
?熱點(diǎn)10 完形填空
【命題趨勢(shì)】
記敘文一直受高考完形填空命題者的青睞,在高考完形填空題材中占有相當(dāng)大的比重。這是因?yàn)槠溆腥宋铩⑶楣?jié)發(fā)展等線索可循,內(nèi)容情節(jié)深刻,常涉及人物心理活動(dòng)的細(xì)致描寫,篇章與語句的結(jié)構(gòu)變化豐富多彩。這種類型的試題,更能考查考生根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容選擇符合文章情節(jié)的答案,可以充分體現(xiàn)考生對(duì)事物的應(yīng)變能力。
仔細(xì)研讀近幾年高考完形填空我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),記敘文是出現(xiàn)頻率最高的一類文體,多以記人和敘事為主。具體地說,它是借助敘述、描寫等手段記敘社會(huì)中的人物和事件發(fā)展過程,用以表現(xiàn)作者的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。記敘文多以人的思想和行為為中心,以時(shí)間或空間的變化為線索,按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)束來展開敘述。
夾敘夾議的文章是高考完形填空中最有難度的,也是最熱點(diǎn)的一類體裁。所選文章語言地道、寓意深刻、可讀性強(qiáng)。文章常常在平淡的敘述中蘊(yùn)含著深刻的人生哲理。此類選材傾向于注重短文本身的教育意義。作者首先敘述一件事,在敘述過程中或結(jié)束后發(fā)表自己的看法或由此事引出一個(gè)深刻的社會(huì)問題。文章的顯著特點(diǎn)是首句可能在傳達(dá)一個(gè)事件信息或透視一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,而后對(duì)此進(jìn)行高層次評(píng)價(jià),或由此引發(fā)一種深層次思考,具有記敘與議論的雙重性,文情并茂,發(fā)人深思。解題時(shí),應(yīng)借助上下文乃至全文的語境揣摩作者的心境,及其對(duì)各個(gè)角色、各個(gè)事件的態(tài)度。
【滿分技巧】
1. 讀透首句,掌握主旨
重視首句,明確短文話題,了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。絕大多數(shù)記敘文的作者都會(huì)用一句話點(diǎn)明人物的姓名、身份或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn),然后再逐漸深入介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,最后得出結(jié)論,所以讀透句首對(duì)學(xué)生了解全文至關(guān)重要,這就是我們理解文章內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的"突破口"。
2. 跳空速讀全文,掌握中心
速讀全文要求一氣呵成,跳過空格,快速閱讀,領(lǐng)會(huì)大意,把握中心。重點(diǎn)了解記敘文的要素,如:時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等,從整體上把握文章的敘述順序和結(jié)構(gòu)主線。
3. 身臨其境,故事重構(gòu)
采取換位思考的方式,假設(shè)自己就是故事的主人公,在此情此景下,模擬故事的情景,體會(huì)人物的心情,推理故事的發(fā)展,體驗(yàn)作者的心情以及觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度等,這樣才能對(duì)故事或事件有一個(gè)貼切的把握,才能選出符合語境的選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)要注意文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)。
4. 關(guān)注末段,注意感想
最后一段通常是作者的有感而發(fā)、心理體驗(yàn)或經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)等。要注意結(jié)合語境選用合適的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞等。
5. 瀏覽全文,復(fù)查核定
根據(jù)記敘文的線索,考生一定要進(jìn)行回查,仔細(xì)推敲,校正全文,使故事恢復(fù)原貌。檢查要點(diǎn)是:
(1)語意是否前后一致;
(2)上下文是否通順連貫,內(nèi)容是否完整;
(3)所選詞匯是否符合語法、句法結(jié)構(gòu);
(4)文化背景和生活常識(shí)是否合理。
【熱點(diǎn)話題】
記敘文哲理故事類,夾敘夾議文科技環(huán)保類、社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類
【限時(shí)檢測(cè)】(建議用時(shí):30分鐘)
A
(清華大學(xué)中學(xué)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)術(shù)能力診斷性測(cè)試2020年11月測(cè)試高三英語試題)
話題:記敘文。文章主要講述了一條很有意義的禱告詞
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):8分鐘
閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
When my children were teenagers, I _____21_____ a fridge magnet with what was said to be a First Nation or Native American prayer. I _____22_____ it on the door of our refrigerator in full view. I found the words to be thought _____23_____ and hoped they would teach my children to have more patience and be more _____24_____ of others.
Although my children are _____25_____ now, with homes of their own, I’ve kept the magnet on our___26___ door for the past twenty-five years. During that time, I’ve often found that the ___27___ has helped me see situations from a different perspective.
For example, a number of years ago, I was on my way to a farewell function with several colleagues. As we were leaving the office, we ___28___ our other colleague, Wendy, who had previously planned to attend the event with us. I asked Wendy if she wanted us to wait for her, and she responded in a fairly rude manner,___29___ our invitation. One of my other colleagues was quite ____30____ and clearly angry over Wendy’s behavior.“I don’t know why you even bothered to ____31____ her,” she said. ____32____on how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us, I commented that perhaps we should just give Wendy a____33____ and forgive her for being rude at the last minute. She was ____34____ having a bad day, and it wasn’t worth holding a grudge (怨恨) against her if we weren’t aware of what ____35____her unusual behavior.
A week later, I learned that when we came across Wendy, she was returning to the office from a medical appointment ____36____ she was told she had pancreatic cancer. She died a year later. Wendy wasn’t being rude to us; she had just received a very ____37____ diagnosis.
Whether it’s a family member who let me down, a friend who _____38_____ a confidence, or a difficult colleague, the quote on my fridge ____39____ me. Although it’s not always easy to forgive, I’ve been able to ____40____ a lot of grudge over the years by focusing on my mantra.
21. A. missed B. lost C. purchased D. sold
22. A. spotted B. carried C. dropped D. placed
23. A. meaningful B. interesting C. familiar D. unexpected
24. A. aware B. forgiving C. ashamed D. confident
25. A. workers B. parents C. seniors D. adults
26. A. kitchen B. fridge C. bedroom D. bathroom
27. A. dream B. message C. target D. relief
28. A. bumped into B. saw off C. knocked down D. dealt with
29. A. demanding B. accepting C. declining D. delaying
30. A. curious B. amazed C. anxious D. annoyed
31. A. convince B. promise C. ignore D. invite
32. A. Reflecting B. Counting C. Looking D. Concentrating
33. A. break B. party C. dance D. lesson
34. A. suddenly B. obviously C. passively D. naturally
35. A. discovered B. avoided C. caused D. created
36. A. where B. that C. which D. what
37. A. confusing B. shocking C. unusual D. casual
38. A. built B. lost C. betrayed D. possessed
39. A. doubted B. evaluated C. guided D. ordered
40. A. take down B. break through C. come about D. get rid of
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了我買了一塊冰箱貼,上面的禱告詞很有意義,希望可以教會(huì)我的孩子多點(diǎn)耐心,多寬容他人,多年來這句話也一直指引著我,使我擺脫了很多怨恨。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我的孩子十幾歲的時(shí)候,我買了一塊冰箱磁力貼,上面寫著“第一民族或美國原住民”的祈禱詞。A. missed失去;B. lost丟失;C. purchased買;D. sold賣。根據(jù)后文的“I placed it on the door of our refrigerator in full view”可知,我把它放在冰箱的門上。冰箱貼貼在冰箱門上證明是我們家所用,判斷可知,只有買了冰箱貼符合題意,并且與孩子十幾歲的時(shí)候這個(gè)語境相呼應(yīng),其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意,故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我把它貼在冰箱門上,一眼便能看得到。A. spotted弄上污漬;B. carried攜帶;C. dropped使降低;D. placed放;安置。分析可知,冰箱貼是貼在冰箱上的,此處表示把它安置(貼)到冰箱上,故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我覺得這些話很有意義,希望它們能教會(huì)我的孩子們多點(diǎn)耐心,多點(diǎn)寬容他人。A. meaningful有意義的;B. interesting有趣的;C. familiar熟悉的;D. unexpected意外的。根據(jù)“hoped they would teach my children to have more patience and be more forgiving of others.”可知,希望它們能教會(huì)我的孩子們多點(diǎn)耐心,多點(diǎn)寬容他人。也就是說我認(rèn)為這些話是有意義的,符合題意,故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我覺得這些話很有意義,希望它們能教會(huì)我的孩子們多點(diǎn)耐心,多點(diǎn)寬容他人。A. aware意識(shí)到的;B. forgiving寬容的;C. ashamed慚愧的;D. confident自信的。分析可知,根據(jù)“more patience”可知,多點(diǎn)耐心,因此可以判斷出多寬容他人符合題意,故選B。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然我的孩子們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)長大成人,有了自己的家,但在過去的25年里,我一直把磁力貼放在冰箱門上。A. workers工人;B. parents父母;C. seniors較年長者;D. adults大人。根據(jù)“with homes of their own”可知,他們有了自己的家,所以已經(jīng)成為大人,符合題意,也就是長大成人,故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然我的孩子們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)長大成人,有了自己的家,但在過去的25年里,我一直把冰箱貼放在冰箱門上。A. kitchen廚房;B. fridge冰箱;C. bedroom臥室;D. bathroom浴室。分析可知,此處表示25年來我一直都把冰箱貼貼在冰箱上,與上文的“on the door of our refrigerator”相呼應(yīng),故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在這段時(shí)間里,我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)信息幫助我從不同的角度看待情況。A. dream夢(mèng);B. message信息;C. target目標(biāo);D. relief減輕;安慰。分析可知,此處指上文冰箱貼的話(the words),也就是正是由于這些話的信息給了我?guī)椭?,故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:例如,幾年前,我正和幾個(gè)同事去參加告別會(huì)。當(dāng)我們離開辦公室時(shí),我們碰到了另一位同事,溫迪,她之前計(jì)劃和我們一起參加活動(dòng)。我問溫迪是否要我們等她,她回答得相當(dāng)粗魯,拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。A. bumped into無意中遇到;碰到;B. saw off送行;C. knocked down擊倒;D. dealt with處理。根據(jù)“was on my way to a farewell function with several colleagues”可知,我正和幾個(gè)同事去參加告別會(huì),那么當(dāng)離開辦公室的時(shí)候遇到了這個(gè)同事符合題意,因?yàn)樗坝?jì)劃和我們一起參加活動(dòng)。然后接下來問她是否需要等她,順理成章,故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意::例如,幾年前,我正和幾個(gè)同事去參加告別會(huì)。當(dāng)我們離開辦公室時(shí),我們碰到了另一位同事,溫迪,她之前計(jì)劃和我們一起參加活動(dòng)。我問溫迪是否要我們等她,她回答得相當(dāng)粗魯,拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。A. demanding要求;B. accepting接受;C. declining拒絕(邀請(qǐng));D. delaying延期。根據(jù)“she responded in a fairly rude manner”可知,她回答得相當(dāng)粗魯,因此可以推斷她拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我的另一個(gè)同事對(duì)溫迪的行為非常惱火,顯然很生氣?!拔也恢滥銥槭裁催€要邀請(qǐng)她,”她說。A. curious好奇的;B. amazed驚異的;C. anxious憂慮的;D. annoyed惱怒的。根據(jù)她所說的話“I don’t know why you even bothered to invite her”可知,溫迪拒絕了我們,一個(gè)同事抱怨不該邀請(qǐng)她,并且根據(jù)“clearly angry”(顯然很生氣)可知這個(gè)同事對(duì)溫迪的行為感到惱火符合題意,與之呼應(yīng)。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我的另一個(gè)同事對(duì)溫迪的行為非常惱火,顯然很生氣?!拔也恢滥銥槭裁催€要邀請(qǐng)她,”她說。A. convince使信服;B. promise承諾;C. ignore忽視;D. invite邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)上文“Wendy, who had previously planned to attend the event with us. I asked Wendy if she wanted us to wait for her,”可知,溫迪,她之前計(jì)劃和我們一起參加活動(dòng)。我問溫迪是否要我們等她。因此可以推出,我的同事很生氣她的粗魯拒絕,所以問我不知道為什么邀請(qǐng)她(和我們一起去)符合題意,故選D。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:回想溫迪從我們身邊跑開時(shí)顯得多么疲憊,我評(píng)論說,也許我們應(yīng)該讓溫迪休息一下,原諒她在最后一刻的粗魯無禮。A. Reflecting反映;反射;B. Counting數(shù);C. Looking看;D. Concentrating專心于。根據(jù)“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us”(溫迪從我們身邊跑開時(shí)顯得多么疲憊)可知,這是剛剛發(fā)生的事情,現(xiàn)在再提起,故回想(reflect on)符合題意,故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:回想溫迪從我們身邊跑開時(shí)顯得多么疲憊,我評(píng)論說,也許我們應(yīng)該讓溫迪休息一下,原諒她在最后一刻的粗魯無禮。A. break中斷;休息;B. party聚會(huì);C. dance舞蹈;D. lesson課。根據(jù)“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us”(溫迪從我們身邊跑開時(shí)顯得多么疲憊)可知,她疲憊,所以此處讓她休息一下符合題意,故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:很明顯,她今天過得很糟糕,如果我們不知道是什么導(dǎo)致了她的反常行為,那么怨恨她是不應(yīng)該的。A. suddenly突然地;B. obviously顯然地;C. passively被動(dòng)地;D. naturally自然地。根據(jù)上文“Wendy, who had previously planned to attend the event with us. I asked Wendy if she wanted us to wait for her, and she responded in a fairly rude manner, declining our invitation.”(溫迪,她之前計(jì)劃和我們一起參加活動(dòng)。我問溫迪是否要我們等她,她回答得相當(dāng)粗魯,拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。)以及“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us”(溫迪從我們身邊跑開時(shí)顯得多么疲憊),從這些表現(xiàn)可以看出,溫迪很明顯今天過得很糟糕符合題意,故選B。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:很明顯,她今天過得很糟糕,如果我們不知道是什么導(dǎo)致了她的反常行為,那么怨恨她是不應(yīng)該的。A. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);B. avoided避免;C. caused造成;D. created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)上文“She was obviously having a bad day”(很明顯,她今天過得很糟糕),因此應(yīng)該是造成她反常行為的原因,符合題意。故選C。
【36題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意:一周后,我得知,當(dāng)我們遇到溫迪時(shí),她正從一次醫(yī)療預(yù)約回到辦公室,在那里她被告知患有胰腺癌。分析可知,這個(gè)句子為定語從句,先行詞為medical appointment ,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo),故選A。
【37題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一年后她去世了。溫迪并沒有對(duì)我們無禮,她剛剛收到一份令人震驚的診斷報(bào)告。A. confusing困惑的;B. shocking令人震驚的;C. unusual不尋常的;D. casual隨便的。分析可知,根據(jù)上文“she was told she had pancreatic cancer”(她被告知患有胰腺癌)可以看出,這個(gè)消息是令人震驚的,符合題意,故選B。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:不管是讓我失望的家庭成員,泄露秘密的朋友,還是難纏的同事,冰箱上的名言指引著我。雖然原諒并不總是那么容易,但這些年來,我通過專注于我的禱告詞,已經(jīng)擺脫了很多怨恨。A. built建立;B. lost失去;C. betrayed背叛;D. possessed持有。分析可知,此處與“a family member who let me down”(讓我失望的家庭成員)以及“a difficult colleague”(難纏的同事)的感情色彩一致,且betray a confidence表示泄露秘密,符合題意,故選C。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:不管是讓我失望的家庭成員,泄露秘密的朋友,還是難纏的同事,冰箱上的名言指引著我。雖然原諒并不總是那么容易,但這些年來,我通過專注于我的禱告詞,已經(jīng)擺脫了很多怨恨。A. doubted懷疑;B. evaluated評(píng)估;C. guided指引;D. ordered命令;預(yù)定。分析可知,根據(jù)第一段“I found the words to be thought meaningful and hoped they would teach my children to have more patience and be more forgiving of others.”可知,:我覺得這些話很有意義,希望它們能教會(huì)我的孩子們多點(diǎn)耐心,多點(diǎn)寬容他人。因此可以看出,冰箱上的話給我指導(dǎo),指引著我符合題意,故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:不管是讓我失望的家庭成員,泄露秘密的朋友,還是難纏的同事,冰箱上的名言指引著我。雖然原諒并不總是那么容易,但這些年來,我通過專注于我的禱告詞,已經(jīng)擺脫了很多怨恨。A. take down記下;B. break through突破;C. come about發(fā)生;D. get rid of擺脫。根據(jù)“Although”可知表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步,再結(jié)合“it’s not always easy to forgive,”(原諒并不總是那么容易)可知,我通過關(guān)注禱告詞,擺脫了很多怨恨符合題意,與之相對(duì)比,故選D。
B
(北京首師大附中 2020-2021 學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期第一次月考試卷)
話題:這是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了自己和妹妹在母親節(jié)給母親送生日“驚喜”的故事。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):8分鐘
Geraniums of Love
As the fifth of seven children I went to the same public school as my three elder sisters and brother. Every year, my mother went to the same ceremony and had parent-child interviews(親子交流會(huì))with the same teachers. The only thing different was the child. And every child ___11___ an old
Geraniums school tradition—the annual plant sale(拍賣會(huì))held in early May, just in time for ___12___ Day.
Third grade was the first time that I was allowed to take part in the plant sale. I wanted to surprise my mother. ___13___, I didn't have any money. I went to my eldest sister and ___14___ the secret, and she gave me some money. When I arrived at the plant sale, I carefully made my ___15___. I agonized(苦苦思索)over that decision, ___16___ each plant to ensure that I had indeed found the best geranium. The moment I had smuggled it home, with the help of my sister, I ___17___ it on the upstairs neighbor’s porch. I was very afraid my mother would find it before Mother's Day, but my sister assured me that she wouldn't, and ___18___ she did not.
When Mother's Day arrived, I was bursting with pride when I gave her that geranium. I remember how bright her eyes were, and how delighted she was with my ___19___.
The year I was fifteen, my younger sister reached third grade. In early May, she came to me full of wonder and secrecy and told me that there was going to be a plant sale at school and she wanted to _____20_____ our mother. Like my _____21_____ sister did for me, I gave her some money and off she went. She arrived at home full of _____22_____ excitement, the geranium hidden in a paper bag _____23_____ her sweater. “I looked at every plant,” she explained, “and I know I got the _____24_____ one!”
I helped my little _____25_____ hide that geranium on the upstairs neighbor's porch, assuring that our mother wouldn't find it before Mother's Day. I was there when she gave my mother the geranium, and I watched them both bursting with pride and _____26_____. It was like being in a dream I had already dreamed. My mother noticed me _____27_____, and she gave me a soft secret smile. Shocked and puzzled, I _____28_____ back. I had been wondering how my mother could _____29_____ to be surprised at this gift from her sixth child. But as I watched her eyes light up with delight as she was _____30_____ with that most precious gift, I knew she was not pretending.
11. A. passed down B. participated in C. broke with D. carried on
12. A. Women’s B. Father’s C. Children’s D. Mother's
13. A. Besides B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore
14. A. shared B. discovered C. guarded D. unlocked
15. A. plan B. preparation C. present D. selection
16. A. watering B. growing C. inspecting D. protecting
17. A. showed B. potted C. packaged D. hid
18. A. indeed B. instead C. properly D. anyhow
19. A. performance B. grades C. gift D. presence
20. A. inspire B. surprise C. satisfy D. relax
21. A. youngest B. eldest C. cleverest D. bravest
22. A. nervous B. youthful C. increasing D. false
23. A. on B. beside C. behind D. under
24. A. shortest B. rarest C. best D. strongest
25. A. sister B. brother C. cousin D. friend
26. A. confusion B. anxiety C. delight D. astonishment
27. A. listening B. watching C. smelling D. tasting
28. A. waved B. smiled C. signed D. called
29. A. pretend B. continue C. appear D. try
30. A. impressed B. satisfied C. associated D. presented
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了自己和妹妹在母親節(jié)給母親送生日“驚喜”的故事。
【11題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。pass down把……傳下去;participate in參加;break with和……斷絕關(guān)系;carry on繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持。學(xué)校每年舉行一次植物拍賣會(huì),那么,學(xué)校的每個(gè)孩子都要參加。下文中的“I was allowed to take part in the plant sale”亦是呼應(yīng)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
【12題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。woman女人;father父親;child孩子,兒童;mother母親。根據(jù)下文中的“before Mother's Day”可知,D選項(xiàng)正確。由常識(shí)也可知,母親節(jié)在五月。
【13題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。besides此外;moreover而且,此外;however但是;therefore因此。前文提到:我想給母親一個(gè)驚喜。該句提到:我沒有錢。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故C選項(xiàng)正確。
【14題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。share分享;discover發(fā)現(xiàn);guard守衛(wèi);unlock打開,揭開。根據(jù)后文“she gave me some money”可知,姐姐給了作者錢。由此可以推知,作者應(yīng)該是把自己要給母親驚喜這件事告訴了姐姐,即和姐姐“分享”了這個(gè)秘密。故A選項(xiàng)正確。
【15題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。plan計(jì)劃;preparation準(zhǔn)備;present禮物;selection挑選。根據(jù)下文中的“agonized(苦苦思索)over that decision”可知,作者要決定給母親買什么,即“進(jìn)行挑選”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
【16題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。water澆水;grow種植,生長;inspect檢查,審視,視察;protect保護(hù)。作者為了確保找到最好天竺葵,當(dāng)然要仔細(xì)觀看每一株植物。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
【17題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。show展示;pot;package;hide藏。上文提到作者想要給母親驚喜,所以她當(dāng)然要把天竺葵“藏”起來。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
【18題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。indeed的確;instead代替;properly恰當(dāng)?shù)兀籥nyhow不管怎樣。我姐姐向我保證母親不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這株天竺葵,的確,母親沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)。A選項(xiàng)正確。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。performance表演;grade年級(jí);gift禮物;presence出席,到場。母親節(jié)那天,作者將天竺葵送給母親,母親對(duì)于孩子送的“禮物”很開心。C選項(xiàng)正確。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。inspire鼓舞;surprise使驚訝;satisfy使?jié)M意;relax放松。作者的妹妹向作者借錢,也想要給母親一個(gè)驚喜。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。young年輕的;old老的;clever聰明的;brave勇敢的。根據(jù)上文中的“I went to my eldest sister”可知,作者原來是向自己的大姐借的錢。故B選項(xiàng)正確。eldest意為“最年長的”。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。nervous緊張的;youthful年輕的;increasing不斷增長的;false錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)后文中的“the geranium hidden in a paper bag”可知,作者的妹妹把給母親買的禮物藏在袋子里。由此可以推知,作者的妹妹既為買了禮物高興,又擔(dān)心被母親發(fā)現(xiàn),所以她有點(diǎn)“緊張”,故A選項(xiàng)正確。
【23題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。on在……上面;beside在……旁邊;behind在……后面;under在……下面。根據(jù)前文中的hidden可以推知,妹妹應(yīng)該是把袋子藏在毛衣的下面,以防被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。short短的;rare罕見的;good好的;strong強(qiáng)壯的,結(jié)實(shí)的。妹妹看了每一株植物,她當(dāng)然是要找“最好”的。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。sister姐(妹);brother兄(第);cousin堂兄弟;friend朋友。根據(jù)該段中的“my younger sister”可知,作者幫助自己的“妹妹”把花藏了起來。故A選項(xiàng)正確。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。confusion困惑;anxiety焦慮;delight高興;astonishment驚訝。收到女兒送的禮物,母親當(dāng)然“高興”,女兒為自己的行為感動(dòng)“驕傲自豪”,下文中的“as I watched her eyes light up with delight”亦是提示。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。listen聽;watch觀看;smell聞;taste品嘗。根據(jù)上文的“I watched them”可知,作者看著發(fā)生的一切。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。wave揮手;smile微笑;sign簽名;call打電話。上文提到“she gave me a soft secret smile”,作者也回以母親微笑。B選項(xiàng)正確。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。pretend假裝;continue繼續(xù);appear出現(xiàn);try嘗試。根據(jù)最后一句“I knew she was not pretending”可知,作者懷疑母親在假裝驚訝。A選項(xiàng)正確。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。impress給……留下印象;satisfy使?jié)M意;associate把……聯(lián)系在一起;present呈現(xiàn),贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)上文中的“when she gave my mother the geranium”可知,作者妹妹送給母親禮物,即:母親被贈(zèng)送禮物。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
C
(2020屆天津市耀華中學(xué)高三第一次校模擬考試英語試題)
話題:記敘文,講述了一位愛爾蘭婦女主動(dòng)把他們生病的女兒送到了醫(yī)院的故事。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):7分
As my husband, Doug, stood on the busy New York city street to stop a taxi, I tried to protect my daughter from the cold December wind and rain. I put my head down to kiss her 41 face.
Frustrated and wet, my husband gave up his attempt to hail a taxi. I knew the feeling. Just after her first birthday, we were told our daughter Katie has a 42 brain illness. Since that moment, Doug and I felt like 43 in a marathon race where the finish line kept disappearing. We knew Katie was running out of 44 . It had taken months before we finally had a name for the 45 , but we were told only a few specialists in the world knew how to 46 it. Now, as we finally found a brilliant doctor to 47 our girl, we were in a strange city in the cold rain.
Just at the moment, a middle-aged woman 48 and said, “Pardon me? May I offer you a(n) 49 ?
Before we could say 50 , she continued, “It’s really no 51 for me. Just get in.”
It was then that I noticed her thick Irish 52 , which 53 me up like hot soup. We 54 said, “Thanks! Roosevelt Hospital, please,” as we got in her car for the ride.
“Are you going for the baby?” she asked us.
I nodded my head, holding back my 55 .
At the hospital, we 56 her a dozen times for the ride. As the woman hugged me, I noticed her face was 57 with tears. She promised to pray for us before she left.
After three more visits to New York and two more 58 surgeries (手術(shù)), Katie is cured. But the voice of the Irish Angel still rang as a constant 59 of a tiny ray of light that appeared in our 60 days.
41. A. smiling B. tiny C. round D. beautiful
42. A. rare B. simple C. normal D. natural
43. A. passers-by B. judges C. lawyers D. runners
44. A. money B. confidence C. time D. courage
45. A. race B. illness C. doctor D. challenge
46. A. fix B. check C. reach D. explain
47. A. protect B. meet C. encourage D. save
48. A. pulled over B. put up C. turned down D. stood by
49. A. ride B. seat C. car D. umbrella
50. A. nothing B. anyone C. anything D. someone
51. A. difference B. question C. trouble D. loss
52. A. appearance B. accent C. custom D. hair
53. A. picked B. called C. woke D. warmed
54. A. normally B. simply C. angrily D. regularly
55. A. tears B. anger C. smile D. surprise
56. A. respected B. praised C. thanked D. accepted
57. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. happy D. wet
58. A. eye B. brain C. kidney D. heart
59. A. warning B. effort C. reminder D. exercise
60. A. busiest B. luckiest C. happiest D. darkest
【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了作者夫婦在一個(gè)雨天里打不到車為女兒看病,一個(gè)好心的愛爾蘭婦女主動(dòng)把他們送到了醫(yī)院,她的聲音始終提醒著作者:在生活中最黑暗的日子里,也曾出現(xiàn)過一縷微光。
41. B考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. smiling微笑的;B. tiny小的;C. round圓的;D. beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)上文中的“my daughter”可知,我親吻女兒的小臉,故B項(xiàng)正確。
42. A考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. rare罕見的、稀少的;B. simple簡單的;C. normal正常的;D. natural自然的。根據(jù)下文把給女兒治病比作一場看不見終點(diǎn)的馬拉松可知,女兒得了一種罕見的腦病,故A項(xiàng)正確。
43. D考查名詞詞義辨析。A. passers-by路人;B. judges裁判;C. lawyers律師;D. runners賽跑選手。根據(jù)本空后的“in a marathon race”可知,為了給女兒看病,我們就像參加馬拉松賽跑的選手,故D項(xiàng)正確。
44. C考查名詞詞義辨析。A. money金錢;B. confidence自信;C. time時(shí)間;D. courage勇氣。上文說女兒得了很罕見的腦病,我們知道她的時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多了,故C項(xiàng)正確。
45. B考查名詞詞義辨析。A. race 賽跑;B. illness疾?。? C. doctor醫(yī)生;D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。這種病是極為罕見的,我們花了好幾個(gè)月才確診這是什么病,但醫(yī)生告訴我們,世界上只有少數(shù)專家才知道如何治療這種病,故B項(xiàng)正確。
46. A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. fix解決(治療);B. check檢查;C. reach到達(dá);D. explain解釋。醫(yī)生告訴我們,世界上只有少數(shù)專家才知道如何治療這種病,故A項(xiàng)正確。
47. D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. protect保護(hù);B. meet會(huì)見;C. encourage鼓勵(lì);D. save挽救?,F(xiàn)在,我們終于找到了一位出色的醫(yī)生來救女兒的命,故D項(xiàng)正確。
48. A考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A. pulled over路邊停車;B. put up張貼;C. turned down調(diào)低;D. stood by支持。上文說我們?cè)诼飞洗蜍?,一個(gè)中年婦女把車停在路邊,主動(dòng)提出要載我們一程,故A項(xiàng)正確。
49. A考查名詞詞義辨析。A. ride載;B. seat座位;C. car車;D. umbrella傘。她主動(dòng)提出要載我們一程,故A項(xiàng)正確。
50. C考查代詞詞義辨析。A. nothing什么也沒有;B. anyone任何人; C. anything任何事;D. someone某人。根據(jù)本空后的“It’s really no ... for me. Just get in.”可知,我們還沒來得及說什么,她又說“上車吧,這對(duì)我來說真的不麻煩”,此處指“在我們說任何話之前”,故C項(xiàng)正確。
51. C考查名詞詞義辨析。A. difference不同;B. question問題;C. trouble麻煩;D. loss損失。她又說“上車吧,這對(duì)我來說真的不麻煩”,故C項(xiàng)正確。
52. B考查名詞詞義辨析。A. appearance外表; B. accent口音;C. custom習(xí)俗;D. hair頭發(fā)。根據(jù)本空前的“I noticed her thick Irish”可知,我注意到她濃重的愛爾蘭口音,故B項(xiàng)正確。
53. C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. picked撿起;B. called打電話; C. warmed溫暖;D. woke叫醒。根據(jù)本空后的“me up like hot soup”可知,她濃重的愛爾蘭口音像熱湯一樣溫暖了我,故C項(xiàng)正確。
54. B考查副詞詞義辨析。A. normally正常地;B. simply簡單地;C. angrily生氣地;D. regularly有規(guī)律地。根據(jù)本空后的“said, “Thanks! Roosevelt Hospital, please”可知,我們只是簡單地說“謝謝,去羅斯福醫(yī)院”,故B項(xiàng)正確。
55. A考查名詞詞義辨析。A. tears淚水;B. anger憤怒;C. smile微笑;D. surprise驚訝。上文說她問去醫(yī)院是給孩子看病么?這問到了一個(gè)母親的痛處,我強(qiáng)忍住眼淚點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭,故A項(xiàng)正確。
56. C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. respected尊重;B. praised表揚(yáng);C. thanked感謝; D. accepted接受。到了醫(yī)院,我們一再感謝她,故C項(xiàng)正確。
57. D考查名詞詞義辨析。A. annoyed惱怒的;B. disappointed失望的;C. happy高興的;D. wet濕的。當(dāng)她擁抱我的時(shí)候,我注意到她的眼眶也濕潤了,wet with tears表示“眼淚汪汪”,故D項(xiàng)正確。
58. B考查名詞詞義辨析。A. eye眼睛;B. brain大腦;C. kidney腎臟;D. heart心臟。Katie得的是腦病,自然要做腦部手術(shù),故B項(xiàng)正確。
59. C A. warning警告;B. effort努力;C. reminder提醒;D. exercise練習(xí)。根據(jù)本空后的“of a tiny ray of light that appeared in our ... days.”可知,那個(gè)愛爾蘭天使的聲音提醒我們,在我們生活最黑暗的日子里,也曾出現(xiàn)過一縷微光,故C項(xiàng)正確。
60. D考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. busiest忙碌的;B. luckiest幸運(yùn)的;C. happiest快樂的;D. darkest黑暗的。在我們生活最黑暗的日子里,也曾出現(xiàn)過一縷微光,故D項(xiàng)正確。
D
(南開中學(xué)2020屆高三年級(jí)模擬考試)
話題:本文是夾敘夾議文。講述了夫妻之間的一段小插曲。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):7分
For years, I thought a present and a gift as the same thing.
I grew up in a household where presents marked special ____16____ There was always a box for each of us under the tree at Christmas. ____17____, Dad always gave Mom something each Valentine’s Day and anniversary. He would carefully plan his shopping trips to find just the ___18___ thing. His joy in the hunt was proof of the ___19___of giving and of his love for her. I saw these presents as the ___20___ of a husband's devotion.
So when I married a man who did not give presents on a regular basis, it was an ___21___
I wrestled with my expectation. Gary did hot ___22___ avoid gift-giving. Gary would return from sea armed with a brown paper bag inside of which was something that ___23___ him of me. But mostly, he ignored holidays, ___24___ to shop for a thing to present to me as a sign of love.
I tried to change him ____25____. I prepared gifts for Christmas and for his birthdays ____26____. He appreciated the caring, but refused to do the same thing for me. I dropped hints, they ____27____ deaf ears.
I began to tell him what I wanted, giving ____28____ instructions. When Gary left for the market one Saturday, I asked him to find me diamond earrings as a birthday present. Yet he came home with a road scraper (刮路機(jī)).
____29____when the snowstorm stopped later that year and he was at sea, I used the road scraper to plow (犁)out both our driveway and our neighbor's, thinking how ____30____ earrings would have been and it was then that I realized he had been giving me gifts all along. The gestures, large and small, born of his caring and concern were the ____31____that he gave daily.
We ____32____ to teach others how to love us. In that struggle, we often forget how to ____33____ the love they already give us as only they can give it.
I finally began to understand the ____34____ between a present and a gift. A present is a thing. But a gift is a small act of kindness, the willingness to ____35____ another's needs, the sacrifice of time and effort.
16. A. locations B. situations C. occasions D. conditions
17. A. Additionally B. Originally C. Fortunately D. Consequently
18. A. cheap B. astonishing C. splendid D. right
19. A. pleasure B. ambition C. intention, D. addiction
20. A. example B. emphasis C. experiment D. expression
21. A. improvement B. adjustment C. excitement D. enjoyment
22. A. actively B. willingly C. patiently D. wholly
23 A. warned B. reminded C. convinced D. informed
24. A. refusing B. announcing C. demanding D. rushing
25. A. by tradition B. by force C. by example D. by accident
26. A. on purpose B. in order C. at random D. on time
27. A. absorbed in B. cared for C. fell on D. broke down
28. A. some B. specific C. brief D. unusual
29. A. And B. So C. Though D. But
30. A. precious B. practical C. useless D. ugly
31. A. promises B. gifts C. blessings D. instructions
32. A. struggle B. fail C. attempt D. decide
33. A. express B. appreciate C. return D. share
34. A. distance B. similarity C. difference D. conflict
35. A. fight against B. laugh at C. turn down D. bend to
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
本文是夾敘夾議文。丈夫Gary不常送作者禮物,但是送的禮物是作者需要的東西。從中作者體會(huì)到present 和gift的不同之處在于present是一件東西,而gift是善意的行為。
【16題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在我成長的家庭里,在特殊時(shí)刻總是有禮物表示的。A. locations地點(diǎn);B. situations處境,狀況;C. occasions場合,時(shí)機(jī);D. conditions條件。根據(jù)下文“at Christmas…each Valentine’s Day and anniversary”可知,在作者家里,在特殊時(shí)刻總是會(huì)送禮物。故選C項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:此外,爸爸總是在每個(gè)情人節(jié)和周年紀(jì)念日給媽媽送一些東西。 A. Additionally此外;B. Originally最初,開始;C. Fortunately幸運(yùn)的是;D. Consequently結(jié)果。前一句提到“at Christmas”,后面提到“each Valentine’s Day and anniversary”,此處用additionally表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他會(huì)仔細(xì)計(jì)劃他的購物之旅,以找到合適的東西。A. cheap便宜的;B. astonishing令人驚訝的;C. splendid極好的;D. right合適的。根據(jù)“He would carefully plan his shopping trips”可知,為了給母親購買合適的禮物,父親總是仔細(xì)計(jì)劃。故選D項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他從尋找禮物中得到的樂趣證明了給予的快樂和他對(duì)她的愛。A. pleasure快樂;B. ambition志向;C. intention意圖;D. addiction上癮。根據(jù)前面的“joy”可知,父親從送母親禮物中得到了給予的快樂。故選A項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我把這些禮物看作是丈夫?qū)δ赣H摯愛的表達(dá)。A. example例子;B. emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào),著重;C. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn);D. expression表達(dá)。父親送給母親的禮物表達(dá)了父親的愛。故選D項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:所以,當(dāng)我嫁給一個(gè)不經(jīng)常送禮物的男人時(shí),這是一種適應(yīng)。A. improvement 改善;B. adjustment調(diào)整;C. excitement興奮;D. enjoyment享受。上文提到“I grew up in a household where presents marked special 1 ”可知,作者習(xí)慣了家人在每個(gè)特殊時(shí)刻都送禮物。結(jié)婚后丈夫不經(jīng)常送禮物,因此需要適應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:Gary不是完全避免送禮物。A. actively活躍地;B. willingly樂意地;C. patiently耐心地; D. wholly完全地。根據(jù)下一句“Gary would return from sea armed with a brown paper bag inside of which was something that 8 him of me.”可知,Gary出海回來的時(shí)候也會(huì)送禮物給作者,并不是完全不送。故選D項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:Gary出?;貋淼臅r(shí)候會(huì)帶著一個(gè)棕色紙袋,里面裝著讓他想起我的東西。此處考查“動(dòng)詞+介詞of”的短語辨析。A. warned sb. of警告某人……; B. remindedsb. of使某人想起……;C. convinced sb. of使某人信服……;D. informed sb. of告知某人……。當(dāng)Gary出海歸來時(shí),會(huì)帶些讓他想起作者的東西當(dāng)作禮物送給作者。故選B項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但多半,他忽視了節(jié)假日,拒絕為我買一件表達(dá)愛意的禮物送給我。A. refusing拒絕;B. announcing宣布;C. demanding要求;D. rushing匆忙。根據(jù)下文“but refused to do the same thing for me”可知,Gary拒絕在節(jié)假日的時(shí)候買禮物給作者。故選A項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意:我試圖以身作則改變他。A. by tradition按照傳統(tǒng);B. by force通過武力; C. by example通過實(shí)例;D. by accident偶然地。根據(jù)下一句“I prepared gifts for Christmas and for his birthdays 11 .”作者在圣誕節(jié)和Gary的生日時(shí)都為他準(zhǔn)備了禮物,是通過自己的例子告訴Gary在節(jié)假日時(shí)要給她買禮物。故選C項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意:我特意為圣誕節(jié)和他的生日準(zhǔn)備了禮物。A. on purpose故意地;B. in order有序地;C. at random隨機(jī)地,隨意地;D. on time準(zhǔn)時(shí),按時(shí)。作者故意在節(jié)假日為他準(zhǔn)備禮物,是想讓Gary不要忽視了在節(jié)假日給她買禮物。故選A項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我給了暗示,卻沒人理睬。A. absorbed in專注于;B. cared for關(guān)心,關(guān)愛;C. fell on落在……上;D. broke down出故障。Gary對(duì)我的暗示充耳不聞。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我開始告訴他我想要什么,并給出明確的指示。A. some一些;B. specific明確的,具體的;C. brief簡短的;D. unusual非同尋常的。根據(jù)下文“I asked him to find me diamond earrings as a birthday present.”可知,作者明確地說出自己想要什么禮物。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:但那一年下半年,當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雪停了的時(shí)候,他在出海,我用刮路機(jī)把我們的車道和鄰居的車道都鏟出來了,就想如果買了耳環(huán)該是多么沒用。A. And又,和;B. So因此;C. Though雖然;D. But但是。根據(jù)上文“Yet he came home with a road scraper”可以看出,作者想要鉆石耳環(huán),因此對(duì)Gary買回一個(gè)刮路機(jī)很不高興;后來在暴風(fēng)雪過后,刮路機(jī)起了很大的作用。前后句子之間是語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折,因此用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選D項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:但那一年下半年,當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雪停了的時(shí)候,他在出海,我用刮路機(jī)把我們的車道和鄰居的車道都鏟出來了,就想如果買了耳環(huán)該是多么沒用。A. precious珍貴的;B. practical實(shí)用的;C. useless無用的;D. ugly丑陋的。對(duì)比之下,作者覺得如果買了耳環(huán),會(huì)不起什么作用。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這些大大小小的、出自他的愛護(hù)和關(guān)心的表示,都是他每天送的禮物。A. promises承諾;B. gifts禮物;C. blessings祝福;D. instructions指示。根據(jù)上文,作者一直覺得Gary在節(jié)假日時(shí)沒有送她禮物,現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到他每天表達(dá)的愛護(hù)和關(guān)心就是禮物。故選B項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們總是努力教導(dǎo)別人怎么愛我們。 A. struggle努力做……,掙扎;B. fail失?。籆. attempt嘗試;D. decide決定。根據(jù)下一句“In that struggle”可知,應(yīng)該是struggle。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在這樣的努力中,我們常常忘記如何感激他們已經(jīng)給予我們的愛,因?yàn)橹挥兴麄儾拍芙o予。A. express表達(dá);B. appreciate感謝;C. return回報(bào);D. share分享。根據(jù)“the love they already give us”可知,應(yīng)是感謝他們已經(jīng)給予我們的愛。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我終于開始明白present和gift的區(qū)別。A. distance距離;B. similarity相似;C. difference不同,區(qū)別;D. conflict沖突。根據(jù)文章第一句“For years, I thought a present and a gift as the same thing.”可知,作者現(xiàn)在知道了present 和gift 不是一回事,有所不同。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:但是,gift是一種小小的善意行為,是愿意屈從于他人的需要,是犧牲了時(shí)間、付出了努力。A. fight against與……作斗爭;B. laugh at嘲笑;C. turn down拒絕;D. bend to屈從于。根據(jù)上文 Gary送作者刮路機(jī)作為禮物,作者體會(huì)到gift是服從于他人的需要,是送別人需要的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。
E
(山東師大附中2020屆高三6月份模擬考試)
話題:這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者和兒子一起吹泡泡的故事。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):7分
My son was playing with a bottle of bubbles. Dip the loop in the bottle, pull it out, and blow it to make bubbles. He understood the principle but was vainly ___21___ to blow bubbles. He would dip and dip and blow and blow, but alas, no ___22___. He ___23___ me the bottle and loop and asked me, “Daddy, can you make bubbles?”
I hadn’t blown bubbles in years. I am a ___24___ by education, fairly well-trained in surfactant (活性劑) technology. However, all that knowledge is completely ___25___. I was having no more ___26___ than my son. I dipped and puffed, ___27___ no bubbles.
After several ___28___ attempts, I changed strategies. ___29___ puffing on the loop of soapy water, I just gently breathed on it. My son ____30____ with delight as a big beautiful bubble formed and ____31____ away. I explained to him, “Son, you can’t blow hard. You must ever so ____32____ breathe on the loop to make bubbles.” He ____33____ his urgent desire to make big bubbles by blowing hard and followed my advice. Big bubbles!
There are some things that you can get with ____34____, but other things only ____35____ from the gentleness of a soft breath.
21. A. trying B. managing C. expecting D. acting
22. A. changes B. bubbles C. results D. drops
23 A. lent B. handed C. threw D. cast
24. A. researcher B. professional C. chemist D. parent
25. A. out of date B. of no use C. in doubt D. in trouble
26. A. trial B. confidence C. patience D. success
27. A. even B. thus C. somehow D. still
28. A. fruitless B. tough C. unwilling D. difficult
29. A. Despite B. Without C. On D. Except
30. A. screamed B. nodded C. rushed D. flew
31. A. escaped B. floated C. burst D. bounced
32. A. silently B. slightly C. eagerly D. gently
33. A. freed B. fueled C. contained D. reduced
34. A. brain B. action C. force D. science
35. A. survive B. separate C. jumped D. arise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者和兒子一起吹泡泡的故事,領(lǐng)悟了不是所有東西都是通過力量才能得到的的道理。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他理解原理,試著吹泡泡,卻是徒勞。A. trying嘗試;B. managing完成;C. expecting預(yù)料;D. acting行動(dòng)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“vainly”可知,是試著去做。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他蘸了又蘸,吹了又吹,但還是沒有泡泡。A. changes變化;B. bubbles泡泡;C. results結(jié)果;D. drops水珠。由上文My son was playing with a bottle of bubbles.可知,作者的兒子在吹泡泡,此處指沒有吹出泡泡。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他將瓶子和環(huán)狀的泡泡棒遞給我,問道:“爸爸,你能幫我吹泡泡嗎?”A. lent借出;B. handed遞給;C. threw扔;D. cast瞧。根據(jù)下文“asked me, “Daddy, can you make bubbles?””可知,是兒子將瓶子和環(huán)狀的泡泡棒遞給了作者。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我是一個(gè)受過教育的化學(xué)家,在活性劑技術(shù)方面受過良好的訓(xùn)練。A. researcher研究員;B. professional專家;C. chemist化學(xué)家;D. parent父母。根據(jù)下文“fairly well-trained in surfactant (活性劑) technology.”可知,作者是一個(gè)化學(xué)家。故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意:然而,所有的知識(shí)(對(duì)吹泡泡來說)完全沒用。A. out of date過時(shí)的;B. of no use無用;C. in doubt有疑問;D. in trouble有麻煩。根據(jù)下文“I dipped and puffed, ___7___ no bubbles.”可知,作者所學(xué)的化學(xué)知識(shí)對(duì)吹泡泡來說并沒有什么用。故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析句意:我沒有比我兒子更成功。A. trial試驗(yàn);B. confidence自信;C. patience耐心;D. success成功。根據(jù)下文“no bubbles”可知,作者沒有吹出泡泡,沒有比兒子更成功。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我蘸了(氣泡水),然后吹氣,仍然,沒有泡泡。A. even甚至;B. thus于是;因此;C. somehow以某種方式;D. still仍。由上文知,兒子沒有吹出泡泡。根據(jù)語境可知是作者仍然沒有吹出泡泡。故選D。
28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在幾次沒有成果的嘗試之后,我改變了策略。A. fruitless沒有成果的;B. tough艱苦的;C. unwilling不情愿的;D. difficult困難的。根據(jù)下文“I changed strategies”可知,作者的嘗試都沒有成功。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:沒有在帶有肥皂水的環(huán)狀泡泡棒上吹氣,我只是輕輕地呼了口氣。A. Despite盡管;B. Without沒有;C. On在······之上;D. Except除了。根據(jù)下文“I just gently breathed on it”可知,作者沒有吹氣。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)一個(gè)又大又美麗的泡泡形成并飄走的時(shí)候,我的兒子開心的尖叫起來。A. screamed尖叫;B. nodded點(diǎn)頭;C. rushed急速行進(jìn);D. flew飛。由上文可知,作者父子試了很多次,吹泡泡都失敗了,根據(jù)常識(shí)和關(guān)鍵詞“with delight”得出,當(dāng)作者的兒子看到作者吹出泡泡的時(shí)候,是開心的尖叫起來。故選A。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)一個(gè)又大又美麗的泡泡形成并飄走的時(shí)候,我的兒子開心的尖叫起來。A. escaped逃跑;B. floated飄然移動(dòng);C. burst爆裂;D. bounced彈回。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,吹出的泡泡會(huì)在空中飄動(dòng)。故選B。
【32題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我向他解釋道,“兒子,你不必用力地吹,你必須非常輕輕地在環(huán)形的泡泡棒上呼氣才能吹出泡泡?!盇. silently默默地;B. slightly略微;C. eagerly渴望地;D. gently輕輕地。根據(jù)上文“gently breathed”可知,此處作者告訴兒子要輕輕地吹。故選D。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他控制住了自己通過使勁吹的來制造大泡泡的急切的欲望,聽從了我的建議。A. freed免除;B. fueled給······加燃料C. contained控制;D. reduced減少。根據(jù)下文“followed my advice”可知,作者的兒子控制了自己通過使勁吹的來制造大泡泡的急切的欲望。故選C。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:有一些東西你可以用力量得到,但其他東西只產(chǎn)生于溫柔的呼吸。A. brain大腦;B. action行動(dòng);C. force力量;D. science科學(xué)。由上文 blow it to make bubbles.可知,之前作者父子用力吹都沒有吹出泡泡。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:有一些東西你可以用力量得到,但其他東西只產(chǎn)生于溫柔的呼吸。A. survive存活;B. separate分開;C. jumped跳;D. arise產(chǎn)生;出現(xiàn)。由上文Big bubbles!可知,作者父子吹泡泡失敗之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)輕輕地吹才能得到泡泡。故選D。
F
(天津一中2019-2020-2高三年級(jí)五月考英語試卷)
話題:這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者的祖母喜歡給別人郵寄明信片以鼓舞和安慰他人的故事。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):7分
Cards came for every occasion for Grandma. She even sent a card which was more of a ___16___to me when my cat died or when my relationship with somebody ended.
When I was young, I looked forward to ___17___ her birthday cards because of the check, the "gift" they contained. ___18___ , as I grew older, I realized the card itself was a(n) ___19___ gift, especially since her handwriting became spidery, a sign her illness was ___20___ .
She kept writing cards even the morning she died. Her wonderful nurses ___21___ them after she was gone. At her ___22___ , friends and family told us about the many cards they got from her. Her cards seemingly stretched further than I knew. We ___23___ that the volume of mail in the Postal Service was about to drop ___24___ after Grandma' s death. AS we dug into her possessions, we found notebook after notebook of ____25____ including many strangers', and album after album of cards she had received from others. She____26____ every card people sent. And that' s when I____27____ I would start sending cards, too.
When I grew up, I realized cards served a(n) ____28____ purpose in my life. When my mailbox is filled with ____29____ offers or even worse, bills, a personalized card is a breath of fresh air. The cards from my grandma were a ____30____ that she thought enough of me and I_____31_____ the time she spent writing a card, sticking a stamp, and sending it out.
Now I like to ____32____ my friends by sending them birthday cards when they have even removed their birthdays from social media. And I usually pick out cards months in ____33____ for the persons on my list. A card is a good way to tell someone you thought about them, you____34____ them, and if nothing else, you just want to make them feel____35____ .
16. A. burden B. promise C. comfort D. claim
17. A. receiving B. sending C. selling D. buying
18. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Instead D. However
19. A. precious B. artificial C. simple D. traditional
20. A. recovering B. worsening C. treated D. controlled
21. A. wrote B. mailed C. read D. copied
22. A. funeral B. request C. office D. heart
23. A. declared B. warned C. poked D. suggested
24. A. slightly B. completely C. hugely D. randomly
25. A. labels B. timetables C. accounts D. addresses
26. A. burned B. threw away C. gave out D. saved
27. A. decide B. agreed C. suspected D. pretended
28. A. imaginary B. significant C. impossible D. meaningless
29. A. junk B. suitable C. sweet D. similar
30. A. lesson B. recommendation C. reminder D. command
31. A. measure B. appreciate C. remember D. check
32. A. persuade B. surprise C. consult D. instruct
33. A. addition B. consequence C. order D. advance
34. A. observe B. interview C. value D. challenge
35. A. calm B. fair C. relaxed D. special
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者的祖母喜歡給別人郵寄明信片以鼓舞和安慰他人,隨著作者的成長,作者意識(shí)到明信片在自己的生活中有很重要的意義。祖母去世之后,作者也以郵寄明信片的方式去關(guān)心關(guān)愛他人。希望祖母表達(dá)愛的方式能夠傳遞下去。
【16題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)她甚至在我的貓去世或與某人關(guān)系結(jié)束時(shí)給我寄了一張明信片,這對(duì)我來說更像是一種安慰。A. burden 負(fù)擔(dān);B. promise承諾;C. comfort 安慰;D. claim聲明。根據(jù)when my cat died or when my relationship with somebody ended.可知,作者的貓去世或與某人關(guān)系結(jié)束時(shí)給作者寄了一張明信片,這對(duì)作者來說更像是一種安慰。故選C項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我還小的時(shí)候,我盼望著能收到她給我生日的明信片,因?yàn)槔锩媸恰岸Y物”。A. receiving接受; B. sending 發(fā)送;C. selling 賣;D. buying買。根據(jù)because of the check, the "gift" they contained.可知,作者小的時(shí)候,盼望著能收到她給自己生日的明信片,因?yàn)槔锩媸恰岸Y物”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,隨著年齡的增長,我意識(shí)到這張明信片本身就是一份珍貴的禮物,尤其是當(dāng)她的筆跡變得像蜘蛛一樣的時(shí)候,這是她病情惡化的標(biāo)志。A. Therefore因此; B. Otherwise否則;C. Instead而不是; D. However然而。分析句意前后句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表示“然而”。故選D項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,隨著年齡的增長,我意識(shí)到這張明信片本身就是一份珍貴的禮物,尤其是當(dāng)她的筆跡變得像蜘蛛爬的一樣,這是她病情惡化的標(biāo)志。A. precious 珍貴的;B. artificial 人造的;C. simple 簡單的;D. traditional傳統(tǒng)的。隨著年齡的增長,對(duì)明信片有了不同的理解,所以意識(shí)到這張明信片本身就是一份珍貴的禮物。故選A項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,隨著年齡的增長,我意識(shí)到這張明信片本身就是一份珍貴的禮物,尤其是當(dāng)她的筆跡變得像蜘蛛爬過的一樣,這是她病情惡化的標(biāo)志。 A. recovering恢復(fù);B. worsening惡化; C. treated 對(duì)待;D. controlled控制。根據(jù)her handwriting became spidery可知,筆跡潦草表明祖母的病情惡化,后文的“died”也表明,病情惡化導(dǎo)致了死亡。故選B項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在她去世后,照顧她的護(hù)士們把這些明信片郵寄了出去。A. wrote 寫;B. mailed 發(fā)郵件;C. read 讀;D. copied復(fù)制。根據(jù)下文they got from her可知,在祖母去世后,照顧她的護(hù)士們把這些明信片郵寄了出去。故選B項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在她的葬禮上,朋友和家人告訴我們,他們從她那里收到了許多明信片。A. funeral 葬禮;B. request要求; C. office 辦公室;D. heart心臟。根據(jù)she was gone.可知,是在葬禮上。故選A項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:祖母去世后,我們意識(shí)到郵政服務(wù)的郵件數(shù)量即將急劇下降。A. declared宣稱;B. warned 警告;C. poked探出,意識(shí)到,了解;D. suggested建議。根據(jù)he volume of mail in the Postal Service was about to drop ___9___ after Grandma' s death.可知,他們意識(shí)到郵政服務(wù)的郵件數(shù)量即將急劇下降。故選C項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:祖母去世后,我們意識(shí)到郵政服務(wù)的郵件數(shù)量即將大大地下降。A. slightly輕微地;B. completely 完全地 C. hugely大大地;D. randomly任意地。根據(jù)Her cards seemingly stretched further than I knew.可知,祖母的明信片數(shù)量巨大,因此,祖母去世后,郵政服務(wù)的郵件數(shù)量即將大大地下降。故選C項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我們翻了翻她的東西,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)接一個(gè)的筆記本,上面寫著許多陌生人的地址,還有別人寄給她的一本又一本的明信片。A. labels標(biāo)簽; B. timetables時(shí)間表; C. accounts 賬號(hào);D. addresses地址。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,郵寄明信片需要地址,前文they got from her也是提示。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意:她保存了人們寄來的每一張明信片。A. burned燃燒; B. threw away 扔掉;C. gave out放出;D. saved保存 。根據(jù)she had received from others可知,她保存了人們寄來的每一張明信片。故選D項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:從那時(shí)起,我決定也開始郵寄明信片。A. decide 決定;B. agreed同意; C. suspected懷疑; D. pretended假裝。根據(jù)start sending cards, too.可知,作者決定也開始郵寄明信片。故選A項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我長大后,我意識(shí)到明信片在我的生活中有一個(gè)重要的意義。A. imaginary虛構(gòu)的; B. significant 重要的;C. impossible 不可能的;D. meaningless沒有意義的。作者長大后,意識(shí)到明信片在作者的生活中有一個(gè)重要的意義,所以后來才會(huì)去郵寄明信片。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我的郵箱里塞滿了垃圾廣告,或者更糟糕的是,賬單時(shí),一張個(gè)性化賀卡就像一股新鮮空氣一樣。A. junk 無用的東西; B. suitable適合的;C. sweet 甜的;D. similar相似的。根據(jù)or even worse, bills,可知,作者郵箱里塞滿了垃圾廣告。選A項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:祖母寄來的明信片提醒我,她時(shí)刻惦念著我,我很感激她花時(shí)間寫明信片,貼郵票,寄出去。A. lesson 課程;B. recommendation推薦;C. reminder 提醒物;D. command命令。根據(jù)she thought enough of me可知,祖母寄來的明信片提醒作者,她時(shí)刻惦念著作者。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:祖母寄來的明信片提醒我,她時(shí)刻惦念著我,我很感激她花時(shí)間寫明信片,貼郵票,寄出去。A. measure測(cè)量; B. appreciate感激 ;C. remember 記得; D. check核對(duì)。作者很感激祖母花時(shí)間寫明信片,貼郵票,寄出去。故選B項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:現(xiàn)在我喜歡給朋友一個(gè)驚喜,當(dāng)他們甚至把自己的生日從社交媒體上刪除的時(shí)候,我會(huì)給他們寄生日明信片。 A. persuade 說服;B. surprise使驚訝 ;C. consult咨詢; D. instruct指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)when they have even removed their birthdays from social media.可知,作者喜歡給朋友一個(gè)驚喜。故選B項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我通常會(huì)提前幾個(gè)月為我名單上的人挑選明信片。A. addition增加物;B. consequence結(jié)果; C. order 命令;D. advance行進(jìn)。作者會(huì)提前幾個(gè)月為作者名單上的人挑選明信片,可見作者是精心挑選,非常重視。in advance“提前”。故選D項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:一張明信片是告訴別人你對(duì)他們的思念、你對(duì)他們的重視的好方法,如果沒有別的,你只是想讓他們感到特別。A. observe觀察; B. interview面試 ;C. value重視;D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)you thought about them可知,一張明信片是告訴別人你對(duì)他們的思念、你對(duì)他們的重視的好方法。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一張明信片是告訴別人你對(duì)他們的思念、你對(duì)他們的重視的好方法,如果沒有別的,你只是想讓他們感到特別。A. calm平靜的;B.fair 公平的;C. relaxed 放松的;D. special特殊的。根據(jù)if nothing else可知,如果沒有別的,你只是想讓他們感到特別。故選D項(xiàng)。
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