?專題11閱讀理解記敘文

全國各地歷年高考真題全收錄

2022年全國甲卷之D篇
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口號), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解決).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題。
【32題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世紀60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關鍵是港口。故選C項。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30歲出頭的Andrew Reynolds是個快樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔任渡輪領航員為生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我會想念這些舊船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (雙體船更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不有趣)”可知，渡輪領航員Andrew Reynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方歷史學家Shirley Fitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald認為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時，我考慮到了這一點)”以及最后一段“He is right (他說得沒錯)”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A項。

2022年1月浙江卷之A篇
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危機）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate （房地產(chǎn)）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, "When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals. *'
1. Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A. She wanted to work near her home.
B. She was tired of working in the office.
C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D. Her former employer was out of business.
2. The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to _________?
A. make money. B. try various jobs.
C. be close to nature. D. travel to different places.
3. What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A. She has chances to see rare animals.
B. She works hard throughout the year.
C. She relies on herself the whole time.
D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述Merebeth從事的新工作。近十年來，她一直是一名自營寵物運輸專家。
【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“The downturn hit the real estate （房地產(chǎn)）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地產(chǎn)公司做了10年的辦公室經(jīng)理，經(jīng)濟低迷打擊了這家公司。 公司破產(chǎn)了，她只好另尋新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以換工作，是因為她以前的雇主破產(chǎn)了。故選D。
【2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地說，除了蒙大拿州、華盛頓州和俄勒岡州，她走遍了美國所有的州。如果她想去一個新的地方，她只需要找到一個有交通需要的寵物。 她風雨無阻地旅行）”，可知，劃線詞的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故選D。
【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（當我在路上的時候，我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直很獨立，我強烈地覺得我必須幫助動物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故選C。

2021年新高考I卷之B篇
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr. Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr. Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr. Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms. Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring. B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了為鋼琴演奏者做翻頁工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情況。
【24題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受過訓練的音樂家，但我學會了識譜，這樣我就可以在Maria的表演中幫助她)”可知，Titterton因為識譜，所以可以在Maria的鋼琴表演中為她翻頁。故選A項。
【25題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(這項工作需要很多技能。你必須確保你不會一次翻兩頁并且必要的時候確保你回到前面找到音樂重復的部分)”可知，為鋼琴家翻頁這項工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故選C項。
【26題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(無聲的舞臺交流是關鍵，每個鋼琴家都有自己的“點頭”風格來表示翻頁，他們需要和翻頁者進行練習)”可知，Titterton需要和鋼琴演奏者練習識別他們的“點頭”示意來翻頁。故選B項。
【27題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他對音樂很感興趣，感受著每一個音符，所以我不得不說：“翻頁，翻頁！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因為對音樂感興趣，所以幫她翻頁的時候總是沉浸在音樂中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故選D項。

2021年新高考II卷之B篇
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者為了保證兩只老虎幼崽的存活，決定在家里全天候照顧它們。介紹了老虎在作者家生活的情況以及作者照顧老虎的感受。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范圍內(nèi)，動物園里三分之一的蘇門答臘老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我決定在家里全天候照顧它們)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽帶回家是為了確保他們的存活。故選A。
【5題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（隨著它們的活動越來越多，我們白天讓它們在房子里自由活動，但當我們睡覺時，我們必須把它們關在一個大房間里，否則它們會）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”（我們早上下樓時發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟，讓它看起來像個動物園。）可知，作者不得不把老虎們關在一個大房間里，否則它們就會調(diào)皮搗蛋，表現(xiàn)不好。早上下樓時發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟，看起來像個動物園。故畫線詞意思是“表現(xiàn)不好”。故選A。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力來照顧它們，事情很快變得非常緊張。有一段艱難的日子，我只是覺得非常累)”可推知，作者認為在家里養(yǎng)小老虎累人。故選B。
【7題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(當Spot和Stripe四個月大的時候，他們正在學習如何開門和跳柵欄，我們知道是時候讓他們離開了)”可知，作者決定把Spot 和Stripe送回動物園是因為他們變得難以控制。故選B。

2021年新高考II卷之C篇
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (變革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries."
8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A. It is particularly difficult. B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind. D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國一名女子在被評為世界最佳教師后獲得了100萬英鎊的獎金，她將用這筆獎金發(fā)起一個項目，讓藝術家進入學校。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（倫敦北部中學教師安德里亞·扎菲拉庫(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀起一場課堂革命?！拔覀儗⒆龀龈淖?，”她說?！拔乙呀?jīng)啟動了一個項目，以促進我們學校的藝術教學?！保笨芍?，Zafirakou打算用自己的獎金運行一個項目。故選C。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.（許多學校很難讓任何類型的藝術家——無論是當?shù)貚渎额^角的音樂家還是主要的電影明星——進入學校，與孩子們一起工作并激勵他們，因此才有了這個項目。）”可知，Craig-Martin認為，英國學校的藝術教學尤其困難。故選A。
【10題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.（這是絕對必要的。未來取決于創(chuàng)造力，而創(chuàng)造力取決于年輕人。）”可知，Schama認為學校教育應該強調(diào)創(chuàng)造力。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（倫敦北部中學教師安德里亞·扎菲拉庫(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀起一場課堂革命。“我們將做出改變，”她說?！拔乙呀?jīng)啟動了一個項目，以促進我們學校的藝術教學?！保笨芍恼轮v述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的獎金啟動了一個項目，將藝術家?guī)нM學校，促進藝術教學。故選A。

2021年全國甲卷之C篇
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（橫桿）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
10. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
B Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】本文屬于記敘文。本文講述作者自己的經(jīng)歷，起初搬到倫敦很不適應，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，結識了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的適應了。作者回到倫敦之后，經(jīng)常去之前玩滑板的地方尋找自己的回憶，在與一個玩滑板的孩子打招呼的時候，終于找到了自己久違的熟悉感。
【8題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快適應這個城市，沒有了我喜愛的沙灘和藍天，我感到迷茫和無措)”可知，作者剛到倫敦的時候因為沒有喜愛的沙灘，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮喪，故選A。
【9題】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大聲歡呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是贊美的含義，結合選項，故選B。
【10題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告訴他：“我20年前經(jīng)常在這里玩滑板，”他緩慢地開始向我點頭：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank這個地方是為了尋找自己玩滑板的回憶，故選D。
【11題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者起初搬到倫敦很不適應，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，結識了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的適應了。但是搬去華盛頓，因為沒有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，幾年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到倫敦之后，經(jīng)常去之前玩滑板的地方尋找自己的回憶，在于一個孩子打招呼的時候，終于找到了自己久違的回憶。通過作者的經(jīng)歷，作者要表達的是，歸屬感對于孩子是很重要的，故選C。

2021年1月浙江卷之A篇
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（農(nóng)村）India. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤兒院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚變）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”
38．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
39．How did Brierley find his hometown?
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
40．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
【答案】38．A 39．C 40．B
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了布爾利小時候意外走失，長大后通過自己努力找回家人的故事。
38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(當他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個人時：4歲的孩子判斷他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火車上，所以他上了車)”以及第二段中“That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火車把他帶到了一個千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布爾利在25年前和家人分開是因為他誤上了火車。故選A項。
39．細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一個數(shù)字地圖程序。他花了數(shù)年時間在該節(jié)目的衛(wèi)星圖片中尋找家鄉(xiāng))”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都開始匹配了）”可知，布爾利是通過研究數(shù)字地圖找到家鄉(xiāng)的。故選C項。
40．細節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚變）. just didn’t know what to say: because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采訪中，布爾利說：“我媽媽看起來比我記憶中矮多了。但是她走了出來，朝我走來，我也向著她走去，我的感情、眼淚和大腦里的化學物質(zhì)，你知道的：就像發(fā)生了核聚變。只是不知道該說些什么：因為我從沒想過見到我母親會成為現(xiàn)實。我就在這里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采訪中講述了他和母親的團聚。故選B項。

2021年6月浙江卷
Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (職業(yè)) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle D. He felt he was good at acting.
2. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
3. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Leslie Nielsen的演藝生涯。
【1題】細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演員。Nielsen的叔叔所贏得的欽佩和尊重激勵他走上了演藝事業(yè))”可知，Nielsen想當演員的原因是想像他叔叔一樣。故選C項。
【2題】細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (這部電影使他進入了職業(yè)生涯的后半段，即使影評人對這部電影評價不高，但僅僅憑他的喜劇表演就可以使這部電影獲得經(jīng)濟上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen職業(yè)生涯的后半段，他成了一個成功的喜劇演員。故選D項。
【3題】推理判斷題。通讀全文，再結合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life. (他憑借平凡的努力和決心建立了一個非常成功的事業(yè)。他告訴我們，即使是只有一個愿望，永不放棄，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷告訴我們：有志者事竟成。故選D項。

2021年6月浙江卷
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
4. What is the problem with the author’s children?
A. They often annoy their neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
5. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了電影制作人David Bond為了讓孩子們遠離屏幕，拍攝自己的旅行，并將自然當作一個品牌，推銷給年輕人。
【4題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子們放學后想做的是拿起一個屏幕——任何屏幕——盯著它看幾個小時)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的時間太長了。故選D項。
【5題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked to young people. (他記錄了他的旅程，他開始把大自然當作一個品牌，讓年輕人看到)”可知，David Bond通過拍一個紀錄片宣傳他的想法。故選A項。
【6題】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“a film”可知，本句主語是一部電影，下文“the birth of the World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡的誕生)”解釋了這部電影的主旨。由此推知，劃線詞charts意為“記錄、描繪”，與“records”意思一致。故選A項。
【7題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行記錄下來，開始把自然當作一個品牌，推銷給年輕人。其結果是Project Wild Thing，一部記錄了World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡)誕生的電影，World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡)是以讓孩子們接觸大自然為共同目標的團體)”可推知，本文主要講述了電影制作人David Bond為了讓孩子們遠離屏幕，拍攝自己的旅行，并將自然當作一個品牌，推銷給年輕人。由此可知，C項Market Nature to Children(把自然推銷給年輕人)適合作本文標題。故選C項。

2021年北京卷之B篇
I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（學期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（絕望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget．
In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
C. It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是記敘文。講述了作者一開始認為加入伊拉克兒童行動項目不會達到他的期望，但是最后通過努力對自己和他人帶來影響，說明第一印象不總是可信的。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（當老師向我們介紹了需要我們幫助的不同組織時，我最后的選擇是伊拉克兒童行動(OIC)。我對這個組織的第一印象是，它不會對我心中的計劃產(chǎn)生足夠的影響。）可知，一開始作者認為加入伊拉克兒童行動項目不會達到他的期望。故選D。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（絕望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．”（當我上網(wǎng)訪問OIC 網(wǎng)站時，我看到了伊拉克兒童的照片。他們的臉上傳遞的信息是絕望和需要幫助，我毫不猶豫地加入了這個項目。）可知，伊拉克兒童圖片幫助作者改變了他對這個項目的態(tài)度。故選A。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（現(xiàn)在我們的項目結束了，我意識到我不僅影響了一個人的生活，而且影響了十個人的生活。在我們的努力下，10名男孩和女孩現(xiàn)在將能夠繼續(xù)接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克兒童行動組織幫助十個伊拉克兒童繼續(xù)接受教育。故選B。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我對這個組織的第一印象是，它不會對我心中的計劃產(chǎn)生足夠的影響。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（一開始，我鼓勵自己去改變另一個人的生活?，F(xiàn)在我們的項目結束了，我意識到我不僅影響了一個人的生活，而且影響了十個人的生活。在我們的努力下，十名男孩和女孩現(xiàn)在將能夠繼續(xù)接受教育。）可知，一開始作者認為加入伊拉克兒童行動不會達到他的期望，但是最后通過努力對自己和他人帶來影響，說明第一印象不總是可信的。故選B。

2020年全國II卷之D篇
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(來源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避風港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盜版行為) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
本文是夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者是一個熱情的讀者，孩提時熱衷讀書，第一份工作在圖書館。有了孩子以后，一家人去圖書館讀書，閱讀的習慣代代傳承下去。作為小說家，作者呼吁其他作家支持圖書館，宣傳圖書館。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的 I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.(我一直是一個熱情的讀者，孩提時，有時候每天讀多達三本書。故事對我來說就像空氣，而其他孩子則打球或參加聚會。我通過從圖書館借閱來的書籍經(jīng)歷冒險)可推斷，作者小時候與書是密不可分的。故選C。
【33題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文As I grew older and became a mother可知，我長大了成了一位母親，結合下文I had several children and books were our main source (來源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them(我有幾個孩子，書是我們娛樂的主要來源。對于我們來說，坐上車去當?shù)氐膱D書館是件大事，在那里我的孩子們可以挑選要閱讀的書或者想讓我給他們讀的書)可推斷，作者成了母親以后，帶著孩子去圖書館，孩子挑選書籍來閱讀，或者作者讀給他們聽，因此可知圖書館在作者的生活中又增添了新的意義，閱讀的樂趣在家庭中代代相傳”。故選B。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.( 我認為所有的作家都應該在他們可以的時候以有意義的方式支持圖書館。鼓勵讀者使用圖書館。在社交媒體上分享圖書館公告?？梢缘臅r候常去圖書館，談論圖書館)可知，作者呼吁其他的作家們支持圖書館。故選C。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知，文章講述了作者是一名熱情地讀者，孩提時喜歡閱讀，工作在圖書館。有了孩子以后，一家人去圖書館讀書，閱讀的習慣代代傳承下去，作為小說家，作者呼吁其他作家支持圖書館，宣傳圖書館。因此推斷全文圍繞“作者對圖書館的愛”展開講述。故D項“我對圖書館的愛”為最佳標題。故選D。
2020年1月浙江卷之A篇
I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs. Calloway our librarian. She ran Jackson’s Carnegie Library absolutely by herself. SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to change your clothes. I was willing；I would do anything to read.
My mother was not afraid of Mrs. Calloway. She wished me to have my own library card to check out books for myself, She took me in to introduce me. “Eudora is nine years old and has my permission to read any book she wants from the shelves, children or adults,” Mother said.
Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the library on the same day you`d taken it out；it made no difference to her that you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. You could take out two books at a time and two only. So two by two, I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. I knew this was extreme happiness, knew it at the time.
My mother shared this feeling of mine. Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else. I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part of the Wolf in a game of "Little Red Riding Hood" with my brother's two daughters. She'd just look up at the right time, long enough to answer– in character –"The better to eat you with, my dear," and go back to her place in the magazine article.
21. Which of the following best described Mrs. Calloway?
A. diet. B. Strict. C. Humorous. D. Considerate.
22. What do the underlined words "this feeling" refer to in the last paragraph?
A. Desire to read. B. Love for Mrs. Calloway.
C. Interest in games. D. Fear of the library rules.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. guidebook. B. an autobiography. C. a news report. D. book review.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要內(nèi)容為作者非常喜愛閱讀，并保持著在圖書館中閱讀和借閱書籍的習慣，而作者的母親也和作者一樣擁有對讀書的渴望。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs. Calloway our librarian. （我從來沒見過哪個在杰克遜長大的人不害怕我們的圖書管理員卡洛維夫人）以及SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to change your clothes.（到處都掛著牌子，上面用黑色的大字寫著“肅靜”。如果她認為你穿得不合適，她會直接讓你回家換衣服）可知Mrs. Calloway很嚴格。故選B。
【22題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else.（現(xiàn)在，我覺得她在做其他事情的同時，也在閱讀）可知作者的媽媽也非常喜歡閱讀，故作者的母親渴望讀書和作者是一樣的。故劃線短語意思為“渴望讀書”。故選A。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。結合文章主要內(nèi)容可知，作者非常喜愛閱讀，并保持著在圖書館中閱讀和借閱書籍的習慣，而作者的母親也和作者一樣渴望讀書。故可推測文章可能來自于一份自傳。故選B。
【點睛】文章出處類推理判斷題。做這類題重要的是要抓住文章的內(nèi)容或結構特征，這是推理判斷的前提和基礎。如報紙，前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點、通訊社名稱等；廣告，其格式特殊，容易辨認；產(chǎn)品說明、器皿設備的使用說明有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方法，而藥品的服用說明會告知服用時間、次數(shù)和藥量等。如第三小題，結合文章主要內(nèi)容為作者非常喜愛閱讀，并保持著在圖書館中閱讀和借閱書籍的習慣，而作者的母親也和作者一樣擁有對讀書的渴望?？芍恼驴赡軄碜杂谧詡鳌９蔬xB。
2020年北京卷之C篇
For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.
The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.
Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.
The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.
Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修補）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.
38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?
A. Confused about the technical terms.
B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.
C. Discouraged by its complex structure.
D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.
39. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________.
A. restore old workshops B. understand the craftsmen
C. improve visual effects D. inspire the philosophers
40. Why does the author mention museums?
A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.
B. To present the findings of old science.
C To highlight the importance of antiques.
D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.
41. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists
B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories
C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists
D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述科學家Paula Smith致力于對古代手工技能的研究，認為科學家如果能夠把古代的手工技能和現(xiàn)代的科學方法結合起來，就能夠創(chuàng)造更大成就。
【38題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.” 讓史密斯震驚的主要是，她并沒有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她說:“你根本無法通過閱讀來了解這些手工作品?！?由此可知讀完這份法國手稿，這種手工技能讓史密斯感到震驚，故選D。
【39題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, ” 重建幾個世紀前工匠的作品，可以揭示他們?nèi)绾慰创澜?，他們的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是為了了解工匠。故選B。
【40題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down.” 史密斯說，這項工作也給博物館帶來了深刻的見解。為了保存它，一個人必須知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解寶藏磨損之前的樣子。因此可知，博物館要想很好保存物品，必須要知道這件物品是如何制成的，也是在強調(diào)手工技能的價值，故選D。
【41題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. ”史密斯說，如果我們能重新發(fā)現(xiàn)實踐經(jīng)驗和工藝的價值，我們就能將現(xiàn)代的最好見解與我們祖先的靈巧結合起來。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科學家能把古代的手工技巧同現(xiàn)代的理論結合起來，就能夠獲得更多的成就。C選項Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists工藝造就了更好的科學家，符合文章主題，適合做標題，故選C。
【點睛】標題猜測題。屬于主旨大意題的一種，標題應位于文章之首，概括文章內(nèi)容，點明文章主題。它可以是單詞，短語，或句子。確定文章標題，第一，標題要與主題密切相關；其次，看標題是否能概括全文內(nèi)容，不能只概括短文中的某些事實或細節(jié)；第三，標題范圍不應太大或太小；最后，標題應新穎，概括性強并且精煉。小題4中C選項概括文中主旨大意，與主題密切相關，故選C。

2020年江蘇卷之A篇
Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020
Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and wuhan.
Jan 27: The Central Steering (指導) Group arrived in Wuhan.
Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020
Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level.
Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing.
Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020
Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸檢測) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry.
Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.
Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020
Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.

56. What happened between January 20 and February 20?
A. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B. The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C. The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D. Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
57. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?
A. January 23. B. March 11. C. April 8. D. May 7.
【答案】56. A 57. C
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了2020年5月7日前，中國抗擊新冠肺炎的重要日期。
56.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020部分 Jan27: The Central Steering (指導) Group arrived in Wuhan.可知，在一月二十號到二月二十號之間，中央領導小組抵達武漢。故選A。
57.推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions(4月8日:武漢取消出境交通限制)可推知，從四月八日起，私家車被允許離開武漢。故選C。

2020年山東卷之B篇
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(學費), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(犧牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學教育的情況下，通過自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵。
4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當?shù)氐募夹g學院來支付她的學費，因為家里沒有額外的錢用來支付大學教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學教學，因為家里沒有額外的錢。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力讀完了大學)符合以上說法，故選C項。
5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau Claire項目，因為她可以在離家近的地方攻讀四年的學位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau Claire項目是因為離家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個孩子。A. To take care of her kids easily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項。
6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.(Jennifer為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯過了很多重要的活動)可知，為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時光。B. Her time with family.(她與家人的時光)符合以上說法，故選B項。
7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with honors.(雖然經(jīng)歷了這些，但她一直保持著良好的學術地位，并以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè))和However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子們在見證母親獲得學位的過程中得到了重要的一課。Jennifer是第一代畢業(yè)生，這對她的家庭來說是一種激勵--這是非常強大的。)可知，Jennifer在艱苦的環(huán)境中通過自己的努力不僅以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給孩子樹立了榜樣，同時也讓家人得到了激勵。由此推測，我們可以從Jennifer的故事中學到:努力總會有回報。C. Hard work pays off.(努力會得到回報)符合以上說法，故選C項。
2020年山東卷之C篇
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬禮)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?
A. His friends' invitation. B. His interest in the country.
C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerous.
11. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了Bissell寫的《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國的幽靈》這本書。這本書是Bissell在烏茲別克斯坦做志愿者后寫的，是對烏茲別克斯坦人生活的一個快速觀察。
8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的”A few years later, still attracted to the country. he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Ara Sea”可知，幾年后，Bissell仍然被這個國家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關于咸海消失的文章。因此推斷出對這個國家的興趣讓Bissell先生再次返回烏茲別克斯坦。故選B。
9.詞句猜測題。劃線句是第二段首句，that用來指代上文提的事情，因此推斷that指代第一段的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea(幾年后，仍然被這個國家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代寫了一篇關于死海消失的文章這件事，故選D。
10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段”This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬禮)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.”可知，在烏茲別克斯坦的旅途中，Mr Bissell既體會到了友善和溫暖，也看到了社會的黑暗面。在撒馬爾罕，Mr Bissell欣賞到了的建筑奇觀。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因為被懷疑進行毒品交易，他嘗到了警察的伎倆。在費爾干納，他參加了一個山區(qū)葬禮，然后參加了一個奇怪的酒會。在卡拉卡爾帕克斯坦，他為沙塵暴、疾病和被困在數(shù)英里外的漁船而難過。由此可知，在旅途中，他經(jīng)歷了很多事情。結合選項，B選項(充滿事件的，多事的)可以表達此意。故選B。
11.推理判斷題。文章第一段提到書的作者的烏茲別克斯坦之行，引出他寫的書，接下來三段講述了他的書《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國的幽靈》的故事內(nèi)容，是烏茲別克斯坦生活的一個快速觀察。因此推斷本文的寫作目的是介紹一本書。故選A。
2020年天津卷之B篇
“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue(塑像) of me-is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream?”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have duo ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors-they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)?”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.
“Of course-I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend to do!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself.”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
41. What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln?
A. Her aggressive personality.
B. Mr. Mills’s encouraging remark.
C. President Lincoln’s gentle voice.
D. Her interest in a challenging job.
42. How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie’s request?
A. Pleased.
B. Thrilled.
C. Regretful.
D. Doubtful.
43. Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting ______.
A. her experience from other projects
B. her innocent childhood in the country
C. the heavy labor she had done before
D. the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
44. Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ______.
A. achieve effects of natural lighting
B. keep all her tools within easy reach
C. observe the President at a right angle
D. avoid disturbing the president’s work
45. What message does the story convey?
A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B. Experience helps to promote excellence.
C. Ups and downs make one strong.
D. Devotion requires enthusiasm.
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. A
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了Vinnie Ream向林肯總統(tǒng)提出給他做一個全身雕像的請求，一開始林肯總統(tǒng)對此表示懷疑，在Vinnie的不斷努力爭取后，最終第二天Vinnie收到了林肯總統(tǒng)的邀請。
41.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. “可知，我本來不敢問你，但我的老師Mills先生說我準備好了。我打算用一種令人欽佩的方式來做這件事。由此可知，Mills先生的話給了Vinnie向林肯總統(tǒng)提出要求的底氣。故選B。
42.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Of course- I shouldn't have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size.”可知，當然-我不應該問的。對于你這種身材的年輕女性來說，全身雕像太大了。由此可推知，林肯總統(tǒng)首先對Vinnie的請求表示懷疑。故選D。
43.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“I've driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay figure would not exhaust my strength-and this is what I intend to do!”可知，我趕過馬隊，提過水。做一個全身雕像不會耗盡我的力量-我還正想這樣呢！此可知，Vinnie通過強調(diào)她以前所做的繁重勞動，證實了她有能力制作一個全身雕像。故選C。
44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I'd like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself. “可知，總統(tǒng)提到自己沒有時間擺姿勢來讓Vinnie做雕像。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”可知，Vinnie環(huán)顧四周，注意到了他辦公室的大小?！拔腋傻煤芸欤彼f。她指著靠近窗戶的那個角落，聲音柔和而自信?！叭绻野盐业恼惩翈У竭@里來，每天下午工作三個小時，我就可以在你辦公的時候完成大部分的項目?！庇纱丝赏浦?，上文中總統(tǒng)提到自己沒有時間擺姿勢來讓Vinnie做雕像，于是Vinnie想選擇靠近窗戶的角落，是為了避免干擾總統(tǒng)的工作。故選D。
45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要記敘了Vinnie Ream向林肯總統(tǒng)提出給他做一個全身雕像的請求，一開始林肯總統(tǒng)對此表示懷疑，在Vinnie的不斷努力爭取后，最終第二天Vinnie收到了林肯總統(tǒng)的邀請。由此可推知，這個故事表達了意志堅強的人能達到目標的思想。故選A。

2019年全國I卷之B篇
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…Vote for …me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious.
C. Caring. D. Demanding.
【語篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文，講述Thomas Whaley為了幫助學生學英語以及樹立信心專門開展了一個演講課程。
24.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那種喜歡公共演講的孩子，但是他卻很緊張，故可知Chris是因為做演講緊張，故選B。
25.A 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段 “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 以及后文except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well 可知, Chris 發(fā)ld比較困難，這對于英語不是母語的學習者來說都是一個困難，總體來說Chris做得出奇的好。根據(jù)前文可知，ld發(fā)音不準，因此有些結巴，停頓得不準，故選A。
26.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最后一段 “boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”可知，這個課程不僅僅教孩子閱讀以及公共演講，還要讓孩子學會夸耀自己，而夸耀自己對于那些進入教室沒有信心的學生來說很困難，故可知，Whaley老師這么做是為了幫助學生認識自己的優(yōu)勢增加信心，故選A。
27.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves可知，當他有一天問學生認為自己當不了總統(tǒng)請舉手的時候，想到了一個想法，這個課程就是幫助學生樹立自己的信心，故可以看出這位老師很關心學生的成長。humorous 幽默的， ambitious 有雄心壯志的；caring 關心的；demanding要求高的。故選C。

2019年全國II卷之B篇
“You can use me as a last resort(選擇), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(長曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社區(qū))as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knows little about the club.
B. She isn't good at sports.
C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D. She's unable to meet her schedule.
25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encourage team work.
B. Appeal to feeling.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文中講述了作者成功說服了一個家長參加志愿者團隊，作為一名志愿者作者發(fā)揮了自己的作用，并獲得了快樂。
24.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的 You can use me as a last resort（選擇）, and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.可知，你可以當我是最后的候選人，如果沒有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推斷出，她不想做自愿者。故選C。
25.B 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句話I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on ...可知，作者為了勸服這位家長，舉了兩個例子。故可知，劃線句此處應是“煽情”之意。故選B。
26.D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中這位家長作出的貢獻及the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team可知，她最終成為了志愿者隊伍中的重要的一員，也即是說，她成了一個好幫手。故選D。
27.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干問作者為什么喜歡做志愿者工作。根據(jù)第四最兩句Connecting to the community（社區(qū)）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，為社區(qū)做貢獻可以帶來真正的快樂， 參加志愿者活動活動能讓人感覺快樂。故選B。
2019年北京卷之B篇
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health. B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies. D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Alice Moore，一個年輕有為的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的故事，故事告訴我們：積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。
34.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it? "及下文她想方設法最終制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她對父親的警告的反應是：她試圖找到一條出路。故選B。
35.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，因此，這種糖只使用天然甜味劑，可以減少口腔細菌，因此它對牙齒有利。故選A。
36.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.可知，Moor想用她獨特的才能幫助別人找到他們的笑容。故選B。
37.C 【解析】推理判斷題。文章主要講述了Moor的創(chuàng)業(yè)故事，她之所以能成功源于面對問題和困難時，她樂觀的看待問題，積極的想方設法去解決問題。因此，通過她的故事讓我們懂得積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。故選C。
2019年天津卷之B篇
I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say," I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning," made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said," The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf," I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
41. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？
A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B. She was anxious to know what had happened.
C. She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D. She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
42. According to Paragraph 3，the author's reading of road signs indicates___________
A. her unique way to locate herself
B. her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D. her growing desire to know the world around her.
43. What was the author's view on factual reading？
A. It would help her update test-taking skills.
B. It would allow much room for free thinking.
C. It would provide true and objective information.
D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
44. The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.
A. explore a fantasy land
B. develop a passion for leaning
C. learn about the adult community
D. get away from a confusing world
45. What could be the best title for the passage？
A. The Magic of Reading B. The Pleasure of Reading
C. Growing Up with Reading D. Reading Makes a Full Man
【語篇解讀】本文為夾敘夾議文，作者講述了自己的讀書經(jīng)歷和感悟。
41.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段主題句I always wanted to know what my mom was reading.和Hearing mom say … made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself可知，作者一直想知道媽媽在讀什么。作者搶過媽媽讀的報紙，因為作者自己迫切想看一看報紙上寫的內(nèi)容，故選B。
42. D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything，可以推斷出，讓媽媽開車開慢一點，他能夠讀出所有路標，正是作者在閱讀方面的進步引起了他的好奇心，想要了解周圍的一切，故選D。
43.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my test.可知，小學和中學階段的閱讀都是事實性閱讀，讀書是為了獲取知識，考試得A。因此事實性閱讀能夠提供真實的客觀的信息，故選 C。
44. D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone.( 打開一本小說，我可以擺脫我的負擔，進入一個奇妙而神秘的世界，我現(xiàn)在是一個新的角色。在這個世界上，我可以成為任何人。) 可知，閱讀小說可以讓作者避開復雜的現(xiàn)實而投入到小說中的世界中去，故選D。
45.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)上下文可知，作者以時間順序回憶了自己的閱讀經(jīng)歷和感悟，伴著閱讀成長，故選項C符合題意。
2019年江蘇卷之D篇
The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer’s(阿爾楚海默癥). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
“Why do this?” Steve wondered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she’d love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
“It was beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.”
Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn’t play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it “Melancholy Flower”.
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi’s help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve’s songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower”
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve’s permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
65. Why did Melissa want to save her father’s music?
A. His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B. She wanted to please her dying old father.
C. His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D. She wanted to make her father a professional.
66. After hearing Steve’s playing, Naomi ________.
A. refused to make a comment on it
B. was deeply impressed by his music
C. decided to free Steve from suffering
D. regretted offering help to her friend
67. How can the process of Steve’s recording be described?
A. It was slow but productive.
B. It was beneficial to his health.
C. It was tiresome for Naomi.
D. It was vital for Naomi’s career.
68. Before Steve finished “Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni _______.
A. thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B. didn’t expect the damage the disease brought about
C. didn’t fully realize the value of her husband’s music
D. brought her husband’s music career to perfection
69. How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？
A. He felt concerned about his illness.
B. He sensed a responsibility for music.
C. He regained his faith in music.
D. He got into a state of quiet.
70. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. The Kindness of Friends B. The Power of Music
C. The Making of a Musician D. The Value of Determination
【語篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文，主要講述一個鋼琴師幫助一個患老年癡呆癥的老人錄制音樂的故事，其錄制過程比較艱苦，但是錄制的音樂很成功，也讓老人對音樂充滿了信心。
65.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Steve的專業(yè)軟件工程，還是一個鋼琴的熱愛者，是家里唯一的音樂家，音樂是他真正熱愛的東西，盡管沒有在家以外的地方彈奏過鋼琴。根據(jù)第三段Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.可知他的女兒Melissa覺得保存他的音樂很有價值，故選C。
66.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十段 “it was beautiful,” Naomi said after listening to the recording. “ the music was worth saving.”可知，聽了錄音之后Naomi說很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi對Steve的音樂印象深刻，故選B。
67.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十二段He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.以及第十三段Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn’t play it.可知，Steve會笨拙地把手指放在鋼琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解釋腦海里的內(nèi)容，所有的這些，都是Naomi在彈奏，而Steve在聽，故可知這個錄制過程很慢。根據(jù)第十六段Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs.可知作品很多。故選A。
68.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十六段Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t. 以及后文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower之前，他的妻子還沒完全意識到丈夫的音樂的真正價值，故選C。
69.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.可知，他知道自己一生要選擇的路，告訴家人他很平靜，故可知，家鄉(xiāng)的音樂會讓他重新堅定了對音樂的信念，故選D。
70.B 【解析】標題歸納題。本文主要講述一個鋼琴師幫助一個患老年癡呆癥的人錄制音樂的故事，其錄制過程比較艱苦，但是錄制的音樂很成功，也讓老人對音樂充滿了信心。B項“音樂的力量”概括了全文內(nèi)容，是最佳標題。故選B。
2019年浙江卷A篇
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(軍隊的)medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet.But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: "Who are you？What antique shop？" However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business, " Zac says. "To drive eight hours to come to see me."
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure." This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions(場合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, "and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left." Corrado Piccoli’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A. In the army.
B. In an antique shop.
C. From his mother.
D. From Adeline Rockko.
22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A. She was very impolite.
B. She was serious about the medal.
C. She suspected his honesty.
D. She came from a wealthy family.
23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice.
B. Her knowledge of antiques.
C. Her childhood dream.
D. Her memory of her brother.
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。Zachariah Fike有一個不同尋常的業(yè)余愛好：他在網(wǎng)上和古董店里尋找舊的軍隊勛章，然后將這些勛章歸還它們的合法主人。文章主要敘述了他這一愛好的起源。
21.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart—he earned one himself in a war as a soldier”可知，當Zac還是一名士兵的時候，在一次戰(zhàn)爭中他獲得了一枚Purple Heart。故A選項正確。
22.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“To drive eight hours to come to see me”可以推知，Adeline為了那枚Purple Heart開車八個小時來見Zac，由此可知，她對于這件事是認真地。因此，At that point, I knew she meant business應該指的是Zac意識到Adeline對這枚勛章是認真的。故B選項正確。
23.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Corrado, a translator…was killed in action in Europe”和倒數(shù)第三段中的“as I grew older…and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left ”這枚勛章寄托了Adeline對于去世的哥哥Corrado的回憶和思念，這是他們家留下的唯一關于哥哥的東西了。因此她很珍惜這枚勛章。故D選項正確。
2018年全國卷III之C篇
While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校園) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲線) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).
Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. "That is only evidence that traditions once existed," he said.
"Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, " he said.
"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are, " said Wang.
The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.
A. following the latest world trend
B. getting international recognition
C. working harder than ever before
D. relying on foreign architects
29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?
A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size.
C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.
30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?
A. The mixture of different shapes.
B. The balance of East and West.
C. The use of popular techniques.
D. The harmony of old and new.
31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?
A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.
C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.
【文章大意】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中國建筑設計師王澍在其作品中融合中國傳統(tǒng)建筑文化，獲得了建筑界的諾貝爾獎——普利策獎，這讓中國建筑現(xiàn)在得到了國際認可。
28.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容可知，王澍獲得2012年普利策獎，而普利策獎相當于建筑界的諾貝爾獎，他是第一個獲此獎的中國人，故推知中國建筑現(xiàn)在得到了國際認可。故B項正確。
29.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段對CAA校園的描述可知，它的設計風格獨特，與大多數(shù)中國大學的校園很不同，許多游客感對復雜的建筑空間和豐富的建筑類型感到吃驚，故C正確。
30.D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段1995年普利策獎的獲得者Tadao Ando的評語可知，王澍設計的成功之處是把中國傳統(tǒng)元素融入現(xiàn)代設計，并保持兩者的和諧，故D正確。
31.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段和倒數(shù)第三段中In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created可知，傳統(tǒng)的研究要與實踐相結合，在實踐中進行再創(chuàng)造，否則就會是人工的和空的，故D正確。
2018年北京卷之A篇
My First Marathon（馬拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋帶) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗標簽), I can now call myself a＂marathon winner＂.
36.?A?month?before?the?marathon,?the?author ____________.
A.?was?well?trained B.?felt?scared
C.?made?up?his?mind?to?run D.?lost?hope
37.?Why?did?the?author?mention?the?P.E.?class?in?his?7th?year?
A.?To?acknowledge?the?support?of?his?teacher.
B.?To?amuse?the?readers?with?a?funny?story.
C.?To?show?he?was?not?talented?in?sports.
D.?To?share?a?precious?memory.
38.?How?was?the?author’s?first?marathon?
A.?He?made?it. B.?He?quit?halfway.
C.?He?got?the?first?prize. D.?He?walked?to?the?end.
39.?What?does?the?story?mainly?tell?us?
A.?A?man?owes?his?success?to?his?family?support.
B.?A?winner?is?one?with?a?great?effort?of?will.
C.?Failure?is?the?mother?of?success.
D.?One?is?never?too?old?to?learn.
【文章大意】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了自己第一次跑馬拉松，憑借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的勵志故事。
36.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead. 可知，馬拉松賽前一個月盡管作者腳踝受傷使得訓練時間縮短，但作者仍下定決心參賽。故選C。
37.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂可知，作者提到7年級的事情是為了證明自己真的沒有運動天賦。故選C。
38.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第10段I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. 可知，作者堅持到了最后，而且得到了一塊獎牌，雖然不是第一名，由此可見他成功地跑完了馬拉松。故選A。
39.B 【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者在講述自己跑馬拉松的經(jīng)歷，再根據(jù)最后一段Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗標簽), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完馬拉松源于自己的意志。故選B。
2018年天津卷之B篇
When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I’ll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stop. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We’re fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(愛窺探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still confused. "Well, it’s our home." My heart jolted(震顫). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! "
"There’s some really good stuff(藝術作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum? "
"Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone. "
"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I’ve always wanted to thank you."
41. What do we know about Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a community leader.
C. She was a museum director.
D. She was a journalist.
42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?
A. She disliked people who were nosy.
B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.
C. She knew more about art than the man.
D. She mistook him for a tour guide.
43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?
A. Puzzled. B. Concerned. C. Frightened. D. Delighted.
44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?
A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.
D. The event happening in the house was more significant.
45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?
A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.
B. People should spend more time with their family.
C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.
【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章作者和朋友原想?yún)⒂^McNay博物館，到了之后參觀的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人奇怪的看著她，最后才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己誤將一個私人住宅當成McNay博物館。30年后，一位女士認出誤撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因為作者的誤撞入才讓她意識到自己住的地方有多么美麗。
41.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩畫家。故選A。
42.D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves.可知，導游令作者心煩，作者誤認為屋子里的男人是位導游。故選D。
43.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段The people in the hall seemed very nosy(愛窺探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem?（大廳的人看起來都非常愛窺探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看著我。他們有什么問題？）可以推斷出，作者當時感到困惑不解。故選A。
44.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者著墨點主要在敘述參觀誤當成McNay博物館的私人住宅上，故這才是文章的重心，所以將真正的McNay博物館敘述一帶而過。故選D。
45.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造訪她家之前，這位女士從未意識到自己住的地方多么美麗，從而可以推斷出，人們往往對周圍的美而不見。故選C。
2018年浙江卷之A篇
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（識字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult to understand.
B. They were popular among the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly worthless.
D. They were written mostly by women.
22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.
A. his reputation in France
B. his interest in modern art
C. his success in publication
D. his importance in literature
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a great writer.
B. To introduce an English novel.
C. To encourage studies on culture.
D. To promote values of the Victorian age.
【文章大意】本文一篇記敘文。主要介紹了Charles Dickens在英國小說方面的重要貢獻和深遠影響。在他200年誕辰之際，讓我們永遠記住這位對文學藝術做出重大貢獻的小說家。
21.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段對當時情況的描寫nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（識字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors... Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.印刷技術落后，人們識字率低，作品上沒有作者名字，小說被認為是愚蠢的不正常的，毫無價值可言。故選C。
22.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列舉的Charles Dickens小說的影響可知，把他和Mona Lisa相比是為了說明Charles Dickens在英國小說方面的重要性和Mona Lisa在繪畫方面的重要性是一樣的，故選D。
23.A 【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文中對Charles Dickens及其作品在英國小說史上重要性的描寫，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知本文是寫于Charles Dickens誕辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者寫本文是為了紀念這位偉大的作家。故選A。
2018年江蘇卷之C篇
If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美國青年農(nóng)會）and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors. developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.
From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于）farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation's food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
61. The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .
A. the progress made in car industry
B. a special feature of agriculture
C. a trend of development in agriculture
D. the importance of investing in car industry
62. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?
A. Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
B. Technology is vital for agricultural development.
C. Competition between small and big farms is fierce
D. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
63. What is the difficulty for those new famers?
A. To gain more financial aid.
B. To hire good farm managers.
C. To have fans of their own.
D. To win old farmers’ support.
64. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?
A. Seek support beyond NYFC.
B. Expand farmland conservation.
C. Become members of NYFC.
D. Invest more to improve technology.
【文章大意】文章一篇記敘文。主要闡述了美國的小農(nóng)場主所持有的優(yōu)勢，同時也分析了目前美國農(nóng)業(yè)所面臨的問題，比如美國農(nóng)業(yè)目前很多人不愿意賣地，且60歲以上的農(nóng)民數(shù)目遠遠高出年輕農(nóng)民。
61.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段If you want to disturb the car industry，you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture，small farmers can get the best of the major players.提到汽車行業(yè)，小型汽車制造商不太可能打敗最大的汽車公司。然而農(nóng)業(yè)就不一樣了，小農(nóng)場也能成為主導可知，作者開篇提到汽車行業(yè)，目的是引起下文，說明了農(nóng)業(yè)特色，故選B項。
62.D【解析】推理判斷題。文章第二段是通過事例來證明第一段“…small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.”小農(nóng)場也可能會超過大型農(nóng)場可知，小農(nóng)場也可能比大農(nóng)場先占領先機，故選D項。
63.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.” 來自投資者、開發(fā)商和老牌大農(nóng)場主的競爭使得許多新農(nóng)民無法擁有自己的土地可知，對于新型的農(nóng)民來說要擁有自己的土地，即自己的農(nóng)場還是困難重重的，故選C項。
64.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.”可知，除了在敦促國會增加耕地保護的同時，在推動移民改革的同時，在尋求確保不同背景、雄心勃勃的下一代農(nóng)民成功的政策時，農(nóng)民應該為一個更可持續(xù)、更公平的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟尋求更多的支持，故選A項。

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