
考點(diǎn)一 感嘆句、祈使句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句
“What a beautiful garden?、貶w beautiful the red flwers are?、佟盩he kids shuted.“Can we g int the garden,Mrs Green?” “Yes.But dn’t pick r harm the flwers while appreciating them②.It was with great patience that the gardener grew them.③” “Yes,Mrs Green.Let’s explre the garden.②”
注釋:①為感嘆句,結(jié)構(gòu)為:What (+a/an)+adj.+n.(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))或Hw+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。②為祈使句,結(jié)構(gòu)為:D sth.?/Dn’t d sth.?,有時(shí)后面會(huì)跟“and/r+句子”。③為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/wh+其他。
1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/wh+其他。該句型可對(duì)句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。
2.It 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞??捎弥鷦?dòng)詞d,des或did來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定陳述句中,d還可以用于祈使句。I d hpe t receive yur early reply.我真的希望早日收到你的回復(fù)。D remember t lck the dr when yu leave the ffice.在你離開(kāi)辦公室的時(shí)候,一定要記得鎖門(mén)。
3.當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人,且作主語(yǔ)時(shí),可用wh或that,其他情況下一律用that。It was Tm wh/that I came acrss in the library yesterday.昨天我在圖書(shū)館里遇見(jiàn)的是湯姆。It was in the library that I met Tm yesterday.我昨天是在圖書(shū)館里遇見(jiàn)的湯姆。
4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu):Is/Was+it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/wh+其他部分?Was it in the library that yu met Tm yesterday?昨天你是在圖書(shū)館里遇見(jiàn)的湯姆嗎?
5.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu):特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/was+it+that+其他部分?Where was it that yu met Tm yesterday?你昨天是在哪里遇見(jiàn)的湯姆?
的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was nt until...+that+其他部分。It was nt until yesterday that I was tld that he was ill in hspital.直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Wrk hard, yu will make prgress in up, yu will miss the train.3. a beautiful picture it is!4. mving the stry is!5.Yu are waiting at a wrng place.It is at the htel the cach picks up turists.
6.It wasn’t until 1706 Thmas Twining funded the wrld’s first dry tea and cffee shp in Lndn.
倒裝分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝。部分倒裝只把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(多為助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞)置于主語(yǔ)之前。完全倒裝是把謂語(yǔ)完全放在主語(yǔ)之前。
Never will my mther g t the amusement park again.① Nt nly was it dirty①,but als it was nisy.S nisy was it that I culdn’t hear my mther.②Only when she shuted at me at the tp f her vice culd I hear what she was saying.③What’s wrse,n sner had we cme ut f the park than it began t rain①.We gt wet.Had we left a bit earlier,we wuld nt have been trapped in the rain.④ If Mther wn’t g,neither will I⑤.Near as it is⑥,I wn’t chse t g there again because I am nt interested in everything in the park nw.
注釋:①never,seldm,hardly,rarely,little,nt als,n ,等含有否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首時(shí)引起部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。注意:nt nly置于句首時(shí),所在的分句要部分倒裝,but als所在的分句不倒裝。②結(jié)構(gòu)中的s,such 連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),主句要用部分倒裝,that引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。③“nly+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí),主句要用部分倒裝。④在含有were/had/shuld的虛擬條件句中可以省略if,將were/had/shuld提前,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。⑤表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于后者時(shí),用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“s/neither/nr+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”(s表示肯定意義,neither/nr表示否定意義)。⑥在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,從句的表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形要位于句首,構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.全部倒裝On the platfrm was a student giving a speech.① In the crner sat a shy by,Tm.① Then came the by’s turn.②“Cme nt the platfrm,” said the teacher③.There went the by.④Seated in the frnt were the leaders f the schl.⑤ Thugh his hands were trembling,he began his speech.Such was Tm,a shy by wh was determined t face challenges.⑥
注釋:①表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首,引起句子全部倒裝。②表示時(shí)間的副詞then,nw位于句首,引起句子全部倒裝。③直接引語(yǔ)位于句首,引起句子全部倒裝。④表示方位方向的副詞here,there,ut,in,up,dwn,away位于句首,引起句子全部倒裝??谠E:方位方向加時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)介短直引(提)前。⑤分詞/形容詞/+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)+be+主語(yǔ)。⑥such置于句首時(shí)用完全倒裝。
1.在as/thugh引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,則其前不加冠詞。Child as he was,he finished his task with great curage and determinatin.盡管他只是一個(gè)孩子,他還是滿懷著決心和勇氣完成了任務(wù)。
2.在全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)只能是名詞而不能是代詞。Lk!Here cmes the bus.看!汽車(chē)來(lái)了。不能說(shuō)Here cmes it.要說(shuō)Here it cmes.
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Next dr t urs (live) a black cuple,wh seem t have settled in this cmmunity fr quite a lng it might sund,everyne present was amused by his adventure stry in until recently they encurage the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural (be) sme suggestins,which I hpe will be f benefit t yu.
完成句子5.Only when yu realize the imprtance f English ______________________________.只有當(dāng)你認(rèn)識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性時(shí),你才能全身心投入其中。6.Nt nly in this way but als they can strengthen their self-cnfidence.通過(guò)這種方式,學(xué)生們不僅能提高他們的寫(xiě)作能力,而且還能增強(qiáng)自信心。
can yu put yur
heart int it
can students imprve their writing ability
7.S much hmewrk that we have little time t have a rest.每天我們不得不做如此多的作業(yè),以至于我們幾乎連休息的時(shí)間都沒(méi)有。8.The parents didn’t tlerate their kids’ rudeness at the party,nr _____________ themselves t be disbeyed.父母不能容忍他們的孩子在聚會(huì)上表現(xiàn)得沒(méi)禮貌,也不允許自己的命令不被服從。
d we have t d every day
did they allw
—Yu shuldn’t read bks while having lunch①. If s②,yu will make the bk yu read③ dirty.Wuld yu like t put yur bk aside nw?—I’d like t④,but the bk is s interesting that I can’t tear myself away frm it.—D yu want t have a stmachache?—N,I hpe nt⑤.I will put it away right nw.
注釋:①在while,when,where,as if,if,thugh,n matter what,until等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,若謂語(yǔ)部分含be動(dòng)詞,而從句主語(yǔ)又與主句主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)是it時(shí),狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)中的be動(dòng)詞可以一起省略。②if ever如果曾發(fā)生過(guò)的話;if busy 如果忙的話;if any如果有的話;if pssible如果可能的話;if s如果這樣的話;if nt如果不的話;if necessary如果必要的話。③限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞that,which,whm??梢允÷浴"茉谕痪湓捇蛲磺榫皩?duì)話中,當(dāng)同一動(dòng)作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時(shí),通常省略該動(dòng)作而保留不定式符號(hào)t。⑤英語(yǔ)中還常常用s/nt等來(lái)代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容,s/nt多跟在I’m afraid,I hpe,I think,I guess,I believe等開(kāi)頭的答句中。
1.在狀語(yǔ)從句的省略中,若省略,則主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省略,若保留則一起保留。Yu are nt careful enugh while (yu are) crssing a busy street.在橫穿繁忙街道的時(shí)候,你再怎么小心也不為過(guò)。
2.在狀語(yǔ)從句的省略中,考查連詞之后的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),要考慮該動(dòng)詞與主句主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。Thugh lacking mney,his parents managed t send him t cllege.盡管缺錢(qián),他的父母還是設(shè)法讓他去上大學(xué)。He always keeps silent unless asked.除非被問(wèn)到,他總是保持沉默。
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.We finished the task tw days earlier than (expect).2.—D yu have any idea what Paul des all day?—As I knw,he spends at least as much time playing as he des _______(write) all knw that,if nt carefully (deal) with,the situatin will get suddenly turned arund as if (make) sure that nbdy was fllwing him.
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins,three are declining,six (be) stable,ne is increasing,and nine lack enugh data.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅰ) 2.It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse we saw Lily in the passenger seat.(2018·天津6月)3.In any unsafe situatin,simply (press) the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.(2018·北京)
1.注意分析句式結(jié)構(gòu),確定為何種特殊句式。如果是省略句,注意補(bǔ)全缺失部分之后再解題。2.根據(jù)特殊句式的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。(1)看到倒裝句,要注意其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)。(2)看到there be句型要注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Prfessr Salvery,wh invented the term EQ,gives the fllwing descriptin:At wrk,it is IQ gets yu ,f curse they celebrate Christmas here,and there are bviusly displays in shps and Christmas markets,but seem t be n signs f Christmas it was ten years ag I read the bk,it shwed me a universal truth that bks were friends,always pushing us t mve n.
4.Present at the party last night (be) Mr Green and many ther guests.5.—What did she want t knw,Tm?—She wndered when it was we culd cmplete the f yu may have finished the text. s,yu can g n t the next.
1.It was when I gt back t my apartment I first came acrss my new neighbrs.(2017·天津6月)2. (be) it nt fr the supprt f the teachers,the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.(2017·江蘇)3.But like s many ther things,it is nly t much stress des yu harm.(2016·上海)
4.Only when Lily walked int the ffice she realize that she had left the cntract at hme.(2015·天津)5.Int the cmplete silence f the waiting class (cme) the teacher’s sweet vice,“Gd mrning,children.”(2015·湖北)
Chengdu is largely cnsidered as a city f leisure.It was the slw-paced lifestyle 1. put the city n the list f the 21 must-g travel spts f 2017 in the travel magazine Natinal Gegraphic.
語(yǔ)篇解讀 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)休閑城市——成都,其生活節(jié)奏比較慢,有許多地方特色美食以及遍布全城的各式茶館。
1.考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。所填詞與句首的It was構(gòu)成“It ”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)the slw-paced lifestyle,故填that。
One f the greatest pleasures in Chengdu is 2. (it) fd,which is famus 3. the use f Sichuan peppercrn.Nthing is mre imprtant t Chengdu peple than fd.
2.考查代詞。所填詞修飾名詞fd,作定語(yǔ),故用形容詞性物主代詞its。
3.考查介詞。be famus fr...以……聞名,是固定搭配。
They enjy 4. (search) ut small restaurants in ut-f-the-way 5._______(place) that may just specialize in a cuple f dishes.
4.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。enjy后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),enjy ding sth.?喜歡做某事。
5.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。place“地方”,是可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Chengdu has the 6. (high) density f restaurants in the wrld.N wnder it 7. (becme) the fast Asian city named as a City f Gastrnmy (美食) by UNESCO in 2010.
6.考查形容詞最高級(jí)。由空前的the及比較范圍可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。
7.考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2010可知,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
Anther imprtant part f lcal daily life is the city’s teahuses.The teahuses,8. (find) all ver Chengdu,are much mre than just a place t drink tea.
8.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析可知,此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)形式。the teahuses與find之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
They are places t d business,meet with friends,shw ff pet birds,listen t Sichuan Opera,and mst 9. (imprtant),play mahjng. As a lcal saying ges,“If yu cannt find smene,he r she is either playing mahjng 10. n the way t play mahjng.”
9.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。mst imprtantly最重要的是,是固定短語(yǔ)。
10.考查并列句?;蛘摺蛘摺?,是固定用法。
1.感嘆句典例 (2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)多么有意義的一次經(jīng)歷??!What a meaningful experience it was!運(yùn)用 (2021·浙江6月)這是一場(chǎng)多么精彩的中國(guó)畫(huà)展??!
What a fantastic Chinese panting shw it is!
2.祈使句+and/r+陳述句典例 (2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)我正要放棄的時(shí)候老師對(duì)我喊:“堅(jiān)持,你會(huì)成功的?!盜 was abut t give up when my teacher shuted at me,“Keep up,and yu will make it.”運(yùn)用 (2020·浙江7月)埃莉(Ellie)說(shuō):“快點(diǎn),否則熊會(huì)追上我們的。”
“Hurry up,r the bear will catch up with us,” said Ellie.
3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句典例 (2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)懷著巨大的勇氣和決心我最終穿過(guò)了終點(diǎn)線。It was with great curage and determinatin that I finally crssed the finishing line.運(yùn)用 (2021·浙江6月)在我把錢(qián)交給父母之后,我才意識(shí)到成長(zhǎng)的意義。
It was after I handed my parents the cash that I realized the meaning f grwing up.
4.“nly+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首的倒裝句典例 (2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ)眾所周知,只有通過(guò)努力訓(xùn)練我們才能在比賽時(shí)表現(xiàn)出色。As is knwn t all,nly by practicing hard can we perfrm well in the match.
運(yùn)用 (2021·上海)只有通過(guò)說(shuō)和聽(tīng),你才能不斷地練習(xí),只有把你所學(xué)的運(yùn)用起來(lái),你才能盡快地掌握漢語(yǔ)。
Only by speaking and listening can yu keep practicing it and nly by putting what yu have learnt int use can yu master Chinese as quickly as pssible.
5.倒裝句(s+adj.+be+sb.?/sth.?+that從句)典例 (2020·浙江7月)面包是如此的誘人,熊朝面包的方向跑去。S appealing was the bread that the bear ran t the directin where it was. 運(yùn)用 (2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)伯納德(Bernard)是如此開(kāi)心以至于他給了約翰一個(gè)大大的擁抱。
S happy was Bernard that he gave Jhn a big hug.
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