專題 04 短文填空之單詞填空2021年浙江中考英語重難題型考前押題 〖真題回顧〗ARabindranath Tagore was a famous poet, short-story writer and musician. Few voices have been more wonderful in spreading knowledge than his. He’s one of the greatest   1   (象征，標(biāo)志) of Indian culture.Tagore was born in Calcutta, India, on May 7, 1861. He was   2   (年輕的) of fourteen children in his family. As a child, school education could not please him. Then private teachers   3   (教) him at home. When he was a little boy, Tagore was really good at writing poems. He wrote his first poem at the age of eight. Tagore’s father expected him   4   (成為) a lawyer. In 1878, he sent Tagore to England to study. But the   5   (傳統(tǒng)的) system of education there could not please the boy. Tagore then   6   (返回) home. He tried his best to support his family after his father died. He spent most of his time in farming and writing poems. Tagore also helped to educate the   7   (當(dāng)?shù)氐?/span>) people. In 1901, he set up an open school. Today, the school has been an international   8   (大學(xué)), with several colleges in it.Unluckily, Tagore lost his wife, son and daughter, between 1902 and 1907. But this didn’t stop him from writing.   9   (在……期間) these six years, Tagore published some of his best works. Gitanjali, a collection of his poems, was published in 1910. Three years later, Tagore was given the Nobel Prize in Literature. After being famous, he held lecture tours around the world. He died in 1941, leaving behind many great poems, songs and short stories. In his own words, “The world speaks to me in   10   (顏色). My soul answers in music.” B Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some traditions are fairly   11   （相似的）from country to country: cakes,   12   （蠟燭）, birthday wishes and birthday games. Other customs are not   13  （準(zhǔn)確地, 確切地）the same. Here are a few.In Argentina, a girl's   14   （第十五）birthday is quite special. Some parents hold a party for their child   15   （度過）the wonderful day. Girls usually dance the waltz first with their father, and then the boys at the party.In China, friends and relatives   16   （邀請）to lunch and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life. And some parents may give their child a big surprise, like his or her favorite   17   （玩具）.As for the   18   （印度的）children, they wear white to school. However,   19   （每當(dāng)）their birthdays come, children wear coloured clothes to school and give out chocolates to classmates.In Japan, the birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. Certain birthdays are much   20   （重要的）than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the local shrine. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys. CEven when the wildfire was near the community of Wytaliba, Gary and his partner Julie decided not to get away from their wooden house. They had a home full of baby kangaroos to protect. They stayed safe inside cloth pouches that looked like mother kangaroos’  21   (口袋).Gary and Julie have taken care of wild animals before. Recently, adult kangaroos and other wildlife that had left their care long   22   (以前) returned. They looked for protection as the fires   23   (移動) nearer. “We really couldn't go,” said Gary, “Nothing is   24   (必要的) than staying and protecting them from the fires.”Gary and Julie protected their home for at least   25   (十三) hours with fire extinguishers and water pumps. Good preparation helped the building and the motherless animals survive   26   (幸運(yùn)地). Julie said she had never seen 27． (如此) dangerous fires. Most animals, even many birds, were not fast enough   28   (逃脫). Australia's wildfire season has killed over forty people and about one billion native animals   29   (自從) it began last September.Julie said, “We didn’t have children   30   (我們自己); this is what we spend our time doing. We think it's worth looking after our babies no matter what they are...”〖命題探究〗此類短文填空題一般會給出漢語意思或英文單詞。做此類短文填空題時，要準(zhǔn)確理解語意，根據(jù)文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形。不可簡單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級；如若填的是動詞，則要特別注意考慮其時態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。〖解題秘籍〗1）閱讀圖文弄清大意。快速閱讀全圖和全文，掌握大意，抓住關(guān)鍵詞語和文章的主要線索。一定要先整體快速讀完，不能邊讀邊做，因?yàn)楹竺娴男畔⑼兄趯η懊婕?xì)節(jié)的理解，從而有利于對主題思想的領(lǐng)悟。2）理解句意得出答案。掌握了文章的大意后，做題時首先要推測句意，根據(jù)句意來填詞。一般情況下理解了句意，要填的詞語也就順利出來了。有時單個句子不好理解，就要借助上下文來理解，或根據(jù)整篇文章的大意來推測出這個句子的含義。3）先易后難，多方位考慮。解答時，如果個別空格填不出，也可以先做下面的題。做完較容易的題目之后，再集中精力思考那些難題。有的難題可能只知其意而不會寫，這時要從多方位考慮。英語中一意多詞表達(dá)法比較多，只要考生能根據(jù)詞意填入正確的詞即可。因此在明確空格詞意后，可以把表達(dá)此意的有關(guān)的詞在腦海中羅列出來，找出最好的和最有把握的詞填進(jìn)去，這樣難度就大大地降低了。4）復(fù)讀圖文檢查驗(yàn)證。做完后，通讀全文，判斷初定的答案能否使全文連貫流暢，內(nèi)容清晰完整，情節(jié)合乎邏輯，語義和語法正確，再檢查全文的人稱、時態(tài)、主謂語是否一致，還要注意所填單詞是否要作詞形變化：如名詞是否要用復(fù)數(shù)，形容詞是否要用比較級，動詞是否要變時態(tài)。發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，及時更正。〖押題沖關(guān)〗APascal Pich is an old and great athlete. He has got   31   （幾個）records to his name. This May, he completed the longest and shortest race of his career—over 3,000 kilometres pedaled on an unmoving bike.Being   32   （瘋狂的）is the way he managed to deal with the challenge. He succeeded in   33   （騎）around 600 kilometres a day on an unmoving bike with little sleep. Only 120 to 180   34   （分鐘）of sleep a day made it possible to shorten the time.Pascal Pich already holds the record for the longest distance pedaled on an unmoving bike in six days, after completing a 2,878-km   35   （旅行）last year. So why did he take on a challenge to beat his own record so soon? Because in   36   （四月）, a Canadian had beaten two of his ten records, the longest distance travelled on an unmoving bike in 70 hours and in 128 hours. Pascal   37   （決定）he had to take back what was his.Pascal Pich started his six-day challenge on May 2 and finished on May 7. A new record for the longest distance pedaled in six days   38   （設(shè)立, 創(chuàng)造）successfully. “It proves me that at the age of 53, I can complete at a high   39   （水平）,he said. “As long as I can perform, I   40   （仍然）haven’t found the limits of my body.” BOn February 7, people across the country were sad to hear about the death of Dr Li Wenliang. He,   41   （像）many other doctors, helped to fight the novel coronavirus. But what made Li different is that he was among the first to tell people it’s   42   （危險）than we imagine.Li was a doctor at Wuhan Central Hospital. On December 30, he told his coworkers and   43   （朋友）through WeChat about a possible outbreak of a new coronavirus. Based on his professional knowledge of SARS, he   44   （警告）people to protect themselves against this disease.Unfortunately, Li was infected   45   （他自己）.After nearly a month of fighting the virus, Li passed away.   46   （在……期間）his stay in the hospital, Li tried to be positive. “Please don’t worry about me. I’ll get well as soon as possible and go   47   （回）to work,” he wrote on Sina Weibo.Following his death, Li has been seen as a   48   （國家的）hero, as it took great courage to be the first one to sound the alarm. “We admire Li’s   49   （精神）of seeking truth from facts.” the Chinese Medical Doctor Association said in a statement.On   50   （三月）5th, the Chinese Health Commission honored Li and 33 other medics who made important contributions in the fight against the coronavirus with the title of “outstanding Individual.” CThe International Nurses Day is on May 12th（the anniversary of Florence Nightingale’s birth）. It is to    51  （標(biāo)記，標(biāo)志）what the nurses do for the society. It has been celebrated   52  （廣泛地）around the world since 1974. Florence Nightingale was born into a rich family in 1820 in Florence, Italy. When she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse, they were not pleased and   53  （建議，表明）that she should not work because it was not well respected at the time. But Nightingale wen to   54   （德國）to go on with her dream. During the Crimean War（1854—1856）, she   55   （帶領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)）a group of nurses from England to care for injured soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospitals much   56  （干凈的）there than before. At night, she would look after the soldiers, carrying a lamp with her. As a result, she   57  （稱呼，叫）“Lady with the Lamp” by the soldiers. After the war, she founded the first nursing school in London at the age of   58   （四十）. She also worked hard to make hospitals better and to make rules for nurses. In the past several months, the nurses in China have played an important   59  （角色）in the national battle against the epidemic. Thanks to their efforts, most of us can stay   60  （健康的）and away from the epidemic. They are the “Nightingale” around us.

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