流下了眼淚。A. lonely孤獨的；B. senior年長的；C. original最初的；D. enthusiastic熱情的。依據(jù)上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses”可知，Keith在社交媒體發(fā)布的內(nèi)容得到了大量的回應(yīng)，所以是熱情的回應(yīng)者。故選D。
24題詳解】
考查副詞和連詞詞義辨析。Ray在18歲的時候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美國，也因此告別了她在威爾士的生活。A. thus這樣，因此；B. so所以；C. and并且；D. instead而非。結(jié)合句意表示“因此”用副詞thus。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Ray在18歲的時候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美國，也因此告別了她在威爾士的生活。A. relatives親戚；B. friends朋友們；C. life生活；D. tongue舌頭。根據(jù)句子含義，在18歲遇到丈夫后，她搬去了美國，所以是告別了在威爾士的生活。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她繼續(xù)和母親說威爾士語，保持一點家的感覺。A. home家；B. hope希望；C. tension緊張；D. similarity相似之處。由上文“Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales.”可知，她在遇見丈夫后搬去了美國生活，所以和母親用威爾士語交談成為了唯一能保持家的感覺的來源。故選A。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但40年前她失去了深愛的母親，從那以后她就再也不會說威爾士語了。A. superb極佳的，一流的；B. lovely可愛的；C. beloved摯愛的，深愛的；D. homesick想家的。根據(jù)“mum”和常識可知，是深深愛著的母親。故選C。
【28題詳解】
考查介詞及短語詞義辨析。句意：盡管患有短期記憶喪失，有時不記得她最近做了什么。Ray在威爾士的童年記憶依然清晰。A. Due to由于；B. As for關(guān)于，至于；C. Apart from除……外；D. In spite of 即使，盡管。由下文“ Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal___10___.”可知，她對童年記憶很清楚，但她患有短期記憶缺失，所以有時不記得她做過什么。該處表示讓步，故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞和介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管患有短期記憶喪失，有時不記得她最近做了什么。Ray在威爾士的童年記憶依然清晰。A. before在……之前；B. randomly隨機(jī)地；C. recently最近；D. gradually逐漸。根據(jù)“suffering from short-term memory loss”和常識可知，患有短期記憶喪失記不起最近發(fā)生的事情。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管患有短期記憶喪失，有時不記得她最近做了什么。Ray在威爾士的童年記憶依然清晰。A. clear清楚的；B. blue低落的；C. faded褪色的；D. fragile脆弱的。 依據(jù)“crystal”一詞可知，她對于童年時期的記憶像水晶般的清晰，故選A。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她想回去，但我知道，考慮到她的年齡，這樣的長途旅行是不可能的。A. talk談?wù)摚籅. leave離開；C. return返回；D. quit放棄。根據(jù)下文“such long-distance travel is out of the question”可知，母親想回到威爾士。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞和介詞詞義辨析。句意：她想回去，但我知道，考慮到她的年齡，這樣的長途旅行是不可能的。A. neglecting忽略；B. given考慮到；C. assuming假設(shè)；D. remembering記得。依據(jù)下文“such long-distance travel is out of the question,”結(jié)合上文她已經(jīng)96歲了可知，年齡是一個重要的考慮因素。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次她提到：我希望我能再講威爾士語，但我想我永遠(yuǎn)不會了。A. spot看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. decide決定；C. suppose假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；D. promise承諾。根據(jù)上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again”可知，母親年事已高，所以認(rèn)為自己不可能再說威爾士語了。故選C。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，我覺得我應(yīng)該讓她的愿望實現(xiàn)。A. launch發(fā)動，發(fā)起；B. realize意識到；C. abolish廢除；D. happen發(fā)生。依據(jù)下文“So Keith, 70, ___15___on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum.”可知，Keith在社交媒體上發(fā)帖都是為了完成母親的心愿——能夠再說一次威爾士語，既讓她的愿望發(fā)生。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，70歲的Keith在社交媒體上發(fā)帖，請求能說威爾士語的任何人和母親說威爾士語。A. posted發(fā)布，發(fā)帖；B. searched搜索；C. mentioned提及；D. linked 鏈接。依據(jù)下文“on social media”可知，他在社交媒體上發(fā)布了帖子，故選A。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在半小時內(nèi)他收到了三十多條回復(fù)，他既感動又有點震驚。A. puzzled困惑的；B. embarrassed尷尬的；C. touched感動的；D. fascinated著迷的。根據(jù)“receive over 30 responses within half an hour.”可知，得知有這么多人關(guān)注他母親，他非常感動，故選C。
【37題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾次威爾士語的對話，我認(rèn)為她會說得很流利。A. passionate熱烈的；B. stable穩(wěn)定的；C. casual隨意的；D. fluent流利的。根據(jù)上文“Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. ”可知，Ray的威爾士語有點生疏，故多進(jìn)行幾次威爾士語的對話，她就會說得很流利了，故選D。
【38題詳解】
考查短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)你有一位90多歲的父母時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你們有一些共同之處：你們都老了，所以我非常同情我母親的孤獨和孤立感。A. in trouble有麻煩；B. in common共同之處；C. in general大體上；D. in vain徒勞。根據(jù)“you’re both old”可知，此處是指共同之處。故選B。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Keith希望為他母親安排更多的電話交談并且Melisa 也承諾會發(fā)送給他一些威爾士的故事來幫助他想起她在威爾士的生活。A. set up建立，安排；B. take up占據(jù)，從事；C. make up編造，化妝；D. bring up養(yǎng)育。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Keith希望能有更多的威爾士語人士和母親交談，即給母親多安排幾次對話。故選A。
【40題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Keith希望為他母親安排更多的電話交談并且Melisa 也承諾會給他講一些威爾士的故事來幫助他想起她在威爾士的生活。A. cure治愈；B. remind提醒，使……想起；C. accuse指控；D. inform通知。結(jié)合文段可知，給她講威爾士的故事是為了幫助她想起在威爾士的生活。故選B。
第二節(jié)(共10小題每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Water shortage is one of the____41____(great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas____42____water is scarce( 稀缺的) for a month or more every year. There are two factors contributing____43____this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite the increasing water usage, it____44____(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just____45____matter of turning the tap off when you brush your____46____(tooth), or cutting your showers down to 3 minutes. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water use, with the remaining 92%____47____(fall) into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items and food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water____48____(consume) comes from the growth and production of food alone.
____49____(fortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of liters used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors____50____(consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
【答案】41. greatest
42. where 43. to
44. is predicted 45. a
46. teeth 47. falling
48. consumption

49. Unfortunately
50. to consider
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過分析生活和工業(yè)生產(chǎn)兩方面的用水量來說明水資源短缺這一問題的緊迫性。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：水資源短缺是我們今天面臨的最大危機(jī)之一?！皁ne of +the +形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”是英語中的固定搭配，表示“……是……中最……之一”，故空處需要填形容詞最高級。提示詞為great，其最高級形式為greatest。故填greatest。
【42題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：全球三分之二的人口每年有一個月或更長時間生活在缺水地區(qū)?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句。先行詞是areas，在定語從句中作地點狀語，此處需要填關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
【43題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：造成這一問題的因素有兩個：全球?qū)λ男枨蟛粩嘣黾?，以及滿足這些需求的不可持續(xù)的手段。固定用法contribute to.表示“促成，是……的原因”，其中to為介詞。故填to。
【44題詳解】
考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：然而，盡管全球用水量在過去五十年中已經(jīng)增長了三倍，但據(jù)預(yù)測，到2050年，全球用水量將進(jìn)一步增長60%-100%。分析句子成分可知，it作形式主語，代指后面的從句。從句中提到的內(nèi)容和predict“預(yù)測”是被動關(guān)系；根據(jù)全文可知，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is predicted。
【45題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：這不僅僅是刷牙時關(guān)上水龍頭，把洗澡時間縮短到3分鐘，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的事情了。matter是可數(shù)名詞，此處是泛指，用不定冠詞修飾，matter的發(fā)音是輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a；也可看作固定短語a matter of意為“一個……的問題而已”。故填a。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這不僅僅是刷牙時關(guān)上水龍頭，把洗澡時間縮短到3分鐘，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的事情了。提示詞tooth意為“牙齒”，是可數(shù)名詞，刷牙需要用到復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填teeth。
【47題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：事實上，人類的日常活動只占我們總用水量的不到4%，剩下的92%落在兩個“看不見的”類別：家庭用品的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和食品的生產(chǎn)?？仗帒?yīng)用非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)，固定短語fall into意為“落入、分成”，與the remaining 92%為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式表主動。故填falling。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：令人驚訝的是，我們每天總用水量的69%僅來自于食物的生長和生產(chǎn)。分析可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞作主語，表示“消耗”用consumption，daily water consumption“每天用水總量”。故填consumption。
【49題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：不幸的是，目前還沒有一本參考書可以詳細(xì)說明生產(chǎn)任何一種食品所需的確切公升數(shù)。分析句子可知，空處需要填一個副詞來修飾整個句子，結(jié)合句意表示“不幸地”應(yīng)用unfortunately。故填Unfortunately。
【50題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這是一顆難以下咽的藥丸，因為我們在權(quán)衡每種食物選擇的好處時還有其他因素要考慮，例如味道、成本和便利性。在for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中已有謂語動詞have，故空處需要填非謂語動詞的形式。根據(jù)句意，空處需要表達(dá)“要考慮”，即表將來，故用consider的不定式形式。并且have sth. to do為固定用法表示“有……要……”，符合句意。故填to consider。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié)，短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分
Not only our parents give us life, but they offer us endless love and support, always share our happiness and sorrow. I’m very grateful for my parents. I still remember once I was seriously ill, they were so worrying. Both of them kept my company the whole night. Now, I’m the senior 3 student. Luckily, my parents could understand my stressful condition and often communicate with me with encouraging word. Furthermore, they allow me enough personal space, what I appreciate so much. When I grow up, I’ll try my best to make my parents to live a happy life.
【答案】1.our前加do
2. share→sharing
3.for→to
4.worrying→worried
5.my→me
6.the→a
7.could→can
8.word→words
9.what→which
10.刪除live前的to
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。父母不僅給了我們生命，在成長過程中還給與了無盡的愛和支持。作者講述了父母對自己的付出，表達(dá)了對父母的感激之情。
【詳解】1.考查部分倒裝。句意：句意：父母不僅給了我們生命，而且給予我們無盡的愛和支持，總是分享我們的快樂和悲傷。not only置于句首時，所在的分句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，將助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be置于主語之前，本句陳述客觀事實，且有實義動詞give，故將助動詞do置于主語our parents之前。故our前加do。
2.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：父母不僅給了我們生命，而且給予我們無盡的愛和支持，總是分享我們的快樂和悲傷。分析句子可知，句中已有并列謂語動詞give和offer，且與share之間無連詞，故用非謂語動詞作狀語，they與share之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故將share改為sharing。
3.考查介詞。句意：我非常感謝我的父母。be grateful to sb表示“感激某人”符合句意，故將for改為to。
4.考查形容詞。句意：我依然記得有一次我病得很重，他們非常擔(dān)心。修飾主語they，表達(dá)人的主觀感受，應(yīng)用v-ed形式的形容詞。故worrying改為worried。
5.考查代詞。句意：他們兩一整晚都陪著我。keep sb. company“陪著某人”，作keep的賓語，應(yīng)用賓格形式。故my改為me。
6.考查冠詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，我是一名高三學(xué)生。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞，senior為輔音音素開頭的單詞，故用a。故將the改為a。
7.考查時態(tài)。句意：幸運的是，我的父母能夠理解我的壓力狀況，并經(jīng)常用鼓勵的話語與我交流。此處陳述現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故could改為can。
8.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：幸運的是，我的父母能夠理解我的壓力狀況，并經(jīng)常用鼓勵的話語與我交流。結(jié)合句意可知，此處用名詞word的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“話語”。故將word改為words。
9.考查定語從句。句意：此外，他們給了我足夠的個人空間，我非常感激。分析句子可知，第二個逗號后是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為主句所提到的事情，從句缺少賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)。故將what改為which。
10.考查非謂語動詞。句意：句意：當(dāng)我長大后，我會盡力讓我的父母過上幸福的生活。make sb do表示“讓某人做某事”，此處用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故刪除live前的to。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
52. 假如你是李華，你校邀請到了專家Professor Liu 為愛爾蘭(Ireland)訪問團(tuán)做一個關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化的講座。作為主持人，請你寫一篇開場發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1.表示歡迎；2. 簡要介紹專家；2.講座內(nèi)容。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to our school!
I feel so delighted to be with you and have the chance to introduce our guest speaker, Professor Liu. As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture. Today, focusing on the theme “Chinese Traditional Culture”，Professor Liu will take us on a journey to the spiritual world of Confucius and Mencius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped and influenced our lives for thousands of years.
Let’s welcome Professor Liu with our warmest applause.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假如你是李華，你校邀請到了專家Professor Liu 為愛爾蘭(Ireland)訪問團(tuán)做一個關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化的講座。作為主持人，請你寫一篇開場發(fā)言稿。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興：delighted → happy/pleased/glad
有機(jī)會：have the chance →have the opportunity
著名的：famous → noted/excellent
集中：focus on→concentrate on
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture.
拓展句：Professor Liu, who is known as one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture.
【點睛】【高分句型1】As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture. (運用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語、比較結(jié)構(gòu)和連接詞+to do不定式作賓語的結(jié)構(gòu))
【高分句型2】Today, focusing on the theme “Chinese Traditional Culture”，Professor Liu will take us on a journey to the spiritual world of Confucius and Mencius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped and influenced our lives for thousands of years. (運用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語做狀語和whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)

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